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Diffstat (limited to 'docs/manual/sections.html.en')
| -rw-r--r-- | docs/manual/sections.html.en | 274 |
1 files changed, 154 insertions, 120 deletions
diff --git a/docs/manual/sections.html.en b/docs/manual/sections.html.en index 4fd7faad..c5d641f6 100644 --- a/docs/manual/sections.html.en +++ b/docs/manual/sections.html.en @@ -8,10 +8,13 @@ <title>Configuration Sections - Apache HTTP Server</title> <link href="./style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" /> <link href="./style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" /> -<link href="./style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" /> +<link href="./style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" /><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./style/css/prettify.css" /> +<script src="./style/scripts/prettify.js" type="text/javascript"> +</script> + <link href="./images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head> <body id="manual-page"><div id="page-header"> -<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p> +<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/FAQ">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p> <p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4</p> <img alt="" src="./images/feather.gif" /></div> <div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="./images/left.gif" /></a></div> @@ -35,8 +38,8 @@ to change the scope of other configuration directives.</p> <li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#virtualhost">Virtual Hosts</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#proxy">Proxy</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#whatwhere">What Directives are Allowed?</a></li> -<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#mergin">How the sections are merged</a></li> -</ul></div> +<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#merging">How the sections are merged</a></li> +</ul><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="#comments_section">Comments</a></li></ul></div> <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div> <div class="section"> <h2><a name="types" id="types">Types of Configuration Section Containers</a></h2> @@ -59,11 +62,12 @@ with the following configuration, all requests will be redirected to another site only if the server is started using <code>httpd -DClosedForNow</code>:</p> -<div class="example"><p><code> -<IfDefine ClosedForNow><br /> -Redirect / http://otherserver.example.com/<br /> +<pre class="prettyprint lang-config"> +<IfDefine ClosedForNow> + Redirect / http://otherserver.example.com/ </IfDefine> -</code></p></div> +</pre> + <p>The <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#ifmodule"><IfModule></a></code> directive is very similar, except it encloses directives that will @@ -79,11 +83,12 @@ about missing modules.</p> <p>In the following example, the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_mime_magic.html#mimemagicfile">MimeMagicFile</a></code> directive will be applied only if <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_mime_magic.html">mod_mime_magic</a></code> is available.</p> -<div class="example"><p><code> -<IfModule mod_mime_magic.c><br /> -MimeMagicFile conf/magic<br /> +<pre class="prettyprint lang-config"> +<IfModule mod_mime_magic.c> + MimeMagicFile conf/magic </IfModule> -</code></p></div> +</pre> + <p>The <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_version.html#ifversion"><IfVersion></a></code> directive is very similar to <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#ifdefine"><IfDefine></a></code> and <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#ifmodule"><IfModule></a></code>, except it encloses directives that will @@ -91,14 +96,13 @@ only be applied if a particular version of the server is executing. This module is designed for the use in test suites and large networks which have to deal with different httpd versions and different configurations.</p> -<div class="example"><p><code> - <IfVersion >= 2.1><br /> - <span class="indent"> - # this happens only in versions greater or<br /> - # equal 2.1.0.<br /> - </span> - </IfVersion> -</code></p></div> +<pre class="prettyprint lang-config"> +<IfVersion >= 2.4> + # this happens only in versions greater or + # equal 2.4.0. +</IfVersion> +</pre> + <p><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#ifdefine"><IfDefine></a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#ifmodule"><IfModule></a></code>, and the @@ -140,11 +144,12 @@ The same effect can be obtained using <a href="howto/htaccess.html">.htaccess fi following configuration, directory indexes will be enabled for the <code>/var/web/dir1</code> directory and all subdirectories.</p> -<div class="example"><p><code> -<Directory /var/web/dir1><br /> -Options +Indexes<br /> +<pre class="prettyprint lang-config"> +<Directory /var/web/dir1> + Options +Indexes </Directory> -</code></p></div> +</pre> + <p>Directives enclosed in a <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#files"><Files></a></code> section apply to any file with the specified name, regardless of what directory it lies in. @@ -153,12 +158,12 @@ when placed in the main section of the configuration file, deny access to any file named <code>private.html</code> regardless of where it is found.</p> -<div class="example"><p><code> -<Files private.html><br /> -Order allow,deny<br /> -Deny from all<br /> +<pre class="prettyprint lang-config"> +<Files private.html> + Require all denied </Files> -</code></p></div> +</pre> + <p>To address files found in a particular part of the filesystem, the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#files"><Files></a></code> and @@ -170,14 +175,14 @@ access to <code>/var/web/dir1/private.html</code>, of <code>private.html</code> found under the <code>/var/web/dir1/</code> directory.</p> -<div class="example"><p><code> -<Directory /var/web/dir1><br /> -<Files private.html><br /> -Order allow,deny<br /> -Deny from all<br /> -</Files><br /> +<pre class="prettyprint lang-config"> +<Directory /var/web/dir1> + <Files private.html> + Require all denied + </Files> </Directory> -</code></p></div> +</pre> + <h3><a name="webspace" id="webspace">Webspace Containers</a></h3> @@ -193,12 +198,12 @@ In particular, it will apply to requests for <code>http://yoursite.example.com/private/dir/file.html</code> as well as any other requests starting with the <code>/private</code> string.</p> -<div class="example"><p><code> -<LocationMatch ^/private><br /> -Order Allow,Deny<br /> -Deny from all<br /> +<pre class="prettyprint lang-config"> +<LocationMatch ^/private> + Require all denied </Location> -</code></p></div> +</pre> + <p>The <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#location"><Location></a></code> directive need not have anything to do with the filesystem. @@ -207,35 +212,39 @@ URL to an internal Apache HTTP Server handler provided by <code class="module">< No file called <code>server-status</code> needs to exist in the filesystem.</p> -<div class="example"><p><code> -<Location /server-status><br /> -SetHandler server-status<br /> +<pre class="prettyprint lang-config"> +<Location /server-status> + SetHandler server-status </Location> -</code></p></div> +</pre> + <h3><a name="overlapping-webspace" id="overlapping-webspace">Overlapping Webspace</a></h3> <p>In order to have two overlapping URLs one has to consider the order in which certain sections or directives are evaluated. For <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#location"><Location></a></code> this would be:</p> -<div class="example"><p><code> -<Location /foo><br /> -</Location><br /> -<Location /foo/bar><br /> +<pre class="prettyprint lang-config"> +<Location /foo> +</Location> +<Location /foo/bar> </Location> -</code></p></div> +</pre> + <p><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_alias.html#alias"><Alias></a></code>es on the other hand, are mapped vice-versa:</p> -<div class="example"><p><code> -Alias /foo/bar /srv/www/uncommon/bar<br /> -Alias /foo /srv/www/common/foo<br /> -</code></p></div> +<pre class="prettyprint lang-config"> +Alias /foo/bar /srv/www/uncommon/bar +Alias /foo /srv/www/common/foo +</pre> + <p>The same is true for the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy.html#proxypass">ProxyPass</a></code> directives:</p> -<div class="example"><p><code> -ProxyPass /special-area http://special.example.com smax=5 max=10<br /> +<pre class="prettyprint lang-config"> +ProxyPass /special-area http://special.example.com smax=5 max=10 ProxyPass / balancer://mycluster/ stickysession=JSESSIONID|jsessionid nofailover=On -</code></p></div> +</pre> + <h3><a name="wildcards" id="wildcards">Wildcards and Regular Expressions</a></h3> @@ -261,20 +270,21 @@ how directives are applied.</p> <p>A non-regex wildcard section that changes the configuration of all user directories could look as follows:</p> -<div class="example"><p><code> -<Directory /home/*/public_html><br /> -Options Indexes<br /> +<pre class="prettyprint lang-config"> +<Directory /home/*/public_html> + Options Indexes </Directory> -</code></p></div> +</pre> + <p>Using regex sections, we can deny access to many types of image files at once:</p> -<div class="example"><p><code> -<FilesMatch \.(?i:gif|jpe?g|png)$><br /> -Order allow,deny<br /> -Deny from all<br /> +<pre class="prettyprint lang-config"> +<FilesMatch \.(?i:gif|jpe?g|png)$> + Require all denied </FilesMatch> -</code></p></div> +</pre> + @@ -284,11 +294,12 @@ directive change the configuration depending on a condition which can be expressed by a boolean expression. For example, the following configuration denies access if the HTTP Referer header does not start with "http://www.example.com/".</p> -<div class="example"><p><code> -<If "!(%{HTTP_REFERER} -strmatch 'http://www.example.com/*')"><br /> -Require all denied<br /> +<pre class="prettyprint lang-config"> +<If "!(%{HTTP_REFERER} -strmatch 'http://www.example.com/*')"> + Require all denied </If> -</code></p></div> +</pre> + @@ -306,12 +317,12 @@ different webspace locations (URLs) could map to the same filesystem location, allowing your restrictions to be circumvented. For example, consider the following configuration:</p> -<div class="example"><p><code> -<Location /dir/><br /> -Order allow,deny<br /> -Deny from all<br /> +<pre class="prettyprint lang-config"> +<Location /dir/> + Require all denied </Location> -</code></p></div> +</pre> + <p>This works fine if the request is for <code>http://yoursite.example.com/dir/</code>. But what if you are on @@ -371,12 +382,12 @@ that match the specified URL. For example, the following configuration will prevent the proxy server from being used to access the <code>www.example.com</code> website.</p> -<div class="example"><p><code> -<Proxy http://www.example.com/*><br /> -Order allow,deny<br /> -Deny from all<br /> +<pre class="prettyprint lang-config"> +<Proxy http://www.example.com/*> + Require all granted </Proxy> -</code></p></div> +</pre> + </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div> <div class="section"> <h2><a name="whatwhere" id="whatwhere">What Directives are Allowed?</a></h2> @@ -411,7 +422,7 @@ sections.</li> </ul> </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div> <div class="section"> -<h2><a name="mergin" id="mergin">How the sections are merged</a></h2> +<h2><a name="merging" id="merging">How the sections are merged</a></h2> <p>The configuration sections are applied in a very particular order. Since this can have important effects on how configuration directives @@ -461,7 +472,7 @@ are interpreted, it is important to understand how this works.</p> order.</p> <p>Later sections override earlier ones, however each module is responsible - for interpeting what form this override takes. A later configuration section + for interpreting what form this override takes. A later configuration section with directives from a given module might cause a conceptual "merge" of some directives, all directives, or a complete replacement of the modules configuration with the module defaults and directives explicitly listed in @@ -484,49 +495,51 @@ merging. Assuming they all apply to the request, the directives in this example will be applied in the order A > B > C > D > E.</p> -<div class="example"><p><code> -<Location /><br /> -E<br /> -</Location><br /> -<br /> -<Files f.html><br /> -D<br /> -</Files><br /> -<br /> -<VirtualHost *><br /> -<Directory /a/b><br /> -B<br /> -</Directory><br /> -</VirtualHost><br /> -<br /> -<DirectoryMatch "^.*b$"><br /> -C<br /> -</DirectoryMatch><br /> -<br /> -<Directory /a/b><br /> -A<br /> -</Directory><br /> -<br /> -</code></p></div> +<pre class="prettyprint lang-config"> +<Location /> + E +</Location> + +<Files f.html> + D +</Files> + +<VirtualHost *> +<Directory /a/b> + B +</Directory> +</VirtualHost> + +<DirectoryMatch "^.*b$"> + C +</DirectoryMatch> + +<Directory /a/b> + A +</Directory> + +</pre> + <p>For a more concrete example, consider the following. Regardless of any access restrictions placed in <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code> sections, the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#location"><Location></a></code> section will be evaluated last and will allow unrestricted access to the server. In other words, order of merging is important, so be careful!</p> -<div class="example"><p><code> -<Location /><br /> -Order deny,allow<br /> -Allow from all<br /> -</Location><br /> -<br /> -# Woops! This <Directory> section will have no effect<br /> -<Directory /><br /> -Order allow,deny<br /> -Allow from all<br /> -Deny from badguy.example.com<br /> +<pre class="prettyprint lang-config"> +<Location /> + Require all granted +</Location> + +# Woops! This <Directory> section will have no effect +<Directory /> + <RequireAll> + Require all granted + Require not host badguy.example.com + </RequireAll> </Directory> -</code></p></div> +</pre> + @@ -537,7 +550,28 @@ Deny from badguy.example.com<br /> <a href="./ja/sections.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> | <a href="./ko/sections.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a> | <a href="./tr/sections.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="Türkçe"> tr </a></p> -</div><div id="footer"> +</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img src="./images/up.gif" alt="top" /></a></div><div class="section"><h2><a id="comments_section" name="comments_section">Comments</a></h2><div class="warning"><strong>Notice:</strong><br />This is not a Q&A section. Comments placed here should be pointed towards suggestions on improving the documentation or server, and may be removed again by our moderators if they are either implemented or considered invalid/off-topic. Questions on how to manage the Apache HTTP Server should be directed at either our IRC channel, #httpd, on Freenode, or sent to our <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/lists.html">mailing lists</a>.</div> +<script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!-- +var comments_shortname = 'httpd'; +var comments_identifier = 'http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/sections.html'; +(function(w, d) { + if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "httpd.apache.org") { + d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><\/div>'); + var s = d.createElement('script'); + s.type = 'text/javascript'; + s.async = true; + s.src = 'https://comments.apache.org/show_comments.lua?site=' + comments_shortname + '&page=' + comments_identifier; + (d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(s); + } + else { + d.write('<div id="comments_thread">Comments are disabled for this page at the moment.<\/div>'); + } +})(window, document); +//--><!]]></script></div><div id="footer"> <p class="apache">Copyright 2012 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p> -<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div> +<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/FAQ">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!-- +if (typeof(prettyPrint) !== 'undefined') { + prettyPrint(); +} +//--><!]]></script> </body></html>
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