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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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<title>mod_dir - Apache HTTP Server</title>
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<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/FAQ">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4</p>
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<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="../">Version 2.4</a> > <a href="./">Modules</a></div>
<div id="page-content">
<div id="preamble"><h1>Apache Module mod_dir</h1>
<div class="toplang">
<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_dir.html" title="English"> en </a> |
<a href="../fr/mod/mod_dir.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a> |
<a href="../ja/mod/mod_dir.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
<a href="../ko/mod/mod_dir.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a> |
<a href="../tr/mod/mod_dir.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="Türkçe"> tr </a></p>
</div>
<table class="module"><tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Provides for "trailing slash" redirects and
serving directory index files</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#ModuleIdentifier">Module Identifier:</a></th><td>dir_module</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#SourceFile">Source File:</a></th><td>mod_dir.c</td></tr></table>
<h3>Summary</h3>
<p>The index of a directory can come from one of two sources:</p>
<ul>
<li>A file written by the user, typically called
<code>index.html</code>. The <code class="directive"><a href="#directoryindex">DirectoryIndex</a></code> directive sets the
name of this file. This is controlled by
<code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_dir.html">mod_dir</a></code>.</li>
<li>Otherwise, a listing generated by the server. This is
provided by <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_autoindex.html">mod_autoindex</a></code>.</li>
</ul>
<p>The two functions are separated so that you can completely
remove (or replace) automatic index generation should you want
to.</p>
<p>A "trailing slash" redirect is issued when the server
receives a request for a URL
<code>http://servername/foo/dirname</code> where
<code>dirname</code> is a directory. Directories require a
trailing slash, so <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_dir.html">mod_dir</a></code> issues a redirect to
<code>http://servername/foo/dirname/</code>.</p>
</div>
<div id="quickview"><h3 class="directives">Directives</h3>
<ul id="toc">
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#directoryindex">DirectoryIndex</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#directoryindexredirect">DirectoryIndexRedirect</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#directoryslash">DirectorySlash</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#fallbackresource">FallbackResource</a></li>
</ul>
<ul class="seealso"><li><a href="#comments_section">Comments</a></li></ul></div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="DirectoryIndex" id="DirectoryIndex">DirectoryIndex</a> <a name="directoryindex" id="directoryindex">Directive</a></h2>
<table class="directive">
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>List of resources to look for when the client requests
a directory</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>DirectoryIndex
disabled | <var>local-url</var> [<var>local-url</var>] ...</code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>DirectoryIndex index.html</code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>Indexes</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_dir</td></tr>
</table>
<p>The <code class="directive">DirectoryIndex</code> directive sets the
list of resources to look for, when the client requests an index
of the directory by specifying a / at the end of the directory
name. <var>Local-url</var> is the (%-encoded) URL of a document on
the server relative to the requested directory; it is usually the
name of a file in the directory. Several URLs may be given, in
which case the server will return the first one that it finds. If
none of the resources exist and the <code>Indexes</code> option is
set, the server will generate its own listing of the
directory.</p>
<div class="example"><h3>Example</h3><pre class="prettyprint lang-config">
DirectoryIndex index.html
</pre>
</div>
<p>then a request for <code>http://example.com/docs/</code> would
return <code>http://example.com/docs/index.html</code> if it
exists, or would list the directory if it did not.</p>
<p>Note that the documents do not need to be relative to the
directory;</p>
<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">
DirectoryIndex index.html index.txt /cgi-bin/index.pl
</pre>
<p>would cause the CGI script <code>/cgi-bin/index.pl</code> to be
executed if neither <code>index.html</code> or <code>index.txt</code>
existed in a directory.</p>
<p>A single argument of "disabled" prevents <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_dir.html">mod_dir</a></code> from
searching for an index. An argument of "disabled" will be interpreted
literally if it has any arguments before or after it, even if they are "disabled"
as well.</p>
<p><strong>Note:</strong> Multiple <code class="directive">DirectoryIndex</code>
directives within the <a href="../sections.html"><em>same context</em></a> will add
to the list of resources to look for rather than replace:
</p>
<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">
# Example A: Set index.html as an index page, then add index.php to that list as well.
<Directory /foo>
DirectoryIndex index.html
DirectoryIndex index.php
</Directory>
# Example B: This is identical to example A, except it's done with a single directive.
<Directory /foo>
DirectoryIndex index.html index.php
</Directory>
# Example C: To replace the list, you must explicitly reset it first:
# In this example, only index.php will remain as an index resource.
<Directory /foo>
DirectoryIndex index.html
DirectoryIndex disabled
DirectoryIndex index.php
</Directory>
</pre>
</div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="DirectoryIndexRedirect" id="DirectoryIndexRedirect">DirectoryIndexRedirect</a> <a name="directoryindexredirect" id="directoryindexredirect">Directive</a></h2>
<table class="directive">
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Configures an external redirect for directory indexes.
</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>DirectoryIndexRedirect on | off | permanent | temp | seeother |
<var>3xx-code</var>
</code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>DirectoryIndexRedirect off</code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>Indexes</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_dir</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Available in version 2.3.14 and later</td></tr>
</table>
<p>By default, the <code class="directive">DirectoryIndex</code> is selected
and returned transparently to the client. <code class="directive">DirectoryIndexRedirect</code> causes an external redirect
to instead be issued.</p>
<div class="example"><h3>Example</h3><pre class="prettyprint lang-config">
DirectoryIndexRedirect on
</pre>
</div>
<p>A request for <code>http://example.com/docs/</code> would
return a temporary redirect to <code>http://example.com/docs/index.html</code>
if it exists.</p>
</div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="DirectorySlash" id="DirectorySlash">DirectorySlash</a> <a name="directoryslash" id="directoryslash">Directive</a></h2>
<table class="directive">
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Toggle trailing slash redirects on or off</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>DirectorySlash On|Off</code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>DirectorySlash On</code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>Indexes</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_dir</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Available in version 2.0.51 and later</td></tr>
</table>
<p>The <code class="directive">DirectorySlash</code> directive determines whether
<code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_dir.html">mod_dir</a></code> should fixup URLs pointing to a directory or
not.</p>
<p>Typically if a user requests a resource without a trailing slash, which
points to a directory, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_dir.html">mod_dir</a></code> redirects him to the same
resource, but <em>with</em> trailing slash for some good reasons:</p>
<ul>
<li>The user is finally requesting the canonical URL of the resource</li>
<li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_autoindex.html">mod_autoindex</a></code> works correctly. Since it doesn't emit
the path in the link, it would point to the wrong path.</li>
<li><code class="directive"><a href="#directoryindex">DirectoryIndex</a></code> will be evaluated
<em>only</em> for directories requested with trailing slash.</li>
<li>Relative URL references inside html pages will work correctly.</li>
</ul>
<p>If you don't want this effect <em>and</em> the reasons above don't
apply to you, you can turn off the redirect as shown below. However,
be aware that there are possible security implications to doing
this.</p>
<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">
# see security warning below!
<Location /some/path>
DirectorySlash Off
SetHandler some-handler
</Location>
</pre>
<div class="warning"><h3>Security Warning</h3>
<p>Turning off the trailing slash redirect may result in an information
disclosure. Consider a situation where <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_autoindex.html">mod_autoindex</a></code> is
active (<code>Options +Indexes</code>) and <code class="directive"><a href="#directoryindex">DirectoryIndex</a></code> is set to a valid resource (say,
<code>index.html</code>) and there's no other special handler defined for
that URL. In this case a request with a trailing slash would show the
<code>index.html</code> file. <strong>But a request without trailing slash
would list the directory contents</strong>.</p>
</div>
<p>Also note that some browsers may erroneously change POST requests into GET
(thus discarding POST data) when a redirect is issued.</p>
</div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="FallbackResource" id="FallbackResource">FallbackResource</a> <a name="fallbackresource" id="fallbackresource">Directive</a></h2>
<table class="directive">
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Define a default URL for requests that don't map to a file</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>FallbackResource <var>local-url</var></code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>None - httpd will return 404 (Not Found)</code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>Indexes</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_dir</td></tr>
</table>
<p>Use this to set a handler for any URL that doesn't map to anything
in your filesystem, and would otherwise return HTTP 404 (Not Found).
For example</p>
<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">
FallbackResource /not-404.php
</pre>
<p>will cause requests for non-existent files to be handled by
<code>not-404.php</code>, while requests for files that exist
are unaffected.</p>
<p>It is frequently desirable to have a single file or resource
handle all requests to a particular directory, except those requests
that correspond to an existing file or script. This is often
referred to as a 'front controller.'</p>
<p>In earlier versions of httpd, this effect typically required
<code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a></code>, and the use of the <code>-f</code> and
<code>-d</code> tests for file and directory existence. This now
requires only one line of configuration.</p>
<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">
FallbackResource /index.php
</pre>
<p>Existing files, such as images, css files, and so on, will be
served normally.</p>
<p>In a sub-URI, such as <em>http://example.com/blog/</em> this
<em>sub-URI</em> has to be supplied as <var>local-url</var>:</p>
<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">
<Directory /web/example.com/htdocs/blog>
FallbackResource /blog/index.php
</Directory>
</pre>
</div>
</div>
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