1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
|
<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook V4.1//EN">
<!--
- Copyright (C) 2001, 2003 Internet Software Consortium.
-
- Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
- purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
- copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
-
- THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND INTERNET SOFTWARE CONSORTIUM
- DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL
- IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL
- INTERNET SOFTWARE CONSORTIUM BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT,
- INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING
- FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
- NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
- WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
-->
<!-- $Id: dnssec-signzone.docbook,v 1.2.52.2 2003/02/17 07:05:03 marka Exp $ -->
<refentry>
<refentryinfo>
<date>June 30, 2000</date>
</refentryinfo>
<refmeta>
<refentrytitle><application>dnssec-signzone</application></refentrytitle>
<manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
<refmiscinfo>BIND9</refmiscinfo>
</refmeta>
<refnamediv>
<refname><application>dnssec-signzone</application></refname>
<refpurpose>DNSSEC zone signing tool</refpurpose>
</refnamediv>
<refsynopsisdiv>
<cmdsynopsis>
<command>dnssec-signzone</command>
<arg><option>-a</option></arg>
<arg><option>-c <replaceable class="parameter">class</replaceable></option></arg>
<arg><option>-d <replaceable class="parameter">directory</replaceable></option></arg>
<arg><option>-s <replaceable class="parameter">start-time</replaceable></option></arg>
<arg><option>-e <replaceable class="parameter">end-time</replaceable></option></arg>
<arg><option>-f <replaceable class="parameter">output-file</replaceable></option></arg>
<arg><option>-h</option></arg>
<arg><option>-i <replaceable class="parameter">interval</replaceable></option></arg>
<arg><option>-n <replaceable class="parameter">nthreads</replaceable></option></arg>
<arg><option>-o <replaceable class="parameter">origin</replaceable></option></arg>
<arg><option>-p</option></arg>
<arg><option>-r <replaceable class="parameter">randomdev</replaceable></option></arg>
<arg><option>-t</option></arg>
<arg><option>-v <replaceable class="parameter">level</replaceable></option></arg>
<arg choice="req">zonefile</arg>
<arg rep="repeat">key</arg>
</cmdsynopsis>
</refsynopsisdiv>
<refsect1>
<title>DESCRIPTION</title>
<para>
<command>dnssec-signzone</command> signs a zone. It generates NXT
and SIG records and produces a signed version of the zone. If there
is a <filename>signedkey</filename> file from the zone's parent,
the parent's signatures will be incorporated into the generated
signed zone file. The security status of delegations from the the
signed zone (that is, whether the child zones are secure or not) is
determined by the presence or absence of a
<filename>signedkey</filename> file for each child zone.
</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>OPTIONS</title>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term>-a</term>
<listitem>
<para>
Verify all generated signatures.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>-c <replaceable class="parameter">class</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>
Specifies the DNS class of the zone.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>-d <replaceable class="parameter">directory</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>
Look for <filename>signedkey</filename> files in
<option>directory</option> as the directory
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>-s <replaceable class="parameter">start-time</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>
Specify the date and time when the generated SIG records
become valid. This can be either an absolute or relative
time. An absolute start time is indicated by a number
in YYYYMMDDHHMMSS notation; 20000530144500 denotes
14:45:00 UTC on May 30th, 2000. A relative start time is
indicated by +N, which is N seconds from the current time.
If no <option>start-time</option> is specified, the current
time is used.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>-e <replaceable class="parameter">end-time</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>
Specify the date and time when the generated SIG records
expire. As with <option>start-time</option>, an absolute
time is indicated in YYYYMMDDHHMMSS notation. A time relative
to the start time is indicated with +N, which is N seconds from
the start time. A time relative to the current time is
indicated with now+N. If no <option>end-time</option> is
specified, 30 days from the start time is used as a default.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>-f <replaceable class="parameter">output-file</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>
The name of the output file containing the signed zone. The
default is to append <filename>.signed</filename> to the
input file.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>-h</term>
<listitem>
<para>
Prints a short summary of the options and arguments to
<command>dnssec-signzone</command>.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>-i <replaceable class="parameter">interval</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>
When a previously signed zone is passed as input, records
may be resigned. The <option>interval</option> option
specifies the cycle interval as an offset from the current
time (in seconds). If a SIG record expires after the
cycle interval, it is retained. Otherwise, it is considered
to be expiring soon, and it will be replaced.
</para>
<para>
The default cycle interval is one quarter of the difference
between the signature end and start times. So if neither
<option>end-time</option> or <option>start-time</option>
are specified, <command>dnssec-signzone</command> generates
signatures that are valid for 30 days, with a cycle
interval of 7.5 days. Therefore, if any existing SIG records
are due to expire in less than 7.5 days, they would be
replaced.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>-n <replaceable class="parameter">ncpus</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>
Specifies the number of threads to use. By default, one
thread is started for each detected CPU.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>-o <replaceable class="parameter">origin</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>
The zone origin. If not specified, the name of the zone file
is assumed to be the origin.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>-p</term>
<listitem>
<para>
Use pseudo-random data when signing the zone. This is faster,
but less secure, than using real random data. This option
may be useful when signing large zones or when the entropy
source is limited.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>-r <replaceable class="parameter">randomdev</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>
Specifies the source of randomness. If the operating
system does not provide a <filename>/dev/random</filename>
or equivalent device, the default source of randomness
is keyboard input. <filename>randomdev</filename> specifies
the name of a character device or file containing random
data to be used instead of the default. The special value
<filename>keyboard</filename> indicates that keyboard
input should be used.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>-t</term>
<listitem>
<para>
Print statistics at completion.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>-v <replaceable class="parameter">level</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>
Sets the debugging level.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>zonefile</term>
<listitem>
<para>
The file containing the zone to be signed.
Sets the debugging level.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>key</term>
<listitem>
<para>
The keys used to sign the zone. If no keys are specified, the
default all zone keys that have private key files in the
current directory.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>EXAMPLE</title>
<para>
The following command signs the <userinput>example.com</userinput>
zone with the DSA key generated in the <command>dnssec-keygen</command>
man page. The zone's keys must be in the zone. If there are
<filename>signedkey</filename> files associated with this zone
or any child zones, they must be in the current directory.
<userinput>example.com</userinput>, the following command would be
issued:
</para>
<para>
<userinput>dnssec-signzone -o example.com db.example.com Kexample.com.+003+26160</userinput>
</para>
<para>
The command would print a string of the form:
</para>
<para>
In this example, <command>dnssec-signzone</command> creates
the file <filename>db.example.com.signed</filename>. This file
should be referenced in a zone statement in a
<filename>named.conf</filename> file.
</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>SEE ALSO</title>
<para>
<citerefentry>
<refentrytitle>dnssec-keygen</refentrytitle>
<manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
</citerefentry>,
<citerefentry>
<refentrytitle>dnssec-signkey</refentrytitle>
<manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
</citerefentry>,
<citetitle>BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</citetitle>,
<citetitle>RFC 2535</citetitle>.
</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>AUTHOR</title>
<para>
<corpauthor>Internet Software Consortium</corpauthor>
</para>
</refsect1>
</refentry>
<!--
- Local variables:
- mode: sgml
- End:
-->
|
