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+1.11 E -.15(Fo)236.965 256.2 S 2.5(rS).15 G(endmail V)-2.5 E(ersion 8.8) +-1.11 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Sendmail)97 300.6 Q F2 .482 +(implements a general purpose internetw)2.982 F .482(ork mail routing f) +-.1 F .481(acility under the UNIX\256 operat-)-.1 F .378(ing system.)72 +312.6 R .378(It is not tied to an)5.378 F 2.878(yo)-.15 G .378 +(ne transport protocol \212 its function may be lik)-2.878 F .378 +(ened to a crossbar switch,)-.1 F 1.036 +(relaying messages from one domain into another)72 324.6 R 6.036(.I)-.55 +G 3.536(nt)-6.036 G 1.036 +(he process, it can do a limited amount of message)-3.536 F .604(header editing to put the message into a format that is appropriate for the recei) +72 336.6 R .604(ving domain.)-.25 F .604(All of this is)5.604 F +(done under the control of a con\214guration \214le.)72 348.6 Q .711 +(Due to the requirements of \215e)97 364.8 R .711(xibility for)-.15 F F3 +(sendmail)3.211 E F2 3.211(,t)C .71 +(he con\214guration \214le can seem some)-3.211 F 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Ho)72 376.8 R(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.193 -.4(r, t) +.15 H .393(here are only a fe).4 F 2.893(wb)-.25 G .394 +(asic con\214gurations for most sites, for which standard con\214gu-) +-2.893 F .646(ration \214les ha)72 388.8 R .946 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .646 +(een supplied.).15 F .645(Most other con\214gurations can be b)5.646 F +.645(uilt by adjusting an e)-.2 F .645(xisting con\214gura-)-.15 F +(tion \214les incrementally)72 400.8 Q(.)-.65 E F3(Sendmail)97 417 Q F2 +.15(is based on RFC821 \(Simple Mail T)2.65 F .15 +(ransport Protocol\), RFC822 \(Internet Mail F)-.35 F .15(ormat Pro-) +-.15 F .423(tocol\), RFC1123 \(Internet Host Requirements\), RFC1521 \(MIME\), RFC1651 \(SMTP Service Extensions\),) +72 429 R 2.022(RFC1891 \(SMTP Deli)72 441 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.022(ry Status Noti\214cations\), RFC1892 \(Multipart/Report\), RFC1893 \(Mail System) +.15 F 2.365(Status Codes\), RFC1894 \(Deli)72 453 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.364 +(ry Status Noti\214cations\), and RFC1985 \(SMTP Service Extension for) +.15 F .251(Remote Message Queue Starting\).)72 465 R(Ho)5.251 E(we)-.25 +E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.051 -.4(r, s).15 H(ince).4 E F3(sendmail)2.751 E F2 +.251(is designed to w)2.751 F .251(ork in a wider w)-.1 F .252 +(orld, in man)-.1 F(y)-.15 E(cases it can be con\214gured to e)72 477 Q +(xceed these protocols.)-.15 E(These cases are described herein.)5 E +(Although)97 493.2 Q F3(sendmail)3.548 E F2 1.047(is intended to run without the need for monitoring, it has a number of features) +3.548 F 1.972(that may be used to monitor or adjust the operation under unusual circumstances.) +72 505.2 R 1.972(These features are)6.972 F(described.)72 517.2 Q .817 +(Section one describes ho)97 533.4 R 3.317(wt)-.25 G 3.317(od)-3.317 G +3.317(oa)-3.317 G(basic)-.001 E F3(sendmail)3.316 E F2 3.316 +(installation. Section)3.316 F(tw)3.316 E 3.316(oe)-.1 G .816 +(xplains the day-to-day)-3.466 F .282(information you should kno)72 +545.4 R 2.782(wt)-.25 G 2.782(om)-2.782 G .282 +(aintain your mail system.)-2.782 F .282(If you ha)5.282 F .583 -.15 +(ve a r)-.2 H(elati).15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .283(ly normal site, these tw) +.15 F(o)-.1 E .635(sections should contain suf)72 557.4 R .635 +(\214cient information for you to install)-.25 F F3(sendmail)3.135 E F2 +.634(and k)3.135 F .634(eep it happ)-.1 F 4.434 -.65(y. S)-.1 H .634 +(ection three).65 F .925 +(describes some parameters that may be safely tweak)72 569.4 R 3.425 +(ed. Section)-.1 F .925(four has information re)3.425 F -.05(ga)-.15 G +.925(rding the com-).05 F .886(mand line ar)72 581.4 R 3.386 +(guments. Section)-.18 F<8c76>3.386 E 3.386(ec)-.15 G .885 +(ontains the nitty-gritty information about the con\214guration \214le.) +-3.386 F(This)5.885 E .004 +(section is for masochists and people who must write their o)72 593.4 R +.005(wn con\214guration \214le.)-.25 F .005(Section six describes con-) +5.005 F .886(\214guration that can be done at compile time.)72 605.4 R +.886(Section se)5.886 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.386(ng).15 G -2.15 -.25(iv e) +-3.386 H 3.386(sab).25 G .886(rief description of dif)-3.386 F .885 +(ferences in this)-.25 F -.15(ve)72 617.4 S 1.619(rsion of).15 F F3 +(sendmail)4.119 E F2 6.619(.T)C 1.619(he appendix)-6.619 F 1.619(es gi) +-.15 F 1.919 -.15(ve a b)-.25 H 1.619(rief b).15 F 1.619(ut detailed e) +-.2 F 1.62(xplanation of a number of features not)-.15 F +(described in the rest of the paper)72 629.4 Q(.)-.55 E/F4 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF -1.2(WA)97 645.6 S(RNING:)1.2 E F2(Se)3.268 E -.15(ve) +-.25 G .767(ral major changes were introduced in v).15 F .767 +(ersion 8.7.)-.15 F -1.1(Yo)5.767 G 3.267(us)1.1 G .767 +(hould not attempt to use)-3.267 F(this document for prior v)72 657.6 Q +(ersions of)-.15 E F3(sendmail)2.5 E F2(.)A F4 +(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 756 Q(SMM:08-1)200.86 E EP +%%Page: 2 2 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 198.36(SMM:08-2 Sendmail)72 60 R +(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF +(This page intentionally left blank;)220.225 300 Q +(replace it with a blank sheet for double-sided output.)182.6 312 Q EP +%%Page: 7 3 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q +(SMM:08-7)200.86 E 2.5(1. B)72 96 R(ASIC INST)-.3 E(ALLA)-.9 E(TION)-.95 +E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .233(There are tw)112 112.2 R 2.733(ob)-.1 G +.233(asic steps to installing)-2.733 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail) +2.733 E F1 5.233(.T)C .233(he hard part is to b)-5.233 F .234 +(uild the con\214guration table.)-.2 F 1.186(This is a \214le that)87 +124.2 R F2(sendmail)3.686 E F1 1.186 +(reads when it starts up that describes the mailers it kno)3.686 F 1.185 +(ws about, ho)-.25 F 3.685(wt)-.25 G(o)-3.685 E .714 +(parse addresses, ho)87 136.2 R 3.214(wt)-.25 G 3.214(or)-3.214 G -.25 +(ew)-3.214 G .715(rite the message header).25 F 3.215(,a)-.4 G .715 +(nd the settings of v)-3.215 F .715(arious options.)-.25 F .715 +(Although the)5.715 F .852(con\214guration table is quite comple)87 +148.2 R .852(x, a con\214guration can usually be b)-.15 F .852 +(uilt by adjusting an e)-.2 F .852(xisting of)-.15 F(f-)-.25 E 1.077 +(the-shelf con\214guration.)87 160.2 R 1.078(The second part is actually doing the installation, i.e., creating the necessary) +6.077 F(\214les, etc.)87 172.2 Q .192 +(The remainder of this section will describe the installation of)112 +188.4 R F2(sendmail)2.692 E F1 .192(assuming you can use one)2.692 F +1.431(of the e)87 200.4 R 1.432(xisting con\214gurations and that the standard installation parameters are acceptable.) +-.15 F 1.432(All path-)6.432 F .977(names and e)87 212.4 R .976 +(xamples are gi)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.476(nf).15 G .976 +(rom the root of the)-3.476 F F2(sendmail)3.476 E F1 .976 +(subtree, normally)3.476 F F2(/usr/sr)3.476 E(c/usr)-.37 E(.sbin/send-) +-1.11 E(mail)87 224.4 Q F1(on 4.4BSD.)2.5 E .542 +(If you are loading this of)112 240.6 R 3.042(ft)-.25 G .542 +(he tape, continue with the ne)-3.042 F .542(xt section.)-.15 F .542 +(If you ha)5.542 F .843 -.15(ve a r)-.2 H .543(unning binary).15 F +(already on your system, you should probably skip to section 1.2.)87 +252.6 Q F0 2.5(1.1. Compiling)87 276.6 R(Sendmail)2.5 E F1(All)127 292.8 +Q F2(sendmail)2.935 E F1 .435(source is in the)2.935 F F2(sr)2.935 E(c) +-.37 E F1(subdirectory)2.934 E 5.434(.I)-.65 G 2.934(fy)-5.434 G .434 +(ou are running on a 4.4BSD system, com-)-2.934 F .178 +(pile by typing \231mak)102 304.8 R 2.678(e\232. On)-.1 F .179 +(other systems, you may ha)2.679 F .479 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.679(om).15 G +(ak)-2.679 E 2.679(es)-.1 G .179(ome other adjustments.)-2.679 F .179 +(On most)5.179 F +(systems, you can do the appropriate compilation by typing)102 316.8 Q +(sh mak)142 333 Q(esendmail)-.1 E .364(This will lea)102 349.2 R .664 +-.15(ve t)-.2 H .364(he binary in an appropriately named subdirectory) +.15 F 5.364(.I)-.65 G 2.864(tw)-5.364 G .364(orks for multiple object v) +-2.964 F(er)-.15 E(-)-.2 E(sions compiled out of the same directory)102 +361.2 Q(.)-.65 E F0 2.5(1.1.1. T)102 385.2 R(weaking the Mak)-.74 E +(e\214le)-.1 E F2(Sendmail)142 401.4 Q F1 2.18(supports tw)4.68 F 4.681 +(od)-.1 G(if)-4.681 E 2.181(ferent formats for the local \(on disk\) v) +-.25 F 2.181(ersion of databases,)-.15 F(notably the)117 413.4 Q F2 +(aliases)2.5 E F1 2.5(database. At)2.5 F +(least one of these should be de\214ned if at all possible.)2.5 E 39.5 +(NDBM The)117 429.6 R -.74(``)3.167 G(ne).74 E 3.167(wD)-.25 G(BM') +-3.167 E 3.167('f)-.74 G .667(ormat, a)-3.167 F -.25(va)-.2 G .666 +(ilable on nearly all systems around today).25 F 5.666(.T)-.65 G(his) +-5.666 E -.1(wa)189 441.6 S 3.54(st).1 G 1.041 +(he preferred format prior to 4.4BSD.)-3.54 F 1.041(It allo)6.041 F +1.041(ws such comple)-.25 F 3.541(xt)-.15 G 1.041(hings as)-3.541 F +(multiple databases and closing a currently open database.)189 453.6 Q +32.84(NEWDB The)117 469.8 R(ne)3.324 E 3.324(wd)-.25 G .824 +(atabase package from Berk)-3.324 F(ele)-.1 E 4.624 -.65(y. I)-.15 H +3.324(fy).65 G .824(ou ha)-3.324 F 1.124 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .824 +(his, use it.).15 F .823(It allo)5.823 F(ws)-.25 E .839(long records, multiple open databases, real in-memory caching, and so forth.) +189 481.8 R -1.1(Yo)189 493.8 S 3.582(uc)1.1 G 1.081 +(an de\214ne this in conjunction with one of the other tw)-3.582 F 1.081 +(o; if you do, old)-.1 F .692(databases are read, b)189 505.8 R .693 +(ut when a ne)-.2 F 3.193(wd)-.25 G .693 +(atabase is created it will be in NEWDB)-3.193 F 2.852(format. As)189 +517.8 R 2.852(an)2.852 G .352(asty hack, if you ha)-2.852 F .651 -.15 +(ve N)-.2 H .351(EWDB, NDBM, and NIS de\214ned, and).15 F .951 +(if the alias \214le name includes the substring \231/yp/\232,)189 529.8 +R F2(sendmail)3.452 E F1 .952(will create both)3.452 F(ne)189 541.8 Q +3.976(wa)-.25 G 1.476(nd old v)-3.976 F 1.475 +(ersions of the alias \214le during a)-.15 F F2(ne)3.975 E(walias)-.15 E +F1 3.975(command. This)3.975 F(is)3.975 E .711 +(required because the Sun NIS/YP system reads the DBM v)189 553.8 R .711 +(ersion of the alias)-.15 F 2.5(\214le. It')189 565.8 R 2.5(su)-.55 G +(gly as sin, b)-2.5 E(ut it w)-.2 E(orks.)-.1 E 1.112 +(If neither of these are de\214ned,)117 582 R F2(sendmail)3.612 E F1 +1.112(reads the alias \214le into memory on e)3.612 F -.15(ve)-.25 G +1.112(ry in).15 F -.2(vo)-.4 G(cation.).2 E 1.042(This can be slo)117 +594 R 3.542(wa)-.25 G 1.043(nd should be a)-3.542 F -.2(vo)-.2 G 3.543 +(ided. There).2 F 1.043(are also se)3.543 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.043 +(ral methods for remote database).15 F(access:)117 606 Q 53.39(NIS Sun') +117 622.2 R 2.5(sN)-.55 G(etw)-2.5 E +(ork Information Services \(formerly YP\).)-.1 E 28.94(NISPLUS Sun')117 +638.4 R 2.5(sN)-.55 G(IS+ services.)-2.5 E 26.73(NETINFO NeXT')117 654.6 +R 2.5(sN)-.55 G(etInfo service.)-2.5 E 32.84(HESIOD Hesiod)117 670.8 R +(service \(from Athena\).)2.5 E .042(Other compilation \215ags are set in conf.h and should be prede\214ned for you unless you are porting) +117 687 R(to a ne)117 699 Q 2.5(we)-.25 G -.4(nv)-2.5 G(ironment.).4 E +EP +%%Page: 8 4 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 198.36(SMM:08-8 Sendmail)72 60 R +(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(1.1.2. Compilation)102 96 R +(and installation)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .308 +(After making the local system con\214guration described abo)142 112.2 R +-.15(ve)-.15 G 2.809(,Y).15 G .309(ou should be able to com-)-3.909 F +(pile and install the system.)117 124.2 Q(The script \231mak)5 E +(esendmail\232 is the best approach on most systems:)-.1 E(sh mak)157 +140.4 Q(esendmail)-.1 E(This will use)117 156.6 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 +SF(uname)2.5 E F1(\(1\) to select the correct Mak)A(e\214le for your en) +-.1 E(vironment.)-.4 E -1.1(Yo)142 172.8 S 2.5(um)1.1 G +(ay be able to install using)-2.5 E(sh mak)157 189 Q(esendmail install) +-.1 E 3.346(This should install the binary in /usr/sbin and create links from /usr/bin/ne) +117 205.2 R -.1(wa)-.25 G 3.345(liases and).1 F 1.576 +(/usr/bin/mailq to /usr/sbin/sendmail.)117 217.2 R 1.577 +(On 4.4BSD systems it will also format and install man)6.576 F(pages.) +117 229.2 Q F0 2.5(1.2. Con\214guration)87 253.2 R(Files)2.5 E F2 +(Sendmail)127 269.4 Q F1 2.079 +(cannot operate without a con\214guration \214le.)4.58 F 2.079 +(The con\214guration de\214nes the mail)7.079 F(deli)102 281.4 Q -.15 +(ve)-.25 G .888(ry mechanisms understood at this site, ho).15 F 3.389 +(wt)-.25 G 3.389(oa)-3.389 G .889(ccess them, ho)-3.389 F 3.389(wt)-.25 +G 3.389(of)-3.389 G(orw)-3.389 E .889(ard email to remote)-.1 F .088 +(mail systems, and a number of tuning parameters.)102 293.4 R .088 +(This con\214guration \214le is detailed in the later por)5.088 F(-)-.2 +E(tion of this document.)102 305.4 Q(The)127 321.6 Q F2(sendmail)2.764 E +F1 .264(con\214guration can be daunting at \214rst.)2.764 F .264(The w) +5.264 F .264(orld is comple)-.1 F .264(x, and the mail con-)-.15 F .109 +(\214guration re\215ects that.)102 333.6 R .109(The distrib)5.109 F .108 +(ution includes an m4-based con\214guration package that hides a lot)-.2 +F(of the comple)102 345.6 Q(xity)-.15 E(.)-.65 E .47 +(These con\214guration \214les are simpler than old v)127 361.8 R .47 +(ersions lar)-.15 F .47(gely because the w)-.18 F .47(orld has become) +-.1 F 1.449(simpler; in particular)102 373.8 R 3.949(,t)-.4 G -.15(ex) +-3.949 G 1.449(t-based host \214les are of).15 F 1.448 +(\214cially eliminated, ob)-.25 F 1.448 +(viating the need to \231hide\232)-.15 F(hosts behind a re)102 385.8 Q +(gistered internet g)-.15 E(ate)-.05 E -.1(wa)-.25 G -.65(y.).1 G .092(These \214les also assume that most of your neighbors use domain-based UUCP addressing; that) +127 402 R .361(is, instead of naming hosts as \231host!user\232 the)102 +414 R 2.861(yw)-.15 G .361(ill use \231host.domain!user\232.)-2.861 F +.36(The con\214guration \214les)5.36 F(can be customized to w)102 426 Q +(ork around this, b)-.1 E(ut it is more comple)-.2 E(x.)-.15 E .657 +(Our con\214guration \214les are processed by)127 442.2 R F2(m4)3.158 E +F1 .658(to f)3.158 F .658(acilitate local customization; the directory) +-.1 F F2(cf)3.158 E F1 .397(of the)102 454.2 R F2(sendmail)2.897 E F1 +(distrib)2.896 E .396(ution directory contains the source \214les.)-.2 F +.396(This directory contains se)5.396 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .396(ral sub-).15 +F(directories:)102 466.2 Q 61.73(cf Both)102 482.4 R .56 +(site-dependent and site-independent descriptions of hosts.)3.06 F .56 +(These can be lit-)5.56 F .445(eral host names \(e.g., \231ucb)174 494.4 +R -.25(va)-.15 G .445(x.mc\232\) when the hosts are g).25 F(ate)-.05 E +-.1(wa)-.25 G .445(ys or more general).1 F 1.812(descriptions \(such as \231tcpproto.mc\232 as a general description of an SMTP-con-) +174 506.4 R 1.98(nected host or \231uucpproto.mc\232 as a general description of a UUCP-connected) +174 518.4 R 3.291(host\). Files)174 530.4 R(ending)3.291 E F0(.mc)3.291 +E F1(\(`)3.291 E .791(`Master Con\214guration')-.74 F .791 +('\) are the input descriptions; the)-.74 F 2.14 +(output is in the corresponding)174 542.4 R F0(.cf)4.64 E F1 4.64 +(\214le. The)4.64 F 2.14(general structure of these \214les is)4.64 F +(described belo)174 554.4 Q -.65(w.)-.25 G 39.5(domain Site-dependent) +102 570.6 R .428(subdomain descriptions.)2.928 F .428 +(These are tied to the w)5.428 F .428(ay your or)-.1 F -.05(ga)-.18 G +(niza-).05 E .292(tion w)174 582.6 R .292(ants to do addressing.)-.1 F +-.15(Fo)5.292 G 2.792(re).15 G(xample,)-2.942 E F0(domain/cs.exposed.m4) +2.792 E F1 .292(is our descrip-)2.792 F .442 +(tion for hosts in the CS.Berk)174 594.6 R(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G .443 +(EDU subdomain that w).65 F .443(ant their indi)-.1 F .443(vidual host-) +-.25 F .963(name to be e)174 606.6 R .963(xternally visible;)-.15 F F0 +(domain/cs.hidden.m4)3.463 E F1 .963(is the same e)3.463 F .962 +(xcept that the)-.15 F 2.627(hostname is hidden \(e)174 618.6 R -.15(ve) +-.25 G 2.628(rything looks lik).15 F 5.128(ei)-.1 G 5.128(tc)-5.128 G +2.628(omes from CS.Berk)-5.128 F(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU\).).65 E +(These are referenced using the)174 630.6 Q/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF +(DOMAIN)2.5 E F0(m4)2.5 E F1(macro in the)2.5 E F0(.mc)2.5 E F1(\214le.) +2.5 E 41.74(feature De\214nitions)102 646.8 R .728 +(of speci\214c features that some particular host in your site might w) +3.229 F(ant.)-.1 E 2.466(These are referenced using the)174 658.8 R F3 +(FEA)4.966 E(TURE)-.999 E F0(m4)4.966 E F1 4.966(macro. An)4.966 F -.15 +(ex)4.967 G 2.467(ample feature is).15 F 1.317 +(use_cw_\214le \(which tells)174 670.8 R F2(sendmail)3.817 E F1 1.316 +(to read an /etc/sendmail.cw \214le on startup to)3.817 F +(\214nd the set of local names\).)174 682.8 Q 50.62(hack Local)102 699 R +1.886(hacks, referenced using the)4.386 F F3(HA)4.386 E(CK)-.36 E F0(m4) +4.386 E F1 4.386(macro. T)4.386 F 1.886(ry to a)-.35 F -.2(vo)-.2 G +1.886(id these.).2 F(The)6.887 E(point of ha)174 711 Q +(ving them here is to mak)-.2 E 2.5(ei)-.1 G 2.5(tc)-2.5 G +(lear that the)-2.5 E 2.5(ys)-.15 G(mell.)-2.5 E EP +%%Page: 9 5 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q +(SMM:08-9)200.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 56.72(m4 Site-independent)102 +96 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(m4)2.538 E F1 .038 +(\(1\) include \214les that ha)B .338 -.15(ve i)-.2 H .038 +(nformation common to all con\214gu-).15 F(ration \214les.)174 108 Q +(This can be thought of as a \231#include\232 directory)5 E(.)-.65 E +43.95(mailer De\214nitions)102 124.2 R .152 +(of mailers, referenced using the)2.652 F/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(MAILER) +2.652 E F0(m4)2.652 E F1 2.652(macro. The)2.652 F .153(mailer types) +2.652 F 1.787(that are kno)174 136.2 R 1.787(wn in this distrib)-.25 F +1.787(ution are f)-.2 F 1.787(ax, local, smtp, uucp, and usenet.)-.1 F +-.15(Fo)6.786 G(r).15 E -.15(ex)174 148.2 S(ample, to include support for the UUCP-based mailers, use \231MAILER\(uucp\)\232.) +.15 E 43.39(ostype De\214nitions)102 164.4 R 1.156(describing v)3.656 F +1.157(arious operating system en)-.25 F 1.157 +(vironments \(such as the loca-)-.4 F(tion of support \214les\).)174 +176.4 Q(These are referenced using the)5 E F3(OSTYPE)2.5 E F0(m4)2.5 E +F1(macro.)2.5 E 60.61(sh Shell)102 192.6 R(\214les used by the)2.5 E F0 +(m4)2.5 E F1 -.2(bu)2.5 G(ild process.).2 E -1.1(Yo)5 G 2.5(us)1.1 G +(houldn')-2.5 E 2.5(th)-.18 G -2.25 -.2(av e)-2.5 H(to mess with these.) +2.7 E 30.61(sitecon\214g Local)102 208.8 R .729(UUCP connecti)3.229 F +.729(vity information.)-.25 F(The)5.729 E 3.229(yn)-.15 G .729 +(ormally contain lists of site infor)-3.229 F(-)-.2 E(mation, for e)174 +220.8 Q(xample:)-.15 E(SITE\(contessa\))214 237 Q(SITE\(hoptoad\))214 +249 Q(SITE\(nkainc\))214 261 Q(SITE\(well\))214 273 Q(The)174 289.2 Q +2.5(ya)-.15 G(re referenced using the SITECONFIG macro:)-2.5 E +(SITECONFIG\(site.con\214g.\214le, name_of_site, X\))214 305.4 Q(where) +174 321.6 Q F2(X)2.703 E F1 .203(is the macro/class name to use.)2.703 F +.204(It can be U \(indicating locally connected)5.204 F .074 +(hosts\) or one of W)174 333.6 R 2.574(,X)-.92 G 2.574(,o)-2.574 G 2.574 +(rYf)-2.574 G .073(or up to three remote UUCP hubs.)-2.574 F .073 +(This directory has)5.073 F 1.712 +(been supplanted by the mailertable feature; an)174 345.6 R 4.212(yn) +-.15 G 2.212 -.25(ew c)-4.212 H 1.712(on\214gurations should use).25 F +(that feature to do UUCP \(and other\) routing.)174 357.6 Q .757 +(If you are in a ne)127 373.8 R 3.257(wd)-.25 G .757 +(omain \(e.g., a compan)-3.257 F .756(y\), you will probably w)-.15 F +.756(ant to create a cf/domain)-.1 F .87(\214le for your domain.)102 +385.8 R .871(This consists primarily of relay de\214nitions: for e)5.871 +F .871(xample, Berk)-.15 F(ele)-.1 E(y')-.15 E 3.371(sd)-.55 G(omain) +-3.371 E .16(de\214nition de\214nes relays for BitNET)102 397.8 R 2.66 +(,C)-.74 G(SNET)-2.66 E 2.66(,a)-.74 G .16(nd UUCP)-2.66 F 5.16(.O)-1.11 +G 2.66(ft)-5.16 G .16(hese, only the UUCP relay is particu-)-2.66 F .46 +(larly speci\214c to Berk)102 409.8 R(ele)-.1 E 4.26 -.65(y. A)-.15 H +.46(ll of these are internet-style domain names.).65 F .46 +(Please check to mak)5.46 F 2.96(ec)-.1 G(er)-2.96 E(-)-.2 E(tain the) +102 421.8 Q 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re reasonable for your domain.)-2.5 E 1.407 +(Subdomains at Berk)127 438 R(ele)-.1 E 3.907(ya)-.15 G 1.407 +(re also represented in the cf/domain directory)-3.907 F 6.406(.F)-.65 G +1.406(or e)-6.556 F 1.406(xample, the)-.15 F 1.49(domain cs-e)102 450 R +1.491 +(xposed is the Computer Science subdomain with the local hostname sho) +-.15 F 1.491(wn to other)-.25 F 1.411(users; cs-hidden mak)102 462 R +1.411(es users appear to be from the CS.Berk)-.1 F(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.) +-.15 G 1.41(EDU subdomain \(with no local).65 F 1.083 +(host information included\).)102 474 R -1.1(Yo)6.083 G 3.583(uw)1.1 G +1.083(ill probably ha)-3.583 F 1.384 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 3.584(ou).15 G +1.084(pdate this directory to be appropriate for)-3.584 F(your domain.) +102 486 Q -1.1(Yo)127 502.2 S 4.373(uw)1.1 G 1.873(ill ha)-4.373 F 2.173 +-.15(ve t)-.2 H 4.373(ou).15 G 1.873(se or create)-4.373 F F0(.mc)4.372 +E F1 1.872(\214les in the)4.372 F F2(cf/cf)4.372 E F1 1.872 +(subdirectory for your hosts.)4.372 F 1.872(This is)6.872 F +(detailed in the cf/README \214le.)102 514.2 Q F0 2.5(1.3. Details)87 +538.2 R(of Installation Files)2.5 E F1 +(This subsection describes the \214les that comprise the)127 554.4 Q F2 +(sendmail)2.5 E F1(installation.)2.5 E F0 2.5(1.3.1. /usr/sbin/sendmail) +102 578.4 R F1 .08(The binary for)142 596.6 R F2(sendmail)2.58 E F1 .079 +(is located in /usr/sbin)2.58 F/F4 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(1)-4 I F1 5.079 +(.I)4 K 2.579(ts)-5.079 G .079(hould be setuid root.)-2.579 F -.15(Fo) +5.079 G 2.579(rs).15 G .079(ecurity rea-)-2.579 F(sons, /, /usr)117 +610.6 Q 2.5(,a)-.4 G(nd /usr/sbin should be o)-2.5 E +(wned by root, mode 755)-.25 E F4(2)-4 I F1(.)4 I .32 LW 76 646 72 646 +DL 80 646 76 646 DL 84 646 80 646 DL 88 646 84 646 DL 92 646 88 646 DL +96 646 92 646 DL 100 646 96 646 DL 104 646 100 646 DL 108 646 104 646 DL +112 646 108 646 DL 116 646 112 646 DL 120 646 116 646 DL 124 646 120 646 +DL 128 646 124 646 DL 132 646 128 646 DL 136 646 132 646 DL 140 646 136 +646 DL 144 646 140 646 DL 148 646 144 646 DL 152 646 148 646 DL 156 646 +152 646 DL 160 646 156 646 DL 164 646 160 646 DL 168 646 164 646 DL 172 +646 168 646 DL 176 646 172 646 DL 180 646 176 646 DL 184 646 180 646 DL +188 646 184 646 DL 192 646 188 646 DL 196 646 192 646 DL 200 646 196 646 +DL 204 646 200 646 DL 208 646 204 646 DL 212 646 208 646 DL 216 646 212 +646 DL/F5 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(1)93.6 656.4 Q/F6 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .384 +(This is usually /usr/sbin on 4.4BSD and ne)3.2 J .384(wer systems; man) +-.2 F 2.385(ys)-.12 G .385(ystems install it in /usr/lib)-2.385 F 4.385 +(.I)-.32 G .385(understand it is in /usr/ucblib on)-2 F +(System V Release 4.)72 669.2 Q F5(2)93.6 679.6 Q F6 .149(Some v)3.2 J +.15(endors ship them o)-.12 F .15(wned by bin; this creates a security hole that is not actually related to) +-.2 F/F7 8/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.15 E F6 4.15(.O)C .15 +(ther important di-)-4.15 F(rectories that should ha)72 692.4 Q .24 -.12 +(ve r)-.16 H(estricti).12 E .24 -.12(ve o)-.2 H(wnerships and permissions are /bin, /usr/bin, /etc, /usr/etc, /lib, and /usr/lib) +-.08 E(.)-.32 E EP +%%Page: 10 6 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-10 Sendmail)72 60 R +(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(1.3.2. /etc/sendmail.cf)102 +96 R/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .698(This is the con\214guration \214le for) +142 114.2 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.198 E/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 +SF(3)-4 I F1 5.698(.T)4 K .699 +(his and /etc/sendmail.pid are the only non-)-5.698 F +(library \214le names compiled into)117 128.2 Q F2(sendmail)2.5 E F3(4) +-4 I F1(.)4 I .721 +(The con\214guration \214le is normally created using the distrib)142 +144.4 R .721(ution \214les described abo)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.721(.I) +.15 G(f)-5.721 E .64(you ha)117 156.4 R .94 -.15(ve a p)-.2 H .64(articularly unusual system con\214guration you may need to create a special v) +.15 F(ersion.)-.15 E(The format of this \214le is detailed in later sections of this document.) +117 168.4 Q F0 2.5(1.3.3. /usr/bin/newaliases)102 192.4 R F1(The)142 +208.6 Q F2(ne)2.5 E(waliases)-.15 E F1(command should just be a link to) +2.5 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(:)A(rm \255f /usr/bin/ne)157 224.8 Q -.1(wa) +-.25 G(liases).1 E(ln \255s /usr/sbin/sendmail /usr/bin/ne)157 236.8 Q +-.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E(This can be installed in whate)117 253 Q -.15 +(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rs).15 G(earch path you prefer for your system.)-2.5 E F0 +2.5(1.3.4. /usr/bin/hoststat)102 277 R F1(The)142 293.2 Q F2(hoststat) +5.844 E F1 3.344(command should just be a link to)5.844 F F2(sendmail) +5.844 E F1 5.844(,i)C 5.845(naf)-5.844 G 3.345(ashion similar to)-5.945 +F F2(ne)117 305.2 Q(waliases)-.15 E F1 5.607(.T)C .607(his command lists the status of the last mail transaction with all remote hosts.) +-5.607 F(It)5.606 E(functions only when the)117 317.2 Q F0 +(HostStatusDir)2.5 E(ectory)-.18 E F1(option is set.)2.5 E F0 2.5 +(1.3.5. /usr/bin/pur)102 341.2 R(gestat)-.1 E F1 .993 +(This command is also a link to)142 357.4 R F2(sendmail)3.493 E F1 5.993 +(.I)C 3.493<748d>-5.993 G .993 +(ushes all information that is stored in the)-3.493 F F0(HostStatusDir) +117 369.4 Q(ectory)-.18 E F1(tree.)2.5 E F0 2.5(1.3.6. /v)102 393.4 R +(ar/spool/mqueue)-.1 E F1 .218(The directory)142 409.6 R F2 +(/var/spool/mqueue)2.718 E F1 .217 +(should be created to hold the mail queue.)2.718 F .217(This directory) +5.217 F(should be mode 700 and o)117 421.6 Q(wned by root.)-.25 E +(The actual path of this directory is de\214ned in the)142 437.8 Q F0(Q) +2.5 E F1(option of the)2.5 E F2(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1(\214le.)2.5 E F0 +2.5(1.3.7. /v)102 461.8 R(ar/spool/mqueue/.hoststat)-.1 E F1 1.044 +(This is a typical v)142 478 R 1.044(alue for the)-.25 F F0 +(HostStatusDir)3.545 E(ectory)-.18 E F1 1.045 +(option, containing one \214le per host)3.545 F +(that this sendmail has chatted with recently)117 490 Q 5(.I)-.65 G 2.5 +(ti)-5 G 2.5(sn)-2.5 G(ormally a subdirectory of)-2.5 E F2(mqueue)2.5 E +F1(.)A F0 2.5(1.3.8. /etc/aliases*)102 514 R F1 1.493 +(The system aliases are held in \231/etc/aliases\232.)142 530.2 R 3.992 +(As)6.492 G 1.492(ample is gi)-3.992 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.992(ni).15 G +3.992<6e99>-3.992 G 1.492(lib/aliases\232 which)-3.992 F +(includes some aliases which)117 542.2 Q F2(must)2.5 E F1(be de\214ned:) +2.5 E(cp lib/aliases /etc/aliases)157 558.4 Q F2(edit /etc/aliases)157 +570.4 Q F1 -1.1(Yo)117 586.6 S 2.5(us)1.1 G(hould e)-2.5 E +(xtend this \214le with an)-.15 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G +(liases that are apropos to your system.)-2.5 E(Normally)142 602.8 Q F2 +(sendmail)3.609 E F1 1.109(looks at a v)3.609 F 1.109 +(ersion of these \214les maintained by the)-.15 F F2(dbm)3.609 E F1 1.11 +(\(3\) or)1.666 F F2(db)3.61 E F1(\(3\))1.666 E 3.46(routines. These)117 +614.8 R .96(are stored either in \231/etc/aliases.dir\232 and \231/etc/aliases.pag\232 or \231/etc/aliases.db\232) +3.46 F 1.022(depending on which database package you are using.)117 +626.8 R 1.022(These can initially be created as empty)6.022 F +(\214les, b)117 638.8 Q(ut the)-.2 E 2.5(yw)-.15 G(ill ha)-2.5 E .3 -.15 +(ve t)-.2 H 2.5(ob).15 G 2.5(ei)-2.5 G(nitialized promptly)-2.5 E 5(.T) +-.65 G(hese should be mode 644:)-5 E .32 LW 76 648.4 72 648.4 DL 80 +648.4 76 648.4 DL 84 648.4 80 648.4 DL 88 648.4 84 648.4 DL 92 648.4 88 +648.4 DL 96 648.4 92 648.4 DL 100 648.4 96 648.4 DL 104 648.4 100 648.4 +DL 108 648.4 104 648.4 DL 112 648.4 108 648.4 DL 116 648.4 112 648.4 DL +120 648.4 116 648.4 DL 124 648.4 120 648.4 DL 128 648.4 124 648.4 DL 132 +648.4 128 648.4 DL 136 648.4 132 648.4 DL 140 648.4 136 648.4 DL 144 +648.4 140 648.4 DL 148 648.4 144 648.4 DL 152 648.4 148 648.4 DL 156 +648.4 152 648.4 DL 160 648.4 156 648.4 DL 164 648.4 160 648.4 DL 168 +648.4 164 648.4 DL 172 648.4 168 648.4 DL 176 648.4 172 648.4 DL 180 +648.4 176 648.4 DL 184 648.4 180 648.4 DL 188 648.4 184 648.4 DL 192 +648.4 188 648.4 DL 196 648.4 192 648.4 DL 200 648.4 196 648.4 DL 204 +648.4 200 648.4 DL 208 648.4 204 648.4 DL 212 648.4 208 648.4 DL 216 +648.4 212 648.4 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(3)93.6 658.8 Q/F5 8 +/Times-Roman@0 SF(Actually)3.2 I 2.277(,t)-.52 G .277(he pathname v) +-2.277 F .276(aries depending on the operating system; /etc is the preferred directory) +-.2 F 4.276(.S)-.52 G .276(ome older systems install it)-4.276 F(in)72 +671.6 Q/F6 8/Times-Bold@0 SF(/usr/lib/sendmail.cf)2 E F5 2(,a)C(nd I')-2 +E .24 -.12(ve a)-.4 H(lso seen it in).12 E F6(/usr/ucblib)2 E F5(and)2 E +F6(/etc/mail)2 E F5 4(.I)C 2(fy)-4 G(ou w)-2 E(ant to mo)-.08 E .24 -.12 +(ve t)-.12 H(his \214le, change).12 E/F7 8/Times-Italic@0 SF(sr)2 E +(c/conf)-.296 E(.h)-.12 E F5(.)A F4(4)93.6 682 Q F5 .589 +(The system libraries can reference other \214les; in particular)3.2 J +2.589(,s)-.32 G .589(ystem library subroutines that)-2.589 F F7 +(sendmail)2.588 E F5 .588(calls probably reference)2.588 F F7 +(/etc/passwd)72 694.8 Q F5(and)2 E F7(/etc/r)2 E(esolv)-.296 E(.conf) +-.592 E F5(.)A EP +%%Page: 11 7 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q +(SMM:08-11)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(cp /de)157 96 Q +(v/null /etc/aliases.dir)-.25 E(cp /de)157 108 Q +(v/null /etc/aliases.pag)-.25 E(chmod 644 /etc/aliases.*)157 120 Q(ne) +157 132 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E(The)117 148.2 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 +SF(db)2.79 E F1 .29(routines preset the mode reasonably)2.79 F 2.79(,s) +-.65 G 2.79(ot)-2.79 G .29(his step can be skipped.)-2.79 F .29 +(The actual path of this)5.29 F(\214le is de\214ned in the)117 160.2 Q +F0(AliasFile)2.5 E F1(option of the)2.5 E F2(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1 +(\214le.)2.5 E F0 2.5(1.3.9. /etc/r)102 184.2 R(c)-.18 E F1 .155 +(It will be necessary to start up the)142 200.4 R F2(sendmail)2.655 E F1 +.156(daemon when your system reboots.)2.655 F .156(This dae-)5.156 F +1.538(mon performs tw)117 212.4 R 4.037(of)-.1 G 1.537 +(unctions: it listens on the SMTP sock)-4.037 F 1.537 +(et for connections \(to recei)-.1 F 1.837 -.15(ve m)-.25 H(ail).15 E +.442(from a remote system\) and it processes the queue periodically to insure that mail gets deli) +117 224.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(red).15 E(when hosts come up.)117 236.4 Q +.505(Add the follo)142 252.6 R .505(wing lines to \231/etc/rc\232 \(or \231/etc/rc.local\232 as appropriate\) in the area where it) +-.25 F(is starting up the daemons:)117 264.6 Q +(if [ \255f /usr/sbin/sendmail \255a \255f /etc/sendmail.cf ]; then)157 +280.8 Q(\(cd /v)193 292.8 Q(ar/spool/mqueue; rm \255f [lnx]f*\))-.25 E +(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255bd \255q30m &)193 304.8 Q +(echo \255n ' sendmail' >/de)193 316.8 Q(v/console)-.25 E<8c>157 328.8 Q +.173 +(The \231cd\232 and \231rm\232 commands insure that all lock \214les ha) +117 345 R .474 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .174(een remo).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .174 +(d; e).15 F .174(xtraneous lock \214les)-.15 F .005 +(may be left around if the system goes do)117 357 R .004 +(wn in the middle of processing a message.)-.25 F .004(The line that) +5.004 F 2.293(actually in)117 369 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(s).1 E F2 +(sendmail)4.793 E F1 2.293(has tw)4.793 F 4.793<6f8d>-.1 G 2.293 +(ags: \231\255bd\232 causes it to listen on the SMTP port, and)-4.793 F +(\231\255q30m\232 causes it to run the queue e)117 381 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G +(ry half hour).15 E(.)-.55 E .379(Some people use a more comple)142 +397.2 R 2.879(xs)-.15 G .379(tartup script, remo)-2.879 F .378 +(ving zero length qf \214les and df \214les)-.15 F 1.12 +(for which there is no qf \214le.)117 409.2 R -.15(Fo)6.12 G 3.62(re).15 +G 1.121(xample, see Figure 1 for an e)-3.77 F 1.121(xample of a comple) +-.15 F 3.621(xs)-.15 G(tartup)-3.621 E(script.)117 421.2 Q .756 +(If you are not running a v)142 437.4 R .755 +(ersion of UNIX that supports Berk)-.15 F(ele)-.1 E 3.255(yT)-.15 G +(CP/IP)-3.255 E 3.255(,d)-1.11 G 3.255(on)-3.255 G .755(ot include) +-3.255 F(the)117 449.4 Q F0(\255bd)2.5 E F1(\215ag.)2.5 E F0 2.5 +(1.3.10. /usr/lib/sendmail.hf)102 473.4 R F1 2.078 +(This is the help \214le used by the SMTP)142 489.6 R F0(HELP)4.578 E F1 +4.578(command. It)4.578 F 2.078(should be copied from)4.578 F +(\231lib/sendmail.hf\232:)117 501.6 Q(cp lib/sendmail.hf /usr/lib)157 +517.8 Q(The actual path of this \214le is de\214ned in the)117 534 Q F0 +(H)2.5 E F1(option of the)2.5 E F2(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1(\214le.)2.5 E F0 +2.5(1.3.11. /etc/sendmail.st)102 558 R F1 3.04 +(If you wish to collect statistics about your mail traf)142 574.2 R 3.04 +(\214c, you should create the \214le)-.25 F(\231/etc/sendmail.st\232:) +117 586.2 Q(cp /de)157 602.4 Q(v/null /etc/sendmail.st)-.25 E +(chmod 666 /etc/sendmail.st)157 614.4 Q .715(This \214le does not gro) +117 630.6 R 4.516 -.65(w. I)-.25 H 3.216(ti).65 G 3.216(sp)-3.216 G .716 +(rinted with the program \231mailstats/mailstats.c.)-3.216 F 5.716<9a54> +-.7 G .716(he actual path)-5.716 F(of this \214le is de\214ned in the) +117 642.6 Q F0(S)2.5 E F1(option of the)2.5 E F2(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1 +(\214le.)2.5 E F0 2.5(1.3.12. /usr/bin/mailq)102 666.6 R F1(If)142 682.8 +Q F2(sendmail)3.44 E F1 .94(is in)3.44 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.44 +(da).1 G 3.44<7399>-3.44 G(mailq,)-3.44 E 3.439<9a69>-.7 G 3.439(tw) +-3.439 G .939(ill simulate the)-3.439 F F0(\255bp)3.439 E F1 .939 +(\215ag \(i.e.,)3.439 F F2(sendmail)3.439 E F1 .939(will print)3.439 F +(the contents of the mail queue; see belo)117 694.8 Q 2.5(w\). This)-.25 +F(should be a link to /usr/sbin/sendmail.)2.5 E EP +%%Page: 12 8 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-12 Sendmail)72 60 R +(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E .4 LW 77 108 72 108 DL 79 108 74 +108 DL 84 108 79 108 DL 89 108 84 108 DL 94 108 89 108 DL 99 108 94 108 +DL 104 108 99 108 DL 109 108 104 108 DL 114 108 109 108 DL 119 108 114 +108 DL 124 108 119 108 DL 129 108 124 108 DL 134 108 129 108 DL 139 108 +134 108 DL 144 108 139 108 DL 149 108 144 108 DL 154 108 149 108 DL 159 +108 154 108 DL 164 108 159 108 DL 169 108 164 108 DL 174 108 169 108 DL +179 108 174 108 DL 184 108 179 108 DL 189 108 184 108 DL 194 108 189 108 +DL 199 108 194 108 DL 204 108 199 108 DL 209 108 204 108 DL 214 108 209 +108 DL 219 108 214 108 DL 224 108 219 108 DL 229 108 224 108 DL 234 108 +229 108 DL 239 108 234 108 DL 244 108 239 108 DL 249 108 244 108 DL 254 +108 249 108 DL 259 108 254 108 DL 264 108 259 108 DL 269 108 264 108 DL +274 108 269 108 DL 279 108 274 108 DL 284 108 279 108 DL 289 108 284 108 +DL 294 108 289 108 DL 299 108 294 108 DL 304 108 299 108 DL 309 108 304 +108 DL 314 108 309 108 DL 319 108 314 108 DL 324 108 319 108 DL 329 108 +324 108 DL 334 108 329 108 DL 339 108 334 108 DL 344 108 339 108 DL 349 +108 344 108 DL 354 108 349 108 DL 359 108 354 108 DL 364 108 359 108 DL +369 108 364 108 DL 374 108 369 108 DL 379 108 374 108 DL 384 108 379 108 +DL 389 108 384 108 DL 394 108 389 108 DL 399 108 394 108 DL 404 108 399 +108 DL 409 108 404 108 DL 414 108 409 108 DL 419 108 414 108 DL 424 108 +419 108 DL 429 108 424 108 DL 434 108 429 108 DL 439 108 434 108 DL 444 +108 439 108 DL 449 108 444 108 DL 454 108 449 108 DL 459 108 454 108 DL +464 108 459 108 DL 469 108 464 108 DL 474 108 469 108 DL 479 108 474 108 +DL 484 108 479 108 DL 489 108 484 108 DL 494 108 489 108 DL 499 108 494 +108 DL 504 108 499 108 DL/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 2.5(#r)72 132 S(emo) +-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve z)-.15 H(ero length qf \214les).15 E(for qf)72 144 Q +(\214le in qf*)-.25 E(do)72 156 Q(if [ \255r $qf)108 168 Q(\214le ])-.25 +E(then)108 180 Q(if [ ! \255s $qf)144 192 Q(\214le ])-.25 E(then)144 204 +Q(echo \255n " <zero: $qf)180 216 Q(\214le>" > /de)-.25 E(v/console)-.25 +E(rm \255f $qf)180 228 Q(\214le)-.25 E<8c>144 240 Q<8c>108 252 Q(done)72 +264 Q 2.5(#r)72 276 S(ename tf \214les to be qf if the qf does not e) +-2.5 E(xist)-.15 E(for tf)72 288 Q(\214le in tf*)-.25 E(do)72 300 Q(qf) +108 312 Q(\214le=`echo $tf)-.25 E(\214le | sed ')-.25 E(s/t/q/'`)-.55 E +(if [ \255r $tf)108 324 Q(\214le \255a ! \255f $qf)-.25 E(\214le ])-.25 +E(then)108 336 Q(echo \255n " <reco)144 348 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(ring: $tf) +.15 E(\214le>" > /de)-.25 E(v/console)-.25 E(mv $tf)144 360 Q +(\214le $qf)-.25 E(\214le)-.25 E(else)108 372 Q(echo \255n " <e)144 384 +Q(xtra: $tf)-.15 E(\214le>" > /de)-.25 E(v/console)-.25 E(rm \255f $tf) +144 396 Q(\214le)-.25 E<8c>108 408 Q(done)72 420 Q 2.5(#r)72 432 S(emo) +-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve d)-.15 H 2.5<668c>.15 G +(les with no corresponding qf \214les)-2.5 E(for df)72 444 Q +(\214le in df*)-.25 E(do)72 456 Q(qf)108 468 Q(\214le=`echo $df)-.25 E +(\214le | sed ')-.25 E(s/d/q/'`)-.55 E(if [ \255r $df)108 480 Q +(\214le \255a ! \255f $qf)-.25 E(\214le ])-.25 E(then)108 492 Q +(echo \255n " <incomplete: $df)144 504 Q(\214le>" > /de)-.25 E +(v/console)-.25 E(mv $df)144 516 Q(\214le `echo $df)-.25 E +(\214le | sed ')-.25 E(s/d/D/'`)-.55 E<8c>108 528 Q(done)72 540 Q 2.5 +(#a)72 552 S(nnounce \214les that ha)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een sa) +.15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(dd).15 G(uring disaster reco)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 +G(ry).15 E(for xf)72 564 Q(\214le in [A-Z]f*)-.25 E(do)72 576 Q +(echo \255n " <panic: $xf)108 588 Q(\214le>" > /de)-.25 E(v/console)-.25 +E(done)72 600 Q(Figure 1 \212 A comple)214.47 624 Q 2.5(xs)-.15 G +(tartup script)-2.5 E 77 636 72 636 DL 79 636 74 636 DL 84 636 79 636 DL +89 636 84 636 DL 94 636 89 636 DL 99 636 94 636 DL 104 636 99 636 DL 109 +636 104 636 DL 114 636 109 636 DL 119 636 114 636 DL 124 636 119 636 DL +129 636 124 636 DL 134 636 129 636 DL 139 636 134 636 DL 144 636 139 636 +DL 149 636 144 636 DL 154 636 149 636 DL 159 636 154 636 DL 164 636 159 +636 DL 169 636 164 636 DL 174 636 169 636 DL 179 636 174 636 DL 184 636 +179 636 DL 189 636 184 636 DL 194 636 189 636 DL 199 636 194 636 DL 204 +636 199 636 DL 209 636 204 636 DL 214 636 209 636 DL 219 636 214 636 DL +224 636 219 636 DL 229 636 224 636 DL 234 636 229 636 DL 239 636 234 636 +DL 244 636 239 636 DL 249 636 244 636 DL 254 636 249 636 DL 259 636 254 +636 DL 264 636 259 636 DL 269 636 264 636 DL 274 636 269 636 DL 279 636 +274 636 DL 284 636 279 636 DL 289 636 284 636 DL 294 636 289 636 DL 299 +636 294 636 DL 304 636 299 636 DL 309 636 304 636 DL 314 636 309 636 DL +319 636 314 636 DL 324 636 319 636 DL 329 636 324 636 DL 334 636 329 636 +DL 339 636 334 636 DL 344 636 339 636 DL 349 636 344 636 DL 354 636 349 +636 DL 359 636 354 636 DL 364 636 359 636 DL 369 636 364 636 DL 374 636 +369 636 DL 379 636 374 636 DL 384 636 379 636 DL 389 636 384 636 DL 394 +636 389 636 DL 399 636 394 636 DL 404 636 399 636 DL 409 636 404 636 DL +414 636 409 636 DL 419 636 414 636 DL 424 636 419 636 DL 429 636 424 636 +DL 434 636 429 636 DL 439 636 434 636 DL 444 636 439 636 DL 449 636 444 +636 DL 454 636 449 636 DL 459 636 454 636 DL 464 636 459 636 DL 469 636 +464 636 DL 474 636 469 636 DL 479 636 474 636 DL 484 636 479 636 DL 489 +636 484 636 DL 494 636 489 636 DL 499 636 494 636 DL 504 636 499 636 DL +F0 2.5(2. NORMAL)72 672 R(OPERA)2.5 E(TIONS)-.95 E 2.5(2.1. The)87 696 R +(System Log)2.5 E F1 1.511(The system log is supported by the)127 712.2 +R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(syslo)4.011 E(gd)-.1 E F1 1.511 +(\(8\) program.)1.666 F 1.511(All messages from)6.511 F F2(sendmail) +4.011 E F1(are)4.012 E EP +%%Page: 13 9 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q +(SMM:08-13)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(logged under the)102 98 Q/F2 +9/Times-Roman@0 SF(LOG_MAIL)2.5 E F1 -.1(fa)2.5 G(cility).1 E/F3 7 +/Times-Roman@0 SF(5)-4 I F1(.)4 I F0 2.5(2.1.1. F)102 122 R(ormat)-.25 E +F1 .574(Each line in the system log consists of a timestamp, the name of the machine that gener) +142 138.2 R(-)-.2 E .848(ated it \(for logging from se)117 150.2 R -.15 +(ve)-.25 G .848(ral machines o).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.349(rt).15 G .849 +(he local area netw)-3.349 F .849(ork\), the w)-.1 F .849 +(ord \231sendmail:\232,)-.1 F(and a message)117 164.2 Q F3(6)-4 I F1 5 +(.M)4 K(ost messages are a sequence of)-5 E/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF +(name)2.5 E F1(=)A F4(value)A F1(pairs.)2.5 E .68(The tw)142 180.4 R +3.18(om)-.1 G .68 +(ost common lines are logged when a message is processed.)-3.18 F .68 +(The \214rst logs the)5.68 F .376(receipt of a message; there will be e) +117 192.4 R .376(xactly one of these per message.)-.15 F .376 +(Some \214elds may be omit-)5.376 F(ted if the)117 204.4 Q 2.5(yd)-.15 G +2.5(on)-2.5 G(ot contain interesting information.)-2.5 E(Fields are:)5 E +50.06(from The)117 220.6 R(en)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.4 G(lope sender address.) +.15 E 53.95(size The)117 236.8 R(size of the message in bytes.)2.5 E +50.06(class The)117 253 R +(class \(i.e., numeric precedence\) of the message.)2.5 E 58.39(pri The) +117 269.2 R(initial message priority \(used for queue sorting\).)2.5 E +45.06(nrcpts The)117 285.4 R 1.515(number of en)4.015 F -.15(ve)-.4 G +1.514(lope recipients for this message \(after aliasing and for).15 F(-) +-.2 E -.1(wa)189 297.4 S(rding\).).1 E 45.05(msgid The)117 313.6 R +(message id of the message \(from the header\).)2.5 E 48.39(proto The) +117 329.8 R(protocol used to recei)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.25 H +(his message \(e.g., ESMTP or UUCP\)).15 E 49.51(relay The)117 346 R +(machine from which it w)2.5 E(as recei)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(d.).15 E +.43(There is also one line logged per deli)117 362.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G +.43(ry attempt \(so there can be se).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .43 +(ral per message if deli).15 F(v-)-.25 E +(ery is deferred or there are multiple recipients\).)117 374.2 Q +(Fields are:)5 E 61.72(to A)117 390.4 R +(comma-separated list of the recipients to this mailer)2.5 E(.)-.55 E +41.73(ctladdr The)117 406.6 R -.74(``)2.727 G .227(controlling user').74 +F .226(', that is, the name of the user whose credentials we use)-.74 F +(for deli)189 418.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E(.)-.65 E 47.84(delay The) +117 434.8 R 1.303(total delay between the time this message w)3.803 F +1.303(as recei)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.803(da).15 G 1.303(nd the time it) +-3.803 F -.1(wa)189 446.8 S 2.5(sd).1 G(eli)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(red.) +.15 E 42.84(xdelay The)117 463 R .116 +(amount of time needed in this deli)2.616 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .116 +(ry attempt \(normally indicati).15 F .415 -.15(ve o)-.25 H 2.615(ft).15 +G(he)-2.615 E(speed of the connection\).)189 475 Q 43.95(mailer The)117 +491.2 R(name of the mailer used to deli)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rt).15 +G 2.5(ot)-2.5 G(his recipient.)-2.5 E 49.51(relay The)117 507.4 R(name of the host that actually accepted \(or rejected\) this recipient.) +2.5 E 55.61(stat The)117 523.6 R(deli)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry status.) +.15 E(Not all \214elds are present in all messages; for e)117 539.8 Q +(xample, the relay is not listed for local deli)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G +(ries.).15 E F0 2.5(2.1.2. Le)102 563.8 R -.1(ve)-.15 G(ls).1 E F1 .204 +(If you ha)142 580 R -.15(ve)-.2 G F4(syslo)2.854 E(gd)-.1 E F1 .204 +(\(8\) or an equi)1.666 F -.25(va)-.25 G .205 +(lent installed, you will be able to do logging.).25 F .205(There is) +5.205 F 2.788(al)117 592 S(ar)-2.788 E .287 +(ge amount of information that can be logged.)-.18 F .287 +(The log is arranged as a succession of le)5.287 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ls.) +.15 E .65(At the lo)117 604 R .65(west le)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.15(lo) +.15 G .65(nly e)-3.15 F .651(xtremely strange situations are logged.) +-.15 F .651(At the highest le)5.651 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .651(l, e).15 F +-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.151(nt).15 G(he)-3.151 E .826 +(most mundane and uninteresting e)117 616 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .825 +(nts are recorded for posterity).15 F 5.825(.A)-.65 G 3.325(sac)-5.825 G +(on)-3.325 E -.15(ve)-.4 G .825(ntion, log le).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ls) +.15 E .2(under ten are considered generally \231useful;\232 log le)117 +628 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .201(ls abo).15 F .501 -.15(ve 6)-.15 H 2.701(4a) +.15 G .201(re reserv)-2.701 F .201(ed for deb)-.15 F .201(ugging pur)-.2 +F(-)-.2 E 2.5(poses. Le)117 640 R -.15(ve)-.25 G +(ls from 11\25564 are reserv).15 E(ed for v)-.15 E +(erbose information that some sites might w)-.15 E(ant.)-.1 E 2.5(Ac)142 +656.2 S(omplete description of the log le)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G +(ls is gi).15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ns)-2.5 G(ection 4.6.) +-2.5 E .32 LW 76 674.8 72 674.8 DL 80 674.8 76 674.8 DL 84 674.8 80 +674.8 DL 88 674.8 84 674.8 DL 92 674.8 88 674.8 DL 96 674.8 92 674.8 DL +100 674.8 96 674.8 DL 104 674.8 100 674.8 DL 108 674.8 104 674.8 DL 112 +674.8 108 674.8 DL 116 674.8 112 674.8 DL 120 674.8 116 674.8 DL 124 +674.8 120 674.8 DL 128 674.8 124 674.8 DL 132 674.8 128 674.8 DL 136 +674.8 132 674.8 DL 140 674.8 136 674.8 DL 144 674.8 140 674.8 DL 148 +674.8 144 674.8 DL 152 674.8 148 674.8 DL 156 674.8 152 674.8 DL 160 +674.8 156 674.8 DL 164 674.8 160 674.8 DL 168 674.8 164 674.8 DL 172 +674.8 168 674.8 DL 176 674.8 172 674.8 DL 180 674.8 176 674.8 DL 184 +674.8 180 674.8 DL 188 674.8 184 674.8 DL 192 674.8 188 674.8 DL 196 +674.8 192 674.8 DL 200 674.8 196 674.8 DL 204 674.8 200 674.8 DL 208 +674.8 204 674.8 DL 212 674.8 208 674.8 DL 216 674.8 212 674.8 DL/F5 5 +/Times-Roman@0 SF(5)93.6 685.2 Q/F6 8/Times-Roman@0 SF +(Except on Ultrix, which does not support f)3.2 I +(acilities in the syslog.)-.08 E F5(6)93.6 698.8 Q F6(This format may v) +3.2 I(ary slightly if your v)-.2 E(endor has changed the syntax.)-.12 E +EP +%%Page: 14 10 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-14 Sendmail)72 60 R +(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(2.2. Dumping)87 96 R(State) +2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -1.1(Yo)127 112.2 S 2.564(uc)1.1 G .064 +(an ask)-2.564 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.564 E F1 .064(to log a dump of the open \214les and the connection cache by sending it a) +2.564 F/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(SIGUSR1)102 124.2 Q F1 2.5(signal. The)2.5 +F(results are logged at)2.5 E F3(LOG_DEB)2.5 E(UG)-.09 E F1(priority)2.5 +E(.)-.65 E F0 2.5(2.3. The)87 148.2 R(Mail Queue)2.5 E F1 1.283 +(Sometimes a host cannot handle a message immediately)127 164.4 R 6.283 +(.F)-.65 G 1.283(or e)-6.433 F 1.283(xample, it may be do)-.15 F 1.283 +(wn or)-.25 F -.15(ove)102 176.4 S .043 +(rloaded, causing it to refuse connections.).15 F .043 +(The sending host is then e)5.043 F .042(xpected to sa)-.15 F .342 -.15 +(ve t)-.2 H .042(his message).15 F +(in its mail queue and attempt to deli)102 188.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5 +(ri).15 G 2.5(tl)-2.5 G(ater)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E .568 +(Under normal conditions the mail queue will be processed transparently) +127 204.6 R 5.569(.H)-.65 G -.25(ow)-5.569 G -2.15 -.25(ev e).25 H 1.369 +-.4(r, y).25 H .569(ou may).4 F .994(\214nd that manual interv)102 216.6 +R .993(ention is sometimes necessary)-.15 F 5.993(.F)-.65 G .993(or e) +-6.143 F .993(xample, if a major host is do)-.15 F .993(wn for a)-.25 F +1.699(period of time the queue may become clogged.)102 228.6 R(Although) +6.699 E F2(sendmail)4.199 E F1 1.7(ought to reco)4.199 F -.15(ve)-.15 G +4.2(rg).15 G(racefully)-4.2 E(when the host comes up, you may \214nd performance unacceptably bad in the meantime.) +102 240.6 Q F0 2.5(2.3.1. Printing)102 264.6 R(the queue)2.5 E F1 .526 +(The contents of the queue can be printed using the)142 280.8 R F2 +(mailq)3.026 E F1 .526(command \(or by specifying the)3.026 F F0(\255bp) +117 292.8 Q F1(\215ag to)2.5 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(\):)A(mailq)157 309 +Q 1.673(This will produce a listing of the queue id')117 325.2 R 1.673 +(s, the size of the message, the date the message)-.55 F +(entered the queue, and the sender and recipients.)117 337.2 Q F0 2.5 +(2.3.2. F)102 361.2 R(or)-.25 E(cing the queue)-.18 E F2(Sendmail)142 +377.4 Q F1 1.138(should run the queue automatically at interv)3.638 F +3.638(als. The)-.25 F 1.137(algorithm is to read and)3.638 F .355 +(sort the queue, and then to attempt to process all jobs in order)117 +389.4 R 5.355(.W)-.55 G .356(hen it attempts to run the job,)-5.355 F F2 +(sendmail)117 401.4 Q F1(\214rst checks to see if the job is lock)2.5 E +2.5(ed. If)-.1 F(so, it ignores the job)2.5 E(.)-.4 E .338 +(There is no attempt to insure that only one queue processor e)142 417.6 +R .338(xists at an)-.15 F 2.838(yt)-.15 G .338(ime, since there)-2.838 F +.094(is no guarantee that a job cannot tak)117 429.6 R 2.595(ef)-.1 G +(ore)-2.595 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.595(rt).15 G 2.595(op)-2.595 G .095 +(rocess \(ho)-2.595 F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -.4(r,).15 G F2(sendmail) +2.995 E F1 .095(does include heuris-)2.595 F 1.086(tics to try to abort jobs that are taking absurd amounts of time; technically) +117 441.6 R 3.586(,t)-.65 G 1.086(his violates RFC)-3.586 F .461(821, b) +117 453.6 R .461(ut is blessed by RFC 1123\).)-.2 F .461 +(Due to the locking algorithm, it is impossible for one job to)5.461 F +1.087(freeze the entire queue.)117 465.6 R(Ho)6.086 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve) +-.25 G 1.886 -.4(r, a).15 H 3.586(nu).4 G(ncooperati)-3.586 E 1.386 -.15 +(ve r)-.25 H 1.086(ecipient host or a program recipient that).15 F(ne) +117 477.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.35(rr).15 G .85(eturns can accumulate man) +-3.35 F 3.351(yp)-.15 G .851(rocesses in your system.)-3.351 F +(Unfortunately)5.851 E 3.351(,t)-.65 G .851(here is no com-)-3.351 F +(pletely general w)117 489.6 Q(ay to solv)-.1 E 2.5(et)-.15 G(his.)-2.5 +E .082(In some cases, you may \214nd that a major host going do)142 +505.8 R .082(wn for a couple of days may create)-.25 F 2.924(ap)117 +517.8 S(rohibiti)-2.924 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .424(ly lar).15 F .424 +(ge queue.)-.18 F .424(This will result in)5.424 F F2(sendmail)2.924 E +F1 .425(spending an inordinate amount of time)2.924 F 1.085 +(sorting the queue.)117 529.8 R 1.085(This situation can be \214x)6.085 +F 1.084(ed by mo)-.15 F 1.084(ving the queue to a temporary place and) +-.15 F .022(creating a ne)117 541.8 R 2.522(wq)-.25 G 2.522(ueue. The) +-2.522 F .022(old queue can be run later when the of)2.522 F .023 +(fending host returns to service.)-.25 F 1.6 -.8(To d)142 558 T 2.5(ot) +.8 G(his, it is acceptable to mo)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.15 H +(he entire queue directory:).15 E(cd /v)157 574.2 Q(ar/spool)-.25 E +(mv mqueue omqueue; mkdir mqueue; chmod 700 mqueue)157 586.2 Q -1.1(Yo) +117 602.4 S 2.709(us)1.1 G .209(hould then kill the e)-2.709 F .209(xisting daemon \(since it will still be processing in the old queue direc-) +-.15 F(tory\) and create a ne)117 614.4 Q 2.5(wd)-.25 G(aemon.)-2.5 E +1.6 -.8(To r)142 630.6 T(un the old mail queue, run the follo).8 E +(wing command:)-.25 E(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255oQ/v)157 646.8 Q +(ar/spool/omqueue \255q)-.25 E(The)117 663 Q F0(\255oQ)2.867 E F1 .367 +(\215ag speci\214es an alternate queue directory and the)2.867 F F0 +<ad71>2.867 E F1 .367(\215ag says to just run e)2.867 F -.15(ve)-.25 G +.368(ry job in).15 F .594(the queue.)117 675 R .594(If you ha)5.594 F +.894 -.15(ve a t)-.2 H(endenc).15 E 3.093(yt)-.15 G -2.1 -.25(ow a) +-3.093 H .593(rd v).25 F -.1(oy)-.2 G .593(eurism, you can use the).1 F +F0<ad76>3.093 E F1 .593(\215ag to w)3.093 F .593(atch what is)-.1 F +(going on.)117 687 Q(When the queue is \214nally emptied, you can remo) +142 703.2 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.15 H(he directory:).15 E EP +%%Page: 15 11 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q +(SMM:08-15)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(rmdir /v)157 96 Q +(ar/spool/omqueue)-.25 E F0 2.5(2.4. Disk)87 124.2 R +(Based Connection Inf)2.5 E(ormation)-.25 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF +(Sendmail)127 140.4 Q F1 .596(stores a lar)3.096 F .597 +(ge amount of information about each remote system it has connected to) +-.18 F 1.128(in memory)102 152.4 R 3.628(.I)-.65 G 3.628(ti)-3.628 G +3.628(sn)-3.628 G 1.627 -.25(ow p)-3.628 H 1.127(ossible to preserv).25 +F 3.627(es)-.15 G 1.127 +(ome of this information on disk as well, by using the)-3.627 F F0 +(HostStatusDir)102 164.4 Q(ectory)-.18 E F1 1.705 +(option, so that it may be shared between se)4.205 F -.15(ve)-.25 G +1.705(ral in).15 F -.2(vo)-.4 G 1.705(cations of).2 F F2(sendmail)4.205 +E F1(.)A .284(This allo)102 176.4 R .283(ws mail to be queued immediately or skipped during a queue run if there has been a recent) +-.25 F -.1(fa)102 188.4 S(ilure in connecting to a remote machine.).1 E +1.438(Additionally enabling)127 204.6 R F0(SingleThr)3.939 E(eadDeli) +-.18 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(ry).1 E F1 1.439(has the added ef)3.939 F 1.439 +(fect of single-threading mail)-.25 F(deli)102 216.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G +1.611(ry to a destination.).15 F 1.611 +(This can be quite helpful if the remote machine is running an SMTP) +6.611 F(serv)102 228.6 Q 1.01(er that is easily o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G +1.011 +(rloaded or cannot accept more than a single connection at a time, b).15 +F 1.011(ut can)-.2 F .458 +(cause some messages to be punted to a future queue run.)102 240.6 R +.458(It also applies to)5.458 F F2(all)2.958 E F1 .457 +(hosts, so setting this)2.958 F .281(because you ha)102 252.6 R .581 +-.15(ve o)-.2 H .281(ne machine on site that runs some softw).15 F .281 +(are that is easily o)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .282(rrun can cause mail).15 +F .315(to other hosts to be slo)102 264.6 R .315(wed do)-.25 F 2.815 +(wn. If)-.25 F .315(this option is set, you probably w)2.815 F .315 +(ant to set the)-.1 F F0(MinQueueAge)2.815 E F1 1.177 +(option as well and run the queue f)102 276.6 R 1.177 +(airly frequently; this will cause hosts that are skipped because)-.1 F +(another)102 288.6 Q F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1 +(instance is talking to it to be tried ag)2.5 E(ain soon.)-.05 E .303 +(The disk based host information is stored in a subdirectory of of the) +127 304.8 R F0(mqueue)2.803 E F1 .303(directory called)2.803 F F0 +(.hoststat)102 318.8 Q/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(7)-4 I F1 6.749(.R)4 K(emo) +-6.749 E 1.749(ving this directory and its subdirectories has an ef)-.15 +F 1.75(fect similar to the)-.25 F F2(pur)4.25 E -.1(ge)-.37 G(stat).1 E +F1 .046(command and is completely safe.)102 330.8 R .045 +(The information in these directories can be perused with the)5.046 F F2 +(host-)2.545 E(stat)102 342.8 Q F1 .513(command, which will indicate the host name, the last access, and the status of that access.) +3.012 F(An)5.513 E .69 +(asterisk in the left most column indicates that a)102 354.8 R F2 +(sendmail)3.19 E F1 .69(process currently has the host lock)3.19 F .69 +(ed for)-.1 F(mail deli)102 366.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E(.)-.65 E .53 +(The disk based connection information is treated the same w)127 383 R +.53(ay as memory based connection)-.1 F .536 +(information for the purpose of timeouts.)102 395 R .536(By def)5.536 F +.536(ault, information about host f)-.1 F .536(ailures is v)-.1 F .536 +(alid for 30)-.25 F 2.5(minutes. This)102 407 R +(can be adjusted with the)2.5 E F0 -.18(Ti)2.5 G(meout.hoststatus).18 E +F1(option.)2.5 E .022 +(The connection information stored on disk may be pur)127 423.2 R .023 +(ged at an)-.18 F 2.523(yt)-.15 G .023(ime with the)-2.523 F F2(pur) +2.523 E -.1(ge)-.37 G(stat).1 E F1(com-)2.523 E .95(mand or by in)102 +435.2 R -.2(vo)-.4 G .949(king sendmail with the).2 F F0(\255bH)3.449 E +F1 3.449(switch. The)3.449 F .949(connection information may be vie) +3.449 F(wed)-.25 E(with the)102 447.2 Q F2(hoststat)2.5 E F1 +(command or by in)2.5 E -.2(vo)-.4 G(king sendmail with the).2 E F0 +(\255bh)2.5 E F1(switch.)2.5 E F0 2.5(2.5. The)87 471.2 R(Ser)2.5 E +(vice Switch)-.1 E F1 1.416(The implementation of certain system services such as host and user name lookup is con-) +127 487.4 R .336(trolled by the service switch.)102 499.4 R .336 +(If the host operating system supports such a switch)5.336 F F2 +(sendmail)2.835 E F1 .335(will use)2.835 F(the nati)102 511.4 Q .3 -.15 +(ve ve)-.25 H 2.5(rsion. 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Reb)102 96 R(uilding the alias database) +-.2 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .542(The DB or DBM v)142 112.2 R .542 +(ersion of the database may be reb)-.15 F .542(uilt e)-.2 F .542 +(xplicitly by e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .542(cuting the com-).15 F(mand) +117 124.2 Q(ne)157 140.4 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E(This is equi)117 +156.6 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to gi).25 E(ving)-.25 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 +SF(sendmail)2.5 E F1(the)2.5 E F0(\255bi)2.5 E F1(\215ag:)2.5 E +(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255bi)157 172.8 Q 2.29(If the)142 193.2 R F0(Reb) +4.79 E(uildAliases)-.2 E F1(\(old)4.79 E F0(D)4.79 E F1 4.79(\)o)C 2.29 +(ption is speci\214ed in the con\214guration,)-4.79 F F2(sendmail)4.79 E +F1(will)4.79 E(reb)117 205.2 Q .775(uild the alias database automatically if possible when it is out of date.) +-.2 F(Auto-reb)5.774 E .774(uild can be)-.2 F 1.853(dangerous on hea)117 +217.2 R 1.853(vily loaded machines with lar)-.2 F 1.853 +(ge alias \214les; if it might tak)-.18 F 4.354(em)-.1 G 1.854 +(ore than the)-4.354 F(reb)117 229.2 Q 2.832(uild timeout \(option)-.2 F +F0(AliasW)5.332 E(ait)-.65 E F1 5.332(,o)C(ld)-5.332 E F0(a)5.332 E F1 +5.332(,w)C 2.831(hich is normally \214v)-5.332 F 5.331(em)-.15 G 2.831 +(inutes\) to reb)-5.331 F 2.831(uild the)-.2 F +(database, there is a chance that se)117 241.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G +(ral processes will start the reb).15 E(uild process simultaneously)-.2 +E(.)-.65 E 1.77(If you ha)142 257.4 R 2.07 -.15(ve m)-.2 H 1.77 +(ultiple aliases databases speci\214ed, the).15 F F0(\255bi)4.27 E F1 +1.77(\215ag reb)4.27 F 1.77(uilds all the database)-.2 F +(types it understands \(for e)117 269.4 Q(xample, it can reb)-.15 E +(uild NDBM databases b)-.2 E(ut not NIS databases\).)-.2 E F0 2.5 +(2.6.2. 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Before).05 F F2(sendmail)2.836 E F1 .336 +(will access the database, it checks to insure that)2.836 F +(this entry e)117 468.2 Q(xists)-.15 E/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(10)-4 I F1 +(.)4 I F0 2.5(2.6.3. List)102 492.2 R -.1(ow)2.5 G(ners).1 E F1 .4 +(If an error occurs on sending to a certain address, say \231)142 508.4 +R F2(x)A F1<9a2c>A F2(sendmail)2.901 E F1 .401(will look for an alias) +2.901 F .418(of the form \231o)117 520.4 R(wner)-.25 E(-)-.2 E F2(x)A F1 +2.918<9a74>C 2.918(or)-2.918 G(ecei)-2.918 E .718 -.15(ve t)-.25 H .418 +(he errors.).15 F .417 +(This is typically useful for a mailing list where the)5.418 F 1.116 +(submitter of the list has no control o)117 532.4 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.617 +(rt).15 G 1.117 +(he maintenance of the list itself; in this case the list)-3.617 F +(maintainer w)117 544.4 Q(ould be the o)-.1 E(wner of the list.)-.25 E +-.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample:)-2.65 E +(unix-wizards: eric@ucbarpa, wnj@monet, nosuchuser)157 560.6 Q(,)-.4 E +(sam@matisse)193 572.6 Q -.25(ow)157 584.6 S(ner).25 E +(-unix-wizards: unix-wizards-request)-.2 E +(unix-wizards-request: eric@ucbarpa)157 596.6 Q -.1(wo)117 612.8 S .689 +(uld cause \231eric@ucbarpa\232 to get the error that will occur when someone sends to unix-wiz-) +.1 F(ards due to the inclusion of \231nosuchuser\232 on the list.)117 +624.8 Q .958(List o)142 641 R .958(wners also cause the en)-.25 F -.15 +(ve)-.4 G .959(lope sender address to be modi\214ed.).15 F .959 +(The contents of the)5.959 F -.25(ow)117 653 S .429 +(ner alias are used if the).25 F 2.929(yp)-.15 G .429 +(oint to a single user)-2.929 F 2.928(,o)-.4 G .428 +(therwise the name of the alias itself is used.)-2.928 F -.15(Fo)117 665 +S 3.454(rt).15 G .954(his reason, and to obe)-3.454 F 3.454(yI)-.15 G +.954(nternet con)-3.454 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .954(ntions, the \231o).15 F +(wner)-.25 E .955(-\232 address normally points at the)-.2 F .504(\231-request\232 address; this causes messages to go out with the typical Internet con) +117 677 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .503(ntion of using).15 F .32 LW 76 686.6 72 +686.6 DL 80 686.6 76 686.6 DL 84 686.6 80 686.6 DL 88 686.6 84 686.6 DL +92 686.6 88 686.6 DL 96 686.6 92 686.6 DL 100 686.6 96 686.6 DL 104 +686.6 100 686.6 DL 108 686.6 104 686.6 DL 112 686.6 108 686.6 DL 116 +686.6 112 686.6 DL 120 686.6 116 686.6 DL 124 686.6 120 686.6 DL 128 +686.6 124 686.6 DL 132 686.6 128 686.6 DL 136 686.6 132 686.6 DL 140 +686.6 136 686.6 DL 144 686.6 140 686.6 DL 148 686.6 144 686.6 DL 152 +686.6 148 686.6 DL 156 686.6 152 686.6 DL 160 686.6 156 686.6 DL 164 +686.6 160 686.6 DL 168 686.6 164 686.6 DL 172 686.6 168 686.6 DL 176 +686.6 172 686.6 DL 180 686.6 176 686.6 DL 184 686.6 180 686.6 DL 188 +686.6 184 686.6 DL 192 686.6 188 686.6 DL 196 686.6 192 686.6 DL 200 +686.6 196 686.6 DL 204 686.6 200 686.6 DL 208 686.6 204 686.6 DL 212 +686.6 208 686.6 DL 216 686.6 212 686.6 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(10)93.6 +697 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(The)3.2 I/F6 8/Times-Bold@0 SF(AliasW)2 E +(ait)-.52 E F5 +(option is required in the con\214guration for this action to occur)2 E +4(.T)-.44 G(his should normally be speci\214ed.)-4 E EP +%%Page: 18 14 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-18 Sendmail)72 60 R +(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.74(``) +117 96 S/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(list).74 E F1(-request')A 2.5('a)-.74 G +2.5(st)-2.5 G(he return address.)-2.5 E F0 2.5(2.7. User)87 120 R(Inf) +2.5 E(ormation Database)-.25 E F1 1.059(If you ha)127 136.2 R 1.359 -.15 +(ve a ve)-.2 H 1.059(rsion of).15 F F2(sendmail)3.559 E F1 1.06 +(with the user information database compiled in, and you)3.559 F(ha)102 +148.2 Q 2.206 -.15(ve s)-.2 H 1.906 +(peci\214ed one or more databases using the).15 F F0(U)4.406 E F1 1.905 +(option, the databases will be searched for a)4.406 F F2(user)102 160.2 +Q F1(:maildrop entry)A 5(.I)-.65 G 2.5(ff)-5 G +(ound, the mail will be sent to the speci\214ed address.)-2.5 E F0 2.5 +(2.8. P)87 184.2 R(er)-.2 E(-User F)-.37 E(orwarding \(.f)-.25 E +(orward Files\))-.25 E F1 .12(As an alternati)127 200.4 R .42 -.15(ve t) +-.25 H 2.62(ot).15 G .12(he alias database, an)-2.62 F 2.62(yu)-.15 G +.121(ser may put a \214le with the name \231.forw)-2.62 F .121 +(ard\232 in his)-.1 F .205(or her home directory)102 212.4 R 5.205(.I) +-.65 G 2.705(ft)-5.205 G .205(his \214le e)-2.705 F(xists,)-.15 E F2 +(sendmail)2.705 E F1 .205 +(redirects mail for that user to the list of addresses)2.705 F .908 +(listed in the .forw)102 224.4 R .908(ard \214le.)-.1 F -.15(Fo)5.908 G +3.408(re).15 G .908 +(xample, if the home directory for user \231mckusick\232 has a .forw) +-3.558 F(ard)-.1 E(\214le with contents:)102 236.4 Q(mckusick@ernie)142 +252.6 Q(kirk@calder)142 264.6 Q(then an)102 280.8 Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G +(ail arri)-2.5 E(ving for \231mckusick\232 will be redirected to the speci\214ed accounts.) +-.25 E(Actually)127 297 Q 3.375(,t)-.65 G .874(he con\214guration \214le de\214nes a sequence of \214lenames to check.) +-3.375 F .874(By def)5.874 F .874(ault, this is)-.1 F .687(the user')102 +309 R 3.187(s.)-.55 G(forw)-3.187 E .687(ard \214le, b)-.1 F .687 +(ut can be de\214ned to be more generally using the)-.2 F F0(J)3.187 E +F1 3.188(option. If)3.188 F .688(you change)3.188 F .393 +(this, you will ha)102 321 R .693 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.893(oi).15 G .393 +(nform your user base of the change; .forw)-2.893 F .393 +(ard is pretty well incorporated into)-.1 F(the collecti)102 333 Q .3 +-.15(ve s)-.25 H(ubconscious.).15 E F0 2.5(2.9. Special)87 357 R +(Header Lines)2.5 E F1(Se)127 373.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.897 +(ral header lines ha).15 F 2.197 -.15(ve s)-.2 H 1.897 +(pecial interpretations de\214ned by the con\214guration \214le.).15 F +(Others)6.898 E(ha)102 385.2 Q 1.206 -.15(ve i)-.2 H .906 +(nterpretations b).15 F .906(uilt into)-.2 F F2(sendmail)3.406 E F1 .905 +(that cannot be changed without changing the code.)3.406 F(These)5.905 E +-.2(bu)102 397.2 S(iltins are described here.).2 E F0 2.5(2.9.1. Err)102 +421.2 R(ors-T)-.18 E(o:)-.92 E F1 .22(If errors occur an)142 437.4 R .22 +(ywhere during processing, this header will cause error messages to go to) +-.15 F(the listed addresses.)117 449.4 Q +(This is intended for mailing lists.)5 E .385(The Errors-T)142 465.6 R +.385(o: header w)-.8 F .384 +(as created in the bad old days when UUCP didn')-.1 F 2.884(tu)-.18 G +.384(nderstand the)-2.884 F .889(distinction between an en)117 477.6 R +-.15(ve)-.4 G .889(lope and a header; this w).15 F .889 +(as a hack to pro)-.1 F .89(vide what should no)-.15 F 3.39(wb)-.25 G(e) +-3.39 E .81(passed as the en)117 489.6 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .81 +(lope sender address.).15 F .809(It should go a)5.81 F -.1(wa)-.15 G +4.609 -.65(y. I).1 H 3.309(ti).65 G 3.309(so)-3.309 G .809 +(nly used if the)-3.309 F F0(UseErr)3.309 E(orsT)-.18 E(o)-.92 E F1 +(option is set.)117 501.6 Q(The Errors-T)142 517.8 Q(o: header is of)-.8 +E(\214cial deprecated and will go a)-.25 E -.1(wa)-.15 G 2.5(yi).1 G 2.5 +(naf)-2.5 G(uture release.)-2.5 E F0 2.5(2.9.2. A)102 541.8 R(ppar)-.25 +E(ently-T)-.18 E(o:)-.92 E F1 .044 +(RFC 822 requires at least one recipient \214eld \(T)142 558 R .045 +(o:, Cc:, or Bcc: line\) in e)-.8 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .045(ry message.).15 +F .045(If a)5.045 F .562 +(message comes in with no recipients listed in the message then)117 570 +R F2(sendmail)3.062 E F1 .562(will adjust the header)3.062 F .085 +(based on the \231NoRecipientAction\232 option.)117 582 R .085 +(One of the possible actions is to add an \231)5.085 F(Apparently-)-.8 E +-.8(To)117 594 S .08(:\232 header line for an).8 F 2.58(yr)-.15 G .08 +(ecipients it is a)-2.58 F -.1(wa)-.15 G .08(re of.).1 F .08 +(This is not put in as a standard recipient line to)5.08 F -.1(wa)117 +606 S(rn an).1 E 2.5(yr)-.15 G(ecipients that the list is not complete.) +-2.5 E(The Apparently-T)142 622.2 Q +(o: header is non-standard and is deprecated.)-.8 E F0 2.5(2.9.3. Pr)102 +646.2 R(ecedence)-.18 E F1 .425(The Precedence: header can be used as a crude control of message priority) +142 662.4 R 5.425(.I)-.65 G 2.925(tt)-5.425 G .425(weaks the)-2.925 F(sort order in the queue and can be con\214gured to change the message timeout v) +117 674.4 Q(alues.)-.25 E EP +%%Page: 19 15 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q +(SMM:08-19)195.86 E 2.5(2.10. IDENT)87 96 R(Pr)2.5 E(otocol Support)-.18 +E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Sendmail)127 112.2 Q/F2 10/Times-Roman@0 SF +1.835(supports the IDENT protocol as de\214ned in RFC 1413.)4.335 F +1.835(Although this enhances)6.835 F .289 +(identi\214cation of the author of an email message by doing a `)102 +124.2 R .29(`call back')-.74 F 2.79('t)-.74 G 2.79(ot)-2.79 G .29 +(he originating system to)-2.79 F .469(include the o)102 136.2 R .469(wner of a particular TCP connection in the audit trail it is in no sense perfect; a deter) +-.25 F(-)-.2 E 1.293(mined for)102 148.2 R 1.294 +(ger can easily spoof the IDENT protocol.)-.18 F 1.294(The follo)6.294 F +1.294(wing description is e)-.25 F 1.294(xcerpted from)-.15 F(RFC 1413:) +102 160.2 Q 2.5(6. Security)127 176.4 R(Considerations)2.5 E .006 +(The information returned by this protocol is at most as trustw)127 +192.6 R(orth)-.1 E 2.505(ya)-.05 G 2.505(st)-2.505 G .005(he host pro) +-2.505 F .005(viding it OR)-.15 F .273(the or)127 204.6 R -.05(ga)-.18 G +.273(nization operating the host.).05 F -.15(Fo)5.273 G 2.773(re).15 G +.274(xample, a PC in an open lab has fe)-2.923 F 2.774(wi)-.25 G 2.774 +(fa)-2.774 G .574 -.15(ny c)-2.774 H(ontrols).15 E .987(on it to pre)127 +216.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .986(nt a user from ha).15 F .986 +(ving this protocol return an)-.2 F 3.486(yi)-.15 G .986 +(denti\214er the user w)-3.486 F 3.486(ants. Lik)-.1 F(e-)-.1 E 1.441(wise, if the host has been compromised the information returned may be completely erro-) +127 228.6 R(neous and misleading.)127 240.6 Q .521(The Identi\214cation Protocol is not intended as an authorization or access control protocol.) +127 256.8 R(At)5.52 E 1.036(best, it pro)127 268.8 R 1.037(vides some additional auditing information with respect to TCP connections.) +-.15 F(At)6.037 E -.1(wo)127 280.8 S(rst, it can pro).1 E +(vide misleading, incorrect, or maliciously incorrect information.)-.15 +E 1.006(The use of the information returned by this protocol for other than auditing is strongly dis-) +127 297 R 2.697(couraged. Speci\214cally)127 309 R 2.697(,u)-.65 G .197 +(sing Identi\214cation Protocol information to mak)-2.697 F 2.697(ea)-.1 +G .197(ccess control deci-)-2.697 F .514(sions - either as the primary method \(i.e., no other checks\) or as an adjunct to other methods) +127 321 R(may result in a weak)127 333 Q(ening of normal host security) +-.1 E(.)-.65 E 1.778(An Identi\214cation serv)127 349.2 R 1.778 +(er may re)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.778 +(al information about users, entities, objects or processes).15 F .337 +(which might normally be considered pri)127 361.2 R -.25(va)-.25 G 2.836 +(te. An).25 F .336(Identi\214cation serv)2.836 F .336(er pro)-.15 F .336 +(vides service which)-.15 F .806 +(is a rough analog of the CallerID services pro)127 373.2 R .806 +(vided by some phone companies and man)-.15 F 3.306(yo)-.15 G(f)-3.306 E +1.398(the same pri)127 385.2 R -.25(va)-.25 G 1.698 -.15(cy c).25 H +1.398(onsiderations and ar).15 F 1.398 +(guments that apply to the CallerID service apply to)-.18 F 3.545 +(Identi\214cation. If)127 397.2 R 1.045(you w)3.545 F(ouldn')-.1 E 3.545 +(tr)-.18 G 1.045(un a "\214nger" serv)-3.545 F 1.046(er due to pri)-.15 +F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.346 -.15(cy c).25 H 1.046(onsiderations you may).15 F +(not w)127 409.2 Q(ant to run this protocol.)-.1 E .377 +(In some cases your system may not w)102 425.4 R .377 +(ork properly with IDENT support due to a b)-.1 F .376(ug in the TCP/IP) +-.2 F 3.675(implementation. The)102 437.4 R 1.175(symptoms will be that for some hosts the SMTP connection will be closed) +3.675 F .566(almost immediately)102 449.4 R 5.566(.I)-.65 G 3.066(ft) +-5.566 G .565(his is true or if you do not w)-3.066 F .565 +(ant to use IDENT)-.1 F 3.065(,y)-.74 G .565(ou should set the IDENT) +-3.065 F(timeout to zero; this will disable the IDENT protocol.)102 +461.4 Q F0 2.5(3. ARGUMENTS)72 485.4 R F2 .017(The complete list of ar) +112 501.6 R .017(guments to)-.18 F F1(sendmail)2.517 E F2 .017 +(is described in detail in Appendix A.)2.517 F .018(Some important)5.018 +F(ar)87 513.6 Q(guments are described here.)-.18 E F0 2.5(3.1. Queue)87 +537.6 R(Inter)2.5 E -.1(va)-.1 G(l).1 E F2 .455(The amount of time between forking a process to run through the queue is de\214ned by the) +127 553.8 R F0<ad71>2.955 E F2 2.675(\215ag. If)102 565.8 R .175 +(you run with deli)2.675 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .175(ry mode set to).15 F F0 +(i)2.675 E F2(or)2.675 E F0(b)2.675 E F2 .176(this can be relati)2.675 F +-.15(ve)-.25 G .176(ly lar).15 F .176(ge, since it will only be rel-) +-.18 F -.25(eva)102 577.8 S .207(nt when a host that w).25 F .207(as do) +-.1 F .207(wn comes back up.)-.25 F .206(If you run in)5.207 F F0(q) +2.706 E F2 .206(mode it should be relati)2.706 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .206 +(ly short,).15 F 1.039(since it de\214nes the maximum amount of time that a message may sit in the queue.) +102 589.8 R 1.039(\(See also the)6.039 F(MinQueueAge option.\))102 601.8 +Q 1.336(RFC 1123 section 5.3.1.1 says that this v)127 618 R 1.335 +(alue should be at least 30 minutes \(although that)-.25 F +(probably doesn')102 630 Q 2.5(tm)-.18 G(ak)-2.5 E 2.5(es)-.1 G +(ense if you use `)-2.5 E(`queue-only')-.74 E 2.5('m)-.74 G(ode\).)-2.5 +E F0 2.5(3.2. Daemon)87 654 R(Mode)2.5 E F2 .084(If you allo)127 670.2 R +2.584(wi)-.25 G .084(ncoming mail o)-2.584 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.585(ra).15 +G 2.585(nI)-2.585 G .085(PC connection, you should ha)-2.585 F .385 -.15 +(ve a d)-.2 H .085(aemon running.).15 F(This)5.085 E .07 +(should be set by your)102 682.2 R F1(/etc/r)2.57 E(c)-.37 E F2 .07 +(\214le using the)2.57 F F0(\255bd)2.57 E F2 2.569(\215ag. The)2.57 F F0 +(\255bd)2.569 E F2 .069(\215ag and the)2.569 F F0<ad71>2.569 E F2 .069 +(\215ag may be combined)2.569 F(in one call:)102 694.2 Q +(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255bd \255q30m)142 710.4 Q EP +%%Page: 20 16 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-20 Sendmail)72 60 R +(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .292 +(An alternati)127 96 R .592 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .292(pproach is to in).15 F +-.2(vo)-.4 G .493 -.1(ke s).2 H .293(endmail from).1 F/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(inetd)2.793 E F1 .293(\(8\) \(use the)B F0(\255bs) +2.793 E F1 .293(\215ag to ask sendmail)2.793 F .255 +(to speak SMTP on its standard input and output\).)102 108 R .255 +(This w)5.255 F .255(orks and allo)-.1 F .255(ws you to wrap)-.25 F F2 +(sendmail)2.755 E F1 .255(in a)2.755 F 1.39(TCP wrapper program, b)102 +120 R 1.39(ut may be a bit slo)-.2 F 1.39 +(wer since the con\214guration \214le has to be re-read on)-.25 F -2.15 +-.25(ev e)102 132 T .556(ry message that comes in.).25 F .556 +(If you do this, you still need to ha)5.556 F .856 -.15(ve a)-.2 H F2 +(sendmail)3.206 E F1 .555(running to \215ush the)3.055 F(queue:)102 144 +Q(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255q30m)142 160.2 Q F0 2.5(3.3. F)87 188.4 R(or) +-.25 E(cing the Queue)-.18 E F1 .04(In some cases you may \214nd that the queue has gotten clogged for some reason.) +127 204.6 R -1.1(Yo)5.04 G 2.54(uc)1.1 G .04(an force)-2.54 F 3.185(aq) +102 216.6 S .685(ueue run using the)-3.185 F F0<ad71>3.184 E F1 .684 +(\215ag \(with no v)3.184 F 3.184(alue\). It)-.25 F .684 +(is entertaining to use the)3.184 F F0<ad76>3.184 E F1 .684(\215ag \(v) +3.184 F .684(erbose\) when)-.15 F(this is done to w)102 228.6 Q +(atch what happens:)-.1 E(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255q \255v)142 244.8 Q +-1.1(Yo)127 265.2 S 4.004(uc)1.1 G 1.504 +(an also limit the jobs to those with a particular queue identi\214er) +-4.004 F 4.004(,s)-.4 G(ender)-4.004 E 4.004(,o)-.4 G 4.004(rr)-4.004 G +(ecipient)-4.004 E .687(using one of the queue modi\214ers.)102 277.2 R +-.15(Fo)5.687 G 3.187(re).15 G .687(xample, \231\255qRberk)-3.337 F(ele) +-.1 E .686(y\232 restricts the queue run to jobs that)-.15 F(ha)102 +289.2 Q .525 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .225(he string \231berk).15 F(ele)-.1 E +.225(y\232 some)-.15 F .225(where in one of the recipient addresses.) +-.25 F(Similarly)5.226 E 2.726<2c99>-.65 G .226(\255qSstring\232 lim-) +-2.726 F(its the run to particular senders and \231\255qIstring\232 limits it to particular queue identi\214ers.) +102 301.2 Q F0 2.5(3.4. Deb)87 325.2 R(ugging)-.2 E F1 1.365 +(There are a f)127 341.4 R 1.365(airly lar)-.1 F 1.365(ge number of deb) +-.18 F 1.365(ug \215ags b)-.2 F 1.365(uilt into)-.2 F F2(sendmail)3.865 +E F1 6.365(.E)C 1.365(ach deb)-6.365 F 1.365(ug \215ag has a)-.2 F 1.116 +(number and a le)102 353.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.116(l, where higher le).15 +F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.116(ls means to print out more information.).15 F +1.116(The con)6.116 F -.15(ve)-.4 G 1.116(ntion is).15 F .294(that le) +102 365.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .294(ls greater than nine are \231absurd,).15 +F 2.794<9a69>-.7 G .294(.e., the)-2.794 F 2.794(yp)-.15 G .293 +(rint out so much information that you w)-2.794 F(ouldn')-.1 E(t)-.18 E +.691(normally w)102 377.4 R .692(ant to see them e)-.1 F .692 +(xcept for deb)-.15 F .692(ugging that particular piece of code.)-.2 F +(Deb)5.692 E .692(ug \215ags are set)-.2 F(using the)102 389.4 Q F0 +<ad64>2.5 E F1(option; the syntax is:)2.5 E(deb)142 405.6 Q(ug-\215ag:) +-.2 E F0<ad64>12.78 E F1(deb)2.5 E(ug-list)-.2 E(deb)142 417.6 Q 13.05 +(ug-list: deb)-.2 F(ug-option [ , deb)-.2 E(ug-option ]*)-.2 E(deb)142 +429.6 Q -.28(ug-option: deb)-.2 F(ug-range [ . deb)-.2 E(ug-le)-.2 E +-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l]).15 G(deb)142 441.6 Q 3.07(ug-range: inte)-.2 F +(ger | inte)-.15 E(ger \255 inte)-.15 E(ger)-.15 E(deb)142 453.6 Q +(ug-le)-.2 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 6.24(l: inte).15 F(ger)-.15 E +(where spaces are for reading ease only)102 469.8 Q 5(.F)-.65 G(or e) +-5.15 E(xample,)-.15 E 34.99(\255d12 Set)142 486 R(\215ag 12 to le)2.5 E +-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l1).15 G 27.49(\255d12.3 Set)142 498 R +(\215ag 12 to le)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l3).15 G 24.35 +(\255d3\25517 Set)142 510 R(\215ags 3 through 17 to le)2.5 E -.15(ve) +-.25 G 2.5(l1).15 G 16.85(\255d3\25517.4 Set)142 522 R +(\215ags 3 through 17 to le)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l4).15 G -.15(Fo) +102 538.2 S 4.066(rac).15 G 1.566(omplete list of the a)-4.066 F -.25 +(va)-.2 G 1.565(ilable deb).25 F 1.565(ug \215ags you will ha)-.2 F +1.865 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 4.065(ol).15 G 1.565(ook at the code \(the)-4.065 +F 4.065(ya)-.15 G 1.565(re too)-4.065 F(dynamic to k)102 550.2 Q +(eep this documentation up to date\).)-.1 E F0 2.5(3.5. Changing)87 +574.2 R(the V)2.5 E(alues of Options)-.92 E F1(Options can be o)127 +590.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(rridden using the).15 E F0<ad6f>2.5 E F1(or)2.5 E +F0<ad4f>2.5 E F1(command line \215ags.)2.5 E -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G +(xample,)-2.65 E(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255oT2m)142 606.6 Q .02(sets the) +102 622.8 R F0(T)2.52 E F1 .02(\(timeout\) option to tw)2.52 F 2.52(om) +-.1 G .021(inutes for this run only; the equi)-2.52 F -.25(va)-.25 G +.021(lent line using the long option).25 F(name is)102 634.8 Q +(/usr/sbin/sendmail -O)142 651 Q -.35(Ti)-.4 G(meout.queuereturn=2m).35 +E .72(Some options ha)127 671.4 R 1.02 -.15(ve s)-.2 H .72 +(ecurity implications.).15 F .72(Sendmail allo)5.72 F .72 +(ws you to set these, b)-.25 F .72(ut relinquishes)-.2 F EP +%%Page: 21 17 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q +(SMM:08-21)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF +(its setuid root permissions thereafter)102 98 Q/F2 7/Times-Roman@0 SF +(11)-4 I F1(.)4 I F0 2.5(3.6. T)87 122 R(rying a Differ)-.74 E +(ent Con\214guration File)-.18 E F1(An alternati)127 138.2 Q .3 -.15 +(ve c)-.25 H(on\214guration \214le can be speci\214ed using the).15 E F0 +<ad43>2.5 E F1(\215ag; for e)2.5 E(xample,)-.15 E +(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255Ctest.cf \255oQ/tmp/mqueue)142 154.4 Q .429 +(uses the con\214guration \214le)102 170.6 R/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF +(test.cf)2.928 E F1 .428(instead of the def)2.928 F(ault)-.1 E F3 +(/etc/sendmail.cf)2.928 E(.)-.15 E F1 .428(If the)5.428 F F0<ad43>2.928 +E F1 .428(\215ag has no v)2.928 F(alue)-.25 E(it def)102 182.6 Q +(aults to)-.1 E F3(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1(in the current directory)2.5 E +(.)-.65 E F3(Sendmail)127 198.8 Q F1(gi)2.679 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.679(su) +.15 G 2.679(pi)-2.679 G .18(ts setuid root permissions when you use this \215ag, so it is common to use a) +-2.679 F .069(publicly writable directory \(such as /tmp\) as the spool directory \(QueueDirectory or Q option\) while) +102 210.8 R(testing.)102 222.8 Q F0 2.5(3.7. Logging)87 246.8 R -.74(Tr) +2.5 G(af\214c).74 E F1(Man)127 263 Q 3.254(yS)-.15 G .754 +(MTP implementations do not fully implement the protocol.)-3.254 F -.15 +(Fo)5.754 G 3.254(re).15 G .755(xample, some per)-3.404 F(-)-.2 E 1.178 +(sonal computer based SMTPs do not understand continuation lines in reply codes.) +102 275 R 1.177(These can be)6.178 F -.15(ve)102 287 S .13 +(ry hard to trace.).15 F .13 +(If you suspect such a problem, you can set traf)5.13 F .13 +(\214c logging using the)-.25 F F0<ad58>2.63 E F1 2.63(\215ag. F)2.63 F +(or)-.15 E -.15(ex)102 299 S(ample,).15 E +(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255X /tmp/traf)142 315.2 Q(\214c \255bd)-.25 E +(will log all traf)102 331.4 Q(\214c in the \214le)-.25 E F3(/tmp/tr)2.5 +E(af)-.15 E<8c63>-.18 E F1(.)A .998(This logs a lot of data v)127 347.6 +R .997(ery quickly and should)-.15 F F0(NEVER)3.497 E F1 .997 +(be used during normal operations.)3.497 F .962(After starting up such a daemon, force the errant implementation to send a message to your host.) +102 359.6 R .609(All message traf)102 371.6 R .609(\214c in and out of) +-.25 F F3(sendmail)3.109 E F1 3.109(,i)C .609 +(ncluding the incoming SMTP traf)-3.109 F .608(\214c, will be logged in) +-.25 F(this \214le.)102 383.6 Q F0 2.5(3.8. T)87 407.6 R +(esting Con\214guration Files)-.92 E F1 .643(When you b)127 423.8 R .644 +(uild a con\214guration table, you can do a certain amount of testing using the \231test) +-.2 F(mode\232 of)102 435.8 Q F3(sendmail)2.5 E F1 5(.F)C(or e)-5.15 E +(xample, you could in)-.15 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G F3(sendmail)2.6 E +F1(as:)2.5 E(sendmail \255bt \255Ctest.cf)142 452 Q .448(which w)102 +468.2 R .448(ould read the con\214guration \214le \231test.cf\232 and enter test mode.) +-.1 F .447(In this mode, you enter lines)5.447 F(of the form:)102 480.2 +Q(rwset address)142 496.4 Q(where)102 512.6 Q F3(rwset)3.006 E F1 .506 +(is the re)3.006 F .506(writing set you w)-.25 F .506(ant to use and)-.1 +F F3(addr)3.007 E(ess)-.37 E F1 .507(is an address to apply the set to.) +3.007 F -.7(Te)5.507 G(st).7 E .794(mode sho)102 524.6 R .794 +(ws you the steps it tak)-.25 F .794(es as it proceeds, \214nally sho) +-.1 F .794(wing you the address it ends up with.)-.25 F -1.1(Yo)102 +536.6 S 3.331(um)1.1 G .832(ay use a comma separated list of rwsets for sequential application of rules to an input.) +-3.331 F -.15(Fo)5.832 G(r).15 E -.15(ex)102 548.6 S(ample:).15 E +(3,1,21,4 monet:bollard)142 564.8 Q .622 +(\214rst applies ruleset three to the input \231monet:bollard.)102 581 R +5.622<9a52>-.7 G .622(uleset one is then applied to the output of)-5.622 +F(ruleset three, follo)102 593 Q +(wed similarly by rulesets twenty-one and four)-.25 E(.)-.55 E 1.084(If you need more detail, you can also use the \231\255d21\232 \215ag to turn on more deb) +127 609.2 R 3.585(ugging. F)-.2 F(or)-.15 E -.15(ex)102 621.2 S(ample,) +.15 E(sendmail \255bt \255d21.99)142 637.4 Q .689 +(turns on an incredible amount of information; a single w)102 653.6 R +.688(ord address is probably going to print out)-.1 F(se)102 665.6 Q +-.15(ve)-.25 G(ral pages w).15 E(orth of information.)-.1 E .32 LW 76 +678.8 72 678.8 DL 80 678.8 76 678.8 DL 84 678.8 80 678.8 DL 88 678.8 84 +678.8 DL 92 678.8 88 678.8 DL 96 678.8 92 678.8 DL 100 678.8 96 678.8 DL +104 678.8 100 678.8 DL 108 678.8 104 678.8 DL 112 678.8 108 678.8 DL 116 +678.8 112 678.8 DL 120 678.8 116 678.8 DL 124 678.8 120 678.8 DL 128 +678.8 124 678.8 DL 132 678.8 128 678.8 DL 136 678.8 132 678.8 DL 140 +678.8 136 678.8 DL 144 678.8 140 678.8 DL 148 678.8 144 678.8 DL 152 +678.8 148 678.8 DL 156 678.8 152 678.8 DL 160 678.8 156 678.8 DL 164 +678.8 160 678.8 DL 168 678.8 164 678.8 DL 172 678.8 168 678.8 DL 176 +678.8 172 678.8 DL 180 678.8 176 678.8 DL 184 678.8 180 678.8 DL 188 +678.8 184 678.8 DL 192 678.8 188 678.8 DL 196 678.8 192 678.8 DL 200 +678.8 196 678.8 DL 204 678.8 200 678.8 DL 208 678.8 204 678.8 DL 212 +678.8 208 678.8 DL 216 678.8 212 678.8 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(11)93.6 +689.2 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .497(That is, it sets its ef)3.2 J(fecti) +-.2 E .737 -.12(ve u)-.2 H .497(id to the real uid; thus, if you are e) +.12 F -.12(xe)-.12 G .497(cuting as root, as from root').12 F 2.497(sc) +-.44 G .497(rontab \214le or during system)-2.497 F +(startup the root permissions will still be honored.)72 702 Q EP +%%Page: 22 18 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-22 Sendmail)72 60 R +(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -1.1(Yo) +127 96 S 2.574(us)1.1 G .074(hould be w)-2.574 F .074 +(arned that internally)-.1 F(,)-.65 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail) +2.575 E F1 .075(applies ruleset 3 to all addresses.)2.575 F .075 +(In test mode)5.075 F(you will ha)102 108 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.5(od) +.15 G 2.5(ot)-2.5 G(hat manually)-2.5 E 5(.F)-.65 G(or e)-5.15 E +(xample, older v)-.15 E(ersions allo)-.15 E(wed you to use)-.25 E 2.5 +(0b)142 124.2 S(ruce@broadcast.son)-2.5 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(com).65 E +(This v)102 140.4 Q(ersion requires that you use:)-.15 E +(3,0 bruce@broadcast.son)142 156.6 Q -.65(y.)-.15 G(com).65 E(As of v) +127 177 Q(ersion 8.7, some other syntax)-.15 E(es are a)-.15 E -.25(va) +-.2 G(ilable in test mode:).25 E 5<832e>107 193.2 S 1.666(Dxv)-5 G .328 +(alue de\214nes macro)-1.916 F F2(x)2.828 E F1 .328(to ha)2.828 F .628 +-.15(ve t)-.2 H .328(he indicated).15 F F2(value)2.828 E F1 5.328(.T)C +.328(his is useful when deb)-5.328 F .327(ugging rules that)-.2 F +(use the)115.5 205.2 Q F0($&)2.5 E F2(x)A F1(syntax.)2.5 E 5<832e>107 +217.2 S 1.666(Ccv)-5 G(alue adds the indicated)-1.916 E F2(value)2.5 E +F1(to class)2.5 E F2(c)2.5 E F1(.)A 5<832e>107 229.2 S 1.666(Sr)-5 G +(uleset dumps the contents of the indicated ruleset.)-1.666 E 5<83ad>107 +241.2 S 1.666(dd)-5 G(eb)-1.666 E(ug-spec is equi)-.2 E -.25(va)-.25 G +(lent to the command-line \215ag.).25 E F0 2.5(3.9. P)87 265.2 R +(ersistent Host Status Inf)-.2 E(ormation)-.25 E F1(When)127 281.4 Q F0 +(HostStatusDir)2.569 E(ectory)-.18 E F1 .069 +(is enabled, information about the status of hosts is maintained on) +2.569 F .249(disk and can thus be shared between dif)102 293.4 R .249 +(ferent instantiations of)-.25 F F2(sendmail)2.749 E F1 5.249(.T)C .248 +(he status of the last con-)-5.249 F +(nection with each remote host may be vie)102 305.4 Q +(wed with the command:)-.25 E(sendmail \255bh)142 321.6 Q +(This information may be \215ushed with the command:)102 337.8 Q +(sendmail \255bH)142 354 Q 1.534(Flushing the information pre)102 370.2 +R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.534(nts ne).15 F(w)-.25 E F2(sendmail)4.034 E F1 +1.535(processes from loading it, b)4.035 F 1.535(ut does not pre)-.2 F +-.15(ve)-.25 G(nt).15 E -.15(ex)102 382.2 S +(isting processes from using the status information that the).15 E 2.5 +(ya)-.15 G(lready ha)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(.).15 E F0 2.5(4. TUNING)72 +406.2 R F1 1.922 +(There are a number of con\214guration parameters you may w)112 422.4 R +1.922(ant to change, depending on the)-.1 F .366 +(requirements of your site.)87 434.4 R .367 +(Most of these are set using an option in the con\214guration \214le.) +5.366 F -.15(Fo)5.367 G 2.867(re).15 G(xample,)-3.017 E +(the line \231O T)87 446.4 Q +(imeout.queuereturn=5d\232 sets option \231T)-.35 E +(imeout.queuereturn\232 to the v)-.35 E(alue \2315d\232 \(\214v)-.25 E +2.5(ed)-.15 G(ays\).)-2.5 E .735(Most of these options ha)112 462.6 R +1.035 -.15(ve a)-.2 H .735(ppropriate def).15 F .735 +(aults for most sites.)-.1 F(Ho)5.735 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.535 +-.4(r, s).15 H .735(ites ha).4 F .735(ving v)-.2 F .735(ery high)-.15 F +.045(mail loads may \214nd the)87 474.6 R 2.545(yn)-.15 G .046 +(eed to tune them as appropriate for their mail load.)-2.545 F .046 +(In particular)5.046 F 2.546(,s)-.4 G .046(ites e)-2.546 F(xperi-)-.15 E +1.088(encing a lar)87 486.6 R 1.088(ge number of small messages, man) +-.18 F 3.588(yo)-.15 G 3.587(fw)-3.588 G 1.087(hich are deli)-3.587 F +-.15(ve)-.25 G 1.087(red to man).15 F 3.587(yr)-.15 G 1.087 +(ecipients, may \214nd)-3.587 F(that the)87 498.6 Q 2.5(yn)-.15 G +(eed to adjust the parameters dealing with queue priorities.)-2.5 E .523 +(All v)112 514.8 R .523(ersions of)-.15 F F2(sendmail)3.023 E F1 .524 +(prior to 8.7 had single character option names.)3.023 F .524 +(As of 8.7, options ha)5.524 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.216 +(long \(multi-character names\).)87 526.8 R 1.216 +(Although old short names are still accepted, most ne)6.216 F 3.715(wo) +-.25 G 1.215(ptions do not)-3.715 F(ha)87 538.8 Q .3 -.15(ve s)-.2 H +(hort equi).15 E -.25(va)-.25 G(lents.).25 E .802 +(This section only describes the options you are most lik)112 555 R .802 +(ely to w)-.1 F .802(ant to tweak; read section 5 for)-.1 F +(more details.)87 567 Q F0 2.5(4.1. T)87 591 R(imeouts)-.18 E F1 .583 +(All time interv)127 607.2 R .583(als are set using a scaled syntax.) +-.25 F -.15(Fo)5.583 G 3.083(re).15 G .583 +(xample, \23110m\232 represents ten minutes,)-3.233 F +(whereas \2312h30m\232 represents tw)102 619.2 Q 2.5(oa)-.1 G +(nd a half hours.)-2.5 E(The full set of scales is:)5 E 16.11(ss)142 +635.4 S(econds)-16.11 E 12.22(mm)142 647.4 S(inutes)-12.22 E 15(hh)142 +659.4 S(ours)-15 E 15(dd)142 671.4 S(ays)-15 E 12.78(ww)142 683.4 S +(eeks)-12.78 E EP +%%Page: 23 19 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q +(SMM:08-23)195.86 E 2.5(4.1.1. Queue)102 96 R(inter)2.5 E -.1(va)-.1 G +(l).1 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .18(The ar)142 112.2 R .18(gument to the) +-.18 F F0<ad71>2.68 E F1 .18(\215ag speci\214es ho)2.68 F 2.68(wo)-.25 G +.18(ften a sub-daemon will run the queue.)-2.68 F .18(This is)5.18 F +.968(typically set to between \214fteen minutes and one hour)117 124.2 R +5.968(.R)-.55 G .967(FC 1123 section 5.3.1.1 recommends)-5.968 F +(that this be at least 30 minutes.)117 136.2 Q F0 2.5(4.1.2. Read)102 +160.2 R(timeouts)2.5 E F1 -.35(Ti)142 176.4 S 1.052(meouts all ha).35 F +1.352 -.15(ve o)-.2 H 1.052(ption names \231T).15 F(imeout.)-.35 E/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(suboption)A F1 3.552(\232. The)B(recognized)3.552 E +F2(suboption)3.553 E F1 1.053(s, their)B(def)117 188.4 Q(ault v)-.1 E +(alues, and the minimum v)-.25 E(alues allo)-.25 E +(wed by RFC 1123 section 5.3.2 are:)-.25 E 38.4(connect The)117 204.6 R +.161(time to w)2.661 F .161(ait for an SMTP connection to open \(the)-.1 +F F2(connect)2.66 E F1 .16(\(2\) system call\))B 1.153 +([0, unspeci\214ed].)189 216.6 R 1.153(If zero, uses the k)6.153 F 1.153 +(ernel def)-.1 F 3.653(ault. In)-.1 F 1.153(no case can this option) +3.653 F -.15(ex)189 228.6 S .519(tend the timeout longer than the k).15 +F .518(ernel pro)-.1 F .518(vides, b)-.15 F .518(ut it can shorten it.) +-.2 F(This)5.518 E .579(is to get around k)189 240.6 R .579 +(ernels that pro)-.1 F .579 +(vide an absurdly long connection timeout \(90)-.15 F +(minutes in one case\).)189 252.6 Q 35.62(iconnect The)117 268.8 R .311 +(same as)2.811 F F2(connect,)2.811 E F1 -.15(ex)2.811 G .311 +(cept it applies only to the initial attempt to connect to).15 F 2.75 +(ah)189 280.8 S .25(ost for a gi)-2.75 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.75(nm).15 G +.25(essage [0, unspeci\214ed].)-2.75 F .25 +(The concept is that this should be)5.25 F -.15(ve)189 292.8 S .767 +(ry short \(a fe).15 F 3.267(ws)-.25 G .767 +(econds\); hosts that are well connected and responsi)-3.267 F 1.066 +-.15(ve w)-.25 H(ill).15 E .026(thus be serviced immediately)189 304.8 R +5.026(.H)-.65 G .026(osts that are slo)-5.026 F 2.526(ww)-.25 G .026 +(ill not hold up other deli)-2.526 F(v-)-.25 E +(eries in the initial deli)189 316.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry attempt.).15 E +46.16(initial The)117 333 R -.1(wa)2.5 G +(it for the initial 220 greeting message [5m, 5m].).1 E 52.28(helo The) +117 349.2 R -.1(wa)4.227 G 1.727 +(it for a reply from a HELO or EHLO command [5m, unspeci\214ed].).1 F .1 +(This may require a host name lookup, so \214v)189 361.2 R 2.6(em)-.15 G +.1(inutes is probably a reasonable)-2.6 F(minimum.)189 373.2 Q 46.72 +(mail\207 The)117 389.4 R -.1(wa)2.5 G +(it for a reply from a MAIL command [10m, 5m].).1 E 48.95(rcpt\207 The) +117 405.6 R -.1(wa)3.482 G .982 +(it for a reply from a RCPT command [1h, 5m].).1 F .981 +(This should be long)5.981 F 1.556 +(because it could be pointing at a list that tak)189 417.6 R 1.556 +(es a long time to e)-.1 F 1.556(xpand \(see)-.15 F(belo)189 429.6 Q +(w\).)-.25 E 34.5(datainit\207 The)117 445.8 R -.1(wa)2.5 G +(it for a reply from a D).1 E -1.21 -1.11(AT A)-.4 H(command [5m, 2m].) +3.61 E 25.62(datablock\207 The)117 462 R -.1(wa)2.696 G .196 +(it for reading a data block \(that is, the body of the message\).).1 F +.196([1h, 3m].)5.196 F .621(This should be long because it also applies to programs piping input to) +189 474 R F2(send-)3.121 E(mail)189 486 Q F1(which ha)2.5 E .3 -.15 +(ve n)-.2 H 2.5(og).15 G(uarantee of promptness.)-2.5 E 30.06 +(data\214nal\207 The)117 502.2 R -.1(wa)2.806 G .306 +(it for a reply from the dot terminating a message.).1 F .306 +([1h, 10m].)5.306 F .306(If this is)5.306 F .883 +(shorter than the time actually needed for the recei)189 514.2 R -.15 +(ve)-.25 G 3.384(rt).15 G 3.384(od)-3.384 G(eli)-3.384 E -.15(ve)-.25 G +3.384(rt).15 G .884(he message,)-3.384 F(duplicates will be generated.) +189 526.2 Q(This is discussed in RFC 1047.)5 E 55.06(rset The)117 542.4 +R -.1(wa)2.5 G(it for a reply from a RSET command [5m, unspeci\214ed].) +.1 E 53.94(quit The)117 558.6 R -.1(wa)2.5 G(it for a reply from a Q).1 +E(UIT command [2m, unspeci\214ed].)-.1 E 50.61(misc The)117 574.8 R -.1 +(wa)2.761 G .261(it for a reply from miscellaneous \(b).1 F .261 +(ut short\) commands such as NOOP)-.2 F +(\(no-operation\) and VERB \(go into v)189 586.8 Q(erbose mode\).)-.15 E +([2m, unspeci\214ed].)5 E 25.06(command\207 In)117 603 R(serv)2.5 E +(er SMTP)-.15 E 2.5(,t)-1.11 G(he time to w)-2.5 E +(ait for another command.)-.1 E([1h, 5m].)5 E 49.5(ident The)117 621.2 R +(timeout w)2.5 E(aiting for a reply to an IDENT query [30s)-.1 E/F3 7 +/Times-Roman@0 SF(12)-4 I F1 2.5(,u)4 K(nspeci\214ed].)-2.5 E -.15(Fo) +117 637.4 S 4.608(rc).15 G 2.108 +(ompatibility with old con\214guration \214les, if no)-4.608 F F2 +(suboption)4.609 E F1 2.109(is speci\214ed, all the timeouts)4.609 F +(mark)117 649.4 Q(ed with \207 are set to the indicated v)-.1 E(alue.) +-.25 E(Man)142 665.6 Q 2.501(yo)-.15 G 2.501(ft)-2.501 G .001 +(he RFC 1123 minimum v)-2.501 F .001(alues may well be too short.)-.25 F +F2(Sendmail)5 E F1 -.1(wa)2.5 G 2.5(sd).1 G(esigned to)-2.5 E .711 +(the RFC 822 protocols, which did not specify read timeouts; hence, v) +117 677.6 R .712(ersions of)-.15 F F2(sendmail)3.212 E F1(prior)3.212 E +.32 LW 76 687.2 72 687.2 DL 80 687.2 76 687.2 DL 84 687.2 80 687.2 DL 88 +687.2 84 687.2 DL 92 687.2 88 687.2 DL 96 687.2 92 687.2 DL 100 687.2 96 +687.2 DL 104 687.2 100 687.2 DL 108 687.2 104 687.2 DL 112 687.2 108 +687.2 DL 116 687.2 112 687.2 DL 120 687.2 116 687.2 DL 124 687.2 120 +687.2 DL 128 687.2 124 687.2 DL 132 687.2 128 687.2 DL 136 687.2 132 +687.2 DL 140 687.2 136 687.2 DL 144 687.2 140 687.2 DL 148 687.2 144 +687.2 DL 152 687.2 148 687.2 DL 156 687.2 152 687.2 DL 160 687.2 156 +687.2 DL 164 687.2 160 687.2 DL 168 687.2 164 687.2 DL 172 687.2 168 +687.2 DL 176 687.2 172 687.2 DL 180 687.2 176 687.2 DL 184 687.2 180 +687.2 DL 188 687.2 184 687.2 DL 192 687.2 188 687.2 DL 196 687.2 192 +687.2 DL 200 687.2 196 687.2 DL 204 687.2 200 687.2 DL 208 687.2 204 +687.2 DL 212 687.2 208 687.2 DL 216 687.2 212 687.2 DL/F4 5 +/Times-Roman@0 SF(12)93.6 697.6 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF +(On some systems the def)3.2 I(ault is zero to turn the protocol of)-.08 +E 2(fe)-.2 G(ntirely)-2 E(.)-.52 E EP +%%Page: 24 20 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-24 Sendmail)72 60 R +(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .865 +(to v)117 96 R .865 +(ersion 8.1 did not guarantee to reply to messages promptly)-.15 F 5.864 +(.I)-.65 G 3.364(np)-5.864 G(articular)-3.364 E 3.364(,a\231)-.4 G .864 +(RCPT\232 com-)-3.364 F .06(mand specifying a mailing list will e)117 +108 R .06(xpand and v)-.15 F .061(erify the entire list; a lar)-.15 F +.061(ge list on a slo)-.18 F 2.561(ws)-.25 G(ystem)-2.561 E .435 +(may easily tak)117 122 R 2.935(em)-.1 G .435(ore than \214v)-2.935 F +2.935(em)-.15 G(inutes)-2.935 E/F2 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(13)-4 I F1 5.436 +(.I)4 K .436(recommend a one hour timeout \212 since a commu-)-2.5 F +1.366(nications f)117 134 R 1.366(ailure during the RCPT phase is rare, a long timeout is not onerous and may ulti-) +-.1 F(mately help reduce netw)117 146 Q +(ork load and duplicated messages.)-.1 E -.15(Fo)142 162.2 S 2.5(re).15 +G(xample, the lines:)-2.65 E 2.5(OT)157 178.4 S(imeout.command=25m)-2.85 +E 2.5(OT)157 190.4 S(imeout.datablock=3h)-2.85 E .343(sets the serv)117 +206.6 R .344(er SMTP command timeout to 25 minutes and the input data block timeout to three) +-.15 F(hours.)117 218.6 Q F0 2.5(4.1.3. Message)102 242.6 R(timeouts)2.5 +E F1 .238(After sitting in the queue for a fe)142 258.8 R 2.737(wd)-.25 +G .237(ays, a message will time out.)-2.737 F .237 +(This is to insure that at)5.237 F .567(least the sender is a)117 270.8 +R -.1(wa)-.15 G .568(re of the inability to send a message.).1 F .568 +(The timeout is typically set to \214v)5.568 F(e)-.15 E 2.6(days. It)117 +282.8 R .1(is sometimes considered con)2.6 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .099 +(nient to also send a w).15 F .099(arning message if the message is in) +-.1 F .175(the queue longer than a fe)117 294.8 R 2.675(wh)-.25 G .175 +(ours \(assuming you normally ha)-2.675 F .476 -.15(ve g)-.2 H .176 +(ood connecti).15 F .176(vity; if your mes-)-.25 F .645 +(sages normally took se)117 306.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .645 +(ral hours to send you w).15 F(ouldn')-.1 E 3.145(tw)-.18 G .645 +(ant to do this because it w)-3.245 F(ouldn')-.1 E 3.145(tb)-.18 G(e) +-3.145 E .057(an unusual e)117 318.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.557(nt\). These) +.15 F .057(timeouts are set using the)2.557 F F0 -.18(Ti)2.558 G +(meout.queuer).18 E(etur)-.18 E(n)-.15 E F1(and)2.558 E F0 -.18(Ti)2.558 +G(meout.queue-).18 E(war)117 330.8 Q(n)-.15 E F1 +(options in the con\214guration \214le \(pre)2.5 E +(viously both were set using the)-.25 E F0(T)2.5 E F1(option\).)2.5 E +.106(Since these options are global, and since you can not kno)142 347 R +(w)-.25 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF 2.606(ap)2.606 G(riori)-2.606 E F1(ho) +2.606 E 2.606(wl)-.25 G .106(ong another host)-2.606 F .475 +(outside your domain will be do)117 359 R .475(wn, a \214v)-.25 F 2.975 +(ed)-.15 G .475(ay timeout is recommended.)-2.975 F .476(This allo)5.476 +F .476(ws a recipient)-.25 F 1.58(to \214x the problem e)117 371 R -.15 +(ve)-.25 G 4.08(ni).15 G 4.08(fi)-4.08 G 4.08(to)-4.08 G 1.579 +(ccurs at the be)-4.08 F 1.579(ginning of a long week)-.15 F 4.079 +(end. RFC)-.1 F 1.579(1123 section)4.079 F +(5.3.1.1 says that this parameter should be `)117 383 Q +(`at least 4\2555 days')-.74 E('.)-.74 E(The)142 399.2 Q F0 -.18(Ti) +2.922 G(meout.queuewar).18 E(n)-.15 E F1 -.25(va)2.922 G .422 +(lue can be piggyback).25 F .422(ed on the)-.1 F F0(T)2.922 E F1 .423 +(option by indicating a time)2.922 F .846(after which a w)117 411.2 R +.846(arning message should be sent; the tw)-.1 F 3.346(ot)-.1 G .845 +(imeouts are separated by a slash.)-3.346 F -.15(Fo)5.845 G(r).15 E -.15 +(ex)117 423.2 S(ample, the line).15 E -.4(OT)157 439.4 S(5d/4h).4 E .971 +(causes email to f)117 455.6 R .971(ail after \214v)-.1 F 3.471(ed)-.15 +G .971(ays, b)-3.471 F .971(ut a w)-.2 F .971 +(arning message will be sent after four hours.)-.1 F(This)5.972 E +(should be lar)117 467.6 Q(ge enough that the message will ha)-.18 E .3 +-.15(ve b)-.2 H(een tried se).15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ral times.).15 E F0 +2.5(4.2. F)87 491.6 R(orking During Queue Runs)-.25 E F1 .849 +(By setting the)127 507.8 R F0 -.25(Fo)3.349 G(rkEachJ).25 E(ob)-.15 E +F1(\()3.349 E F0(Y)A F1 3.348(\)o)C(ption,)-3.348 E F3(sendmail)3.348 E +F1 .848(will fork before each indi)3.348 F .848(vidual message)-.25 F +.292(while running the queue.)102 519.8 R .293(This will pre)5.293 F +-.15(ve)-.25 G(nt).15 E F3(sendmail)2.793 E F1 .293(from consuming lar) +2.793 F .293(ge amounts of memory)-.18 F 2.793(,s)-.65 G(o)-2.793 E 1.11 +(it may be useful in memory-poor en)102 531.8 R 3.61(vironments. Ho)-.4 +F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.91 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.61(ft).4 G(he)-3.61 E +F0 -.25(Fo)3.61 G(rkEachJ).25 E(ob)-.15 E F1 1.11(option is not set,) +3.61 F F3(sendmail)102 543.8 Q F1 .084(will k)2.584 F .084 +(eep track of hosts that are do)-.1 F .085 +(wn during a queue run, which can impro)-.25 F .385 -.15(ve p)-.15 H +(erformance).15 E(dramatically)102 555.8 Q(.)-.65 E(If the)127 572 Q F0 +-.25(Fo)2.5 G(rkEachJ).25 E(ob)-.15 E F1(option is set,)2.5 E F3 +(sendmail)2.5 E F1(can not use connection caching.)2.5 E F0 2.5 +(4.3. Queue)87 596 R(Priorities)2.5 E F1(Ev)127 612.2 Q 1.128(ery message is assigned a priority when it is \214rst instantiated, consisting of the message) +-.15 F .286(size \(in bytes\) of)102 624.2 R .286(fset by the message class \(which is determined from the Precedence: header\) times) +-.25 F .343(the \231w)102 636.2 R .343(ork class f)-.1 F .343 +(actor\232 and the number of recipients times the \231w)-.1 F .342 +(ork recipient f)-.1 F(actor)-.1 E 4.242 -.7(.\232 T)-.55 H .342 +(he priority).7 F .073(is used to order the queue.)102 648.2 R .073(Higher numbers for the priority mean that the message will be processed) +5.073 F(later when running the queue.)102 660.2 Q .32 LW 76 669.8 72 +669.8 DL 80 669.8 76 669.8 DL 84 669.8 80 669.8 DL 88 669.8 84 669.8 DL +92 669.8 88 669.8 DL 96 669.8 92 669.8 DL 100 669.8 96 669.8 DL 104 +669.8 100 669.8 DL 108 669.8 104 669.8 DL 112 669.8 108 669.8 DL 116 +669.8 112 669.8 DL 120 669.8 116 669.8 DL 124 669.8 120 669.8 DL 128 +669.8 124 669.8 DL 132 669.8 128 669.8 DL 136 669.8 132 669.8 DL 140 +669.8 136 669.8 DL 144 669.8 140 669.8 DL 148 669.8 144 669.8 DL 152 +669.8 148 669.8 DL 156 669.8 152 669.8 DL 160 669.8 156 669.8 DL 164 +669.8 160 669.8 DL 168 669.8 164 669.8 DL 172 669.8 168 669.8 DL 176 +669.8 172 669.8 DL 180 669.8 176 669.8 DL 184 669.8 180 669.8 DL 188 +669.8 184 669.8 DL 192 669.8 188 669.8 DL 196 669.8 192 669.8 DL 200 +669.8 196 669.8 DL 204 669.8 200 669.8 DL 208 669.8 204 669.8 DL 212 +669.8 208 669.8 DL 216 669.8 212 669.8 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(13)93.6 +680.2 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .213(This v)3.2 J .213 +(eri\214cation includes looking up e)-.12 F -.12(ve)-.2 G .212 +(ry address with the name serv).12 F .212(er; this in)-.12 F -.16(vo) +-.32 G(lv).16 E .212(es netw)-.12 F .212 +(ork delays, and can in some cases)-.08 F(can be considerable.)72 693 Q +EP +%%Page: 25 21 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q +(SMM:08-25)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .329 +(The message size is included so that lar)127 96 R .328 +(ge messages are penalized relati)-.18 F .628 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 2.828(os) +.15 G .328(mall messages.)-2.828 F .285(The message class allo)102 108 R +.285(ws users to send \231high priority\232 messages by including a \231Precedence:\232 \214eld) +-.25 F .008(in their message; the v)102 120 R .008 +(alue of this \214eld is look)-.25 F .007(ed up in the)-.1 F F0(P)2.507 +E F1 .007(lines of the con\214guration \214le.)2.507 F .007(Since the) +5.007 F 1.966(number of recipients af)102 132 R 1.967(fects the amount of load a message presents to the system, this is also) +-.25 F(included into the priority)102 144 Q(.)-.65 E .53 +(The recipient and class f)127 160.2 R .53 +(actors can be set in the con\214guration \214le using the)-.1 F F0 +(RecipientF)3.03 E(actor)-.25 E F1(\()102 172.2 Q F0(y)A F1 3.442(\)a)C +(nd)-3.442 E F0(ClassF)3.442 E(actor)-.25 E F1(\()3.442 E F0(z)A F1 +3.442(\)o)C .942(ptions respecti)-3.442 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.942 +(.T)-.65 G(he)-5.942 E 3.442(yd)-.15 G(ef)-3.442 E .942 +(ault to 30000 \(for the recipient f)-.1 F .943(actor\) and)-.1 F +(1800 \(for the class f)102 184.2 Q 2.5(actor\). The)-.1 F +(initial priority is:)2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(pri)168.495 202.2 Q +/F3 10/Symbol SF(=)3.16 E F2(msgsize)3.18 E F3(-)2.38 E F1(\()2.2 E F2 +(class).2 E F3<b4>2.47 E F0(ClassFactor\))2.2 E F3(+)2.2 E F1(\()2.2 E +F2(nrcpt).36 E F3<b4>2.88 E F0(RecipientFactor\))2.2 E F1(\(Remember)102 +220.2 Q 3.328(,h)-.4 G .828(igher v)-3.328 F .828(alues for this parameter actually mean that the job will be treated with lo) +-.25 F(wer)-.25 E(priority)102 232.2 Q(.\))-.65 E 1.519(The priority of a job can also be adjusted each time it is processed \(that is, each time an) +127 248.4 R .236(attempt is made to deli)102 260.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G +2.736(ri).15 G .236(t\) using the \231w)-2.736 F .236(ork time f)-.1 F +(actor)-.1 E 1.636 -.7(,\232 s)-.4 H .236(et by the).7 F F0(RetryF)2.736 +E(actor)-.25 E F1(\()2.736 E F0(Z)A F1 2.735(\)o)C 2.735(ption. This) +-2.735 F .366(is added to the priority)102 272.4 R 2.866(,s)-.65 G 2.866 +(oi)-2.866 G 2.867(tn)-2.866 G .367 +(ormally decreases the precedence of the job, on the grounds that jobs) +-2.867 F .138(that ha)102 284.4 R .437 -.15(ve f)-.2 H .137(ailed man) +.05 F 2.637(yt)-.15 G .137(imes will tend to f)-2.637 F .137(ail ag)-.1 +F .137(ain in the future.)-.05 F(The)5.137 E F0(RetryF)2.637 E(actor) +-.25 E F1 .137(option def)2.637 F .137(aults to)-.1 F(90000.)102 296.4 Q +F0 2.5(4.4. Load)87 320.4 R(Limiting)2.5 E F2(Sendmail)127 336.6 Q F1 +.101(can be ask)2.601 F .101(ed to queue \(b)-.1 F .101(ut not deli)-.2 +F -.15(ve)-.25 G .101(r\) mail if the system load a).15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G +.102(rage gets too high).15 F .484(using the)102 348.6 R F0(QueueLA) +2.984 E F1(\()2.984 E F0(x)A F1 2.984(\)o)C 2.984(ption. When)-2.984 F +.483(the load a)2.983 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .483(rage e).15 F .483 +(xceeds the v)-.15 F .483(alue of the)-.25 F F0(QueueLA)2.983 E F1 +(option,)2.983 E .531(the deli)102 360.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .531 +(ry mode is set to).15 F F0(q)3.032 E F1 .532(\(queue only\) if the) +3.032 F F0(QueueF)3.032 E(actor)-.25 E F1(\()3.032 E F0(q)A F1 3.032 +(\)o)C .532(ption di)-3.032 F .532(vided by the dif)-.25 F(ference)-.25 +E .005(in the current load a)102 372.6 R -.15(ve)-.2 G .004 +(rage and the).15 F F0(QueueLA)2.504 E F1 .004(option plus one e)2.504 F +.004(xceeds the priority of the message \212)-.15 F +(that is, the message is queued if)102 384.6 Q(f:)-.25 E F2(pri)251.425 +408.01 Q F1(>)3.16 E F0(QueueFactor)15.315 -7 M F2(LA)-66.835 14 M F3(-) +2.23 E F0(QueueLA)2.2 E F3(+)2.2 E .4 LW 354.625 405.41 275.895 405.41 +DL F1(1)349.625 415.01 Q(The)102 431.27 Q F0(QueueF)2.616 E(actor)-.25 E +F1 .116(option def)2.616 F .116 +(aults to 600000, so each point of load a)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .116 +(rage is w).15 F .116(orth 600000 priority)-.1 F +(points \(as described abo)102 443.27 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E -.15 +(Fo)127 459.47 S 3.894(rd).15 G 1.394(rastic cases, the)-3.894 F F0 +(RefuseLA)3.894 E F1(\()3.894 E F0(X)A F1 3.894(\)o)C 1.394 +(ption de\214nes a load a)-3.894 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.393(rage at which).15 +F F2(sendmail)3.893 E F1(will)3.893 E .689(refuse to accept netw)102 +471.47 R .689(ork connections.)-.1 F .689 +(Locally generated mail \(including incoming UUCP mail\) is)5.689 F +(still accepted.)102 483.47 Q F0 2.5(4.5. Deli)87 507.47 R -.1(ve)-.1 G +(ry Mode).1 E F1 .254(There are a number of deli)127 523.67 R -.15(ve) +-.25 G .253(ry modes that).15 F F2(sendmail)2.753 E F1 .253 +(can operate in, set by the)2.753 F F0(Deli)2.753 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(ryMode) +.1 E F1(\()102 535.67 Q F0(d)A F1 3.598(\)c)C 1.098 +(on\214guration option.)-3.598 F 1.098(These modes specify ho)6.098 F +3.598(wq)-.25 G 1.099(uickly mail will be deli)-3.598 F -.15(ve)-.25 G +3.599(red. Le).15 F -.05(ga)-.15 G 3.599(lm).05 G(odes)-3.599 E(are:)102 +547.67 Q 17.22(id)142 563.87 S(eli)-17.22 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G +(nteracti)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly \(synchronously\)).15 E 15(bd)142 +575.87 S(eli)-15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G 2.5(nb)-2.5 G +(ackground \(asynchronously\))-2.5 E 15(qq)142 587.87 S +(ueue only \(don')-15 E 2.5(td)-.18 G(eli)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(r\)).15 +E 15(dd)142 599.87 S(efer delv)-15 E(ery attempts \(don')-.15 E 2.5(td) +-.18 G(eli)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(r\)).15 E 1.274(There are tradeof)102 +616.07 R 3.774(fs. Mode)-.25 F 1.274(\231i\232 gi)3.774 F -.15(ve)-.25 G +3.773(st).15 G 1.273(he sender the quick)-3.773 F 1.273(est feedback, b) +-.1 F 1.273(ut may slo)-.2 F 3.773(wd)-.25 G -.25(ow)-3.773 G 3.773(ns) +.25 G(ome)-3.773 E .798(mailers and is hardly e)102 628.07 R -.15(ve) +-.25 G 3.298(rn).15 G(ecessary)-3.298 E 5.799(.M)-.65 G .799 +(ode \231b\232 deli)-5.799 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .799(rs promptly b).15 F +.799(ut can cause lar)-.2 F .799(ge numbers of)-.18 F .224 +(processes if you ha)102 640.07 R .524 -.15(ve a m)-.2 H .224 +(ailer that tak).15 F .224(es a long time to deli)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G +2.724(ram).15 G 2.724(essage. Mode)-2.724 F .223 +(\231q\232 minimizes the)2.724 F .596(load on your machine, b)102 652.07 +R .596(ut means that deli)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .597 +(ry may be delayed for up to the queue interv).15 F 3.097(al. Mode)-.25 +F .04(\231d\232 is identical to mode \231q\232 e)102 664.07 R .04 +(xcept that it also pre)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .039 +(nts all the early map lookups from w).15 F .039(orking; it is)-.1 F +.085(intended for `)102 676.07 R .085(`dial on demand')-.74 F 2.585('s) +-.74 G .085(ites where DNS lookups might cost real mone)-2.585 F 3.886 +-.65(y. S)-.15 H .086(ome simple error).65 F .818 +(messages \(e.g., host unkno)102 688.07 R .817 +(wn during the SMTP protocol\) will be delayed using this mode.)-.25 F +(Mode)5.817 E(\231b\232 is the usual def)102 700.07 Q(ault.)-.1 E EP +%%Page: 26 22 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-26 Sendmail)72 60 R +(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .052(If you run in mode \231q\232 \(queue only\), \231d\232 \(defer\), or \231b\232 \(deli) +127 96 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.552(ri).15 G 2.552(nb)-2.552 G(ackground\)) +-2.552 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.552 E F1(will)2.552 E 1.392 +(not e)102 108 R 1.392(xpand aliases and follo)-.15 F 3.892(w.)-.25 G +(forw)-3.892 E 1.392(ard \214les upon initial receipt of the mail.)-.1 F +1.391(This speeds up the)6.392 F(response to RCPT commands.)102 120 Q +(Mode \231i\232 cannot be used by the SMTP serv)5 E(er)-.15 E(.)-.55 E +F0 2.5(4.6. Log)87 144 R(Le)2.5 E -.1(ve)-.15 G(l).1 E F1 .189(The le) +127 160.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.689(lo).15 G 2.689(fl)-2.689 G .189 +(ogging can be set for)-2.689 F F2(sendmail)2.689 E F1 5.189(.T)C .189 +(he def)-5.189 F .19(ault using a standard con\214guration table)-.1 F +(is le)102 172.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l9).15 G 5(.T)-2.5 G(he le)-5 E +-.15(ve)-.25 G(ls are as follo).15 E(ws:)-.25 E 31(0N)102 188.4 S 2.5 +(ol)-31 G(ogging.)-2.5 E 31(1S)102 204.6 S(erious system f)-31 E +(ailures and potential security problems.)-.1 E 31(2L)102 220.8 S +(ost communications \(netw)-31 E(ork problems\) and protocol f)-.1 E +(ailures.)-.1 E 31(3O)102 237 S(ther serious f)-31 E(ailures.)-.1 E 31 +(4M)102 253.2 S(inor f)-31 E(ailures.)-.1 E 31(5M)102 269.4 S +(essage collection statistics.)-31 E 31(6C)102 285.6 S +(reation of error messages, VRFY and EXPN commands.)-31 E 31(7D)102 +301.8 S(eli)-31 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry f).15 E +(ailures \(host or user unkno)-.1 E(wn, etc.\).)-.25 E 31(8S)102 318 S +(uccessful deli)-31 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ries and alias database reb).15 E +(uilds.)-.2 E 31(9M)102 334.2 S +(essages being deferred \(due to a host being do)-31 E(wn, etc.\).)-.25 +E 23.5(10 Database)102 350.4 R -.15(ex)2.5 G(pansion \(alias, forw).15 E +(ard, and userdb lookups\).)-.1 E 23.5(12 Log)102 366.6 R +(all incoming and outgoing SMTP commands.)2.5 E 23.5(20 Logs)102 382.8 R +.603(attempts to run lock)3.103 F .603(ed queue \214les.)-.1 F .603 +(These are not errors, b)5.603 F .603(ut can be useful to note if)-.2 F +(your queue appears to be clogged.)138 394.8 Q 23.5(30 Lost)102 411 R +(locks \(only if using lockf instead of \215ock\).)2.5 E(Additionally) +102 427.2 Q 2.716(,v)-.65 G .216(alues abo)-2.966 F .516 -.15(ve 6)-.15 +H 2.716(4a).15 G .216(re reserv)-2.716 F .216(ed for e)-.15 F .216 +(xtremely v)-.15 F .216(erbose deb)-.15 F .216(ugging output.)-.2 F .217 +(No normal site)5.216 F -.1(wo)102 439.2 S(uld e).1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5 +(rs).15 G(et these.)-2.5 E F0 2.5(4.7. File)87 463.2 R(Modes)2.5 E F1 +.264(The modes used for \214les depend on what functionality you w)127 +479.4 R .264(ant and the le)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.763(lo).15 G 2.763 +(fs)-2.763 G .263(ecurity you)-2.763 F(require.)102 491.4 Q F0 2.5 +(4.7.1. T)102 515.4 R 2.5(os)-.92 G(uid or not to suid?)-2.5 E F2 +(Sendmail)142 531.6 Q F1 .933(can safely be made setuid to root.)3.433 F +.934(At the point where it is about to)5.934 F F2 -.2(ex)3.434 G(ec).2 E +F1 .934(\(2\) a)1.666 F(mailer)117 543.6 Q 2.583(,i)-.4 G 2.583(tc) +-2.583 G .082(hecks to see if the userid is zero; if so, it resets the userid and groupid to a def) +-2.583 F .082(ault \(set)-.1 F .576(by the)117 555.6 R F0(u)3.076 E F1 +(and)3.076 E F0(g)3.076 E F1 3.076(options\). \(This)3.076 F .576 +(can be o)3.076 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .576(rridden by setting the).15 F F0(S) +3.076 E F1 .577(\215ag to the mailer for mailers)3.077 F 1.532 +(that are trusted and must be called as root.\))117 567.6 R(Ho)6.531 E +(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.331 -.4(r, t).15 H 1.531 +(his will cause mail processing to be).4 F(accounted \(using)117 579.6 Q +F2(sa)2.5 E F1 +(\(8\)\) to root rather than to the user sending the mail.)1.666 E .338 +(If you don')142 595.8 R 2.839(tm)-.18 G(ak)-2.839 E(e)-.1 E F2 +(sendmail)2.839 E F1 .339(setuid to root, it will still run b)2.839 F +.339(ut you lose a lot of functional-)-.2 F .008(ity and a lot of pri) +117 607.8 R -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G 2.508(,s)-.5 G .008(ince you') +-2.508 F .008(ll ha)-.1 F .308 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.508(om).15 G(ak)-2.508 +E 2.508(et)-.1 G .007(he queue directory w)-2.508 F .007(orld readable.) +-.1 F -1.1(Yo)5.007 G 2.507(uc)1.1 G(ould)-2.507 E .5(also mak)117 619.8 +R(e)-.1 E F2(sendmail)3 E F1 .501(setuid to some pseudo-user \(e.g., create a user called \231sendmail\232 and mak) +3 F(e)-.1 E F2(sendmail)117 631.8 Q F1 1.534 +(setuid to that\) which will \214x the pri)4.034 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.833 +-.15(cy p).25 H 1.533(roblems b).15 F 1.533 +(ut not the functionality issues.)-.2 F .641(Also, this isn')117 643.8 R +3.141(tag)-.18 G .641(uarantee of security: for e)-3.141 F .642 +(xample, root occasionally sends mail, and the dae-)-.15 F +(mon often runs as root.)117 655.8 Q F0 2.5(4.7.2. Should)102 679.8 R +(my alias database be writable?)2.5 E F1 .058(At Berk)142 696 R(ele)-.1 +E 2.558(yw)-.15 G 2.558(eh)-2.558 G -2.25 -.2(av e)-2.558 H .058 +(the alias database \(/etc/aliases*\) mode 644.)2.758 F .058 +(While this is not as \215e)5.058 F(x-)-.15 E 1.718 +(ible as if the database were more 666, it a)117 708 R -.2(vo)-.2 G +1.719(ids potential security problems with a globally).2 F +(writable database.)117 720 Q EP +%%Page: 27 23 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q +(SMM:08-27)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.191(The database that)142 +96 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.691 E F1 1.191 +(actually used is represented by the tw)3.691 F 3.69<6f8c>-.1 G(les) +-3.69 E F2(aliases.dir)3.69 E F1(and)3.69 E F2(aliases.pa)117 108 Q(g) +-.1 E F1 .158(\(both in /etc\) \(or)2.658 F F2(aliases.db)2.658 E F1 +.159(if you are running with the ne)2.659 F 2.659(wB)-.25 G(erk)-2.659 E +(ele)-.1 E 2.659(yd)-.15 G .159(atabase prim-)-2.659 F(iti)117 120 Q +-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.607(s\). The).15 F 1.107 +(mode on these \214les should match the mode on /etc/aliases.)3.607 F +(If)6.106 E F2(aliases)3.606 E F1 1.106(is writable)3.606 F 1.624 +(and the DBM \214les \()117 132 R F2(aliases.dir)A F1(and)4.124 E F2 +(aliases.pa)4.124 E(g)-.1 E F1 4.124(\)a)C 1.624 +(re not, users will be unable to re\215ect their)-4.124 F .72 +(desired changes through to the actual database.)117 144 R(Ho)5.719 E +(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.519 -.4(r, i).15 H(f).4 E F2(aliases)3.219 E +F1 .719(is read-only and the DBM)3.219 F(\214les are writable, a slightly sophisticated user can arrange to steal mail an) +117 156 Q(yw)-.15 E(ay)-.1 E(.)-.65 E .62 +(If your DBM \214les are not writable by the w)142 172.2 R .621 +(orld or you do not ha)-.1 F .921 -.15(ve a)-.2 H(uto-reb).15 E .621 +(uild enabled)-.2 F 3.029(\(with the)117 184.2 R F0 -.5(Au)5.529 G +(toReb).5 E(uildAliases)-.2 E F1 3.028 +(option\), then you must be careful to reconstruct the alias)5.529 F +(database each time you change the te)117 196.2 Q(xt v)-.15 E(ersion:) +-.15 E(ne)157 212.4 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E +(If this step is ignored or for)117 228.6 Q(gotten an)-.18 E 2.5(yi)-.15 +G(ntended changes will also be ignored or for)-2.5 E(gotten.)-.18 E F0 +2.5(4.8. Connection)87 252.6 R(Caching)2.5 E F1 .642 +(When processing the queue,)127 268.8 R F2(sendmail)3.142 E F1 .642 +(will try to k)3.142 F .642(eep the last fe)-.1 F 3.142(wo)-.25 G .642 +(pen connections open to)-3.142 F -.2(avo)102 280.8 S +(id startup and shutdo).2 E(wn costs.)-.25 E +(This only applies to IPC connections.)5 E .286 +(When trying to open a connection the cache is \214rst searched.)127 297 +R .286(If an open connection is found,)5.286 F 1.033 +(it is probed to see if it is still acti)102 309 R 1.333 -.15(ve b)-.25 +H 3.533(ys).15 G 1.033(ending a)-3.533 F/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(RSET) +3.533 E F1 3.534(command. It)3.534 F 1.034(is not an error if this f) +3.534 F(ails;)-.1 E(instead, the connection is closed and reopened.)102 +321 Q -1 -.8(Tw o)127 337.2 T .408 +(parameters control the connection cache.)3.708 F(The)5.408 E F0 +(ConnectionCacheSize)2.908 E F1(\()2.908 E F0(k)A F1 2.908(\)o)C .408 +(ption de\214nes)-2.908 F .145 +(the number of simultaneous open connections that will be permitted.)102 +349.2 R .145(If it is set to zero, connections)5.145 F .213 +(will be closed as quickly as possible.)102 361.2 R .212(The def)5.212 F +.212(ault is one.)-.1 F .212(This should be set as appropriate for your) +5.212 F .629 +(system size; it will limit the amount of system resources that)102 +373.2 R F2(sendmail)3.13 E F1 .63(will use during queue runs.)3.13 F(Ne) +102 385.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rs).15 G(et this higher than 4.)-2.5 E +(The)127 401.4 Q F0(ConnectionCacheT)2.741 E(imeout)-.18 E F1(\()2.741 E +F0(K)A F1 2.741(\)o)C .241(ption speci\214es the maximum time that an) +-2.741 F 2.741(yc)-.15 G .24(ached con-)-2.741 F .899 +(nection will be permitted to idle.)102 413.4 R .899 +(When the idle time e)5.899 F .9(xceeds this v)-.15 F .9 +(alue the connection is closed.)-.25 F .34 +(This number should be small \(under ten minutes\) to pre)102 425.4 R +-.15(ve)-.25 G .34(nt you from grabbing too man).15 F 2.84(yr)-.15 G +(esources)-2.84 E(from other hosts.)102 437.4 Q(The def)5 E +(ault is \214v)-.1 E 2.5(em)-.15 G(inutes.)-2.5 E F0 2.5(4.9. Name)87 +461.4 R(Ser)2.5 E -.1(ve)-.1 G 2.5(rA).1 G(ccess)-2.5 E F1 .103 +(Control of host address lookups is set by the)127 477.6 R F0(hosts) +2.604 E F1 .104(service entry in your service switch \214le.)2.604 F(If) +5.104 E .99(you are on a system that has b)102 489.6 R .99 +(uilt-in service switch support \(e.g., Ultrix, Solaris, or DEC OSF/1\)) +-.2 F .335(then your system is probably con\214gured properly already) +102 501.6 R 5.335(.O)-.65 G(therwise,)-5.335 E F2(sendmail)2.836 E F1 +.336(will consult the \214le)2.836 F F0(/etc/ser)102 513.6 Q +(vice.switch)-.1 E F1 2.5(,w)C(hich should be created.)-2.5 E F2 +(Sendmail)5 E F1(only uses tw)2.5 E 2.5(oe)-.1 G(ntries:)-2.5 E F0 +(hosts)2.5 E F1(and)2.5 E F0(aliases)2.5 E F1(.)A(Ho)127 529.8 Q(we)-.25 +E -.15(ve)-.25 G .908 -.4(r, s).15 H .108 +(ome systems \(such as SunOS\) will do DNS lookups re).4 F -.05(ga)-.15 +G .108(rdless of the setting of the).05 F 1.557(service switch entry)102 +541.8 R 6.558(.I)-.65 G 4.058(np)-6.558 G(articular)-4.058 E 4.058(,t) +-.4 G 1.558(he system routine)-4.058 F F2 -.1(ge)4.058 G(thostbyname).1 +E F1 1.558(\(3\) is used to look up host)B .462(names, and man)102 553.8 +R 2.962(yv)-.15 G .462(endor v)-3.112 F .461(ersions try some combination of DNS, NIS, and \214le lookup in /etc/hosts) +-.15 F .536(without consulting a service switch.)102 565.8 R F2 +(Sendmail)5.536 E F1(mak)3.036 E .536(es no attempt to w)-.1 F .537 +(ork around this problem, and)-.1 F .271(the DNS lookup will be done an) +102 577.8 R(yw)-.15 E(ay)-.1 E 5.271(.I)-.65 G 2.771(fy)-5.271 G .271 +(ou do not ha)-2.771 F .57 -.15(ve a n)-.2 H(ameserv).15 E .27 +(er con\214gured at all, such as at)-.15 F 2.854(aU)102 589.8 S .354 +(UCP-only site,)-2.854 F F2(sendmail)2.854 E F1 .354(will get a \231connection refused\232 message when it tries to connect to the) +2.854 F .623(name serv)102 601.8 R(er)-.15 E 5.623(.I)-.55 G 3.123(ft) +-5.623 G(he)-3.123 E F0(hosts)3.123 E F1 .622 +(switch entry has the service \231dns\232 listed some)3.123 F .622 +(where in the list,)-.25 F F2(sendmail)3.122 E F1 .912 +(will interpret this to mean a temporary f)102 613.8 R .912 +(ailure and will queue the mail for later processing; other)-.1 F(-)-.2 +E(wise, it ignores the name serv)102 625.8 Q(er data.)-.15 E .673 +(The same technique is used to decide whether to do MX lookups.)127 642 +R .672(If you w)5.672 F .672(ant MX support,)-.1 F(you)102 654 Q F2 +(must)2.5 E F1(ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve \231)-.2 H +(dns\232 listed as a service in the).15 E F0(hosts)2.5 E F1 +(switch entry)2.5 E(.)-.65 E(The)127 670.2 Q F0(Resolv)3.869 E +(erOptions)-.1 E F1(\()3.869 E F0(I)A F1 3.869(\)o)C 1.369(ption allo) +-3.869 F 1.369(ws you to tweak name serv)-.25 F 1.369(er options.)-.15 F +1.37(The command)6.37 F .892(line tak)102 682.2 R .892 +(es a series of \215ags as documented in)-.1 F F2 -.37(re)3.392 G +(solver).37 E F1 .892(\(3\) \(with the leading \231RES_\232 deleted\).)B +(Each)5.892 E(can be preceded by an optional `+' or `)102 694.2 Q/F4 10 +/Symbol SF(-)A F1 2.5('. F)B(or e)-.15 E(xample, the line)-.15 E 2.5(OR) +142 710.4 S(esolv)-2.5 E(erOptions=+AA)-.15 E(ONL)-.55 E(Y)-1 E F4(-)2.5 +E F1(DNSRCH)A EP +%%Page: 28 24 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-28 Sendmail)72 60 R +(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .861 +(turns on the AA)102 96 R(ONL)-.55 E 3.361(Y\()-1 G .861 +(accept authoritati)-3.361 F 1.161 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .861 +(nswers only\) and turns of).15 F 3.362(ft)-.25 G .862 +(he DNSRCH \(search the)-3.362 F 2.039(domain path\) options.)102 108 R +2.039(Most resolv)7.039 F 2.039(er libraries def)-.15 F 2.039 +(ault DNSRCH, DEFN)-.1 F 2.039(AMES, and RECURSE)-.35 F .503 +(\215ags on and all others of)102 120 R 3.003(f. Y)-.25 F .503 +(ou can also include \231HasW)-1.1 F .503 +(ildcardMX\232 to specify that there is a wild-)-.4 F 1.973 +(card MX record matching your domain; this turns of)102 132 R 4.472(fM) +-.25 G 4.472(Xm)-4.472 G 1.972(atching when canonifying names,)-4.472 F +(which can lead to inappropriate canoni\214cations.)102 144 Q -1.11(Ve) +127 160.2 S 2.256(rsion le)1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.756(l1c).15 G 2.256 +(on\214gurations turn DNSRCH and DEFN)-4.756 F 2.257(AMES of)-.35 F +4.757(fw)-.25 G 2.257(hen doing deli)-4.757 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E +2.06(lookups, b)102 172.2 R 2.06(ut lea)-.2 F 2.36 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.06 +(hem on e).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.06(rywhere else.).15 F -1.11(Ve)7.06 G +2.06(rsion 8 of)1.11 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)4.56 E F1 2.06 +(ignores them when doing)4.56 F .313 +(canoni\214cation lookups \(that is, when using $[ ... $]\), and al)102 +184.2 R -.1(wa)-.1 G .313(ys does the search.).1 F .313(If you don') +5.313 F 2.813(tw)-.18 G(ant)-2.913 E(to do automatic name e)102 196.2 Q +(xtension, don')-.15 E 2.5(tc)-.18 G(all $[ ... $].)-2.5 E .486 +(The search rules for $[ ... $] are some)127 212.4 R .485(what dif)-.25 +F .485(ferent than usual.)-.25 F .485(If the name being look)5.485 F +.485(ed up)-.1 F .109(has at least one dot, it al)102 224.4 R -.1(wa)-.1 +G .109(ys tries the unmodi\214ed name \214rst.).1 F .11(If that f)5.11 F +.11(ails, it tries the reduced search)-.1 F .124 +(path, and lastly tries the unmodi\214ed name \(b)102 236.4 R .124 +(ut only for names without a dot, since names with a dot)-.2 F(ha)102 +248.4 Q .788 -.15(ve a)-.2 H .488(lready been tried\).).15 F .488 +(This allo)5.488 F .489(ws names such as `)-.25 F(`utc.CS')-.74 E 2.989 +('t)-.74 G 2.989(om)-2.989 G .489(atch the site in Czechoslo)-2.989 F +-.25(va)-.15 G(kia).25 E 1.588 +(rather than the site in your local Computer Science department.)102 +260.4 R 1.587(It also prefers A and CN)6.587 F(AME)-.35 E .512 +(records o)102 272.4 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.012(rM).15 G 3.012(Xr)-3.012 G +.512(ecords \212 that is, if it \214nds an MX record it mak)-3.012 F +.513(es note of it, b)-.1 F .513(ut k)-.2 F .513(eeps looking.)-.1 F +1.542(This w)102 284.4 R(ay)-.1 E 4.042(,i)-.65 G 4.042(fy)-4.042 G +1.541(ou ha)-4.042 F 1.841 -.15(ve a w)-.2 H 1.541 +(ildcard MX record matching your domain, it will not assume that all).15 +F(names match.)102 296.4 Q 3.453 -.8(To c)127 312.6 T 1.853 +(ompletely turn of).8 F 4.353(fa)-.25 G 1.853(ll name serv)-4.353 F +1.853(er access on systems without service switch support)-.15 F .579 +(\(such as SunOS\) you will ha)102 324.6 R .879 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 3.078 +(or).15 G .578(ecompile with \255DN)-3.078 F .578(AMED_BIND=0 and remo) +-.35 F .878 -.15(ve \255)-.15 H .578(lresolv from).15 F +(the list of libraries to be searched when linking.)102 336.6 Q F0 2.5 +(4.10. Mo)87 360.6 R(ving the P)-.1 E(er)-.2 E(-User F)-.37 E +(orward Files)-.25 E F1 .772(Some sites mount each user')127 376.8 R +3.272(sh)-.55 G .772(ome directory from a local disk on their w)-3.272 F +.772(orkstation, so that)-.1 F .576(local access is f)102 388.8 R 3.076 +(ast. Ho)-.1 F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.376 -.4(r, t).15 H .575 +(he result is that .forw).4 F .575(ard \214le lookups are slo)-.1 F +4.375 -.65(w. I)-.25 H 3.075(ns).65 G .575(ome cases, mail)-3.075 F .216 +(can e)102 400.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.716(nb).15 G 2.716(ed)-2.716 G(eli) +-2.716 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .216 +(red on machines inappropriately because of a \214le serv).15 F .216 +(er being do)-.15 F 2.716(wn. The)-.25 F(perfor)2.716 E(-)-.2 E +(mance can be especially bad if you run the automounter)102 412.8 Q(.) +-.55 E(The)127 429 Q F0 -.25(Fo)2.744 G(rwardP).25 E(ath)-.1 E F1(\() +2.744 E F0(J)A F1 2.743(\)o)C .243(ption allo)-2.743 F .243 +(ws you to set a path of forw)-.25 F .243(ard \214les.)-.1 F -.15(Fo) +5.243 G 2.743(re).15 G .243(xample, the con-)-2.893 F(\214g \214le line) +102 441 Q 2.5(OF)142 457.2 S(orw)-2.65 E(ardP)-.1 E(ath=/v)-.15 E +(ar/forw)-.25 E(ard/$u:$z/.forw)-.1 E(ard.$w)-.1 E -.1(wo)102 473.4 S +.207(uld \214rst look for a \214le with the same name as the user').1 F +2.708(sl)-.55 G .208(ogin in /v)-2.708 F(ar/forw)-.25 E .208 +(ard; if that is not found)-.1 F 1.171 +(\(or is inaccessible\) the \214le `)102 485.4 R(`.forw)-.74 E(ard.)-.1 +E F2(mac)A(hinename)-.15 E F1 2.651 -.74('' i)D 3.671(nt).74 G 1.171 +(he user')-3.671 F 3.671(sh)-.55 G 1.17(ome directory is searched.) +-3.671 F(A)6.17 E(truly perv)102 497.4 Q +(erse site could also search by sender by using $r)-.15 E 2.5(,$)-.4 G +(s, or $f.)-2.5 E .69(If you create a directory such as /v)127 513.6 R +(ar/forw)-.25 E .69(ard, it should be mode 1777 \(that is, the stick)-.1 +F 3.19(yb)-.15 G(it)-3.19 E(should be set\).)102 525.6 Q +(Users should create the \214les mode 644.)5 E F0 2.5(4.11. Fr)87 549.6 +R(ee Space)-.18 E F1 1.406(On systems that ha)127 565.8 R 1.706 -.15 +(ve o)-.2 H 1.405(ne of the system calls in the).15 F F2(statfs)3.905 E +F1 1.405(\(2\) f)B 1.405(amily \(including)-.1 F F2(statvfs)3.905 E F1 +(and)3.905 E F2(ustat)102 577.8 Q F1 .839(\), you can specify a minimum number of free blocks on the queue \214lesystem using the) +B F0(Min-)3.34 E(Fr)102 589.8 Q(eeBlocks)-.18 E F1(\()2.554 E F0(b)A F1 +2.554(\)o)C 2.553(ption. If)-2.554 F .053(there are fe)2.553 F .053 +(wer than the indicated number of blocks free on the \214lesystem)-.25 F +1.354(on which the queue is mounted the SMTP serv)102 601.8 R 1.355 +(er will reject mail with the 452 error code.)-.15 F(This)6.355 E(in)102 +613.8 Q(vites the SMTP client to try ag)-.4 E(ain later)-.05 E(.)-.55 E +(Be)127 630 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G .746(re of setting this option too high; it can cause rejection of email when that mail w) +.1 F(ould)-.1 E(be processed without dif)102 642 Q(\214culty)-.25 E(.) +-.65 E F0 2.5(4.12. Maximum)87 666 R(Message Size)2.5 E F1 2.077 -.8 +(To a)127 682.2 T -.2(vo).6 G .477(id o).2 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(r\215o).15 E +.478(wing your system with a lar)-.25 F .478(ge message, the)-.18 F F0 +(MaxMessageSize)2.978 E F1 .478(option can be)2.978 F .693 +(set to set an absolute limit on the size of an)102 694.2 R 3.193(yo) +-.15 G .693(ne message.)-3.193 F .692(This will be adv)5.692 F .692 +(ertised in the ESMTP)-.15 F(dialogue and check)102 706.2 Q +(ed during message collection.)-.1 E EP +%%Page: 29 25 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q +(SMM:08-29)195.86 E 2.5(4.13. Pri)87 96 R -.1(va)-.1 G(cy Flags).1 E/F1 +10/Times-Roman@0 SF(The)127 112.2 Q F0(Pri)2.96 E -.1(va)-.1 G +(cyOptions).1 E F1(\()2.96 E F0(p)A F1 2.96(\)o)C .46(ption allo)-2.96 F +.46(ws you to set certain `)-.25 F(`pri)-.74 E -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy) +.25 G 1.94 -.74('' \215).15 H 2.96(ags. Actually).74 F 2.96(,m)-.65 G +(an)-2.96 E 2.96(yo)-.15 G(f)-2.96 E .534(them don')102 124.2 R 3.034 +(tg)-.18 G -2.15 -.25(iv e)-3.034 H .534(you an)3.284 F 3.034(ye)-.15 G +.534(xtra pri)-3.184 F -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G 3.034(,r)-.5 G .534 +(ather just insisting that client SMTP serv)-3.034 F .533 +(ers use the HELO)-.15 F 2.87 +(command before using certain commands or adding e)102 136.2 R 2.87 +(xtra headers to indicate possible spoof)-.15 F(attempts.)102 148.2 Q +.124(The option tak)127 164.4 R .124 +(es a series of \215ag names; the \214nal pri)-.1 F -.25(va)-.25 G .424 +-.15(cy i).25 H 2.624(st).15 G .124(he inclusi)-2.624 F .424 -.15(ve o) +-.25 H 2.624(ro).15 G 2.624(ft)-2.624 G .123(hose \215ags.)-2.624 F -.15 +(Fo)5.123 G(r).15 E -.15(ex)102 176.4 S(ample:).15 E 2.5(OP)142 192.6 S +(ri)-2.5 E -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G(Options=needmailhelo, noe).15 E +(xpn)-.15 E .928(insists that the HELO or EHLO command be used before a MAIL command is accepted and dis-) +102 208.8 R(ables the EXPN command.)102 220.8 Q +(The \215ags are detailed in section 5.6.)127 237 Q F0 2.5(4.14. Send)87 +261 R(to Me T)2.5 E(oo)-.92 E F1(Normally)127 277.2 Q(,)-.65 E/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.424 E F1 .924(deletes the \(en)3.424 F +-.15(ve)-.4 G .923(lope\) sender from an).15 F 3.423(yl)-.15 G .923 +(ist e)-3.423 F 3.423(xpansions. F)-.15 F .923(or e)-.15 F .923 +(xample, if)-.15 F .761(\231matt\232 sends to a list that contains \231matt\232 as one of the members he w) +102 289.2 R(on')-.1 E 3.261(tg)-.18 G .761(et a cop)-3.261 F 3.261(yo) +-.1 G 3.261(ft)-3.261 G .761(he mes-)-3.261 F 2.883(sage. If)102 301.2 R +(the)2.883 E F0<ad6d>2.883 E F1 .383 +(\(me too\) command line \215ag, or if the)2.883 F F0(MeT)2.883 E(oo) +-.92 E F1(\()2.882 E F0(m)A F1 2.882(\)o)C .382 +(ption is set in the con\214guration)-2.882 F(\214le, this beha)102 +313.2 Q(viour is suppressed.)-.2 E(Some sites lik)5 E 2.5(et)-.1 G 2.5 +(or)-2.5 G(un the)-2.5 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(SMTP)2.5 E F1 +(daemon with)2.5 E F0<ad6d>2.5 E F1(.)A F0 2.5(5. THE)72 337.2 R +(WHOLE SCOOP ON THE CONFIGURA)2.5 E(TION FILE)-.95 E F1 +(This section describes the con\214guration \214le in detail.)112 353.4 +Q .648(There is one point that should be made clear immediately: the syntax of the con\214guration \214le is) +112 369.6 R 1.077 +(designed to be reasonably easy to parse, since this is done e)87 381.6 +R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.076(ry time).15 F F2(sendmail)3.576 E F1 1.076 +(starts up, rather than)3.576 F(easy for a human to read or write.)87 +393.6 Q(On the \231future project\232 list is a con\214guration-\214le compiler) +5 E(.)-.55 E .243(The con\214guration \214le is or)112 409.8 R -.05(ga) +-.18 G .243(nized as a series of lines, each of which be).05 F .243 +(gins with a single charac-)-.15 F .102 +(ter de\214ning the semantics for the rest of the line.)87 421.8 R .102 +(Lines be)5.102 F .102(ginning with a space or a tab are continuation) +-.15 F 1.322 +(lines \(although the semantics are not well de\214ned in man)87 433.8 R +3.823(yp)-.15 G 3.823(laces\). Blank)-3.823 F 1.323(lines and lines be) +3.823 F(ginning)-.15 E(with a sharp symbol \(`#'\) are comments.)87 +445.8 Q F0 2.5(5.1. R)87 469.8 R(and S \212 Rewriting Rules)2.5 E F1 +.466(The core of address parsing are the re)127 486 R .466 +(writing rules.)-.25 F .465(These are an ordered production system.) +5.466 F F2(Sendmail)102 498 Q F1 .19(scans through the set of re)2.69 F +.19(writing rules looking for a match on the left hand side \(LHS\) of) +-.25 F(the rule.)102 510 Q(When a rule matches, the address is replaced by the right hand side \(RHS\) of the rule.) +5 E .922(There are se)127 526.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .922(ral sets of re).15 +F .921(writing rules.)-.25 F .921(Some of the re)5.921 F .921 +(writing sets are used internally and)-.25 F .359(must ha)102 538.2 R +.659 -.15(ve s)-.2 H .359(peci\214c semantics.).15 F .359(Other re)5.359 +F .359(writing sets do not ha)-.25 F .659 -.15(ve s)-.2 H .36 +(peci\214cally assigned semantics, and).15 F +(may be referenced by the mailer de\214nitions or by other re)102 550.2 +Q(writing sets.)-.25 E(The syntax of these tw)127 566.4 Q 2.5(oc)-.1 G +(ommands are:)-2.5 E F0(S)142 582.6 Q F2(n)A F1 .249 +(Sets the current ruleset being collected to)102 598.8 R F2(n)2.749 E F1 +5.249(.I)C 2.748(fy)-5.249 G .248(ou be)-2.748 F .248 +(gin a ruleset more than once it appends to the)-.15 F +(old de\214nition.)102 610.8 Q F0(R)142 627 Q F2(lhs rhs comments)A F1 +1.185(The \214elds must be separated by at least one tab character; there may be embedded spaces in the) +102 643.2 R 2.595(\214elds. The)102 655.2 R F2(lhs)2.595 E F1 .095 +(is a pattern that is applied to the input.)2.595 F .095 +(If it matches, the input is re)5.095 F .094(written to the)-.25 F F2 +(rhs)2.594 E F1(.)A(The)102 667.2 Q F2(comments)2.5 E F1(are ignored.) +2.5 E .755(Macro e)127 683.4 R .755(xpansions of the form)-.15 F F0($) +3.255 E F2(x)A F1 .755 +(are performed when the con\214guration \214le is read.)3.255 F(Expan-) +5.755 E .284(sions of the form)102 695.4 R F0($&)2.784 E F2(x)A F1 .284 +(are performed at run time using a some)2.784 F .283 +(what less general algorithm.)-.25 F .283(This for)5.283 F +(is intended only for referencing internally de\214ned macros such as) +102 707.4 Q F0($h)2.5 E F1(that are changed at runtime.)2.5 E EP +%%Page: 30 26 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-30 Sendmail)72 60 R +(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(5.1.1. The)102 96 R +(left hand side)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 2.77 +(The left hand side of re)142 112.2 R 2.771 +(writing rules contains a pattern.)-.25 F 2.771(Normal w)7.771 F 2.771 +(ords are simply)-.1 F(matched directly)117 124.2 Q 5(.M)-.65 G +(etasyntax is introduced using a dollar sign.)-5 E(The metasymbols are:) +5 E F0($*)157 140.4 Q F1(Match zero or more tok)10.14 E(ens)-.1 E F0($+) +157 152.4 Q F1(Match one or more tok)9.44 E(ens)-.1 E F0<24ad>157 164.4 +Q F1(Match e)9.44 E(xactly one tok)-.15 E(en)-.1 E F0($=)157 176.4 Q/F2 +10/Times-Italic@0 SF(x)A F1(Match an)5 E 2.5(yp)-.15 G(hrase in class) +-2.5 E F2(x)2.5 E F0($~)157 188.4 Q F2(x)A F1(Match an)7.37 E 2.5(yw) +-.15 G(ord not in class)-2.6 E F2(x)2.5 E F1 .132(If an)117 204.6 R +2.632(yo)-.15 G 2.632(ft)-2.632 G .132(hese match, the)-2.632 F 2.632 +(ya)-.15 G .132(re assigned to the symbol)-2.632 F F0($)2.632 E F2(n)A +F1 .131(for replacement on the right hand side,)2.632 F(where)117 216.6 +Q F2(n)2.5 E F1(is the inde)2.5 E 2.5(xi)-.15 G 2.5(nt)-2.5 G(he LHS.) +-2.5 E -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample, if the LHS:)-2.65 E($\255:$+)157 +232.8 Q(is applied to the input:)117 249 Q(UCB)157 265.2 Q(ARP)-.35 E +(A:eric)-.92 E(the rule will match, and the v)117 281.4 Q +(alues passed to the RHS will be:)-.25 E 7.5($1 UCB)157 297.6 R(ARP)-.35 +E(A)-.92 E 7.5($2 eric)157 309.6 R(Additionally)142 330 Q 2.704(,t)-.65 +G .204(he LHS can include)-2.704 F F0($@)2.704 E F1 .204 +(to match zero tok)2.704 F 2.704(ens. This)-.1 F(is)2.704 E F2(not)2.704 +E F1 .204(bound to a)2.704 F F0($)2.705 E F2(n)A F1(on)2.705 E(the RHS, and is normally only used when it stands alone in order to match the null input.) +117 342 Q F0 2.5(5.1.2. The)102 366 R(right hand side)2.5 E F1 .649 +(When the left hand side of a re)142 382.2 R .649 +(writing rule matches, the input is deleted and replaced by)-.25 F 1.036 +(the right hand side.)117 394.2 R -.8(To)6.036 G -.1(ke).8 G 1.036 +(ns are copied directly from the RHS unless the).1 F 3.537(yb)-.15 G +-.15(eg)-3.537 G 1.037(in with a dollar).15 F 2.5(sign. Metasymbols)117 +406.2 R(are:)2.5 E F0($)157 422.4 Q F2(n)A F1 +(Substitute inde\214nite tok)40.55 E(en)-.1 E F2(n)2.5 E F1(from LHS)2.5 +E F0($[)157 434.4 Q F2(name)A F0($])A F1(Canonicalize)12.23 E F2(name) +2.5 E F0($\()157 446.4 Q F2(map k)A -.3(ey)-.1 G F0($@)2.8 E F2(ar)A +(guments)-.37 E F0($:)2.5 E F2(default)A F0($\))2.5 E F1(Generalized k) +207.55 458.4 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G(ed mapping function).15 E F0($>)157 470.4 Q +F2(n)A F1(\231Call\232 ruleset)34.85 E F2(n)2.5 E F0($#)157 482.4 Q F2 +(mailer)A F1(Resolv)14.44 E 2.5(et)-.15 G(o)-2.5 E F2(mailer)2.5 E F0 +($@)157 494.4 Q F2(host)A F1(Specify)19.58 E F2(host)2.5 E F0($:)157 +506.4 Q F2(user)A F1(Specify)25 E F2(user)2.5 E F1(The)142 526.8 Q F0($) +3.137 E F2(n)A F1 .637(syntax substitutes the corresponding v)3.137 F +.637(alue from a)-.25 F F0($+)3.137 E F1(,)A F0<24ad>3.137 E F1(,)A F0 +($*)3.137 E F1(,)A F0($=)3.137 E F1 3.137(,o)C(r)-3.137 E F0($~)3.137 E +F1 .636(match on)3.136 F(the LHS.)117 538.8 Q(It may be used an)5 E +(ywhere.)-.15 E 2.705(Ah)142 555 S .205(ost name enclosed between)-2.705 +F F0($[)2.705 E F1(and)2.705 E F0($])2.706 E F1 .206(is look)2.706 F +.206(ed up in the host database\(s\) and replaced)-.1 F 1.683 +(by the canonical name)117 569 R/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(14)-4 I F1 6.683 +(.F)4 K 1.683(or e)-6.833 F 1.683 +(xample, \231$[ftp$]\232 might become \231ftp.CS.Berk)-.15 F(ele)-.1 E +-.65(y.)-.15 G 1.683(EDU\232 and).65 F 2.706 +(\231$[[128.32.130.2]$]\232 w)117 581 R 2.706(ould become \231v)-.1 F +(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU.).65 E<9a>-.7 E F2 +(Sendmail)7.707 E F1 2.707(recognizes it')5.207 F(s)-.55 E +(numeric IP address without calling the name serv)117 593 Q +(er and replaces it with it')-.15 E 2.5(sc)-.55 G(anonical name.)-2.5 E +(The)142 609.2 Q F0($\()3.004 E F1(...)3.004 E F0($\))5.504 E F1 .503(syntax is a more general form of lookup; it uses a named map instead of an) +3.003 F .809(implicit map.)117 621.2 R .809 +(If no lookup is found, the indicated)5.809 F F2(default)3.309 E F1 .81 +(is inserted; if no def)3.309 F .81(ault is speci\214ed)-.1 F .776 +(and no lookup matches, the v)117 633.2 R .776(alue is left unchanged.) +-.25 F(The)5.776 E F2(ar)3.276 E(guments)-.37 E F1 .775 +(are passed to the map for)3.275 F(possible use.)117 645.2 Q(The)142 +661.4 Q F0($>)2.619 E F2(n)A F1 .119(syntax causes the remainder of the line to be substituted as usual and then passed) +2.619 F .587(as the ar)117 673.4 R .587(gument to ruleset)-.18 F F2(n) +3.087 E F1 5.587(.T)C .587(he \214nal v)-5.587 F .586(alue of ruleset) +-.25 F F2(n)3.086 E F1 .586(then becomes the substitution for this)3.086 +F .32 LW 76 683 72 683 DL 80 683 76 683 DL 84 683 80 683 DL 88 683 84 +683 DL 92 683 88 683 DL 96 683 92 683 DL 100 683 96 683 DL 104 683 100 +683 DL 108 683 104 683 DL 112 683 108 683 DL 116 683 112 683 DL 120 683 +116 683 DL 124 683 120 683 DL 128 683 124 683 DL 132 683 128 683 DL 136 +683 132 683 DL 140 683 136 683 DL 144 683 140 683 DL 148 683 144 683 DL +152 683 148 683 DL 156 683 152 683 DL 160 683 156 683 DL 164 683 160 683 +DL 168 683 164 683 DL 172 683 168 683 DL 176 683 172 683 DL 180 683 176 +683 DL 184 683 180 683 DL 188 683 184 683 DL 192 683 188 683 DL 196 683 +192 683 DL 200 683 196 683 DL 204 683 200 683 DL 208 683 204 683 DL 212 +683 208 683 DL 216 683 212 683 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(14)93.6 693.4 Q +/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(This is actually completely equi)3.2 I -.2(va)-.2 +G(lent to $\(host).2 E/F6 8/Times-Italic@0 SF(hostname)2 E F5 2($\). In) +B(particular)2 E 2(,a)-.32 G/F7 8/Times-Bold@0 SF($:)A F5(def)2 E +(ault can be used.)-.08 E EP +%%Page: 31 27 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q +(SMM:08-31)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 3.075(rule. The)117 96 R F0 +($>)3.075 E F1 .575(syntax can only be used at the be)3.075 F .575 +(ginning of the right hand side; it can be only be)-.15 F(preceded by) +117 108 Q F0($@)2.5 E F1(or)2.5 E F0($:)2.5 E F1(.)A(The)142 124.2 Q F0 +($#)2.508 E F1 .008(syntax should)2.508 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(only) +2.508 E F1 .008 +(be used in ruleset zero or a subroutine of ruleset zero.)2.508 F .007 +(It causes)5.007 F -.25(eva)117 136.2 S .684 +(luation of the ruleset to terminate immediately).25 F 3.184(,a)-.65 G +.684(nd signals to)-3.184 F F2(sendmail)3.184 E F1 .685 +(that the address has)3.185 F(completely resolv)117 148.2 Q 2.5(ed. The) +-.15 F(complete syntax is:)2.5 E F0($#)157 164.4 Q F2(mailer)A F0($@)2.5 +E F2(host)A F0($:)2.5 E F2(user)A F1 1.394(This speci\214es the {mailer) +117 180.6 R 3.894(,h)-.4 G 1.394 +(ost, user} 3-tuple necessary to direct the mailer)-3.894 F 6.394(.I) +-.55 G 3.894(ft)-6.394 G 1.394(he mailer is)-3.894 F .775 +(local the host part may be omitted)117 194.6 R/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF +(15)-4 I F1 5.775(.T)4 K(he)-5.775 E F2(mailer)3.275 E F1 .774 +(must be a single w)3.274 F .774(ord, b)-.1 F .774(ut the)-.2 F F2(host) +3.274 E F1(and)3.274 E F2(user)3.274 E F1 .252(may be multi-part.)117 +206.6 R .253(If the)5.253 F F2(mailer)2.753 E F1 .253(is the b)2.753 F +.253(uiltin IPC mailer)-.2 F 2.753(,t)-.4 G(he)-2.753 E F2(host)2.753 E +F1 .253(may be a colon-separated list)2.753 F .5 +(of hosts that are searched in order for the \214rst w)117 218.6 R .5 +(orking address \(e)-.1 F .5(xactly lik)-.15 F 3(eM)-.1 G 3(Xr)-3 G 3 +(ecords\). The)-3 F F2(user)117 230.6 Q F1 .036(is later re)2.536 F .036 +(written by the mailer)-.25 F .036(-speci\214c en)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.4 G +.036(lope re).15 F .036(writing set and assigned to the)-.25 F F0($u) +2.536 E F1(macro.)2.536 E .162 +(As a special case, if the mailer speci\214ed has the)117 242.6 R F0 +(F=@)2.662 E F1 .162 +(\215ag speci\214ed and the \214rst character of the)2.662 F F0($:)117 +254.6 Q F1 -.25(va)3.376 G .876 +(lue is \231@\232, the \231@\232 is stripped of).25 F .877 +(f, and a \215ag is set in the address descriptor that causes)-.25 F +(sendmail to not do ruleset 5 processing.)117 266.6 Q(Normally)142 282.8 +Q 3.252(,ar)-.65 G .751 +(ule that matches is retried, that is, the rule loops until it f)-3.252 +F 3.251(ails. A)-.1 F .751(RHS may)3.251 F 1.085(also be preceded by a) +117 294.8 R F0($@)3.585 E F1 1.085(or a)3.585 F F0($:)3.585 E F1 1.085 +(to change this beha)3.585 F(vior)-.2 E 6.085(.A)-.55 G F0($@)-2.5 E F1 +1.086(pre\214x causes the ruleset to)3.586 F 1.46 +(return with the remainder of the RHS as the v)117 306.8 R 3.96(alue. A) +-.25 F F0($:)3.96 E F1 1.46(pre\214x causes the rule to terminate)3.96 F +(immediately)117 318.8 Q 3.756(,b)-.65 G 1.256 +(ut the ruleset to continue; this can be used to a)-3.956 F -.2(vo)-.2 G +1.256(id continued application of a).2 F 2.5(rule. The)117 330.8 R +(pre\214x is stripped before continuing.)2.5 E(The)142 347 Q F0($@)2.5 E +F1(and)2.5 E F0($:)2.5 E F1(pre\214x)2.5 E(es may precede a)-.15 E F0 +($>)2.5 E F1(spec; for e)2.5 E(xample:)-.15 E 20.19(R$+ $:)157 363.2 R +($>7 $1)2.5 E 1.256(matches an)117 379.4 R 1.256 +(ything, passes that to ruleset se)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.256 +(n, and continues; the).15 F F0($:)3.756 E F1 1.256(is necessary to a) +3.756 F -.2(vo)-.2 G 1.256(id an).2 F(in\214nite loop.)117 391.4 Q 1.205 +(Substitution occurs in the order described, that is, parameters from the LHS are substi-) +142 407.6 R .22(tuted, hostnames are canonicalized, \231subroutines\232 are called, and \214nally) +117 419.6 R F0($#)2.719 E F1(,)A F0($@)2.719 E F1 2.719(,a)C(nd)-2.719 E +F0($:)2.719 E F1 .219(are pro-)2.719 F(cessed.)117 431.6 Q F0 2.5 +(5.1.3. Semantics)102 455.6 R(of r)2.5 E(ewriting rule sets)-.18 E F1 +1.522(There are \214v)142 471.8 R 4.023(er)-.15 G -.25(ew)-4.023 G 1.523 +(riting sets that ha).25 F 1.823 -.15(ve s)-.2 H 1.523 +(peci\214c semantics.).15 F -.15(Fo)6.523 G 1.523 +(ur of these are related as).15 F(depicted by \214gure 1.)117 483.8 Q +1.029(Ruleset three should turn the address into \231canonical form.)142 +500 R 6.029<9a54>-.7 G 1.029(his form should ha)-6.029 F 1.329 -.15 +(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E(basic syntax:)117 512 Q +(local-part@host-domain-spec)157 528.2 Q(Ruleset three is applied by)117 +544.4 Q F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(before doing an)2.5 E(ything with an)-.15 E +2.5(ya)-.15 G(ddress.)-2.5 E .301 +(If no \231@\232 sign is speci\214ed, then the host-domain-spec)142 +560.6 R F2(may)2.801 E F1 .302(be appended \(box \231D\232 in Fig-)2.801 +F .578(ure 1\) from the sender address \(if the)117 572.6 R F0(C)3.077 E +F1 .577(\215ag is set in the mailer de\214nition corresponding to the) +3.077 F F2(sending)117 584.6 Q F1(mailer\).)2.5 E 1.021(Ruleset zero is applied after ruleset three to addresses that are going to actually specify) +142 600.8 R 3.664(recipients. It)117 612.8 R 1.164(must resolv)3.664 F +3.664(et)-.15 G 3.664(oa)-3.664 G F2({mailer)A 3.664(,h)-1.11 G 1.164 +(ost, user})-3.664 F F1 3.664(triple. The)3.664 F F2(mailer)3.664 E F1 +1.163(must be de\214ned in the)3.664 F .751 +(mailer de\214nitions from the con\214guration \214le.)117 624.8 R(The) +5.751 E F2(host)3.251 E F1 .751(is de\214ned into the)3.251 F F0($h) +3.251 E F1 .752(macro for use in)3.252 F(the ar)117 636.8 Q(gv e)-.18 E +(xpansion of the speci\214ed mailer)-.15 E(.)-.55 E .453 +(Rulesets one and tw)142 653 R 2.953(oa)-.1 G .452 +(re applied to all sender and recipient addresses respecti)-2.953 F -.15 +(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.452(.T)-.65 G(he)-5.452 E(y)-.15 E +(are applied before an)117 665 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G +(peci\214cation in the mailer de\214nition.)-2.5 E(The)5 E 2.5(ym)-.15 G +(ust ne)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rr).15 G(esolv)-2.5 E(e.)-.15 E .32 LW +76 674.6 72 674.6 DL 80 674.6 76 674.6 DL 84 674.6 80 674.6 DL 88 674.6 +84 674.6 DL 92 674.6 88 674.6 DL 96 674.6 92 674.6 DL 100 674.6 96 674.6 +DL 104 674.6 100 674.6 DL 108 674.6 104 674.6 DL 112 674.6 108 674.6 DL +116 674.6 112 674.6 DL 120 674.6 116 674.6 DL 124 674.6 120 674.6 DL 128 +674.6 124 674.6 DL 132 674.6 128 674.6 DL 136 674.6 132 674.6 DL 140 +674.6 136 674.6 DL 144 674.6 140 674.6 DL 148 674.6 144 674.6 DL 152 +674.6 148 674.6 DL 156 674.6 152 674.6 DL 160 674.6 156 674.6 DL 164 +674.6 160 674.6 DL 168 674.6 164 674.6 DL 172 674.6 168 674.6 DL 176 +674.6 172 674.6 DL 180 674.6 176 674.6 DL 184 674.6 180 674.6 DL 188 +674.6 184 674.6 DL 192 674.6 188 674.6 DL 196 674.6 192 674.6 DL 200 +674.6 196 674.6 DL 204 674.6 200 674.6 DL 208 674.6 204 674.6 DL 212 +674.6 208 674.6 DL 216 674.6 212 674.6 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(15)93.6 +685 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF -.88(Yo)3.2 K 2.725(um).88 G .725(ay w) +-2.725 F .726(ant to use it for special \231per user\232 e)-.08 F 2.726 +(xtensions. F)-.12 F .726(or e)-.12 F .726 +(xample, in the address \231jgm+foo@CMU.EDU\232; the \231+foo\232)-.12 F +(part is not part of the user name, and is passed to the local mailer for local use.) +72 697.8 Q EP +%%Page: 32 28 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-32 Sendmail)72 60 R +(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E .4 LW 77 108 72 108 DL 79 108 74 +108 DL 84 108 79 108 DL 89 108 84 108 DL 94 108 89 108 DL 99 108 94 108 +DL 104 108 99 108 DL 109 108 104 108 DL 114 108 109 108 DL 119 108 114 +108 DL 124 108 119 108 DL 129 108 124 108 DL 134 108 129 108 DL 139 108 +134 108 DL 144 108 139 108 DL 149 108 144 108 DL 154 108 149 108 DL 159 +108 154 108 DL 164 108 159 108 DL 169 108 164 108 DL 174 108 169 108 DL +179 108 174 108 DL 184 108 179 108 DL 189 108 184 108 DL 194 108 189 108 +DL 199 108 194 108 DL 204 108 199 108 DL 209 108 204 108 DL 214 108 209 +108 DL 219 108 214 108 DL 224 108 219 108 DL 229 108 224 108 DL 234 108 +229 108 DL 239 108 234 108 DL 244 108 239 108 DL 249 108 244 108 DL 254 +108 249 108 DL 259 108 254 108 DL 264 108 259 108 DL 269 108 264 108 DL +274 108 269 108 DL 279 108 274 108 DL 284 108 279 108 DL 289 108 284 108 +DL 294 108 289 108 DL 299 108 294 108 DL 304 108 299 108 DL 309 108 304 +108 DL 314 108 309 108 DL 319 108 314 108 DL 324 108 319 108 DL 329 108 +324 108 DL 334 108 329 108 DL 339 108 334 108 DL 344 108 339 108 DL 349 +108 344 108 DL 354 108 349 108 DL 359 108 354 108 DL 364 108 359 108 DL +369 108 364 108 DL 374 108 369 108 DL 379 108 374 108 DL 384 108 379 108 +DL 389 108 384 108 DL 394 108 389 108 DL 399 108 394 108 DL 404 108 399 +108 DL 409 108 404 108 DL 414 108 409 108 DL 419 108 414 108 DL 424 108 +419 108 DL 429 108 424 108 DL 434 108 429 108 DL 439 108 434 108 DL 444 +108 439 108 DL 449 108 444 108 DL 454 108 449 108 DL 459 108 454 108 DL +464 108 459 108 DL 469 108 464 108 DL 474 108 469 108 DL 479 108 474 108 +DL 484 108 479 108 DL 489 108 484 108 DL 494 108 489 108 DL 499 108 494 +108 DL 504 108 499 108 DL/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(addr)91.915 202.6 Q +133.2 200.4 111.6 200.4 DL 133.2 200.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0 -3.6 RL CL BL +133.2 200.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0 -3.6 RL CL ST 154.8 211.2 MT 0 -21.6 RL +-21.6 0 RL 0 21.6 RL CL ST(3)141.5 202.6 Q 176.4 200.4 154.8 200.4 DL +176.4 200.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0 -3.6 RL CL BL 176.4 200.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0 +-3.6 RL CL ST 198 211.2 MT 0 -21.6 RL -21.6 0 RL 0 21.6 RL CL ST(D) +183.59 202.6 Q 219.6 200.4 198 200.4 DL 277.2 182.4 255.6 182.4 DL 277.2 +182.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0 -3.6 RL CL BL 277.2 182.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0 -3.6 +RL CL ST 298.8 193.2 MT 0 -21.6 RL -21.6 0 RL 0 21.6 RL CL ST(1)285.5 +184.6 Q 320.4 182.4 298.8 182.4 DL 320.4 182.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0 -3.6 RL +CL BL 320.4 182.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0 -3.6 RL CL ST 342 193.2 MT 0 -21.6 RL +-21.6 0 RL 0 21.6 RL CL ST(S)328.42 184.6 Q 363.6 182.4 342 182.4 DL +277.2 218.4 255.6 218.4 DL 277.2 218.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0 -3.6 RL CL BL +277.2 218.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0 -3.6 RL CL ST 298.8 229.2 MT 0 -21.6 RL +-21.6 0 RL 0 21.6 RL CL ST(2)285.5 220.6 Q 320.4 218.4 298.8 218.4 DL +320.4 218.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0 -3.6 RL CL BL 320.4 218.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0 +-3.6 RL CL ST 342 229.2 MT 0 -21.6 RL -21.6 0 RL 0 21.6 RL CL ST(R) +327.865 220.6 Q 363.6 218.4 342 218.4 DL 421.2 200.4 399.6 200.4 DL +421.2 200.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0 -3.6 RL CL BL 421.2 200.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0 +-3.6 RL CL ST 442.8 211.2 MT 0 -21.6 RL -21.6 0 RL 0 21.6 RL CL ST(4) +429.5 202.6 Q 464.4 200.4 442.8 200.4 DL 464.4 200.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0 +-3.6 RL CL BL 464.4 200.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0 -3.6 RL CL ST(msg)466.865 +202.6 Q 255.6 182.4 219.6 200.4 DL 255.6 218.4 219.6 200.4 DL 399.6 +200.4 363.6 182.4 DL 399.6 200.4 363.6 218.4 DL 208.8 146.4 187.2 146.4 +DL 208.8 146.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0 -3.6 RL CL BL 208.8 146.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL +0 -3.6 RL CL ST 230.4 157.2 MT 0 -21.6 RL -21.6 0 RL 0 21.6 RL CL ST(0) +217.1 148.6 Q 252 146.4 230.4 146.4 DL 252 146.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0 -3.6 +RL CL BL 252 146.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0 -3.6 RL CL ST(resolv)265.69 148.6 Q +(ed address)-.15 E 187.2 146.4 162 200.4 DL(Figure 1 \212 Re)216.045 +248.4 Q(writing set semantics)-.25 E 2.5(D\212s)209.35 260.4 S +(ender domain addition)-2.5 E 2.5(S\212m)209.35 272.4 S(ailer)-2.5 E +(-speci\214c sender re)-.2 E(writing)-.25 E 2.5(R\212m)209.35 284.4 S +(ailer)-2.5 E(-speci\214c recipient re)-.2 E(writing)-.25 E 77 296.4 72 +296.4 DL 79 296.4 74 296.4 DL 84 296.4 79 296.4 DL 89 296.4 84 296.4 DL +94 296.4 89 296.4 DL 99 296.4 94 296.4 DL 104 296.4 99 296.4 DL 109 +296.4 104 296.4 DL 114 296.4 109 296.4 DL 119 296.4 114 296.4 DL 124 +296.4 119 296.4 DL 129 296.4 124 296.4 DL 134 296.4 129 296.4 DL 139 +296.4 134 296.4 DL 144 296.4 139 296.4 DL 149 296.4 144 296.4 DL 154 +296.4 149 296.4 DL 159 296.4 154 296.4 DL 164 296.4 159 296.4 DL 169 +296.4 164 296.4 DL 174 296.4 169 296.4 DL 179 296.4 174 296.4 DL 184 +296.4 179 296.4 DL 189 296.4 184 296.4 DL 194 296.4 189 296.4 DL 199 +296.4 194 296.4 DL 204 296.4 199 296.4 DL 209 296.4 204 296.4 DL 214 +296.4 209 296.4 DL 219 296.4 214 296.4 DL 224 296.4 219 296.4 DL 229 +296.4 224 296.4 DL 234 296.4 229 296.4 DL 239 296.4 234 296.4 DL 244 +296.4 239 296.4 DL 249 296.4 244 296.4 DL 254 296.4 249 296.4 DL 259 +296.4 254 296.4 DL 264 296.4 259 296.4 DL 269 296.4 264 296.4 DL 274 +296.4 269 296.4 DL 279 296.4 274 296.4 DL 284 296.4 279 296.4 DL 289 +296.4 284 296.4 DL 294 296.4 289 296.4 DL 299 296.4 294 296.4 DL 304 +296.4 299 296.4 DL 309 296.4 304 296.4 DL 314 296.4 309 296.4 DL 319 +296.4 314 296.4 DL 324 296.4 319 296.4 DL 329 296.4 324 296.4 DL 334 +296.4 329 296.4 DL 339 296.4 334 296.4 DL 344 296.4 339 296.4 DL 349 +296.4 344 296.4 DL 354 296.4 349 296.4 DL 359 296.4 354 296.4 DL 364 +296.4 359 296.4 DL 369 296.4 364 296.4 DL 374 296.4 369 296.4 DL 379 +296.4 374 296.4 DL 384 296.4 379 296.4 DL 389 296.4 384 296.4 DL 394 +296.4 389 296.4 DL 399 296.4 394 296.4 DL 404 296.4 399 296.4 DL 409 +296.4 404 296.4 DL 414 296.4 409 296.4 DL 419 296.4 414 296.4 DL 424 +296.4 419 296.4 DL 429 296.4 424 296.4 DL 434 296.4 429 296.4 DL 439 +296.4 434 296.4 DL 444 296.4 439 296.4 DL 449 296.4 444 296.4 DL 454 +296.4 449 296.4 DL 459 296.4 454 296.4 DL 464 296.4 459 296.4 DL 469 +296.4 464 296.4 DL 474 296.4 469 296.4 DL 479 296.4 474 296.4 DL 484 +296.4 479 296.4 DL 489 296.4 484 296.4 DL 494 296.4 489 296.4 DL 499 +296.4 494 296.4 DL 504 296.4 499 296.4 DL 1.265 +(Ruleset four is applied to all addresses in the message.)142 332.4 R +1.266(It is typically used to translate)6.265 F(internal to e)117 344.4 +Q(xternal form.)-.15 E .653(In addition, ruleset 5 is applied to all local addresses \(speci\214cally) +142 360.6 R 3.152(,t)-.65 G .652(hose that resolv)-3.152 F 3.152(et)-.15 +G 3.152(oa)-3.152 G .296 +(mailer with the `F=5' \215ag set\) that do not ha)117 372.6 R .596 -.15 +(ve a)-.2 H 2.796(liases. This).15 F(allo)2.796 E .296 +(ws a last minute hook for local)-.25 F(names.)117 384.6 Q F0 2.5 +(5.1.4. Ruleset)102 408.6 R(hooks)2.5 E F1 3.815(Af)142 424.8 S 1.815 +-.25(ew e)-3.815 H 1.315(xtra rulesets are de\214ned as \231hooks\232 that can be de\214ned to get special features.) +.1 F(The)117 436.8 Q 3.467(ya)-.15 G .968(re all named rulesets.)-3.467 +F .968(The \231check_*\232 forms all gi)5.968 F 1.268 -.15(ve a)-.25 H +.968(ccept/reject status; f).15 F .968(alling of)-.1 F 3.468(ft)-.25 G +(he)-3.468 E(end or returning normally is an accept, and resolving to $#error is a reject.) +117 448.8 Q F0 2.5(5.1.4.1. check_r)117 472.8 R(elay)-.18 E F1(The)157 +489 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.15(ch)2.5 G(ec).15 E(k_r)-.2 E(elay)-.37 +E F1(ruleset is called after a connection is accepted.)2.5 E +(It is passed)5 E(client.host.name $| client.host.address)172 505.2 Q +(where)132 521.4 Q F0($|)4.017 E F1 1.517 +(is a metacharacter separating the tw)4.017 F 4.017(op)-.1 G 4.017 +(arts. This)-4.017 F 1.517(ruleset can reject connections)4.017 F +(from v)132 533.4 Q(arious locations.)-.25 E F0 2.5(5.1.4.2. check_mail) +117 557.4 R F1(The)157 573.6 Q F2 -.15(ch)3.722 G(ec).15 E(k_mail)-.2 E +F1 1.223(ruleset is passed the user name parameter of the)3.722 F/F3 9 +/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.223(SMTP MAIL)3.723 F F1(com-)3.723 E 2.5(mand. It) +132 585.6 R(can accept or reject the address.)2.5 E F0 2.5 +(5.1.4.3. check_r)117 609.6 R(cpt)-.18 E F1(The)157 625.8 Q F2 -.15(ch) +3.918 G(ec).15 E(k_r)-.2 E(cpt)-.37 E F1 1.417 +(ruleset is passed the user name parameter of the)3.918 F F3 1.417 +(SMTP RCPT)3.917 F F1(com-)3.917 E 2.5(mand. It)132 637.8 R +(can accept or reject the address.)2.5 E F0 2.5(5.1.4.4. check_compat) +117 661.8 R F1(The)157 678 Q F2 -.15(ch)2.5 G(ec).15 E(k_compat)-.2 E F1 +(ruleset is passed)2.5 E(sender)172 694.2 Q +(-address $| recipient-address)-.2 E(where)132 710.4 Q F0($|)3.725 E F1 +1.225(is a metacharacter separating the addresses.)3.725 F 1.225 +(It can accept or reject mail transfer)6.225 F(between these tw)132 +722.4 Q 2.5(oa)-.1 G(ddresses much lik)-2.5 E 2.5(et)-.1 G(he)-2.5 E F2 +-.15(ch)2.5 G(ec).15 E(kcompat\(\))-.2 E F1(function.)2.5 E EP +%%Page: 33 29 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q +(SMM:08-33)195.86 E 2.5(5.1.5. IPC)102 96 R(mailers)2.5 E/F1 10 +/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.333 +(Some special processing occurs if the ruleset zero resolv)142 112.2 R +1.332(es to an IPC mailer \(that is, a)-.15 F 1.178 +(mailer that has \231[IPC]\232 listed as the P)117 124.2 R 1.179 +(ath in the)-.15 F F0(M)3.679 E F1 1.179(con\214guration line.)3.679 F +1.179(The host name passed)6.179 F .169(after \231$@\232 has MX e)117 +136.2 R .168(xpansion performed; this looks the name up in DNS to \214nd alternate deli) +-.15 F(v-)-.25 E(ery sites.)117 148.2 Q(The host name can also be pro) +142 164.4 Q(vided as a dotted quad in square brack)-.15 E(ets; for e)-.1 +E(xample:)-.15 E([128.32.149.78])157 180.6 Q(This causes direct con)117 +196.8 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G(rsion of the numeric v).15 E +(alue to a TCP/IP host address.)-.25 E .214(The host name passed in after the \231$@\232 may also be a colon-separated list of hosts.) +142 213 R(Each)5.214 E .485(is separately MX e)117 225 R .484 +(xpanded and the results are concatenated to mak)-.15 F 2.984(e\()-.1 G +.484(essentially\) one long MX)-2.984 F 3.464(list. The)117 237 R .964 +(intent here is to create \231f)3.464 F(ak)-.1 E .964 +(e\232 MX records that are not published in DNS for pri)-.1 F -.25(va) +-.25 G(te).25 E(internal netw)117 249 Q(orks.)-.1 E +(As a \214nal special case, the host name can be passed in as a te)142 +265.2 Q(xt string in square brack)-.15 E(ets:)-.1 E([ucb)157 281.4 Q +-.25(va)-.15 G(x.berk).25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(edu]).65 E .313 +(This form a)117 297.6 R -.2(vo)-.2 G .313(ids the MX mapping.).2 F F0 +(N.B.:)5.313 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF .312 +(This is intended only for situations wher)2.813 F 2.812(ey)-.37 G .312 +(ou have a)-2.812 F .337(network \214r)117 309.6 R -.15(ew)-.37 G .337 +(all or other host that will do special pr).15 F .337 +(ocessing for all your mail, so that your MX)-.45 F -.37(re)117 321.6 S +(cor).37 E 3.959(dp)-.37 G 1.459(oints to a gate)-3.959 F 1.459(way mac) +-.15 F 1.459(hine; this mac)-.15 F 1.458(hine could then do dir)-.15 F +1.458(ect delivery to mac)-.37 F(hines)-.15 E .09 +(within your local domain.)117 333.6 R .09(Use of this featur)5.09 F +2.59(ed)-.37 G(ir)-2.59 E .09 +(ectly violates RFC 1123 section 5.3.5: it should)-.37 F +(not be used lightly)117 345.6 Q(.)-.55 E F0 2.5(5.2. D)87 369.6 R 2.5 +<8a44>2.5 G(e\214ne Macr)-2.5 E(o)-.18 E F1 .082 +(Macros are named with a single character or with a w)127 385.8 R .081 +(ord in {braces}.)-.1 F .081(Single character names)5.081 F .45 +(may be selected from the entire ASCII set, b)102 397.8 R .45(ut user) +-.2 F .45(-de\214ned macros should be selected from the set)-.2 F .446 +(of upper case letters only)102 409.8 R 5.446(.L)-.65 G -.25(ow)-5.446 G +.446(er case letters and special symbols are used internally).25 F 5.446 +(.L)-.65 G .446(ong names)-5.446 F(be)102 421.8 Q .912 +(ginning with a lo)-.15 F .912 +(wer case letter or a punctuation character are reserv)-.25 F .913 +(ed for use by sendmail, so)-.15 F(user)102 433.8 Q +(-de\214ned long macro names should be)-.2 E +(gin with an upper case letter)-.15 E(.)-.55 E +(The syntax for macro de\214nitions is:)127 450 Q F0(D)142 466.2 Q F2 +1.666(xv)C(al)-1.666 E F1(where)102 482.4 Q F2(x)3.069 E F1 .569 +(is the name of the macro \(which may be a single character or a w)3.069 +F .568(ord in braces\) and)-.1 F F2(val)3.068 E F1(is)3.068 E .478 +(the v)102 494.4 R .478(alue it should ha)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 5.478(.T) +.15 G .478(here should be no spaces gi)-5.478 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.978(nt) +.15 G .479(hat do not actually belong in the macro)-2.978 F -.25(va)102 +506.4 S(lue.).25 E .494(Macros are interpolated using the construct)127 +522.6 R F0($)2.994 E F2(x)A F1 2.994(,w)C(here)-2.994 E F2(x)2.994 E F1 +.494(is the name of the macro to be inter)2.994 F(-)-.2 E 2.932 +(polated. This)102 534.6 R .432 +(interpolation is done when the con\214guration \214le is read, e)2.932 +F .433(xcept in)-.15 F F0(M)2.933 E F1 2.933(lines. The)2.933 F(spe-) +2.933 E(cial construct)102 546.6 Q F0($&)2.5 E F2(x)A F1(can be used in) +2.5 E F0(R)2.5 E F1(lines to get deferred interpolation.)2.5 E +(Conditionals can be speci\214ed using the syntax:)127 562.8 Q($?x te) +142 579 Q(xt1 $| te)-.15 E(xt2 $.)-.15 E 1.128(This interpolates)102 +595.2 R F2(te)3.628 E(xt1)-.2 E F1 1.128(if the macro)3.628 F F0($x) +3.628 E F1 1.128(is set, and)3.628 F F2(te)3.628 E(xt2)-.2 E F1 3.627 +(otherwise. The)3.628 F 1.127(\231else\232 \()3.627 F F0($|)A F1 3.627 +(\)c)C 1.127(lause may be)-3.627 F(omitted.)102 607.2 Q(Lo)127 623.4 Q +.58(wer case macro names are reserv)-.25 F .58(ed to ha)-.15 F .88 -.15 +(ve s)-.2 H .58(pecial semantics, used to pass information in).15 F +1.561(or out of)102 635.4 R F2(sendmail)4.061 E F1 4.061(,a)C 1.561 +(nd special characters are reserv)-4.061 F 1.561(ed to pro)-.15 F 1.56 +(vide conditionals, etc.)-.15 F 1.56(Upper case)6.56 F(names \(that is,) +102 647.4 Q F0($A)2.5 E F1(through)2.5 E F0($Z)2.5 E F1 2.5(\)a)C +(re speci\214cally reserv)-2.5 E(ed for con\214guration \214le authors.) +-.15 E 1.302(The follo)127 663.6 R 1.302 +(wing macros are de\214ned and/or used internally by)-.25 F F2(sendmail) +3.803 E F1 1.303(for interpolation into)3.803 F EP +%%Page: 34 30 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-34 Sendmail)72 60 R +(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(ar)102 98 +Q(gv')-.18 E 2.793(sf)-.55 G .293(or mailers or for other conte)-2.793 F +2.793(xts. The)-.15 F .293(ones mark)2.793 F .292 +(ed \207 are information passed into sendmail)-.1 F/F2 7/Times-Roman@0 +SF(16)-4 I F1(,)4 I .035(the ones mark)102 110 R .036(ed \210 are information passed both in and out of sendmail, and the unmark) +-.1 F .036(ed macros are)-.1 F(passed out of sendmail b)102 122 Q +(ut are not otherwise used internally)-.2 E 5(.T)-.65 G +(hese macros are:)-5 E 13.06($a The)102 138.2 R +(origination date in RFC 822 format.)2.5 E(This is e)5 E +(xtracted from the Date: line.)-.15 E 12.5($b The)102 154.4 R +(current date in RFC 822 format.)2.5 E 13.06($c The)102 170.6 R .003 +(hop count.)2.503 F .003(This is a count of the number of Recei)5.003 F +-.15(ve)-.25 G .002(d: lines plus the v).15 F .002(alue of the)-.25 F F0 +<ad68>2.502 E F1(com-)2.502 E(mand line \215ag.)127 182.6 Q 12.5($d The) +102 198.8 R(current date in UNIX \(ctime\) format.)2.5 E 8.06 +($e\207 \(Obsolete;)102 215 R 1.814 +(use SmtpGreetingMessage option instead.\))4.314 F 1.814 +(The SMTP entry message.)6.814 F 1.814(This is)6.814 F 2.008 +(printed out when SMTP starts up.)127 227 R 2.008(The \214rst w)7.008 F +2.008(ord must be the)-.1 F F0($j)4.508 E F1 2.008 +(macro as speci\214ed by)4.508 F 2.731(RFC821. Def)127 239 R .231 +(aults to \231$j Sendmail $v ready at $b\232.)-.1 F .232 +(Commonly rede\214ned to include the con-)5.232 F(\214guration v)127 251 +Q(ersion number)-.15 E 2.5(,e)-.4 G +(.g., \231$j Sendmail $v/$Z ready at $b\232)-2.5 E 14.17($f The)102 +267.2 R(en)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.4 G(lope sender \(from\) address.).15 E 12.5 +($g The)102 283.4 R .018(sender address relati)2.518 F .318 -.15(ve t) +-.25 H 2.518(ot).15 G .018(he recipient.)-2.518 F -.15(Fo)5.018 G 2.518 +(re).15 G .017(xample, if)-2.668 F F0($f)2.517 E F1 .017 +(is \231foo\232,)2.517 F F0($g)2.517 E F1 .017 +(will be \231host!foo\232,)2.517 F(\231foo@host.domain\232, or whate)127 +295.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G 2.5(sa)-2.5 G +(ppropriate for the recei)-2.5 E(ving mailer)-.25 E(.)-.55 E 12.5 +($h The)102 311.6 R(recipient host.)2.5 E +(This is set in ruleset 0 from the $# \214eld of a parsed address.)5 E +14.72($i The)102 327.8 R(queue id, e.g., \231HAA12345\232.)2.5 E 9.72 +($j\210 The)102 344 R(\231of)2.746 E .247 +(\214cial\232 domain name for this site.)-.25 F .247 +(This is fully quali\214ed if the full quali\214cation can be)5.247 F +3.094(found. It)127 356 R/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(must)3.094 E F1 .593(be rede\214ned to be the fully quali\214ed domain name if your system is not con-) +3.094 F(\214gured so that information can \214nd it automatically)127 +368 Q(.)-.65 E 12.5($k The)102 384.2 R +(UUCP node name \(from the uname system call\).)2.5 E 9.72 +($l\207 \(Obsolete;)102 400.4 R 1.281 +(use UnixFromLine option instead.\))3.781 F 1.282 +(The format of the UNIX from line.)6.282 F(Unless)6.282 E 1.41(you ha) +127 412.4 R 1.71 -.15(ve c)-.2 H 1.409 +(hanged the UNIX mailbox format, you should not change the def).15 F +1.409(ault, which is)-.1 F(\231From $g)127 424.4 Q($d\232.)5 E 9.72 +($m The)102 440.6 R .718(domain part of the)3.218 F F3 -.1(ge)3.218 G +(thostname).1 E F1 .718(return v)3.218 F 3.219(alue. Under)-.25 F .719 +(normal circumstances,)3.219 F F0($j)3.219 E F1 .719(is equi)3.219 F(v-) +-.25 E(alent to)127 452.6 Q F0($w)2.5 E(.$m)-.7 E F1(.)A 7.5($n\207 The) +102 468.8 R(name of the daemon \(for error messages\).)2.5 E(Def)5 E +(aults to \231MAILER-D)-.1 E(AEMON\232.)-.4 E 7.5($o\207 \(Obsolete:)102 +485 R .651(use OperatorChars option instead.\))3.151 F .651 +(The set of \231operators\232 in addresses.)5.651 F 3.15(Al)5.65 G .65 +(ist of)-3.15 F .581(characters which will be considered tok)127 497 R +.582(ens and which will separate tok)-.1 F .582(ens when doing pars-)-.1 +F 3.278(ing. F)127 509 R .778(or e)-.15 F .778 +(xample, if \231@\232 were in the)-.15 F F0($o)3.278 E F1 .777 +(macro, then the input \231a@b\232 w)3.278 F .777(ould be scanned as)-.1 +F .627(three tok)127 521 R .627(ens: \231a,)-.1 F 3.127<9a99>-.7 G(@,) +-3.127 E 3.127<9a61>-.7 G .627(nd \231b)-3.127 F 4.527 -.7(.\232 D)-.4 H +(ef).7 E .628 +(aults to \231.:@[]\232, which is the minimum set necessary to)-.1 F +.856(do RFC 822 parsing; a richer set of operators is \231.:%@!/[]\232, which adds support for UUCP) +127 533 R(,)-1.11 E(the %-hack, and X.400 addresses.)127 545 Q 12.5 +($p Sendmail')102 561.2 R 2.5(sp)-.55 G(rocess id.)-2.5 E 7.5 +($q\207 Def)102 577.4 R .403(ault format of sender address.)-.1 F(The) +5.403 E F0($q)2.903 E F1 .403(macro speci\214es ho)2.903 F 2.903(wa)-.25 +G 2.904(na)-2.903 G .404(ddress should appear in a)-2.904 F 1.181 +(message when it is def)127 589.4 R 3.681(aulted. Def)-.1 F 1.181 +(aults to \231<$g>\232.)-.1 F 1.18 +(It is commonly rede\214ned to be \231$?x$x)6.181 F(<$g>$|$g$.)127 601.4 +Q 5<9a6f>-.7 G 2.5<7299>-5 G($g$?x \($x\)$.)-2.5 E +(\232, corresponding to the follo)-.7 E(wing tw)-.25 E 2.5(of)-.1 G +(ormats:)-2.5 E(Eric Allman <eric@CS.Berk)167 617.6 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.) +-.15 G(EDU>).65 E(eric@CS.Berk)167 629.6 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G +(EDU \(Eric Allman\)).65 E F3(Sendmail)127 645.8 Q F1 +(properly quotes names that ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.2 H +(pecial characters if the \214rst form is used.).15 E 14.17($r Protocol) +102 662 R .976(used to recei)3.476 F 1.276 -.15(ve t)-.25 H .976 +(he message.).15 F .976(Set from the)5.976 F F0<ad70>3.476 E F1 .977 +(command line \215ag or by the SMTP)3.476 F(serv)127 674 Q(er code.)-.15 +E .32 LW 76 688.4 72 688.4 DL 80 688.4 76 688.4 DL 84 688.4 80 688.4 DL +88 688.4 84 688.4 DL 92 688.4 88 688.4 DL 96 688.4 92 688.4 DL 100 688.4 +96 688.4 DL 104 688.4 100 688.4 DL 108 688.4 104 688.4 DL 112 688.4 108 +688.4 DL 116 688.4 112 688.4 DL 120 688.4 116 688.4 DL 124 688.4 120 +688.4 DL 128 688.4 124 688.4 DL 132 688.4 128 688.4 DL 136 688.4 132 +688.4 DL 140 688.4 136 688.4 DL 144 688.4 140 688.4 DL 148 688.4 144 +688.4 DL 152 688.4 148 688.4 DL 156 688.4 152 688.4 DL 160 688.4 156 +688.4 DL 164 688.4 160 688.4 DL 168 688.4 164 688.4 DL 172 688.4 168 +688.4 DL 176 688.4 172 688.4 DL 180 688.4 176 688.4 DL 184 688.4 180 +688.4 DL 188 688.4 184 688.4 DL 192 688.4 188 688.4 DL 196 688.4 192 +688.4 DL 200 688.4 196 688.4 DL 204 688.4 200 688.4 DL 208 688.4 204 +688.4 DL 212 688.4 208 688.4 DL 216 688.4 212 688.4 DL/F4 5 +/Times-Roman@0 SF(16)93.6 698.8 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(As of v)3.2 I +(ersion 8.6, all of these macros ha)-.12 E .24 -.12(ve r)-.16 H +(easonable def).12 E 2(aults. Pre)-.08 F(vious v)-.2 E +(ersions required that the)-.12 E 2(yb)-.12 G 2(ed)-2 G(e\214ned.)-2 E +EP +%%Page: 35 31 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q +(SMM:08-35)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 13.61($s Sender')102 96 R 2.5 +(sh)-.55 G(ost name.)-2.5 E(Set from the)5 E F0<ad70>2.5 E F1 +(command line \215ag or by the SMTP serv)2.5 E(er code.)-.15 E 14.72 +($t A)102 112.2 R(numeric representation of the current time.)2.5 E 12.5 +($u The)102 128.4 R(recipient user)2.5 E(.)-.55 E 12.5($v The)102 144.6 +R -.15(ve)2.5 G(rsion number of the).15 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF +(sendmail)2.5 E F1(binary)2.5 E(.)-.65 E 5.28($w\210 The)102 160.8 R +(hostname of this site.)2.5 E(This is the root name of this host \(b)5 E +(ut see belo)-.2 E 2.5(wf)-.25 G(or ca)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(ats\).).15 E +12.5($x The)102 177 R(full name of the sender)2.5 E(.)-.55 E 13.06 +($z The)102 193.2 R(home directory of the recipient.)2.5 E 12.5($_ The) +102 209.4 R -.25(va)2.5 G(lidated sender address.).25 E(${bodytype})102 +225.6 Q +(The message body type \(7BIT or 8BITMIME\), as determined from the en) +127 237.6 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G(lope.).15 E(${client_addr})102 253.8 Q +(The IP address of the SMTP client.)127 265.8 Q +(De\214ned in the SMTP serv)5 E(er only)-.15 E(.)-.65 E(${client_name}) +102 282 Q(The host name of the SMTP client.)127 294 Q +(De\214ned in the SMTP serv)5 E(er only)-.15 E(.)-.65 E(${client_port}) +102 310.2 Q(The port number of the SMTP client.)127 322.2 Q +(De\214ned in the SMTP serv)5 E(er only)-.15 E(.)-.65 E(${en)102 338.4 Q +(vid})-.4 E(The en)127 350.4 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G +(lope id passed to sendmail as part of the en).15 E -.15(ve)-.4 G(lope.) +.15 E(${opMode})102 366.6 Q(The current operation mode \(from the)127 +378.6 Q F0<ad62>2.5 E F1(\215ag\).)2.5 E .749 +(There are three types of dates that can be used.)127 394.8 R(The)5.749 +E F0($a)3.249 E F1(and)3.249 E F0($b)3.249 E F1 .749 +(macros are in RFC 822 for)3.249 F(-)-.2 E(mat;)102 406.8 Q F0($a)3.213 +E F1 .713(is the time as e)3.213 F .714 +(xtracted from the \231Date:\232 line of the message \(if there w)-.15 F +.714(as one\), and)-.1 F F0($b)3.214 E F1(is)3.214 E .057 +(the current date and time \(used for postmarks\).)102 418.8 R .056 +(If no \231Date:\232 line is found in the incoming message,)5.057 F F0 +($a)102 430.8 Q F1 .304(is set to the current time also.)2.804 F(The) +5.304 E F0($d)2.804 E F1 .305(macro is equi)2.804 F -.25(va)-.25 G .305 +(lent to the).25 F F0($b)2.805 E F1 .305(macro in UNIX \(ctime\) for) +2.805 F(-)-.2 E(mat.)102 442.8 Q .239(The macros)127 459 R F0($w)2.739 E +F1(,)A F0($j)2.739 E F1 2.739(,a)C(nd)-2.739 E F0($m)2.739 E F1 .238 +(are set to the identity of this host.)2.739 F F2(Sendmail)5.238 E F1 +.238(tries to \214nd the fully)2.738 F .334(quali\214ed name of the host if at all possible; it does this by calling) +102 471 R F2 -.1(ge)2.835 G(thostname).1 E F1 .335 +(\(2\) to get the current)B .457(hostname and then passing that to)102 +483 R F2 -.1(ge)2.957 G(thostbyname).1 E F1 .457 +(\(3\) which is supposed to return the canonical v)B(er)-.15 E(-)-.2 E +.278(sion of that host name.)102 497 R/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(17)-4 I F1 +.278(Assuming this is successful,)2.778 4 N F0($j)2.778 E F1 .279 +(is set to the fully quali\214ed name and)2.778 F F0($m)2.779 E F1(is) +2.779 E .706(set to the domain part of the name \(e)102 509 R -.15(ve) +-.25 G .706(rything after the \214rst dot\).).15 F(The)5.706 E F0($w) +3.206 E F1 .706(macro is set to the \214rst)3.206 F -.1(wo)102 521 S +.358(rd \(e).1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .358 +(rything before the \214rst dot\) if you ha).15 F .658 -.15(ve a l)-.2 H +-2.15 -.25(ev e).15 H 2.858(l5o).25 G 2.858(rh)-2.858 G .359 +(igher con\214guration \214le; otherwise, it)-2.858 F .405 +(is set to the same v)102 533 R .405(alue as)-.25 F F0($j)2.905 E F1 +5.405(.I)C 2.905(ft)-5.405 G .405 +(he canoni\214cation is not successful, it is imperati)-2.905 F .704 +-.15(ve t)-.25 H .404(hat the con\214g).15 F(\214le set)102 547 Q F0($j) +2.5 E F1(to the fully quali\214ed domain name)2.5 E F3(18)-4 I F1(.)4 I +(The)127 563.2 Q F0($f)2.832 E F1 .333(macro is the id of the sender as originally determined; when mailing to a speci\214c host) +2.833 F(the)102 575.2 Q F0($g)3.225 E F1 .725 +(macro is set to the address of the sender)3.225 F F2 -.37(re)3.224 G +.724(lative to the r).37 F(ecipient.)-.37 E F1 -.15(Fo)5.724 G 3.224(re) +.15 G .724(xample, if I send to)-3.374 F(\231bollard@matisse.CS.Berk)102 +587.2 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G .424(EDU\232 from the machine \231v).65 +F(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G .424(EDU\232 the).65 F +F0($f)2.925 E F1(macro)2.925 E(will be \231eric\232 and the)102 599.2 Q +F0($g)2.5 E F1(macro will be \231eric@v)2.5 E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele) +-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU.).65 E<9a>-.7 E(The)127 615.4 Q F0($x)2.563 E +F1 .062(macro is set to the full name of the sender)2.563 F 5.062(.T) +-.55 G .062(his can be determined in se)-5.062 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .062 +(ral w).15 F 2.562(ays. It)-.1 F .629(can be passed as \215ag to)102 +627.4 R F2(sendmail)3.129 E F1 5.629(.I)C 3.129(tc)-5.629 G .629 +(an be de\214ned in the)-3.129 F/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF -.315(NA)3.13 G +(ME).315 E F1(en)3.13 E .63(vironment v)-.4 F 3.13(ariable. The)-.25 F +(third)3.13 E .949(choice is the v)102 639.4 R .949 +(alue of the \231Full-Name:\232 line in the header if it e)-.25 F .948 +(xists, and the fourth choice is the)-.15 F .526 +(comment \214eld of a \231From:\232 line.)102 651.4 R .526 +(If all of these f)5.526 F .526 +(ail, and if the message is being originated locally)-.1 F(,)-.65 E +(the full name is look)102 663.4 Q(ed up in the)-.1 E F2(/etc/passwd)2.5 +E F1(\214le.)2.5 E .32 LW 76 673 72 673 DL 80 673 76 673 DL 84 673 80 +673 DL 88 673 84 673 DL 92 673 88 673 DL 96 673 92 673 DL 100 673 96 673 +DL 104 673 100 673 DL 108 673 104 673 DL 112 673 108 673 DL 116 673 112 +673 DL 120 673 116 673 DL 124 673 120 673 DL 128 673 124 673 DL 132 673 +128 673 DL 136 673 132 673 DL 140 673 136 673 DL 144 673 140 673 DL 148 +673 144 673 DL 152 673 148 673 DL 156 673 152 673 DL 160 673 156 673 DL +164 673 160 673 DL 168 673 164 673 DL 172 673 168 673 DL 176 673 172 673 +DL 180 673 176 673 DL 184 673 180 673 DL 188 673 184 673 DL 192 673 188 +673 DL 196 673 192 673 DL 200 673 196 673 DL 204 673 200 673 DL 208 673 +204 673 DL 212 673 208 673 DL 216 673 212 673 DL/F5 5/Times-Roman@0 SF +(17)93.6 683.4 Q/F6 8/Times-Roman@0 SF -.12(Fo)3.2 K 2(re).12 G +(xample, on some systems)-2.12 E/F7 8/Times-Italic@0 SF -.08(ge)2 G +(thostname).08 E F6(might return \231foo\232 which w)2 E +(ould be mapped to \231foo.bar)-.08 E(.com\232 by)-.44 E F7 -.08(ge)2 G +(thostbyname).08 E F6(.)A F5(18)93.6 697 Q F6(Older v)3.2 I +(ersions of sendmail didn')-.12 E 2(tp)-.144 G(re-de\214ne)-2 E/F8 8 +/Times-Bold@0 SF($j)2 E F6(at all, so up until 8.6, con\214g \214les)2 E +F7(always)2 E F6(had to de\214ne)2 E F8($j)2 E F6(.)A EP +%%Page: 36 32 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-36 Sendmail)72 60 R +(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.321 +(When sending, the)127 96 R F0($h)3.821 E F1(,)A F0($u)3.821 E F1 3.821 +(,a)C(nd)-3.821 E F0($z)3.821 E F1 1.321 +(macros get set to the host, user)3.821 F 3.82(,a)-.4 G 1.32 +(nd home directory \(if)-3.82 F .516(local\) of the recipient.)102 108 R +.516(The \214rst tw)5.516 F 3.016(oa)-.1 G .516(re set from the)-3.016 F +F0($@)3.016 E F1(and)3.016 E F0($:)3.016 E F1 .517(part of the re)3.017 +F .517(writing rules, respec-)-.25 F(ti)102 120 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 +E(.)-.65 E(The)127 136.2 Q F0($p)3.806 E F1(and)3.806 E F0($t)3.806 E F1 +1.306(macros are used to create unique strings \(e.g., for the \231Message-Id:\232 \214eld\).) +3.806 F(The)102 148.2 Q F0($i)3.251 E F1 .751(macro is set to the queue id on this host; if put into the timestamp line it can be e) +3.251 F(xtremely)-.15 E .165(useful for tracking messages.)102 160.2 R +(The)5.165 E F0($v)2.665 E F1 .164(macro is set to be the v)2.665 F .164 +(ersion number of)-.15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.664 E F1 +2.664(;t)C .164(his is nor)-2.664 F(-)-.2 E +(mally put in timestamps and has been pro)102 172.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5 +(ne).15 G(xtremely useful for deb)-2.65 E(ugging.)-.2 E(The)127 188.4 Q +F0($c)3.547 E F1 1.048(\214eld is set to the \231hop count,)3.547 F +3.548<9a69>-.7 G 1.048 +(.e., the number of times this message has been pro-)-3.548 F 2.857 +(cessed. This)102 200.4 R .357(can be determined by the)2.857 F F0<ad68> +2.857 E F1 .356 +(\215ag on the command line or by counting the timestamps)2.857 F +(in the message.)102 212.4 Q(The)127 228.6 Q F0($r)2.832 E F1(and)2.833 +E F0($s)2.833 E F1 .333 +(\214elds are set to the protocol used to communicate with)2.833 F F2 +(sendmail)2.833 E F1 .333(and the send-)2.833 F .195(ing hostname.)102 +240.6 R(The)5.195 E 2.694(yc)-.15 G .194(an be set together using the) +-2.694 F F0<ad70>2.694 E F1 .194 +(command line \215ag or separately using the)2.694 F F0<ad4d>2.694 E F1 +(or)102 252.6 Q F0(\255oM)2.5 E F1(\215ags.)2.5 E(The)127 268.8 Q F0($_) +2.966 E F1 .466(is set to a v)2.966 F .467(alidated sender host name.) +-.25 F .467(If the sender is running an RFC 1413 compli-)5.467 F .385 +(ant IDENT serv)102 280.8 R .384(er and the recei)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G +2.884(rh).15 G .384 +(as the IDENT protocol turned on, it will include the user name)-2.884 F +(on that host.)102 292.8 Q(The)127 309 Q F0(${client_name})5.98 E F1(,)A +F0(${client_addr})5.98 E F1 5.98(,a)C(nd)-5.98 E F0(${client_port})5.98 +E F1 3.48(macros are set to the name,)5.98 F .786 +(address, and port number of the SMTP client who is in)102 321 R -.2(vo) +-.4 G(king).2 E F2(sendmail)3.286 E F1 .786(as a serv)3.286 F(er)-.15 E +5.786(.T)-.55 G .785(hese can be)-5.786 F(used in the)102 333 Q F2 -.15 +(ch)2.5 G(ec).15 E(k_*)-.2 E F1(rulesets \(using the)2.5 E F0($&)2.5 E +F1(deferred e)2.5 E -.25(va)-.25 G(luation form, of course!\).).25 E F0 +2.5(5.3. C)87 357 R(and F \212 De\214ne Classes)2.5 E F1 .659(Classes of phrases may be de\214ned to match on the left hand side of re) +127 373.2 R .66(writing rules, where a)-.25 F .192(\231phrase\232 is a sequence of characters that do not contain space characters.) +102 385.2 R -.15(Fo)5.192 G 2.692(re).15 G .191(xample a class of all) +-2.842 F 1.428(local names for this site might be created so that attempts to send to oneself can be eliminated.) +102 397.2 R .041(These can either be de\214ned directly in the con\214guration \214le or read in from another \214le.) +102 409.2 R .04(Classes are)5.04 F .649(named as a single letter or a w) +102 421.2 R .649(ord in {braces}.)-.1 F .649(Class names be)5.649 F .649 +(ginning with lo)-.15 F .649(wer case letters and)-.25 F .639 +(special characters are reserv)102 433.2 R .639(ed for system use.)-.15 +F .638(Classes de\214ned in con\214g \214les may be gi)5.639 F -.15(ve) +-.25 G 3.138(nn).15 G(ames)-3.138 E 1.05 +(from the set of upper case letters for short names or be)102 445.2 R +1.05(ginning with an upper case letter for long)-.15 F(names.)102 457.2 +Q(The syntax is:)127 473.4 Q F0(C)142 489.6 Q F2 1.666(cp)C(hr)-1.666 E +(ase1 phr)-.15 E(ase2...)-.15 E F0(F)142 501.6 Q F2 1.666<638c>C(le) +-1.666 E F1 .661(The \214rst form de\214nes the class)102 517.8 R F2(c) +3.161 E F1 .661(to match an)3.161 F 3.161(yo)-.15 G 3.161(ft)-3.161 G +.661(he named w)-3.161 F 3.161(ords. It)-.1 F .661 +(is permissible to split them)3.161 F(among multiple lines; for e)102 +529.8 Q(xample, the tw)-.15 E 2.5(of)-.1 G(orms:)-2.5 E +(CHmonet ucbmonet)142 546 Q(and)102 562.2 Q(CHmonet)142 578.4 Q +(CHucbmonet)142 590.4 Q(are equi)102 606.6 Q -.25(va)-.25 G 2.5 +(lent. The).25 F -.74(``)2.5 G(F').74 E 2.5('f)-.74 G +(orm reads the elements of the class)-2.5 E F2(c)2.5 E F1 +(from the named)2.5 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F1(.)A 1.339 +(Elements of classes can be accessed in rules using)127 622.8 R F0($=) +3.839 E F1(or)3.839 E F0($~)3.839 E F1 6.339(.T)C(he)-6.339 E F0($~) +3.839 E F1 1.339(\(match entries not in)3.839 F +(class\) only matches a single w)102 634.8 Q(ord; multi-w)-.1 E +(ord entries in the class are ignored in this conte)-.1 E(xt.)-.15 E +(Some classes ha)127 651 Q .3 -.15(ve i)-.2 H(nternal meaning to).15 E +F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(:)A 18.42($=e contains)102 667.2 R .562 +(the Content-T)3.062 F(ransfer)-.35 E .562(-Encodings that can be 8)-.2 +F/F3 10/Symbol SF<ae>A F1 3.062(7b)C .562(it encoded.)-3.062 F .561 +(It is prede\214ned to)5.561 F +(contain \2317bit\232, \2318bit\232, and \231binary\232.)138 679.2 Q +17.86($=k set)102 695.4 R(to be the same as)2.5 E F0($k)2.5 E F1 2.5(,t) +C(hat is, the UUCP node name.)-2.5 E 15.08($=m set)102 711.6 R +(to the set of domains by which this host is kno)2.5 E +(wn, initially just)-.25 E F0($m)2.5 E F1(.)A EP +%%Page: 37 33 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q +(SMM:08-37)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 17.86($=n can)102 96 R .58 +(be set to the set of MIME body types that can ne)3.08 F -.15(ve)-.25 G +3.081(rb).15 G 3.081(ee)-3.081 G .581(ight to se)-3.081 F -.15(ve)-.25 G +3.081(nb).15 G .581(it encoded.)-3.081 F(It)5.581 E(def)138 108 Q 1.81 +(aults to \231multipart/signed\232.)-.1 F 1.81 +(Message types \231message/*\232 and \231multipart/*\232 are ne)6.81 F +-.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E 1.853(encoded directly)138 120 R 6.853(.M)-.65 G +1.853(ultipart messages are al)-6.853 F -.1(wa)-.1 G 1.853 +(ys handled recursi).1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 6.853(.T)-.65 G 1.853 +(he handling of)-6.853 F(message/* messages are controlled by class)138 +132 Q F0($=s)2.5 E F1(.)A 17.86($=q A)102 148.2 R .712(set of Content-T) +3.212 F .712(ypes that will ne)-.8 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.212(rb).15 G 3.212 +(ee)-3.212 G .712(ncoded as base64 \(if the)-3.212 F 3.212(yh)-.15 G +-2.25 -.2(av e)-3.212 H .711(to be encoded,)3.412 F(the)138 160.2 Q +3.357(yw)-.15 G .858(ill be encoded as quoted-printable\).)-3.357 F .858 +(It can ha)5.858 F 1.158 -.15(ve p)-.2 H .858 +(rimary types \(e.g., \231te).15 F .858(xt\232\) or full)-.15 F +(types \(such as \231te)138 172.2 Q 2.5(xt/plain\232\). The)-.15 F +(class is initialized to ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve \231)-.2 H(te).15 E +(xt/plain\232 only)-.15 E(.)-.65 E 18.97($=s contains)102 188.4 R .648 +(the set of subtypes of message that can be treated recursi)3.148 F -.15 +(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.648(.B)-.65 G 3.148(yd)-5.648 G(ef)-3.148 E .648 +(ault it con-)-.1 F .969(tains only \231rfc822\232.)138 200.4 R .969 +(Other \231message/*\232 types cannot be 8)5.969 F/F2 10/Symbol SF<ae>A +F1 3.469(7b)C .969(it encoded.)-3.469 F .97(If a message)5.97 F 1.045 +(containing eight bit data is sent to a se)138 212.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G +3.545(nb).15 G 1.045(it host, and that message cannot be encoded)-3.545 +F(into se)138 224.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(nb).15 G +(its, it will be stripped to 7 bits.)-2.5 E 20.08($=t set)102 240.6 R +.372(to the set of trusted users by the)2.872 F F0(T)2.872 E F1 .372 +(con\214guration line.)2.872 F .372(If you w)5.372 F .373 +(ant to read trusted users)-.1 F(from a \214le use)138 252.6 Q F0(Ft)2.5 +E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(/\214le/name)A F1(.)A 15.64($=w set)102 268.8 +R .513(to be the set of all names this host is kno)3.013 F .513(wn by) +-.25 F 5.513(.T)-.65 G .513(his can be used to match local host-)-5.513 +F(names.)138 280.8 Q F3(Sendmail)127 297 Q F1 .182 +(can be compiled to allo)2.682 F 2.682(wa)-.25 G F3(scanf)A F1 .182 +(\(3\) string on the)B F0(F)2.682 E F1 2.683(line. This)2.683 F .183 +(lets you do simplistic)2.683 F .555(parsing of te)102 309 R .555 +(xt \214les.)-.15 F -.15(Fo)5.555 G 3.055(re).15 G .554 +(xample, to read all the user names in your system)-3.205 F F3 +(/etc/passwd)3.054 E F1 .554(\214le into a)3.054 F(class, use)102 321 Q +(FL/etc/passwd %[^:])142 337.2 Q(which reads e)102 353.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 +G(ry line up to the \214rst colon.).15 E F0 2.5(5.4. M)87 377.4 R 2.5 +<8a44>2.5 G(e\214ne Mailer)-2.5 E F1(Programs and interf)127 393.6 Q +(aces to mailers are de\214ned in this line.)-.1 E(The format is:)5 E F0 +(M)142 409.8 Q F3(name)A F1 2.5(,{)C F3(\214eld)-2.5 E F1(=)A F3(value)A +F1(}*)1.666 E(where)102 426 Q F3(name)4.244 E F1 1.744(is the name of the mailer \(used internally only\) and the \231\214eld=name\232 pairs de\214ne) +4.244 F(attrib)102 438 Q(utes of the mailer)-.2 E 5(.F)-.55 G +(ields are:)-5 E -.15(Pa)142 454.2 S 51.87(th The).15 F +(pathname of the mailer)2.5 E 47.83(Flags Special)142 466.2 R +(\215ags for this mailer)2.5 E 41.73(Sender Re)142 478.2 R +(writing set\(s\) for sender addresses)-.25 E 31.17(Recipient Re)142 +490.2 R(writing set\(s\) for recipient addresses)-.25 E(Ar)142 502.2 Q +49.13(gv An)-.18 F(ar)2.5 E(gument v)-.18 E +(ector to pass to this mailer)-.15 E 55.61(Eol The)142 514.2 R +(end-of-line string for this mailer)2.5 E 35.62(Maxsize The)142 526.2 R +(maximum message length to this mailer)2.5 E 32.27(Linelimit The)142 +538.2 R(maximum line length in the message body)2.5 E 31.18 +(Directory The)142 550.2 R -.1(wo)2.5 G(rking directory for the mailer) +.1 E 42.84(Userid The)142 562.2 R(def)2.5 E +(ault user and group id to run as)-.1 E 50.62(Nice The)142 574.2 R +(nice\(2\) increment for the mailer)2.5 E 38.95(Charset The)142 586.2 R +(def)2.5 E(ault character set for 8-bit characters)-.1 E -.8(Ty)142 +598.2 S 49.75(pe The).8 F +(MTS type information \(used for error messages\))2.5 E +(Only the \214rst character of the \214eld name is check)102 614.4 Q +(ed.)-.1 E .397(The follo)127 630.6 R .396 +(wing \215ags may be set in the mailer description.)-.25 F(An)5.396 E +2.896(yo)-.15 G .396(ther \215ags may be used freely)-2.896 F .075(to conditionally assign headers to messages destined for particular mailers.) +102 642.6 R .075(Flags mark)5.075 F .075(ed with \207 are)-.1 F 1.193 +(not interpreted by the)102 654.6 R F3(sendmail)3.693 E F1 1.193 +(binary; these are the con)3.693 F -.15(ve)-.4 G 1.192 +(ntionally used to correlate to the \215ags).15 F .737(portion of the) +102 666.6 R F0(H)3.237 E F1 3.237(line. Flags)3.237 F(mark)3.237 E .737 +(ed with \210 apply to the mailers for the sender address rather than) +-.1 F(the usual recipient mailers.)102 678.6 Q 15.56(aR)102 694.8 S .987 +(un Extended SMTP \(ESMTP\) protocol \(de\214ned in RFCs 1651, 1652, and 1653\).) +-15.56 F .986(This \215ag)5.987 F(def)122 706.8 Q +(aults on if the SMTP greeting message includes the w)-.1 E +(ord \231ESMTP\232.)-.1 E EP +%%Page: 38 34 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-38 Sendmail)72 60 R +(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 12.78(AL) +102 96 S .762 +(ook up the user part of the address in the alias database.)-12.78 F +.763(Normally this is only set for local)5.762 F(mailers.)122 108 Q 15 +(bF)102 124.2 S .456(orce a blank line on the end of a message.)-15.15 F +.456(This is intended to w)5.456 F .456(ork around some stupid v)-.1 F +(er)-.15 E(-)-.2 E .361(sions of /bin/mail that require a blank line, b) +122 136.2 R .362(ut do not pro)-.2 F .362(vide it themselv)-.15 F 2.862 +(es. It)-.15 F -.1(wo)2.862 G .362(uld not nor).1 F(-)-.2 E +(mally be used on netw)122 148.2 Q(ork mail.)-.1 E 15.56(cD)102 164.4 S +2.663(on)-15.56 G .163(ot include comments in addresses.)-2.663 F .163 +(This should only be used if you ha)5.163 F .463 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.663 +(ow).15 G .163(ork around a)-2.763 F 1.846 +(remote mailer that gets confused by comments.)122 176.4 R 1.846 +(This strips addresses of the form \231Phrase)6.846 F +(<address>\232 or \231address \(Comment\)\232 do)122 188.4 Q +(wn to just \231address\232.)-.25 E 5.83(C\210 If)102 204.6 R .214 +(mail is)2.714 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.37(re)2.714 G(ceived).37 E F1 +.213(from a mailer with this \215ag set, an)2.713 F 2.713(ya)-.15 G .213 +(ddresses in the header that do not ha)-2.713 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .97 +(an at sign \(\231@\232\) after being re)122 216.6 R .97 +(written by ruleset three will ha)-.25 F 1.27 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .97 +(he \231@domain\232 clause from).15 F(the sender en)122 228.6 Q -.15(ve) +-.4 G(lope address tack).15 E(ed on.)-.1 E(This allo)5 E +(ws mail with headers of the form:)-.25 E(From: usera@hosta)162 244.8 Q +-.8(To)162 256.8 S 2.5(:u).8 G(serb@hostb, userc)-2.5 E(to be re)122 273 +Q(written as:)-.25 E(From: usera@hosta)162 289.2 Q -.8(To)162 301.2 S +2.5(:u).8 G(serb@hostb, userc@hosta)-2.5 E(automatically)122 317.4 Q 5 +(.H)-.65 G -.25(ow)-5 G -2.15 -.25(ev e).25 H .8 -.4(r, i).25 H 2.5(td) +.4 G(oesn')-2.5 E 2.5(tr)-.18 G(eally w)-2.5 E(ork reliably)-.1 E(.)-.65 +E 15(dD)102 333.6 S 2.56(on)-15 G .06(ot include angle brack)-2.56 F .06 +(ets around route-address syntax addresses.)-.1 F .06 +(This is useful on mailers)5.06 F .187(that are going to pass addresses to a shell that might interpret angle brack) +122 345.6 R .188(ets as I/O redirection.)-.1 F 5.28(D\207 This)102 361.8 +R(mailer w)2.5 E(ants a \231Date:\232 header line.)-.1 E 15.56(eT)102 +378 S .174(his mailer is e)-15.56 F(xpensi)-.15 E .474 -.15(ve t)-.25 H +2.674(oc).15 G .173(onnect to, so try to a)-2.674 F -.2(vo)-.2 G .173 +(id connecting normally; an).2 F 2.673(yn)-.15 G .173(ecessary con-) +-2.673 F(nection will occur during a queue run.)122 390 Q 13.89(EE)102 +406.2 S(scape lines be)-13.89 E +(ginning with \231From\232 in the message with a `>' sign.)-.15 E 16.67 +(fT)102 422.4 S .19(he mailer w)-16.67 F .19(ants a)-.1 F F0<ad66>2.69 E +F2(fr)2.69 E(om)-.45 E F1 .19(\215ag, b)2.69 F .19 +(ut only if this is a netw)-.2 F .19(ork forw)-.1 F .19 +(ard operation \(i.e., the mailer)-.1 F(will gi)122 434.4 Q .3 -.15 +(ve a)-.25 H 2.5(ne).15 G(rror if the e)-2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G +(cuting user does not ha).15 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.2 H(pecial permissions\).) +.15 E 6.94(F\207 This)102 450.6 R(mailer w)2.5 E +(ants a \231From:\232 header line.)-.1 E 15(gN)102 466.8 S(ormally)-15 E +(,)-.65 E F2(sendmail)4.893 E F1 2.393(sends internally generated email \(e.g., error messages\) using the null) +4.893 F 1.327(return address as required by RFC 1123.)122 478.8 R(Ho) +6.327 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.127 -.4(r, s).15 H 1.327 +(ome mailers don').4 F 3.827(ta)-.18 G 1.328(ccept a null return)-3.827 +F 3.311(address. If)122 490.8 R(necessary)3.311 E 3.311(,y)-.65 G .811 +(ou can set the)-3.311 F F0(g)3.311 E F1 .811(\215ag to pre)3.311 F -.15 +(ve)-.25 G(nt).15 E F2(sendmail)3.31 E F1 .81(from obe)3.31 F .81 +(ying the standards;)-.15 F 1.57 +(error messages will be sent as from the MAILER-D)122 502.8 R 1.57 +(AEMON \(actually)-.4 F 4.07(,t)-.65 G 1.57(he v)-4.07 F 1.57 +(alue of the)-.25 F F0($n)4.07 E F1(macro\).)122 514.8 Q 15(hU)102 531 S +(pper case should be preserv)-15 E(ed in host names for this mailer)-.15 +E(.)-.55 E 17.22(iD)102 547.2 S 2.5(oU)-17.22 G(ser Database re)-2.5 E +(writing on en)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.4 G(lope sender address.).15 E 16.67(IT) +102 563.4 S .475(his mailer will be speaking SMTP to another)-16.67 F F2 +(sendmail)2.974 E F1 2.974<8a61>2.974 G 2.974(ss)-2.974 G .474 +(uch it can use special protocol)-2.974 F 3.632(features. This)122 575.4 +R 1.133(option is not required \(i.e., if this option is omitted the transmission will still) +3.632 F(operate successfully)122 587.4 Q 2.5(,a)-.65 G +(lthough perhaps not as ef)-2.5 E(\214ciently as possible\).)-.25 E +17.22(jD)102 603.6 S 2.5(oU)-17.22 G(ser Database re)-2.5 E +(writing on recipients as well as senders.)-.25 E 15(kN)102 619.8 S 1.03 +(ormally when)-15 F F2(sendmail)3.53 E F1 1.03 +(connects to a host via SMTP)3.53 F 3.529(,i)-1.11 G 3.529(tc)-3.529 G +1.029(hecks to mak)-3.529 F 3.529(es)-.1 G 1.029(ure that this isn') +-3.529 F(t)-.18 E .562(accidently the same host name as might happen if) +122 631.8 R F2(sendmail)3.062 E F1 .562 +(is miscon\214gured or if a long-haul)3.062 F(netw)122 643.8 Q 1.074 +(ork interf)-.1 F 1.074(ace is set in loopback mode.)-.1 F 1.073 +(This \215ag disables the loopback check.)6.074 F 1.073(It should)6.073 +F(only be used under v)122 655.8 Q(ery unusual circumstances.)-.15 E +12.78(KC)102 672 S(urrently unimplemented.)-12.78 E(Reserv)5 E +(ed for chunking.)-.15 E 17.22(lT)102 688.2 S +(his mailer is local \(i.e., \214nal deli)-17.22 E -.15(ve)-.25 G +(ry will be performed\).).15 E 13.89(LL)102 704.4 S .819 +(imit the line lengths as speci\214ed in RFC821.)-13.89 F .82 +(This deprecated option should be replaced by)5.819 F(the)122 716.4 Q F0 +(L=)2.5 E F1(mail declaration.)2.5 E -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(rh).15 G +(istoric reasons, the)-2.5 E F0(L)2.5 E F1(\215ag also sets the)2.5 E F0 +(7)2.5 E F1(\215ag.)2.5 E EP +%%Page: 39 35 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q +(SMM:08-39)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 12.22(mT)102 96 S .464(his mailer can send to multiple users on the same host in one transaction.) +-12.22 F .463(When a)5.463 F F0($u)2.963 E F1(macro)2.963 E .731 +(occurs in the)122 108 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)3.231 E(gv)-.37 E F1 +.732(part of the mailer de\214nition, that \214eld will be repeated as necessary for all) +3.231 F(qualifying users.)122 120 Q 3.61(M\207 This)102 136.2 R +(mailer w)2.5 E(ants a \231Message-Id:\232 header line.)-.1 E 15(nD)102 +152.4 S 2.5(on)-15 G +(ot insert a UNIX-style \231From\232 line on the front of the message.) +-2.5 E 15(oA)102 168.6 S -.1(lwa)-15 G .816(ys run as the o).1 F .816 +(wner of the recipient mailbox.)-.25 F(Normally)5.816 E F2(sendmail) +3.316 E F1 .816(runs as the sender for)3.316 F .198 +(locally generated mail or as \231daemon\232 \(actually)122 180.6 R +2.698(,t)-.65 G .198(he user speci\214ed in the)-2.698 F F0(u)2.698 E F1 +.198(option\) when deli)2.698 F(v-)-.25 E .981(ering netw)122 192.6 R +.981(ork mail.)-.1 F .981(The normal beha)5.981 F .981 +(viour is required by most local mailers, which will not)-.2 F(allo)122 +204.6 Q 2.52(wt)-.25 G .02(he en)-2.52 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .021 +(lope sender address to be set unless the mailer is running as daemon.) +.15 F .021(This \215ag is)5.021 F(ignored if the)122 216.6 Q F0(S)2.5 E +F1(\215ag is set.)2.5 E 15(pU)102 232.8 S .498 +(se the route-addr style re)-15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .498 +(rse-path in the SMTP \231MAIL FR).15 F .497 +(OM:\232 command rather than just)-.4 F .385(the return address; although this is required in RFC821 section 3.1, man) +122 244.8 R 2.886(yh)-.15 G .386(osts do not process)-2.886 F(re)122 +256.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(rse-paths properly).15 E 5(.R)-.65 G -2.15 -.25 +(ev e)-5 H(rse-paths are of).25 E(\214cially discouraged by RFC 1123.) +-.25 E 6.94(P\207 This)102 273 R(mailer w)2.5 E(ants a \231Return-P)-.1 +E(ath:\232 line.)-.15 E 15(qW)102 289.2 S .069 +(hen an address that resolv)-15 F .069(es to this mailer is v)-.15 F +.068(eri\214ed \(SMTP VRFY command\), generate 250)-.15 F +(responses instead of 252 responses.)122 301.2 Q +(This will imply that the address is local.)5 E 16.67(rS)102 317.4 S +(ame as)-16.67 E F0(f)2.5 E F1 2.5(,b)C(ut sends a)-2.7 E F0<ad72>2.5 E +F1(\215ag.)2.5 E 13.33(RO)102 333.6 S .669 +(pen SMTP connections from a \231secure\232 port.)-13.33 F .669 +(Secure ports aren')5.669 F 3.169(t\()-.18 G .67(secure, that is\) e) +-3.169 F .67(xcept on)-.15 F +(UNIX machines, so it is unclear that this adds an)122 345.6 Q(ything.) +-.15 E 16.11(sS)102 361.8 S(trip quote characters \(" and \\\) of)-16.11 +E 2.5(fo)-.25 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he address before calling the mailer)-2.5 +E(.)-.55 E 14.44(SD)102 378 S(on')-14.44 E 3.332(tr)-.18 G .832 +(eset the userid before calling the mailer)-3.332 F 5.831(.T)-.55 G .831 +(his w)-5.831 F .831(ould be used in a secure en)-.1 F(vironment)-.4 E +(where)122 390 Q F2(sendmail)3.317 E F1 .817(ran as root.)3.317 F .817 +(This could be used to a)5.817 F -.2(vo)-.2 G .817(id for).2 F .817 +(ged addresses.)-.18 F .817(If the)5.817 F F0(U=)3.317 E F1 .818 +(\214eld is)3.317 F .974 +(also speci\214ed, this \215ag causes the user id to al)122 402 R -.1 +(wa)-.1 G .974(ys be set to that user and group \(instead of).1 F(lea) +122 414 Q(ving it as root\).)-.2 E 15(uU)102 430.2 S +(pper case should be preserv)-15 E(ed in user names for this mailer)-.15 +E(.)-.55 E 12.78(UT)102 446.4 S(his mailer w)-12.78 E(ants UUCP-style \231From\232 lines with the ugly \231remote from <host>\232 on the end.) +-.1 E 12.78(wT)102 462.6 S .565(he user must ha)-12.78 F .865 -.15 +(ve a v)-.2 H .566 +(alid account on this machine, i.e., getpwnam must succeed.)-.1 F .566 +(If not, the)5.566 F(mail is bounced.)122 474.6 Q +(This is required to get \231.forw)5 E(ard\232 capability)-.1 E(.)-.65 E +7.5(x\207 This)102 490.8 R(mailer w)2.5 E +(ants a \231Full-Name:\232 header line.)-.1 E 12.78(XT)102 507 S .972 +(his mailer w)-12.78 F .972(ant to use the hidden dot algorithm as speci\214ed in RFC821; basically) +-.1 F 3.472(,a)-.65 G 1.272 -.15(ny l)-3.472 H(ine).15 E(be)122 519 Q +.796(ginning with a dot will ha)-.15 F 1.096 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 3.296(ne) +.15 G .797(xtra dot prepended \(to be stripped at the other end\).) +-3.446 F(This)5.797 E(insures that lines in the message containing a dot will not terminate the message prematurely) +122 531 Q(.)-.65 E 15(0D)102 547.2 S(on')-15 E 2.5(tl)-.18 G +(ook up MX records for hosts sent via SMTP)-2.5 E(.)-1.11 E 15(3E)102 +563.4 S .002(xtend the list of characters con)-15 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .001 +(rted to =XX notation when con).15 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .001 +(rting to Quoted-Printable to).15 F .977(include those that don')122 +575.4 R 3.478(tm)-.18 G .978(ap cleanly between ASCII and EBCDIC.)-3.478 +F .978(Useful if you ha)5.978 F 1.278 -.15(ve I)-.2 H(BM).15 E +(mainframes on site.)122 587.4 Q 15(5I)102 603.6 S 2.717(fn)-15 G 2.717 +(oa)-2.717 G .217(liases are found for this address, pass the address through ruleset 5 for possible alternate) +-2.717 F 2.5(resolution. This)122 615.6 R(is intended to forw)2.5 E +(ard the mail to an alternate deli)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry spot.).15 E +15(7S)102 631.8 S 1.14(trip all output to se)-15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.64 +(nb).15 G 3.64(its. This)-3.64 F 1.14(is the def)3.64 F 1.141 +(ault if the)-.1 F F0(L)3.641 E F1 1.141(\215ag is set.)3.641 F 1.141 +(Note that clearing this)6.141 F .295(option is not suf)122 643.8 R .295 +(\214cient to get full eight bit data passed through)-.25 F F2(sendmail) +2.795 E F1 5.295(.I)C 2.795(ft)-5.295 G(he)-2.795 E F0(7)2.795 E F1 .295 +(option is set,)2.795 F .716(this is essentially al)122 655.8 R -.1(wa) +-.1 G .717(ys set, since the eighth bit w).1 F .717 +(as stripped on input.)-.1 F .717(Note that this option)5.717 F +(will only impact messages that didn')122 667.8 Q 2.5(th)-.18 G -2.25 +-.2(av e)-2.5 H(8)2.7 E/F3 10/Symbol SF<ae>A F1 2.5(7b)C(it MIME con) +-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.4 G(rsions performed.).15 E 15(8I)102 684 S 3.783(fs) +-15 G 1.283(et, it is acceptable to send eight bit data to this mailer; the usual attempt to do 8) +-3.783 F F3<ae>A F1 3.782(7b)C(it)-3.782 E(MIME con)122 696 Q -.15(ve) +-.4 G(rsions will be bypassed.).15 E 15(9I)102 712.2 S 2.704(fs)-15 G +.204(et, do)-2.704 F F2(limited)2.704 E F1(7)2.704 E F3<ae>A F1 2.704 +(8b)C .204(it MIME con)-2.704 F -.15(ve)-.4 G 2.704(rsions. These).15 F +(con)2.704 E -.15(ve)-.4 G .205(rsions are limited to te).15 F .205 +(xt/plain data.)-.15 F EP +%%Page: 40 36 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-40 Sendmail)72 60 R +(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 17.22(:C) +102 96 S .982(heck addresses to see if the)-17.22 F 3.482(yb)-.15 G -.15 +(eg)-3.482 G .982(in \231:include:\232; if the).15 F 3.482(yd)-.15 G +.982(o, con)-3.482 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .982 +(rt them to the \231*include*\232).15 F(mailer)122 108 Q(.)-.55 E 18(|C) +102 124.2 S(heck addresses to see if the)-18 E 2.5(yb)-.15 G -.15(eg) +-2.5 G(in with a `|'; if the).15 E 2.5(yd)-.15 G(o, con)-2.5 E -.15(ve) +-.4 G(rt them to the \231prog\232 mailer).15 E(.)-.55 E 17.22(/C)102 +140.4 S(heck addresses to see if the)-17.22 E 2.5(yb)-.15 G -.15(eg)-2.5 +G(in with a `/'; if the).15 E 2.5(yd)-.15 G(o, con)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.4 G +(rt them to the \231*\214le*\232 mailer).15 E(.)-.55 E 10.79(@L)102 +156.6 S(ook up addresses in the user database.)-10.79 E .267 +(Con\214guration \214les prior to le)127 172.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.768 +(l6a).15 G .268(ssume the `)-2.768 F -1.11(A')-.8 G 2.768(,`)1.11 G .268 +(w', `5', `:', `|', `/', and `@' options on the)-2.768 F +(mailer named \231local\232.)102 184.8 Q .306(The mailer with the special name \231error\232 can be used to generate a user error) +127 201 R 5.305(.T)-.55 G .305(he \(optional\))-5.305 F .323 +(host \214eld is an e)102 213 R .323(xit status to be returned, and the user \214eld is a message to be printed.) +-.15 F .324(The e)5.324 F .324(xit sta-)-.15 F .891 +(tus may be numeric or one of the v)102 225 R .891(alues USA)-.25 F .891 +(GE, NOUSER, NOHOST)-.4 F 3.39(,U)-.74 G -.35(NA)-3.39 G -1.35(VA)-1 G +.89(ILABLE, SOFT)1.35 F(-)-.92 E -1.2(WA)102 237 S 1.141(RE, TEMPF)1.2 F +1.141(AIL, PR)-.74 F -1.88 -.4(OT O)-.4 H 1.141 +(COL, or CONFIG to return the corresponding EX_ e).4 F 1.142 +(xit code, or an)-.15 F .288 +(enhanced error code as described in RFC 1893,)102 249 R/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF .288(Enhanced Mail System Status Codes.)2.788 F F1 +-.15(Fo)5.287 G 2.787(re).15 G(xample,)-2.937 E(the entry:)102 261 Q +($#error $@ NOHOST $: Host unkno)142 277.2 Q(wn in this domain)-.25 E +.145(on the RHS of a rule will cause the speci\214ed error to be generated and the \231Host unkno) +102 293.4 R .146(wn\232 e)-.25 F .146(xit sta-)-.15 F .491 +(tus to be returned if the LHS matches.)102 305.4 R .491 +(This mailer is only functional in rulesets 0, 5, or one of the)5.491 F +(check_* rulesets.)102 317.4 Q .468(The mailer named \231local\232)127 +333.6 R F2(must)2.968 E F1 .468(be de\214ned in e)2.968 F -.15(ve)-.25 G +.468(ry con\214guration \214le.).15 F .468(This is used to deli)5.468 F +-.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E .25(local mail, and is treated specially in se) +102 345.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .25(ral w).15 F 2.75(ays. Additionally)-.1 F +2.75(,t)-.65 G .25(hree other mailers named \231prog\232,)-2.75 F .942(\231*\214le*\232, and \231*include*\232 may be de\214ned to tune the deli) +102 357.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .942 +(ry of messages to programs, \214les, and).15 F +(:include: lists respecti)102 369.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5(.T)-.65 +G(he)-5 E 2.5(yd)-.15 G(ef)-2.5 E(ault to:)-.1 E +(Mprog, P=/bin/sh, F=lsD, A=sh \255c $u)142 385.8 Q(M*\214le*, P=/de)142 +397.8 Q(v/null, F=lsDFMPEu, A=FILE)-.25 E(M*include*, P=/de)142 409.8 Q +(v/null, F=su, A=INCLUDE)-.25 E .616(The Sender and Recipient re)127 +430.2 R .615 +(writing sets may either be a simple ruleset id or may be tw)-.25 F +3.115(oi)-.1 G(ds)-3.115 E .575 +(separated by a slash; if so, the \214rst re)102 442.2 R .576 +(writing set is applied to en)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .576 +(lope addresses and the second is).15 F(applied to headers.)102 454.2 Q +.197 +(The Directory is actually a colon-separated path of directories to try) +127 470.4 R 5.196(.F)-.65 G .196(or e)-5.346 F .196 +(xample, the de\214ni-)-.15 F .104 +(tion \231D=$z:/\232 \214rst tries to e)102 482.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .104 +(cute in the recipient').15 F 2.604(sh)-.55 G .104 +(ome directory; if that is not a)-2.604 F -.25(va)-.2 G .104 +(ilable, it tries to).25 F -.15(exe)102 494.4 S .816 +(cute in the root of the \214lesystem.).15 F .816 +(This is intended to be used only on the \231prog\232 mailer)5.816 F +3.316(,s)-.4 G(ince)-3.316 E .367(some shells \(such as)102 506.4 R F2 +(csh)2.867 E F1 2.867(\)r)C .367(efuse to e)-2.867 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .368 +(cute if the).15 F 2.868(yc)-.15 G .368(annot read the home directory) +-2.868 F 5.368(.S)-.65 G .368(ince the queue)-5.368 F +(directory is not normally readable by unpri)102 518.4 Q(vile)-.25 E +(ged users)-.15 E F2(csh)2.5 E F1(scripts as recipients can f)2.5 E +(ail.)-.1 E 1.863(The Userid speci\214es the def)127 534.6 R 1.863 +(ault user and group id to run as, o)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.862 +(rriding the).15 F F0(DefaultUser)4.362 E F1 .286(option \(q.v)102 546.6 +R 2.786(.\). If)-.65 F(the)2.786 E F0(S)2.786 E F1 .287(mailer \215ag is also speci\214ed, this is the user and group to run as in all circum-) +2.786 F 2.588(stances. This)102 558.6 R .088(may be gi)2.588 F -.15(ve) +-.25 G 2.588(na).15 G(s)-2.588 E F2(user:gr)2.588 E(oup)-.45 E F1 .088 +(to set both the user and group id; either may be an inte)2.588 F(ger) +-.15 E .541(or a symbolic name to be look)102 570.6 R .541(ed up in the) +-.1 F F2(passwd)3.041 E F1(and)3.041 E F2(gr)3.041 E(oup)-.45 E F1 .541 +(\214les respecti)3.041 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.541(.I)-.65 G 3.041 +(fo)-5.541 G .542(nly a symbolic)-3.041 F +(user name is speci\214ed, the group id in the)102 582.6 Q F2(passwd)2.5 +E F1(\214le for that user is used as the group id.)2.5 E .545 +(The Charset \214eld is used when con)127 598.8 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .545 +(rting a message to MIME; this is the character set used).15 F .465 +(in the Content-T)102 610.8 R .465(ype: header)-.8 F 5.465(.I)-.55 G +2.965(ft)-5.465 G .465(his is not set, the)-2.965 F F0(DefaultCharset) +2.966 E F1 .466(option is used, and if that is not)2.966 F .258 +(set, the v)102 622.8 R .258(alue \231unkno)-.25 F .258 +(wn-8bit\232 is used.)-.25 F F0 -1.2(WA)5.257 G(RNING:)1.2 E F1 .257 +(this \214eld applies to the sender')2.757 F 2.757(sm)-.55 G(ailer) +-2.757 E 2.757(,n)-.4 G .257(ot the)-2.757 F(recipient')102 634.8 Q +2.701(sm)-.55 G(ailer)-2.701 E 5.201(.F)-.55 G .201(or e)-5.351 F .201 +(xample, if the en)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .202 +(lope sender address lists an address on the local netw).15 F(ork)-.1 E +.48(and the recipient is on an e)102 646.8 R .48(xternal netw)-.15 F .48 +(ork, the character set will be set from the Charset= \214eld for)-.1 F +(the local netw)102 658.8 Q(ork mailer)-.1 E 2.5(,n)-.4 G +(ot that of the e)-2.5 E(xternal netw)-.15 E(ork mailer)-.1 E(.)-.55 E +.794(The T)127 675 R .795(ype= \214eld sets the type information used in MIME error messages as de\214ned by RFC) +-.8 F 2.805(1894. It)102 687 R .305(is actually three v)2.805 F .305 +(alues separated by slashes: the MT)-.25 F .305 +(A-type \(that is, the description of ho)-.93 F(w)-.25 E .083(hosts are named\), the address type \(the description of e-mail addresses\), and the diagnostic type \(the) +102 699 R .143(description of error diagnostic codes\).)102 711 R .143 +(Each of these must be a re)5.143 F .142(gistered v)-.15 F .142 +(alue or be)-.25 F .142(gin with \231X\255\232.)-.15 F(The def)102 723 Q +(ault is \231dns/rfc822/smtp\232.)-.1 E EP +%%Page: 41 37 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q +(SMM:08-41)195.86 E 2.5(5.5. H)87 96 R 2.5<8a44>2.5 G(e\214ne Header) +-2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.135(The format of the header lines that) +127 112.2 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.636 E F1 1.136 +(inserts into the message are de\214ned by the)3.636 F F0(H)3.636 E F1 +2.5(line. The)102 124.2 R(syntax of this line is:)2.5 E F0(H)142 140.4 Q +F1([)A F0(?)A F2(m\215a)A(gs)-.1 E F0(?)A F1(])A F2(hname)A F0(:)A F2 +(htemplate)2.5 E F1 1.058(Continuation lines in this spec are re\215ected directly into the outgoing message.) +102 156.6 R(The)6.058 E F2(htemplate)3.557 E F1(is)3.557 E 1.097 +(macro e)102 168.6 R 1.097(xpanded before insertion into the message.) +-.15 F 1.098(If the)6.098 F F2(m\215a)3.598 E(gs)-.1 E F1 1.098 +(\(surrounded by question marks\))3.598 F .161(are speci\214ed, at least one of the speci\214ed \215ags must be stated in the mailer de\214nition for this header) +102 180.6 R .191(to be automatically output.)102 192.6 R .192(If one of these headers is in the input it is re\215ected to the output re) +5.191 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(rd-).05 E(less of these \215ags.)102 204.6 Q +(Some headers ha)127 220.8 Q .3 -.15(ve s)-.2 H +(pecial semantics that will be described later).15 E(.)-.55 E F0 2.5 +(5.6. O)87 244.8 R 2.5<8a53>2.5 G(et Option)-2.5 E F1 .963(There are a number of global options that can be set from a con\214guration \214le.) +127 261 R .962(Options are)5.962 F .86(represented by full w)102 273 R +.86(ords; some are also representable as single characters for back compatibility) +-.1 F(.)-.65 E(The syntax of this line is:)102 285 Q F0(O)142 301.2 Q F2 +(option)7.5 E F0(=)A F2(value)A F1 .563(This sets option)102 317.4 R F2 +(option)3.062 E F1 .562(to be)3.062 F F2(value)3.062 E F1 5.562(.N)C +.562(ote that there)-5.562 F F2(must)3.062 E F1 .562 +(be a space between the letter `O' and the)3.062 F(name of the option.) +102 329.4 Q(An older v)5 E(ersion is:)-.15 E F0(O)142 345.6 Q F2 1.666 +(ov)C(alue)-1.666 E F1 .13(where the option)102 361.8 R F2(o)2.63 E F1 +.13(is a single character)2.63 F 5.13(.D)-.55 G .13 +(epending on the option,)-5.13 F F2(value)2.63 E F1 .13 +(may be a string, an inte)2.63 F(ger)-.15 E(,)-.4 E 2.5(ab)102 373.8 S +(oolean \(with le)-2.5 E -.05(ga)-.15 G 2.5(lv).05 G +(alues \231t\232, \231T\232, \231f\232, or \231F\232; the def)-2.75 E +(ault is TR)-.1 E(UE\), or a time interv)-.4 E(al.)-.25 E +(The options supported \(with the old, one character names in brack)127 +390 Q(ets\) are:)-.1 E(AliasFile=)102 406.2 Q F2(spec, spec, ...)A F1 +.44([A] Specify possible alias \214le\(s\).)174 418.2 R(Each)5.439 E F2 +(spec)2.939 E F1 .439(should be in the format `)2.939 F(`)-.74 E F2 +(class)A F0(:)A F2(\214le)2.939 E F1 -.74('')C(where)174 430.2 Q F2 +(class)3.099 E F0(:)A F1 .599(is optional and def)3.099 F .599 +(aults to `)-.1 F(`implicit')-.74 E 3.099('. Depending)-.74 F .599 +(on ho)3.099 F(w)-.25 E F2(sendmail)3.1 E F1 .187(is compiled, v)174 +442.2 R .187(alid classes are \231implicit\232 \(search through a compiled-in list of alias) +-.25 F 2.055(\214le types, for back compatibility\), \231hash\232 \(if) +174 454.2 R/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(NEWDB)4.555 E F1 2.055 +(is speci\214ed\), \231dbm\232 \(if)4.555 F F3(NDBM)174 466.2 Q F1 1.588 +(is speci\214ed\), \231stab\232 \(internal symbol table \212 not normally used unless) +4.089 F .074(you ha)174 478.2 R .374 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.574(oo).15 G .074 +(ther database lookup\), or \231nis\232 \(if)-2.574 F F3(NIS)2.574 E F1 +.075(is speci\214ed\).)2.575 F .075(If a list of)5.075 F F2(spec)2.575 E +F1(s)A(are pro)174 490.2 Q(vided,)-.15 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1 +(searches them in order)2.5 E(.)-.55 E(AliasW)102 506.4 Q(ait=)-.8 E F2 +(timeout)A F1 .141([a] If set, w)174 518.4 R .141(ait up to)-.1 F F2 +(timeout)2.641 E F1 .141(\(units def)2.641 F .14 +(ault to minutes\) for an \231@:@\232 entry to e)-.1 F(xist)-.15 E .517 +(in the alias database before starting up.)174 530.4 R .517 +(If it does not appear in the)5.517 F F2(timeout)3.018 E F1(inter)3.018 +E(-)-.2 E -.25(va)174 542.4 S 3.21(lr).25 G(eb)-3.21 E .71 +(uild the database \(if the)-.2 F F0 -.5(Au)3.21 G(toReb).5 E +(uildAliases)-.2 E F1 .71(option is also set\) or issue a)3.21 F -.1(wa) +174 554.4 S(rning.).1 E(Allo)102 570.6 Q(wBogusHELO)-.25 E 1.104 +([no short name] If set, allo)174 582.6 R 3.604(wH)-.25 G 1.104 +(ELO SMTP commands that don')-3.604 F 3.604(ti)-.18 G 1.104 +(nclude a host)-3.604 F 2.882(name. Setting)174 594.6 R .382 +(this violates RFC 1123 section 5.2.5, b)2.882 F .381 +(ut is necessary to interoper)-.2 F(-)-.2 E .06(ate with se)174 606.6 R +-.15(ve)-.25 G .06(ral SMTP clients.).15 F .061(If there is a v)5.06 F +.061(alue, it is still check)-.25 F .061(ed for le)-.1 F(gitimac)-.15 E +-.65(y.)-.15 G(AutoReb)102 622.8 Q(uildAliases)-.2 E .128 +([D] If set, reb)174 634.8 R .128 +(uild the alias database if necessary and possible.)-.2 F .128 +(If this option is not)5.128 F(set,)174 646.8 Q F2(sendmail)4.885 E F1 +2.385(will ne)4.885 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.885(rr).15 G(eb)-4.885 E 2.385 +(uild the alias database unless e)-.2 F 2.385(xplicitly requested)-.15 F +(using)174 658.8 Q F0(\255bi)2.5 E F1 5(.N)C +(ot recommended \212 can cause thrashing.)-5 E(BlankSub=)102 675 Q F2(c) +A F1 1.255([B] Set the blank substitution character to)22.47 F F2(c) +3.755 E F1 6.255(.U)C 1.255(nquoted spaces in addresses are)-6.255 F +(replaced by this character)174 687 Q 5(.D)-.55 G(ef)-5 E +(aults to space \(i.e., no change is made\).)-.1 E 14.51 +(CheckAliases [n])102 703.2 R -1.11(Va)2.5 G +(lidate the RHS of aliases when reb)1.11 E(uilding the alias database.) +-.2 E EP +%%Page: 42 38 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-42 Sendmail)72 60 R +(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF +(CheckpointInterv)102 96 Q(al=)-.25 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(N)A F1 +1.296([C] Checkpoints the queue e)174 108 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E F2 +(N)3.797 E F1(\(def)3.797 E 1.297(ault 10\) addresses sent.)-.1 F 1.297 +(If your system)6.297 F .747(crashes during deli)174 120 R -.15(ve)-.25 +G .746(ry to a lar).15 F .746(ge list, this pre)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G +.746(nts retransmission to an).15 F 3.246(yb)-.15 G .746(ut the)-3.446 F +(last recipients.)174 132 Q(ClassF)102 148.2 Q(actor=)-.15 E F2(fact)A +F1 1.624([z] The indicated)4.29 F F2(fact)4.124 E F1 1.624 +(or is multiplied by the message class \(determined by the)B .719 +(Precedence: \214eld in the user header and the)174 160.2 R F0(P)3.219 E +F1 .718(lines in the con\214guration \214le\) and)3.218 F 2.637 +(subtracted from the priority)174 172.2 R 7.637(.T)-.65 G 2.637 +(hus, messages with a higher Priority: will be)-7.637 F -.1(fa)174 184.2 +S -.2(vo)-.1 G 2.5(red. Def).2 F(aults to 1800.)-.1 E 3.95 +(ColonOkInAddr [no)102 200.4 R 4.679 +(short name] If set, colons are acceptable in e-mail addresses \(e.g.,) +7.18 F 3.54(\231host:user\232\). If)174 212.4 R 1.04 +(not set, colons indicate the be)3.54 F 1.04 +(ginning of a RFC 822 group con-)-.15 F 1.988 +(struct \(\231groupname: member1, member2, ... memberN;\232\).)174 224.4 +R 1.987(Doubled colons are)6.987 F(al)174 236.4 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G 2.215(ys acceptable \(\231nodename::user\232\) and proper route-addr nesting is under) +.1 F(-)-.2 E 1.037(stood \(\231<@relay:user@host>\232\).)174 248.4 R +1.037(Furthermore, this option def)6.037 F 1.036(aults on if the con-) +-.1 F .853(\214guration v)174 260.4 R .853(ersion le)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 +G 3.353(li).15 G 3.353(sl)-3.353 G .853 +(ess than 6 \(for back compatibility\).)-3.353 F(Ho)5.854 E(we)-.25 E +-.15(ve)-.25 G 1.654 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.354(tm).4 G(ust)-3.354 E(be of)174 +272.4 Q 2.5(ff)-.25 G(or full compatibility with RFC 822.)-2.5 E +(ConnectionCacheSize=)102 288.6 Q F2(N)A F1 .242([k] The maximum number of open connections that will be cached at a time.) +174 300.6 R(The)5.242 E(def)174 312.6 Q .385(ault is one.)-.1 F .386 +(This delays closing the current connection until either this in)5.386 F +-.2(vo)-.4 G(ca-).2 E 1.192(tion of)174 324.6 R F2(sendmail)3.692 E F1 +1.191(needs to connect to another host or it terminates.)3.692 F 1.191 +(Setting it to)6.191 F 2.046(zero def)174 336.6 R 2.046 +(aults to the old beha)-.1 F(vior)-.2 E 4.546(,t)-.4 G 2.047 +(hat is, connections are closed immediately)-4.546 F(.)-.65 E .266(Since this consumes \214le descriptors, the connection cache should be k) +174 348.6 R .265(ept small: 4)-.1 F(is probably a practical maximum.)174 +360.6 Q(ConnectionCacheT)102 376.8 Q(imeout=)-.35 E F2(timeout)A F1 .708 +([K] The maximum amount of time a cached connection will be permitted to idle) +174 388.8 R 1.083(without acti)174 400.8 R(vity)-.25 E 6.083(.I)-.65 G +3.583(ft)-6.083 G 1.083(his time is e)-3.583 F 1.082 +(xceeded, the connection is immediately closed.)-.15 F .417(This v)174 +412.8 R .418(alue should be small \(on the order of ten minutes\).)-.25 +F(Before)5.418 E F2(sendmail)2.918 E F1 .418(uses a)2.918 F .508 +(cached connection, it al)174 424.8 R -.1(wa)-.1 G .507 +(ys sends a RSET command to check the connection; if).1 F .401(this f) +174 436.8 R .401(ails, it reopens the connection.)-.1 F .401(This k) +5.401 F .402(eeps your end from f)-.1 F .402(ailing if the other)-.1 F +1.545(end times out.)174 448.8 R 1.545 +(The point of this option is to be a good netw)6.545 F 1.544 +(ork neighbor and)-.1 F -.2(avo)174 460.8 S(id using up e).2 E(xcessi) +-.15 E .3 -.15(ve r)-.25 H(esources on the other end.).15 E(The def)5 E +(ault is \214v)-.1 E 2.5(em)-.15 G(inutes.)-2.5 E +(ConnectionRateThrottle=)102 477 Q F2(N)A F1 .21 +([no short name] If set to a positi)174 489 R .511 -.15(ve v)-.25 H .211 +(alue, allo)-.1 F 2.711(wn)-.25 G 2.711(om)-2.711 G .211(ore than)-2.711 +F F2(N)2.711 E F1 .211(incoming daemon)2.711 F 1.776 +(connections in a one second period.)174 501 R 1.776 +(This is intended to \215atten out peaks and)6.776 F(allo)174 513 Q 2.5 +(wt)-.25 G(he load a)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(rage checking to cut in.).15 E +(Def)5 E(aults to zero \(no limits\).)-.1 E(DaemonPortOptions=)102 529.2 +Q F2(options)A F1([O] Set serv)174 541.2 Q(er SMTP options.)-.15 E +(The options are)5 E F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(y=value)-.2 E F1 2.5(pairs. Kno)2.5 +F(wn k)-.25 E -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.5(sa).15 G(re:)-2.5 E 52.83 +(Port Name/number)214 557.4 R(of listening port \(def)2.5 E +(aults to "smtp"\))-.1 E 48.95(Addr Address)214 569.4 R(mask \(def)2.5 E +(aults IN)-.1 E(ADDR_ANY\))-.35 E -.15(Fa)214 581.4 S 41.31 +(mily Address).15 F -.1(fa)2.5 G(mily \(def).1 E(aults to INET\))-.1 E +44.5(Listen Size)214 593.4 R(of listen queue \(def)2.5 E(aults to 10\)) +-.1 E 21.72(SndBufSize Size)214 605.4 R(of TCP send b)2.5 E(uf)-.2 E +(fer)-.25 E 21.17(RcvBufSize Size)214 617.4 R(of TCP recei)2.5 E .3 -.15 +(ve b)-.25 H(uf)-.05 E(fer)-.25 E(The)174 633.6 Q F2(Addr)2.5 E F1 +(ess mask may be a numeric address in dot notation or a netw)A +(ork name.)-.1 E(Def)102 649.8 Q(aultCharSet=)-.1 E F2 -.15(ch)C(ar).15 +E(set)-.1 E F1 .16 +([no short name] When a message that has 8-bit characters b)174 661.8 R +.161(ut is not in MIME for)-.2 F(-)-.2 E .495(mat is con)174 673.8 R +-.15(ve)-.4 G .495 +(rted to MIME \(see the EightBitMode option\) a character set must be) +.15 F .487(included in the Content-T)174 685.8 R .487(ype: header)-.8 F +5.487(.T)-.55 G .488(his character set is normally set from the)-5.487 F +.133(Charset= \214eld of the mailer descriptor)174 697.8 R 5.133(.I)-.55 +G 2.633(ft)-5.133 G .133(hat is not set, the v)-2.633 F .133 +(alue of this option is)-.25 F 2.5(used. If)174 709.8 R +(this option is not set, the v)2.5 E(alue \231unkno)-.25 E +(wn-8bit\232 is used.)-.25 E EP +%%Page: 43 39 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q +(SMM:08-43)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(Def)102 96 Q(aultUser=)-.1 E +/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(user:gr)A(oup)-.45 E F1 .013([u] Set the def) +174 108 R .013(ault userid for mailers to)-.1 F F2(user:gr)2.513 E(oup) +-.45 E F1 5.013(.I)C(f)-5.013 E F2(gr)2.513 E(oup)-.45 E F1 .014 +(is omitted and)2.514 F F2(user)2.514 E F1(is)2.514 E 4.307(au)174 120 S +1.807(ser name \(as opposed to a numeric user id\) the def)-4.307 F +1.806(ault group listed in the)-.1 F 1.153 +(/etc/passwd \214le for that user is used as the def)174 132 R 1.153 +(ault group.)-.1 F(Both)6.153 E F2(user)3.653 E F1(and)3.653 E F2(gr) +3.653 E(oup)-.45 E F1 1.153(may be numeric.)174 144 R 1.152 +(Mailers without the)6.152 F F2(S)3.652 E F1 1.152 +(\215ag in the mailer de\214nition will run as)3.652 F .142(this user) +174 158 R 5.142(.D)-.55 G(ef)-5.142 E .142(aults to 1:1.)-.1 F .142 +(The v)5.142 F .142(alue can also be gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.642(na) +.15 G 2.642(sas)-2.642 G .142(ymbolic user name.)-2.642 F/F3 7 +/Times-Roman@0 SF(19)-4 I F1(Deli)102 174.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ryMode=).15 +E F2(x)A F1([d] Deli)4 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G 2.5(nm)-2.5 G(ode) +-2.5 E F2(x)2.5 E F1 5(.L)C -2.25 -.15(eg a)-5 H 2.5(lm).15 G(odes are:) +-2.5 E 17.22(iD)214 190.4 S(eli)-17.22 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G +(nteracti)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly \(synchronously\)).15 E 15(bD)214 +202.4 S(eli)-15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G 2.5(nb)-2.5 G +(ackground \(asynchronously\))-2.5 E 15(qJ)214 214.4 S +(ust queue the message \(deli)-15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rd).15 G +(uring queue run\))-2.5 E 15(dD)214 226.4 S(efer deli)-15 E -.15(ve)-.25 +G(ry and all map lookups \(deli).15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rd).15 G +(uring queue run\))-2.5 E(Def)174 242.6 Q .712(aults to `)-.1 F(`b')-.74 +E 3.212('i)-.74 G 3.212(fn)-3.212 G 3.211(oo)-3.212 G .711 +(ption is speci\214ed, `)-3.211 F(`i')-.74 E 3.211('i)-.74 G 3.211(fi) +-3.211 G 3.211(ti)-3.211 G 3.211(ss)-3.211 G .711(peci\214ed b)-3.211 F +.711(ut gi)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.211(nn).15 G 3.211(oa)-3.211 G -.18 +(rg)-3.211 G(u-).18 E .094(ment \(i.e., `)174 254.6 R(`Od')-.74 E 2.594 +('i)-.74 G 2.594(se)-2.594 G(qui)-2.594 E -.25(va)-.25 G .094(lent to `) +.25 F(`Odi')-.74 E 2.594('\). The)-.74 F F0<ad76>2.594 E F1 .094 +(command line \215ag sets this to)2.594 F F0(i)2.594 E F1(.)A +(DialDelay=)102 270.8 Q F2(sleeptime)A F1 .799 +([no short name] Dial-on-demand netw)174 282.8 R .798 +(ork connections can see timeouts if a con-)-.1 F .665 +(nection is opened before the call is set up.)174 294.8 R .665 +(If this is set to an interv)5.665 F .665(al and a con-)-.25 F .743 +(nection times out on the \214rst connection being attempted)174 306.8 R +F2(sendmail)3.242 E F1 .742(will sleep for)3.242 F .31 +(this amount of time and try ag)174 318.8 R 2.81(ain. This)-.05 F .31 +(should gi)2.81 F .61 -.15(ve y)-.25 H .31(our system time to establish) +.15 F 1.543(the connection to your service pro)174 330.8 R(vider)-.15 E +6.543(.U)-.55 G 1.543(nits def)-6.543 F 1.542 +(ault to seconds, so \231DialDe-)-.1 F(lay=5\232 uses a \214v)174 342.8 +Q 2.5(es)-.15 G(econd delay)-2.5 E 5(.D)-.65 G(ef)-5 E +(aults to zero \(no retry\).)-.1 E(DontExpandCnames)102 359 Q .559([no short name] The standards say that all host addresses used in a mail message) +174 371 R 1.408(must be fully canonical.)174 383 R -.15(Fo)6.407 G 3.907 +(re).15 G 1.407(xample, if your host is named \231Cruft.F)-4.057 F +(oo.ORG\232)-.15 E 1.462(and also has an alias of \231FTP)174 395 R(.F) +-1.11 E 1.462(oo.ORG\232, the former name must be used at all)-.15 F +2.631(times. This)174 407 R .131 +(is enforced during host name canoni\214cation \($[ ... $] lookups\).) +2.631 F .13(If this)5.13 F .661(option is set, the protocols are ignored and the \231wrong\232 thing is done.) +174 419 R(Ho)5.662 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -.4(r,).15 G .455 +(the IETF is mo)174 431 R .455(ving to)-.15 F -.1(wa)-.25 G .455 +(rd changing this standard, so the beha).1 F .455(viour may become)-.2 F +3.009(acceptable. Please)174 443 R .509(note that hosts do)3.009 F .509 +(wnstream may still re)-.25 F .509(write the address to be)-.25 F +(the true canonical name ho)174 455 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -.55(r.) +.15 G 6.17(DontInitGroups [no)102 471.2 R .25(short name] If set,)2.75 F +F2(sendmail)2.75 E F1 .25(will a)2.75 F -.2(vo)-.2 G .25 +(id using the initgroups\(3\) call.).2 F .25(If you are)5.25 F .583(running NIS, this causes a sequential scan of the groups.byname map, which can) +174 483.2 R .436(cause your NIS serv)174 495.2 R .436(er to be badly o) +-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .435(rloaded in a lar).15 F .435(ge domain.)-.18 F +.435(The cost of this)5.435 F .697(is that the only group found for users will be their primary group \(the one in the) +174 507.2 R(passw)174 519.2 Q 1.189(ord \214le\), which will mak)-.1 F +3.689<658c>-.1 G 1.189(le access permissions some)-3.689 F 1.189 +(what more restric-)-.25 F(ti)174 531.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 5(.H).15 G +(as no ef)-5 E(fect on systems that don')-.25 E 2.5(th)-.18 G -2.25 -.2 +(av e)-2.5 H(group lists.)2.7 E -1.61(DontPruneRoutes [R])102 547.4 R +(Normally)3.905 E(,)-.65 E F2(sendmail)3.905 E F1 1.405 +(tries to eliminate an)3.905 F 3.905(yu)-.15 G 1.405(nnecessary e)-3.905 +F 1.405(xplicit routes when)-.15 F .155 +(sending an error message \(as discussed in RFC 1123 \247 5.2.6\).)174 +559.4 R -.15(Fo)5.154 G 2.654(re).15 G .154(xample, when)-2.804 F +(sending an error message to)174 571.4 Q(<@kno)214 587.6 Q(wn1,@kno)-.25 +E(wn2,@kno)-.25 E(wn3:user@unkno)-.25 E(wn>)-.25 E F2(sendmail)174 603.8 +Q F1 1.155(will strip of)3.655 F 3.655(ft)-.25 G 1.155(he \231@kno) +-3.655 F(wn1,@kno)-.25 E 1.155(wn2\232 in order to mak)-.25 F 3.655(et) +-.1 G 1.155(he route as)-3.655 F .813(direct as possible.)174 615.8 R +(Ho)5.813 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.613 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.313(ft).4 G +(he)-3.313 E F0(R)3.313 E F1 .812 +(option is set, this will be disabled, and the)3.313 F .009 +(mail will be sent to the \214rst address in the route, e)174 627.8 R +-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.51(ni).15 G 2.51(fl)-2.51 G .01(ater addresses are kno) +-2.51 F(wn.)-.25 E(This may be useful if you are caught behind a \214re) +174 639.8 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(ll.).1 E(DoubleBounceAddress=)102 656 Q F2 +(err)A(or)-.45 E(-addr)-.2 E(ess)-.37 E F1 .504([no short name] If an error occurs when sending an error message, send the error) +174 668 R 1.999(report \(termed a \231double bounce\232 because it is an error \231bounce\232 that occurs) +174 680 R .32 LW 76 689.6 72 689.6 DL 80 689.6 76 689.6 DL 84 689.6 80 +689.6 DL 88 689.6 84 689.6 DL 92 689.6 88 689.6 DL 96 689.6 92 689.6 DL +100 689.6 96 689.6 DL 104 689.6 100 689.6 DL 108 689.6 104 689.6 DL 112 +689.6 108 689.6 DL 116 689.6 112 689.6 DL 120 689.6 116 689.6 DL 124 +689.6 120 689.6 DL 128 689.6 124 689.6 DL 132 689.6 128 689.6 DL 136 +689.6 132 689.6 DL 140 689.6 136 689.6 DL 144 689.6 140 689.6 DL 148 +689.6 144 689.6 DL 152 689.6 148 689.6 DL 156 689.6 152 689.6 DL 160 +689.6 156 689.6 DL 164 689.6 160 689.6 DL 168 689.6 164 689.6 DL 172 +689.6 168 689.6 DL 176 689.6 172 689.6 DL 180 689.6 176 689.6 DL 184 +689.6 180 689.6 DL 188 689.6 184 689.6 DL 192 689.6 188 689.6 DL 196 +689.6 192 689.6 DL 200 689.6 196 689.6 DL 204 689.6 200 689.6 DL 208 +689.6 204 689.6 DL 212 689.6 208 689.6 DL 216 689.6 212 689.6 DL/F4 5 +/Times-Roman@0 SF(19)93.6 700 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(The old)3.2 I/F6 8 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(g)2 E F5(option has been combined into the)2 E F6 +(DefaultUser)2 E F5(option.)2 E EP +%%Page: 44 40 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-44 Sendmail)72 60 R +(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .818(when trying to send another error \231bounce\232\) to the indicated address.) +174 96 R .817(If not set,)5.817 F(def)174 108 Q +(aults to \231postmaster\232.)-.1 E(EightBitMode=)102 124.2 Q/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(action)A F1 1.955 +([8] Set handling of eight-bit data.)174 136.2 R 1.955(There are tw) +6.955 F 4.456(ok)-.1 G 1.956(inds of eight-bit data: that)-4.456 F 3.335 +(declared as such using the)174 148.2 R F0(BOD)5.834 E(Y=8BITMIME)-.4 E +F1 3.334(ESMTP declaration or the)5.834 F F0(\255B8BITMIME)174 160.2 Q +F1 .948 +(command line \215ag, and undeclared 8-bit data, that is, input that) +3.448 F 1.18(just happens to be eight bits.)174 172.2 R 1.18 +(There are three basic operations that can happen:)6.18 F .995 +(undeclared 8-bit data can be automatically con)174 184.2 R -.15(ve)-.4 +G .996(rted to 8BITMIME, undeclared).15 F .887 +(8-bit data can be passed as-is without con)174 196.2 R -.15(ve)-.4 G +.887(rsion to MIME \(`).15 F .887(`just send 8')-.74 F .886('\), and) +-.74 F 1.794(declared 8-bit data can be con)174 208.2 R -.15(ve)-.4 G +1.794(rted to 7-bits for transmission to a non-8BIT).15 F(-)-.92 E +(MIME mailer)174 220.2 Q 5(.T)-.55 G(he possible)-5 E F2(action)2.5 E F1 +2.5(sa)C(re:)-2.5 E 11.11(sR)219 236.4 S +(eject undeclared 8-bit data \(`)-11.11 E(`strict')-.74 E('\))-.74 E +7.22(mC)219 248.4 S(on)-7.22 E -.15(ve)-.4 G +(rt undeclared 8-bit data to MIME \(`).15 E(`mime')-.74 E('\))-.74 E 10 +(pP)219 260.4 S(ass undeclared 8-bit data \(`)-10.15 E(`pass')-.74 E +('\))-.74 E 2.228 +(In all cases properly declared 8BITMIME data will be con)174 276.6 R +-.15(ve)-.4 G 2.227(rted to 7BIT as).15 F(needed.)174 288.6 Q +(ErrorHeader=)102 304.8 Q F2(\214le-or)A(-messa)-.2 E -.1(ge)-.1 G F1 +.486([E] Prepend error messages with the indicated message.)174 316.8 R +.486(If it be)5.486 F .487(gins with a slash,)-.15 F .246(it is assumed to be the pathname of a \214le containing a message \(this is the recom-) +174 328.8 R .86(mended setting\).)174 340.8 R .86 +(Otherwise, it is a literal message.)5.86 F .86 +(The error \214le might contain)5.86 F 1.116(the name, email address, and/or phone number of a local postmaster who could) +174 352.8 R(pro)174 364.8 Q .173(vide assistance in to end users.)-.15 F +.174(If the option is missing or null, or if it names a)5.173 F +(\214le which does not e)174 376.8 Q +(xist or which is not readable, no message is printed.)-.15 E +(ErrorMode=)102 393 Q F2(x)A F1([e] Dispose of errors using mode)17.49 E +F2(x)2.5 E F1 5(.T)C(he v)-5 E(alues for)-.25 E F2(x)2.5 E F1(are:)2.5 E +15(pP)214 409.2 S(rint error messages \(def)-15 E(ault\))-.1 E 15(qN)214 +421.2 S 2.5(om)-15 G(essages, just gi)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve ex)-.25 H +(it status).15 E 12.22(mM)214 433.2 S(ail back errors)-12.22 E 12.78(wW) +214 445.2 S(rite back errors \(mail if user not logged in\))-12.78 E +15.56(eM)214 457.2 S(ail back errors and gi)-15.56 E .3 -.15(ve z)-.25 H +(ero e).15 E(xit stat al)-.15 E -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys).1 E -.15(Fa)102 477.6 S +(llbackMXhost=).15 E F2(fallbac)A(khost)-.2 E F1 .797 +([V] If speci\214ed, the)174 489.6 R F2(fallbac)3.297 E(khost)-.2 E F1 +.797(acts lik)3.297 F 3.296(eav)-.1 G .796(ery lo)-3.446 F 3.296(wp)-.25 +G .796(riority MX on e)-3.296 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .796(ry host.).15 F +(This is intended to be used by sites with poor netw)174 501.6 Q +(ork connecti)-.1 E(vity)-.25 E(.)-.65 E -.15(Fo)102 517.8 S 16.88 +(rkEachJob [Y]).15 F .707(If set, deli)3.207 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.207(re) +.15 G .708(ach job that is run from the queue in a separate process.) +-3.207 F(Use)5.708 E .275(this option if you are short of memory)174 +529.8 R 2.774(,s)-.65 G .274(ince the def)-2.774 F .274 +(ault tends to consume consid-)-.1 F +(erable amounts of memory while the queue is being processed.)174 541.8 +Q -.15(Fo)102 558 S(rw).15 E(ardP)-.1 E(ath=)-.15 E F2(path)A F1 1.511 +([J] Set the path for searching for users' .forw)174 570 R 1.512 +(ard \214les.)-.1 F 1.512(The def)6.512 F 1.512(ault is \231$z/.for)-.1 +F(-)-.2 E -.1(wa)174 582 S 5.8(rd\232. Some).1 F 3.299 +(sites that use the automounter may prefer to change this to)5.8 F +(\231/v)174 594 Q(ar/forw)-.25 E 1.696(ard/$u\232 to search a \214le with the same name as the user in a system) +-.1 F(directory)174 606 Q 5.488(.I)-.65 G 2.988(tc)-5.488 G .488 +(an also be set to a sequence of paths separated by colons;)-2.988 F F2 +(sendmail)2.987 E F1 .831 +(stops at the \214rst \214le it can successfully and safely open.)174 +618 R -.15(Fo)5.831 G 3.331(re).15 G .831(xample, \231/v)-3.481 F +(ar/for)-.25 E(-)-.2 E -.1(wa)174 630 S(rd/$u:$z/.forw).1 E .277 +(ard\232 will search \214rst in /v)-.1 F(ar/forw)-.25 E(ard/)-.1 E F2 +(username)A F1 .276(and then in)2.777 F F2(~user)2.776 E(-)-.2 E(name) +174 642 Q F1(/.forw)A(ard \(b)-.1 E +(ut only if the \214rst \214le does not e)-.2 E(xist\).)-.15 E +(HelpFile=)102 658.2 Q F2(\214le)A F1 +([H] Specify the help \214le for SMTP)19.14 E(.)-1.11 E(HoldExpensi)102 +674.4 Q 8.54 -.15(ve [)-.25 H 1.393(c] If an outgoing mailer is mark).15 +F 1.393(ed as being e)-.1 F(xpensi)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.894(,d).15 G +(on')-3.894 E 3.894(tc)-.18 G 1.394(onnect immedi-)-3.894 F(ately)174 +686.4 Q 5.268(.T)-.65 G .268(his requires that queueing be compiled in, since it will depend on a queue) +-5.268 F(run process to actually send the mail.)174 698.4 Q EP +%%Page: 45 41 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q +(SMM:08-45)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(HostsFile=)102 96 Q/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(path)A F1 .026([no short name] The path to the hosts database, normally \231/etc/hosts\232.) +10.24 F .026(This option)5.026 F 1.417(is only consulted when sendmail is canonifying addresses, and then only when) +174 108 R .783 +(\231\214les\232 is in the \231hosts\232 service switch entry)174 120 R +5.784(.I)-.65 G 3.284(np)-5.784 G(articular)-3.284 E 3.284(,t)-.4 G .784 +(his \214le is)-3.284 F F2(ne)3.284 E(ver)-.15 E F1(used)3.284 E .202(when looking up host addresses; that is under the control of the system) +174 132 R F2 -.1(ge)2.702 G(thostby-).1 E(name)174 144 Q F1 +(\(3\) routine.)A(HostStatusDirectory=)102 160.2 Q F2(path)A F1 .43 +([no short name] The location of the long term host status information.) +174 172.2 R .43(When set,)5.43 F 1.39 +(information about the status of hosts \(e.g., host do)174 184.2 R 1.39 +(wn or not accepting connec-)-.25 F .162 +(tions\) will be shared between all)174 196.2 R F2(sendmail)2.663 E F1 +.163(processes; normally)2.663 F 2.663(,t)-.65 G .163 +(his information is)-2.663 F .123(only held within a single queue run.) +174 208.2 R .123(This option requires a connection cache of at)5.123 F +.688(least 1 to function.)174 220.2 R .688(If the option be)5.688 F .688 +(gins with a leading `/', it is an absolute path-)-.15 F .617 +(name; otherwise, it is relati)174 232.2 R .917 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 3.117 +(ot).15 G .617(he mail queue directory)-3.117 F 5.617(.A)-.65 G .617 +(suggested v)-2.5 F .616(alue for)-.25 F .558(sites desiring persistent host status is \231.hoststat\232 \(i.e., a subdirectory of the queue) +174 244.2 R(directory\).)174 256.2 Q 24.51(IgnoreDots [i])102 272.4 R +1.172(Ignore dots in incoming messages.)3.672 F 1.172(This is al)6.172 F +-.1(wa)-.1 G 1.171(ys disabled \(that is, dots are).1 F(al)174 284.4 Q +-.1(wa)-.1 G(ys accepted\) when reading SMTP mail.).1 E(LogLe)102 300.6 +Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(l=).15 E F2(n)A F1([L] Set the def)22.88 E(ault log le) +-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(lt).15 G(o)-2.5 E F2(n)2.5 E F1 5(.D)C(ef)-5 E +(aults to 9.)-.1 E(M)102 316.8 Q F2 1.666(xv)C(alue)-1.666 E F1 .255 +([no long v)35.344 F .255(ersion] Set the macro)-.15 F F2(x)2.755 E F1 +(to)2.755 E F2(value)2.755 E F1 5.255(.T)C .255 +(his is intended only for use from the)-5.255 F(command line.)174 328.8 +Q(The)5 E F0<ad4d>2.5 E F1(\215ag is preferred.)2.5 E 11.17 +(MatchGECOS [G])102 345 R(Allo)3.334 E 3.334(wf)-.25 G .834 +(uzzy matching on the GECOS \214eld.)-3.334 F .833 +(If this \215ag is set, and the usual)5.833 F .867(user name lookups f) +174 357 R .867(ail \(that is, there is no alias with this name and a)-.1 +F F2 -.1(ge)3.368 G(tpwnam).1 E F1 -.1(fa)174 369 S 1.155 +(ils\), sequentially search the passw).1 F 1.155 +(ord \214le for a matching entry in the GECOS)-.1 F 3.696(\214eld. This) +174 381 R 1.196(also requires that MA)3.696 F 1.196 +(TCHGECOS be turned on during compilation.)-1.11 F +(This option is not recommended.)174 393 Q(MaxDaemonChildren=)102 409.2 +Q F2(N)A F1 .54([no short name] If set,)174 421.2 R F2(sendmail)3.039 E +F1 .539(will refuse connections when it has more than)3.039 F F2(N)3.039 +E F1 1.086(children processing incoming mail.)174 433.2 R 1.087 +(This does not limit the number of outgoing)6.086 F 3.37 +(connections. If)174 445.2 R .87 +(not set, there is no limit to the number of children -- that is, the) +3.37 F(system load a)174 457.2 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G(raging controls this.).15 +E(MaxHopCount=)102 473.4 Q F2(N)A F1 1.237([h] The maximum hop count.) +174 485.4 R 1.237(Messages that ha)6.237 F 1.538 -.15(ve b)-.2 H 1.238 +(een processed more than).15 F F2(N)3.738 E F1 +(times are assumed to be in a loop and are rejected.)174 497.4 Q(Def)5 E +(aults to 25.)-.1 E(MaxHostStatAge=)102 513.6 Q F2 -.1(age)C F1 .439 +([no short name] Not yet implemented.)174 525.6 R .438 +(This option speci\214es ho)5.438 F 2.938(wl)-.25 G .438 +(ong host status)-2.938 F .36(information will be retained.)174 537.6 R +-.15(Fo)5.36 G 2.86(re).15 G .36(xample, if a host is found to be do) +-3.01 F .36(wn, connec-)-.25 F .246 +(tions to that host will not be retried for this interv)174 549.6 R +2.746(al. The)-.25 F .246(units def)2.746 F .246(ault to minutes.)-.1 F +(MaxMessageSize=)102 565.8 Q F2(N)A F1 2.562 +([no short name] Specify the maximum message size to be adv)174 577.8 R +2.563(ertised in the)-.15 F(ESMTP EHLO response.)174 589.8 Q +(Messages lar)5 E(ger than this will be rejected.)-.18 E +(MaxQueueRunSize=)102 606 Q F2(N)A F1 .677([no short name] The maximum number of jobs that will be processed in a single) +174 618 R .501(queue run.)174 630 R .501 +(If not set, there is no limit on the size.)5.501 F .501(If you ha)5.501 +F .802 -.15(ve ve)-.2 H .502(ry lar).15 F .502(ge queues)-.18 F .445 +(or a v)174 642 R .445(ery short queue run interv)-.15 F .445 +(al this could be unstable.)-.25 F(Ho)5.445 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G +1.245 -.4(r, s).15 H .445(ince the \214rst).4 F F2(N)174 654 Q F1 1.115 +(jobs in queue directory order are run \(rather than the)3.615 F F2(N) +3.615 E F1 1.115(highest priority jobs\))3.615 F .136 +(this should be set as high as possible to a)174 666 R -.2(vo)-.2 G .136 +(id \231losing\232 jobs that happen to f).2 F .136(all late)-.1 F +(in the queue directory)174 678 Q(.)-.65 E(MeT)102 694.2 Q 40.86(oo [m]) +-.8 F(Send to me too, e)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fIa)-2.5 G +2.5(mi)-2.5 G 2.5(na)-2.5 G 2.5(na)-2.5 G(lias e)-2.5 E(xpansion.)-.15 E +(MinFreeBlocks=)102 710.4 Q F2(N)A F1 1.538([b] Insist on at least)174 +722.4 R F2(N)4.038 E F1 1.539 +(blocks free on the \214lesystem that holds the queue \214les)4.039 F EP +%%Page: 46 42 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-46 Sendmail)72 60 R +(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .846 +(before accepting email via SMTP)174 96 R 5.846(.I)-1.11 G 3.346(ft) +-5.846 G .846(here is insuf)-3.346 F .846(\214cient space)-.25 F/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.346 E F1(gi)3.345 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.345 +(sa).15 G(452 response to the MAIL command.)174 108 Q(This in)5 E +(vites the sender to try ag)-.4 E(ain later)-.05 E(.)-.55 E +(MinQueueAge=age)102 124.2 Q .886([no short name] Don')174 136.2 R 3.386 +(tp)-.18 G .886(rocess an)-3.386 F 3.386(yq)-.15 G .886 +(ueued jobs that ha)-3.386 F 1.187 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .887 +(een in the queue less).15 F 1.9(than the indicated time interv)174 +148.2 R 4.399(al. This)-.25 F 1.899(is intended to allo)4.399 F 4.399 +(wy)-.25 G 1.899(ou to get respon-)-4.399 F(si)174 160.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 +G .665(ness by processing the queue f).15 F .665 +(airly frequently without thrashing your system)-.1 F +(by trying jobs too often.)174 172.2 Q(The def)5 E +(ault units are minutes.)-.1 E(MustQuoteChars=)102 188.4 Q F2(s)A F1 +1.253([no short name] Sets the list of characters that must be quoted if used in a full) +174 200.4 R 1.217(name that is in the phrase part of a `)174 212.4 R +1.217(`phrase <address>')-.74 F 3.717('s)-.74 G 3.717(yntax. The)-3.717 +F(def)3.718 E 1.218(ault is)-.1 F -.74(``)174 224.4 S<b42e>.74 E -.74 +('')-.7 G 5(.T).74 G(he characters `)-5 E(`@,;:\\\(\)[]')-.74 E 2.5('a) +-.74 G(re al)-2.5 E -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys added to this list.).1 E +(NoRecipientAction)102 240.6 Q .555([no short name] The action to tak) +174 252.6 R 3.055(ew)-.1 G .555(hen you recei)-3.055 F .855 -.15(ve a m) +-.25 H .554(essage that has no v).15 F(alid)-.25 E .625 +(recipient headers \(T)174 264.6 R .625(o:, Cc:, Bcc:, or Apparently-T) +-.8 F .625(o: \212 the last included for back)-.8 F .109 +(compatibility with old)174 276.6 R F2(sendmail)2.609 E F1 2.609 +(s\). It)B .109(can be)2.609 F F0(None)2.608 E F1 .108 +(to pass the message on unmod-)2.608 F .296 +(i\214ed, which violates the protocol,)174 288.6 R F0(Add-T)2.796 E(o) +-.92 E F1 .296(to add a T)2.796 F .296(o: header with an)-.8 F 2.797(yr) +-.15 G(ecipients)-2.797 E 1.638(it can \214nd in the en)174 300.6 R -.15 +(ve)-.4 G 1.638(lope \(which might e).15 F 1.638 +(xpose Bcc: recipients\),)-.15 F F0(Add-A)4.138 E(ppar)-.25 E(-)-.37 E +(ently-T)174 312.6 Q(o)-.92 E F1 .337(to add an Apparently-T)2.837 F +.337(o: header \(this is only for back-compatibility and)-.8 F .842 +(is of)174 324.6 R .841(\214cially deprecated\),)-.25 F F0(Add-T)3.341 E +(o-Undisclosed)-.92 E F1 .841(to add a header \231T)3.341 F .841 +(o: undisclosed-)-.8 F .397(recipients:;\232 to mak)174 336.6 R 2.897 +(et)-.1 G .397(he header le)-2.897 F -.05(ga)-.15 G 2.897(lw).05 G .397 +(ithout disclosing an)-2.897 F .398(ything, or)-.15 F F0(Add-Bcc)2.898 E +F1(to)2.898 E(add an empty Bcc: header)174 348.6 Q(.)-.55 E 1.18 +(OldStyleHeaders [o])102 364.8 R 1.713(Assume that the headers may be in old format, i.e., spaces delimit names.) +4.214 F 1.068(This actually turns on an adapti)174 376.8 R 1.368 -.15 +(ve a)-.25 H 1.068(lgorithm: if an).15 F 3.569(yr)-.15 G 1.069 +(ecipient address contains a)-3.569 F 1.681 +(comma, parenthesis, or angle brack)174 388.8 R 1.681 +(et, it will be assumed that commas already)-.1 F -.15(ex)174 400.8 S +2.825(ist. If).15 F .325 +(this \215ag is not on, only commas delimit names.)2.825 F .325 +(Headers are al)5.325 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .325(ys out-).1 F +(put with commas between the names.)174 412.8 Q(Def)5 E(aults to of)-.1 +E(f.)-.25 E(OperatorChars=)102 429 Q F2 -.15(ch)C(arlist).15 E F1 1.438 +([$o macro] The list of characters that are considered to be \231operators\232, that is,) +174 441 R .82(characters that delimit tok)174 453 R 3.32(ens. All)-.1 F +.82(operator characters are tok)3.32 F .82(ens by themselv)-.1 F(es;) +-.15 E .078(sequences of non-operator characters are also tok)174 465 R +2.578(ens. White)-.1 F .078(space characters sep-)2.578 F .269 +(arate tok)174 477 R .269(ens b)-.1 F .269(ut are not tok)-.2 F .269 +(ens themselv)-.1 F .269(es \212 for e)-.15 F .269(xample, \231)-.15 F +.27(AAA.BBB\232 has three)-.8 F(tok)174 489 Q .433(ens, b)-.1 F .433 +(ut \231)-.2 F .433(AAA BBB\232 has tw)-.8 F 2.933(o. If)-.1 F .433 +(not set, OperatorChars def)2.933 F .433(aults to \231.)-.1 F 1.666 +(:@[])1.666 G<9a3b>-1.666 E(additionally)174 501 Q 2.5(,t)-.65 G +(he characters \231\()-2.5 E 1.666(\)<>,;)1.666 G 2.5<9a61>-1.666 G +(re al)-2.5 E -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys operators.).1 E(PostmasterCop)102 517.2 Q +(y=)-.1 E F2(postmaster)A F1 .003 +([P] If set, copies of error messages will be sent to the named)174 +529.2 R F2(postmaster)2.504 E F1 5.004(.O)C .004(nly the)-5.004 F .627 +(header of the f)174 541.2 R .627(ailed message is sent.)-.1 F .626 +(Since most errors are user problems, this is)5.626 F .453 +(probably not a good idea on lar)174 553.2 R .453(ge sites, and ar)-.18 +F .453(guably contains all sorts of pri)-.18 F -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy) +.25 G 1.979(violations, b)174 565.2 R 1.978 +(ut it seems to be popular with certain operating systems v)-.2 F +(endors.)-.15 E(Def)174 577.2 Q(aults to no postmaster copies.)-.1 E +(Pri)102 593.4 Q -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G(Options=).15 E F2 +(opt,opt,...)1.666 E F1 1.191([p] Set the pri)174 605.4 R -.25(va)-.25 G +-.15(cy).25 G F2(opt)3.841 E F1 3.691(ions. `)B(`Pri)-.74 E -.25(va)-.25 +G -.15(cy).25 G 2.671 -.74('' i).15 H 3.692(sr).74 G 1.192 +(eally a misnomer; man)-3.692 F 3.692(yo)-.15 G 3.692(ft)-3.692 G 1.192 +(hese are)-3.692 F .929(just a w)174 617.4 R .928 +(ay of insisting on stricter adherence to the SMTP protocol.)-.1 F(The) +5.928 E F2(opt)3.428 E F1(ions)A(can be selected from:)174 629.4 Q EP +%%Page: 47 43 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q +(SMM:08-47)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 40.26(public Allo)214 96 R +2.5(wo)-.25 G(pen access)-2.5 E 11.38(needmailhelo Insist)214 108 R +(on HELO or EHLO command before MAIL)2.5 E(neede)214 120 Q 9.87 +(xpnhelo Insist)-.15 F(on HELO or EHLO command before EXPN)2.5 E(noe)214 +132 Q 35.97(xpn Disallo)-.15 F 2.5(wE)-.25 G(XPN entirely)-2.5 E 12.5 +(needvrfyhelo Insist)214 144 R(on HELO or EHLO command before VRFY)2.5 E +(no)214 156 Q 38.75(vrfy Disallo)-.15 F 2.5(wV)-.25 G(RFY entirely)-2.5 +E 14.71(restrictmailq Restrict)214 168 R(mailq command)2.5 E 19.16 +(restrictqrun Restrict)214 180 R(\255q command line \215ag)2.5 E 24.16 +(noreceipts Don')214 192 R 2.5(tr)-.18 G(eturn success DSNs)-2.5 E(goa) +214 204 Q -.1(wa)-.15 G 36.91(yD).1 G(isallo)-36.91 E 2.5(we)-.25 G +(ssentially all SMTP status queries)-2.5 E(authw)214 216 Q 11.48 +(arnings Put)-.1 F(X-Authentication-W)2.5 E(arning: headers in messages) +-.8 E .485(The \231goa)174 232.2 R -.1(wa)-.15 G .485 +(y\232 pseudo-\215ag sets all \215ags e).1 F .486 +(xcept \231restrictmailq\232 and \231restrictqrun\232.)-.15 F 1.175(If mailq is restricted, only people in the same group as the queue directory can) +174 244.2 R .207(print the queue.)174 256.2 R .207 +(If queue runs are restricted, only root and the o)5.207 F .208 +(wner of the queue)-.25 F .066(directory can run the queue.)174 268.2 R +.066(Authentication W)5.066 F .066(arnings add w)-.8 F .066 +(arnings about v)-.1 F(arious)-.25 E .77(conditions that may indicate attempts to spoof the mail system, such as using an) +174 280.2 R(non-standard queue directory)174 292.2 Q(.)-.65 E +(QueueDirectory=)102 308.4 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(dir)A F1 +([Q] Use the named)174 320.4 Q F2(dir)2.5 E F1(as the queue directory) +2.5 E(.)-.65 E(QueueF)102 336.6 Q(actor=)-.15 E F2(factor)A F1 .614 +([q] Use)174 348.6 R F2(factor)3.114 E F1 .613 +(as the multiplier in the map function to decide when to just queue) +3.114 F .415(up jobs rather than run them.)174 360.6 R .415(This v)5.415 +F .415(alue is di)-.25 F .415(vided by the dif)-.25 F .415 +(ference between the)-.25 F 1.004(current load a)174 372.6 R -.15(ve)-.2 +G 1.004(rage and the load a).15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.004(rage limit \().15 +F F0(QueueLA)A F1 1.003(option\) to determine)3.503 F +(the maximum message priority that will be sent.)174 384.6 Q(Def)5 E +(aults to 600000.)-.1 E(QueueLA=)102 400.8 Q F2(LA)A F1 .164 +([x] When the system load a)15.26 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .165(rage e).15 F +(xceeds)-.15 E F2(LA)2.665 E F1 2.665(,j)C .165 +(ust queue messages \(i.e., don')-2.665 F 2.665(tt)-.18 G(ry)-2.665 E +(to send them\).)174 412.8 Q(Def)5 E(aults to 8.)-.1 E(QueueSortOrder=) +102 429 Q F2(algorithm)A F1 .097([no short name] Sets the)174 441 R F2 +(algorithm)2.597 E F1 .096(used for sorting the queue.)2.597 F .096 +(Only the \214rst char)5.096 F(-)-.2 E 1.021(acter of the v)174 453 R +1.021(alue is used.)-.25 F(Le)6.021 E -.05(ga)-.15 G 3.521(lv).05 G +1.021(alues are \231host\232 \(to order by the name of the)-3.771 F .002 +(\214rst host name of the \214rst recipient\), \231time\232 \(to order by the submission time\), and) +174 465 R .986(\231priority\232 \(to order by message priority\).)174 +477 R .986(Host ordering mak)5.986 F .986(es better use of the)-.1 F +.453(connection cache, b)174 489 R .452(ut may tend to process lo)-.2 F +2.952(wp)-.25 G .452(riority messages that go to a sin-)-2.952 F .218 +(gle host o)174 501 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.718(rh).15 G .218 +(igh priority messages that go to se)-2.718 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .219 +(ral hosts; it probably shouldn').15 F(t)-.18 E .524(be used on slo)174 +513 R 3.024(wn)-.25 G(etw)-3.024 E .524(ork links.)-.1 F -.35(Ti)5.524 G +.524(me ordering is almost al).35 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .523 +(ys a bad idea, since).1 F 1.127(it allo)174 525 R 1.127(ws lar)-.25 F +1.127(ge, b)-.18 F 1.127(ulk mail to go out before smaller)-.2 F 3.627 +(,p)-.4 G 1.127(ersonal mail, b)-3.627 F 1.128(ut may ha)-.2 F -.15(ve) +-.2 G 1.363(applicability on some hosts with v)174 537 R 1.363(ery f) +-.15 F 1.363(ast connections.)-.1 F 1.362(Priority ordering is the)6.363 +F(def)174 549 Q(ault.)-.1 E(QueueT)102 565.2 Q(imeout=)-.35 E F2 +(timeout)A F1 .355([T] A synon)174 577.2 R .355(ym for \231T)-.15 F +2.855(imeout.queuereturn\232. Use)-.35 F .356 +(that form instead of the \231Queue-)2.855 F -.35(Ti)174 589.2 S +(meout\232 form.).35 E(Resolv)102 605.4 Q(erOptions=)-.15 E F2(options)A +F1 .128([I] Set resolv)174 617.4 R .127(er options.)-.15 F -1.11(Va) +5.127 G .127(lues can be set using)1.11 F F0(+)2.627 E F2<8d61>A(g)-.1 E +F1 .127(and cleared using)2.627 F F0<ad>2.627 E F2<8d61>A(g)-.1 E F1 +2.627(;t)C(he)-2.627 E F2<8d61>174 629.4 Q(g)-.1 E F1 5.013(sc)C 2.513 +(an be \231deb)-5.013 F 2.513(ug\232, \231aaonly\232, \231use)-.2 F +2.514(vc\232, \231primary\232, \231igntc\232, \231recurse\232, \231def-) +-.25 F .867(names\232, \231stayopen\232, or \231dnsrch\232.)174 641.4 R +.867(The string \231HasW)5.867 F .867(ildcardMX\232 \(without a)-.4 F F0 +(+)3.367 E F1(or)3.367 E F0<ad>174 653.4 Q F1 3.82(\)c)C 1.32 +(an be speci\214ed to turn of)-3.82 F 3.82(fm)-.25 G 1.32(atching ag) +-3.82 F 1.32(ainst MX records when doing name)-.05 F(canoni\214cations.) +174 665.4 Q F0(N.B.)5.918 E F1 .917 +(Prior to 8.7, this option indicated that the name serv)5.918 F .917 +(er be)-.15 F 1.025(responding in order to accept addresses.)174 677.4 R +1.025(This has been replaced by checking to)6.025 F .078(see if the \231dns\232 method is listed in the service switch entry for the \231hosts\232 service.) +174 689.4 R(RunAsUser=)102 705.6 Q F2(user)A F1 3.752 +([no short name] The)2.48 F F2(user)6.252 E F1 3.752 +(parameter may be a user name \(look)6.252 F 3.753(ed up in)-.1 F F2 +(/etc/passwd)174 717.6 Q F1 3.046(\)o)C 3.046(ran)-3.046 G .546 +(umeric user id; either form can ha)-3.046 F .846 -.15(ve \231)-.2 H +.545(:group\232 attached \(where).15 F EP +%%Page: 48 44 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-48 Sendmail)72 60 R +(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .965 +(group can be numeric or symbolic\).)174 96 R .966 +(If set to a non-zero \(non-root\) v)5.965 F(alue,)-.25 E/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(send-)3.466 E(mail)174 110 Q F1 .484 +(will change to this user id shortly after startup)2.984 F/F3 7 +/Times-Roman@0 SF(20)-4 I F1 5.483(.T)4 K .483(his a)-5.483 F -.2(vo)-.2 +G .483(ids a certain class).2 F 1.844(of security problems.)174 122 R +(Ho)6.844 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.644 -.4(r, t).15 H 1.844 +(his means that all \231.forw).4 F 1.844(ard\232 and \231:include:\232) +-.1 F .194(\214les must be readable by the indicated)174 134 R F2(user) +2.694 E F1 2.694(,a)C .193(nd on systems that don')-2.694 F 2.693(ts) +-.18 G .193(upport the)-2.693 F(sa)174 146 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.894(du).15 +G .394(id bit properly)-2.894 F 2.894(,a)-.65 G .394 +(ll \214les to be written must be writable by)-2.894 F F2(user)2.895 E +F1 .395(and all pro-)2.895 F 1.218(grams will be e)174 158 R -.15(xe) +-.15 G 1.218(cuted by).15 F F2(user)3.718 E F1 6.218(.I)C 3.717(ti) +-6.218 G 3.717(sa)-3.717 G 1.217(lso incompatible with the)-3.717 F F0 +(SafeFileEn)3.717 E(vi-)-.4 E -.18(ro)174 170 S(nment).18 E F1 3.177 +(option. In)3.177 F .677(other w)3.177 F .677 +(ords, it may not actually add much to security on an)-.1 F -2.25 -.2 +(av e)174 182 T .624(rage system, and may in f).2 F .623 +(act detract from security \(because other \214le permis-)-.1 F 1.948 +(sions must be loosened\).)174 194 R(Ho)6.948 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G +2.748 -.4(r, i).15 H 4.448(ts).4 G 1.948(hould be useful on \214re) +-4.448 F -.1(wa)-.25 G 1.949(lls and other).1 F(places where users don') +174 206 Q 2.5(th)-.18 G -2.25 -.2(av e)-2.5 H +(accounts and the aliases \214le is well constrained.)2.7 E(RecipientF) +102 222.2 Q(actor=)-.15 E F2(fact)A F1 .638([y] The indicated)174 234.2 +R F2(fact)3.137 E F1 .637(or is added to the priority \(thus)B F2 +(lowering)3.137 E F1 .637(the priority of the)3.137 F .23 +(job\) for each recipient, i.e., this v)174 246.2 R .231 +(alue penalizes jobs with lar)-.25 F .231(ge numbers of recipi-)-.18 F +2.5(ents. Def)174 258.2 R(aults to 30000.)-.1 E(RefuseLA=)102 274.4 Q F2 +(LA)A F1 1.012([X] When the system load a)13.59 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.012 +(rage e).15 F(xceeds)-.15 E F2(LA)3.512 E F1 3.512(,r)C 1.011 +(efuse incoming SMTP connec-)-3.512 F 2.5(tions. Def)174 286.4 R +(aults to 12.)-.1 E(RetryF)102 302.6 Q(actor=)-.15 E F2(fact)A F1 .771 +([Z] The)3.74 F F2(fact)3.271 E F1 .771(or is added to the priority e)B +-.15(ve)-.25 G .772(ry time a job is processed.).15 F .772(Thus, each) +5.772 F .994(time a job is processed, its priority will be decreased by the indicated v) +174 314.6 R 3.493(alue. In)-.25 F 1.107(most en)174 326.6 R 1.107 +(vironments this should be positi)-.4 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.608(,s).15 G +1.108(ince hosts that are do)-3.608 F 1.108(wn are all too)-.25 F +(often do)174 338.6 Q(wn for a long time.)-.25 E(Def)5 E +(aults to 90000.)-.1 E(SafeFileEn)102 354.8 Q(vironment=)-.4 E F2(dir)A +F1 .022([no short name] If this option is set,)174 366.8 R F2(sendmail) +2.521 E F1 .021(will do a)2.521 F F2 -.15(ch)2.521 G -.45(ro).15 G(ot) +.45 E F1 .021(\(2\) call into the indi-)B(cated)174 378.8 Q F2(dir)2.832 +E F1 .333(ectory before doing an)B 2.833<798c>-.15 G .333(le writes.) +-2.833 F .333(If the \214le name speci\214ed by the user)5.333 F(be)174 +390.8 Q .588(gins with)-.15 F F2(dir)3.088 E F1 3.087(,t)C .587 +(hat partial path name will be stripped of)-3.087 F 3.087(fb)-.25 G .587 +(efore writing, so \(for)-3.087 F -.15(ex)174 402.8 S 2.224 +(ample\) if the SafeFileEn).15 F 2.224(vironment v)-.4 F 2.225 +(ariable is set to \231/safe\232 then aliases of)-.25 F 1.557(\231/safe/logs/\214le\232 and \231/logs/\214le\232 actually indicate the same \214le.) +174 414.8 R(Additionally)6.556 E 4.056(,i)-.65 G(f)-4.056 E +(this option is set,)174 426.8 Q F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(refuses to deli) +2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rt).15 G 2.5(os)-2.5 G(ymbolic links.)-2.5 E +(Sa)102 443 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 10.41(FromLine [f]).15 F(Sa)4.908 E 2.708 +-.15(ve U)-.2 H 2.408 +(nix-style \231From\232 lines at the front of headers.).15 F 2.409 +(Normally the)7.409 F 4.909(ya)-.15 G(re)-4.909 E +(assumed redundant and discarded.)174 455 Q(SendMIMEErrors)102 471.2 Q +.815([j] If set, send error messages in MIME format \(see RFC1521 and RFC1344 for) +174 483.2 R 2.914(details\). If)174 495.2 R(disabled,)2.914 E F2 +(sendmail)2.914 E F1 .415(will not return the DSN k)2.914 F -.15(ey)-.1 +G -.1(wo).15 G .415(rd in response to an).1 F 1.731 +(EHLO and will not do Deli)174 507.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.731 +(ry Status Noti\214cation processing as described in).15 F(RFC1891.)174 +519.2 Q(ServiceSwitchFile=)102 535.4 Q F2(\214lename)A F1 1.532([no short name] If your host operating system has a service switch abstraction) +174 547.4 R .003(\(e.g., /etc/nsswitch.conf on Solaris or /etc/svc.conf on Ultrix and DEC OSF/1\) that) +174 559.4 R .814(service will be consulted and this option is ignored.) +174 571.4 R .814(Otherwise, this is the name)5.814 F 1.083 +(of a \214le that pro)174 583.4 R 1.082 +(vides the list of methods used to implement particular services.)-.15 F +1.069(The syntax is a series of lines, each of which is a sequence of w) +174 595.4 R 3.57(ords. The)-.1 F(\214rst)3.57 E -.1(wo)174 607.4 S 1.364 +(rd is the service name, and follo).1 F 1.363(wing w)-.25 F 1.363 +(ords are service types.)-.1 F 1.363(The services)6.363 F(that)174 619.4 +Q F2(sendmail)4.11 E F1 1.61 +(consults directly are \231aliases\232 and \231hosts.)4.11 F 6.61<9a53> +-.7 G 1.61(ervice types can be)-6.61 F 1.755(\231dns\232, \231nis\232, \231nisplus\232, or \231\214les\232 \(with the ca) +174 631.4 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.754(at that the appropriate support).15 F +.791(must be compiled in before the service can be referenced\).)174 +643.4 R .791(If ServiceSwitchFile)5.791 F 1.303 +(is not speci\214ed, it def)174 655.4 R 1.303 +(aults to /etc/service.switch.)-.1 F 1.303(If that \214le does not e) +6.303 F 1.303(xist, the)-.15 F(def)174 667.4 Q(ault switch is:)-.1 E .32 +LW 76 678.8 72 678.8 DL 80 678.8 76 678.8 DL 84 678.8 80 678.8 DL 88 +678.8 84 678.8 DL 92 678.8 88 678.8 DL 96 678.8 92 678.8 DL 100 678.8 96 +678.8 DL 104 678.8 100 678.8 DL 108 678.8 104 678.8 DL 112 678.8 108 +678.8 DL 116 678.8 112 678.8 DL 120 678.8 116 678.8 DL 124 678.8 120 +678.8 DL 128 678.8 124 678.8 DL 132 678.8 128 678.8 DL 136 678.8 132 +678.8 DL 140 678.8 136 678.8 DL 144 678.8 140 678.8 DL 148 678.8 144 +678.8 DL 152 678.8 148 678.8 DL 156 678.8 152 678.8 DL 160 678.8 156 +678.8 DL 164 678.8 160 678.8 DL 168 678.8 164 678.8 DL 172 678.8 168 +678.8 DL 176 678.8 172 678.8 DL 180 678.8 176 678.8 DL 184 678.8 180 +678.8 DL 188 678.8 184 678.8 DL 192 678.8 188 678.8 DL 196 678.8 192 +678.8 DL 200 678.8 196 678.8 DL 204 678.8 200 678.8 DL 208 678.8 204 +678.8 DL 212 678.8 208 678.8 DL 216 678.8 212 678.8 DL/F4 5 +/Times-Roman@0 SF(20)93.6 689.2 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(When running as a daemon, it changes to this user after accepting a connection b) +3.2 I(ut before reading an)-.16 E(y)-.12 E F3(SMTP)2 E F5(commands.)2 E +EP +%%Page: 49 45 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q +(SMM:08-49)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 38.6(aliases \214les)214 96 R +44.7(hosts dns)214 108 R(nis \214les)2.5 E(The def)174 124.2 Q +(ault \214le is \231/etc/service.switch\232.)-.1 E(Se)102 140.4 Q -.15 +(ve)-.25 G 12.12(nBitInput [7]).15 F .321(Strip input to se)2.821 F -.15 +(ve)-.25 G 2.821(nb).15 G .322(its for compatibility with old systems.) +-2.821 F .322(This shouldn')5.322 F 2.822(tb)-.18 G(e)-2.822 E +(necessary)174 152.4 Q(.)-.65 E(SingleLineFromHeader)102 168.6 Q .959 +([no short name] If set, From: lines that ha)174 180.6 R 1.258 -.15 +(ve e)-.2 H .958(mbedded ne).15 F .958(wlines are unwrapped)-.25 F .242 +(onto one line.)174 192.6 R .243 +(This is to get around a botch in Lotus Notes that apparently cannot) +5.242 F(understand le)174 204.6 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G +(lly wrapped RFC822 headers.).05 E(SingleThreadDeli)102 220.8 Q -.15(ve) +-.25 G(ry).15 E .334([no short name] If set, a client machine will ne) +174 232.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.833(rt).15 G .333(ry to open tw)-2.833 F +2.833(oS)-.1 G .333(MTP connec-)-2.833 F 1.711(tions to a single serv) +174 244.8 R 1.712(er machine at the same time, e)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G +4.212(ni).15 G 4.212(nd)-4.212 G(if)-4.212 E 1.712(ferent processes.) +-.25 F .953(That is, if another)174 256.8 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF +(sendmail)3.452 E F1 .952(is already talking to some host a ne)3.452 F +(w)-.25 E F2(sendmail)3.452 E F1(will)3.452 E 2.387 +(not open another connection.)174 268.8 R 2.387(This property is of mix) +7.387 F 2.388(ed v)-.15 F 2.388(alue; although this)-.25 F .386(reduces the load on the other machine, it can cause mail to be delayed \(for e) +174 280.8 R(xam-)-.15 E .718(ple, if one)174 292.8 R F2(sendmail)3.218 E +F1 .718(is deli)3.218 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .718(ring a huge message, other) +.15 F F2(sendmail)3.219 E F1 3.219(sw)C(on')-3.319 E 3.219(tb)-.18 G +3.219(ea)-3.219 G(ble)-3.219 E 1.543(to send e)174 304.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 +G 4.043(ns).15 G 1.543(mall messages\).)-4.043 F 1.542 +(Also, it requires another \214le descriptor \(for the)6.543 F .996 +(lock \214le\) per connection, so you may ha)174 316.8 R 1.297 -.15 +(ve t)-.2 H 3.497(or).15 G .997(educe the)-3.497 F F0 +(ConnectionCacheSize)3.497 E F1 .235(option to a)174 328.8 R -.2(vo)-.2 +G .235(id running out of per).2 F .234(-process \214le descriptors.)-.2 +F .234(Requires the)5.234 F F0(HostSta-)2.734 E(tusDir)174 340.8 Q +(ectory)-.18 E F1(option.)2.5 E(SmtpGreetingMessage=)102 357 Q F2(messa) +A -.1(ge)-.1 G F1 .344 +([$e macro] The message printed when the SMTP serv)174 369 R .345 +(er starts up.)-.15 F(Def)5.345 E .345(aults to \231$j)-.1 F +(Sendmail $v ready at $b\232.)174 381 Q(StatusFile=)102 397.2 Q F2 +(\214le)A F1 .3([S] Log summary statistics in the named)14.13 F F2 +(\214le)2.799 E F1 5.299(.I)C 2.799(fn)-5.299 G .299 +(ot set, no summary statistics are)-2.799 F(sa)174 409.2 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G +3.775(d. This).15 F 1.275(\214le does not gro)3.775 F 3.775(wi)-.25 G +3.775(ns)-3.775 G 3.775(ize. It)-3.775 F 1.275(can be printed using the) +3.775 F F2(mailstats)3.775 E F1(\(8\))A(program.)174 421.2 Q 28.4 +(SuperSafe [s])102 437.4 R .373(Be super)2.873 F .373 +(-safe when running things, i.e., al)-.2 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .372 +(ys instantiate the queue \214le, e).1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E .697 +(if you are going to attempt immediate deli)174 449.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G +(ry).15 E(.)-.65 E F2(Sendmail)5.697 E F1(al)3.198 E -.1(wa)-.1 G .698 +(ys instantiates the).1 F 2.688 +(queue \214le before returning control the client under an)174 461.4 R +5.188(yc)-.15 G 5.188(ircumstances. This)-5.188 F(should really)174 +473.4 Q F2(always)2.5 E F1(be set.)2.5 E -.7(Te)102 489.6 S(mpFileMode=) +.7 E F2(mode)A F1 .331([F] The \214le mode for queue \214les.)174 501.6 +R .331(It is interpreted in octal by def)5.331 F 2.832(ault. Def)-.1 F +.332(aults to)-.1 F(0600.)174 513.6 Q -.35(Ti)102 529.8 S(meout.).35 E +F2(type)A F1(=)A F2(timeout)1.666 E F1 .297 +([r; subsumes old T option as well] Set timeout v)174 541.8 R 2.796 +(alues. The)-.25 F .296(actual timeout is indi-)2.796 F 1.678 +(cated by the)174 553.8 R F2(type)4.178 E F1 6.678(.T)C 1.678 +(he recognized timeouts and their def)-6.678 F 1.679(ault v)-.1 F 1.679 +(alues, and their)-.25 F(minimum v)174 565.8 Q +(alues speci\214ed in RFC 1123 section 5.3.2 are:)-.25 E EP +%%Page: 50 46 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-50 Sendmail)72 60 R +(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 23.6 +(initial w)214 96 R(ait for initial greeting message [5m, 5m])-.1 E +29.72(helo reply)214 108 R(to HELO or EHLO command [5m, none])2.5 E +29.16(mail reply)214 120 R(to MAIL command [10m, 5m])2.5 E 31.39 +(rcpt reply)214 132 R(to RCPT command [1h, 5m])2.5 E 16.94 +(datainit reply)214 144 R(to D)2.5 E -1.21 -1.11(AT A)-.4 H +(command [5m, 2m])3.61 E 8.06(datablock data)214 156 R +(block read [1h, 3m])2.5 E 12.5(data\214nal reply)214 168 R +(to \214nal `)2.5 E(`.)-.74 E 1.48 -.74('' i)-.7 H 2.5(nd).74 G +(ata [1h, 10m])-2.5 E 32.5(rset reply)214 180 R +(to RSET command [5m, none])2.5 E 31.38(quit reply)214 192 R(to Q)2.5 E +(UIT command [2m, none])-.1 E 28.05(misc reply)214 204 R +(to NOOP and VERB commands [2m, none])2.5 E 26.94(ident IDENT)214 216 R +(protocol timeout [30s, none])2.5 E 9.72(\214leopen\207 timeout)214 228 +R(on opening .forw)2.5 E(ard and :include: \214les [60s, none])-.1 E 2.5 +(command\207 command)214 240 R(read [1h, 5m])2.5 E(queuereturn\207ho)214 +252 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(ong until a message is returned [5d, 5d])-2.5 E +(queue)214 264 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G -1.58(rn\207 ho).1 F 2.5(wl)-.25 G +(ong until a w)-2.5 E(arning is sent [none, none])-.1 E 2.49 +(hoststatus\207 ho)214 276 R 2.5(wl)-.25 G(ong until host status is `) +-2.5 E(`stale')-.74 E 2.5('[)-.74 G(30m, none])-2.5 E .893(All b)174 +292.2 R .893(ut those mark)-.2 F .893 +(ed with a dagger \(\207\) apply to client SMTP)-.1 F 5.892(.I)-1.11 G +3.392(ft)-5.892 G .892(he message is)-3.392 F .273(submitted using the) +174 304.2 R/F2 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(NO)2.773 E .523(TIFY SMTP)-.36 F F1 +-.15(ex)2.773 G .273(tension, w).15 F .274 +(arning messages will only be sent)-.1 F(if)174 316.2 Q F2(NO)3.038 E +(TIFY=DELA)-.36 E(Y)-.945 E F1 .538(is speci\214ed.)3.038 F .537 +(The queuereturn and queue)5.537 F -.1(wa)-.25 G .537 +(rn timeouts can be).1 F 1.234(further quali\214ed with a tag based on the Precedence: \214eld in the message; the) +174 328.2 R(y)-.15 E 1.9(must be one of \231ur)174 340.2 R 1.9 +(gent\232 \(indicating a positi)-.18 F 2.2 -.15(ve n)-.25 H 1.9 +(on-zero precedence\) \231normal\232).15 F .251 +(\(indicating a zero precedence\), or \231non-ur)174 352.2 R .251 +(gent\232 \(indicating ne)-.18 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .552 -.15(ve p) +-.25 H(recedences\).).15 E -.15(Fo)174 364.2 S 4.423(re).15 G 1.923 +(xample, setting \231T)-4.573 F(imeout.queue)-.35 E -.1(wa)-.25 G(rn.ur) +.1 E 1.923(gent=1h\232 sets the w)-.18 F 1.922(arning timeout)-.1 F .222 +(for ur)174 376.2 R .223(gent messages only to one hour)-.18 F 5.223(.T) +-.55 G .223(he def)-5.223 F .223(ault if no precedence is indicated is) +-.1 F(to set the timeout for all precedences.)174 388.2 Q -.35(Ti)102 +404.4 S(meZoneSpec=).35 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(tzinfo)A F1 .218 +([t] Set the local time zone info to)174 416.4 R F3(tzinfo)2.718 E F1 +2.718<8a66>2.718 G .218(or e)-2.718 F .218(xample, \231PST8PDT\232.)-.15 +F(Actually)5.217 E 2.717(,i)-.65 G(f)-2.717 E 1.345 +(this is not set, the TZ en)174 428.4 R 1.346(vironment v)-.4 F 1.346 +(ariable is cleared \(so the system def)-.25 F 1.346(ault is)-.1 F .209 +(used\); if set b)174 440.4 R .208(ut null, the user')-.2 F 2.708(sT) +-.55 G 2.708(Zv)-2.708 G .208 +(ariable is used, and if set and non-null the TZ)-2.958 F -.25(va)174 +452.4 S(riable is set to this v).25 E(alue.)-.25 E -.35(Tr)102 468.6 S +5.96(yNullMXList [w]).35 F .114 +(If this system is the \231best\232 \(that is, lo)2.613 F .114 +(west preference\) MX for a gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.614(nh).15 G .114 +(ost, its)-2.614 F 1.168(con\214guration rules should normally detect this situation and treat that condition) +174 480.6 R .257(specially by forw)174 492.6 R .258 +(arding the mail to a UUCP feed, treating it as local, or whate)-.1 F +-.15(ve)-.25 G -.55(r.).15 G(Ho)174 504.6 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G +1.686 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.386(ns).4 G .886 +(ome cases \(such as Internet \214re)-3.386 F -.1(wa)-.25 G .886 +(lls\) you may w).1 F .885(ant to try to con-)-.1 F .07 +(nect directly to that host as though it had no MX records at all.)174 +516.6 R .07(Setting this option)5.07 F(causes)174 528.6 Q F3(sendmail) +3.014 E F1 .514(to try this.)3.014 F .514(The do)5.514 F .514 +(wnside is that errors in your con\214guration are)-.25 F(lik)174 540.6 +Q 2.116(ely to be diagnosed as \231host unkno)-.1 F 2.116 +(wn\232 or \231message timed out\232 instead of)-.25 F +(something more meaningful.)174 552.6 Q(This option is disrecommended.)5 +E(UnixFromLine=)102 568.8 Q F3(fr)A(omline)-.45 E F1 .236 +([$l macro] De\214nes the format used when)174 580.8 R F3(sendmail)2.736 +E F1 .236(must add a UNIX-style From_)2.736 F 1.324 +(line \(that is, a line be)174 592.8 R 1.325 +(ginning \231From<space>user\232\).)-.15 F(Def)6.325 E 1.325 +(aults to \231From $g)-.1 F($d\232.)6.325 E(Don')174 604.8 Q 2.646(tc) +-.18 G .146(hange this unless your system uses a dif)-2.646 F .146 +(ferent UNIX mailbox format \(v)-.25 F(ery)-.15 E(unlik)174 616.8 Q +(ely\).)-.1 E(UnsafeGroupWrites)102 633 Q .211 +([no short name] If set, :include: and .forw)174 645 R .212 +(ard \214les that are group writable are con-)-.1 F .367 +(sidered \231unsafe\232, that is, the)174 657 R 2.867(yc)-.15 G .366 +(annot reference programs or write directly to \214les.)-2.867 F -.8(Wo) +174 669 S(rld writable :include: and .forw).8 E(ard \214les are al)-.1 E +-.1(wa)-.1 G(ys unsafe..).1 E(UseErrorsT)102 685.2 Q 21.15(o[)-.8 G .826 +(l] If there is an \231Errors-T)-21.15 F .826(o:\232 header)-.8 F 3.326 +(,s)-.4 G .826(end error messages to the addresses listed)-3.326 F 3.135 +(there. The)174 697.2 R 3.135(yn)-.15 G .635(ormally go to the en)-3.135 +F -.15(ve)-.4 G .635(lope sender).15 F 5.635(.U)-.55 G .634 +(se of this option causes)-5.635 F F3(send-)3.134 E(mail)174 709.2 Q F1 +(to violate RFC 1123.)2.5 E +(This option is disrecommended and deprecated.)5 E EP +%%Page: 51 47 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q +(SMM:08-51)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(UserDatabaseSpec=)102 96 Q/F2 +10/Times-Italic@0 SF(udbspec)A F1 +([U] The user database speci\214cation.)174 108 Q 3.94 +(UserSubmission [no)102 124.2 R 1.369(short name] This is an initial submission directly from a Mail User Agent.) +3.869 F .433(This can be set in the con\214guration \214le if you ha)174 +136.2 R .733 -.15(ve M)-.2 H -.4(UA).15 G 2.933(st).4 G .433(hat don') +-2.933 F 2.933(tp)-.18 G .433(ass the)-2.933 F F0<ad55>2.933 E F1 .37 +(\215ag or use the XUSR ESMTP e)174 148.2 R .371(xtension, b)-.15 F .371 +(ut some relayed mail may get inappro-)-.2 F(priately re)174 160.2 Q +(written if you do.)-.25 E -1.11(Ve)102 176.4 S 37.29(rbose [v])1.11 F +.561(Run in v)3.061 F .561(erbose mode.)-.15 F .561(If this is set,) +5.561 F F2(sendmail)3.061 E F1 .56(adjusts options)3.061 F F0 +(HoldExpensi)3.06 E -.1(ve)-.1 G F1(\(old)174 188.4 Q F0(c)2.635 E F1 +2.635(\)a)C(nd)-2.635 E F0(Deli)2.635 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(ryMode).1 E F1 +(\(old)2.635 E F0(d)2.635 E F1 2.635(\)s)C 2.635(ot)-2.635 G .135 +(hat all mail is deli)-2.635 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .136 +(red completely in a sin-).15 F 1.244 +(gle job so that you can see the entire deli)174 200.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G +1.244(ry process.).15 F(Option)6.244 E F0 -1(Ve)3.743 G(rbose)1 E F1 +(should)3.743 E F2(ne)174 212.4 Q(ver)-.15 E F1(be set in the con\214guration \214le; it is intended for command line use only) +2.5 E(.)-.65 E .108(All options can be speci\214ed on the command line using the \255O or \255o \215ag, b) +102 228.6 R .109(ut most will cause)-.2 F F2(send-)2.609 E(mail)102 +240.6 Q F1 1.135(to relinquish its setuid permissions.)3.635 F 1.135 +(The options that will not cause this are MinFreeBlocks)6.135 F .513 +([b], Deli)102 252.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .513 +(ryMode [d], ErrorMode [e], IgnoreDots [i], LogLe).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G +3.014(l[).15 G .514(L], MeT)-3.014 F .514(oo [m], OldStyleHeaders)-.8 F +.53([o], Pri)102 264.6 R -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G .53 +(Options [p], T).15 F .53(imeouts [r], SuperSafe [s], V)-.35 F .53 +(erbose [v], CheckpointInterv)-1.11 F .53(al [C], and Se)-.25 F(v-)-.25 +E(enBitInput [7].)102 276.6 Q(Also, M \(de\214ne macro\) when de\214ning the r or s macros is also considered \231safe\232.) +5 E F0 2.5(5.7. P)87 300.6 R 2.5<8a50>2.5 G -.18(re)-2.5 G +(cedence De\214nitions).18 E F1 -1.11(Va)127 316.8 S .164 +(lues for the \231Precedence:\232 \214eld may be de\214ned using the) +1.11 F F0(P)2.664 E F1 .164(control line.)2.664 F .164 +(The syntax of this)5.164 F(\214eld is:)102 328.8 Q F0(P)142 345 Q F2 +(name)A F0(=)A F2(num)A F1 .384(When the)102 361.2 R F2(name)2.884 E F1 +.384 +(is found in a \231Precedence:\232 \214eld, the message class is set to) +2.884 F F2(num)2.883 E F1 5.383(.H)C .383(igher numbers)-5.383 F .85 +(mean higher precedence.)102 373.2 R .85(Numbers less than zero ha)5.85 +F 1.15 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .85(he special property that if an error occurs) +.15 F 1.551(during processing the body of the message will not be returned; this is e) +102 385.2 R 1.551(xpected to be used for)-.15 F<9962>102 397.2 Q .461 +(ulk\232 mail such as through mailing lists.)-.2 F .461(The def)5.461 F +.461(ault precedence is zero.)-.1 F -.15(Fo)5.461 G 2.962(re).15 G .462 +(xample, our list of)-3.112 F(precedences is:)102 409.2 Q +(P\214rst-class=0)142 425.4 Q(Pspecial-deli)142 437.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G +(ry=100).15 E(Plist=\25530)142 449.4 Q(Pb)142 461.4 Q(ulk=\25560)-.2 E +(Pjunk=\255100)142 473.4 Q 1.059(People writing mailing list e)102 489.6 +R 1.058(xploders are encouraged to use \231Precedence: list\232.)-.15 F +1.058(Older v)6.058 F 1.058(ersions of)-.15 F F2(sendmail)102 501.6 Q F1 +1.19(\(which discarded all error returns for ne)3.69 F -.05(ga)-.15 G +(ti).05 E 1.49 -.15(ve p)-.25 H 1.19(recedences\) didn').15 F 3.69(tr) +-.18 G 1.19(ecognize this name,)-3.69 F(gi)102 513.6 Q .599 +(ving it a def)-.25 F .598(ault precedence of zero.)-.1 F .598 +(This allo)5.598 F .598 +(ws list maintainers to see error returns on both old)-.25 F(and ne)102 +525.6 Q 2.5(wv)-.25 G(ersions of)-2.65 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(.)A F0 2.5 +(5.8. V)87 549.6 R 2.5<8a43>2.5 G(on\214guration V)-2.5 E(ersion Le)-1 E +-.1(ve)-.15 G(l).1 E F1 3.181 -.8(To p)127 565.8 T(ro).8 E 1.581 +(vide compatibility with old con\214guration \214les, the)-.15 F F0(V) +4.081 E F1 1.582(line has been added to de\214ne)4.082 F 1.11(some v)102 +577.8 R 1.11(ery basic semantics of the con\214guration \214le.)-.15 F +1.11(These are not intended to be long term sup-)6.11 F .033 +(ports; rather)102 589.8 R 2.533(,t)-.4 G(he)-2.533 E 2.533(yd)-.15 G +.033(escribe compatibility features which will probably be remo)-2.533 F +-.15(ve)-.15 G 2.533(di).15 G 2.533(nf)-2.533 G .034(uture releases.) +-2.533 F F0(N.B.:)127 606 Q F1 .197(these v)2.697 F(ersion)-.15 E F2(le) +2.697 E(vels)-.15 E F1(ha)2.697 E .496 -.15(ve n)-.2 H .196 +(othing to do with the v).15 F(ersion)-.15 E F2(number)2.696 E F1 .196 +(on the \214les.)2.696 F -.15(Fo)5.196 G 2.696(re).15 G(xam-)-2.846 E +(ple, as of this writing v)102 618 Q +(ersion 8 con\214g \214les \(speci\214cally)-.15 E 2.5(,8)-.65 G +(.7\) used v)-2.5 E(ersion le)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l6c).15 G +(on\214gurations.)-2.5 E 1.102 +(\231Old\232 con\214guration \214les are de\214ned as v)127 634.2 R +1.102(ersion le)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.602(lo).15 G 3.602(ne. V)-3.602 +F 1.102(ersion le)-1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.602(lt).15 G 1.302 -.1 +(wo \214)-3.602 H 1.103(les mak).1 F 3.603(et)-.1 G(he)-3.603 E(follo) +102 646.2 Q(wing changes:)-.25 E 12.5(\(1\) Host)107 662.4 R .727(name canoni\214cation \($[ ... $]\) appends a dot if the name is recognized; this gi) +3.227 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.226(st).15 G(he)-3.226 E 1.974 +(con\214g \214le a w)133.66 674.4 R 1.974(ay of \214nding out if an)-.1 +F 1.974(ything matched.)-.15 F(\(Actually)6.974 E 4.475(,t)-.65 G 1.975 +(his just initializes the)-4.475 F .739 +(\231host\232 map with the \231\255a.)133.66 686.4 R 5.739<9a8d>-.7 G +.739(ag \212 you can reset it to an)-5.739 F .738 +(ything you prefer by declaring the)-.15 F(map e)133.66 698.4 Q +(xplicitly)-.15 E(.\))-.65 E EP +%%Page: 52 48 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-52 Sendmail)72 60 R +(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 12.5 +(\(2\) Def)107 96 R .384(ault host name e)-.1 F .385 +(xtension is consistent throughout processing; v)-.15 F .385(ersion le) +-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.885(lo).15 G .385(ne con\214gu-)-2.885 F .83 +(rations turned of)133.66 108 R 3.33(fd)-.25 G .83(omain e)-3.33 F .83 +(xtension \(that is, adding the local domain name\) during certain)-.15 +F .4(points in processing.)133.66 120 R -1.11(Ve)5.4 G .4(rsion le)1.11 +F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.9(lt).15 G .6 -.1(wo c)-2.9 H .4 +(on\214gurations are e).1 F .4(xpected to include a trailing dot)-.15 F +(to indicate that the name is already canonical.)133.66 132 Q 12.5 +(\(3\) Local)107 148.2 R .072 +(names that are not aliases are passed through a ne)2.572 F 2.572(wd) +-.25 G .072(istinguished ruleset \214v)-2.572 F .072(e; this can)-.15 F +1.426(be used to append a local relay)133.66 160.2 R 6.426(.T)-.65 G +1.426(his beha)-6.426 F 1.426(viour can be pre)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G +1.426(nted by resolving the local).15 F .209(name with an initial `@'.) +133.66 172.2 R .209(That is, something that resolv)5.209 F .209 +(es to a local mailer and a user name)-.15 F 1.072 +(of \231vikki\232 will be passed through ruleset \214v)133.66 184.2 R +1.072(e, b)-.15 F 1.073(ut a user name of \231@vikki\232 will ha)-.2 F +1.373 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E .417 +(`@' stripped, will not be passed through ruleset \214v)133.66 196.2 R +.417(e, b)-.15 F .416(ut will otherwise be treated the same)-.2 F 1.702 +(as the prior e)133.66 208.2 R 4.202(xample. The)-.15 F -.15(ex)4.202 G +1.703(pectation is that this might be used to implement a polic).15 F(y) +-.15 E .136(where mail sent to \231vikki\232 w)133.66 220.2 R .135 +(as handled by a central hub, b)-.1 F .135 +(ut mail sent to \231vikki@localhost\232)-.2 F -.1(wa)133.66 232.2 S 2.5 +(sd).1 G(eli)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(red directly).15 E(.)-.65 E -1.11(Ve) +127 248.4 S 1.382(rsion le)1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.882(lt).15 G 1.382 +(hree \214les allo)-3.882 F 3.882(w#i)-.25 G 1.382 +(nitiated comments on all lines.)-3.882 F 1.383 +(Exceptions are backslash)6.383 F(escaped # marks and the $# syntax.)102 +260.4 Q -1.11(Ve)127 276.6 S 1.208(rsion le)1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.708 +(lf).15 G 1.208(our con\214gurations are completely equi)-3.708 F -.25 +(va)-.25 G 1.207(lent to le).25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.707(lt).15 G 1.207 +(hree for historical rea-)-3.707 F(sons.)102 288.6 Q -1.11(Ve)127 304.8 +S 1.234(rsion le)1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.734<6c8c>.15 G 1.534 -.15(ve c) +-3.734 H 1.234(on\214guration \214les change the def).15 F 1.234 +(ault de\214nition of)-.1 F F0($w)3.734 E F1 1.234 +(to be just the \214rst)3.734 F(component of the hostname.)102 316.8 Q +-1.11(Ve)127 333 S 1.589(rsion le)1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.089(ls).15 G +1.589(ix con\214guration \214les change man)-4.089 F 4.088(yo)-.15 G +4.088(ft)-4.088 G 1.588(he local processing options \(such as)-4.088 F +.48(aliasing and matching the be)102 345 R .481(ginning of the address for `|' characters\) to be mailer \215ags; this allo) +-.15 F(ws)-.25 E 1.345(\214ne-grained control o)102 357 R -.15(ve)-.15 G +3.845(rt).15 G 1.345(he special local processing.)-3.845 F(Le)6.345 E +-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.845(ls).15 G 1.344 +(ix con\214guration \214les may also use)-3.845 F 1.221 +(long option names.)102 369 R(The)6.221 E F0(ColonOkInAddr)3.721 E F1 +1.221(option \(to allo)3.721 F 3.722(wc)-.25 G 1.222 +(olons in the local-part of addresses\))-3.722 F(def)102 381 Q(aults)-.1 +E F0(on)3.44 E F1 .94(for lo)3.44 F .94(wer numbered con\214guration \214les; the con\214guration \214le requires some additional) +-.25 F(intelligence to properly handle the RFC 822 group construct.)102 +393 Q(The)127 409.2 Q F0(V)2.677 E F1 .177(line may ha)2.677 F .477 -.15 +(ve a)-.2 H 2.677(no).15 G(ptional)-2.677 E F0(/)2.677 E/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(vendor)A F1 .178 +(to indicate that this con\214guration \214le uses modi\214ca-)2.677 F +.865(tions speci\214c to a particular v)102 423.2 R(endor)-.15 E/F3 7 +/Times-Roman@0 SF(21)-4 I F1 5.866(.Y)4 K .866(ou may use \231/Berk) +-6.966 F(ele)-.1 E .866(y\232 to emphasize that this con\214gura-)-.15 F +(tion \214le uses the Berk)102 435.2 Q(ele)-.1 E 2.5(yd)-.15 G +(ialect of)-2.5 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(.)A F0 2.5(5.9. K)87 459.2 R 2.5 +<8a4b>2.5 G(ey File Declaration)-2.75 E F1 +(Special maps can be de\214ned using the line:)127 475.4 Q +(Kmapname mapclass ar)142 491.6 Q(guments)-.18 E(The)102 507.8 Q F2 +(mapname)2.751 E F1 .251 +(is the handle by which this map is referenced in the re)2.751 F .25 +(writing rules.)-.25 F(The)5.25 E F2(mapclass)2.75 E F1(is)2.75 E 1.889 +(the name of a type of map; these are compiled in to)102 519.8 R F2 +(sendmail)4.389 E F1 6.889(.T)C(he)-6.889 E F2(ar)4.389 E(guments)-.37 E +F1 1.889(are interpreted)4.389 F .791(depending on the class; typically) +102 531.8 R 3.291(,t)-.65 G .791(here w)-3.291 F .791 +(ould be a single ar)-.1 F .79(gument naming the \214le containing the) +-.18 F(map.)102 543.8 Q(Maps are referenced using the syntax:)127 560 Q +($\()142 576.2 Q F2(map k)2.5 E -.3(ey)-.1 G F1($@)2.8 E F2(ar)2.5 E +(guments)-.37 E F1($:)2.5 E F2(default)2.5 E F1($\))2.5 E .64 +(where either or both of the)102 592.4 R F2(ar)3.14 E(guments)-.37 E F1 +(or)3.141 E F2(default)3.141 E F1 .641(portion may be omitted.)3.141 F +(The)5.641 E F2 .641($@ ar)3.141 F(guments)-.37 E F1(may)3.141 E 1.277 +(appear more than once.)102 604.4 R 1.277(The indicated)6.277 F F2 -.1 +(ke)3.777 G(y)-.2 E F1(and)3.776 E F2(ar)3.776 E(guments)-.37 E F1 1.276 +(are passed to the appropriate mapping)3.776 F 3.253(function. If)102 +616.4 R .753(it returns a v)3.253 F .753(alue, it replaces the input.) +-.25 F .753(If it does not return a v)5.753 F .753(alue and the)-.25 F +F2(default)3.253 E F1(is)3.253 E(speci\214ed, the)102 628.4 Q F2 +(default)2.5 E F1(replaces the input.)2.5 E +(Otherwise, the input is unchanged.)5 E(The)127 644.6 Q F2(ar)4.064 E +(guments)-.37 E F1 1.564(are passed to the map for arbitrary use.)4.064 +F 1.563(Most map classes can interpolate)6.563 F .882(these ar)102 656.6 +R .882(guments into their v)-.18 F .882(alues using the syntax \231%) +-.25 F F2(n)A F1 3.382<9a28>C(where)-3.382 E F2(n)3.382 E F1 .883 +(is a digit\) to indicate the corre-)3.382 F(sponding)102 668.6 Q F2(ar) +2.5 E(gument)-.37 E F1 5(.A)C -.18(rg)-5 G +(ument \231%0\232 indicates the database k).18 E -.15(ey)-.1 G 5(.F)-.5 +G(or e)-5.15 E(xample, the rule)-.15 E .32 LW 76 678.2 72 678.2 DL 80 +678.2 76 678.2 DL 84 678.2 80 678.2 DL 88 678.2 84 678.2 DL 92 678.2 88 +678.2 DL 96 678.2 92 678.2 DL 100 678.2 96 678.2 DL 104 678.2 100 678.2 +DL 108 678.2 104 678.2 DL 112 678.2 108 678.2 DL 116 678.2 112 678.2 DL +120 678.2 116 678.2 DL 124 678.2 120 678.2 DL 128 678.2 124 678.2 DL 132 +678.2 128 678.2 DL 136 678.2 132 678.2 DL 140 678.2 136 678.2 DL 144 +678.2 140 678.2 DL 148 678.2 144 678.2 DL 152 678.2 148 678.2 DL 156 +678.2 152 678.2 DL 160 678.2 156 678.2 DL 164 678.2 160 678.2 DL 168 +678.2 164 678.2 DL 172 678.2 168 678.2 DL 176 678.2 172 678.2 DL 180 +678.2 176 678.2 DL 184 678.2 180 678.2 DL 188 678.2 184 678.2 DL 192 +678.2 188 678.2 DL 196 678.2 192 678.2 DL 200 678.2 196 678.2 DL 204 +678.2 200 678.2 DL 208 678.2 204 678.2 DL 212 678.2 208 678.2 DL 216 +678.2 212 678.2 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(21)93.6 688.6 Q/F5 8 +/Times-Roman@0 SF .214(And of course, v)3.2 J .214 +(endors are encouraged to add themselv)-.12 F .214 +(es to the list of recognized v)-.12 F .214 +(endors by editing the routine)-.12 F/F6 8/Times-Italic@0 SF(setvendor) +2.214 E F5(in)2.214 E F6(conf)72 701.4 Q(.c)-.12 E F5 4(.P)C +(lease send e-mail to sendmail@Sendmail.ORG to re)-4 E(gister your v) +-.12 E(endor dialect.)-.12 E EP +%%Page: 53 49 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q +(SMM:08-53)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(R$\255 ! $+)142 96 Q +($: $\(uucp $1 $@ $2 $: %1 @ %0 . UUCP $\))71.72 E 1.269(Looks up the UUCP name in a \(user de\214ned\) UUCP map; if not found it turns it into \231.UUCP\232) +102 112.2 R 2.5(form. The)102 124.2 R +(database might contain records lik)2.5 E(e:)-.1 E(decv)142 140.4 Q +77.43(ax %1@%0.DEC.COM)-.25 F 72.19(research %1@%0.A)142 152.4 R(TT) +-1.11 E(.COM)-.74 E(Note that)102 168.6 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF +(default)2.5 E F1(clauses ne)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rd).15 G 2.5(ot) +-2.5 G(his mapping.)-2.5 E .741(The b)127 184.8 R .741(uilt in map with both name and class \231host\232 is the host name canonicalization lookup.) +-.2 F(Thus, the syntax:)102 196.8 Q($\(host)142 213 Q F2(hostname)2.5 E +F1($\))A(is equi)102 229.2 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to:).25 E($[)142 245.4 +Q F2(hostname)A F1($])A(There are man)127 265.8 Q 2.5(yd)-.15 G +(e\214ned classes.)-2.5 E 51.72(dbm Database)102 282 R 1.623 +(lookups using the ndbm\(3\) library)4.123 F(.)-.65 E F2(Sendmail)6.623 +E F1 1.623(must be compiled with)4.123 F F0(NDBM)174 294 Q F1 +(de\214ned.)2.5 E 49.51(btree Database)102 310.2 R 1.284 +(lookups using the btree interf)3.784 F 1.285(ace to the Berk)-.1 F(ele) +-.1 E 3.785(yd)-.15 G 1.285(b\(3\) library)-3.785 F(.)-.65 E F2(Send-) +6.285 E(mail)174 322.2 Q F1(must be compiled with)2.5 E F0(NEWDB)2.5 E +F1(de\214ned.)2.5 E 51.17(hash Database)102 338.4 R .122 +(lookups using the hash interf)2.622 F .122(ace to the Berk)-.1 F(ele) +-.1 E 2.622(yd)-.15 G .121(b\(3\) library)-2.622 F(.)-.65 E F2(Sendmail) +5.121 E F1(must be compiled with)174 350.4 Q F0(NEWDB)2.5 E F1 +(de\214ned.)2.5 E 57.83(nis NIS)102 366.6 R(lookups.)2.5 E F2(Sendmail)5 +E F1(must be compiled with)2.5 E F0(NIS)2.5 E F1(de\214ned.)2.5 E 41.16 +(nisplus NIS+)102 382.8 R(lookups.)3.733 E F2(Sendmail)6.233 E F1 1.233 +(must be compiled with)3.733 F F0(NISPLUS)3.733 E F1 3.733 +(de\214ned. The)3.733 F(ar)3.733 E(gu-)-.18 E .495 +(ment is the name of the table to use for lookups, and the)174 394.8 R +F0<ad6b>2.995 E F1(and)2.995 E F0<ad76>2.995 E F1 .495(\215ags may be) +2.995 F(used to set the k)174 406.8 Q .3 -.15(ey a)-.1 H(nd v).15 E +(alue columns respecti)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E(.)-.65 E 43.39 +(hesiod Hesiod)102 423 R(lookups.)2.5 E F2(Sendmail)5 E F1 +(must be compiled with)2.5 E F0(HESIOD)2.5 E F1(de\214ned.)2.5 E 47.28 +(ldapx LD)102 439.2 R 1.783(AP X500 directory lookups.)-.4 F F2 +(Sendmail)6.783 E F1 1.784(must be compiled with)4.283 F F0(LD)4.284 E +(APMAP)-.35 E F1 2.966(de\214ned. The)174 451.2 R .466 +(map supports most of the standard ar)2.966 F .465 +(guments and most of the com-)-.18 F(mand line ar)174 463.2 Q +(guments of the)-.18 E F2(ldapsear)2.5 E -.15(ch)-.37 G F1(program.)2.65 +E 41.17(netinfo NeXT)102 479.4 R(NetInfo lookups.)2.5 E F2(Sendmail)5 E +F1(must be compiled with)2.5 E F0(NETINFO)2.5 E F1(de\214ned.)2.5 E(te) +102 495.6 Q 54.65(xt T)-.15 F -.15(ex)-.7 G 2.917<748c>.15 G .417 +(le lookups.)-2.917 F .417(The format of the te)5.417 F .418 +(xt \214le is de\214ned by the)-.15 F F0<ad6b>2.918 E F1(\(k)2.918 E +.718 -.15(ey \214)-.1 H .418(eld num-).15 F(ber\),)174 507.6 Q F0<ad76> +2.5 E F1(\(v)2.5 E(alue \214eld number\), and)-.25 E F0<ad7a>2.5 E F1 +(\(\214eld delimiter\) \215ags.)2.5 E 53.39(stab Internal)102 523.8 R +(symbol table lookups.)2.5 E(Used internally for aliasing.)5 E 38.38 +(implicit Really)102 540 R .546 +(should be called \231alias\232 \212 this is used to get the def)3.046 F +.546(ault lookups for alias)-.1 F(\214les, and is the def)174 552 Q +(ault if no class is speci\214ed for alias \214les.)-.1 E 52.84 +(user Looks)102 568.2 R .476(up users using)2.976 F F2 -.1(ge)2.976 G +(tpwnam).1 E F1 2.976(\(3\). The)B F0<ad76>2.976 E F1 .477 +(\215ag can be used to specify the name)2.976 F .142(of the \214eld to return \(although this is normally used only to check the e) +174 580.2 R .142(xistence of)-.15 F 2.5(au)174 592.2 S(ser\).)-2.5 E +52.83(host Canoni\214es)102 608.4 R .2(host domain names.)2.7 F(Gi)5.2 E +-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.7(nah).15 G .2(ost name it calls the name serv)-2.7 F +.2(er to \214nd)-.15 F(the canonical name for that host.)174 620.4 Q +32.85(sequence The)102 636.6 R(ar)3.35 E .849(guments on the `K' line are a list of maps; the resulting map searches the) +-.18 F(ar)174 648.6 Q .438 +(gument maps in order until it \214nds a match for the indicated k)-.18 +F -.15(ey)-.1 G 5.439(.F)-.5 G .439(or e)-5.589 F(xample,)-.15 E +(if the k)174 660.6 Q .3 -.15(ey d)-.1 H(e\214nition is:).15 E +(Kmap1 ...)214 676.8 Q(Kmap2 ...)214 688.8 Q(Kseqmap sequence map1 map2) +214 700.8 Q .968(then a lookup ag)174 717 R .968 +(ainst \231seqmap\232 \214rst does a lookup in map1.)-.05 F .968 +(If that is found, it)5.968 F EP +%%Page: 54 50 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-54 Sendmail)72 60 R +(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF +(returns immediately)174 96 Q 5(.O)-.65 G(therwise, the same k)-5 E .3 +-.15(ey i)-.1 H 2.5(su).15 G(sed for map2.)-2.5 E 43.39(switch Much)102 +112.2 R(lik)2.8 E 2.8(et)-.1 G .3(he \231sequence\232 map e)-2.8 F .301 +(xcept that the order of maps is determined by the)-.15 F .392 +(service switch.)174 124.2 R .392(The ar)5.392 F .391 +(gument is the name of the service to be look)-.18 F .391(ed up; the v) +-.1 F(al-)-.25 E 1.492 +(ues from the service switch are appended to the map name to create ne) +174 136.2 R 3.993(wm)-.25 G(ap)-3.993 E 2.5(names. F)174 148.2 R(or e) +-.15 E(xample, consider the k)-.15 E .3 -.15(ey d)-.1 H(e\214nition:).15 +E(Kali switch aliases)214 164.4 Q +(together with the service switch entry:)174 180.6 Q 78.84(aliases nis) +214 196.8 R(\214les)2.5 E 1.633(This causes a query ag)174 213 R 1.633 +(ainst the map \231ali\232 to search maps named \231ali.nis\232 and)-.05 +F(\231ali.\214les\232 in that order)174 225 Q(.)-.55 E 37.84 +(dequote Strip)102 241.2 R .96(double quotes \("\) from a name.)3.46 F +.961(It does not strip backslashes, and will not)5.961 F .173 +(strip quotes if the resulting string w)174 253.2 R .172 +(ould contain unscannable syntax \(that is, basic)-.1 F .386(errors lik) +174 265.2 R 2.886(eu)-.1 G .386(nbalanced angle brack)-2.886 F .386 +(ets; more sophisticated errors such as unkno)-.1 F(wn)-.25 E .252 +(hosts are not check)174 277.2 R 2.752(ed\). The)-.1 F .251 +(intent is for use when trying to accept mail from sys-)2.752 F +(tems such as DECnet that routinely quote odd syntax such as)174 289.2 Q +("49ers::ubell")214 305.4 Q 2.5(At)174 321.6 S +(ypical usage is probably something lik)-2.5 E(e:)-.1 E +(Kdequote dequote)214 337.8 Q(...)214 361.8 Q 88.19(R$\255 $:)214 385.8 +R($\(dequote $1 $\))2.5 E(R$\255 $+)214 397.8 Q($: $>3 $1 $2)77.55 E +(Care must be tak)174 414 Q(en to pre)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt une).15 E +(xpected results; for e)-.15 E(xample,)-.15 E +("|someprogram < input > output")214 430.2 Q 1.31(will ha)174 446.4 R +1.61 -.15(ve q)-.2 H 1.31(uotes stripped, b).15 F 1.31 +(ut the result is probably not what you had in mind.)-.2 F -.15(Fo)174 +458.4 S(rtunately these cases are rare.).15 E .488 +(Most of these accept as ar)127 474.6 R .488 +(guments the same optional \215ags and a \214lename \(or a mapname for) +-.18 F .31(NIS; the \214lename is the root of the database path, so that \231.db\232 or some other e) +102 486.6 R .31(xtension appropriate)-.15 F +(for the database type will be added to get the actual database name\).) +102 498.6 Q(Kno)5 E(wn \215ags are:)-.25 E 58.86(\255o Indicates)102 +514.8 R 1.147(that this map is optional \212 that is, if it cannot be opened, no error is) +3.648 F(produced, and)174 526.8 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.5 E +F1(will beha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 2.5(si).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G +(he map e)-2.5 E(xisted b)-.15 E(ut w)-.2 E(as empty)-.1 E(.)-.65 E +(\255N, \255O)102 543 Q .696(If neither)41.28 F F0<ad4e>3.197 E F1(or) +3.197 E F0<ad4f>3.197 E F1 .697(are speci\214ed,)3.197 F F2(sendmail) +3.197 E F1 .697(uses an adapti)3.197 F .997 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .697 +(lgorithm to decide).15 F .108 +(whether or not to look for null bytes on the end of k)174 555 R -.15 +(ey)-.1 G 2.608(s. It).15 F .107(starts by trying both; if)2.608 F .819 +(it \214nds an)174 567 R 3.319(yk)-.15 G 1.119 -.15(ey w)-3.419 H .819 +(ith a null byte it ne).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.319(rt).15 G .82(ries ag) +-3.319 F .82(ain without a null byte and vice)-.05 F -.15(ve)174 579 S +2.828(rsa. If).15 F F0<ad4e>2.828 E F1 .328(is speci\214ed it ne)2.828 F +-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.828(rt).15 G .328(ries without a null byte and if) +-2.828 F F0<ad4f>2.827 E F1 .327(is speci\214ed it)2.827 F(ne)174 591 Q +-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.886(rt).15 G .386(ries with a null byte.)-2.886 F .386 +(Setting one of these can speed matches b)5.386 F .386(ut are ne)-.2 F +-.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E(necessary)174 603 Q 5.546(.I)-.65 G 3.046(fb) +-5.546 G(oth)-3.046 E F0<ad4e>3.046 E F1(and)3.046 E F0<ad4f>3.046 E F1 +.545(are speci\214ed,)3.045 F F2(sendmail)3.045 E F1 .545(will ne)3.045 +F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.045(rt).15 G .545(ry an)-3.045 F 3.045(ym)-.15 G +(atches)-3.045 E(at all \212 that is, e)174 615 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G +(rything will appear to f).15 E(ail.)-.1 E<ad61>102 631.2 Q F2(x)A F1 +1.356(Append the string)57.48 F F2(x)3.856 E F1 1.357 +(on successful matches.)3.856 F -.15(Fo)6.357 G 3.857(re).15 G 1.357 +(xample, the def)-4.007 F(ault)-.1 E F2(host)3.857 E F1(map)3.857 E +(appends a dot on successful matches.)174 643.2 Q 60.53(\255f Do)102 +659.4 R(not fold upper to lo)2.5 E(wer case before looking up the k)-.25 +E -.15(ey)-.1 G(.)-.5 E 56.08(\255m Match)102 675.6 R .4 +(only \(without replacing the v)2.9 F 2.899(alue\). If)-.25 F .399 +(you only care about the e)2.899 F .399(xistence of)-.15 F 7.306(ak)174 +687.6 S 5.107 -.15(ey a)-7.406 H 4.807(nd not the v).15 F 4.807 +(alue \(as you might when searching the NIS map)-.25 F 1.947 +(\231hosts.byname\232 for e)174 699.6 R 1.947(xample\), this \215ag pre) +-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.947(nts the map from substituting the).15 F -.25 +(va)174 711.6 S 2.849(lue. Ho).25 F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.149 -.4 +(r, T).15 H .349(he \255a ar).4 F .349 +(gument is still appended on a match, and the def)-.18 F .35(ault is)-.1 +F(still tak)174 723.6 Q(en if the match f)-.1 E(ails.)-.1 E EP +%%Page: 55 51 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q +(SMM:08-55)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF<ad6b>102 96 Q/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF -.1(ke)C(ycol)-.2 E F1 .52(The k)36.22 F .82 -.15 +(ey c)-.1 H .519(olumn name \(for NIS+\) or number \(for te).15 F .519 +(xt lookups\).)-.15 F -.15(Fo)5.519 G 3.019(rL).15 G -.4(DA)-3.019 G +3.019(Pm).4 G(aps)-3.019 E .312(this is a \214lter string passed to printf with a %s where the string to be \231mapped\232 is) +174 108 R(inserted.)174 120 Q<ad76>102 136.2 Q F2(valcol)A F1 1.929 +(The v)36.92 F 1.928(alue column name \(for NIS+\) or number \(for te) +-.25 F 1.928(xt lookups\).)-.15 F -.15(Fo)6.928 G 4.428(rL).15 G -.4(DA) +-4.428 G(P).4 E(maps this is the name of the attrib)174 148.2 Q +(ute to be returned.)-.2 E<ad7a>102 164.4 Q F2(delim)A F1 .218 +(The column delimiter \(for te)39.7 F .218(xt lookups\).)-.15 F .219 +(It can be a single character or one of the)5.219 F 1.826 +(special strings \231)174 176.4 R 1.826(\\n\232 or \231)1.666 F 1.826 +(\\t\232 to indicate ne)1.666 F 1.825(wline or tab respecti)-.25 F -.15 +(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 6.825(.I)-.65 G 4.325(fo)-6.825 G(mitted)-4.325 E +(entirely)174 188.4 Q 2.5(,t)-.65 G(he column separator is an)-2.5 E 2.5 +(ys)-.15 G(equence of whitespace.)-2.5 E 61.08(\255t Normally)102 204.6 +R 2.726(,w)-.65 G .226(hen a map attempts to do a lookup and the serv) +-2.726 F .227(er f)-.15 F .227(ails \(e.g.,)-.1 F F2(sendmail)2.727 E F1 +(couldn')174 216.6 Q 2.776(tc)-.18 G .276(ontact an)-2.776 F 2.776(yn) +-.15 G .276(ame serv)-2.776 F .276(er; this is)-.15 F F2(not)2.776 E F1 +.276(the same as an entry not being found)2.776 F .251(in the map\), the message being processed is queued for future processing.) +174 228.6 R(The)5.251 E F0<ad74>2.751 E F1 1.623(\215ag turns of)174 +240.6 R 4.123(ft)-.25 G 1.623(his beha)-4.123 F(viour)-.2 E 4.123(,l)-.4 +G 1.622(etting the temporary f)-4.123 F 1.622(ailure \(serv)-.1 F 1.622 +(er do)-.15 F 1.622(wn\) act as)-.25 F .675 +(though it were a permanent f)174 252.6 R .675 +(ailure \(entry not found\).)-.1 F .676(It is particularly useful for) +5.676 F .772(DNS lookups, where someone else')174 264.6 R 3.272(sm)-.55 +G .772(iscon\214gured name serv)-3.272 F .772(er can cause prob-)-.15 F +1.645(lems on your machine.)174 276.6 R(Ho)6.645 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve) +-.25 G 2.445 -.4(r, c).15 H 1.645(are must be tak).4 F 1.646 +(en to ensure that you don')-.1 F(t)-.18 E .263(bounce mail that w)174 +288.6 R .263(ould be resolv)-.1 F .262(ed correctly if you tried ag)-.15 +F 2.762(ain. A)-.05 F .262(common strat-)2.762 F -.15(eg)174 300.6 S 2.5 +(yi).15 G 2.5(st)-2.5 G 2.5(of)-2.5 G(orw)-2.5 E +(ard such mail to another)-.1 E 2.5(,p)-.4 G +(ossibly better connected, mail serv)-2.5 E(er)-.15 E(.)-.55 E<ad73>102 +316.8 Q F2(spacesub)A F1 -.15(Fo)25.81 G 3.1(rt).15 G .6 +(he dequote map only)-3.1 F 3.101(,t)-.65 G .601 +(he character to use to replace space characters after a)-3.101 F +(successful dequote.)174 328.8 Q(The)127 345 Q F2(dbm)3.356 E F1 .856 +(map appends the strings \231.pag\232 and \231.dir\232 to the gi)3.356 F +-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.356<6e8c>.15 G .856(lename; the tw)-3.356 F(o)-.1 E F2 +(db)3.356 E F1(-based)A(maps append \231.db\232.)102 357 Q -.15(Fo)5 G +2.5(re).15 G(xample, the map speci\214cation)-2.65 E -.15(Ku)142 373.2 S +(ucp dbm \255o \255N /usr/lib/uucpmap).15 E .21(speci\214es an optional map named \231uucp\232 of class \231dbm\232; it al) +102 389.4 R -.1(wa)-.1 G .21(ys has null bytes at the end of e).1 F -.15 +(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E +(string, and the data is located in /usr/lib/uucpmap.{dir)102 401.4 Q +(,pag}.)-.4 E 1.095(The program)127 417.6 R F2(mak)3.595 E(emap)-.1 E F1 +1.094(\(8\) can be used to b)B 1.094(uild an)-.2 F 3.594(yo)-.15 G 3.594 +(ft)-3.594 G 1.094(he three database-oriented maps.)-3.594 F(It)6.094 E +(tak)102 429.6 Q(es the follo)-.1 E(wing \215ags:)-.25 E 60.53(\255f Do) +102 445.8 R(not fold upper to lo)2.5 E(wer case in the map.)-.25 E 56.64 +(\255N Include)102 462 R(null bytes in k)2.5 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(s.).15 E +58.86(\255o Append)102 478.2 R(to an e)2.5 E(xisting \(old\) \214le.) +-.15 E 60.53(\255r Allo)102 494.4 R 3.668(wr)-.25 G 1.168 +(eplacement of e)-3.668 F 1.168(xisting k)-.15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 1.168 +(s; normally).15 F 3.668(,r)-.65 G 1.168(e-inserting an e)-3.668 F 1.168 +(xisting k)-.15 F 1.469 -.15(ey i)-.1 H 3.669(sa).15 G(n)-3.669 E(error) +174 506.4 Q(.)-.55 E 58.86(\255v Print)102 522.6 R(what is happening.) +2.5 E(The)102 538.8 Q F2(sendmail)3.606 E F1 1.106(daemon does not ha) +3.606 F 1.406 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 3.606(ob).15 G 3.606(er)-3.606 G 1.106 +(estarted to read the ne)-3.606 F 3.605(wm)-.25 G 1.105 +(aps as long as you change)-3.605 F +(them in place; \214le locking is used so that the maps w)102 552.8 Q +(on')-.1 E 2.5(tb)-.18 G 2.5(er)-2.5 G(ead while the)-2.5 E 2.5(ya)-.15 +G(re being updated.)-2.5 E/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(22)-4 I F1(Ne)127 569 Q +2.5(wc)-.25 G(lasses can be added in the routine)-2.5 E F0(setupmaps)2.5 +E F1(in \214le)2.5 E F0(conf)2.5 E(.c)-.15 E F1(.)A F0 2.5(5.10. The)87 +593 R(User Database)2.5 E F1 .109(If you ha)127 609.2 R .409 -.15 +(ve a ve)-.2 H .109(rsion of).15 F F2(sendmail)2.609 E F1 .109 +(with the user database package compiled in, the handling of)2.609 F +(sender and recipient addresses is modi\214ed.)102 621.2 Q +(The location of this database is controlled with the)127 637.4 Q F0 +(UserDatabaseSpec)2.5 E F1(option.)2.5 E .32 LW 76 669.2 72 669.2 DL 80 +669.2 76 669.2 DL 84 669.2 80 669.2 DL 88 669.2 84 669.2 DL 92 669.2 88 +669.2 DL 96 669.2 92 669.2 DL 100 669.2 96 669.2 DL 104 669.2 100 669.2 +DL 108 669.2 104 669.2 DL 112 669.2 108 669.2 DL 116 669.2 112 669.2 DL +120 669.2 116 669.2 DL 124 669.2 120 669.2 DL 128 669.2 124 669.2 DL 132 +669.2 128 669.2 DL 136 669.2 132 669.2 DL 140 669.2 136 669.2 DL 144 +669.2 140 669.2 DL 148 669.2 144 669.2 DL 152 669.2 148 669.2 DL 156 +669.2 152 669.2 DL 160 669.2 156 669.2 DL 164 669.2 160 669.2 DL 168 +669.2 164 669.2 DL 172 669.2 168 669.2 DL 176 669.2 172 669.2 DL 180 +669.2 176 669.2 DL 184 669.2 180 669.2 DL 188 669.2 184 669.2 DL 192 +669.2 188 669.2 DL 196 669.2 192 669.2 DL 200 669.2 196 669.2 DL 204 +669.2 200 669.2 DL 208 669.2 204 669.2 DL 212 669.2 208 669.2 DL 216 +669.2 212 669.2 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(22)93.6 679.6 Q/F5 8 +/Times-Roman@0 SF .465(That is, don')3.2 J 2.465(tc)-.144 G .465 +(reate ne)-2.465 F 2.465(wm)-.2 G .466(aps and then use)-2.465 F/F6 8 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(mv)2.466 E F5 .466(\(1\) to mo)B .706 -.12(ve t)-.12 +H .466(hem into place.).12 F .466 +(Since the maps are already open the ne)4.466 F 2.466(wm)-.2 G(aps) +-2.466 E(will ne)72 692.4 Q -.12(ve)-.2 G 2(rb).12 G 2(es)-2 G(een.)-2 E +EP +%%Page: 56 52 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-56 Sendmail)72 60 R +(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(5.10.1. Structur)102 96 R +2.5(eo)-.18 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he user database)-2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 +SF(The database is a sorted \(BT)142 112.2 Q(ree-based\) structure.)-.35 +E(User records are stored with the k)5 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(:).15 E/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(user)157 128.4 Q(-name)-.2 E F0(:)A F2(\214eld-name)A +F1 .128(The sorted database format ensures that user records are clustered together) +117 144.6 R 5.129(.M)-.55 G .129(eta-information is)-5.129 F(al)117 +156.6 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys stored with a leading colon.).1 E +(Field names de\214ne both the syntax and semantics of the v)142 172.8 Q +2.5(alue. De\214ned)-.25 F(\214elds include:)2.5 E 33.39(maildrop The) +117 189 R(deli)4.873 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.373(ry address for this user).15 +F 7.373(.T)-.55 G 2.372(here may be multiple v)-7.373 F 2.372 +(alues of this)-.25 F 2.675(record. In)189 201 R(particular)2.675 E +2.675(,m)-.4 G .175(ailing lists will ha)-2.675 F .475 -.15(ve o)-.2 H +(ne).15 E F2(maildr)2.675 E(op)-.45 E F1 .175(record for each user)2.675 +F(on the list.)189 213 Q 30.06(mailname The)117 229.2 R 1.027 +(outgoing mailname for this user)3.527 F 6.026(.F)-.55 G 1.026 +(or each outgoing name, there should)-6.176 F .08(be an appropriate)189 +241.2 R F2(maildr)2.58 E(op)-.45 E F1 .08(record for that name to allo) +2.58 F 2.58(wr)-.25 G .08(eturn mail.)-2.58 F .08(See also)5.08 F F2 +(:default:mailname)189 253.2 Q F1(.)A 25.62(mailsender Changes)117 269.4 +R(an)3.448 E 3.448(ym)-.15 G .948(ail sent to this address to ha)-3.448 +F 1.247 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .947(he indicated en).15 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .947 +(lope sender).15 F(.)-.55 E .498(This is intended for mailing lists, and will normally be the name of an appro-) +189 281.4 R .755(priate -request address.)189 293.4 R .755(It is v)5.755 +F .755(ery similar to the o)-.15 F(wner)-.25 E(-)-.2 E F2(list)A F1 .754 +(syntax in the alias)3.254 F(\214le.)189 305.4 Q 33.95(fullname The)117 +321.6 R(full name of the user)2.5 E(.)-.55 E(of)117 337.8 Q 13.66 +(\214ce-address The)-.25 F(of)2.5 E(\214ce address for this user)-.25 E +(.)-.55 E(of)117 354 Q 19.21(\214ce-phone The)-.25 F(of)2.5 E +(\214ce phone number for this user)-.25 E(.)-.55 E(of)117 370.2 Q +(\214ce-f)-.25 E 30.98(ax The)-.1 F(of)2.5 E(\214ce F)-.25 E +(AX number for this user)-.74 E(.)-.55 E 13.96(home-address The)117 +386.4 R(home address for this user)2.5 E(.)-.55 E 19.51(home-phone The) +117 402.6 R(home phone number for this user)2.5 E(.)-.55 E(home-f)117 +418.8 Q 31.28(ax The)-.1 F(home F)2.5 E(AX number for this user)-.74 E +(.)-.55 E 41.73(project A)117 435 R .855 +(\(short\) description of the project this person is af)3.355 F .856 +(\214liated with.)-.25 F .856(In the Uni-)5.856 F -.15(ve)189 447 S +(rsity this is often just the name of their graduate advisor).15 E(.) +-.55 E 52.28(plan A)117 463.2 R +(pointer to a \214le from which plan information can be g)2.5 E +(athered.)-.05 E .925(As of this writing, only a fe)142 479.4 R 3.424 +(wo)-.25 G 3.424(ft)-3.424 G .924 +(hese \214elds are actually being used by)-3.424 F F2(sendmail)3.424 E +F1(:)A F2(mail-)3.424 E(dr)117 491.4 Q(op)-.45 E F1(and)2.5 E F2 +(mailname)2.5 E F1 5(.A)C F2(\214ng)-2.5 E(er)-.1 E F1 +(program that uses the other \214elds is planned.)2.5 E F0 2.5 +(5.10.2. User)102 515.4 R(database semantics)2.5 E F1 .995(When the re) +142 531.6 R .995(writing rules submit an address to the local mailer) +-.25 F 3.496(,t)-.4 G .996(he user name is passed)-3.496 F .781 +(through the alias \214le.)117 543.6 R .78(If no alias is found \(or if the alias points back to the same address\), the) +5.781 F 1.777 +(name \(with \231:maildrop\232 appended\) is then used as a k)117 555.6 +R 2.078 -.15(ey i)-.1 H 4.278(nt).15 G 1.778(he user database.)-4.278 F +1.778(If no match)6.778 F +(occurs \(or if the maildrop points at the same address\), forw)117 +567.6 Q(arding is tried.)-.1 E .551(If the \214rst tok)142 583.8 R .55(en of the user name returned by ruleset 0 is an \231@\232 sign, the user database) +-.1 F .625(lookup is skipped.)117 595.8 R .625 +(The intent is that the user database will act as a set of def)5.625 F +.626(aults for a cluster)-.1 F 1.533 +(\(in our case, the Computer Science Di)117 607.8 R 1.533 +(vision\); mail sent to a speci\214c machine should ignore)-.25 F +(these def)117 619.8 Q(aults.)-.1 E .351 +(When mail is sent, the name of the sending user is look)142 636 R .351 +(ed up in the database.)-.1 F .352(If that user)5.351 F .041 +(has a \231mailname\232 record, the v)117 648 R .041 +(alue of that record is used as their outgoing name.)-.25 F -.15(Fo)5.04 +G 2.54(re).15 G .04(xample, I)-2.69 F(might ha)117 660 Q .3 -.15(ve a r) +-.2 H(ecord:).15 E 48.29(eric:mailname Eric.Allman@CS.Berk)157 676.2 R +(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E(This w)117 692.4 Q +(ould cause my outgoing mail to be sent as Eric.Allman.)-.1 E .519 +(If a \231maildrop\232 is found for the user)142 708.6 R 3.019(,b)-.4 G +.52(ut no corresponding \231mailname\232 record e)-3.219 F .52 +(xists, the)-.15 F 1.128(record \231:def)117 720.6 R 1.128 +(ault:mailname\232 is consulted.)-.1 F 1.127 +(If present, this is the name of a host to o)6.128 F -.15(ve)-.15 G +1.127(rride the).15 F EP +%%Page: 57 53 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q +(SMM:08-57)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .625(local host.)117 96 R +-.15(Fo)5.625 G 3.125(re).15 G .625(xample, in our case we w)-3.275 F +.625(ould set it to \231CS.Berk)-.1 F(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G 3.125 +(EDU\232. The).65 F(ef)3.125 E .625(fect is that)-.25 F(an)117 108 Q +.882(yone kno)-.15 F .882(wn in the database gets their outgoing mail stamped as \231user@CS.Berk) +-.25 F(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU\232,).65 E -.2(bu)117 120 S 2.5(tp) +.2 G(eople not listed in the database use the local hostname.)-2.5 E F0 +2.5(5.10.3. Cr)102 146 R(eating the database)-.18 E/F2 7/Times-Bold@0 SF +(23)-4 I F1 .375(The user database is b)142 162.2 R .375(uilt from a te) +-.2 F .375(xt \214le using the)-.15 F/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(mak)2.875 +E(emap)-.1 E F1 .375(utility \(in the distrib)2.875 F .375(ution in)-.2 +F 1.038(the mak)117 174.2 R 1.038(emap subdirectory\).)-.1 F 1.038 +(The te)6.038 F 1.039 +(xt \214le is a series of lines corresponding to userdb records;)-.15 F +1.589(each line has a k)117 186.2 R 1.889 -.15(ey a)-.1 H 1.589(nd a v) +.15 F 1.589(alue separated by white space.)-.25 F 1.589(The k)6.589 F +1.889 -.15(ey i)-.1 H 4.089(sa).15 G -.1(lwa)-4.089 G 1.588 +(ys in the format).1 F(described abo)117 198.2 Q .3 -.15(ve \212 f)-.15 +H(or e).15 E(xample:)-.15 E(eric:maildrop)157 214.4 Q .447 +(This \214le is normally installed in a system directory; for e)117 +230.6 R .448(xample, it might be called)-.15 F F3(/etc/user)2.948 E(db) +-.37 E F1(.)A 1.6 -.8(To m)117 242.6 T(ak).8 E 2.5(et)-.1 G +(he database v)-2.5 E(ersion of the map, run the program:)-.15 E(mak)157 +258.8 Q(emap btree /etc/userdb)-.1 E(.db < /etc/userdb)-.4 E .077 +(Then create a con\214g \214le that uses this.)117 275 R -.15(Fo)5.077 G +2.577(re).15 G .077 +(xample, using the V8 M4 con\214guration, include the)-2.727 F(follo)117 +287 Q(wing line in your .mc \214le:)-.25 E +(de\214ne\(\222confUSERDB_SPEC\264, /etc/userdb)157 303.2 Q(.db\))-.4 E +F0 2.5(6. O)72 331.4 R(THER CONFIGURA)-.4 E(TION)-.95 E F1 .907 +(There are some con\214guration changes that can be made by recompiling) +112 347.6 R F3(sendmail)3.407 E F1 5.907(.T)C .907(his section)-5.907 F +1.139(describes what changes can be made and what has to be modi\214ed to mak) +87 359.6 R 3.639(et)-.1 G 3.639(hem. In)-3.639 F 1.138(most cases this) +3.639 F(should be unnecessary unless you are porting)87 371.6 Q F3 +(sendmail)2.5 E F1(to a ne)2.5 E 2.5(we)-.25 G -.4(nv)-2.5 G(ironment.) +.4 E F0 2.5(6.1. P)87 395.6 R(arameters in sr)-.1 E(c/Mak)-.18 E +(e\214le)-.1 E F1 .92 +(These parameters are intended to describe the compilation en)127 411.8 +R .92(vironment, not site polic)-.4 F 2.22 -.65(y, a)-.15 H(nd).65 E +(should normally be de\214ned in src/Mak)102 423.8 Q(e\214le.)-.1 E 39.5 +(NDBM If)102 440 R .665(set, the ne)3.165 F 3.165(wv)-.25 G .664 +(ersion of the DBM library that allo)-3.315 F .664 +(ws multiple databases will be)-.25 F 2.542(used. If)174 452 R .042 +(neither NDBM nor NEWDB are set, a much less ef)2.542 F .043 +(\214cient method of alias)-.25 F(lookup is used.)174 464 Q 32.84 +(NEWDB If)102 480.2 R .142(set, use the ne)2.642 F 2.642(wd)-.25 G .142 +(atabase package from Berk)-2.642 F(ele)-.1 E 2.641(y\()-.15 G .141 +(from 4.4BSD\).)-2.641 F .141(This package)5.141 F .266 +(is substantially f)174 492.2 R .267(aster than DBM or NDBM.)-.1 F .267 +(If NEWDB and NDBM are both set,)5.267 F F3(sendmail)174 504.2 Q F1 +(will read DBM \214les, b)2.5 E(ut will create and use NEWDB \214les.) +-.2 E 53.39(NIS Include)102 520.4 R .12(support for NIS.)2.62 F .119 +(If set together with)5.119 F F3(both)2.619 E F1 .119(NEWDB and NDBM,) +2.619 F F3(sendmail)2.619 E F1 .947(will create both DBM and NEWDB \214les if and only if an alias \214le includes the) +174 532.4 R 3.409(substring \231/yp/\232 in the name.)174 544.4 R 3.409 +(This is intended for compatibility with Sun)8.409 F(Microsystems')174 +556.4 Q F3(mkalias)2.5 E F1(program used on YP masters.)2.5 E 28.94 +(NISPLUS Compile)102 572.6 R(in support for NIS+.)2.5 E 26.73 +(NETINFO Compile)102 588.8 R(in support for NetInfo \(NeXT stations\).) +2.5 E(LD)102 605 Q 22.12(APMAP Compile)-.4 F 1.225(in support for LD) +3.725 F 1.225(AP X500 queries.)-.4 F 1.226 +(Requires libldap and liblber from)6.226 F(the Umich LD)174 617 Q +(AP 3.2 or 3.3 release.)-.4 E 32.84(HESIOD Compile)102 633.2 R +(in support for Hesiod.)2.5 E(_P)102 649.4 Q -1.11(AT)-.92 G +(H_SENDMAILCF)1.11 E(The pathname of the sendmail.cf \214le.)174 661.4 Q +.32 LW 76 671 72 671 DL 80 671 76 671 DL 84 671 80 671 DL 88 671 84 671 +DL 92 671 88 671 DL 96 671 92 671 DL 100 671 96 671 DL 104 671 100 671 +DL 108 671 104 671 DL 112 671 108 671 DL 116 671 112 671 DL 120 671 116 +671 DL 124 671 120 671 DL 128 671 124 671 DL 132 671 128 671 DL 136 671 +132 671 DL 140 671 136 671 DL 144 671 140 671 DL 148 671 144 671 DL 152 +671 148 671 DL 156 671 152 671 DL 160 671 156 671 DL 164 671 160 671 DL +168 671 164 671 DL 172 671 168 671 DL 176 671 172 671 DL 180 671 176 671 +DL 184 671 180 671 DL 188 671 184 671 DL 192 671 188 671 DL 196 671 192 +671 DL 200 671 196 671 DL 204 671 200 671 DL 208 671 204 671 DL 212 671 +208 671 DL 216 671 212 671 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(23)93.6 681.4 Q/F5 8 +/Times-Roman@0 SF .288(These instructions are kno)3.2 J .289 +(wn to be incomplete.)-.2 F 2.289(Af)4.289 G .289(uture v)-2.289 F .289 +(ersion of the user database is planned including things such as \214n-) +-.12 F(ger service \212 and good documentation.)72 694.2 Q EP +%%Page: 58 54 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-58 Sendmail)72 60 R +(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(_P)102 96 +Q -1.11(AT)-.92 G(H_SENDMAILPID)1.11 E +(The pathname of the sendmail.pid \214le.)174 108 Q 1.44 +(There are also se)127 124.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.439 +(ral compilation \215ags to indicate the en).15 F 1.439 +(vironment such as \231_AIX3\232 and)-.4 F 2.5(\231_SCO_unix_\232. See) +102 136.2 R(the READ_ME \214le for the latest scoop on these \215ags.) +2.5 E F0 2.5(6.2. P)87 160.2 R(arameters in sr)-.1 E(c/conf)-.18 E(.h) +-.15 E F1 -.15(Pa)127 176.4 S .895 +(rameters and compilation options are de\214ned in conf.h.).15 F .896 +(Most of these need not normally)5.895 F .193(be tweak)102 188.4 R .192 +(ed; common parameters are all in sendmail.cf.)-.1 F(Ho)5.192 E(we)-.25 +E -.15(ve)-.25 G .992 -.4(r, t).15 H .192(he sizes of certain primiti).4 +F .492 -.15(ve ve)-.25 H(c-).15 E +(tors, etc., are included in this \214le.)102 200.4 Q(The numbers follo) +5 E(wing the parameters are their def)-.25 E(ault v)-.1 E(alue.)-.25 E +1.247(This document is not the best source of information for compilation \215ags in conf.h \212 see) +127 216.6 R(src/READ_ME or src/conf.h itself.)102 228.6 Q +(MAXLINE [2048])102 244.8 Q 2.069(The maximum line length of an)11.14 F +4.568(yi)-.15 G 2.068(nput line.)-4.568 F 2.068(If message lines e)7.068 +F 2.068(xceed this)-.15 F .575(length the)188.4 256.8 R 3.075(yw)-.15 G +.575(ill still be processed correctly; ho)-3.075 F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve) +-.25 G 1.375 -.4(r, h).15 H .575(eader lines, con\214gura-).4 F +(tion \214le lines, alias lines, etc., must \214t within this limit.) +188.4 268.8 Q(MAXN)102 285 Q(AME [256])-.35 E(The maximum length of an) +9.82 E 2.5(yn)-.15 G(ame, such as a host or a user name.)-2.5 E +(MAXPV [40])102 301.2 Q .25(The maximum number of parameters to an)31.13 +F 2.75(ym)-.15 G(ailer)-2.75 E 5.25(.T)-.55 G .25 +(his limits the number of)-5.25 F .375 +(recipients that may be passed in one transaction.)188.4 313.2 R .376 +(It can be set to an)5.376 F 2.876(ya)-.15 G(rbitrary)-2.876 E .876 +(number abo)188.4 325.2 R 1.176 -.15(ve a)-.15 H .876(bout 10, since).15 +F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.376 E F1 .876(will break up a deli) +3.376 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .875(ry into smaller).15 F .886 +(batches as needed.)188.4 337.2 R 3.386(Ah)5.886 G .887 +(igher number may reduce load on your system, ho)-3.386 F(w-)-.25 E +-2.15 -.25(ev e)188.4 349.2 T -.55(r.).25 G(MAXA)102 365.4 Q -.18(TO) +-1.11 G 2.5(M[).18 G 8.26(100] The)-2.5 F .064 +(maximum number of atoms \(tok)2.564 F .063(ens\) in a single address.) +-.1 F -.15(Fo)5.063 G 2.563(re).15 G .063(xample, the)-2.713 F +(address \231eric@CS.Berk)188.4 377.4 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G +(EDU\232 is se).65 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(na).15 G(toms.)-2.5 E +(MAXMAILERS [25])102 393.6 Q .122(The maximum number of mailers that may be de\214ned in the con\214guration \214le.) +.02 F(MAXR)102 409.8 Q(WSETS [200])-.55 E .432(The maximum number of re) +.01 F .432(writing sets that may be de\214ned.)-.25 F .431 +(The \214rst half of)5.431 F .034(these are reserv)188.4 421.8 R .034 +(ed for numeric speci\214cation \(e.g., `)-.15 F(`S92')-.74 E .035 +('\), while the upper half)-.74 F .492(are reserv)188.4 433.8 R .492 +(ed for auto-numbering \(e.g., `)-.15 F(`Sfoo')-.74 E 2.992('\). Thus,) +-.74 F .492(with a v)2.992 F .491(alue of 200 an)-.25 F +(attempt to use `)188.4 445.8 Q(`S99')-.74 E 2.5('w)-.74 G +(ill succeed, b)-2.5 E(ut `)-.2 E(`S100')-.74 E 2.5('w)-.74 G(ill f)-2.5 +E(ail.)-.1 E(MAXPRIORITIES [25])102 462 Q 2.481(The maximum number of v) +188.4 474 R 2.482(alues for the \231Precedence:\232 \214eld that may be) +-.25 F(de\214ned \(using the)188.4 486 Q F0(P)2.5 E F1 +(line in sendmail.cf\).)2.5 E(MAXUSERENVIR)102 502.2 Q(ON [100])-.4 E +.399(The maximum number of items in the user en)188.4 514.2 R .399 +(vironment that will be passed to)-.4 F(subordinate mailers.)188.4 526.2 +Q(MAXMXHOSTS [100])102 542.4 Q +(The maximum number of MX records we will accept for an)188.4 554.4 Q +2.5(ys)-.15 G(ingle host.)-2.5 E(MAXALIASDB [12])102 570.6 Q .767 +(The maximum number of alias databases that can be open at an).58 F +3.267(yt)-.15 G 3.267(ime. Note)-3.267 F +(that there may also be an open \214le limit.)188.4 582.6 Q(MAXMAPST)102 +598.8 Q -.4(AC)-.93 G 2.5(K[).4 G(12])-2.5 E 1.65 +(The maximum number of maps that may be "stack)188.4 610.8 R 1.65 +(ed" in a)-.1 F F0(sequence)4.15 E F1(class)4.15 E(map.)188.4 622.8 Q +(MAXMIMEARGS [20])102 639 Q .718(The maximum number of ar)188.4 651 R +.718(guments in a MIME Content-T)-.18 F .718(ype: header; addi-)-.8 F +(tional ar)188.4 663 Q(guments will be ignored.)-.18 E +(MAXMIMENESTING [20])102 679.2 Q .4(The maximum depth to which MIME messages may be nested \(that is, nested) +188.4 691.2 R 1.344(Message or Multipart documents; this does not limit the number of compo-) +188.4 703.2 R(nents in a single Multipart document\).)188.4 715.2 Q EP +%%Page: 59 55 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q +(SMM:08-59)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 2.851(An)102 96 S .351 +(umber of other compilation options e)-2.851 F 2.851(xist. These)-.15 F +.35(specify whether or not speci\214c code should be)2.851 F +(compiled in.)102 108 Q(Ones mark)5 E(ed with \207 are 0/1 v)-.1 E +(alued.)-.25 E 36.69(NETINET\207 If)102 124.2 R .829 +(set, support for Internet protocol netw)3.329 F .829 +(orking is compiled in.)-.1 F(Pre)5.829 E .83(vious v)-.25 F(er)-.15 E +(-)-.2 E .178(sions of)188.4 136.2 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail) +2.678 E F1 .178(referred to this as)2.678 F/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF -.36 +(DA)2.678 G(EMON).36 E F1 2.677(;t)C .177(his old usage is no)-2.677 F +2.677(wi)-.25 G(ncorrect.)-2.677 E(Def)188.4 148.2 Q 1.87 +(aults on; turn it of)-.1 F 4.37(fi)-.25 G 4.37(nt)-4.37 G 1.87(he Mak) +-4.37 F 1.87(e\214le if your system doesn')-.1 F 4.37(ts)-.18 G 1.87 +(upport the)-4.37 F(Internet protocols.)188.4 160.2 Q 43.35 +(NETISO\207 If)102 176.4 R .143(set, support for ISO protocol netw)2.643 +F .142(orking is compiled in \(it may be appropri-)-.1 F +(ate to #de\214ne this in the Mak)188.4 188.4 Q +(e\214le instead of conf.h\).)-.1 E 63.35(LOG If)102 204.6 R .5 +(set, the)3 F F2(syslo)3 E(g)-.1 E F1 .5 +(routine in use at some sites is used.)3 F .5(This mak)5.5 F .5 +(es an informa-)-.1 F .504 +(tional log record for each message processed, and mak)188.4 216.6 R +.504(es a higher priority log)-.1 F .052 +(record for internal system errors.)188.4 228.6 R F0(STR)5.052 E(ONGL) +-.3 E 2.552(YR)-.92 G(ECOMMENDED)-2.552 E F1 2.553<8a69>2.552 G 2.553 +(fy)-2.553 G(ou)-2.553 E -.1(wa)188.4 240.6 S(nt no logging, turn it of) +.1 E 2.5(fi)-.25 G 2.5(nt)-2.5 G(he con\214guration \214le.)-2.5 E(MA) +102 256.8 Q 11.12(TCHGECOS\207 Compile)-1.11 F 3.555 +(in the code to do `)6.055 F 3.555(`fuzzy matching')-.74 F 6.055('o)-.74 +G 6.055(nt)-6.055 G 3.555(he GECOS \214eld in)-6.055 F 2.5 +(/etc/passwd. This)188.4 268.8 R(also requires that the)2.5 E F0 +(MatchGECOS)2.5 E F1(option be turned on.)2.5 E -.35(NA)102 285 S 13.15 +(MED_BIND\207 Compile).35 F .412(in code to use the Berk)2.912 F(ele)-.1 +E 2.913(yI)-.15 G .413(nternet Name Domain \(BIND\) serv)-2.913 F .413 +(er to)-.15 F(resolv)188.4 297 Q 2.5(eT)-.15 G(CP/IP host names.)-2.5 E +(NO)102 313.2 Q 38.76(TUNIX If)-.4 F .248(you are using a non-UNIX mail format, you can set this \215ag to turn of) +2.748 F 2.747(fs)-.25 G(pe-)-2.747 E +(cial processing of UNIX-style \231From \232 lines.)188.4 325.2 Q -.1 +(QU)102 341.4 S 45.12(EUE\207 This).1 F 1.559 +(\215ag should be set to compile in the queueing code.)4.059 F 1.56 +(If this is not set,)6.56 F(mailers must accept the mail immediately or it will be returned to the sender) +188.4 353.4 Q(.)-.55 E 52.78(SMTP\207 If)102 369.6 R .756 +(set, the code to handle user and serv)3.256 F .756 +(er SMTP will be compiled in.)-.15 F .756(This is)5.756 F 2.507 +(only necessary if your machine has some mailer that speaks SMTP \(this) +188.4 381.6 R(means most machines e)188.4 393.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G +(rywhere\).).15 E 39.45(USERDB\207 Include)102 409.8 R(the)3.449 E F0 +(experimental)3.449 E F1(Berk)3.449 E(ele)-.1 E 3.449(yu)-.15 G .949 +(ser information database package.)-3.449 F(This)5.948 E .27(adds a ne) +188.4 421.8 R 2.77(wl)-.25 G -2.15 -.25(ev e)-2.77 H 2.77(lo).25 G 2.77 +(fl)-2.77 G .27(ocal name e)-2.77 F .27 +(xpansion between aliasing and forw)-.15 F 2.77(arding. It)-.1 F +(also uses the NEWDB package.)188.4 433.8 Q +(This may change in future releases.)5 E(The follo)102 450 Q +(wing options are normally turned on in per)-.25 E +(-operating-system clauses in conf.h.)-.2 E(IDENTPR)102 466.2 Q -1.88 +-.4(OT O)-.4 H 19.61<8743>.4 G .376 +(ompile in the IDENT protocol as de\214ned in RFC 1413.)-19.61 F .375 +(This def)5.375 F .375(aults on for)-.1 F 1.053(all systems e)188.4 +478.2 R 1.053(xcept Ultrix, which apparently has the interesting \231feature\232 that) +-.15 F .83(when it recei)188.4 490.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.33(sa\231).15 G +.83(host unreachable\232 message it closes all open connections)-3.33 F +1.921(to that host.)188.4 502.2 R 1.921(Since some \214re)6.921 F -.1 +(wa)-.25 G 1.922(ll g).1 F(ate)-.05 E -.1(wa)-.25 G 1.922 +(ys send this error code when you).1 F 2.055(access an unauthorized port \(such as 113, used by IDENT\), Ultrix cannot) +188.4 514.2 R(recei)188.4 526.2 Q .3 -.15(ve e)-.25 H +(mail from such hosts.).15 E 39.45(SYSTEM5 Set)102 542.4 R +(all of the compilation parameters appropriate for System V)2.5 E(.) +-1.29 E 26.12(HASFLOCK\207 Use)102 558.6 R(Berk)2.844 E(ele)-.1 E +(y-style)-.15 E F0(\215ock)2.844 E F1 .344(instead of System V)2.844 F +F0(lockf)2.845 E F1 .345(to do \214le locking.)2.845 F .345(Due to)5.345 +F .184(the highly unusual semantics of locks across forks in)188.4 570.6 +R F0(lockf)2.684 E F1 2.684(,t)C .184(his should al)-2.684 F -.1(wa)-.1 +G(ys).1 E(be used if at all possible.)188.4 582.6 Q(HASINITGR)102 598.8 +Q 4.86(OUPS Set)-.4 F 1.284(this if your system has the)3.783 F F2 +(initgr)3.784 E(oups\(\))-.45 E F1 1.284(call \(if you ha)3.784 F 1.584 +-.15(ve m)-.2 H 1.284(ultiple group).15 F 4.417(support\). This)188.4 +610.8 R 1.917(is the def)4.417 F 1.917(ault if SYSTEM5 is)-.1 F F2(not) +4.416 E F1 1.916(de\214ned or if you are on)4.416 F(HPUX.)188.4 622.8 Q +(HASUN)102 639 Q 27.59(AME Set)-.35 F 1.148(this if you ha)3.648 F 1.448 +-.15(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E F2(uname)3.648 E F1 1.149 +(\(2\) system call \(or corresponding library rou-)B 2.5(tine\). Set) +188.4 651 R(by def)2.5 E(ault if SYSTEM5 is set.)-.1 E(HASGETDT)102 +667.2 Q(ABLESIZE)-.93 E(Set this if you ha)188.4 679.2 Q .3 -.15(ve t) +-.2 H(he).15 E F2 -.1(ge)2.5 G(tdtablesize).1 E F1(\(2\) system call.)A +(HASW)102 695.4 Q 22.89(AITPID Set)-1.2 F(this if you ha)2.5 E .3 -.15 +(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E F2(haswaitpid)2.5 E F1(\(2\) system call.)A 37.22 +(SFS_TYPE The)102 711.6 R .517 +(mechanism that can be used to get \214le system capacity information.) +3.017 F(The)5.516 E -.25(va)188.4 723.6 S .214 +(lues can be one of SFS_UST).25 F 2.435 -1.11(AT \()-.93 H .215 +(use the ustat\(2\) syscall\), SFS_4ARGS \(use)1.11 F EP +%%Page: 60 56 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-60 Sendmail)72 60 R +(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .415 +(the four ar)188.4 96 R .415 +(gument statfs\(2\) syscall\), SFS_VFS \(use the tw)-.18 F 2.915(oa)-.1 +G -.18(rg)-2.915 G .415(ument statfs\(2\)).18 F .716 +(syscall including <sys/vfs.h>\), SFS_MOUNT \(use the tw)188.4 108 R +3.217(oa)-.1 G -.18(rg)-3.217 G .717(ument statfs\(2\)).18 F 4.32 +(syscall including <sys/mount.h>\), SFS_ST)188.4 120 R -1.11(AT)-.93 G +4.32(FS \(use the tw)1.11 F 6.82(oa)-.1 G -.18(rg)-6.82 G(ument).18 E +1.108(statfs\(2\) syscall including <sys/statfs.h>\), SFS_ST)188.4 132 R +-1.11(AT)-.93 G 1.109(VFS \(use the tw)1.11 F 3.609(oa)-.1 G -.18(rg) +-3.609 G(u-).18 E 1.511(ment statfs\(2\) syscall including <sys/statvfs.h>\), or SFS_NONE \(no w) +188.4 144 R 1.511(ay to)-.1 F(get this information\).)188.4 156 Q 40.57 +(LA_TYPE The)102 172.2 R(load a)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(rage type.).15 E +(Details are described belo)5 E -.65(w.)-.25 G .342(The are se)102 188.4 +R -.15(ve)-.25 G .342(ral b).15 F .342(uilt-in w)-.2 F .342 +(ays of computing the load a)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.2 G(rage.).15 E/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(Sendmail)5.342 E F1 .343 +(tries to auto-con\214gure them)2.842 F .267 +(based on imperfect guesses; you can select one using the)102 200.4 R F2 +(cc)2.766 E F1(option)2.766 E F0(\255DLA_TYPE=)2.766 E F2(type)A F1 +2.766(,w)C(here)-2.766 E F2(type)2.766 E F1(is:)102 212.4 Q 48.91 +(LA_INT The)102 228.6 R -.1(ke)3.452 G .952(rnel stores the load a).1 F +-.15(ve)-.2 G .952(rage in the k).15 F .952 +(ernel as an array of long inte)-.1 F(gers.)-.15 E(The actual v)188.4 +240.6 Q(alues are scaled by a f)-.25 E(actor FSCALE \(def)-.1 E +(ault 256\).)-.1 E(LA_SHOR)102 256.8 Q 35.89(TT)-.6 G .794(he k)-35.89 F +.794(ernel stores the load a)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .794(rage in the k).15 +F .793(ernel as an array of short inte)-.1 F(gers.)-.15 E(The actual v) +188.4 268.8 Q(alues are scaled by a f)-.25 E(actor FSCALE \(def)-.1 E +(ault 256\).)-.1 E(LA_FLO)102 285 Q 37.03 -1.11(AT T)-.35 H .088(he k) +1.11 F .088(ernel stores the load a)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .089 +(rage in the k).15 F .089(ernel as an array of double precision)-.1 F +(\215oats.)188.4 297 Q(LA_MA)102 313.2 Q 35.97(CH Use)-.4 F(MA)2.5 E +(CH-style load a)-.4 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(rages.).15 E 39.45(LA_SUBR Call)102 +329.4 R(the)2.5 E F2 -.1(ge)2.5 G(tloadavg).1 E F1 +(routine to get the load a)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.2 G +(rage as an array of doubles.).15 E(LA_ZER)102 345.6 Q 42.36(OA)-.4 G +-.1(lwa)-42.36 G(ys return zero as the load a).1 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5 +(rage. This).15 F(is the f)2.5 E(allback case.)-.1 E .494(If type)102 +361.8 R/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(LA_INT)2.994 E F1(,)A F3(LA_SHOR)2.994 E +(T)-.54 E F1 2.994(,o)C(r)-2.994 E F3(LA_FLO)2.993 E -.999(AT)-.315 G F1 +.493(is speci\214ed, you may also need to specify)3.992 F F3(_P)2.993 E +-.999(AT)-.828 G(H_UNIX).999 E F1 .948 +(\(the path to your system binary\) and)102 373.8 R F3(LA_A)3.448 E +(VENR)-1.215 E(UN)-.36 E F1 .949(\(the name of the v)3.448 F .949 +(ariable containing the load)-.25 F -2.25 -.2(av e)102 385.8 T +(rage in the k).2 E(ernel; usually \231_a)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.2 G +(nrun\232 or \231a).15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(nrun\232\).).15 E F0 2.5 +(6.3. Con\214guration)87 409.8 R(in sr)2.5 E(c/conf)-.18 E(.c)-.15 E F1 +(The follo)127 426 Q(wing changes can be made in conf.c.)-.25 E F0 2.5 +(6.3.1. Built-in)102 450 R(Header Semantics)2.5 E F1 1.248 +(Not all header semantics are de\214ned in the con\214guration \214le.) +142 466.2 R 1.247(Header lines that should)6.247 F .305(only be included by certain mailers \(as well as other more obscure semantics\) must be speci\214ed) +117 478.2 R .047(in the)117 490.2 R F2(HdrInfo)2.547 E F1 .047(table in) +2.547 F F2(conf)2.547 E(.c)-.15 E F1 5.047(.T)C .046 +(his table contains the header name \(which should be in all lo)-5.047 F +(wer)-.25 E(case\) and a set of header control \215ags \(described belo) +117 502.2 Q(w\), The \215ags are:)-.25 E(H_A)117 518.4 Q 30.97 +(CHECK Normally)-.4 F .007 +(when the check is made to see if a header line is compatible with)2.507 +F 2.941(am)203.4 530.4 S(ailer)-2.941 E(,)-.4 E F2(sendmail)2.941 E F1 +.441(will not delete an e)2.941 F .441(xisting line.)-.15 F .44 +(If this \215ag is set,)5.441 F F2(send-)2.94 E(mail)203.4 542.4 Q F1 +.152(will delete e)2.652 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.652(ne).15 G .152 +(xisting header lines.)-2.802 F .152 +(That is, if this bit is set and the)5.152 F 1.425(mailer does not ha) +203.4 554.4 R 1.725 -.15(ve \215)-.2 H 1.425 +(ag bits set that intersect with the required mailer).15 F 2.204 +(\215ags in the header de\214nition in sendmail.cf, the header line is) +203.4 566.4 R F2(always)4.704 E F1(deleted.)203.4 578.4 Q 51.13 +(H_EOH If)117 594.6 R .206(this header \214eld is set, treat it lik) +2.706 F 2.706(eab)-.1 G .206(lank line, i.e., it will signal the end) +-2.706 F(of the header and the be)203.4 606.6 Q +(ginning of the message te)-.15 E(xt.)-.15 E 39.45(H_FORCE Add)117 622.8 +R 2.038(this header entry e)4.538 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.538(ni).15 G 4.538 +(fo)-4.538 G 2.038(ne e)-4.538 F 2.039(xisted in the message before.) +-.15 F 2.039(If a)7.039 F 2.189(header entry does not ha)203.4 634.8 R +2.488 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.188(his bit set,).15 F F2(sendmail)4.688 E F1 +2.188(will not add another)4.688 F .62 +(header line if a header line of this name already e)203.4 646.8 R 3.12 +(xisted. This)-.15 F -.1(wo)3.12 G .62(uld nor).1 F(-)-.2 E +(mally be used to stamp the message by e)203.4 658.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G +(ryone who handled it.).15 E(H_TRA)117 675 Q 39.3(CE If)-.4 F 1.044 +(set, this is a timestamp \(trace\) \214eld.)3.544 F 1.043 +(If the number of trace \214elds in a)6.043 F .705(message e)203.4 687 R +.705(xceeds a preset amount the message is returned on the assump-)-.15 +F(tion that it has an aliasing loop.)203.4 699 Q EP +%%Page: 61 57 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q +(SMM:08-61)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 46.67(H_RCPT If)117 96 R .332 +(set, this \214eld contains recipient addresses.)2.833 F .332 +(This is used by the)5.332 F F0<ad74>2.832 E F1 .332(\215ag to)2.832 F +1.349(determine who to send to when it is collecting recipients from the mes-) +203.4 108 R(sage.)203.4 120 Q(H_FR)117 136.2 Q 43.74(OM This)-.4 F 1.673 +(\215ag indicates that this \214eld speci\214es a sender)4.174 F 6.673 +(.T)-.55 G 1.673(he order of these)-6.673 F .898(\214elds in the)203.4 +148.2 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(HdrInfo)3.398 E F1 .898 +(table speci\214es)3.398 F F2(sendmail)3.398 E F1 1.998 -.55('s p)D .898 +(reference for which \214eld).55 F(to return error messages to.)203.4 +160.2 Q(H_ERR)117 176.4 Q(ORST)-.4 E 22.53(OA)-.18 G +(ddresses in this header should recei)-22.53 E .3 -.15(ve e)-.25 H +(rror messages.).15 E 52.79(H_CTE This)117 192.6 R +(header is a Content-T)2.5 E(ransfer)-.35 E(-Encoding header)-.2 E(.) +-.55 E 40.01(H_CTYPE This)117 208.8 R(header is a Content-T)2.5 E +(ype header)-.8 E(.)-.55 E(H_STRIPV)117 225 Q 25.25(AL Strip)-1.35 F +(the v)2.5 E(alue from the header \(for Bcc:\).)-.25 E(Let')117 241.2 Q +2.5(sl)-.55 G(ook at a sample)-2.5 E F2(HdrInfo)2.5 E F1 +(speci\214cation:)2.5 E(struct hdrinfo)157 257.4 Q(HdrInfo[] =)84.6 E({) +157 269.4 Q(/* originator \214elds, most to least signi\214cant)189.5 +281.4 Q(*/)5 E 52.29("resent-sender", H_FR)177 293.4 R(OM,)-.4 E 58.95 +("resent-from", H_FR)177 305.4 R(OM,)-.4 E 79.5("sender", H_FR)177 317.4 +R(OM,)-.4 E 86.16("from", H_FR)177 329.4 R(OM,)-.4 E 66.72 +("full-name", H_A)177 341.4 R(CHECK,)-.4 E 71.17("errors-to", H_FR)177 +353.4 R -1.667(OM | H_ERR)-.4 F(ORST)-.4 E(O,)-.18 E +(/* destination \214elds */)189.5 365.4 Q 97.82("to", H_RCPT)177 377.4 R +(,)-.74 E 70.61("resent-to", H_RCPT)177 389.4 R(,)-.74 E 96.72 +("cc", H_RCPT)177 401.4 R(,)-.74 E 91.72("bcc", H_RCPT)177 413.4 R .833 +(|H).833 G(_STRIPV)-.833 E(AL,)-1.35 E +(/* message identi\214cation and control */)189.5 425.4 Q 71.72 +("message", H_EOH,)177 437.4 R("te)177 449.4 Q 90.75(xt", H_EOH,)-.15 F +(/* trace \214elds */)189.5 461.4 Q("recei)177 473.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G +72.13(d", H_TRA).15 F -1.667(CE | H_FORCE,)-.4 F +(/* miscellaneous \214elds */)189.5 485.4 Q("content-transfer)177 497.4 +Q 2.5(-encoding", H_CTE,)-.2 F 55.61("content-type", H_CTYPE,)177 509.4 +R 87.1(NULL, 0,)177 533.4 R(};)157 545.4 Q 2.435 +(This structure indicates that the \231T)117 561.6 R 2.435 +(o:\232, \231Resent-T)-.8 F 2.435 +(o:\232, and \231Cc:\232 \214elds all specify recipient)-.8 F 3.161 +(addresses. An)117 573.6 R 3.161<7999>-.15 G .662(Full-Name:\232 \214eld will be deleted unless the required mailer \215ag \(indicated in) +-3.161 F .246(the con\214guration \214le\) is speci\214ed.)117 585.6 R +.245(The \231Message:\232 and \231T)5.246 F -.15(ex)-.7 G .245 +(t:\232 \214elds will terminate the header;).15 F 1.936 +(these are used by random dissenters around the netw)117 597.6 R 1.936 +(ork w)-.1 F 4.436(orld. The)-.1 F(\231Recei)4.436 E -.15(ve)-.25 G +1.937(d:\232 \214eld will).15 F(al)117 609.6 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G +(ys be added, and can be used to trace messages.).1 E .446 +(There are a number of important points here.)142 625.8 R .445 +(First, header \214elds are not added automati-)5.446 F .656 +(cally just because the)117 637.8 R 3.156(ya)-.15 G .656(re in the) +-3.156 F F2(HdrInfo)3.157 E F1 .657(structure; the)3.157 F 3.157(ym)-.15 +G .657(ust be speci\214ed in the con\214guration)-3.157 F .728 +(\214le in order to be added to the message.)117 649.8 R(An)5.727 E +3.227(yh)-.15 G .727 +(eader \214elds mentioned in the con\214guration \214le)-3.227 F -.2(bu) +117 661.8 S 3.24(tn).2 G .74(ot mentioned in the)-3.24 F F2(HdrInfo)3.24 +E F1 .74(structure ha)3.24 F 1.04 -.15(ve d)-.2 H(ef).15 E .74 +(ault processing performed; that is, the)-.1 F 3.24(ya)-.15 G(re)-3.24 E +1.375(added unless the)117 673.8 R 3.875(yw)-.15 G 1.375 +(ere in the message already)-3.875 F 6.375(.S)-.65 G 1.374(econd, the) +-6.375 F F2(HdrInfo)3.874 E F1 1.374(structure only speci\214es)3.874 F +.324(cliched processing; certain headers are processed specially by ad hoc code re) +117 685.8 R -.05(ga)-.15 G .325(rdless of the sta-).05 F .481 +(tus speci\214ed in)117 697.8 R F2(HdrInfo)2.981 E F1 5.481(.F)C .481 +(or e)-5.631 F .481 +(xample, the \231Sender:\232 and \231From:\232 \214elds are al)-.15 F +-.1(wa)-.1 G .48(ys scanned on).1 F EP +%%Page: 62 58 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-62 Sendmail)72 60 R +(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(ARP)117 +98 Q .751(ANET mail to determine the sender)-.92 F/F2 7/Times-Roman@0 SF +(24)-4 I F1 3.251(;t)4 K .75 +(his is used to perform the \231return to sender\232 func-)-3.251 F +2.976(tion. The)117 110 R .476(\231From:\232 and \231Full-Name:\232 \214elds are used to determine the full name of the sender if) +2.976 F(possible; this is stored in the macro)117 122 Q F0($x)2.5 E F1 +(and used in a number of w)2.5 E(ays.)-.1 E F0 2.5(6.3.2. Restricting) +102 146 R(Use of Email)2.5 E F1 .15 +(If it is necessary to restrict mail through a relay)142 162.2 R 2.649 +(,t)-.65 G(he)-2.649 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.15(ch)2.649 G(ec).15 E +(kcompat)-.2 E F1 .149(routine can be modi\214ed.)2.649 F .163 +(This routine is called for e)117 174.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .163 +(ry recipient address.).15 F .163(It returns an e)5.163 F .163 +(xit status indicating the status of)-.15 F .895(the message.)117 186.2 +R .895(The status)5.895 F/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(EX_OK)3.395 E F1 .895 +(accepts the address,)3.395 F F4(EX_TEMPF)3.395 E(AIL)-.666 E F1 .895 +(queues the message for a)3.395 F .263(later try)117 198.2 R 2.763(,a) +-.65 G .263(nd other v)-2.763 F .264(alues \(commonly)-.25 F F4(EX_UN) +2.764 E -1.215(AVA)-.315 G(ILABLE)1.215 E F1 2.764(\)r)C .264 +(eject the message.)-2.764 F .264(It is up to)5.264 F F3 -.15(ch)2.764 G +(ec).15 E(k-)-.2 E(compat)117 210.2 Q F1 .43 +(to print an error message \(using)2.93 F F3(usr)2.929 E(err)-.37 E F1 +2.929(\)i)C 2.929(ft)-2.929 G .429(he message is rejected.)-2.929 F -.15 +(Fo)5.429 G 2.929(re).15 G(xample,)-3.079 E F3 -.15(ch)2.929 G(ec).15 E +(k-)-.2 E(compat)117 222.2 Q F1(could read:)2.5 E F4(int)157 237.2 Q +(checkcompat\(to, e\))157 248 Q(re)175 258.8 Q(gister ADDRESS *to;)-.135 +E(re)175 269.6 Q(gister ENVELOPE *e;)-.135 E({)157 280.4 Q(re)175 291.2 +Q(gister ST)-.135 E(AB *s;)-.837 E 2.25(s=s)175 312.8 S(tab\("pri)-2.25 +E -.225(va)-.225 G(te", ST_MAILER, ST_FIND\);).225 E +(if \(s != NULL && e\255>e_from.q_mailer != LocalMailer &&)175 323.6 Q +(to->q_mailer == s->s_mailer\))184 334.4 Q({)175 345.2 Q +(usrerr\("No pri)193 356 Q -.225(va)-.225 G(te net mail allo).225 E +(wed through this machine"\);)-.225 E(return \(EX_UN)193 366.8 Q -1.215 +(AVA)-.315 G(ILABLE\);)1.215 E(})175 377.6 Q +(if \(MsgSize > 50000 && bitnset\(M_LOCALMAILER, to\255>q_mailer\)\))175 +388.4 Q({)175 399.2 Q(usrerr\("Message too lar)193 410 Q +(ge for non-local deli)-.162 E -.135(ve)-.225 G(ry"\);).135 E +(e\255>e_\215ags |= EF_NORETURN;)193 420.8 Q(return \(EX_UN)193 431.6 Q +-1.215(AVA)-.315 G(ILABLE\);)1.215 E(})175 442.4 Q(return \(EX_OK\);)175 +453.2 Q(})157 464 Q F1 .969(This w)117 480.2 R .969 +(ould reject messages greater than 50000 bytes unless the)-.1 F 3.469 +(yw)-.15 G .97(ere local.)-3.469 F(The)5.97 E F3(EF_NORE-)3.47 E(TURN) +117 492.2 Q F1 .652(\215ag can be set in)3.152 F F3(e)3.152 E/F5 10 +/Symbol SF<ae>A F3(e_\215a)A(gs)-.1 E F1 .651 +(to suppress the return of the actual body of the message in)3.152 F +.655(the error return.)117 504.2 R .655(The actual use of this routine is highly dependent on the implementation, and) +5.655 F(use should be limited.)117 516.2 Q F0 2.5(6.3.3. Load)102 540.2 +R -.6 -1(Av e)2.5 H(rage Computation)1 E F1 .18(The routine)142 556.4 R +F3 -.1(ge)2.68 G(tla).1 E F1 .18 +(should return an approximation of the current system load a)2.68 F -.15 +(ve)-.2 G .18(rage as an).15 F(inte)117 568.4 Q(ger)-.15 E 5(.T)-.55 G +(here are se)-5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ral v).15 E +(ersions included on compilation \215ags as described abo)-.15 E -.15 +(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E F0 2.5(6.3.4. New)102 592.4 R(Database Map Classes) +2.5 E F1(Ne)142 608.6 Q 2.875(wk)-.25 G .675 -.15(ey m)-2.975 H .375(aps can be added by creating a class initialization function and a lookup func-) +.15 F 2.5(tion. These)117 620.6 R(are then added to the routine)2.5 E F3 +(setupmaps.)2.5 E F1(The initialization function is called as)142 636.8 +Q F3(xxx)157 653 Q F1(_map_init\(MAP *map, char *ar)A(gs\))-.18 E(The) +117 669.2 Q F3(map)3.28 E F1 .78(is an internal data structure.)3.28 F +(The)5.78 E F3(ar)3.279 E(gs)-.37 E F1 .779 +(is a pointer to the portion of the con\214guration)3.279 F .32 LW 76 +678.8 72 678.8 DL 80 678.8 76 678.8 DL 84 678.8 80 678.8 DL 88 678.8 84 +678.8 DL 92 678.8 88 678.8 DL 96 678.8 92 678.8 DL 100 678.8 96 678.8 DL +104 678.8 100 678.8 DL 108 678.8 104 678.8 DL 112 678.8 108 678.8 DL 116 +678.8 112 678.8 DL 120 678.8 116 678.8 DL 124 678.8 120 678.8 DL 128 +678.8 124 678.8 DL 132 678.8 128 678.8 DL 136 678.8 132 678.8 DL 140 +678.8 136 678.8 DL 144 678.8 140 678.8 DL 148 678.8 144 678.8 DL 152 +678.8 148 678.8 DL 156 678.8 152 678.8 DL 160 678.8 156 678.8 DL 164 +678.8 160 678.8 DL 168 678.8 164 678.8 DL 172 678.8 168 678.8 DL 176 +678.8 172 678.8 DL 180 678.8 176 678.8 DL 184 678.8 180 678.8 DL 188 +678.8 184 678.8 DL 192 678.8 188 678.8 DL 196 678.8 192 678.8 DL 200 +678.8 196 678.8 DL 204 678.8 200 678.8 DL 208 678.8 204 678.8 DL 212 +678.8 208 678.8 DL 216 678.8 212 678.8 DL/F6 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(24)93.6 +689.2 Q/F7 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(Actually)3.2 I 2.631(,t)-.52 G .631 +(his is no longer true in SMTP; this information is contained in the en) +-2.631 F -.12(ve)-.32 G 2.632(lope. The).12 F .632(older ARP)2.632 F +.632(ANET protocols did)-.736 F(not completely distinguish en)72 702 Q +-.12(ve)-.32 G(lope from header).12 E(.)-.44 E EP +%%Page: 63 59 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q +(SMM:08-63)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .396(\214le line follo)117 96 +R .396(wing the map class name; \215ags and \214lenames can be e)-.25 F +.397(xtracted from this line.)-.15 F(The)5.397 E +(initialization function must return)117 108 Q/F2 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(TR) +2.5 E(UE)-.36 E F1(if it successfully opened the map,)2.5 E F2 -.666(FA) +2.5 G(LSE).666 E F1(otherwise.)2.5 E(The lookup function is called as) +142 124.2 Q/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(xxx)157 140.4 Q F1 +(_map_lookup\(MAP *map, char b)A(uf[], char **a)-.2 E 1.3 -.65(v, i)-.2 +H(nt *statp\)).65 E(The)117 156.6 Q F3(map)2.773 E F1 .273 +(de\214nes the map internally)2.773 F 5.273(.T)-.65 G(he)-5.273 E F3 -.2 +(bu)2.773 G(f).2 E F1 .273(has the input k)2.773 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 5.273 +(.T)-.5 G .272(his may be \(and often is\) used)-5.273 F(destructi)117 +168.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.151(.T)-.65 G(he)-5.151 E F3(av)2.651 +E F1 .151(is a list of ar)2.651 F .151(guments passed in from the re) +-.18 F .152(write line.)-.25 F .152(The lookup function)5.152 F .205 +(should return a pointer to the ne)117 180.6 R 2.705(wv)-.25 G 2.705 +(alue. IF)-2.955 F .205(the map lookup f)2.705 F(ails,)-.1 E F3(*statp) +2.705 E F1 .204(should be set to an e)2.705 F(xit)-.15 E .301 +(status code; in particular)117 192.6 R 2.801(,i)-.4 G 2.801(ts)-2.801 G +.302(hould be set to)-2.801 F F2(EX_TEMPF)2.802 E(AIL)-.666 E F1 .302 +(if reco)2.802 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .302(ry is to be attempted by the).15 F +(higher le)117 204.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(lc).15 G(ode.)-2.5 E F0 2.5 +(6.3.5. Queueing)102 228.6 R(Function)2.5 E F1 .783(The routine)142 +244.8 R F3(shouldqueue)3.283 E F1 .783 +(is called to decide if a message should be queued or processed)3.283 F +(immediately)117 256.8 Q 6.618(.T)-.65 G 1.618 +(ypically this compares the message priority to the current load a) +-7.418 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 4.119(rage. The).15 F(def)117 268.8 Q +(ault de\214nition is:)-.1 E(bool)157 285 Q(shouldqueue\(pri, ctime\)) +157 297 Q(long pri;)175 309 Q(time_t ctime;)175 321 Q({)157 333 Q +(if \(CurrentLA < QueueLA\))175 345 Q(return \(F)193 357 Q(ALSE\);)-.74 +E(return \(pri > \(QueueF)175 369 Q +(actor / \(CurrentLA \255 QueueLA + 1\)\)\);)-.15 E(})157 381 Q 2.063 +(If the current load a)117 397.2 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.062(rage \(global v) +.15 F(ariable)-.25 E F3(Curr)4.562 E(entLA)-.37 E F1 4.562(,w)C 2.062 +(hich is set before this function is)-4.562 F 1.057 +(called\) is less than the lo)117 409.2 R 3.558(wt)-.25 G 1.058 +(hreshold load a)-3.558 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.058(rage \(option).15 F F0(x) +3.558 E F1 3.558(,v)C(ariable)-3.808 E F3(QueueLA)3.558 E F1(\),)A F3 +(shouldqueue)3.558 E F1(returns)117 421.2 Q F2 -.666(FA)2.587 G(LSE).666 +E F1 .086(immediately \(that is, it should)2.587 F F3(not)2.586 E F1 +2.586(queue\). If)2.586 F .086(the current load a)2.586 F -.15(ve)-.2 G +.086(rage e).15 F .086(xceeds the)-.15 F .587(high threshold load a)117 +433.2 R -.15(ve)-.2 G .587(rage \(option).15 F F0(X)3.087 E F1 3.087(,v) +C(ariable)-3.337 E F3(RefuseLA)3.087 E F1(\),)A F3(shouldqueue)3.088 E +F1(returns)3.088 E F2(TR)3.088 E(UE)-.36 E F1(immedi-)3.088 E(ately)117 +445.2 Q 7.126(.O)-.65 G 2.125 +(therwise, it computes the function based on the message priority)-7.126 +F 4.625(,t)-.65 G 2.125(he queue f)-4.625 F(actor)-.1 E(\(option)117 +457.2 Q F0(q)2.5 E F1 2.5(,g)C(lobal v)-2.5 E(ariable)-.25 E F3(QueueF) +2.5 E(actor)-.75 E F1(\), and the current and threshold load a)A -.15 +(ve)-.2 G(rages.).15 E 1.066(An implementation wishing to tak)142 473.4 +R 3.566(et)-.1 G 1.067 +(he actual age of the message into account can also)-3.566 F 1.41 +(use the)117 485.4 R F3(ctime)3.91 E F1(parameter)3.91 E 3.91(,w)-.4 G +1.41(hich is the time that the message w)-3.91 F 1.41 +(as \214rst submitted to)-.1 F F3(sendmail)3.91 E F1(.)A .928 +(Note that the)117 497.4 R F3(pri)3.428 E F1 .928(parameter is already weighted by the number of times the message has been) +3.428 F .395(tried \(although this tends to lo)117 509.4 R .395 +(wer the priority of the message with time\); the e)-.25 F .395 +(xpectation is that)-.15 F(the)117 521.4 Q F3(ctime)2.674 E F1 -.1(wo) +2.674 G .174 +(uld be used as an \231escape clause\232 to ensure that messages are e) +.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .174(ntually processed.).15 F F0 2.5 +(6.3.6. Refusing)102 545.4 R(Incoming SMTP Connections)2.5 E F1 1.149 +(The function)142 561.6 R F3 -.37(re)3.648 G(fuseconnections).37 E F1 +(returns)3.648 E F2(TR)3.648 E(UE)-.36 E F1 1.148 +(if incoming SMTP connections should be)3.648 F 3.563(refused. The)117 +573.6 R 1.063(current implementation is based e)3.563 F(xclusi)-.15 E +-.15(ve)-.25 G 1.063(ly on the current load a).15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.063 +(rage and the).15 F(refuse load a)117 585.6 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G +(rage option \(option).15 E F0(X)2.5 E F1 2.5(,g)C(lobal v)-2.5 E +(ariable)-.25 E F3(RefuseLA)2.5 E F1(\):)A(bool)157 601.8 Q +(refuseconnections\(\))157 613.8 Q({)157 625.8 Q +(return \(CurrentLA >= RefuseLA\);)175 637.8 Q(})157 649.8 Q 2.5(Am)117 +666 S(ore cle)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G +(mplementation could look at more system resources.)-2.5 E F0 2.5 +(6.3.7. Load)102 690 R -.6 -1(Av e)2.5 H(rage Computation)1 E F1 .244 +(The routine)142 706.2 R F3 -.1(ge)2.743 G(tla).1 E F1 .243 +(returns the current load a)2.743 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .243 +(rage \(as a rounded inte).15 F 2.743(ger\). The)-.15 F(distrib)2.743 E +(ution)-.2 E 1.156(includes se)117 718.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.157 +(ral possible implementations.).15 F 1.157(If you are porting to a ne) +6.157 F 3.657(we)-.25 G -.4(nv)-3.657 G 1.157(ironment you may).4 F EP +%%Page: 64 60 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-64 Sendmail)72 60 R +(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF +(need to add some ne)117 98 Q 2.5(wt)-.25 G(weaks.)-2.5 E/F2 7 +/Times-Roman@0 SF(25)-4 I F0 2.5(6.4. Con\214guration)87 122 R(in sr)2.5 +E(c/daemon.c)-.18 E F1 .4(The \214le)127 138.2 R/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF +(sr)2.9 E(c/daemon.c)-.37 E F1 .4 +(contains a number of routines that are dependent on the local netw)2.9 +F(ork-)-.1 E(ing en)102 150.2 Q 2.5(vironment. The)-.4 F -.15(ve)2.5 G +(rsion supplied assumes you ha).15 E .3 -.15(ve B)-.2 H(SD style sock) +.15 E(ets.)-.1 E 2.16(In pre)127 166.4 R 2.16 +(vious releases, we recommended that you modify the routine)-.25 F F3 +(maphostname)4.66 E F1 2.16(if you)4.66 F -.1(wa)102 178.4 S 1.919 +(nted to generalize).1 F F0($[)4.418 E F1(...)4.418 E F0($])4.418 E F1 +4.418(lookups. W)4.418 F 4.418(en)-.8 G 2.418 -.25(ow r)-4.418 H 1.918 +(ecommend that you create a ne).25 F 4.418(wk)-.25 G -.15(ey)-4.518 G +1.918(ed map).15 F(instead.)102 190.4 Q F0 2.5(7. CHANGES)72 214.4 R +(IN VERSION 8)2.5 E F1 .195(The follo)112 230.6 R .196 +(wing summarizes changes since the last commonly a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G +.196(ilable v).25 F .196(ersion of)-.15 F F3(sendmail)2.696 E F1 +(\(5.67\).)2.696 E -.15(Fo)87 242.6 S 2.703(rad).15 G .203 +(etailed list, consult the \214le RELEASE_NO)-2.703 F .203 +(TES in the root directory of the)-.4 F F3(sendmail)2.702 E F1(distrib) +2.702 E(ution.)-.2 E F0 2.5(7.1. Connection)87 266.6 R(Caching)2.5 E F1 +.397(Instead of closing SMTP connections immediately)127 282.8 R 2.897 +(,t)-.65 G .398(hose connections are cached for possible)-2.897 F .598 +(future use.)102 294.8 R .598(The adv)5.598 F .597 +(ent of MX records made this ef)-.15 F(fecti)-.25 E .897 -.15(ve f)-.25 +H .597(or mailing lists; in addition, substantial).15 F +(performance impro)102 306.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(ments can be e).15 E +(xpected for queue processing.)-.15 E F0 2.5(7.2. MX)87 330.8 R +(Piggybacking)2.5 E F1 1.257(If tw)127 347 R 3.757(oh)-.1 G 1.257 +(osts with dif)-3.757 F 1.257 +(ferent names in a single message happen to ha)-.25 F 1.557 -.15(ve t) +-.2 H 1.257(he same set of MX).15 F .94(hosts, the)102 359 R 3.44(yc) +-.15 G .94(an be sent in the same transaction.)-3.44 F -1.11(Ve)5.94 G +.94(rsion 8 notices this and tries to batch the mes-)1.11 F(sages.)102 +371 Q F0 2.5(7.3. RFC)87 395 R(1123 Compliance)2.5 E F1 3.462(An)127 +411.2 S .962(umber of changes ha)-3.462 F 1.262 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .962 +(een made to mak).15 F(e)-.1 E F3(sendmail)3.462 E F1 .963 +(\231conditionally compliant\232 \(that is,)3.463 F F3(sendmail)102 +423.2 Q F1 .05(satis\214es all of the \231MUST\232 clauses and most b) +2.55 F .049(ut not all of the \231SHOULD\232 clauses in RFC)-.2 F +(1123\).)102 435.2 Q(The major areas of change are \(numbers are RFC 1123 section numbers\):) +127 451.4 Q 15(5.2.7 Response)102 467.6 R(to RCPT command is f)2.5 E +(ast.)-.1 E 15(5.2.8 Numeric)102 483.8 R +(IP addresses are logged in Recei)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(d: lines.).15 E +10(5.2.17 Self)102 500 R(domain literal is properly handled.)2.5 E 15 +(5.3.2 Better)102 516.2 R(control o)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(ri).15 G +(ndi)-2.5 E(vidual timeouts.)-.25 E 15(5.3.3 Error)102 532.4 R +(messages are sent as \231From:<>\232.)2.5 E 15(5.3.3 Error)102 548.6 R +(messages are ne)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rs).15 G(ent to \231<>\232.) +-2.5 E 15(5.3.3 Route-addrs)102 564.8 R(are pruned.)2.5 E +(The areas in which)102 581 Q F3(sendmail)2.5 E F1 +(is not \231unconditionally compliant\232 are:)2.5 E(5.2.6)102 597.2 Q +F3(Sendmail)17.5 E F1(does do header munging.)2.5 E(5.2.10)102 613.4 Q +F3(Sendmail)12.5 E F1(doesn')2.5 E 2.5(ta)-.18 G -.1(lwa)-2.5 G +(ys use the e).1 E(xact SMTP message te)-.15 E(xt as listed in RFC 821.) +-.15 E(5.3.1.1)102 629.6 Q F3(Sendmail)10 E F1(doesn')2.5 E 2.5(tg)-.18 +G(uarantee only one connect for each host in queue runs.)-2.5 E(5.3.1.1) +102 645.8 Q F3(Sendmail)10 E F1(doesn')2.5 E 2.5(ta)-.18 G -.1(lwa)-2.5 +G(ys pro).1 E(vide adequate concurrenc)-.15 E 2.5(yl)-.15 G(imits.)-2.5 +E .32 LW 76 678.8 72 678.8 DL 80 678.8 76 678.8 DL 84 678.8 80 678.8 DL +88 678.8 84 678.8 DL 92 678.8 88 678.8 DL 96 678.8 92 678.8 DL 100 678.8 +96 678.8 DL 104 678.8 100 678.8 DL 108 678.8 104 678.8 DL 112 678.8 108 +678.8 DL 116 678.8 112 678.8 DL 120 678.8 116 678.8 DL 124 678.8 120 +678.8 DL 128 678.8 124 678.8 DL 132 678.8 128 678.8 DL 136 678.8 132 +678.8 DL 140 678.8 136 678.8 DL 144 678.8 140 678.8 DL 148 678.8 144 +678.8 DL 152 678.8 148 678.8 DL 156 678.8 152 678.8 DL 160 678.8 156 +678.8 DL 164 678.8 160 678.8 DL 168 678.8 164 678.8 DL 172 678.8 168 +678.8 DL 176 678.8 172 678.8 DL 180 678.8 176 678.8 DL 184 678.8 180 +678.8 DL 188 678.8 184 678.8 DL 192 678.8 188 678.8 DL 196 678.8 192 +678.8 DL 200 678.8 196 678.8 DL 204 678.8 200 678.8 DL 208 678.8 204 +678.8 DL 212 678.8 208 678.8 DL 216 678.8 212 678.8 DL/F4 5 +/Times-Roman@0 SF(25)93.6 689.2 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF +(If you do, please send updates to sendmail@Sendmail.ORG.)3.2 I EP +%%Page: 65 61 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q +(SMM:08-65)195.86 E 2.5(7.4. Extended)87 96 R(SMTP Support)2.5 E/F1 10 +/Times-Roman@0 SF -1.11(Ve)127 112.2 S .154 +(rsion 8 includes both sending and recei)1.11 F .155 +(ving support for Extended SMTP support as de\214ned)-.25 F(by RFC 1651 \(basic\) and RFC 1653 \(SIZE\); and limited support for RFC 1652 \(BOD) +102 124.2 Q(Y\).)-.55 E F0 2.5(7.5. Eight-Bit)87 148.2 R(Clean)2.5 E F1 +(Pre)127 164.4 Q 1.264(vious v)-.25 F 1.264(ersions of)-.15 F/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.764 E F1 1.264 +(used the 0200 bit for quoting.)3.764 F 1.263(This v)6.263 F 1.263 +(ersion a)-.15 F -.2(vo)-.2 G 1.263(ids that use.).2 F(Ho)102 176.4 Q +(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .8 -.4(r, f).15 H +(or compatibility with RFC 822, you can set option `7' to get se).4 E +-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(nb).15 G(it stripping.)-2.5 E(Indi)127 192.6 Q +(vidual mailers can still produce se)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(nb).15 G +(it output using the `7' mailer \215ag.)-2.5 E F0 2.5(7.6. User)87 216.6 +R(Database)2.5 E F1 1.072(The user database is an as-yet e)127 232.8 R +1.072(xperimental attempt to pro)-.15 F 1.073(vide uni\214ed lar)-.15 F +1.073(ge-site name sup-)-.18 F 2.5(port. W)102 244.8 R 2.5(ea)-.8 G +(re installing it at Berk)-2.5 E(ele)-.1 E(y; future v)-.15 E +(ersions may sho)-.15 E 2.5(ws)-.25 G(igni\214cant modi\214cations.)-2.5 +E F0 2.5(7.7. Impr)87 268.8 R -.1(ove)-.18 G 2.5(dB).1 G(IND Support) +-2.5 E F1 .489 +(The BIND support, particularly for MX records, had a number of anno)127 +285 R .489(ying \231features\232 which)-.1 F(ha)102 297 Q 1.212 -.15 +(ve b)-.2 H .912(een remo).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.412(di).15 G 3.412(nt) +-3.412 G .912(his release.)-3.412 F .912(In particular)5.912 F 3.412(,t) +-.4 G .912(hese more tightly bind \(pun intended\) the name)-3.412 F +(serv)102 309 Q(er to)-.15 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1 2.5(,s)C 2.5(ot)-2.5 G +(hat the name serv)-2.5 E +(er resolution rules are incorporated directly into)-.15 E F0(sendmail) +2.5 E F1(.)A F0 2.5(7.8. K)87 333 R(ey)-.25 E(ed Files)-.1 E F1 .366 +(Generalized k)127 349.2 R -.15(ey)-.1 G .366(ed \214les is an idea tak) +.15 F .366(en directly from)-.1 F/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(ID)2.865 E(A) +-.36 E F2(sendmail)2.865 E F1 .365(\(albeit with a completely)2.865 F +(dif)102 361.2 Q(ferent implementation\).)-.25 E(The)5 E 2.5(yc)-.15 G +(an be useful on lar)-2.5 E(ge sites.)-.18 E -1.11(Ve)127 377.4 S +(rsion 8 also understands YP)1.11 E(.)-1.11 E F0 2.5(7.9. Multi-W)87 +401.4 R(ord Classes)-.75 E F1(Classes can no)127 417.6 Q 2.5(wb)-.25 G +2.5(em)-2.5 G(ultiple w)-2.5 E 2.5(ords. F)-.1 F(or e)-.15 E(xample,) +-.15 E(CShofmann.CS.Berk)142 433.8 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E +(allo)102 450 Q 2.663 +(ws you to match the entire string \231hofmann.CS.Berk)-.25 F(ele)-.1 E +-.65(y.)-.15 G 2.664(EDU\232 using the single construct).65 F +(\231$=S\232.)102 462 Q F0 2.5(7.10. Deferr)87 486 R(ed Macr)-.18 E 2.5 +(oE)-.18 G(xpansion)-2.5 E F1(The)127 502.2 Q F0($&)2.5 E F2(x)A F1 +(construct has been adopted from)2.5 E F3(ID)2.5 E(A)-.36 E F1(.)A F0 +2.5(7.11. IDENT)87 526.2 R(Pr)2.5 E(otocol Support)-.18 E F1 +(The IDENT protocol as de\214ned in RFC 1413 is supported.)127 542.4 Q +F0 2.5(7.12. P)87 566.4 R(arsing Bug Fixes)-.1 E F1 4.03(An)127 582.6 S +1.53(umber of small b)-4.03 F 1.53(ugs ha)-.2 F 1.53 +(ving to do with things lik)-.2 F 4.03(eb)-.1 G 1.53 +(ackslash-escaped quotes inside of)-4.03 F(comments ha)102 594.6 Q .3 +-.15(ve b)-.2 H(een \214x).15 E(ed.)-.15 E F0 2.5(7.13. Separate)87 +618.6 R(En)2.5 E -.1(ve)-.4 G(lope/Header Pr).1 E(ocessing)-.18 E F1 +.854(Since the From: line is passed in separately from the en)127 634.8 +R -.15(ve)-.4 G .854(lope sender).15 F 3.354(,t)-.4 G .854(hese ha) +-3.354 F 1.154 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .854(oth been).15 F .428 +(made visible; the)102 646.8 R F0($g)2.928 E F1 .428 +(macro is set to the en)2.928 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .427 +(lope sender during processing of mailer ar).15 F .427(gument v)-.18 F +(ec-)-.15 E(tors and the header sender during processing of headers.)102 +658.8 Q .084(It is also possible to specify separate per)127 675 R .085 +(-mailer en)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .085(lope and header processing.).15 F +(The)5.085 E F0(S)2.585 E F1(ender)A(-)-.2 E -.55(RW)102 687 S .513 +(Set and).55 F F0(R)3.013 E F1(ecipientR)A .513(Wset ar)-.55 F .512 +(guments for mailers can be speci\214ed as)-.18 F F2(en)3.012 E +(velope/header)-.4 E F1 .512(to gi)3.012 F .812 -.15(ve d)-.25 H(if-).15 +E(ferent re)102 699 Q(writings for en)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.4 G(lope v).15 E +(ersus header addresses.)-.15 E EP +%%Page: 66 62 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-66 Sendmail)72 60 R +(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(7.14. Owner)87 96 R +(-List Pr)-.37 E(opagates to En)-.18 E -.1(ve)-.4 G(lope).1 E/F1 10 +/Times-Roman@0 SF 1(When an alias has an associated o)127 112.2 R 1.001 +(wner\255list name, that alias is used to change the en)-.25 F -.15(ve) +-.4 G(lope).15 E(sender address.)102 124.2 Q(This will cause do)5 E +(wnstream errors to be returned to that o)-.25 E(wner)-.25 E(.)-.55 E F0 +2.5(7.15. Dynamic)87 148.2 R(Header Allocation)2.5 E F1(The \214x)127 +164.4 Q(ed size limit on header lines has been eliminated.)-.15 E F0 2.5 +(7.16. 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New)87 438 R(Options) +2.5 E F1(Se)127 454.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .9(ral ne).15 F 3.4(wo)-.25 G .9 +(ptions ha)-3.4 F 1.2 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .9(een added, man).15 F 3.4(yt) +-.15 G 3.4(os)-3.4 G .9(upport ne)-3.4 F 3.4(wf)-.25 G .9 +(eatures, others to allo)-3.4 F 3.4(wt)-.25 G(uning)-3.4 E 1.722(that w) +102 466.2 R 1.722(as pre)-.1 F 1.722(viously a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G +1.722(ilable only by recompiling.).25 F(The)6.722 E 4.222(ya)-.15 G +1.722(re described in detail in Section 5.6.)-4.222 F(Brie\215y)102 +478.2 Q(,)-.65 E 31(bI)102 494.4 S +(nsist on a minimum number of disk blocks.)-31 E 29.33(CS)102 510.6 S +(et checkpoint interv)-29.33 E(al.)-.25 E 29.89(ED)102 526.8 S(ef)-29.89 +E(ault error message.)-.1 E 28.78(GE)102 543 S(nable GECOS matching.) +-28.78 E 31(hM)102 559.2 S(aximum hop count.)-31 E 33.22(jS)102 575.4 S +(end errors in MIME-encapsulated format.)-33.22 E 32.11(JF)102 591.6 S +(orw)-32.26 E(ard \214le path.)-.1 E 31(kC)102 607.8 S +(onnection cache size)-31 E 28.78(KC)102 624 S +(onnection cache lifetime.)-28.78 E 33.22(lE)102 640.2 S .334 +(nable Errors-T)-33.22 F .334(o: header)-.8 F 5.334(.T)-.55 G .334 +(hese headers violate RFC 1123; this option is included to pro-)-5.334 F +(vide back compatibility with old v)138 652.2 Q(ersions of)-.15 E F2 +(sendmail)2.5 E F1(.)A 28.78(OS)102 668.4 S +(et incoming SMTP daemon options, such as an alternate SMTP port.)-28.78 +E 31(pP)102 684.6 S(ri)-31 E -.25(va)-.25 G .3 -.15(cy o).25 H(ptions.) +.15 E 29.33(RD)102 700.8 S(on')-29.33 E 2.5(tp)-.18 G(rune route-addrs.) +-2.5 E EP +%%Page: 67 63 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q +(SMM:08-67)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 28.78(UU)102 96 S +(ser database spec.)-28.78 E 28.78(VF)102 112.2 S +(allback \231MX\232 host.)-28.93 E 28.78<7799>102 128.4 S +(Best MX\232 handling technique.)-28.78 E 31(7D)102 144.6 S 2.5(on)-31 G +(ot run eight bit clean.)-2.5 E 31(8E)102 160.8 S +(ight bit data handling mode.)-31 E F0 2.5(7.20. Extended)87 184.8 R +(Options)2.5 E F1(The)127 201 Q F0(r)3.764 E F1 1.264(\(read timeout\),) +3.764 F F0(I)3.764 E F1 1.264(\(use BIND\), and)3.764 F F0(T)3.764 E F1 +1.264(\(queue timeout\) options ha)3.764 F 1.564 -.15(ve b)-.2 H 1.264 +(een e).15 F 1.264(xtended to)-.15 F(pass in more information.)102 213 Q +F0 2.5(7.21. New)87 237 R(Mailer Flags)2.5 E F1(Se)127 253.2 Q -.15(ve) +-.25 G(ral ne).15 E 2.5(wm)-.25 G(ailer \215ags ha)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve b) +-.2 H(een added.).15 E 31.56(aT)102 269.4 S .636 +(ry to use ESMTP when creating a connection.)-31.91 F .636 +(If this is not set,)5.636 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.136 E F1 +.635(will still try if)3.136 F .22(the other end hints that it kno)138 +281.4 R .221 +(ws about ESMTP in its greeting message; this \215ag says to try)-.25 F +-2.15 -.25(ev e)138 293.4 T 2.596(ni).25 G 2.596(fi)-2.596 G 2.596(td) +-2.596 G(oesn')-2.596 E 2.596(th)-.18 G 2.596(int. If)-2.596 F .095 +(the EHLO \(e)2.595 F .095(xtended hello\) command f)-.15 F(ails,)-.1 E +F2(sendmail)2.595 E F1 -.1(fa)2.595 G .095(lls back to).1 F(old SMTP)138 +305.4 Q(.)-1.11 E 28.78(AT)102 321.6 S +(ry the user part of addresses for this mailer as aliases.)-29.13 E 31 +(bE)102 337.8 S +(nsure that there is a blank line at the end of all messages.)-31 E +31.56(cS)102 354 S .68(trip all comments from addresses; this should only be used as a last resort when dealing) +-31.56 F(with crank)138 366 Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G(ailers.)-2.5 E 31(gN)102 +382.2 S -2.15 -.25(ev e)-31 H 2.641(ru).25 G .141 +(se the null sender as the en)-2.641 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .141(lope sender) +.15 F 2.641(,e)-.4 G -.15(ve)-2.891 G 2.641(nw).15 G .14 +(hen running SMTP)-2.641 F 5.14(.A)-1.11 G .14(lthough this)-5.14 F +1.521(violates RFC 1123, it may be necessary when you must deal with some obnoxious old) +138 394.2 R(hosts.)138 406.2 Q 31(kT)102 422.4 S(urn of)-31.45 E 2.5(ft) +-.25 G(he loopback check in the HELO protocol; doing this may cause mailer loops.) +-2.5 E 31(oA)102 438.6 S -.1(lwa)-31 G +(ys run the mailer as the recipient of the message.).1 E 28.78(wT)102 +454.8 S(his user should ha)-28.78 E .3 -.15(ve a p)-.2 H +(asswd \214le entry).15 E(.)-.65 E 31(5T)102 471 S +(ry ruleset 5 if no local aliases.)-31.35 E 31(7S)102 487.2 S +(trip all output to 7 bits.)-31 E 33.22(:C)102 503.4 S +(heck for :include: \214les.)-33.22 E 34(|C)102 519.6 S +(heck for |program addresses.)-34 E 33.22(/C)102 535.8 S +(heck for /\214le addresses.)-33.22 E 26.79(@C)102 552 S +(heck this user ag)-26.79 E(ainst the user database.)-.05 E F0 2.5 +(7.22. 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Differ)87 244.8 R +(ent Default T)-.18 E(uning P)-.92 E(arameters)-.1 E F1 -1.11(Ve)127 261 +S .8(rsion 8 has changed the def)1.11 F .8 +(ault parameters for tuning queue costs to mak)-.1 F 3.3(et)-.1 G .8 +(he number of)-3.3 F .712(recipients more important than the size of the message \(for small messages\).) +102 273 R .712(This is reasonable if)5.712 F +(you are connected with reasonably f)102 285 Q(ast links.)-.1 E F0 2.5 +(7.27. A)87 309 R(uto-Quoting in Addr)-.5 E(esses)-.18 E F1(Pre)127 +325.2 Q(viously)-.25 E 2.611(,t)-.65 G .111 +(he \231Full Name <email address>\232 syntax w)-2.611 F .111 +(ould generate incorrect protocol output)-.1 F +(if \231Full Name\232 had special characters such as dot.)102 337.2 Q +(This v)5 E(ersion puts quotes around such names.)-.15 E F0 2.5 +(7.28. 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A)72 192.6 R(CKNO)-.55 E(WLEDGEMENTS)-.5 E F1(I')112 208.8 Q 2.036 +-.15(ve w)-.5 H(ork).05 E 1.737(ed on)-.1 F F2(sendmail)4.237 E F1 1.737 +(for man)4.237 F 4.237(yy)-.15 G 1.737(ears, and man)-4.237 F 4.237(ye) +-.15 G(mplo)-4.237 E 1.737(yers ha)-.1 F 2.037 -.15(ve b)-.2 H 1.737 +(een remarkably patient).15 F .404(about letting me w)87 220.8 R .404 +(ork on a lar)-.1 F .404(ge project that w)-.18 F .403 +(as not part of my of)-.1 F .403(\214cial job)-.25 F 5.403(.T)-.4 G .403 +(his includes time on the)-5.403 F .281(INGRES Project at the Uni)87 +232.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .282(rsity of California at Berk).15 F(ele)-.1 E +1.582 -.65(y, a)-.15 H 2.782(tB).65 G .282(ritton Lee, and ag)-2.782 F +.282(ain on the Mammoth)-.05 F(and T)87 244.8 Q(itan Projects at Berk) +-.35 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G .454(Much of the second w)112 261 R +-2.25 -.2(av e)-.1 H .453(of impro)3.153 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .453 +(ments should be credited to Bryan Costales of ICSI.).15 F .453(As he) +5.453 F .781(passed me drafts of his book on)87 273 R F2(sendmail)3.281 +E F1 3.281(Iw)3.281 G .781(as inspired to start w)-3.381 F .781 +(orking on things ag)-.1 F 3.282(ain. Bryan)-.05 F -.1(wa)3.282 G(s).1 E +(also a)87 285 Q -.25(va)-.2 G(ilable to bounce ideas of).25 E 2.5(fo) +-.25 G(f.)-2.5 E(Man)112 301.2 Q 2.857 -.65(y, m)-.15 H(an).65 E 4.057 +(yp)-.15 G 1.557(eople contrib)-4.057 F 1.556 +(uted chunks of code and ideas to)-.2 F F2(sendmail)4.056 E F1 6.556(.I) +C 4.056(th)-6.556 G 1.556(as pro)-4.056 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 4.056(nt).15 G +4.056(ob)-4.056 G 4.056(ea)-4.056 G .463(group netw)87 313.2 R .463 +(ork ef)-.1 F 2.963(fort. V)-.25 F .463(ersion 8 in particular w)-1.11 F +.463(as a group project.)-.1 F .464(The follo)5.464 F .464 +(wing people made notable)-.25 F(contrib)87 325.2 Q(utions:)-.2 E +(John Beck, He)127 341.4 Q(wlett-P)-.25 E(ackard)-.15 E -.25(Ke)127 +353.4 S(ith Bostic, CSRG, Uni).25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G +(rsity of California, Berk).15 E(ele)-.1 E(y)-.15 E(Andre)127 365.4 Q +2.5(wC)-.25 G(heng, Sun Microsystems)-2.5 E(Michael J. Corrig)127 377.4 +Q(an, Uni)-.05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsity of California, San Die).15 E(go) +-.15 E(Bryan Costales, International Computer Science Institute)127 +389.4 Q -.15(Pa)127 401.4 S -.5(..)-4.402 -6 O 2.5(r\().552 6 O +(Pell\) Emanuelsson)-2.5 E(Craig Ev)127 413.4 Q(erhart, T)-.15 E +(ransarc Corporation)-.35 E -.8(To)127 425.4 S 2.5(mI).8 G -.25(va)-2.5 +G 2.5(rH).25 G(elbekkmo, Norwe)-2.5 E(gian School of Economics)-.15 E +(Allan E. Johannesen, WPI)127 437.4 Q(Jonathan Kamens, OpenV)127 449.4 Q +(ision T)-.6 E(echnologies, Inc.)-.7 E -.8(Ta)127 461.4 S +(kahiro Kanbe, Fuji Xerox Information Systems Co., Ltd.).8 E +(Brian Kantor)127 473.4 Q 2.5(,U)-.4 G(ni)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G +(rsity of California, San Die).15 E(go)-.15 E(Murray S. K)127 485.4 Q +(uchera)-.15 E(wy)-.15 E 2.5(,H)-.65 G(ookUp Communication Corp.)-2.5 E +(Bruce Lilly)127 497.4 Q 2.5(,S)-.65 G(on)-2.5 E 2.5(yU)-.15 G(.S.)-2.5 +E(Karl London)127 509.4 Q(Motonori Nakamura, Ritsumeikan Uni)127 521.4 Q +-.15(ve)-.25 G(rsity & K).15 E(yoto Uni)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsity).15 +E(John Gardiner Myers, Carne)127 533.4 Q(gie Mellon Uni)-.15 E -.15(ve) +-.25 G(rsity).15 E(Neil Rick)127 545.4 Q(ert, Northern Illinois Uni)-.1 +E -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsity).15 E(Eric Schnoebelen, Con)127 557.4 Q .3 -.15 +(vex C)-.4 H(omputer Corp.).15 E(Eric W)127 569.4 Q(assenaar)-.8 E 2.5 +(,N)-.4 G(ational Institute for Nuclear and High Ener)-2.5 E(gy Ph)-.18 +E(ysics, Amsterdam)-.05 E(Christophe W)127 581.4 Q(olfhugel, P)-.8 E +(asteur Institute & Herv)-.15 E 2.5(eS)-.15 G(chauer Consultants \(P) +-2.5 E(aris\))-.15 E 3.22(Ia)87 597.6 S .72(pologize for an)-3.22 F .72 +(yone I ha)-.15 F 1.019 -.15(ve o)-.2 H .719 +(mitted, misspelled, misattrib).15 F .719(uted, or otherwise missed.)-.2 +F .719(At this point, I)5.719 F 1.092 +(suspect that at least a hundred people ha)87 609.6 R 1.393 -.15(ve c) +-.2 H(ontrib).15 E 1.093(uted code, and man)-.2 F 3.593(ym)-.15 G 1.093 +(ore ha)-3.593 F 1.393 -.15(ve c)-.2 H(ontrib).15 E 1.093(uted ideas,) +-.2 F 1.534(comments, and encouragement.)87 621.6 R(I')6.534 E 1.834 +-.15(ve t)-.5 H 1.534(ried to list them in the RELEASE_NO).15 F 1.533 +(TES in the distrib)-.4 F(ution)-.2 E(directory)87 633.6 Q 5(.I)-.65 G +(appreciate their contrib)-2.5 E(ution as well.)-.2 E .742 +(Special thanks are reserv)112 649.8 R .742(ed for Michael Corrig)-.15 F +.743(an and Christophe W)-.05 F .743(olfhugel, who besides being)-.8 F +-.1(wo)87 661.8 S 2.1(nderful guinea pigs and contrib).1 F 2.1(utors ha) +-.2 F 2.4 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 2.1(lso consented to be added to the `).15 F +(`sendmail@Send-)-.74 E(mail.ORG')87 673.8 Q 3.61('l)-.74 G 1.11 +(ist and, by answering the b)-3.61 F 1.111 +(ulk of the questions sent to that list, ha)-.2 F 1.411 -.15(ve f)-.2 H +1.111(reed me up to do).15 F(other w)87 685.8 Q(ork.)-.1 E EP +%%Page: 70 66 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 12/Times-Bold@0 SF 3(APPENDIX A)257.172 98.4 R(COMMAND LINE FLA) +224.832 141.6 Q(GS)-.66 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(Ar)97 201 Q +(guments must be presented with \215ags before addresses.)-.18 E +(The \215ags are:)5 E<ad62>72 217.2 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(x)A F1 +(Set operation mode to)56.92 E F2(x)2.5 E F1 5(.O)C(peration modes are:) +-5 E 12.22(mD)184 233.4 S(eli)-12.22 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rm).15 G +(ail \(def)-2.5 E(ault\))-.1 E 16.11(sS)184 245.4 S +(peak SMTP on input side)-16.11 E 8.06(a\207 `)184 257.4 R -.8(`A)-.74 G +(rpanet').8 E 2.5('m)-.74 G(ode \(get en)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.4 G +(lope sender information from header\)).15 E 15(dR)184 269.4 S +(un as a daemon in background)-15 E 12.78(DR)184 281.4 S +(un as a daemon in fore)-12.78 E(ground)-.15 E 17.22(tR)184 293.4 S +(un in test mode)-17.22 E 15(vJ)184 305.4 S(ust v)-15 E +(erify addresses, don')-.15 E 2.5(tc)-.18 G(ollect or deli)-2.5 E -.15 +(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E 17.22(iI)184 317.4 S(nitialize the alias database) +-17.22 E 15(pP)184 329.4 S(rint the mail queue)-15 E<ad42>72 349.8 Q F2 +(type)A F1(Indicate body type.)43.03 E<ad43>72 366 Q F2(\214le)A F1 .947 +(Use a dif)47.47 F .946(ferent con\214guration \214le.)-.25 F F2 +(Sendmail)5.946 E F1 .946(runs as the in)3.446 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .946 +(king user \(rather than root\)).2 F(when this \215ag is speci\214ed.) +144 378 Q<ad64>72 394.2 Q F2(le)A(vel)-.15 E F1(Set deb)42.63 E +(ugging le)-.2 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(l.).15 E<ad66>72 410.4 Q F2(addr)2.5 E +F1(The sender')41.64 E 2.5(sm)-.55 G(achine address is)-2.5 E F2(addr) +2.5 E F1(.)A<ad46>72 426.6 Q F2(name)A F1 +(Sets the full name of this user to)39.14 E F2(name)2.5 E F1(.)A<ad68>72 +442.8 Q F2(cnt)2.5 E F1 .725(Sets the \231hop count\232 to)46.64 F F2 +(cnt)3.225 E F1 5.725(.T)C .726 +(his represents the number of times this message has been)-5.725 F .02 +(processed by)144 454.8 R F2(sendmail)2.52 E F1 .02(\(to the e)2.52 F +.02(xtent that it is supported by the underlying netw)-.15 F(orks\).)-.1 +E F2(Cnt)5.02 E F1 1.521(is incremented during processing, and if it reaches MAXHOP \(currently 30\)) +144 466.8 R F2(sendmail)4.021 E F1(thro)144 478.8 Q(ws a)-.25 E -.1(wa) +-.15 G 2.5(yt).1 G(he message with an error)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E 58.86 +(\255n Don')72 495 R 2.5(td)-.18 G 2.5(oa)-2.5 G(liasing or forw)-2.5 E +(arding.)-.1 E<ad4e>72 511.2 Q F2(noti\214cations)2.5 E F1 -.8(Ta)7.19 G +3.128(ga).8 G .628(ll addresses being sent as w)-3.128 F .628 +(anting the indicated)-.1 F F2(noti\214cations)3.128 E F1 3.127(,w)C +.627(hich consists of the)-3.127 F -.1(wo)144 523.2 S .474 +(rd \231NEVER\232 or a comma-separated list of \231SUCCESS\232, \231F).1 +F .474(AILURE\232, and \231DELA)-.74 F<599a>-1.05 E .86 +(for successful deli)144 535.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E 3.36(,f)-.65 G +.86(ailure, and a message that is stuck in a queue some)-3.46 F 3.36 +(where. The)-.25 F(def)144 547.2 Q(ault is \231F)-.1 E(AILURE,DELA)-.74 +E(Y\232.)-1.05 E<ad72>72 563.4 Q F2(addr)2.5 E F1(An obsolete form of) +41.64 E/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad66>2.5 E F1(.)A<ad6f>72 579.6 Q F2 1.666 +(xv)C(alue)-1.666 E F1(Set option)33.594 E F2(x)2.5 E F1 +(to the speci\214ed)2.5 E F2(value)2.5 E F1 5(.T)C +(hese options are described in Section 5.6.)-5 E<ad4f>72 595.8 Q F2 +(option)A F3(=)A F2(value)A F1(Set)6.22 E F2(option)5.173 E F1 2.674 +(to the speci\214ed)5.173 F F2(value)5.174 E F1 2.674 +(\(for long form option names\).)5.174 F 2.674(These options are)7.674 F +(described in Section 5.6.)144 607.8 Q<ad4d>72 624 Q F2 1.666(xv)C +27.204(alue Set)-1.666 F(macr)2.5 E 2.5(oxt)-.45 G 2.5(ot)-2.5 G +(he speci\214ed value)-2.5 E(.)-.15 E F1<ad70>72 640.2 Q F2(pr)A(otocol) +-.45 E F1 .401(Set the sending protocol.)27.92 F .401 +(Programs are encouraged to set this.)5.401 F .4 +(The protocol \214eld can be)5.401 F .114(in the form)144 652.2 R F2(pr) +2.614 E(otocol)-.45 E F3(:)A F2(host)A F1 .114 +(to set both the sending protocol and sending host.)2.614 F -.15(Fo) +5.115 G 2.615(re).15 G(xample,)-2.765 E 2.147(\231\255pUUCP:uunet\232 sets the sending protocol to UUCP and the sending host to uunet.) +144 664.2 R .973(\(Some e)144 676.2 R .974 +(xisting programs use \255oM to set the r and s macros; this is equi) +-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .974(lent to using).25 F .32 LW 76 685.8 72 685.8 +DL 80 685.8 76 685.8 DL 84 685.8 80 685.8 DL 88 685.8 84 685.8 DL 92 +685.8 88 685.8 DL 96 685.8 92 685.8 DL 100 685.8 96 685.8 DL 104 685.8 +100 685.8 DL 108 685.8 104 685.8 DL 112 685.8 108 685.8 DL 116 685.8 112 +685.8 DL 120 685.8 116 685.8 DL 124 685.8 120 685.8 DL 128 685.8 124 +685.8 DL 132 685.8 128 685.8 DL 136 685.8 132 685.8 DL 140 685.8 136 +685.8 DL 144 685.8 140 685.8 DL 148 685.8 144 685.8 DL 152 685.8 148 +685.8 DL 156 685.8 152 685.8 DL 160 685.8 156 685.8 DL 164 685.8 160 +685.8 DL 168 685.8 164 685.8 DL 172 685.8 168 685.8 DL 176 685.8 172 +685.8 DL 180 685.8 176 685.8 DL 184 685.8 180 685.8 DL 188 685.8 184 +685.8 DL 192 685.8 188 685.8 DL 196 685.8 192 685.8 DL 200 685.8 196 +685.8 DL 204 685.8 200 685.8 DL 208 685.8 204 685.8 DL 212 685.8 208 +685.8 DL 216 685.8 212 685.8 DL/F4 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(\207Deprecated.) +93.6 697.8 Q F3 193.36(SMM:08-70 Sendmail)72 756 R +(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E EP +%%Page: 71 67 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q +(SMM:08-71)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(\255p.\))144 96 Q<ad71>72 +112.2 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(time)A F1 -.35(Tr)44.14 G 3.168(yt).35 G +3.167(op)-3.168 G .667(rocess the queued up mail.)-3.167 F .667 +(If the time is gi)5.667 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .667(n, a).15 F F2(sendmail) +3.167 E F1 .667(will run through the)3.167 F +(queue at the speci\214ed interv)144 124.2 Q(al to deli)-.25 E -.15(ve) +-.25 G 2.5(rq).15 G(ueued mail; otherwise, it only runs once.)-2.5 E +<ad71>72 140.4 Q F2(Xstring)A F1 .312 +(Run the queue once, limiting the jobs to those matching)31.91 F F2 +(Xstring)2.813 E F1 5.313(.T)C .313(he k)-5.313 F .613 -.15(ey l)-.1 H +(etter).15 E F2(X)2.813 E F1 .313(can be)2.813 F F0(I)144 152.4 Q F1 +.671(to limit based on queue identi\214er)3.171 F(,)-.4 E F0(R)3.171 E +F1 .67(to limit based on recipient, or)3.171 F F0(S)3.17 E F1 .67 +(to limit based on)3.17 F(sender)144 164.4 Q 6.053(.A)-.55 G 1.054(particular queued job is accepted if one of the corresponding addresses con-) +-2.5 F(tains the indicated)144 176.4 Q F2(string)2.5 E F1(.)A(\255R ret) +72 192.6 Q 1.687(What information you w)46.64 F 1.687 +(ant returned if the message bounces;)-.1 F F2 -.37(re)4.187 G(t).37 E +F1 1.687(can be \231HDRS\232 for)4.187 F .877 +(headers only or \231FULL\232 for headers plus body)144 204.6 R 5.877 +(.T)-.65 G .878(his is a request only; the other end is)-5.877 F +(not required to honor the parameter)144 216.6 Q(.)-.55 E 61.08 +(\255t Read)72 232.8 R .752(the header for \231T)3.252 F .752 +(o:\232, \231Cc:\232, and \231Bcc:\232 lines, and send to e)-.8 F -.15 +(ve)-.25 G .752(ryone listed in those).15 F 2.539(lists. The)144 244.8 R +.039(\231Bcc:\232 line will be deleted before sending.)2.539 F(An)5.039 +E 2.539(ya)-.15 G .04(ddresses in the ar)-2.539 F .04(gument v)-.18 F +(ec-)-.15 E(tor will be deleted from the send list.)144 256.8 Q 56.64 +(\255U Indicate)72 273 R 1.029 +(that this is an initial User Agent submission.)3.529 F 1.028 +(In future releases, sendmail may)6.028 F 1.12 +(complain about syntactically in)144 285 R -.25(va)-.4 G 1.121 +(lid messages rather than \214xing them when this \215ag is).25 F +(not set.)144 297 Q(\255V en)72 313.2 Q 32.32(vid The)-.4 F(indicated) +3.18 E F2(en)3.18 E(vid)-.4 E F1 .68(is passed with the en)3.18 F -.15 +(ve)-.4 G .679(lope of the message and returned if the mes-).15 F +(sage bounces.)144 325.2 Q<ad58>72 341.4 Q F2(lo)2.5 E(g\214le)-.1 E F1 +.724(Log all traf)31.74 F .724(\214c in and out of)-.25 F F2(sendmail) +3.225 E F1 .725(in the indicated)3.225 F F2(lo)3.225 E(g\214le)-.1 E F1 +.725(for deb)3.225 F .725(ugging mailer prob-)-.2 F 2.5(lems. This)144 +353.4 R(produces a lot of data v)2.5 E +(ery quickly and should be used sparingly)-.15 E(.)-.65 E .638 +(There are a number of options that may be speci\214ed as primiti)97 +369.6 R .937 -.15(ve \215)-.25 H 3.137(ags. These).15 F .637 +(are the e, i, m, and v)3.137 F 2.5(options. Also,)72 381.6 R +(the f option may be speci\214ed as the)2.5 E F0<ad73>2.5 E F1(\215ag.) +2.5 E EP +%%Page: 72 68 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 12/Times-Bold@0 SF 3(APPENDIX B)250.002 98.4 R -.12(QU)220.29 141.6 +S(EUE FILE FORMA).12 E(TS)-1.14 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .291 +(This appendix describes the format of the queue \214les.)97 201 R .292 +(These \214les li)5.292 F .592 -.15(ve i)-.25 H 2.792(nt).15 G .292 +(he directory de\214ned by the)-2.792 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Q)72 213 Q +F1(option in the)2.5 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1 +(\214le, usually)2.5 E F3(/var/spool/mqueue)2.5 E F1(or)2.5 E F3 +(/usr/spool/mqueue)2.5 E F1(.)A .23(All queue \214les ha)97 229.2 R .53 +-.15(ve t)-.2 H .23(he name).15 F F3(x)2.73 E F2(f)1.666 E F3(AAA99999)A +F1(where)2.73 E F3(AAA99999)2.73 E F1 .23(is the)2.73 F F3(id)2.73 E F1 +.229(for this message and the)2.73 F F3(x)2.729 E F1 .229(is a)2.729 F +3.601(type. The)72 241.2 R 1.101(\214rst letter of the id encodes the hour of the day that the message w) +3.601 F 1.101(as recei)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.601(db).15 G 3.601(yt) +-3.601 G 1.101(he system)-3.601 F .552 +(\(with A being the hour between midnight and 1:00AM\).)72 253.2 R .552 +(All \214les with the same id collecti)5.552 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .551 +(ly de\214ne one).15 F(message.)72 265.2 Q(The types are:)97 281.4 Q 31 +(dT)72 297.6 S(he data \214le.)-31 E(The message body \(e)5 E +(xcluding the header\) is k)-.15 E(ept in this \214le.)-.1 E 31(qT)72 +313.8 S(he queue control \214le.)-31 E +(This \214le contains the information necessary to process the job)5 E +(.)-.4 E 33.22(tA)72 330 S .344(temporary \214le.)-30.376 F .344 +(These are an image of the)5.344 F F2(qf)2.844 E F1 .344 +(\214le when it is being reb)2.844 F 2.845(uilt. It)-.2 F .345 +(should be renamed)2.845 F(to a)108 342 Q F2(qf)2.5 E F1(\214le v)2.5 E +(ery quickly)-.15 E(.)-.65 E 31(xA)72 358.2 S .567(transcript \214le, e) +-27.933 F .567(xisting during the life of a session sho)-.15 F .566 +(wing e)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .566(rything that happens during that).15 +F(session.)108 370.2 Q(The)97 386.4 Q F2(qf)3.333 E F1 .833 +(\214le is structured as a series of lines each be)3.333 F .834 +(ginning with a code letter)-.15 F 5.834(.T)-.55 G .834 +(he lines are as fol-)-5.834 F(lo)72 398.4 Q(ws:)-.25 E 28.78(VT)72 +414.6 S .82(he v)-28.78 F .82 +(ersion number of the queue \214le format, used to allo)-.15 F 3.319(wn) +-.25 G -.25(ew)-3.319 G F3(sendmail)3.569 E F1 .819 +(binaries to read queue)3.319 F .003(\214les created by older v)108 +426.6 R 2.504(ersions. Def)-.15 F .004(aults to v)-.1 F .004 +(ersion zero.)-.15 F .004 +(Must be the \214rst line of the \214le if present.)5.004 F 28.78(HA)72 +442.8 S .33(header de\214nition.)-25.95 F .33(There may be an)5.33 F +2.829(yn)-.15 G .329(umber of these lines.)-2.829 F .329 +(The order is important: the)5.329 F 2.829(yr)-.15 G(epre-)-2.829 E .046 +(sent the order in the \214nal message.)108 454.8 R .046 +(These use the same syntax as header de\214nitions in the con\214gu-) +5.046 F(ration \214le.)108 466.8 Q 29.33(CT)72 483 S .575 +(he controlling address.)-29.33 F .575 +(The syntax is \231localuser:aliasname\232.)5.575 F .575 +(Recipient addresses follo)5.575 F .575(wing this)-.25 F 2.814 +(line will be \215agged so that deli)108 495 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.814 +(ries will be run as the).15 F F3(localuser)5.314 E F1 2.814 +(\(a user name from the)5.314 F .562(/etc/passwd \214le\);)108 507 R F3 +(aliasname)3.062 E F1 .561(is the name of the alias that e)3.062 F .561 +(xpanded to this address \(used for print-)-.15 F(ing messages\).)108 +519 Q 28.78(QT)72 535.2 S .797(he `)-28.78 F .797(`original recipient') +-.74 F .798 +(', speci\214ed by the ORCPT= \214eld in an ESMTP transaction.)-.74 F +.798(Used e)5.798 F(xclu-)-.15 E(si)108 547.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G +(ly for Deli).15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry Status Noti\214cations.).15 E +(It applies only to the immediately follo)5 E(wing `R' line.)-.25 E +29.33(RA)72 563.4 S .705(recipient address.)-26.125 F .705 +(This will normally be completely aliased, b)5.705 F .705 +(ut is actually realiased when the)-.2 F .492(job is processed.)108 +575.4 R .492(There will be one line for each recipient.)5.492 F -1.11 +(Ve)5.492 G .493(rsion 1 qf \214les also include a lead-)1.11 F .689(ing colon-terminated list of \215ags, which can be `S' to return a message on successful \214nal deli) +108 587.4 R(v-)-.25 E(ery)108 599.4 Q 3.327(,`)-.65 G .828 +(F' to return a message on f)-3.327 F .828 +(ailure, `D' to return a message if the message is delayed, `B' to)-.1 F +.941(indicate that the body should be returned, `N' to suppress returning the body) +108 611.4 R 3.44(,a)-.65 G .94(nd `P' to declare)-3.44 F(this as a `)108 +623.4 Q(`primary')-.74 E 2.5('\()-.74 G +(command line or SMTP-session\) address.)-2.5 E 30.44(ST)72 639.6 S +(he sender address.)-30.44 E(There may only be one of these lines.)5 E +29.89(TT)72 655.8 S(he job creation time.)-29.89 E +(This is used to compute when to time out the job)5 E(.)-.4 E 30.44(PT) +72 672 S .113(he current message priority)-30.44 F 5.113(.T)-.65 G .113 +(his is used to order the queue.)-5.113 F .114(Higher numbers mean lo) +5.114 F .114(wer priori-)-.25 F 3.677(ties. The)108 684 R 1.176 +(priority changes as the message sits in the queue.)3.677 F 1.176 +(The initial priority depends on the)6.176 F +(message class and the size of the message.)108 696 Q 27.11(MA)72 712.2 +S 2.703(message. This)-24.407 F .203(line is printed by the)2.703 F F3 +(mailq)2.703 E F1 .204 +(command, and is generally used to store status infor)2.704 F(-)-.2 E +2.5(mation. It)108 724.2 R(can contain an)2.5 E 2.5(yt)-.15 G -.15(ex) +-2.5 G(t.).15 E F2 193.36(SMM:08-72 Sendmail)72 756 R +(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E EP +%%Page: 73 69 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q +(SMM:08-73)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 30.44(FF)72 96 S .044 +(lag bits, represented as one letter per \215ag.)-30.44 F .043 +(De\214ned \215ag bits are)5.043 F F0(r)2.543 E F1 .043 +(indicating that this is a response)2.543 F .142(message and)108 108 R +F0(w)2.642 E F1 .142(indicating that a w)2.642 F .143 +(arning message has been sent announcing that the mail has been)-.1 F +(delayed.)108 120 Q 28.78(NT)72 136.2 S(he total number of deli)-28.78 E +-.15(ve)-.25 G(ry attempts.).15 E 28.78(KT)72 152.4 S +(he time \(as seconds since January 1, 1970\) of the last deli)-28.78 E +-.15(ve)-.25 G(ry attempt.).15 E 32.67(IT)72 168.6 S .725 +(he i-number of the data \214le; this can be used to reco)-32.67 F -.15 +(ve)-.15 G 3.224(ry).15 G .724(our mail queue after a disastrous disk) +-3.224 F(crash.)108 180.6 Q 31($A)72 196.8 S .829(macro de\214nition.) +-27.671 F .829(The v)5.829 F .829 +(alues of certain macros \(as of this writing, only)-.25 F F0($r)3.33 E +F1(and)3.33 E F0($s)3.33 E F1 3.33(\)a)C .83(re passed)-3.33 F +(through to the queue run phase.)108 208.8 Q 29.33(BT)72 225 S .925 +(he body type.)-29.33 F .925(The remainder of the line is a te)5.925 F +.925(xt string de\214ning the body type.)-.15 F .924(If this \214eld is) +5.924 F .009(missing, the body type is assumed to be \231unde\214ned\232 and no special processing is attempted.) +108 237 R(Le)5.009 E -.05(ga)-.15 G(l).05 E -.25(va)108 249 S +(lues are \2317BIT\232 and \2318BITMIME\232.).25 E 28.78(OT)72 265.2 S +(he original MTS v)-28.78 E(alue \(from the ESMTP transaction\).)-.25 E +-.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(rD).15 G(eli)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rS).15 G +(tatus Noti\214cations only)-2.5 E(.)-.65 E 29.89(ZT)72 281.4 S +(he original en)-29.89 E -.15(ve)-.4 G +(lope id \(from the ESMTP transaction\).).15 E -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(rD).15 G +(eli)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rS).15 G(tatus Noti\214cations only)-2.5 +E(.)-.65 E 4.073(As an e)97 297.6 R 4.073(xample, the follo)-.15 F 4.072 +(wing is a queue \214le sent to \231eric@mammoth.Berk)-.25 F(ele)-.1 E +-.65(y.)-.15 G 4.072(EDU\232 and).65 F(\231bostic@ok)72 311.6 Q(eef)-.1 +E(fe.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU\232).65 E/F2 7 +/Times-Roman@0 SF(1)-4 I F1(:)4 I(P835771)112 327.8 Q(T404261372)112 +339.8 Q(Seric)112 351.8 Q(Ceric:sendmail@v)112 363.8 Q(angogh.CS.Berk) +-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E(Reric@mammoth.Berk)112 375.8 Q +(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E(Rbostic@ok)112 387.8 Q(eef)-.1 E +(fe.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E +(H?P?return-path: <o)112 399.8 Q(wner)-.25 E(-sendmail@v)-.2 E +(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU>).65 E(Hrecei)112 +411.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(d: by v).15 E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E +-.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU \(5.108/2.7\) id AAA06703;).65 E +(Fri, 17 Jul 92 00:28:55 -0700)132 423.8 Q(Hrecei)112 435.8 Q -.15(ve) +-.25 G(d: from mail.CS.Berk).15 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU by v).65 +E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU \(5.108/2.7\)).65 E +(id AAA06698; Fri, 17 Jul 92 00:28:54 -0700)132 447.8 Q(Hrecei)112 459.8 +Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(d: from [128.32.31.21] by mail.CS.Berk).15 E(ele)-.1 E +-.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU \(5.96/2.5\)).65 E +(id AA22777; Fri, 17 Jul 92 03:29:14 -0400)132 471.8 Q(Hrecei)112 483.8 +Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(d: by foo.bar).15 E(.baz.de \(5.57/Ultrix3.0-C\))-.55 E +(id AA22757; Fri, 17 Jul 92 09:31:25 GMT)132 495.8 Q +(H?F?from: eric@foo.bar)112 507.8 Q(.baz.de \(Eric Allman\))-.55 E +(H?x?full-name: Eric Allman)112 519.8 Q +(Hmessage-id: <9207170931.AA22757@foo.bar)112 531.8 Q(.baz.de>)-.55 E +(HT)112 543.8 Q(o: sendmail@v)-.8 E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65 +(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E(Hsubject: this is an e)112 555.8 Q(xample message) +-.15 E .658(This sho)72 572 R .658(ws the person who sent the message, the submission time \(in seconds since January 1, 1970\), the) +-.25 F(message priority)72 584 Q 2.5(,t)-.65 G +(he message class, the recipients, and the headers for the message.)-2.5 +E .32 LW 76 669.2 72 669.2 DL 80 669.2 76 669.2 DL 84 669.2 80 669.2 DL +88 669.2 84 669.2 DL 92 669.2 88 669.2 DL 96 669.2 92 669.2 DL 100 669.2 +96 669.2 DL 104 669.2 100 669.2 DL 108 669.2 104 669.2 DL 112 669.2 108 +669.2 DL 116 669.2 112 669.2 DL 120 669.2 116 669.2 DL 124 669.2 120 +669.2 DL 128 669.2 124 669.2 DL 132 669.2 128 669.2 DL 136 669.2 132 +669.2 DL 140 669.2 136 669.2 DL 144 669.2 140 669.2 DL 148 669.2 144 +669.2 DL 152 669.2 148 669.2 DL 156 669.2 152 669.2 DL 160 669.2 156 +669.2 DL 164 669.2 160 669.2 DL 168 669.2 164 669.2 DL 172 669.2 168 +669.2 DL 176 669.2 172 669.2 DL 180 669.2 176 669.2 DL 184 669.2 180 +669.2 DL 188 669.2 184 669.2 DL 192 669.2 188 669.2 DL 196 669.2 192 +669.2 DL 200 669.2 196 669.2 DL 204 669.2 200 669.2 DL 208 669.2 204 +669.2 DL 212 669.2 208 669.2 DL 216 669.2 212 669.2 DL/F3 5 +/Times-Roman@0 SF(1)93.6 679.6 Q/F4 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .718(This e)3.2 J +.718(xample is contri)-.12 F -.12(ve)-.2 G 2.718(da).12 G .718 +(nd probably inaccurate for your en)-2.718 F 2.719(vironment. 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B)72 124.8 R +(ASIC INST)-.35 E(ALLA)-.93 E 1.18(TION ...............................................................................................................) +-1.11 F(7)31 E 2.5(1.1. Compiling)87 139.2 R .43(Sendmail ..............................................................................................................) +2.5 F(7)31 E 2.5(1.1.1. T)102 153.6 R(weaking the Mak)-.8 E 1.64(e\214le .................................................................................................) +-.1 F(7)31 E 2.5(1.1.2. Compilation)102 168 R(and installation)2.5 E +28.5(........................................................................................ 8) +4.6 F 2.5(1.2. Con\214guration)87 182.4 R .99(Files ................................................................................................................) +2.5 F(8)31 E 2.5(1.3. 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