path: root/Packages.txt

# $NetBSD: Packages.txt,v 1.1 1997/11/05 09:35:52 hubertf Exp $

		  =======================================
		    An attempt of some documentation on
		       the NetBSD's Packages system
                  =======================================

		      Alistair Crooks, Hubert Feyrer
		       Tue Nov  4 11:20:56 GMT 1997


0. Introduction and Overview
============================

There's an awful lot of freely-available software available, some of
which has also been "ported" to NetBSD.  The NetBSD packages
collection, which is derived from the FreeBSD ports collection,
incorporates any changes necessary to make that software run on
NetBSD, and makes the installation of the package easy by means of a
single command.  De-installation is equally simple.

The NetBSD package system is derived from the FreeBSD ports system. 
It is used to enable third-party software to be built easily on NetBSD
hosts.  Once the software has been built, it is manipulated with the
pkg_* tools so that installation and de-installation is simple, and
inventory printed, and one-line comments and more verbose descriptions
can be retrieved.

this document detailes 4 sections below. They are:

 1. To install packages by building
 2. To make a binary package
 3. To install a binary package
 4. Making your own package

The patient readers are advised to go and read the "guidelines" section of
the FreeBSD handbook
(http://www.freebsd.org/handbook/handbook251.html#porting), which provides
detailed instructions on the construction of a FreeBSD "port".  Impatient
readers are also advised to read that section.  A lot of the information is
this document is taken from that section of the FreeBSD handbook, mostly
without attribution.


1. To install packages by Building
====================================

This assumes that the package is already part of the NetBSD package
system.  If it is not, then you are advised to read section 4 of this
document:  "Making your own package".

Firstly, become root and change into the relevant directory. You can then
type

	make

at the shell prompt to build the various components of the package, and

	make install

at the shell prompt to install the various components into the correct
place on your system.

There is one gotcha:

The distribution file (i.e. the unmodified source) must exist on your
system for the packages system to be able to build it.  If it's not, then
ftp(1) is used to fetch the distribution files automatically.  If you are
sitting behind a firewall, you must specify the relevant proxy hosts to
enable you to talk to other machines on the Internet which are not behind
your firewall.  This is an environment variable in the form of a URL e.g.
in Amdahl, the machine orpheus.amdahl.com is one of our firewalls, and it
uses port 80 as the proxy port number.  So the proxy environment variables
look like:

	ftp_proxy=ftp://orpheus.amdahl.com:80/
	http_proxy=http://orpheus.amdahl.com:80/

Taking the top system utility as an example, we can install it on
our system by building as shown in the typescript below:

> Script started on Fri Oct  3 13:22:31 1997
> root@pumpy:/u/pkgsrc/sysutils/top(1342)# make
> >> top-3.5beta5.tar.gz doesn't seem to exist on this system.
> >> Attempting to fetch from ftp://ftp.groupsys.com/pub/top/.
> Requesting ftp://ftp.groupsys.com/pub/top/top-3.5beta5.tar.gz (via ftp://orpheus.amdahl.com:80/)
> Successfully retrieved file.
> >> Checksum OK for top-3.5beta5.tar.gz.
> ===>  Extracting for top-3.5beta5
> ===>  Patching for top-3.5beta5
> ===>  Applying NetBSD patches for top-3.5beta5
> ===>  Configuring for top-3.5beta5
> /bin/cp /u/pkgsrc/sysutils/top/files/defaults /u/pkgsrc/sysutils/top/work/top-3.5beta5/.defaults
> chmod a-x /u/pkgsrc/sysutils/top/work/top-3.5beta5/install
> 
> Reading configuration from last time...
> 
> Using these settings:
>         Bourne Shell   /bin/sh
>           C compiler   cc
>     Compiler options   -DHAVE_GETOPT -O
>          Awk command   awk
>      Install command   /usr/bin/install
> 
>               Module   netbsd13
>              LoadMax   5.0
>         Default TOPN   -1
>         Nominal TOPN   18
>        Default Delay   2
> Random passwd access   yes
>           Table Size   47
>                Owner   root
>          Group Owner   kmem
>                 Mode   2755
>        bin directory   $(PREFIX)/bin
>        man directory   $(PREFIX)/man/man1
>        man extension   1
>        man style       man
> 
> Building Makefile...
> Building top.local.h...
> Building top.1...
> Doing a "make clean".
> rm -f *.o top core core.* sigdesc.h
> To create the executable, type "make".
> To install the executable, type "make install".
> ===>  Building for top-3.5beta5
> cc -DHAVE_GETOPT -DORDER -DHAVE_GETOPT -O  -c top.c
> awk -f sigconv.awk /usr/include/sys/signal.h >sigdesc.h
> cc -DHAVE_GETOPT -DORDER -DHAVE_GETOPT -O  -c commands.c
> cc -DHAVE_GETOPT -DORDER -DHAVE_GETOPT -O  -c display.c
> cc -DHAVE_GETOPT -DORDER -DHAVE_GETOPT -O  -c screen.c
> cc -DHAVE_GETOPT -DORDER -DHAVE_GETOPT -O  -c username.c
> cc -DHAVE_GETOPT -DORDER -DHAVE_GETOPT -O  -c utils.c
> utils.c: In function `errmsg':
> utils.c:348: warning: return discards `const' from pointer target type
> cc -DHAVE_GETOPT -DORDER -DHAVE_GETOPT -O  -c version.c
> cc -DHAVE_GETOPT -DORDER -DHAVE_GETOPT -O  -c getopt.c
> cc "-DOSREV=12G" -DHAVE_GETOPT -DORDER -DHAVE_GETOPT -O -c machine.c
> rm -f top
> cc -o top top.o commands.o display.o screen.o username.o  utils.o version.o getopt.o machine.o -ltermcap -lm -lkvm
> root@pumpy:/u/pkgsrc/sysutils/top(1343)# make install
> >> Checksum OK for top-3.5beta5.tar.gz.
> ===>  Installing for top-3.5beta5
> /usr/bin/install -o root -m 2755 -g kmem top /usr/pkg/bin
> /usr/bin/install top.1 /usr/pkg/man/man1/top.1
> strip /usr/pkg/bin/top
> ===>  Registering installation for top-3.5beta5
> root@pumpy:/u/pkgsrc/sysutils/top(1344)# 

As you can see, the package is installed under the default root of
the packages tree - /usr/pkg. Should this not conform to your tastes,
simply set the PREFIX variable in your environment, and it will use that
value as the root of your packages tree. So, to use /usr/local, set

	PREFIX=/usr/local

in your environment.


2. To make a binary package
===========================

Once you have built and installed the package mentioned in section 1
above, you can build it into a "binary package" - you might want to do
this so that you can use the binaries you have just built on another
NetBSD system, or to provide a simple means for others to use your
binary package - this is done by changing to the appropriate directory
in the pkgsrc tree, and typing the command

	make package

at the shell prompt.  This will build and install your package, and
then construct a binary package out of the results so that you can use
the pkg_* tools to manipulate this. At the present time, this binary
package is in the form of a gzipped tar file.

> root@pumpy:/u/pkgsrc/sysutils/top(1344)# make package
> >> Checksum OK for top-3.5beta5.tar.gz.
> ===>  Building package for top-3.5beta5
> Creating package top-3.5beta5.tgz
> Registering depends:.
> Creating gzip'd tar ball in '/u/pkgsrc/sysutils/top/top-3.5beta5.tgz'
> root@pumpy:/u/pkgsrc/sysutils/top(1345)#


3. Installing a binary package
==============================

To install a binary package on a NetBSD system, you should use the
pkg_add(1) command.  Please pay very careful attention to the warnings
expressed in that manual page about the inherent dangers of installing
binary packages which you did not create yourself, and the security
holes that can be introduced onto your system by indiscriminate adding
of such files.

Any packages needed to run the package in question will be installed too,
assuming they are present on your system.


4. Making your own package
==========================

This section should also be known as "How to make files for a pkgsrc
directory."


4.1 Category

Firstly, you should consider into which category your software falls. 
The NetBSD package collection is divided into categories.  At the time
of writing, these categories are:

  archivers
  astro
  audio
  benchmarks
  cad
  chinese
  comms
  converters
  databases
  devel
  editors
  emulators
  games
  german
  graphics
  japanese
  korean
  lang
  mail
  math
  mbone
  misc
  net
  news
  plan9
  print
  russian
  security
  shells
  sysutils
  textproc
  vietnamese
  www
  x11

It is possible that your package may fall into more than one category
- in that case, you should pick the one most likely to describe your
software.  After all, that is the place that most people will look for
it, and so you have more chance of other people using it if you
describe it properly.


4.2 A package's directory and its component directories and files

4.2.1 Makefile

The building, installation, and creation of a binary package are all
controlled by the package's Makefile.

There's a Makefile for each package.  This file includes the standard
<bsd.port.mk> file, which sets all the definitions and actions necessary
for the package to compile and install itself. The mandatory fields are the
DISTNAME, which specifies the base name of the distribution file which will
be downloaded from the site on the Internet, MASTER_SITES which specifies
that site, CATEGORIES which denotes the categories into which the package
falls, PKGNAME which is the name of the package, and the MAINTAINER name.
This is so that anyone who quibbles with the (always completely correct)
decisions taken by the guy who maintains the port can complain vigorously.
(Actually, in my experience, the FreeBSD maintainers have all been very
responsive.)

See /usr/share/mk/bsd.port.mk for a description of all available options. 


4.2.2 The files directory

If you have any files that you wish to be placed in the package prior to
configuration or building, you could place these files here, and use a cp
command in the pre-configure target to achieve this.  Alternatively, you
could simply diff the file against /dev/null, and use the patch mechanism
to manage the creation of this file.

Besides that, this directory contains the (mandatory) md5 checksome of all
the distfiles need for the package to compile. 


4.2.2.1 The files/md5 file

This file contains an md5 checksum of the distribution file(s).  It can be
generated by hand using the md5(1) command.  An md5 checksum is kept on
most ports to ensure that the file retrieved from the Internet has not been
altered by a malign force to introduce a security hole.  The file contains
the md5 checksum of the original distribution file used to create the
NetBSD package, from which any patches were generated etc.

(I usually create this by doing

	md5 <dist-file> > files/md5

and then manually editing the name of the file to delete any directory
names)


4.2.3 The patches directory

This directory contains files that are used by the patch(1) command to
modify the sources as distributed in the distribution file, into a form
that will compile and run perfectly on NetBSD.  The files are applied
successively, in alphabetic order (as returned by a shell "patches/patch-*"
glob expansion), so patch-aa is applied before patch-ab etc.

The patch-?? files should be in diff -u format.  This is because the
FreeBSD ports tsar finds this format easier to read than context diffs, and
so you have more chance of getting your NetBSD package accepted as part of
the FreeBSD ports system if you format your diffs in a unified fashion.


4.2.4 The pkg directory

This directory contains three files used to manage the creation of
binary packages.  Files from this directory are used in the binary
package itself, and will thus be installed on other machines, so you
should be aware that there is a wider audience than you might think
for your comments and witticisms.


4.2.4.1 The pkg/COMMENT file

A one-line description of the piece of software. There is no need
to mention the package's name - this will automatically be added by
the pkg_* tools when they are invoked.


4.2.4.2 The pkg/DESCR file

A multi-line description of the piece of software.  This should
include any credits where they are due.  Please bear in mind that
others do not share your sense of humour (or spelling idiosyncracies),
and that others will read everything that you write here.


4.2.4.3 The pkg/PLIST file

This file governs the files that are installed on your system: all the
binaries, manual pages, etc. There are other directives which may be
entered in this file, to control the creation and deletion of directories,
and the location of inserted files.  


4.2.5 The scripts directory

This directory contains any files that are necessary for configuration
of your software, etc.


4.2.6 The work directory

When you type "make" the distribution files are unpacked into this
directory.  It can be removed by typing

	make clean

at the shell prompt.


4.3 CPP definitions

To port an application to NetBSD, it's usually necessary for the
compiler to be able to judge the system on which it's compiling,
and we use definitions so that the C pre-processor can do this.

The really impatient should just note that a number of the FreeBSD
ports (which are called packages in the NetBSD world) rely on the CPP
definition __FreeBSD__.  I believe that this should be used sparingly,
for FreeBSD-specific features, but unfortunately this is not always
the case.  A number also rely on the fact that the CPU type is an
Intel-based little-endian CPU.

To test whether you are working on a 4.4 BSD-derived system, you
should use the BSD definition, which is defined in <sys/param.h> on
said systems.  Unfortunately, it may not always be appropriate to
include that header file without checking whether it's available -

        #ifdef (defined(__unix__) || defined(unix)) && !defined(USG)
        #include <sys/param.h>
        #endif

and then you can surround the BSD-specific parts of your port using
the conditional:

	#if (defined(BSD) && BSD >= 199306)
	...
	#endif

Please use the __NetBSD__ definition sparingly - it should only apply
to features of NetBSD that are not present in other 4.4-lite derived
BSDs.

You should also avoid defining __FreeBSD__=1 and then simply using the
FreeBSD port, if only from an aesthetic viewpoint (see section 4.4,
FreeBSD ports).


4.4 FreeBSD ports

It's quite possible that a FreeBSD port exists for the piece of
software you're trying to build on NetBSD.  If that is the case, it's
very possible that the FreeBSD port will work on NetBSD.  However,
check that the person who ported the software to FreeBSD has not
played fast and loose with the __FreeBSD__ cpp definition without good
cause - a simple way to do this is to do

	grep -i freebsd patches/patch-??

in the package directory.


4.5 Idiosyncracies

4.5.1 If your package uses GNU autoconf

> GNU_CONFIGURE= yes

Note that this appends --prefix=${PREFIX} to CONFIGURE_ARGS, so you
don't have to do that yourself, and this may not be what you want.


4.5.2 If your package uses imake or xmkmf

> USE_IMAKE= yes


4.5.3 You don't have to have a patches directory if you don't have any
patches, but it won't hurt you either.


4.5.4 If your package uses a different distribution method from
.tar.gz:  take a look at the packages for sam, which uses a gzipped
shell archive (shar), but the quick solution is to set EXTRACT_SUFX to
the name after the DIST_NAME field, and
> EXTRACT_SUFX=   .msg.gz
> EXTRACT_CMD=            zcat
> EXTRACT_BEFORE_ARGS=
> EXTRACT_AFTER_ARGS=     |sh


4.5.5 Your package doesn't create a subdirectory for itself (like GNU
software does, for instance), but extracts itself in the current directory:
see sam again, but the quick answer is:
> NO_WRKSUBDIR=   yes


4.5.6 Your package uses a weird Configure script:
See the top package, but the quick answer is
> HAS_CONFIGURE=          yes
> CONFIGURE_SCRIPT=       Configure
> CONFIGURE_ARGS=	netbsd13


4.5.7 Your package has an HTTP URL:
No problem, see the libutf and mysql packages, just use the http URL
and ftp(1) will handle it.
> MASTER_SITES=   http://www.tcx.se/ \
>                 http://www.buoy.com/mysql/ \
>                 http://web.tryc.on.ca/mysql/ \
>                 http://mysql.staufen.de/ \
>                 http://mysql.acer.net/


4.5.8 Your package builds in a different directory from its base DIST_NAME:
see tcl and tk packages:
> WRKSRC=         ${WRKDIR}/${DISTNAME}/unix


4.5.9 Your package needs to specify a different PREFIX: This can be fraught
with danger if you're using GNU configure, as (see 4.5.1)
--prefix=${PREFIX} is automatically appended to CONFIGURE_ARGS.  SO take a
look at mit-pthreads, omit GNU_CONFIGURE=yes, use HAS_CONFIGURE=yes, and
manually add the modified PREFIX to CONFIGURE_ARGS yourself:
> HAS_CONFIGURE= yes
> CONFIGURE_ARGS += ${PREFIX}/dirname


4.6 A worked example

I checked to find a piece of software that isn't in the FreeBSD ports
collection, and picked GNU bison.  Quite why someone would want to
have bison when Berkeley yacc is already present in the tree is beyond
me, but it's useful for the purposes of this exercise.

> root@pumpy:/u/pkgsrc/lang(1765)# cd /usr/pkgsrc/lang
> root@pumpy:/u/pkgsrc/lang(1765)# mkdir bison
> root@pumpy:/u/pkgsrc/lang(1766)# cd bison
> root@pumpy:/u/pkgsrc/lang/bison(1767)# cat > Makefile << EOF
> # <NetBSD RCS Id>
> # New ports collection makefile for:    bison
> # Version required:     1.25
> # Date created:         1 October 1997
> # Whom:                 agc@netbsd.org
> #
> #
>  
> DISTNAME=       bison-1.25
> CATEGORIES=     lang
> MASTER_SITES=   ${MASTER_SITE_GNU}
>  
> GNU_CONFIGURE=  yes
> MAN1=           bison.1
>  
> .include <bsd.port.mk>
> EOF
> root@pumpy:/u/pkgsrc/lang/bison(1768)# mkdir files patches pkg
> root@pumpy:/u/pkgsrc/lang/bison(1769)# make fetch
> >> bison-1.25.tar.gz doesn't seem to exist on this system.
> >> Attempting to fetch from ftp://prep.ai.mit.edu/pub/gnu//.
> Requesting ftp://prep.ai.mit.edu/pub/gnu//bison-1.25.tar.gz (via ftp://orpheus.amdahl.com:80/)
> ftp: Error retrieving file: 500 Internal error
>  
> >> Attempting to fetch from ftp://wuarchive.wustl.edu/systems/gnu//.
> Requesting ftp://wuarchive.wustl.edu/systems/gnu//bison-1.25.tar.gz (via ftp://orpheus.amdahl.com:80/)
> ftp: Error retrieving file: 500 Internal error
>  
> >> Attempting to fetch from ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/distfiles//.
> Requesting ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/distfiles//bison-1.25.tar.gz (via ftp://orpheus.amdahl.com:80/)
> Successfully retrieved file.
> root@pumpy:/u/pkgsrc/lang/bison(1770)# md5 /usr/pkgsrc/distfiles/bison-1.25.tar.gz | sed -e 's;/usr/pkgsrc/distfiles/;;' > files/md5
> root@pumpy:/u/pkgsrc/lang/bison(1771)# cat > pkg/COMMENT << EOF
> GNU yacc clone.
> EOF
> root@pumpy:/u/pkgsrc/lang/bison(1772)# cat > pkg/DESCR << EOF
> GNU version of yacc.  Can make re-entrant parsers, and numerous other
> improvements.  Why you would want this when Berkeley yacc(1) is part
> of the NetBSD source tree is beyond me.
>  
> Alistair Crooks (agc@netbsd.org)
>  
> EOF
> root@pumpy:/u/pkgsrc/lang/bison(1773)# cat > pkg/PLIST << EOF
> bin/bison
> EOF
> root@pumpy:/u/pkgsrc/lang/bison(1777)# make
> >> Checksum OK for bison-1.25.tar.gz.
> ===>  Extracting for bison-1.25
> ===>  Patching for bison-1.25
> ===>   Ignoring empty patch directory
> ===>  Configuring for bison-1.25
> creating cache ./config.cache
> checking for gcc... cc
> checking whether we are using GNU C... yes
> checking for a BSD compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c -o bin -g bin
> checking how to run the C preprocessor... cc -E
> checking for minix/config.h... no
> checking for POSIXized ISC... no
> checking whether cross-compiling... no
> checking for ANSI C header files... yes
> checking for string.h... yes
> checking for stdlib.h... yes
> checking for memory.h... yes
> checking for working const... yes
> checking for working alloca.h... no
> checking for alloca... yes
> checking for strerror... yes
> updating cache ./config.cache
> creating ./config.status
> creating Makefile
> ===>  Building for bison-1.25
> cc -c -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_ALLOCA=1 -DHAVE_STRERROR=1 -I./../include  -g LR0.c
> cc -c -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_ALLOCA=1 -DHAVE_STRERROR=1 -I./../include  -g allocate.c
> cc -c -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_ALLOCA=1 -DHAVE_STRERROR=1 -I./../include  -g closure.c
> cc -c -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_ALLOCA=1 -DHAVE_STRERROR=1 -I./../include  -g conflicts.c
> cc -c -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_ALLOCA=1 -DHAVE_STRERROR=1 -I./../include  -g derives.c
> cc -c -DXPFILE=\"/usr/pkg/share/bison.simple\"  -DXPFILE1=\"/usr/pkg/share/bison.hairy\" -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_ALLOCA=1 -DHAVE_STRERROR=1  -g  ./files.c 
> cc -c -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_ALLOCA=1 -DHAVE_STRERROR=1 -I./../include  -g getargs.c
> cc -c -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_ALLOCA=1 -DHAVE_STRERROR=1 -I./../include  -g gram.c
> cc -c -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_ALLOCA=1 -DHAVE_STRERROR=1 -I./../include  -g lalr.c
> cc -c -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_ALLOCA=1 -DHAVE_STRERROR=1 -I./../include  -g lex.c
> cc -c -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_ALLOCA=1 -DHAVE_STRERROR=1 -I./../include  -g main.c
> cc -c -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_ALLOCA=1 -DHAVE_STRERROR=1 -I./../include  -g nullable.c
> cc -c -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_ALLOCA=1 -DHAVE_STRERROR=1 -I./../include  -g output.c
> cc -c -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_ALLOCA=1 -DHAVE_STRERROR=1 -I./../include  -g print.c
> cc -c -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_ALLOCA=1 -DHAVE_STRERROR=1 -I./../include  -g reader.c
> cc -c -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_ALLOCA=1 -DHAVE_STRERROR=1 -I./../include  -g reduce.c
> cc -c -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_ALLOCA=1 -DHAVE_STRERROR=1 -I./../include  -g symtab.c
> cc -c -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_ALLOCA=1 -DHAVE_STRERROR=1 -I./../include  -g warshall.c
> cc -c -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_ALLOCA=1 -DHAVE_STRERROR=1 -I./../include  -g version.c
> cc -c -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_ALLOCA=1 -DHAVE_STRERROR=1 -I./../include  -g getopt.c
> cc -c -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_ALLOCA=1 -DHAVE_STRERROR=1 -I./../include  -g getopt1.c
> cc  -g -o bison LR0.o allocate.o closure.o conflicts.o derives.o files.o         getargs.o gram.o lalr.o lex.o                                   main.o nullable.o output.o print.o reader.o reduce.o symtab.o   warshall.o version.o                                            getopt.o getopt1.o  
> ./files.c:240: warning: mktemp() possibly used unsafely, consider using mkstemp()
> rm -f bison.s1
> sed -e "/^#line/ s|bison|/usr/pkg/share/bison|" < ./bison.simple > bison.s1
> root@pumpy:/u/pkgsrc/lang/bison(1785)# make install
> >> Checksum OK for bison-1.25.tar.gz.
> ===>  Installing for bison-1.25
> sh ./mkinstalldirs /usr/pkg/bin /usr/pkg/share  /usr/pkg/info /usr/pkg/man/man1
> rm -f /usr/pkg/bin/bison
> cd /usr/pkg/share; rm -f bison.simple bison.hairy
> rm -f /usr/pkg/man/man1/bison.1 /usr/pkg/info/bison.info*
> install -c  -o bin -g bin -m 555 bison /usr/pkg/bin/bison
> /usr/bin/install -c -o bin -g bin -m 644 bison.s1 /usr/pkg/share/bison.simple
> /usr/bin/install -c -o bin -g bin -m 644 ./bison.hairy /usr/pkg/share/bison.hairy
> cd .; for f in bison.info*;  do /usr/bin/install -c -o bin -g bin -m 644 $f /usr/pkg/info/$f; done
> /usr/bin/install -c -o bin -g bin -m 644 ./bison.1 /usr/pkg/man/man1/bison.1
> ===>  Registering installation for bison-1.25
> root@pumpy:/u/pkgsrc/lang/bison(1786)# make package
> >> Checksum OK for bison-1.25.tar.gz.
> ===>  Building package for bison-1.25
> Creating package bison-1.25.tgz
> Registering depends:.
> Creating gzip'd tar ball in '/u/pkgsrc/lang/bison/bison-1.25.tgz'
> root@pumpy:/u/pkgsrc/lang/bison(1787)# make clean
> ===>  Cleaning for bison-1.25
> root@pumpy:/u/pkgsrc/lang/bison(1788)# 

Finally, please tar up and gzip the package directory (without the
binary package) and mail it to me (agc@netbsd.org), remembering to
uuencode it first.


4.7 Gotchas

Whenever you're preparing a port from the FreeBSD collection or doing it
from scratch, there's a number of points to take care for in order to get
everything done propperly. Here is an attempt of list of all these
gotchas. 

4.7.1 Makefile

 - Add MANCOMPRESSED (if not already there), see comment in bsd.port.mk
 - Update MAN?; important for manpages being compressed correctly if MANZ
   is set
 - Replace /usr/local by ${PREFIX} in all Files but Makefiles (see patches
   below) 

4.7.2 pkg/PLIST

 - If there's a "@exec ldconfig ...", add an "@unexec ldconfig ...", so the
   hints-file for ld.so doesn't grow without end.
 - Add any missing @dirrm statements

4.7.3 Debugging

To check out all these gotchas, here are the steps that I do in order to
get a package working (Please note this is basically the same as above,
only with some debugging aids ;):

 - Look at Makefile, fix if necessary
 - Look at patches, remember if not appropriate
 - have a look at pkg/PLIST
 - make
 - If something's not ok, fix; for patches: fix the file, then re-generate
   the diff: 'diff foo foo.orig >../../patches/patch-xx' (mv patch-xx
   patch-xx.orig before); If there's no foo.orig from a previous patch, be
   sure to have an old version of the file somewhere; re-iterate :)
 - If all builds ok: touch /tmp/bla
 - make install
 - find /usr/pkg/ /usr/X11R6/ -newer /tmp/bla >/tmp/x
 - pkg_delete blub
 - find /usr/pkg/ /usr/X11R6/ -newer /tmp/bla: if this brings up any files,
   they are missing pkg/PLIST; add them.
 - Compare pkg/PLIST against /tmp/x, fix the further one
 - make reinstall && make package
 - pkg_delete blub
 - find /usr/pkg/ /usr/X11R6/ -type f -newer /tmp/bla shouldn't find anything
   now
 - pkg_add .../blub.tgz
 - Play with it :)
 - pkg_delete - still no file should be left (re-run above find)
 - submit :)