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// Copyright 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
/*
Package runtime contains operations that interact with Go's runtime system,
such as functions to control goroutines. It also includes the low-level type information
used by the reflect package; see reflect's documentation for the programmable
interface to the run-time type system.
Environment Variables
The following environment variables ($name or %name%, depending on the host
operating system) control the run-time behavior of Go programs. The meanings
and use may change from release to release.
The GOGC variable sets the initial garbage collection target percentage.
A collection is triggered when the ratio of freshly allocated data to live data
remaining after the previous collection reaches this percentage. The default
is GOGC=100. Setting GOGC=off disables the garbage collector entirely.
The runtime/debug package's SetGCPercent function allows changing this
percentage at run time. See http://golang.org/pkg/runtime/debug/#SetGCPercent.
The GODEBUG variable controls debug output from the runtime. GODEBUG value is
a comma-separated list of name=val pairs. Supported names are:
allocfreetrace: setting allocfreetrace=1 causes every allocation to be
profiled and a stack trace printed on each object's allocation and free.
efence: setting efence=1 causes the allocator to run in a mode
where each object is allocated on a unique page and addresses are
never recycled.
gctrace: setting gctrace=1 causes the garbage collector to emit a single line to standard
error at each collection, summarizing the amount of memory collected and the
length of the pause. Setting gctrace=2 emits the same summary but also
repeats each collection.
gcdead: setting gcdead=1 causes the garbage collector to clobber all stack slots
that it thinks are dead.
invalidptr: defaults to invalidptr=1, causing the garbage collector and stack
copier to crash the program if an invalid pointer value (for example, 1)
is found in a pointer-typed location. Setting invalidptr=0 disables this check.
This should only be used as a temporary workaround to diagnose buggy code.
The real fix is to not store integers in pointer-typed locations.
scheddetail: setting schedtrace=X and scheddetail=1 causes the scheduler to emit
detailed multiline info every X milliseconds, describing state of the scheduler,
processors, threads and goroutines.
schedtrace: setting schedtrace=X causes the scheduler to emit a single line to standard
error every X milliseconds, summarizing the scheduler state.
scavenge: scavenge=1 enables debugging mode of heap scavenger.
The GOMAXPROCS variable limits the number of operating system threads that
can execute user-level Go code simultaneously. There is no limit to the number of threads
that can be blocked in system calls on behalf of Go code; those do not count against
the GOMAXPROCS limit. This package's GOMAXPROCS function queries and changes
the limit.
The GOTRACEBACK variable controls the amount of output generated when a Go
program fails due to an unrecovered panic or an unexpected runtime condition.
By default, a failure prints a stack trace for every extant goroutine, eliding functions
internal to the run-time system, and then exits with exit code 2.
If GOTRACEBACK=0, the per-goroutine stack traces are omitted entirely.
If GOTRACEBACK=1, the default behavior is used.
If GOTRACEBACK=2, the per-goroutine stack traces include run-time functions.
If GOTRACEBACK=crash, the per-goroutine stack traces include run-time functions,
and if possible the program crashes in an operating-specific manner instead of
exiting. For example, on Unix systems, the program raises SIGABRT to trigger a
core dump.
The GOARCH, GOOS, GOPATH, and GOROOT environment variables complete
the set of Go environment variables. They influence the building of Go programs
(see http://golang.org/cmd/go and http://golang.org/pkg/go/build).
GOARCH, GOOS, and GOROOT are recorded at compile time and made available by
constants or functions in this package, but they do not influence the execution
of the run-time system.
*/
package runtime
// Caller reports file and line number information about function invocations on
// the calling goroutine's stack. The argument skip is the number of stack frames
// to ascend, with 0 identifying the caller of Caller. (For historical reasons the
// meaning of skip differs between Caller and Callers.) The return values report the
// program counter, file name, and line number within the file of the corresponding
// call. The boolean ok is false if it was not possible to recover the information.
func Caller(skip int) (pc uintptr, file string, line int, ok bool) {
// Ask for two PCs: the one we were asked for
// and what it called, so that we can see if it
// "called" sigpanic.
var rpc [2]uintptr
if callers(1+skip-1, &rpc[0], 2) < 2 {
return
}
f := findfunc(rpc[1])
if f == nil {
// TODO(rsc): Probably a bug?
// The C version said "have retpc at least"
// but actually returned pc=0.
ok = true
return
}
pc = rpc[1]
xpc := pc
g := findfunc(rpc[0])
// All architectures turn faults into apparent calls to sigpanic.
// If we see a call to sigpanic, we do not back up the PC to find
// the line number of the call instruction, because there is no call.
if xpc > f.entry && (g == nil || g.entry != funcPC(sigpanic)) {
xpc--
}
line = int(funcline(f, xpc, &file))
ok = true
return
}
// Callers fills the slice pc with the return program counters of function invocations
// on the calling goroutine's stack. The argument skip is the number of stack frames
// to skip before recording in pc, with 0 identifying the frame for Callers itself and
// 1 identifying the caller of Callers.
// It returns the number of entries written to pc.
//
// Note that since each slice entry pc[i] is a return program counter,
// looking up the file and line for pc[i] (for example, using (*Func).FileLine)
// will return the file and line number of the instruction immediately
// following the call.
// To look up the file and line number of the call itself, use pc[i]-1.
// As an exception to this rule, if pc[i-1] corresponds to the function
// runtime.sigpanic, then pc[i] is the program counter of a faulting
// instruction and should be used without any subtraction.
func Callers(skip int, pc []uintptr) int {
// runtime.callers uses pc.array==nil as a signal
// to print a stack trace. Pick off 0-length pc here
// so that we don't let a nil pc slice get to it.
if len(pc) == 0 {
return 0
}
return callers(skip, &pc[0], len(pc))
}
// GOROOT returns the root of the Go tree.
// It uses the GOROOT environment variable, if set,
// or else the root used during the Go build.
func GOROOT() string {
s := gogetenv("GOROOT")
if s != "" {
return s
}
return defaultGoroot
}
// Version returns the Go tree's version string.
// It is either the commit hash and date at the time of the build or,
// when possible, a release tag like "go1.3".
func Version() string {
return theVersion
}
// GOOS is the running program's operating system target:
// one of darwin, freebsd, linux, and so on.
const GOOS string = theGoos
// GOARCH is the running program's architecture target:
// 386, amd64, or arm.
const GOARCH string = theGoarch
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