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diff --git a/usr/src/cmd/sed/sed.1 b/usr/src/cmd/sed/sed.1 deleted file mode 100644 index 0744630b57..0000000000 --- a/usr/src/cmd/sed/sed.1 +++ /dev/null @@ -1,636 +0,0 @@ -.\" Copyright (c) 1992, 1993 -.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. -.\" -.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by -.\" the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. -.\" -.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without -.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions -.\" are met: -.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright -.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. -.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright -.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the -.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. -.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors -.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software -.\" without specific prior written permission. -.\" -.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND -.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE -.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE -.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE -.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL -.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS -.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) -.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT -.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY -.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF -.\" SUCH DAMAGE. -.\" -.\" @(#)sed.1 8.2 (Berkeley) 12/30/93 -.\" $FreeBSD$ -.\" -.Dd May 24, 2009 -.Dt SED 1 -.Os -.Sh NAME -.Nm sed -.Nd stream editor -.Sh SYNOPSIS -.Nm -.Op Fl Ealnr -.Ar command -.Op Ar -.Nm -.Op Fl Ealnr -.Op Fl e Ar command -.Op Fl f Ar command_file -.Op Fl I Ar extension -.Op Fl i Ar extension -.Op Ar -.Sh DESCRIPTION -The -.Nm -utility reads the specified files, or the standard input if no files -are specified, modifying the input as specified by a list of commands. -The input is then written to the standard output. -.Pp -A single command may be specified as the first argument to -.Nm . -Multiple commands may be specified by using the -.Fl e -or -.Fl f -options. -All commands are applied to the input in the order they are specified -regardless of their origin. -.Pp -The following options are available: -.Bl -tag -width indent -.It Fl E -Interpret regular expressions as extended (modern) regular expressions -rather than basic regular expressions (BRE's). -The -.Xr re_format 7 -manual page fully describes both formats. -.It Fl a -The files listed as parameters for the -.Dq w -functions are created (or truncated) before any processing begins, -by default. -The -.Fl a -option causes -.Nm -to delay opening each file until a command containing the related -.Dq w -function is applied to a line of input. -.It Fl e Ar command -Append the editing commands specified by the -.Ar command -argument -to the list of commands. -.It Fl f Ar command_file -Append the editing commands found in the file -.Ar command_file -to the list of commands. -The editing commands should each be listed on a separate line. -.It Fl I Ar extension -Edit files in-place, saving backups with the specified -.Ar extension . -If a zero-length -.Ar extension -is given, no backup will be saved. -It is not recommended to give a zero-length -.Ar extension -when in-place editing files, as you risk corruption or partial content -in situations where disk space is exhausted, etc. -.Pp -Note that in-place editing with -.Fl I -still takes place in a single continuous line address space covering -all files, although each file preserves its individuality instead of -forming one output stream. -The line counter is never reset between files, address ranges can span -file boundaries, and the -.Dq $ -address matches only the last line of the last file. -(See -.Sx "Sed Addresses" . ) -That can lead to unexpected results in many cases of in-place editing, -where using -.Fl i -is desired. -.It Fl i Ar extension -Edit files in-place similarly to -.Fl I , -but treat each file independently from other files. -In particular, line numbers in each file start at 1, -the -.Dq $ -address matches the last line of the current file, -and address ranges are limited to the current file. -(See -.Sx "Sed Addresses" . ) -The net result is as though each file were edited by a separate -.Nm -instance. -.It Fl l -Make output line buffered. -.It Fl n -By default, each line of input is echoed to the standard output after -all of the commands have been applied to it. -The -.Fl n -option suppresses this behavior. -.It Fl r -Same as -.Fl E -for compatibility with GNU sed. -.El -.Pp -The form of a -.Nm -command is as follows: -.Pp -.Dl [address[,address]]function[arguments] -.Pp -Whitespace may be inserted before the first address and the function -portions of the command. -.Pp -Normally, -.Nm -cyclically copies a line of input, not including its terminating newline -character, into a -.Em "pattern space" , -(unless there is something left after a -.Dq D -function), -applies all of the commands with addresses that select that pattern space, -copies the pattern space to the standard output, appending a newline, and -deletes the pattern space. -.Pp -Some of the functions use a -.Em "hold space" -to save all or part of the pattern space for subsequent retrieval. -.Sh "Sed Addresses" -An address is not required, but if specified must have one of the -following formats: -.Bl -bullet -offset indent -.It -a number that counts -input lines -cumulatively across input files (or in each file independently -if a -.Fl i -option is in effect); -.It -a dollar -.Pq Dq $ -character that addresses the last line of input (or the last line -of the current file if a -.Fl i -option was specified); -.It -a context address -that consists of a regular expression preceded and followed by a -delimiter. The closing delimiter can also optionally be followed by the -.Dq I -character, to indicate that the regular expression is to be matched -in a case-insensitive way. -.El -.Pp -A command line with no addresses selects every pattern space. -.Pp -A command line with one address selects all of the pattern spaces -that match the address. -.Pp -A command line with two addresses selects an inclusive range. -This -range starts with the first pattern space that matches the first -address. -The end of the range is the next following pattern space -that matches the second address. -If the second address is a number -less than or equal to the line number first selected, only that -line is selected. -The number in the second address may be prefixed with a -.Pq Dq \&+ -to specify the number of lines to match after the first pattern. -In the case when the second address is a context -address, -.Nm -does not re-match the second address against the -pattern space that matched the first address. -Starting at the -first line following the selected range, -.Nm -starts looking again for the first address. -.Pp -Editing commands can be applied to non-selected pattern spaces by use -of the exclamation character -.Pq Dq \&! -function. -.Sh "Sed Regular Expressions" -The regular expressions used in -.Nm , -by default, are basic regular expressions (BREs, see -.Xr re_format 7 -for more information), but extended (modern) regular expressions can be used -instead if the -.Fl E -flag is given. -In addition, -.Nm -has the following two additions to regular expressions: -.Pp -.Bl -enum -compact -.It -In a context address, any character other than a backslash -.Pq Dq \e -or newline character may be used to delimit the regular expression. -The opening delimiter needs to be preceded by a backslash -unless it is a slash. -For example, the context address -.Li \exabcx -is equivalent to -.Li /abc/ . -Also, putting a backslash character before the delimiting character -within the regular expression causes the character to be treated literally. -For example, in the context address -.Li \exabc\exdefx , -the RE delimiter is an -.Dq x -and the second -.Dq x -stands for itself, so that the regular expression is -.Dq abcxdef . -.Pp -.It -The escape sequence \en matches a newline character embedded in the -pattern space. -You cannot, however, use a literal newline character in an address or -in the substitute command. -.El -.Pp -One special feature of -.Nm -regular expressions is that they can default to the last regular -expression used. -If a regular expression is empty, i.e., just the delimiter characters -are specified, the last regular expression encountered is used instead. -The last regular expression is defined as the last regular expression -used as part of an address or substitute command, and at run-time, not -compile-time. -For example, the command -.Dq /abc/s//XXX/ -will substitute -.Dq XXX -for the pattern -.Dq abc . -.Sh "Sed Functions" -In the following list of commands, the maximum number of permissible -addresses for each command is indicated by [0addr], [1addr], or [2addr], -representing zero, one, or two addresses. -.Pp -The argument -.Em text -consists of one or more lines. -To embed a newline in the text, precede it with a backslash. -Other backslashes in text are deleted and the following character -taken literally. -.Pp -The -.Dq r -and -.Dq w -functions take an optional file parameter, which should be separated -from the function letter by white space. -Each file given as an argument to -.Nm -is created (or its contents truncated) before any input processing begins. -.Pp -The -.Dq b , -.Dq r , -.Dq s , -.Dq t , -.Dq w , -.Dq y , -.Dq \&! , -and -.Dq \&: -functions all accept additional arguments. -The following synopses indicate which arguments have to be separated from -the function letters by white space characters. -.Pp -Two of the functions take a function-list. -This is a list of -.Nm -functions separated by newlines, as follows: -.Bd -literal -offset indent -{ function - function - ... - function -} -.Ed -.Pp -The -.Dq { -can be preceded by white space and can be followed by white space. -The function can be preceded by white space. -The terminating -.Dq } -must be preceded by a newline or optional white space. -.Pp -.Bl -tag -width "XXXXXX" -compact -.It [2addr] function-list -Execute function-list only when the pattern space is selected. -.Pp -.It [1addr]a\e -.It text -Write -.Em text -to standard output immediately before each attempt to read a line of input, -whether by executing the -.Dq N -function or by beginning a new cycle. -.Pp -.It [2addr]b[label] -Branch to the -.Dq \&: -function with the specified label. -If the label is not specified, branch to the end of the script. -.Pp -.It [2addr]c\e -.It text -Delete the pattern space. -With 0 or 1 address or at the end of a 2-address range, -.Em text -is written to the standard output. -.Pp -.It [2addr]d -Delete the pattern space and start the next cycle. -.Pp -.It [2addr]D -Delete the initial segment of the pattern space through the first -newline character and start the next cycle. -.Pp -.It [2addr]g -Replace the contents of the pattern space with the contents of the -hold space. -.Pp -.It [2addr]G -Append a newline character followed by the contents of the hold space -to the pattern space. -.Pp -.It [2addr]h -Replace the contents of the hold space with the contents of the -pattern space. -.Pp -.It [2addr]H -Append a newline character followed by the contents of the pattern space -to the hold space. -.Pp -.It [1addr]i\e -.It text -Write -.Em text -to the standard output. -.Pp -.It [2addr]l -(The letter ell.) -Write the pattern space to the standard output in a visually unambiguous -form. -This form is as follows: -.Pp -.Bl -tag -width "carriage-returnXX" -offset indent -compact -.It backslash -\e\e -.It alert -\ea -.It form-feed -\ef -.It carriage-return -\er -.It tab -\et -.It vertical tab -\ev -.El -.Pp -Nonprintable characters are written as three-digit octal numbers (with a -preceding backslash) for each byte in the character (most significant byte -first). -Long lines are folded, with the point of folding indicated by displaying -a backslash followed by a newline. -The end of each line is marked with a -.Dq $ . -.Pp -.It [2addr]n -Write the pattern space to the standard output if the default output has -not been suppressed, and replace the pattern space with the next line of -input. -.Pp -.It [2addr]N -Append the next line of input to the pattern space, using an embedded -newline character to separate the appended material from the original -contents. -Note that the current line number changes. -.Pp -.It [2addr]p -Write the pattern space to standard output. -.Pp -.It [2addr]P -Write the pattern space, up to the first newline character to the -standard output. -.Pp -.It [1addr]q -Branch to the end of the script and quit without starting a new cycle. -.Pp -.It [1addr]r file -Copy the contents of -.Em file -to the standard output immediately before the next attempt to read a -line of input. -If -.Em file -cannot be read for any reason, it is silently ignored and no error -condition is set. -.Pp -.It [2addr]s/regular expression/replacement/flags -Substitute the replacement string for the first instance of the regular -expression in the pattern space. -Any character other than backslash or newline can be used instead of -a slash to delimit the RE and the replacement. -Within the RE and the replacement, the RE delimiter itself can be used as -a literal character if it is preceded by a backslash. -.Pp -An ampersand -.Pq Dq & -appearing in the replacement is replaced by the string matching the RE. -The special meaning of -.Dq & -in this context can be suppressed by preceding it by a backslash. -The string -.Dq \e# , -where -.Dq # -is a digit, is replaced by the text matched -by the corresponding backreference expression (see -.Xr re_format 7 ) . -.Pp -A line can be split by substituting a newline character into it. -To specify a newline character in the replacement string, precede it with -a backslash. -.Pp -The value of -.Em flags -in the substitute function is zero or more of the following: -.Bl -tag -width "XXXXXX" -offset indent -.It Ar N -Make the substitution only for the -.Ar N Ns 'th -occurrence of the regular expression in the pattern space. -.It g -Make the substitution for all non-overlapping matches of the -regular expression, not just the first one. -.It p -Write the pattern space to standard output if a replacement was made. -If the replacement string is identical to that which it replaces, it -is still considered to have been a replacement. -.It w Em file -Append the pattern space to -.Em file -if a replacement was made. -If the replacement string is identical to that which it replaces, it -is still considered to have been a replacement. -.It I -Match the regular expression in a case-insensitive way. -.El -.Pp -.It [2addr]t [label] -Branch to the -.Dq \&: -function bearing the label if any substitutions have been made since the -most recent reading of an input line or execution of a -.Dq t -function. -If no label is specified, branch to the end of the script. -.Pp -.It [2addr]w Em file -Append the pattern space to the -.Em file . -.Pp -.It [2addr]x -Swap the contents of the pattern and hold spaces. -.Pp -.It [2addr]y/string1/string2/ -Replace all occurrences of characters in -.Em string1 -in the pattern space with the corresponding characters from -.Em string2 . -Any character other than a backslash or newline can be used instead of -a slash to delimit the strings. -Within -.Em string1 -and -.Em string2 , -a backslash followed by any character other than a newline is that literal -character, and a backslash followed by an ``n'' is replaced by a newline -character. -.Pp -.It [2addr]!function -.It [2addr]!function-list -Apply the function or function-list only to the lines that are -.Em not -selected by the address(es). -.Pp -.It [0addr]:label -This function does nothing; it bears a label to which the -.Dq b -and -.Dq t -commands may branch. -.Pp -.It [1addr]= -Write the line number to the standard output followed by a newline -character. -.Pp -.It [0addr] -Empty lines are ignored. -.Pp -.It [0addr]# -The -.Dq # -and the remainder of the line are ignored (treated as a comment), with -the single exception that if the first two characters in the file are -.Dq #n , -the default output is suppressed. -This is the same as specifying the -.Fl n -option on the command line. -.El -.Sh ENVIRONMENT -The -.Ev COLUMNS , LANG , LC_ALL , LC_CTYPE -and -.Ev LC_COLLATE -environment variables affect the execution of -.Nm -as described in -.Xr environ 7 . -.Sh EXIT STATUS -.Ex -std -.Sh SEE ALSO -.Xr awk 1 , -.Xr ed 1 , -.Xr grep 1 , -.Xr regex 3 , -.Xr re_format 7 -.Sh STANDARDS -The -.Nm -utility is expected to be a superset of the -.St -p1003.2 -specification. -.Pp -The -.Fl E , I , a -and -.Fl i -options, the prefixing -.Dq \&+ -in the second member of an address range, -as well as the -.Dq I -flag to the address regular expression and substitution command are -non-standard -.Fx -extensions and may not be available on other operating systems. -.Sh HISTORY -A -.Nm -command, written by -.An L. E. McMahon , -appeared in -.At v7 . -.Sh AUTHORS -.An "Diomidis D. Spinellis" Aq dds@FreeBSD.org -.Sh BUGS -Multibyte characters containing a byte with value 0x5C -.Tn ( ASCII -.Ql \e ) -may be incorrectly treated as line continuation characters in arguments to the -.Dq a , -.Dq c -and -.Dq i -commands. -Multibyte characters cannot be used as delimiters with the -.Dq s -and -.Dq y -commands. |