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/F0 16/Times-Bold@0 SF(SENDMAIL)244.888 143.4 Q/F1 12/Times-Bold@0 SF
(INST)170.172 172.2 Q(ALLA)-1.08 E(TION AND OPERA)-1.14 E(TION GUIDE)
-1.14 E/F2 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(Eric Allman)263.42 196.2 Q
(eric@Sendmail.ORG)245.205 208.2 Q -1.11(Ve)260.225 232.2 S(rsion 8.106)
1.11 E -.15(Fo)236.965 256.2 S 2.5(rS).15 G(endmail V)-2.5 E(ersion 8.8)
-1.11 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Sendmail)97 300.6 Q F2 .482
(implements a general purpose internetw)2.982 F .482(ork mail routing f)
-.1 F .481(acility under the UNIX\256 operat-)-.1 F .378(ing system.)72
312.6 R .378(It is not tied to an)5.378 F 2.878(yo)-.15 G .378
(ne transport protocol \212 its function may be lik)-2.878 F .378
(ened to a crossbar switch,)-.1 F 1.036
(relaying messages from one domain into another)72 324.6 R 6.036(.I)-.55
G 3.536(nt)-6.036 G 1.036
(he process, it can do a limited amount of message)-3.536 F .604(header editing to put the message into a format that is appropriate for the recei)
72 336.6 R .604(ving domain.)-.25 F .604(All of this is)5.604 F
(done under the control of a con\214guration \214le.)72 348.6 Q .711
(Due to the requirements of \215e)97 364.8 R .711(xibility for)-.15 F F3
(sendmail)3.211 E F2 3.211(,t)C .71
(he con\214guration \214le can seem some)-3.211 F .71(what unap-)-.25 F
2.893(proachable. Ho)72 376.8 R(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.193 -.4(r, t)
.15 H .393(here are only a fe).4 F 2.893(wb)-.25 G .394
(asic con\214gurations for most sites, for which standard con\214gu-)
-2.893 F .646(ration \214les ha)72 388.8 R .946 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .646
(een supplied.).15 F .645(Most other con\214gurations can be b)5.646 F
.645(uilt by adjusting an e)-.2 F .645(xisting con\214gura-)-.15 F
(tion \214les incrementally)72 400.8 Q(.)-.65 E F3(Sendmail)97 417 Q F2
.15(is based on RFC821 \(Simple Mail T)2.65 F .15
(ransport Protocol\), RFC822 \(Internet Mail F)-.35 F .15(ormat Pro-)
-.15 F .423(tocol\), RFC1123 \(Internet Host Requirements\), RFC1521 \(MIME\), RFC1651 \(SMTP Service Extensions\),)
72 429 R 2.022(RFC1891 \(SMTP Deli)72 441 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.022(ry Status Noti\214cations\), RFC1892 \(Multipart/Report\), RFC1893 \(Mail System)
.15 F 2.365(Status Codes\), RFC1894 \(Deli)72 453 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.364
(ry Status Noti\214cations\), and RFC1985 \(SMTP Service Extension for)
.15 F .251(Remote Message Queue Starting\).)72 465 R(Ho)5.251 E(we)-.25
E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.051 -.4(r, s).15 H(ince).4 E F3(sendmail)2.751 E F2
.251(is designed to w)2.751 F .251(ork in a wider w)-.1 F .252
(orld, in man)-.1 F(y)-.15 E(cases it can be con\214gured to e)72 477 Q
(xceed these protocols.)-.15 E(These cases are described herein.)5 E
(Although)97 493.2 Q F3(sendmail)3.548 E F2 1.047(is intended to run without the need for monitoring, it has a number of features)
3.548 F 1.972(that may be used to monitor or adjust the operation under unusual circumstances.)
72 505.2 R 1.972(These features are)6.972 F(described.)72 517.2 Q .817
(Section one describes ho)97 533.4 R 3.317(wt)-.25 G 3.317(od)-3.317 G
3.317(oa)-3.317 G(basic)-.001 E F3(sendmail)3.316 E F2 3.316
(installation. Section)3.316 F(tw)3.316 E 3.316(oe)-.1 G .816
(xplains the day-to-day)-3.466 F .282(information you should kno)72
545.4 R 2.782(wt)-.25 G 2.782(om)-2.782 G .282
(aintain your mail system.)-2.782 F .282(If you ha)5.282 F .583 -.15
(ve a r)-.2 H(elati).15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .283(ly normal site, these tw)
.15 F(o)-.1 E .635(sections should contain suf)72 557.4 R .635
(\214cient information for you to install)-.25 F F3(sendmail)3.135 E F2
.634(and k)3.135 F .634(eep it happ)-.1 F 4.434 -.65(y. S)-.1 H .634
(ection three).65 F .925
(describes some parameters that may be safely tweak)72 569.4 R 3.425
(ed. Section)-.1 F .925(four has information re)3.425 F -.05(ga)-.15 G
.925(rding the com-).05 F .886(mand line ar)72 581.4 R 3.386
(guments. Section)-.18 F<8c76>3.386 E 3.386(ec)-.15 G .885
(ontains the nitty-gritty information about the con\214guration \214le.)
-3.386 F(This)5.885 E .004
(section is for masochists and people who must write their o)72 593.4 R
.005(wn con\214guration \214le.)-.25 F .005(Section six describes con-)
5.005 F .886(\214guration that can be done at compile time.)72 605.4 R
.886(Section se)5.886 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.386(ng).15 G -2.15 -.25(iv e)
-3.386 H 3.386(sab).25 G .886(rief description of dif)-3.386 F .885
(ferences in this)-.25 F -.15(ve)72 617.4 S 1.619(rsion of).15 F F3
(sendmail)4.119 E F2 6.619(.T)C 1.619(he appendix)-6.619 F 1.619(es gi)
-.15 F 1.919 -.15(ve a b)-.25 H 1.619(rief b).15 F 1.619(ut detailed e)
-.2 F 1.62(xplanation of a number of features not)-.15 F
(described in the rest of the paper)72 629.4 Q(.)-.55 E/F4 10
/Times-Bold@0 SF -1.2(WA)97 645.6 S(RNING:)1.2 E F2(Se)3.268 E -.15(ve)
-.25 G .767(ral major changes were introduced in v).15 F .767
(ersion 8.7.)-.15 F -1.1(Yo)5.767 G 3.267(us)1.1 G .767
(hould not attempt to use)-3.267 F(this document for prior v)72 657.6 Q
(ersions of)-.15 E F3(sendmail)2.5 E F2(.)A F4
(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 756 Q(SMM:08-1)200.86 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-7)200.86 E 2.5(1. B)72 96 R(ASIC INST)-.3 E(ALLA)-.9 E(TION)-.95
E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .233(There are tw)112 112.2 R 2.733(ob)-.1 G
.233(asic steps to installing)-2.733 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)
2.733 E F1 5.233(.T)C .233(he hard part is to b)-5.233 F .234
(uild the con\214guration table.)-.2 F 1.186(This is a \214le that)87
124.2 R F2(sendmail)3.686 E F1 1.186
(reads when it starts up that describes the mailers it kno)3.686 F 1.185
(ws about, ho)-.25 F 3.685(wt)-.25 G(o)-3.685 E .714
(parse addresses, ho)87 136.2 R 3.214(wt)-.25 G 3.214(or)-3.214 G -.25
(ew)-3.214 G .715(rite the message header).25 F 3.215(,a)-.4 G .715
(nd the settings of v)-3.215 F .715(arious options.)-.25 F .715
(Although the)5.715 F .852(con\214guration table is quite comple)87
148.2 R .852(x, a con\214guration can usually be b)-.15 F .852
(uilt by adjusting an e)-.2 F .852(xisting of)-.15 F(f-)-.25 E 1.077
(the-shelf con\214guration.)87 160.2 R 1.078(The second part is actually doing the installation, i.e., creating the necessary)
6.077 F(\214les, etc.)87 172.2 Q .192
(The remainder of this section will describe the installation of)112
188.4 R F2(sendmail)2.692 E F1 .192(assuming you can use one)2.692 F
1.431(of the e)87 200.4 R 1.432(xisting con\214gurations and that the standard installation parameters are acceptable.)
-.15 F 1.432(All path-)6.432 F .977(names and e)87 212.4 R .976
(xamples are gi)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.476(nf).15 G .976
(rom the root of the)-3.476 F F2(sendmail)3.476 E F1 .976
(subtree, normally)3.476 F F2(/usr/sr)3.476 E(c/usr)-.37 E(.sbin/send-)
-1.11 E(mail)87 224.4 Q F1(on 4.4BSD.)2.5 E .542
(If you are loading this of)112 240.6 R 3.042(ft)-.25 G .542
(he tape, continue with the ne)-3.042 F .542(xt section.)-.15 F .542
(If you ha)5.542 F .843 -.15(ve a r)-.2 H .543(unning binary).15 F
(already on your system, you should probably skip to section 1.2.)87
252.6 Q F0 2.5(1.1. Compiling)87 276.6 R(Sendmail)2.5 E F1(All)127 292.8
Q F2(sendmail)2.935 E F1 .435(source is in the)2.935 F F2(sr)2.935 E(c)
-.37 E F1(subdirectory)2.934 E 5.434(.I)-.65 G 2.934(fy)-5.434 G .434
(ou are running on a 4.4BSD system, com-)-2.934 F .178
(pile by typing \231mak)102 304.8 R 2.678(e\232. On)-.1 F .179
(other systems, you may ha)2.679 F .479 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.679(om).15 G
(ak)-2.679 E 2.679(es)-.1 G .179(ome other adjustments.)-2.679 F .179
(On most)5.179 F
(systems, you can do the appropriate compilation by typing)102 316.8 Q
(sh mak)142 333 Q(esendmail)-.1 E .364(This will lea)102 349.2 R .664
-.15(ve t)-.2 H .364(he binary in an appropriately named subdirectory)
.15 F 5.364(.I)-.65 G 2.864(tw)-5.364 G .364(orks for multiple object v)
-2.964 F(er)-.15 E(-)-.2 E(sions compiled out of the same directory)102
361.2 Q(.)-.65 E F0 2.5(1.1.1. T)102 385.2 R(weaking the Mak)-.74 E
(e\214le)-.1 E F2(Sendmail)142 401.4 Q F1 2.18(supports tw)4.68 F 4.681
(od)-.1 G(if)-4.681 E 2.181(ferent formats for the local \(on disk\) v)
-.25 F 2.181(ersion of databases,)-.15 F(notably the)117 413.4 Q F2
(aliases)2.5 E F1 2.5(database. At)2.5 F
(least one of these should be de\214ned if at all possible.)2.5 E 39.5
(NDBM The)117 429.6 R -.74(``)3.167 G(ne).74 E 3.167(wD)-.25 G(BM')
-3.167 E 3.167('f)-.74 G .667(ormat, a)-3.167 F -.25(va)-.2 G .666
(ilable on nearly all systems around today).25 F 5.666(.T)-.65 G(his)
-5.666 E -.1(wa)189 441.6 S 3.54(st).1 G 1.041
(he preferred format prior to 4.4BSD.)-3.54 F 1.041(It allo)6.041 F
1.041(ws such comple)-.25 F 3.541(xt)-.15 G 1.041(hings as)-3.541 F
(multiple databases and closing a currently open database.)189 453.6 Q
32.84(NEWDB The)117 469.8 R(ne)3.324 E 3.324(wd)-.25 G .824
(atabase package from Berk)-3.324 F(ele)-.1 E 4.624 -.65(y. I)-.15 H
3.324(fy).65 G .824(ou ha)-3.324 F 1.124 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .824
(his, use it.).15 F .823(It allo)5.823 F(ws)-.25 E .839(long records, multiple open databases, real in-memory caching, and so forth.)
189 481.8 R -1.1(Yo)189 493.8 S 3.582(uc)1.1 G 1.081
(an de\214ne this in conjunction with one of the other tw)-3.582 F 1.081
(o; if you do, old)-.1 F .692(databases are read, b)189 505.8 R .693
(ut when a ne)-.2 F 3.193(wd)-.25 G .693
(atabase is created it will be in NEWDB)-3.193 F 2.852(format. As)189
517.8 R 2.852(an)2.852 G .352(asty hack, if you ha)-2.852 F .651 -.15
(ve N)-.2 H .351(EWDB, NDBM, and NIS de\214ned, and).15 F .951
(if the alias \214le name includes the substring \231/yp/\232,)189 529.8
R F2(sendmail)3.452 E F1 .952(will create both)3.452 F(ne)189 541.8 Q
3.976(wa)-.25 G 1.476(nd old v)-3.976 F 1.475
(ersions of the alias \214le during a)-.15 F F2(ne)3.975 E(walias)-.15 E
F1 3.975(command. This)3.975 F(is)3.975 E .711
(required because the Sun NIS/YP system reads the DBM v)189 553.8 R .711
(ersion of the alias)-.15 F 2.5(\214le. It')189 565.8 R 2.5(su)-.55 G
(gly as sin, b)-2.5 E(ut it w)-.2 E(orks.)-.1 E 1.112
(If neither of these are de\214ned,)117 582 R F2(sendmail)3.612 E F1
1.112(reads the alias \214le into memory on e)3.612 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
1.112(ry in).15 F -.2(vo)-.4 G(cation.).2 E 1.042(This can be slo)117
594 R 3.542(wa)-.25 G 1.043(nd should be a)-3.542 F -.2(vo)-.2 G 3.543
(ided. There).2 F 1.043(are also se)3.543 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.043
(ral methods for remote database).15 F(access:)117 606 Q 53.39(NIS Sun')
117 622.2 R 2.5(sN)-.55 G(etw)-2.5 E
(ork Information Services \(formerly YP\).)-.1 E 28.94(NISPLUS Sun')117
638.4 R 2.5(sN)-.55 G(IS+ services.)-2.5 E 26.73(NETINFO NeXT')117 654.6
R 2.5(sN)-.55 G(etInfo service.)-2.5 E 32.84(HESIOD Hesiod)117 670.8 R
(service \(from Athena\).)2.5 E .042(Other compilation \215ags are set in conf.h and should be prede\214ned for you unless you are porting)
117 687 R(to a ne)117 699 Q 2.5(we)-.25 G -.4(nv)-2.5 G(ironment.).4 E
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 198.36(SMM:08-8 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(1.1.2. Compilation)102 96 R
(and installation)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .308
(After making the local system con\214guration described abo)142 112.2 R
-.15(ve)-.15 G 2.809(,Y).15 G .309(ou should be able to com-)-3.909 F
(pile and install the system.)117 124.2 Q(The script \231mak)5 E
(esendmail\232 is the best approach on most systems:)-.1 E(sh mak)157
140.4 Q(esendmail)-.1 E(This will use)117 156.6 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0
SF(uname)2.5 E F1(\(1\) to select the correct Mak)A(e\214le for your en)
-.1 E(vironment.)-.4 E -1.1(Yo)142 172.8 S 2.5(um)1.1 G
(ay be able to install using)-2.5 E(sh mak)157 189 Q(esendmail install)
-.1 E 3.346(This should install the binary in /usr/sbin and create links from /usr/bin/ne)
117 205.2 R -.1(wa)-.25 G 3.345(liases and).1 F 1.576
(/usr/bin/mailq to /usr/sbin/sendmail.)117 217.2 R 1.577
(On 4.4BSD systems it will also format and install man)6.576 F(pages.)
117 229.2 Q F0 2.5(1.2. Con\214guration)87 253.2 R(Files)2.5 E F2
(Sendmail)127 269.4 Q F1 2.079
(cannot operate without a con\214guration \214le.)4.58 F 2.079
(The con\214guration de\214nes the mail)7.079 F(deli)102 281.4 Q -.15
(ve)-.25 G .888(ry mechanisms understood at this site, ho).15 F 3.389
(wt)-.25 G 3.389(oa)-3.389 G .889(ccess them, ho)-3.389 F 3.389(wt)-.25
G 3.389(of)-3.389 G(orw)-3.389 E .889(ard email to remote)-.1 F .088
(mail systems, and a number of tuning parameters.)102 293.4 R .088
(This con\214guration \214le is detailed in the later por)5.088 F(-)-.2
E(tion of this document.)102 305.4 Q(The)127 321.6 Q F2(sendmail)2.764 E
F1 .264(con\214guration can be daunting at \214rst.)2.764 F .264(The w)
5.264 F .264(orld is comple)-.1 F .264(x, and the mail con-)-.15 F .109
(\214guration re\215ects that.)102 333.6 R .109(The distrib)5.109 F .108
(ution includes an m4-based con\214guration package that hides a lot)-.2
F(of the comple)102 345.6 Q(xity)-.15 E(.)-.65 E .47
(These con\214guration \214les are simpler than old v)127 361.8 R .47
(ersions lar)-.15 F .47(gely because the w)-.18 F .47(orld has become)
-.1 F 1.449(simpler; in particular)102 373.8 R 3.949(,t)-.4 G -.15(ex)
-3.949 G 1.449(t-based host \214les are of).15 F 1.448
(\214cially eliminated, ob)-.25 F 1.448
(viating the need to \231hide\232)-.15 F(hosts behind a re)102 385.8 Q
(gistered internet g)-.15 E(ate)-.05 E -.1(wa)-.25 G -.65(y.).1 G .092(These \214les also assume that most of your neighbors use domain-based UUCP addressing; that)
127 402 R .361(is, instead of naming hosts as \231host!user\232 the)102
414 R 2.861(yw)-.15 G .361(ill use \231host.domain!user\232.)-2.861 F
.36(The con\214guration \214les)5.36 F(can be customized to w)102 426 Q
(ork around this, b)-.1 E(ut it is more comple)-.2 E(x.)-.15 E .657
(Our con\214guration \214les are processed by)127 442.2 R F2(m4)3.158 E
F1 .658(to f)3.158 F .658(acilitate local customization; the directory)
-.1 F F2(cf)3.158 E F1 .397(of the)102 454.2 R F2(sendmail)2.897 E F1
(distrib)2.896 E .396(ution directory contains the source \214les.)-.2 F
.396(This directory contains se)5.396 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .396(ral sub-).15
F(directories:)102 466.2 Q 61.73(cf Both)102 482.4 R .56
(site-dependent and site-independent descriptions of hosts.)3.06 F .56
(These can be lit-)5.56 F .445(eral host names \(e.g., \231ucb)174 494.4
R -.25(va)-.15 G .445(x.mc\232\) when the hosts are g).25 F(ate)-.05 E
-.1(wa)-.25 G .445(ys or more general).1 F 1.812(descriptions \(such as \231tcpproto.mc\232 as a general description of an SMTP-con-)
174 506.4 R 1.98(nected host or \231uucpproto.mc\232 as a general description of a UUCP-connected)
174 518.4 R 3.291(host\). Files)174 530.4 R(ending)3.291 E F0(.mc)3.291
E F1(\(`)3.291 E .791(`Master Con\214guration')-.74 F .791
('\) are the input descriptions; the)-.74 F 2.14
(output is in the corresponding)174 542.4 R F0(.cf)4.64 E F1 4.64
(\214le. The)4.64 F 2.14(general structure of these \214les is)4.64 F
(described belo)174 554.4 Q -.65(w.)-.25 G 39.5(domain Site-dependent)
102 570.6 R .428(subdomain descriptions.)2.928 F .428
(These are tied to the w)5.428 F .428(ay your or)-.1 F -.05(ga)-.18 G
(niza-).05 E .292(tion w)174 582.6 R .292(ants to do addressing.)-.1 F
-.15(Fo)5.292 G 2.792(re).15 G(xample,)-2.942 E F0(domain/cs.exposed.m4)
2.792 E F1 .292(is our descrip-)2.792 F .442
(tion for hosts in the CS.Berk)174 594.6 R(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G .443
(EDU subdomain that w).65 F .443(ant their indi)-.1 F .443(vidual host-)
-.25 F .963(name to be e)174 606.6 R .963(xternally visible;)-.15 F F0
(domain/cs.hidden.m4)3.463 E F1 .963(is the same e)3.463 F .962
(xcept that the)-.15 F 2.627(hostname is hidden \(e)174 618.6 R -.15(ve)
-.25 G 2.628(rything looks lik).15 F 5.128(ei)-.1 G 5.128(tc)-5.128 G
2.628(omes from CS.Berk)-5.128 F(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU\).).65 E
(These are referenced using the)174 630.6 Q/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF
(DOMAIN)2.5 E F0(m4)2.5 E F1(macro in the)2.5 E F0(.mc)2.5 E F1(\214le.)
2.5 E 41.74(feature De\214nitions)102 646.8 R .728
(of speci\214c features that some particular host in your site might w)
3.229 F(ant.)-.1 E 2.466(These are referenced using the)174 658.8 R F3
(FEA)4.966 E(TURE)-.999 E F0(m4)4.966 E F1 4.966(macro. An)4.966 F -.15
(ex)4.967 G 2.467(ample feature is).15 F 1.317
(use_cw_\214le \(which tells)174 670.8 R F2(sendmail)3.817 E F1 1.316
(to read an /etc/sendmail.cw \214le on startup to)3.817 F
(\214nd the set of local names\).)174 682.8 Q 50.62(hack Local)102 699 R
1.886(hacks, referenced using the)4.386 F F3(HA)4.386 E(CK)-.36 E F0(m4)
4.386 E F1 4.386(macro. T)4.386 F 1.886(ry to a)-.35 F -.2(vo)-.2 G
1.886(id these.).2 F(The)6.887 E(point of ha)174 711 Q
(ving them here is to mak)-.2 E 2.5(ei)-.1 G 2.5(tc)-2.5 G
(lear that the)-2.5 E 2.5(ys)-.15 G(mell.)-2.5 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-9)200.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 56.72(m4 Site-independent)102
96 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(m4)2.538 E F1 .038
(\(1\) include \214les that ha)B .338 -.15(ve i)-.2 H .038
(nformation common to all con\214gu-).15 F(ration \214les.)174 108 Q
(This can be thought of as a \231#include\232 directory)5 E(.)-.65 E
43.95(mailer De\214nitions)102 124.2 R .152
(of mailers, referenced using the)2.652 F/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(MAILER)
2.652 E F0(m4)2.652 E F1 2.652(macro. The)2.652 F .153(mailer types)
2.652 F 1.787(that are kno)174 136.2 R 1.787(wn in this distrib)-.25 F
1.787(ution are f)-.2 F 1.787(ax, local, smtp, uucp, and usenet.)-.1 F
-.15(Fo)6.786 G(r).15 E -.15(ex)174 148.2 S(ample, to include support for the UUCP-based mailers, use \231MAILER\(uucp\)\232.)
.15 E 43.39(ostype De\214nitions)102 164.4 R 1.156(describing v)3.656 F
1.157(arious operating system en)-.25 F 1.157
(vironments \(such as the loca-)-.4 F(tion of support \214les\).)174
176.4 Q(These are referenced using the)5 E F3(OSTYPE)2.5 E F0(m4)2.5 E
F1(macro.)2.5 E 60.61(sh Shell)102 192.6 R(\214les used by the)2.5 E F0
(m4)2.5 E F1 -.2(bu)2.5 G(ild process.).2 E -1.1(Yo)5 G 2.5(us)1.1 G
(houldn')-2.5 E 2.5(th)-.18 G -2.25 -.2(av e)-2.5 H(to mess with these.)
2.7 E 30.61(sitecon\214g Local)102 208.8 R .729(UUCP connecti)3.229 F
.729(vity information.)-.25 F(The)5.729 E 3.229(yn)-.15 G .729
(ormally contain lists of site infor)-3.229 F(-)-.2 E(mation, for e)174
220.8 Q(xample:)-.15 E(SITE\(contessa\))214 237 Q(SITE\(hoptoad\))214
249 Q(SITE\(nkainc\))214 261 Q(SITE\(well\))214 273 Q(The)174 289.2 Q
2.5(ya)-.15 G(re referenced using the SITECONFIG macro:)-2.5 E
(SITECONFIG\(site.con\214g.\214le, name_of_site, X\))214 305.4 Q(where)
174 321.6 Q F2(X)2.703 E F1 .203(is the macro/class name to use.)2.703 F
.204(It can be U \(indicating locally connected)5.204 F .074
(hosts\) or one of W)174 333.6 R 2.574(,X)-.92 G 2.574(,o)-2.574 G 2.574
(rYf)-2.574 G .073(or up to three remote UUCP hubs.)-2.574 F .073
(This directory has)5.073 F 1.712
(been supplanted by the mailertable feature; an)174 345.6 R 4.212(yn)
-.15 G 2.212 -.25(ew c)-4.212 H 1.712(on\214gurations should use).25 F
(that feature to do UUCP \(and other\) routing.)174 357.6 Q .757
(If you are in a ne)127 373.8 R 3.257(wd)-.25 G .757
(omain \(e.g., a compan)-3.257 F .756(y\), you will probably w)-.15 F
.756(ant to create a cf/domain)-.1 F .87(\214le for your domain.)102
385.8 R .871(This consists primarily of relay de\214nitions: for e)5.871
F .871(xample, Berk)-.15 F(ele)-.1 E(y')-.15 E 3.371(sd)-.55 G(omain)
-3.371 E .16(de\214nition de\214nes relays for BitNET)102 397.8 R 2.66
(,C)-.74 G(SNET)-2.66 E 2.66(,a)-.74 G .16(nd UUCP)-2.66 F 5.16(.O)-1.11
G 2.66(ft)-5.16 G .16(hese, only the UUCP relay is particu-)-2.66 F .46
(larly speci\214c to Berk)102 409.8 R(ele)-.1 E 4.26 -.65(y. A)-.15 H
.46(ll of these are internet-style domain names.).65 F .46
(Please check to mak)5.46 F 2.96(ec)-.1 G(er)-2.96 E(-)-.2 E(tain the)
102 421.8 Q 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re reasonable for your domain.)-2.5 E 1.407
(Subdomains at Berk)127 438 R(ele)-.1 E 3.907(ya)-.15 G 1.407
(re also represented in the cf/domain directory)-3.907 F 6.406(.F)-.65 G
1.406(or e)-6.556 F 1.406(xample, the)-.15 F 1.49(domain cs-e)102 450 R
1.491
(xposed is the Computer Science subdomain with the local hostname sho)
-.15 F 1.491(wn to other)-.25 F 1.411(users; cs-hidden mak)102 462 R
1.411(es users appear to be from the CS.Berk)-.1 F(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)
-.15 G 1.41(EDU subdomain \(with no local).65 F 1.083
(host information included\).)102 474 R -1.1(Yo)6.083 G 3.583(uw)1.1 G
1.083(ill probably ha)-3.583 F 1.384 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 3.584(ou).15 G
1.084(pdate this directory to be appropriate for)-3.584 F(your domain.)
102 486 Q -1.1(Yo)127 502.2 S 4.373(uw)1.1 G 1.873(ill ha)-4.373 F 2.173
-.15(ve t)-.2 H 4.373(ou).15 G 1.873(se or create)-4.373 F F0(.mc)4.372
E F1 1.872(\214les in the)4.372 F F2(cf/cf)4.372 E F1 1.872
(subdirectory for your hosts.)4.372 F 1.872(This is)6.872 F
(detailed in the cf/README \214le.)102 514.2 Q F0 2.5(1.3. Details)87
538.2 R(of Installation Files)2.5 E F1
(This subsection describes the \214les that comprise the)127 554.4 Q F2
(sendmail)2.5 E F1(installation.)2.5 E F0 2.5(1.3.1. /usr/sbin/sendmail)
102 578.4 R F1 .08(The binary for)142 596.6 R F2(sendmail)2.58 E F1 .079
(is located in /usr/sbin)2.58 F/F4 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(1)-4 I F1 5.079
(.I)4 K 2.579(ts)-5.079 G .079(hould be setuid root.)-2.579 F -.15(Fo)
5.079 G 2.579(rs).15 G .079(ecurity rea-)-2.579 F(sons, /, /usr)117
610.6 Q 2.5(,a)-.4 G(nd /usr/sbin should be o)-2.5 E
(wned by root, mode 755)-.25 E F4(2)-4 I F1(.)4 I .32 LW 76 646 72 646
DL 80 646 76 646 DL 84 646 80 646 DL 88 646 84 646 DL 92 646 88 646 DL
96 646 92 646 DL 100 646 96 646 DL 104 646 100 646 DL 108 646 104 646 DL
112 646 108 646 DL 116 646 112 646 DL 120 646 116 646 DL 124 646 120 646
DL 128 646 124 646 DL 132 646 128 646 DL 136 646 132 646 DL 140 646 136
646 DL 144 646 140 646 DL 148 646 144 646 DL 152 646 148 646 DL 156 646
152 646 DL 160 646 156 646 DL 164 646 160 646 DL 168 646 164 646 DL 172
646 168 646 DL 176 646 172 646 DL 180 646 176 646 DL 184 646 180 646 DL
188 646 184 646 DL 192 646 188 646 DL 196 646 192 646 DL 200 646 196 646
DL 204 646 200 646 DL 208 646 204 646 DL 212 646 208 646 DL 216 646 212
646 DL/F5 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(1)93.6 656.4 Q/F6 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .384
(This is usually /usr/sbin on 4.4BSD and ne)3.2 J .384(wer systems; man)
-.2 F 2.385(ys)-.12 G .385(ystems install it in /usr/lib)-2.385 F 4.385
(.I)-.32 G .385(understand it is in /usr/ucblib on)-2 F
(System V Release 4.)72 669.2 Q F5(2)93.6 679.6 Q F6 .149(Some v)3.2 J
.15(endors ship them o)-.12 F .15(wned by bin; this creates a security hole that is not actually related to)
-.2 F/F7 8/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.15 E F6 4.15(.O)C .15
(ther important di-)-4.15 F(rectories that should ha)72 692.4 Q .24 -.12
(ve r)-.16 H(estricti).12 E .24 -.12(ve o)-.2 H(wnerships and permissions are /bin, /usr/bin, /etc, /usr/etc, /lib, and /usr/lib)
-.08 E(.)-.32 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-10 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(1.3.2. /etc/sendmail.cf)102
96 R/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .698(This is the con\214guration \214le for)
142 114.2 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.198 E/F3 7/Times-Roman@0
SF(3)-4 I F1 5.698(.T)4 K .699
(his and /etc/sendmail.pid are the only non-)-5.698 F
(library \214le names compiled into)117 128.2 Q F2(sendmail)2.5 E F3(4)
-4 I F1(.)4 I .721
(The con\214guration \214le is normally created using the distrib)142
144.4 R .721(ution \214les described abo)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.721(.I)
.15 G(f)-5.721 E .64(you ha)117 156.4 R .94 -.15(ve a p)-.2 H .64(articularly unusual system con\214guration you may need to create a special v)
.15 F(ersion.)-.15 E(The format of this \214le is detailed in later sections of this document.)
117 168.4 Q F0 2.5(1.3.3. /usr/bin/newaliases)102 192.4 R F1(The)142
208.6 Q F2(ne)2.5 E(waliases)-.15 E F1(command should just be a link to)
2.5 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(:)A(rm \255f /usr/bin/ne)157 224.8 Q -.1(wa)
-.25 G(liases).1 E(ln \255s /usr/sbin/sendmail /usr/bin/ne)157 236.8 Q
-.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E(This can be installed in whate)117 253 Q -.15
(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rs).15 G(earch path you prefer for your system.)-2.5 E F0
2.5(1.3.4. /usr/bin/hoststat)102 277 R F1(The)142 293.2 Q F2(hoststat)
5.844 E F1 3.344(command should just be a link to)5.844 F F2(sendmail)
5.844 E F1 5.844(,i)C 5.845(naf)-5.844 G 3.345(ashion similar to)-5.945
F F2(ne)117 305.2 Q(waliases)-.15 E F1 5.607(.T)C .607(his command lists the status of the last mail transaction with all remote hosts.)
-5.607 F(It)5.606 E(functions only when the)117 317.2 Q F0
(HostStatusDir)2.5 E(ectory)-.18 E F1(option is set.)2.5 E F0 2.5
(1.3.5. /usr/bin/pur)102 341.2 R(gestat)-.1 E F1 .993
(This command is also a link to)142 357.4 R F2(sendmail)3.493 E F1 5.993
(.I)C 3.493<748d>-5.993 G .993
(ushes all information that is stored in the)-3.493 F F0(HostStatusDir)
117 369.4 Q(ectory)-.18 E F1(tree.)2.5 E F0 2.5(1.3.6. /v)102 393.4 R
(ar/spool/mqueue)-.1 E F1 .218(The directory)142 409.6 R F2
(/var/spool/mqueue)2.718 E F1 .217
(should be created to hold the mail queue.)2.718 F .217(This directory)
5.217 F(should be mode 700 and o)117 421.6 Q(wned by root.)-.25 E
(The actual path of this directory is de\214ned in the)142 437.8 Q F0(Q)
2.5 E F1(option of the)2.5 E F2(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1(\214le.)2.5 E F0
2.5(1.3.7. /v)102 461.8 R(ar/spool/mqueue/.hoststat)-.1 E F1 1.044
(This is a typical v)142 478 R 1.044(alue for the)-.25 F F0
(HostStatusDir)3.545 E(ectory)-.18 E F1 1.045
(option, containing one \214le per host)3.545 F
(that this sendmail has chatted with recently)117 490 Q 5(.I)-.65 G 2.5
(ti)-5 G 2.5(sn)-2.5 G(ormally a subdirectory of)-2.5 E F2(mqueue)2.5 E
F1(.)A F0 2.5(1.3.8. /etc/aliases*)102 514 R F1 1.493
(The system aliases are held in \231/etc/aliases\232.)142 530.2 R 3.992
(As)6.492 G 1.492(ample is gi)-3.992 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.992(ni).15 G
3.992<6e99>-3.992 G 1.492(lib/aliases\232 which)-3.992 F
(includes some aliases which)117 542.2 Q F2(must)2.5 E F1(be de\214ned:)
2.5 E(cp lib/aliases /etc/aliases)157 558.4 Q F2(edit /etc/aliases)157
570.4 Q F1 -1.1(Yo)117 586.6 S 2.5(us)1.1 G(hould e)-2.5 E
(xtend this \214le with an)-.15 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G
(liases that are apropos to your system.)-2.5 E(Normally)142 602.8 Q F2
(sendmail)3.609 E F1 1.109(looks at a v)3.609 F 1.109
(ersion of these \214les maintained by the)-.15 F F2(dbm)3.609 E F1 1.11
(\(3\) or)1.666 F F2(db)3.61 E F1(\(3\))1.666 E 3.46(routines. These)117
614.8 R .96(are stored either in \231/etc/aliases.dir\232 and \231/etc/aliases.pag\232 or \231/etc/aliases.db\232)
3.46 F 1.022(depending on which database package you are using.)117
626.8 R 1.022(These can initially be created as empty)6.022 F
(\214les, b)117 638.8 Q(ut the)-.2 E 2.5(yw)-.15 G(ill ha)-2.5 E .3 -.15
(ve t)-.2 H 2.5(ob).15 G 2.5(ei)-2.5 G(nitialized promptly)-2.5 E 5(.T)
-.65 G(hese should be mode 644:)-5 E .32 LW 76 648.4 72 648.4 DL 80
648.4 76 648.4 DL 84 648.4 80 648.4 DL 88 648.4 84 648.4 DL 92 648.4 88
648.4 DL 96 648.4 92 648.4 DL 100 648.4 96 648.4 DL 104 648.4 100 648.4
DL 108 648.4 104 648.4 DL 112 648.4 108 648.4 DL 116 648.4 112 648.4 DL
120 648.4 116 648.4 DL 124 648.4 120 648.4 DL 128 648.4 124 648.4 DL 132
648.4 128 648.4 DL 136 648.4 132 648.4 DL 140 648.4 136 648.4 DL 144
648.4 140 648.4 DL 148 648.4 144 648.4 DL 152 648.4 148 648.4 DL 156
648.4 152 648.4 DL 160 648.4 156 648.4 DL 164 648.4 160 648.4 DL 168
648.4 164 648.4 DL 172 648.4 168 648.4 DL 176 648.4 172 648.4 DL 180
648.4 176 648.4 DL 184 648.4 180 648.4 DL 188 648.4 184 648.4 DL 192
648.4 188 648.4 DL 196 648.4 192 648.4 DL 200 648.4 196 648.4 DL 204
648.4 200 648.4 DL 208 648.4 204 648.4 DL 212 648.4 208 648.4 DL 216
648.4 212 648.4 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(3)93.6 658.8 Q/F5 8
/Times-Roman@0 SF(Actually)3.2 I 2.277(,t)-.52 G .277(he pathname v)
-2.277 F .276(aries depending on the operating system; /etc is the preferred directory)
-.2 F 4.276(.S)-.52 G .276(ome older systems install it)-4.276 F(in)72
671.6 Q/F6 8/Times-Bold@0 SF(/usr/lib/sendmail.cf)2 E F5 2(,a)C(nd I')-2
E .24 -.12(ve a)-.4 H(lso seen it in).12 E F6(/usr/ucblib)2 E F5(and)2 E
F6(/etc/mail)2 E F5 4(.I)C 2(fy)-4 G(ou w)-2 E(ant to mo)-.08 E .24 -.12
(ve t)-.12 H(his \214le, change).12 E/F7 8/Times-Italic@0 SF(sr)2 E
(c/conf)-.296 E(.h)-.12 E F5(.)A F4(4)93.6 682 Q F5 .589
(The system libraries can reference other \214les; in particular)3.2 J
2.589(,s)-.32 G .589(ystem library subroutines that)-2.589 F F7
(sendmail)2.588 E F5 .588(calls probably reference)2.588 F F7
(/etc/passwd)72 694.8 Q F5(and)2 E F7(/etc/r)2 E(esolv)-.296 E(.conf)
-.592 E F5(.)A EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-11)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(cp /de)157 96 Q
(v/null /etc/aliases.dir)-.25 E(cp /de)157 108 Q
(v/null /etc/aliases.pag)-.25 E(chmod 644 /etc/aliases.*)157 120 Q(ne)
157 132 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E(The)117 148.2 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0
SF(db)2.79 E F1 .29(routines preset the mode reasonably)2.79 F 2.79(,s)
-.65 G 2.79(ot)-2.79 G .29(his step can be skipped.)-2.79 F .29
(The actual path of this)5.29 F(\214le is de\214ned in the)117 160.2 Q
F0(AliasFile)2.5 E F1(option of the)2.5 E F2(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1
(\214le.)2.5 E F0 2.5(1.3.9. /etc/r)102 184.2 R(c)-.18 E F1 .155
(It will be necessary to start up the)142 200.4 R F2(sendmail)2.655 E F1
.156(daemon when your system reboots.)2.655 F .156(This dae-)5.156 F
1.538(mon performs tw)117 212.4 R 4.037(of)-.1 G 1.537
(unctions: it listens on the SMTP sock)-4.037 F 1.537
(et for connections \(to recei)-.1 F 1.837 -.15(ve m)-.25 H(ail).15 E
.442(from a remote system\) and it processes the queue periodically to insure that mail gets deli)
117 224.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(red).15 E(when hosts come up.)117 236.4 Q
.505(Add the follo)142 252.6 R .505(wing lines to \231/etc/rc\232 \(or \231/etc/rc.local\232 as appropriate\) in the area where it)
-.25 F(is starting up the daemons:)117 264.6 Q
(if [ \255f /usr/sbin/sendmail \255a \255f /etc/sendmail.cf ]; then)157
280.8 Q(\(cd /v)193 292.8 Q(ar/spool/mqueue; rm \255f [lnx]f*\))-.25 E
(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255bd \255q30m &)193 304.8 Q
(echo \255n ' sendmail' >/de)193 316.8 Q(v/console)-.25 E<8c>157 328.8 Q
.173
(The \231cd\232 and \231rm\232 commands insure that all lock \214les ha)
117 345 R .474 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .174(een remo).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .174
(d; e).15 F .174(xtraneous lock \214les)-.15 F .005
(may be left around if the system goes do)117 357 R .004
(wn in the middle of processing a message.)-.25 F .004(The line that)
5.004 F 2.293(actually in)117 369 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(s).1 E F2
(sendmail)4.793 E F1 2.293(has tw)4.793 F 4.793<6f8d>-.1 G 2.293
(ags: \231\255bd\232 causes it to listen on the SMTP port, and)-4.793 F
(\231\255q30m\232 causes it to run the queue e)117 381 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ry half hour).15 E(.)-.55 E .379(Some people use a more comple)142
397.2 R 2.879(xs)-.15 G .379(tartup script, remo)-2.879 F .378
(ving zero length qf \214les and df \214les)-.15 F 1.12
(for which there is no qf \214le.)117 409.2 R -.15(Fo)6.12 G 3.62(re).15
G 1.121(xample, see Figure 1 for an e)-3.77 F 1.121(xample of a comple)
-.15 F 3.621(xs)-.15 G(tartup)-3.621 E(script.)117 421.2 Q .756
(If you are not running a v)142 437.4 R .755
(ersion of UNIX that supports Berk)-.15 F(ele)-.1 E 3.255(yT)-.15 G
(CP/IP)-3.255 E 3.255(,d)-1.11 G 3.255(on)-3.255 G .755(ot include)
-3.255 F(the)117 449.4 Q F0(\255bd)2.5 E F1(\215ag.)2.5 E F0 2.5
(1.3.10. /usr/lib/sendmail.hf)102 473.4 R F1 2.078
(This is the help \214le used by the SMTP)142 489.6 R F0(HELP)4.578 E F1
4.578(command. It)4.578 F 2.078(should be copied from)4.578 F
(\231lib/sendmail.hf\232:)117 501.6 Q(cp lib/sendmail.hf /usr/lib)157
517.8 Q(The actual path of this \214le is de\214ned in the)117 534 Q F0
(H)2.5 E F1(option of the)2.5 E F2(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1(\214le.)2.5 E F0
2.5(1.3.11. /etc/sendmail.st)102 558 R F1 3.04
(If you wish to collect statistics about your mail traf)142 574.2 R 3.04
(\214c, you should create the \214le)-.25 F(\231/etc/sendmail.st\232:)
117 586.2 Q(cp /de)157 602.4 Q(v/null /etc/sendmail.st)-.25 E
(chmod 666 /etc/sendmail.st)157 614.4 Q .715(This \214le does not gro)
117 630.6 R 4.516 -.65(w. I)-.25 H 3.216(ti).65 G 3.216(sp)-3.216 G .716
(rinted with the program \231mailstats/mailstats.c.)-3.216 F 5.716<9a54>
-.7 G .716(he actual path)-5.716 F(of this \214le is de\214ned in the)
117 642.6 Q F0(S)2.5 E F1(option of the)2.5 E F2(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1
(\214le.)2.5 E F0 2.5(1.3.12. /usr/bin/mailq)102 666.6 R F1(If)142 682.8
Q F2(sendmail)3.44 E F1 .94(is in)3.44 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.44
(da).1 G 3.44<7399>-3.44 G(mailq,)-3.44 E 3.439<9a69>-.7 G 3.439(tw)
-3.439 G .939(ill simulate the)-3.439 F F0(\255bp)3.439 E F1 .939
(\215ag \(i.e.,)3.439 F F2(sendmail)3.439 E F1 .939(will print)3.439 F
(the contents of the mail queue; see belo)117 694.8 Q 2.5(w\). This)-.25
F(should be a link to /usr/sbin/sendmail.)2.5 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-12 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E .4 LW 77 108 72 108 DL 79 108 74
108 DL 84 108 79 108 DL 89 108 84 108 DL 94 108 89 108 DL 99 108 94 108
DL 104 108 99 108 DL 109 108 104 108 DL 114 108 109 108 DL 119 108 114
108 DL 124 108 119 108 DL 129 108 124 108 DL 134 108 129 108 DL 139 108
134 108 DL 144 108 139 108 DL 149 108 144 108 DL 154 108 149 108 DL 159
108 154 108 DL 164 108 159 108 DL 169 108 164 108 DL 174 108 169 108 DL
179 108 174 108 DL 184 108 179 108 DL 189 108 184 108 DL 194 108 189 108
DL 199 108 194 108 DL 204 108 199 108 DL 209 108 204 108 DL 214 108 209
108 DL 219 108 214 108 DL 224 108 219 108 DL 229 108 224 108 DL 234 108
229 108 DL 239 108 234 108 DL 244 108 239 108 DL 249 108 244 108 DL 254
108 249 108 DL 259 108 254 108 DL 264 108 259 108 DL 269 108 264 108 DL
274 108 269 108 DL 279 108 274 108 DL 284 108 279 108 DL 289 108 284 108
DL 294 108 289 108 DL 299 108 294 108 DL 304 108 299 108 DL 309 108 304
108 DL 314 108 309 108 DL 319 108 314 108 DL 324 108 319 108 DL 329 108
324 108 DL 334 108 329 108 DL 339 108 334 108 DL 344 108 339 108 DL 349
108 344 108 DL 354 108 349 108 DL 359 108 354 108 DL 364 108 359 108 DL
369 108 364 108 DL 374 108 369 108 DL 379 108 374 108 DL 384 108 379 108
DL 389 108 384 108 DL 394 108 389 108 DL 399 108 394 108 DL 404 108 399
108 DL 409 108 404 108 DL 414 108 409 108 DL 419 108 414 108 DL 424 108
419 108 DL 429 108 424 108 DL 434 108 429 108 DL 439 108 434 108 DL 444
108 439 108 DL 449 108 444 108 DL 454 108 449 108 DL 459 108 454 108 DL
464 108 459 108 DL 469 108 464 108 DL 474 108 469 108 DL 479 108 474 108
DL 484 108 479 108 DL 489 108 484 108 DL 494 108 489 108 DL 499 108 494
108 DL 504 108 499 108 DL/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 2.5(#r)72 132 S(emo)
-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve z)-.15 H(ero length qf \214les).15 E(for qf)72 144 Q
(\214le in qf*)-.25 E(do)72 156 Q(if [ \255r $qf)108 168 Q(\214le ])-.25
E(then)108 180 Q(if [ ! \255s $qf)144 192 Q(\214le ])-.25 E(then)144 204
Q(echo \255n " <zero: $qf)180 216 Q(\214le>" > /de)-.25 E(v/console)-.25
E(rm \255f $qf)180 228 Q(\214le)-.25 E<8c>144 240 Q<8c>108 252 Q(done)72
264 Q 2.5(#r)72 276 S(ename tf \214les to be qf if the qf does not e)
-2.5 E(xist)-.15 E(for tf)72 288 Q(\214le in tf*)-.25 E(do)72 300 Q(qf)
108 312 Q(\214le=`echo $tf)-.25 E(\214le | sed ')-.25 E(s/t/q/'`)-.55 E
(if [ \255r $tf)108 324 Q(\214le \255a ! \255f $qf)-.25 E(\214le ])-.25
E(then)108 336 Q(echo \255n " <reco)144 348 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(ring: $tf)
.15 E(\214le>" > /de)-.25 E(v/console)-.25 E(mv $tf)144 360 Q
(\214le $qf)-.25 E(\214le)-.25 E(else)108 372 Q(echo \255n " <e)144 384
Q(xtra: $tf)-.15 E(\214le>" > /de)-.25 E(v/console)-.25 E(rm \255f $tf)
144 396 Q(\214le)-.25 E<8c>108 408 Q(done)72 420 Q 2.5(#r)72 432 S(emo)
-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve d)-.15 H 2.5<668c>.15 G
(les with no corresponding qf \214les)-2.5 E(for df)72 444 Q
(\214le in df*)-.25 E(do)72 456 Q(qf)108 468 Q(\214le=`echo $df)-.25 E
(\214le | sed ')-.25 E(s/d/q/'`)-.55 E(if [ \255r $df)108 480 Q
(\214le \255a ! \255f $qf)-.25 E(\214le ])-.25 E(then)108 492 Q
(echo \255n " <incomplete: $df)144 504 Q(\214le>" > /de)-.25 E
(v/console)-.25 E(mv $df)144 516 Q(\214le `echo $df)-.25 E
(\214le | sed ')-.25 E(s/d/D/'`)-.55 E<8c>108 528 Q(done)72 540 Q 2.5
(#a)72 552 S(nnounce \214les that ha)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een sa)
.15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(dd).15 G(uring disaster reco)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15
G(ry).15 E(for xf)72 564 Q(\214le in [A-Z]f*)-.25 E(do)72 576 Q
(echo \255n " <panic: $xf)108 588 Q(\214le>" > /de)-.25 E(v/console)-.25
E(done)72 600 Q(Figure 1 \212 A comple)214.47 624 Q 2.5(xs)-.15 G
(tartup script)-2.5 E 77 636 72 636 DL 79 636 74 636 DL 84 636 79 636 DL
89 636 84 636 DL 94 636 89 636 DL 99 636 94 636 DL 104 636 99 636 DL 109
636 104 636 DL 114 636 109 636 DL 119 636 114 636 DL 124 636 119 636 DL
129 636 124 636 DL 134 636 129 636 DL 139 636 134 636 DL 144 636 139 636
DL 149 636 144 636 DL 154 636 149 636 DL 159 636 154 636 DL 164 636 159
636 DL 169 636 164 636 DL 174 636 169 636 DL 179 636 174 636 DL 184 636
179 636 DL 189 636 184 636 DL 194 636 189 636 DL 199 636 194 636 DL 204
636 199 636 DL 209 636 204 636 DL 214 636 209 636 DL 219 636 214 636 DL
224 636 219 636 DL 229 636 224 636 DL 234 636 229 636 DL 239 636 234 636
DL 244 636 239 636 DL 249 636 244 636 DL 254 636 249 636 DL 259 636 254
636 DL 264 636 259 636 DL 269 636 264 636 DL 274 636 269 636 DL 279 636
274 636 DL 284 636 279 636 DL 289 636 284 636 DL 294 636 289 636 DL 299
636 294 636 DL 304 636 299 636 DL 309 636 304 636 DL 314 636 309 636 DL
319 636 314 636 DL 324 636 319 636 DL 329 636 324 636 DL 334 636 329 636
DL 339 636 334 636 DL 344 636 339 636 DL 349 636 344 636 DL 354 636 349
636 DL 359 636 354 636 DL 364 636 359 636 DL 369 636 364 636 DL 374 636
369 636 DL 379 636 374 636 DL 384 636 379 636 DL 389 636 384 636 DL 394
636 389 636 DL 399 636 394 636 DL 404 636 399 636 DL 409 636 404 636 DL
414 636 409 636 DL 419 636 414 636 DL 424 636 419 636 DL 429 636 424 636
DL 434 636 429 636 DL 439 636 434 636 DL 444 636 439 636 DL 449 636 444
636 DL 454 636 449 636 DL 459 636 454 636 DL 464 636 459 636 DL 469 636
464 636 DL 474 636 469 636 DL 479 636 474 636 DL 484 636 479 636 DL 489
636 484 636 DL 494 636 489 636 DL 499 636 494 636 DL 504 636 499 636 DL
F0 2.5(2. NORMAL)72 672 R(OPERA)2.5 E(TIONS)-.95 E 2.5(2.1. The)87 696 R
(System Log)2.5 E F1 1.511(The system log is supported by the)127 712.2
R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(syslo)4.011 E(gd)-.1 E F1 1.511
(\(8\) program.)1.666 F 1.511(All messages from)6.511 F F2(sendmail)
4.011 E F1(are)4.012 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-13)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(logged under the)102 98 Q/F2
9/Times-Roman@0 SF(LOG_MAIL)2.5 E F1 -.1(fa)2.5 G(cility).1 E/F3 7
/Times-Roman@0 SF(5)-4 I F1(.)4 I F0 2.5(2.1.1. F)102 122 R(ormat)-.25 E
F1 .574(Each line in the system log consists of a timestamp, the name of the machine that gener)
142 138.2 R(-)-.2 E .848(ated it \(for logging from se)117 150.2 R -.15
(ve)-.25 G .848(ral machines o).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.349(rt).15 G .849
(he local area netw)-3.349 F .849(ork\), the w)-.1 F .849
(ord \231sendmail:\232,)-.1 F(and a message)117 164.2 Q F3(6)-4 I F1 5
(.M)4 K(ost messages are a sequence of)-5 E/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
(name)2.5 E F1(=)A F4(value)A F1(pairs.)2.5 E .68(The tw)142 180.4 R
3.18(om)-.1 G .68
(ost common lines are logged when a message is processed.)-3.18 F .68
(The \214rst logs the)5.68 F .376(receipt of a message; there will be e)
117 192.4 R .376(xactly one of these per message.)-.15 F .376
(Some \214elds may be omit-)5.376 F(ted if the)117 204.4 Q 2.5(yd)-.15 G
2.5(on)-2.5 G(ot contain interesting information.)-2.5 E(Fields are:)5 E
50.06(from The)117 220.6 R(en)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.4 G(lope sender address.)
.15 E 53.95(size The)117 236.8 R(size of the message in bytes.)2.5 E
50.06(class The)117 253 R
(class \(i.e., numeric precedence\) of the message.)2.5 E 58.39(pri The)
117 269.2 R(initial message priority \(used for queue sorting\).)2.5 E
45.06(nrcpts The)117 285.4 R 1.515(number of en)4.015 F -.15(ve)-.4 G
1.514(lope recipients for this message \(after aliasing and for).15 F(-)
-.2 E -.1(wa)189 297.4 S(rding\).).1 E 45.05(msgid The)117 313.6 R
(message id of the message \(from the header\).)2.5 E 48.39(proto The)
117 329.8 R(protocol used to recei)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.25 H
(his message \(e.g., ESMTP or UUCP\)).15 E 49.51(relay The)117 346 R
(machine from which it w)2.5 E(as recei)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(d.).15 E
.43(There is also one line logged per deli)117 362.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
.43(ry attempt \(so there can be se).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .43
(ral per message if deli).15 F(v-)-.25 E
(ery is deferred or there are multiple recipients\).)117 374.2 Q
(Fields are:)5 E 61.72(to A)117 390.4 R
(comma-separated list of the recipients to this mailer)2.5 E(.)-.55 E
41.73(ctladdr The)117 406.6 R -.74(``)2.727 G .227(controlling user').74
F .226(', that is, the name of the user whose credentials we use)-.74 F
(for deli)189 418.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E(.)-.65 E 47.84(delay The)
117 434.8 R 1.303(total delay between the time this message w)3.803 F
1.303(as recei)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.803(da).15 G 1.303(nd the time it)
-3.803 F -.1(wa)189 446.8 S 2.5(sd).1 G(eli)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(red.)
.15 E 42.84(xdelay The)117 463 R .116
(amount of time needed in this deli)2.616 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .116
(ry attempt \(normally indicati).15 F .415 -.15(ve o)-.25 H 2.615(ft).15
G(he)-2.615 E(speed of the connection\).)189 475 Q 43.95(mailer The)117
491.2 R(name of the mailer used to deli)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rt).15
G 2.5(ot)-2.5 G(his recipient.)-2.5 E 49.51(relay The)117 507.4 R(name of the host that actually accepted \(or rejected\) this recipient.)
2.5 E 55.61(stat The)117 523.6 R(deli)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry status.)
.15 E(Not all \214elds are present in all messages; for e)117 539.8 Q
(xample, the relay is not listed for local deli)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ries.).15 E F0 2.5(2.1.2. Le)102 563.8 R -.1(ve)-.15 G(ls).1 E F1 .204
(If you ha)142 580 R -.15(ve)-.2 G F4(syslo)2.854 E(gd)-.1 E F1 .204
(\(8\) or an equi)1.666 F -.25(va)-.25 G .205
(lent installed, you will be able to do logging.).25 F .205(There is)
5.205 F 2.788(al)117 592 S(ar)-2.788 E .287
(ge amount of information that can be logged.)-.18 F .287
(The log is arranged as a succession of le)5.287 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ls.)
.15 E .65(At the lo)117 604 R .65(west le)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.15(lo)
.15 G .65(nly e)-3.15 F .651(xtremely strange situations are logged.)
-.15 F .651(At the highest le)5.651 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .651(l, e).15 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.151(nt).15 G(he)-3.151 E .826
(most mundane and uninteresting e)117 616 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .825
(nts are recorded for posterity).15 F 5.825(.A)-.65 G 3.325(sac)-5.825 G
(on)-3.325 E -.15(ve)-.4 G .825(ntion, log le).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ls)
.15 E .2(under ten are considered generally \231useful;\232 log le)117
628 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .201(ls abo).15 F .501 -.15(ve 6)-.15 H 2.701(4a)
.15 G .201(re reserv)-2.701 F .201(ed for deb)-.15 F .201(ugging pur)-.2
F(-)-.2 E 2.5(poses. Le)117 640 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ls from 11\25564 are reserv).15 E(ed for v)-.15 E
(erbose information that some sites might w)-.15 E(ant.)-.1 E 2.5(Ac)142
656.2 S(omplete description of the log le)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ls is gi).15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ns)-2.5 G(ection 4.6.)
-2.5 E .32 LW 76 674.8 72 674.8 DL 80 674.8 76 674.8 DL 84 674.8 80
674.8 DL 88 674.8 84 674.8 DL 92 674.8 88 674.8 DL 96 674.8 92 674.8 DL
100 674.8 96 674.8 DL 104 674.8 100 674.8 DL 108 674.8 104 674.8 DL 112
674.8 108 674.8 DL 116 674.8 112 674.8 DL 120 674.8 116 674.8 DL 124
674.8 120 674.8 DL 128 674.8 124 674.8 DL 132 674.8 128 674.8 DL 136
674.8 132 674.8 DL 140 674.8 136 674.8 DL 144 674.8 140 674.8 DL 148
674.8 144 674.8 DL 152 674.8 148 674.8 DL 156 674.8 152 674.8 DL 160
674.8 156 674.8 DL 164 674.8 160 674.8 DL 168 674.8 164 674.8 DL 172
674.8 168 674.8 DL 176 674.8 172 674.8 DL 180 674.8 176 674.8 DL 184
674.8 180 674.8 DL 188 674.8 184 674.8 DL 192 674.8 188 674.8 DL 196
674.8 192 674.8 DL 200 674.8 196 674.8 DL 204 674.8 200 674.8 DL 208
674.8 204 674.8 DL 212 674.8 208 674.8 DL 216 674.8 212 674.8 DL/F5 5
/Times-Roman@0 SF(5)93.6 685.2 Q/F6 8/Times-Roman@0 SF
(Except on Ultrix, which does not support f)3.2 I
(acilities in the syslog.)-.08 E F5(6)93.6 698.8 Q F6(This format may v)
3.2 I(ary slightly if your v)-.2 E(endor has changed the syntax.)-.12 E
EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-14 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(2.2. Dumping)87 96 R(State)
2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -1.1(Yo)127 112.2 S 2.564(uc)1.1 G .064
(an ask)-2.564 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.564 E F1 .064(to log a dump of the open \214les and the connection cache by sending it a)
2.564 F/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(SIGUSR1)102 124.2 Q F1 2.5(signal. The)2.5
F(results are logged at)2.5 E F3(LOG_DEB)2.5 E(UG)-.09 E F1(priority)2.5
E(.)-.65 E F0 2.5(2.3. The)87 148.2 R(Mail Queue)2.5 E F1 1.283
(Sometimes a host cannot handle a message immediately)127 164.4 R 6.283
(.F)-.65 G 1.283(or e)-6.433 F 1.283(xample, it may be do)-.15 F 1.283
(wn or)-.25 F -.15(ove)102 176.4 S .043
(rloaded, causing it to refuse connections.).15 F .043
(The sending host is then e)5.043 F .042(xpected to sa)-.15 F .342 -.15
(ve t)-.2 H .042(his message).15 F
(in its mail queue and attempt to deli)102 188.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5
(ri).15 G 2.5(tl)-2.5 G(ater)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E .568
(Under normal conditions the mail queue will be processed transparently)
127 204.6 R 5.569(.H)-.65 G -.25(ow)-5.569 G -2.15 -.25(ev e).25 H 1.369
-.4(r, y).25 H .569(ou may).4 F .994(\214nd that manual interv)102 216.6
R .993(ention is sometimes necessary)-.15 F 5.993(.F)-.65 G .993(or e)
-6.143 F .993(xample, if a major host is do)-.15 F .993(wn for a)-.25 F
1.699(period of time the queue may become clogged.)102 228.6 R(Although)
6.699 E F2(sendmail)4.199 E F1 1.7(ought to reco)4.199 F -.15(ve)-.15 G
4.2(rg).15 G(racefully)-4.2 E(when the host comes up, you may \214nd performance unacceptably bad in the meantime.)
102 240.6 Q F0 2.5(2.3.1. Printing)102 264.6 R(the queue)2.5 E F1 .526
(The contents of the queue can be printed using the)142 280.8 R F2
(mailq)3.026 E F1 .526(command \(or by specifying the)3.026 F F0(\255bp)
117 292.8 Q F1(\215ag to)2.5 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(\):)A(mailq)157 309
Q 1.673(This will produce a listing of the queue id')117 325.2 R 1.673
(s, the size of the message, the date the message)-.55 F
(entered the queue, and the sender and recipients.)117 337.2 Q F0 2.5
(2.3.2. F)102 361.2 R(or)-.25 E(cing the queue)-.18 E F2(Sendmail)142
377.4 Q F1 1.138(should run the queue automatically at interv)3.638 F
3.638(als. The)-.25 F 1.137(algorithm is to read and)3.638 F .355
(sort the queue, and then to attempt to process all jobs in order)117
389.4 R 5.355(.W)-.55 G .356(hen it attempts to run the job,)-5.355 F F2
(sendmail)117 401.4 Q F1(\214rst checks to see if the job is lock)2.5 E
2.5(ed. If)-.1 F(so, it ignores the job)2.5 E(.)-.4 E .338
(There is no attempt to insure that only one queue processor e)142 417.6
R .338(xists at an)-.15 F 2.838(yt)-.15 G .338(ime, since there)-2.838 F
.094(is no guarantee that a job cannot tak)117 429.6 R 2.595(ef)-.1 G
(ore)-2.595 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.595(rt).15 G 2.595(op)-2.595 G .095
(rocess \(ho)-2.595 F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -.4(r,).15 G F2(sendmail)
2.995 E F1 .095(does include heuris-)2.595 F 1.086(tics to try to abort jobs that are taking absurd amounts of time; technically)
117 441.6 R 3.586(,t)-.65 G 1.086(his violates RFC)-3.586 F .461(821, b)
117 453.6 R .461(ut is blessed by RFC 1123\).)-.2 F .461
(Due to the locking algorithm, it is impossible for one job to)5.461 F
1.087(freeze the entire queue.)117 465.6 R(Ho)6.086 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)
-.25 G 1.886 -.4(r, a).15 H 3.586(nu).4 G(ncooperati)-3.586 E 1.386 -.15
(ve r)-.25 H 1.086(ecipient host or a program recipient that).15 F(ne)
117 477.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.35(rr).15 G .85(eturns can accumulate man)
-3.35 F 3.351(yp)-.15 G .851(rocesses in your system.)-3.351 F
(Unfortunately)5.851 E 3.351(,t)-.65 G .851(here is no com-)-3.351 F
(pletely general w)117 489.6 Q(ay to solv)-.1 E 2.5(et)-.15 G(his.)-2.5
E .082(In some cases, you may \214nd that a major host going do)142
505.8 R .082(wn for a couple of days may create)-.25 F 2.924(ap)117
517.8 S(rohibiti)-2.924 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .424(ly lar).15 F .424
(ge queue.)-.18 F .424(This will result in)5.424 F F2(sendmail)2.924 E
F1 .425(spending an inordinate amount of time)2.924 F 1.085
(sorting the queue.)117 529.8 R 1.085(This situation can be \214x)6.085
F 1.084(ed by mo)-.15 F 1.084(ving the queue to a temporary place and)
-.15 F .022(creating a ne)117 541.8 R 2.522(wq)-.25 G 2.522(ueue. The)
-2.522 F .022(old queue can be run later when the of)2.522 F .023
(fending host returns to service.)-.25 F 1.6 -.8(To d)142 558 T 2.5(ot)
.8 G(his, it is acceptable to mo)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.15 H
(he entire queue directory:).15 E(cd /v)157 574.2 Q(ar/spool)-.25 E
(mv mqueue omqueue; mkdir mqueue; chmod 700 mqueue)157 586.2 Q -1.1(Yo)
117 602.4 S 2.709(us)1.1 G .209(hould then kill the e)-2.709 F .209(xisting daemon \(since it will still be processing in the old queue direc-)
-.15 F(tory\) and create a ne)117 614.4 Q 2.5(wd)-.25 G(aemon.)-2.5 E
1.6 -.8(To r)142 630.6 T(un the old mail queue, run the follo).8 E
(wing command:)-.25 E(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255oQ/v)157 646.8 Q
(ar/spool/omqueue \255q)-.25 E(The)117 663 Q F0(\255oQ)2.867 E F1 .367
(\215ag speci\214es an alternate queue directory and the)2.867 F F0
<ad71>2.867 E F1 .367(\215ag says to just run e)2.867 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
.368(ry job in).15 F .594(the queue.)117 675 R .594(If you ha)5.594 F
.894 -.15(ve a t)-.2 H(endenc).15 E 3.093(yt)-.15 G -2.1 -.25(ow a)
-3.093 H .593(rd v).25 F -.1(oy)-.2 G .593(eurism, you can use the).1 F
F0<ad76>3.093 E F1 .593(\215ag to w)3.093 F .593(atch what is)-.1 F
(going on.)117 687 Q(When the queue is \214nally emptied, you can remo)
142 703.2 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.15 H(he directory:).15 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-15)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(rmdir /v)157 96 Q
(ar/spool/omqueue)-.25 E F0 2.5(2.4. Disk)87 124.2 R
(Based Connection Inf)2.5 E(ormation)-.25 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
(Sendmail)127 140.4 Q F1 .596(stores a lar)3.096 F .597
(ge amount of information about each remote system it has connected to)
-.18 F 1.128(in memory)102 152.4 R 3.628(.I)-.65 G 3.628(ti)-3.628 G
3.628(sn)-3.628 G 1.627 -.25(ow p)-3.628 H 1.127(ossible to preserv).25
F 3.627(es)-.15 G 1.127
(ome of this information on disk as well, by using the)-3.627 F F0
(HostStatusDir)102 164.4 Q(ectory)-.18 E F1 1.705
(option, so that it may be shared between se)4.205 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
1.705(ral in).15 F -.2(vo)-.4 G 1.705(cations of).2 F F2(sendmail)4.205
E F1(.)A .284(This allo)102 176.4 R .283(ws mail to be queued immediately or skipped during a queue run if there has been a recent)
-.25 F -.1(fa)102 188.4 S(ilure in connecting to a remote machine.).1 E
1.438(Additionally enabling)127 204.6 R F0(SingleThr)3.939 E(eadDeli)
-.18 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(ry).1 E F1 1.439(has the added ef)3.939 F 1.439
(fect of single-threading mail)-.25 F(deli)102 216.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
1.611(ry to a destination.).15 F 1.611
(This can be quite helpful if the remote machine is running an SMTP)
6.611 F(serv)102 228.6 Q 1.01(er that is easily o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G
1.011
(rloaded or cannot accept more than a single connection at a time, b).15
F 1.011(ut can)-.2 F .458
(cause some messages to be punted to a future queue run.)102 240.6 R
.458(It also applies to)5.458 F F2(all)2.958 E F1 .457
(hosts, so setting this)2.958 F .281(because you ha)102 252.6 R .581
-.15(ve o)-.2 H .281(ne machine on site that runs some softw).15 F .281
(are that is easily o)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .282(rrun can cause mail).15
F .315(to other hosts to be slo)102 264.6 R .315(wed do)-.25 F 2.815
(wn. If)-.25 F .315(this option is set, you probably w)2.815 F .315
(ant to set the)-.1 F F0(MinQueueAge)2.815 E F1 1.177
(option as well and run the queue f)102 276.6 R 1.177
(airly frequently; this will cause hosts that are skipped because)-.1 F
(another)102 288.6 Q F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1
(instance is talking to it to be tried ag)2.5 E(ain soon.)-.05 E .303
(The disk based host information is stored in a subdirectory of of the)
127 304.8 R F0(mqueue)2.803 E F1 .303(directory called)2.803 F F0
(.hoststat)102 318.8 Q/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(7)-4 I F1 6.749(.R)4 K(emo)
-6.749 E 1.749(ving this directory and its subdirectories has an ef)-.15
F 1.75(fect similar to the)-.25 F F2(pur)4.25 E -.1(ge)-.37 G(stat).1 E
F1 .046(command and is completely safe.)102 330.8 R .045
(The information in these directories can be perused with the)5.046 F F2
(host-)2.545 E(stat)102 342.8 Q F1 .513(command, which will indicate the host name, the last access, and the status of that access.)
3.012 F(An)5.513 E .69
(asterisk in the left most column indicates that a)102 354.8 R F2
(sendmail)3.19 E F1 .69(process currently has the host lock)3.19 F .69
(ed for)-.1 F(mail deli)102 366.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E(.)-.65 E .53
(The disk based connection information is treated the same w)127 383 R
.53(ay as memory based connection)-.1 F .536
(information for the purpose of timeouts.)102 395 R .536(By def)5.536 F
.536(ault, information about host f)-.1 F .536(ailures is v)-.1 F .536
(alid for 30)-.25 F 2.5(minutes. This)102 407 R
(can be adjusted with the)2.5 E F0 -.18(Ti)2.5 G(meout.hoststatus).18 E
F1(option.)2.5 E .022
(The connection information stored on disk may be pur)127 423.2 R .023
(ged at an)-.18 F 2.523(yt)-.15 G .023(ime with the)-2.523 F F2(pur)
2.523 E -.1(ge)-.37 G(stat).1 E F1(com-)2.523 E .95(mand or by in)102
435.2 R -.2(vo)-.4 G .949(king sendmail with the).2 F F0(\255bH)3.449 E
F1 3.449(switch. The)3.449 F .949(connection information may be vie)
3.449 F(wed)-.25 E(with the)102 447.2 Q F2(hoststat)2.5 E F1
(command or by in)2.5 E -.2(vo)-.4 G(king sendmail with the).2 E F0
(\255bh)2.5 E F1(switch.)2.5 E F0 2.5(2.5. The)87 471.2 R(Ser)2.5 E
(vice Switch)-.1 E F1 1.416(The implementation of certain system services such as host and user name lookup is con-)
127 487.4 R .336(trolled by the service switch.)102 499.4 R .336
(If the host operating system supports such a switch)5.336 F F2
(sendmail)2.835 E F1 .335(will use)2.835 F(the nati)102 511.4 Q .3 -.15
(ve ve)-.25 H 2.5(rsion. Ultrix,).15 F(Solaris, and DEC OSF/1 are e)2.5
E(xamples of such systems.)-.15 E .969(If the underlying operating system does not support a service switch \(e.g., SunOS, HP-UX,)
127 527.6 R .975(BSD\) then)102 539.6 R F2(sendmail)3.475 E F1 .975
(will pro)3.475 F .975(vide a stub implementation.)-.15 F(The)5.975 E F0
(Ser)3.475 E(viceSwitchFile)-.1 E F1 .975(option points to)3.475 F .381
(the name of a \214le that has the service de\214nitions Each line has the name of a service and the possi-)
102 551.6 R(ble implementations of that service.)102 563.6 Q -.15(Fo)5 G
2.5(re).15 G(xample, the \214le:)-2.65 E 12.94(hosts dns)142 579.8 R
(\214les nis)2.5 E 6.84(aliases \214les)142 591.8 R(nis)2.5 E .329
(will ask)102 608 R F2(sendmail)2.829 E F1 .328
(to look for hosts in the Domain Name System \214rst.)2.829 F .328
(If the requested host name is)5.328 F .379
(not found, it tries local \214les, and if that f)102 620 R .379
(ails it tries NIS.)-.1 F(Similarly)5.379 E 2.879(,w)-.65 G .379
(hen looking for aliases it will)-2.879 F
(try the local \214les \214rst follo)102 632 Q(wed by NIS.)-.25 E 1.27
(Service switches are not completely inte)127 648.2 R 3.769(grated. F)
-.15 F 1.269(or e)-.15 F 1.269(xample, despite the f)-.15 F 1.269
(act that the host)-.1 F .293(entry listed in the abo)102 660.2 R .593
-.15(ve ex)-.15 H .294
(ample speci\214es to look in NIS, on SunOS this w).15 F(on')-.1 E 2.794
(th)-.18 G .294(appen because the)-2.794 F 1.399
(system implementation of)102 672.2 R F2 -.1(ge)3.899 G(thostbyname).1 E
F1 1.399(\(3\) doesn')1.666 F 3.899(tu)-.18 G 1.399(nderstand this.)
-3.899 F 1.398(If there is enough demand)6.398 F .32 LW 76 681.8 72
681.8 DL 80 681.8 76 681.8 DL 84 681.8 80 681.8 DL 88 681.8 84 681.8 DL
92 681.8 88 681.8 DL 96 681.8 92 681.8 DL 100 681.8 96 681.8 DL 104
681.8 100 681.8 DL 108 681.8 104 681.8 DL 112 681.8 108 681.8 DL 116
681.8 112 681.8 DL 120 681.8 116 681.8 DL 124 681.8 120 681.8 DL 128
681.8 124 681.8 DL 132 681.8 128 681.8 DL 136 681.8 132 681.8 DL 140
681.8 136 681.8 DL 144 681.8 140 681.8 DL 148 681.8 144 681.8 DL 152
681.8 148 681.8 DL 156 681.8 152 681.8 DL 160 681.8 156 681.8 DL 164
681.8 160 681.8 DL 168 681.8 164 681.8 DL 172 681.8 168 681.8 DL 176
681.8 172 681.8 DL 180 681.8 176 681.8 DL 184 681.8 180 681.8 DL 188
681.8 184 681.8 DL 192 681.8 188 681.8 DL 196 681.8 192 681.8 DL 200
681.8 196 681.8 DL 204 681.8 200 681.8 DL 208 681.8 204 681.8 DL 212
681.8 208 681.8 DL 216 681.8 212 681.8 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(7)93.6
692.2 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(This is the usual v)3.2 I(alue of the)-.2
E/F6 8/Times-Bold@0 SF(HostStatusDir)2 E(ectory)-.144 E F5
(option; it can, of course, go an)2 E(ywhere you lik)-.12 E 2(ei)-.08 G
2(ny)-2 G(our \214lesystem.)-2 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-16 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
(sendmail)102 96 Q/F2 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .014(may reimplement)2.514 F
F1 -.1(ge)2.514 G(thostbyname).1 E F2(\(3\),)1.666 E F1 -.1(ge)2.515 G
(thostbyaddr).1 E F2(\(3\),)1.666 E F1 -.1(ge)2.515 G(tpwent).1 E F2
.015(\(3\), and the other system)1.666 F(routines that w)102 108 Q
(ould be necessary to mak)-.1 E 2.5(et)-.1 G(his w)-2.5 E
(ork seamlessly)-.1 E(.)-.65 E F0 2.5(2.6. The)87 132 R(Alias Database)
2.5 E F2 2.074(After recipient addresses are read from the SMTP connection or command line the)
127 148.2 R 4.573(ya)-.15 G(re)-4.573 E .499
(parsed by ruleset 0, which must resolv)102 160.2 R 2.999(et)-.15 G
2.999(oa{)-2.999 G F1(mailer)-2.999 E F2(,)A F1(host)2.999 E F2(,)A F1
(user)3 E F2 3(}t)C 3(riple. If)-3 F .5(the \215ags selected by the)3 F
F1(mailer)102 172.2 Q F2 .26(includes the)2.76 F F0(A)2.76 E F2 .26
(\(aliasable\) \215ag, the)2.76 F F1(user)2.76 E F2 .259
(part of the triple is look)2.76 F .259(ed up as the k)-.1 F .559 -.15
(ey \()-.1 H .259(i.e., the left).15 F .227(hand side\) into the alias database If there is a match, the address is deleted from the send queue and)
102 184.2 R .387(all addresses on the right hand side of the alias are added in place of the alias that w)
102 196.2 R .386(as found.)-.1 F(This)5.386 E(is a recursi)102 208.2 Q
.3 -.15(ve o)-.25 H(peration, so aliases found in the right hand side of the alias are similarly e)
.15 E(xpanded.)-.15 E .36(The alias database e)127 224.4 R .36
(xists in tw)-.15 F 2.86(of)-.1 G 2.861(orms. One)-2.86 F .361(is a te)
2.861 F .361(xt form, maintained in the \214le)-.15 F F1(/etc/aliases.)
2.861 E F2(The aliases are of the form)102 236.4 Q
(name: name1, name2, ...)142 252.6 Q
(Only local names may be aliased; e.g.,)102 268.8 Q(eric@prep.ai.MIT)142
285 Q(.EDU: eric@CS.Berk)-.74 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E 1.088
(will not ha)102 303.2 R 1.388 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.088(he desired ef).15 F
1.088(fect \(e)-.25 F 1.088(xcept on prep.ai.MIT)-.15 F 1.088
(.EDU, and the)-.74 F 3.588(yp)-.15 G 1.088(robably don')-3.588 F 3.587
(tw)-.18 G 1.087(ant me\))-3.687 F/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(8)-4 I F2(.)4 I
.561(Aliases may be continued by starting an)102 315.2 R 3.061(yc)-.15 G
.561(ontinuation lines with a space or a tab)-3.061 F 5.562(.B)-.4 G
.562(lank lines and)-5.562 F(lines be)102 327.2 Q
(ginning with a sharp sign \(\231#\232\) are comments.)-.15 E 1.478
(The second form is processed by the)127 345.4 R F1(ndbm)3.978 E F2
(\(3\))1.666 E F3(9)-4 I F2(or)3.978 4 M F1(db)3.978 E F2 1.478
(\(3\) library)1.666 F 6.478(.T)-.65 G 1.478(his form is in the \214les)
-6.478 F F1(/etc/aliases.dir)102 357.4 Q F2(and)3.028 E F1
(/etc/aliases.pa)3.028 E -.15(g.)-.1 G F2 .528(This is the form that)
5.678 F F1(sendmail)3.029 E F2 .529(actually uses to resolv)3.029 F
3.029(ea)-.15 G(liases.)-3.029 E(This technique is used to impro)102
369.4 Q .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(erformance.).15 E
(The control of search order is actually set by the service switch.)127
385.6 Q(Essentially)5 E 2.5(,t)-.65 G(he entry)-2.5 E -.35(OA)142 401.8
S(switch:aliases).35 E .927(is al)102 418 R -.1(wa)-.1 G .927(ys added as the \214rst alias entry; also, the \214rst alias \214le name without a class \(e.g., without)
.1 F .268(\231nis:\232 on the front\) will be used as the name of the \214le for a `)
102 430 R(`\214les')-.74 E 2.769('e)-.74 G .269
(ntry in the aliases switch.)-2.769 F -.15(Fo)5.269 G(r).15 E -.15(ex)
102 442 S(ample, if the con\214guration \214le contains).15 E -.35(OA)
142 458.2 S(/etc/aliases).35 E(and the service switch contains)102 474.4
Q 6.84(aliases nis)142 490.6 R(\214les nisplus)2.5 E 2.449(then aliases will \214rst be searched in the NIS database, then in /etc/aliases, then in the NIS+)
102 506.8 R(database.)102 518.8 Q -1.1(Yo)127 535 S 2.5(uc)1.1 G
(an also use)-2.5 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(NIS)2.5 E F2
(-based alias \214les.)A -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G
(xample, the speci\214cation:)-2.65 E -.35(OA)142 551.2 S(/etc/aliases)
.35 E -.35(OA)142 563.2 S(nis:mail.aliases@my).35 E(.nis.domain)-.65 E
1.725(will \214rst search the /etc/aliases \214le and then the map named \231mail.aliases\232 in \231my)
102 579.4 R(.nis.domain\232.)-.65 E -.8(Wa)102 591.4 S .59
(rning: if you b).8 F .59(uild your o)-.2 F(wn)-.25 E F4(NIS)3.09 E F2
.589(-based alias \214les, be sure to pro)B .589(vide the)-.15 F F0
<ad6c>3.089 E F2 .589(\215ag to)3.089 F F1(mak)3.089 E(edbm)-.1 E F2
(\(8\))A .159(to map upper case letters in the k)102 603.4 R -.15(ey)-.1
G 2.659(st).15 G 2.659(ol)-2.659 G -.25(ow)-2.659 G .159
(er case; otherwise, aliases with upper case letters in their).25 F
(names w)102 615.4 Q(on')-.1 E 2.5(tm)-.18 G(atch incoming addresses.)
-2.5 E(Additional \215ags can be added after the colon e)127 631.6 Q
(xactly lik)-.15 E 2.5(ea)-.1 G F0(K)A F2(line \212 for e)2.5 E(xample:)
-.15 E -.35(OA)142 647.8 S(nis:\255N mail.aliases@my).35 E(.nis.domain)
-.65 E(will search the appropriate NIS map and al)102 664 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G
(ys include null bytes in the k).1 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(.)-.5 E .32 LW 76
673.6 72 673.6 DL 80 673.6 76 673.6 DL 84 673.6 80 673.6 DL 88 673.6 84
673.6 DL 92 673.6 88 673.6 DL 96 673.6 92 673.6 DL 100 673.6 96 673.6 DL
104 673.6 100 673.6 DL 108 673.6 104 673.6 DL 112 673.6 108 673.6 DL 116
673.6 112 673.6 DL 120 673.6 116 673.6 DL 124 673.6 120 673.6 DL 128
673.6 124 673.6 DL 132 673.6 128 673.6 DL 136 673.6 132 673.6 DL 140
673.6 136 673.6 DL 144 673.6 140 673.6 DL 148 673.6 144 673.6 DL 152
673.6 148 673.6 DL 156 673.6 152 673.6 DL 160 673.6 156 673.6 DL 164
673.6 160 673.6 DL 168 673.6 164 673.6 DL 172 673.6 168 673.6 DL 176
673.6 172 673.6 DL 180 673.6 176 673.6 DL 184 673.6 180 673.6 DL 188
673.6 184 673.6 DL 192 673.6 188 673.6 DL 196 673.6 192 673.6 DL 200
673.6 196 673.6 DL 204 673.6 200 673.6 DL 208 673.6 204 673.6 DL 212
673.6 208 673.6 DL 216 673.6 212 673.6 DL/F5 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(8)93.6
684 Q/F6 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(Actually)3.2 I 2(,a)-.52 G .24 -.12(ny m)-2
H(ailer that has the `).12 E 1.776 -.888(A' m)-.64 H(ailer \215ag set will permit aliasing; this is normally limited to the local mailer)
.888 E(.)-.44 E F5(9)93.6 697.6 Q F6(The)3.2 I/F7 8/Times-Italic@0 SF
(gdbm)2 E F6(package probably w)2 E(orks as well.)-.08 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-17)195.86 E 2.5(2.6.1. Reb)102 96 R(uilding the alias database)
-.2 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .542(The DB or DBM v)142 112.2 R .542
(ersion of the database may be reb)-.15 F .542(uilt e)-.2 F .542
(xplicitly by e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .542(cuting the com-).15 F(mand)
117 124.2 Q(ne)157 140.4 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E(This is equi)117
156.6 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to gi).25 E(ving)-.25 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0
SF(sendmail)2.5 E F1(the)2.5 E F0(\255bi)2.5 E F1(\215ag:)2.5 E
(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255bi)157 172.8 Q 2.29(If the)142 193.2 R F0(Reb)
4.79 E(uildAliases)-.2 E F1(\(old)4.79 E F0(D)4.79 E F1 4.79(\)o)C 2.29
(ption is speci\214ed in the con\214guration,)-4.79 F F2(sendmail)4.79 E
F1(will)4.79 E(reb)117 205.2 Q .775(uild the alias database automatically if possible when it is out of date.)
-.2 F(Auto-reb)5.774 E .774(uild can be)-.2 F 1.853(dangerous on hea)117
217.2 R 1.853(vily loaded machines with lar)-.2 F 1.853
(ge alias \214les; if it might tak)-.18 F 4.354(em)-.1 G 1.854
(ore than the)-4.354 F(reb)117 229.2 Q 2.832(uild timeout \(option)-.2 F
F0(AliasW)5.332 E(ait)-.65 E F1 5.332(,o)C(ld)-5.332 E F0(a)5.332 E F1
5.332(,w)C 2.831(hich is normally \214v)-5.332 F 5.331(em)-.15 G 2.831
(inutes\) to reb)-5.331 F 2.831(uild the)-.2 F
(database, there is a chance that se)117 241.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ral processes will start the reb).15 E(uild process simultaneously)-.2
E(.)-.65 E 1.77(If you ha)142 257.4 R 2.07 -.15(ve m)-.2 H 1.77
(ultiple aliases databases speci\214ed, the).15 F F0(\255bi)4.27 E F1
1.77(\215ag reb)4.27 F 1.77(uilds all the database)-.2 F
(types it understands \(for e)117 269.4 Q(xample, it can reb)-.15 E
(uild NDBM databases b)-.2 E(ut not NIS databases\).)-.2 E F0 2.5
(2.6.2. P)102 293.4 R(otential pr)-.2 E(oblems)-.18 E F1 1.131
(There are a number of problems that can occur with the alias database.)
142 309.6 R(The)6.13 E 3.63(ya)-.15 G 1.13(ll result)-3.63 F 1.103
(from a)117 321.6 R F2(sendmail)3.603 E F1 1.103
(process accessing the DBM v)3.603 F 1.103
(ersion while it is only partially b)-.15 F 3.604(uilt. This)-.2 F(can)
3.604 E 1.249(happen under tw)117 333.6 R 3.749(oc)-.1 G 1.248(ircumstances: One process accesses the database while another process is)
-3.749 F(reb)117 345.6 Q .518(uilding it, or the process reb)-.2 F .518
(uilding the database dies \(due to being killed or a system crash\))-.2
F(before completing the reb)117 357.6 Q(uild.)-.2 E .401
(Sendmail has three techniques to try to relie)142 373.8 R .701 -.15
(ve t)-.25 H .401(hese problems.).15 F .4(First, it ignores interrupts)
5.401 F .045(while reb)117 385.8 R .045(uilding the database; this a)-.2
F -.2(vo)-.2 G .045(ids the problem of someone aborting the process lea)
.2 F .045(ving a)-.2 F .177(partially reb)117 397.8 R .177
(uilt database.)-.2 F .177
(Second, it locks the database source \214le during the reb)5.177 F .176
(uild \212 b)-.2 F .176(ut that)-.2 F .812(may not w)117 409.8 R .812
(ork o)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.312(rN).15 G .812
(FS or if the \214le is unwritable.)-3.312 F .813
(Third, at the end of the reb)5.813 F .813(uild it adds an)-.2 F
(alias of the form)117 421.8 Q(@: @)157 438 Q .336
(\(which is not normally le)117 454.2 R -.05(ga)-.15 G 2.836
(l\). Before).05 F F2(sendmail)2.836 E F1 .336
(will access the database, it checks to insure that)2.836 F
(this entry e)117 468.2 Q(xists)-.15 E/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(10)-4 I F1
(.)4 I F0 2.5(2.6.3. List)102 492.2 R -.1(ow)2.5 G(ners).1 E F1 .4
(If an error occurs on sending to a certain address, say \231)142 508.4
R F2(x)A F1<9a2c>A F2(sendmail)2.901 E F1 .401(will look for an alias)
2.901 F .418(of the form \231o)117 520.4 R(wner)-.25 E(-)-.2 E F2(x)A F1
2.918<9a74>C 2.918(or)-2.918 G(ecei)-2.918 E .718 -.15(ve t)-.25 H .418
(he errors.).15 F .417
(This is typically useful for a mailing list where the)5.418 F 1.116
(submitter of the list has no control o)117 532.4 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.617
(rt).15 G 1.117
(he maintenance of the list itself; in this case the list)-3.617 F
(maintainer w)117 544.4 Q(ould be the o)-.1 E(wner of the list.)-.25 E
-.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample:)-2.65 E
(unix-wizards: eric@ucbarpa, wnj@monet, nosuchuser)157 560.6 Q(,)-.4 E
(sam@matisse)193 572.6 Q -.25(ow)157 584.6 S(ner).25 E
(-unix-wizards: unix-wizards-request)-.2 E
(unix-wizards-request: eric@ucbarpa)157 596.6 Q -.1(wo)117 612.8 S .689
(uld cause \231eric@ucbarpa\232 to get the error that will occur when someone sends to unix-wiz-)
.1 F(ards due to the inclusion of \231nosuchuser\232 on the list.)117
624.8 Q .958(List o)142 641 R .958(wners also cause the en)-.25 F -.15
(ve)-.4 G .959(lope sender address to be modi\214ed.).15 F .959
(The contents of the)5.959 F -.25(ow)117 653 S .429
(ner alias are used if the).25 F 2.929(yp)-.15 G .429
(oint to a single user)-2.929 F 2.928(,o)-.4 G .428
(therwise the name of the alias itself is used.)-2.928 F -.15(Fo)117 665
S 3.454(rt).15 G .954(his reason, and to obe)-3.454 F 3.454(yI)-.15 G
.954(nternet con)-3.454 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .954(ntions, the \231o).15 F
(wner)-.25 E .955(-\232 address normally points at the)-.2 F .504(\231-request\232 address; this causes messages to go out with the typical Internet con)
117 677 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .503(ntion of using).15 F .32 LW 76 686.6 72
686.6 DL 80 686.6 76 686.6 DL 84 686.6 80 686.6 DL 88 686.6 84 686.6 DL
92 686.6 88 686.6 DL 96 686.6 92 686.6 DL 100 686.6 96 686.6 DL 104
686.6 100 686.6 DL 108 686.6 104 686.6 DL 112 686.6 108 686.6 DL 116
686.6 112 686.6 DL 120 686.6 116 686.6 DL 124 686.6 120 686.6 DL 128
686.6 124 686.6 DL 132 686.6 128 686.6 DL 136 686.6 132 686.6 DL 140
686.6 136 686.6 DL 144 686.6 140 686.6 DL 148 686.6 144 686.6 DL 152
686.6 148 686.6 DL 156 686.6 152 686.6 DL 160 686.6 156 686.6 DL 164
686.6 160 686.6 DL 168 686.6 164 686.6 DL 172 686.6 168 686.6 DL 176
686.6 172 686.6 DL 180 686.6 176 686.6 DL 184 686.6 180 686.6 DL 188
686.6 184 686.6 DL 192 686.6 188 686.6 DL 196 686.6 192 686.6 DL 200
686.6 196 686.6 DL 204 686.6 200 686.6 DL 208 686.6 204 686.6 DL 212
686.6 208 686.6 DL 216 686.6 212 686.6 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(10)93.6
697 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(The)3.2 I/F6 8/Times-Bold@0 SF(AliasW)2 E
(ait)-.52 E F5
(option is required in the con\214guration for this action to occur)2 E
4(.T)-.44 G(his should normally be speci\214ed.)-4 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-18 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.74(``)
117 96 S/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(list).74 E F1(-request')A 2.5('a)-.74 G
2.5(st)-2.5 G(he return address.)-2.5 E F0 2.5(2.7. User)87 120 R(Inf)
2.5 E(ormation Database)-.25 E F1 1.059(If you ha)127 136.2 R 1.359 -.15
(ve a ve)-.2 H 1.059(rsion of).15 F F2(sendmail)3.559 E F1 1.06
(with the user information database compiled in, and you)3.559 F(ha)102
148.2 Q 2.206 -.15(ve s)-.2 H 1.906
(peci\214ed one or more databases using the).15 F F0(U)4.406 E F1 1.905
(option, the databases will be searched for a)4.406 F F2(user)102 160.2
Q F1(:maildrop entry)A 5(.I)-.65 G 2.5(ff)-5 G
(ound, the mail will be sent to the speci\214ed address.)-2.5 E F0 2.5
(2.8. P)87 184.2 R(er)-.2 E(-User F)-.37 E(orwarding \(.f)-.25 E
(orward Files\))-.25 E F1 .12(As an alternati)127 200.4 R .42 -.15(ve t)
-.25 H 2.62(ot).15 G .12(he alias database, an)-2.62 F 2.62(yu)-.15 G
.121(ser may put a \214le with the name \231.forw)-2.62 F .121
(ard\232 in his)-.1 F .205(or her home directory)102 212.4 R 5.205(.I)
-.65 G 2.705(ft)-5.205 G .205(his \214le e)-2.705 F(xists,)-.15 E F2
(sendmail)2.705 E F1 .205
(redirects mail for that user to the list of addresses)2.705 F .908
(listed in the .forw)102 224.4 R .908(ard \214le.)-.1 F -.15(Fo)5.908 G
3.408(re).15 G .908
(xample, if the home directory for user \231mckusick\232 has a .forw)
-3.558 F(ard)-.1 E(\214le with contents:)102 236.4 Q(mckusick@ernie)142
252.6 Q(kirk@calder)142 264.6 Q(then an)102 280.8 Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G
(ail arri)-2.5 E(ving for \231mckusick\232 will be redirected to the speci\214ed accounts.)
-.25 E(Actually)127 297 Q 3.375(,t)-.65 G .874(he con\214guration \214le de\214nes a sequence of \214lenames to check.)
-3.375 F .874(By def)5.874 F .874(ault, this is)-.1 F .687(the user')102
309 R 3.187(s.)-.55 G(forw)-3.187 E .687(ard \214le, b)-.1 F .687
(ut can be de\214ned to be more generally using the)-.2 F F0(J)3.187 E
F1 3.188(option. If)3.188 F .688(you change)3.188 F .393
(this, you will ha)102 321 R .693 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.893(oi).15 G .393
(nform your user base of the change; .forw)-2.893 F .393
(ard is pretty well incorporated into)-.1 F(the collecti)102 333 Q .3
-.15(ve s)-.25 H(ubconscious.).15 E F0 2.5(2.9. Special)87 357 R
(Header Lines)2.5 E F1(Se)127 373.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.897
(ral header lines ha).15 F 2.197 -.15(ve s)-.2 H 1.897
(pecial interpretations de\214ned by the con\214guration \214le.).15 F
(Others)6.898 E(ha)102 385.2 Q 1.206 -.15(ve i)-.2 H .906
(nterpretations b).15 F .906(uilt into)-.2 F F2(sendmail)3.406 E F1 .905
(that cannot be changed without changing the code.)3.406 F(These)5.905 E
-.2(bu)102 397.2 S(iltins are described here.).2 E F0 2.5(2.9.1. Err)102
421.2 R(ors-T)-.18 E(o:)-.92 E F1 .22(If errors occur an)142 437.4 R .22
(ywhere during processing, this header will cause error messages to go to)
-.15 F(the listed addresses.)117 449.4 Q
(This is intended for mailing lists.)5 E .385(The Errors-T)142 465.6 R
.385(o: header w)-.8 F .384
(as created in the bad old days when UUCP didn')-.1 F 2.884(tu)-.18 G
.384(nderstand the)-2.884 F .889(distinction between an en)117 477.6 R
-.15(ve)-.4 G .889(lope and a header; this w).15 F .889
(as a hack to pro)-.1 F .89(vide what should no)-.15 F 3.39(wb)-.25 G(e)
-3.39 E .81(passed as the en)117 489.6 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .81
(lope sender address.).15 F .809(It should go a)5.81 F -.1(wa)-.15 G
4.609 -.65(y. I).1 H 3.309(ti).65 G 3.309(so)-3.309 G .809
(nly used if the)-3.309 F F0(UseErr)3.309 E(orsT)-.18 E(o)-.92 E F1
(option is set.)117 501.6 Q(The Errors-T)142 517.8 Q(o: header is of)-.8
E(\214cial deprecated and will go a)-.25 E -.1(wa)-.15 G 2.5(yi).1 G 2.5
(naf)-2.5 G(uture release.)-2.5 E F0 2.5(2.9.2. A)102 541.8 R(ppar)-.25
E(ently-T)-.18 E(o:)-.92 E F1 .044
(RFC 822 requires at least one recipient \214eld \(T)142 558 R .045
(o:, Cc:, or Bcc: line\) in e)-.8 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .045(ry message.).15
F .045(If a)5.045 F .562
(message comes in with no recipients listed in the message then)117 570
R F2(sendmail)3.062 E F1 .562(will adjust the header)3.062 F .085
(based on the \231NoRecipientAction\232 option.)117 582 R .085
(One of the possible actions is to add an \231)5.085 F(Apparently-)-.8 E
-.8(To)117 594 S .08(:\232 header line for an).8 F 2.58(yr)-.15 G .08
(ecipients it is a)-2.58 F -.1(wa)-.15 G .08(re of.).1 F .08
(This is not put in as a standard recipient line to)5.08 F -.1(wa)117
606 S(rn an).1 E 2.5(yr)-.15 G(ecipients that the list is not complete.)
-2.5 E(The Apparently-T)142 622.2 Q
(o: header is non-standard and is deprecated.)-.8 E F0 2.5(2.9.3. Pr)102
646.2 R(ecedence)-.18 E F1 .425(The Precedence: header can be used as a crude control of message priority)
142 662.4 R 5.425(.I)-.65 G 2.925(tt)-5.425 G .425(weaks the)-2.925 F(sort order in the queue and can be con\214gured to change the message timeout v)
117 674.4 Q(alues.)-.25 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-19)195.86 E 2.5(2.10. IDENT)87 96 R(Pr)2.5 E(otocol Support)-.18
E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Sendmail)127 112.2 Q/F2 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
1.835(supports the IDENT protocol as de\214ned in RFC 1413.)4.335 F
1.835(Although this enhances)6.835 F .289
(identi\214cation of the author of an email message by doing a `)102
124.2 R .29(`call back')-.74 F 2.79('t)-.74 G 2.79(ot)-2.79 G .29
(he originating system to)-2.79 F .469(include the o)102 136.2 R .469(wner of a particular TCP connection in the audit trail it is in no sense perfect; a deter)
-.25 F(-)-.2 E 1.293(mined for)102 148.2 R 1.294
(ger can easily spoof the IDENT protocol.)-.18 F 1.294(The follo)6.294 F
1.294(wing description is e)-.25 F 1.294(xcerpted from)-.15 F(RFC 1413:)
102 160.2 Q 2.5(6. Security)127 176.4 R(Considerations)2.5 E .006
(The information returned by this protocol is at most as trustw)127
192.6 R(orth)-.1 E 2.505(ya)-.05 G 2.505(st)-2.505 G .005(he host pro)
-2.505 F .005(viding it OR)-.15 F .273(the or)127 204.6 R -.05(ga)-.18 G
.273(nization operating the host.).05 F -.15(Fo)5.273 G 2.773(re).15 G
.274(xample, a PC in an open lab has fe)-2.923 F 2.774(wi)-.25 G 2.774
(fa)-2.774 G .574 -.15(ny c)-2.774 H(ontrols).15 E .987(on it to pre)127
216.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .986(nt a user from ha).15 F .986
(ving this protocol return an)-.2 F 3.486(yi)-.15 G .986
(denti\214er the user w)-3.486 F 3.486(ants. Lik)-.1 F(e-)-.1 E 1.441(wise, if the host has been compromised the information returned may be completely erro-)
127 228.6 R(neous and misleading.)127 240.6 Q .521(The Identi\214cation Protocol is not intended as an authorization or access control protocol.)
127 256.8 R(At)5.52 E 1.036(best, it pro)127 268.8 R 1.037(vides some additional auditing information with respect to TCP connections.)
-.15 F(At)6.037 E -.1(wo)127 280.8 S(rst, it can pro).1 E
(vide misleading, incorrect, or maliciously incorrect information.)-.15
E 1.006(The use of the information returned by this protocol for other than auditing is strongly dis-)
127 297 R 2.697(couraged. Speci\214cally)127 309 R 2.697(,u)-.65 G .197
(sing Identi\214cation Protocol information to mak)-2.697 F 2.697(ea)-.1
G .197(ccess control deci-)-2.697 F .514(sions - either as the primary method \(i.e., no other checks\) or as an adjunct to other methods)
127 321 R(may result in a weak)127 333 Q(ening of normal host security)
-.1 E(.)-.65 E 1.778(An Identi\214cation serv)127 349.2 R 1.778
(er may re)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.778
(al information about users, entities, objects or processes).15 F .337
(which might normally be considered pri)127 361.2 R -.25(va)-.25 G 2.836
(te. An).25 F .336(Identi\214cation serv)2.836 F .336(er pro)-.15 F .336
(vides service which)-.15 F .806
(is a rough analog of the CallerID services pro)127 373.2 R .806
(vided by some phone companies and man)-.15 F 3.306(yo)-.15 G(f)-3.306 E
1.398(the same pri)127 385.2 R -.25(va)-.25 G 1.698 -.15(cy c).25 H
1.398(onsiderations and ar).15 F 1.398
(guments that apply to the CallerID service apply to)-.18 F 3.545
(Identi\214cation. If)127 397.2 R 1.045(you w)3.545 F(ouldn')-.1 E 3.545
(tr)-.18 G 1.045(un a "\214nger" serv)-3.545 F 1.046(er due to pri)-.15
F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.346 -.15(cy c).25 H 1.046(onsiderations you may).15 F
(not w)127 409.2 Q(ant to run this protocol.)-.1 E .377
(In some cases your system may not w)102 425.4 R .377
(ork properly with IDENT support due to a b)-.1 F .376(ug in the TCP/IP)
-.2 F 3.675(implementation. The)102 437.4 R 1.175(symptoms will be that for some hosts the SMTP connection will be closed)
3.675 F .566(almost immediately)102 449.4 R 5.566(.I)-.65 G 3.066(ft)
-5.566 G .565(his is true or if you do not w)-3.066 F .565
(ant to use IDENT)-.1 F 3.065(,y)-.74 G .565(ou should set the IDENT)
-3.065 F(timeout to zero; this will disable the IDENT protocol.)102
461.4 Q F0 2.5(3. ARGUMENTS)72 485.4 R F2 .017(The complete list of ar)
112 501.6 R .017(guments to)-.18 F F1(sendmail)2.517 E F2 .017
(is described in detail in Appendix A.)2.517 F .018(Some important)5.018
F(ar)87 513.6 Q(guments are described here.)-.18 E F0 2.5(3.1. Queue)87
537.6 R(Inter)2.5 E -.1(va)-.1 G(l).1 E F2 .455(The amount of time between forking a process to run through the queue is de\214ned by the)
127 553.8 R F0<ad71>2.955 E F2 2.675(\215ag. If)102 565.8 R .175
(you run with deli)2.675 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .175(ry mode set to).15 F F0
(i)2.675 E F2(or)2.675 E F0(b)2.675 E F2 .176(this can be relati)2.675 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G .176(ly lar).15 F .176(ge, since it will only be rel-)
-.18 F -.25(eva)102 577.8 S .207(nt when a host that w).25 F .207(as do)
-.1 F .207(wn comes back up.)-.25 F .206(If you run in)5.207 F F0(q)
2.706 E F2 .206(mode it should be relati)2.706 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .206
(ly short,).15 F 1.039(since it de\214nes the maximum amount of time that a message may sit in the queue.)
102 589.8 R 1.039(\(See also the)6.039 F(MinQueueAge option.\))102 601.8
Q 1.336(RFC 1123 section 5.3.1.1 says that this v)127 618 R 1.335
(alue should be at least 30 minutes \(although that)-.25 F
(probably doesn')102 630 Q 2.5(tm)-.18 G(ak)-2.5 E 2.5(es)-.1 G
(ense if you use `)-2.5 E(`queue-only')-.74 E 2.5('m)-.74 G(ode\).)-2.5
E F0 2.5(3.2. Daemon)87 654 R(Mode)2.5 E F2 .084(If you allo)127 670.2 R
2.584(wi)-.25 G .084(ncoming mail o)-2.584 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.585(ra).15
G 2.585(nI)-2.585 G .085(PC connection, you should ha)-2.585 F .385 -.15
(ve a d)-.2 H .085(aemon running.).15 F(This)5.085 E .07
(should be set by your)102 682.2 R F1(/etc/r)2.57 E(c)-.37 E F2 .07
(\214le using the)2.57 F F0(\255bd)2.57 E F2 2.569(\215ag. The)2.57 F F0
(\255bd)2.569 E F2 .069(\215ag and the)2.569 F F0<ad71>2.569 E F2 .069
(\215ag may be combined)2.569 F(in one call:)102 694.2 Q
(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255bd \255q30m)142 710.4 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-20 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .292
(An alternati)127 96 R .592 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .292(pproach is to in).15 F
-.2(vo)-.4 G .493 -.1(ke s).2 H .293(endmail from).1 F/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(inetd)2.793 E F1 .293(\(8\) \(use the)B F0(\255bs)
2.793 E F1 .293(\215ag to ask sendmail)2.793 F .255
(to speak SMTP on its standard input and output\).)102 108 R .255
(This w)5.255 F .255(orks and allo)-.1 F .255(ws you to wrap)-.25 F F2
(sendmail)2.755 E F1 .255(in a)2.755 F 1.39(TCP wrapper program, b)102
120 R 1.39(ut may be a bit slo)-.2 F 1.39
(wer since the con\214guration \214le has to be re-read on)-.25 F -2.15
-.25(ev e)102 132 T .556(ry message that comes in.).25 F .556
(If you do this, you still need to ha)5.556 F .856 -.15(ve a)-.2 H F2
(sendmail)3.206 E F1 .555(running to \215ush the)3.055 F(queue:)102 144
Q(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255q30m)142 160.2 Q F0 2.5(3.3. F)87 188.4 R(or)
-.25 E(cing the Queue)-.18 E F1 .04(In some cases you may \214nd that the queue has gotten clogged for some reason.)
127 204.6 R -1.1(Yo)5.04 G 2.54(uc)1.1 G .04(an force)-2.54 F 3.185(aq)
102 216.6 S .685(ueue run using the)-3.185 F F0<ad71>3.184 E F1 .684
(\215ag \(with no v)3.184 F 3.184(alue\). It)-.25 F .684
(is entertaining to use the)3.184 F F0<ad76>3.184 E F1 .684(\215ag \(v)
3.184 F .684(erbose\) when)-.15 F(this is done to w)102 228.6 Q
(atch what happens:)-.1 E(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255q \255v)142 244.8 Q
-1.1(Yo)127 265.2 S 4.004(uc)1.1 G 1.504
(an also limit the jobs to those with a particular queue identi\214er)
-4.004 F 4.004(,s)-.4 G(ender)-4.004 E 4.004(,o)-.4 G 4.004(rr)-4.004 G
(ecipient)-4.004 E .687(using one of the queue modi\214ers.)102 277.2 R
-.15(Fo)5.687 G 3.187(re).15 G .687(xample, \231\255qRberk)-3.337 F(ele)
-.1 E .686(y\232 restricts the queue run to jobs that)-.15 F(ha)102
289.2 Q .525 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .225(he string \231berk).15 F(ele)-.1 E
.225(y\232 some)-.15 F .225(where in one of the recipient addresses.)
-.25 F(Similarly)5.226 E 2.726<2c99>-.65 G .226(\255qSstring\232 lim-)
-2.726 F(its the run to particular senders and \231\255qIstring\232 limits it to particular queue identi\214ers.)
102 301.2 Q F0 2.5(3.4. Deb)87 325.2 R(ugging)-.2 E F1 1.365
(There are a f)127 341.4 R 1.365(airly lar)-.1 F 1.365(ge number of deb)
-.18 F 1.365(ug \215ags b)-.2 F 1.365(uilt into)-.2 F F2(sendmail)3.865
E F1 6.365(.E)C 1.365(ach deb)-6.365 F 1.365(ug \215ag has a)-.2 F 1.116
(number and a le)102 353.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.116(l, where higher le).15
F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.116(ls means to print out more information.).15 F
1.116(The con)6.116 F -.15(ve)-.4 G 1.116(ntion is).15 F .294(that le)
102 365.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .294(ls greater than nine are \231absurd,).15
F 2.794<9a69>-.7 G .294(.e., the)-2.794 F 2.794(yp)-.15 G .293
(rint out so much information that you w)-2.794 F(ouldn')-.1 E(t)-.18 E
.691(normally w)102 377.4 R .692(ant to see them e)-.1 F .692
(xcept for deb)-.15 F .692(ugging that particular piece of code.)-.2 F
(Deb)5.692 E .692(ug \215ags are set)-.2 F(using the)102 389.4 Q F0
<ad64>2.5 E F1(option; the syntax is:)2.5 E(deb)142 405.6 Q(ug-\215ag:)
-.2 E F0<ad64>12.78 E F1(deb)2.5 E(ug-list)-.2 E(deb)142 417.6 Q 13.05
(ug-list: deb)-.2 F(ug-option [ , deb)-.2 E(ug-option ]*)-.2 E(deb)142
429.6 Q -.28(ug-option: deb)-.2 F(ug-range [ . deb)-.2 E(ug-le)-.2 E
-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l]).15 G(deb)142 441.6 Q 3.07(ug-range: inte)-.2 F
(ger | inte)-.15 E(ger \255 inte)-.15 E(ger)-.15 E(deb)142 453.6 Q
(ug-le)-.2 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 6.24(l: inte).15 F(ger)-.15 E
(where spaces are for reading ease only)102 469.8 Q 5(.F)-.65 G(or e)
-5.15 E(xample,)-.15 E 34.99(\255d12 Set)142 486 R(\215ag 12 to le)2.5 E
-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l1).15 G 27.49(\255d12.3 Set)142 498 R
(\215ag 12 to le)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l3).15 G 24.35
(\255d3\25517 Set)142 510 R(\215ags 3 through 17 to le)2.5 E -.15(ve)
-.25 G 2.5(l1).15 G 16.85(\255d3\25517.4 Set)142 522 R
(\215ags 3 through 17 to le)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l4).15 G -.15(Fo)
102 538.2 S 4.066(rac).15 G 1.566(omplete list of the a)-4.066 F -.25
(va)-.2 G 1.565(ilable deb).25 F 1.565(ug \215ags you will ha)-.2 F
1.865 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 4.065(ol).15 G 1.565(ook at the code \(the)-4.065
F 4.065(ya)-.15 G 1.565(re too)-4.065 F(dynamic to k)102 550.2 Q
(eep this documentation up to date\).)-.1 E F0 2.5(3.5. Changing)87
574.2 R(the V)2.5 E(alues of Options)-.92 E F1(Options can be o)127
590.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(rridden using the).15 E F0<ad6f>2.5 E F1(or)2.5 E
F0<ad4f>2.5 E F1(command line \215ags.)2.5 E -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G
(xample,)-2.65 E(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255oT2m)142 606.6 Q .02(sets the)
102 622.8 R F0(T)2.52 E F1 .02(\(timeout\) option to tw)2.52 F 2.52(om)
-.1 G .021(inutes for this run only; the equi)-2.52 F -.25(va)-.25 G
.021(lent line using the long option).25 F(name is)102 634.8 Q
(/usr/sbin/sendmail -O)142 651 Q -.35(Ti)-.4 G(meout.queuereturn=2m).35
E .72(Some options ha)127 671.4 R 1.02 -.15(ve s)-.2 H .72
(ecurity implications.).15 F .72(Sendmail allo)5.72 F .72
(ws you to set these, b)-.25 F .72(ut relinquishes)-.2 F EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-21)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(its setuid root permissions thereafter)102 98 Q/F2 7/Times-Roman@0 SF
(11)-4 I F1(.)4 I F0 2.5(3.6. T)87 122 R(rying a Differ)-.74 E
(ent Con\214guration File)-.18 E F1(An alternati)127 138.2 Q .3 -.15
(ve c)-.25 H(on\214guration \214le can be speci\214ed using the).15 E F0
<ad43>2.5 E F1(\215ag; for e)2.5 E(xample,)-.15 E
(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255Ctest.cf \255oQ/tmp/mqueue)142 154.4 Q .429
(uses the con\214guration \214le)102 170.6 R/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
(test.cf)2.928 E F1 .428(instead of the def)2.928 F(ault)-.1 E F3
(/etc/sendmail.cf)2.928 E(.)-.15 E F1 .428(If the)5.428 F F0<ad43>2.928
E F1 .428(\215ag has no v)2.928 F(alue)-.25 E(it def)102 182.6 Q
(aults to)-.1 E F3(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1(in the current directory)2.5 E
(.)-.65 E F3(Sendmail)127 198.8 Q F1(gi)2.679 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.679(su)
.15 G 2.679(pi)-2.679 G .18(ts setuid root permissions when you use this \215ag, so it is common to use a)
-2.679 F .069(publicly writable directory \(such as /tmp\) as the spool directory \(QueueDirectory or Q option\) while)
102 210.8 R(testing.)102 222.8 Q F0 2.5(3.7. Logging)87 246.8 R -.74(Tr)
2.5 G(af\214c).74 E F1(Man)127 263 Q 3.254(yS)-.15 G .754
(MTP implementations do not fully implement the protocol.)-3.254 F -.15
(Fo)5.754 G 3.254(re).15 G .755(xample, some per)-3.404 F(-)-.2 E 1.178
(sonal computer based SMTPs do not understand continuation lines in reply codes.)
102 275 R 1.177(These can be)6.178 F -.15(ve)102 287 S .13
(ry hard to trace.).15 F .13
(If you suspect such a problem, you can set traf)5.13 F .13
(\214c logging using the)-.25 F F0<ad58>2.63 E F1 2.63(\215ag. F)2.63 F
(or)-.15 E -.15(ex)102 299 S(ample,).15 E
(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255X /tmp/traf)142 315.2 Q(\214c \255bd)-.25 E
(will log all traf)102 331.4 Q(\214c in the \214le)-.25 E F3(/tmp/tr)2.5
E(af)-.15 E<8c63>-.18 E F1(.)A .998(This logs a lot of data v)127 347.6
R .997(ery quickly and should)-.15 F F0(NEVER)3.497 E F1 .997
(be used during normal operations.)3.497 F .962(After starting up such a daemon, force the errant implementation to send a message to your host.)
102 359.6 R .609(All message traf)102 371.6 R .609(\214c in and out of)
-.25 F F3(sendmail)3.109 E F1 3.109(,i)C .609
(ncluding the incoming SMTP traf)-3.109 F .608(\214c, will be logged in)
-.25 F(this \214le.)102 383.6 Q F0 2.5(3.8. T)87 407.6 R
(esting Con\214guration Files)-.92 E F1 .643(When you b)127 423.8 R .644
(uild a con\214guration table, you can do a certain amount of testing using the \231test)
-.2 F(mode\232 of)102 435.8 Q F3(sendmail)2.5 E F1 5(.F)C(or e)-5.15 E
(xample, you could in)-.15 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G F3(sendmail)2.6 E
F1(as:)2.5 E(sendmail \255bt \255Ctest.cf)142 452 Q .448(which w)102
468.2 R .448(ould read the con\214guration \214le \231test.cf\232 and enter test mode.)
-.1 F .447(In this mode, you enter lines)5.447 F(of the form:)102 480.2
Q(rwset address)142 496.4 Q(where)102 512.6 Q F3(rwset)3.006 E F1 .506
(is the re)3.006 F .506(writing set you w)-.25 F .506(ant to use and)-.1
F F3(addr)3.007 E(ess)-.37 E F1 .507(is an address to apply the set to.)
3.007 F -.7(Te)5.507 G(st).7 E .794(mode sho)102 524.6 R .794
(ws you the steps it tak)-.25 F .794(es as it proceeds, \214nally sho)
-.1 F .794(wing you the address it ends up with.)-.25 F -1.1(Yo)102
536.6 S 3.331(um)1.1 G .832(ay use a comma separated list of rwsets for sequential application of rules to an input.)
-3.331 F -.15(Fo)5.832 G(r).15 E -.15(ex)102 548.6 S(ample:).15 E
(3,1,21,4 monet:bollard)142 564.8 Q .622
(\214rst applies ruleset three to the input \231monet:bollard.)102 581 R
5.622<9a52>-.7 G .622(uleset one is then applied to the output of)-5.622
F(ruleset three, follo)102 593 Q
(wed similarly by rulesets twenty-one and four)-.25 E(.)-.55 E 1.084(If you need more detail, you can also use the \231\255d21\232 \215ag to turn on more deb)
127 609.2 R 3.585(ugging. F)-.2 F(or)-.15 E -.15(ex)102 621.2 S(ample,)
.15 E(sendmail \255bt \255d21.99)142 637.4 Q .689
(turns on an incredible amount of information; a single w)102 653.6 R
.688(ord address is probably going to print out)-.1 F(se)102 665.6 Q
-.15(ve)-.25 G(ral pages w).15 E(orth of information.)-.1 E .32 LW 76
678.8 72 678.8 DL 80 678.8 76 678.8 DL 84 678.8 80 678.8 DL 88 678.8 84
678.8 DL 92 678.8 88 678.8 DL 96 678.8 92 678.8 DL 100 678.8 96 678.8 DL
104 678.8 100 678.8 DL 108 678.8 104 678.8 DL 112 678.8 108 678.8 DL 116
678.8 112 678.8 DL 120 678.8 116 678.8 DL 124 678.8 120 678.8 DL 128
678.8 124 678.8 DL 132 678.8 128 678.8 DL 136 678.8 132 678.8 DL 140
678.8 136 678.8 DL 144 678.8 140 678.8 DL 148 678.8 144 678.8 DL 152
678.8 148 678.8 DL 156 678.8 152 678.8 DL 160 678.8 156 678.8 DL 164
678.8 160 678.8 DL 168 678.8 164 678.8 DL 172 678.8 168 678.8 DL 176
678.8 172 678.8 DL 180 678.8 176 678.8 DL 184 678.8 180 678.8 DL 188
678.8 184 678.8 DL 192 678.8 188 678.8 DL 196 678.8 192 678.8 DL 200
678.8 196 678.8 DL 204 678.8 200 678.8 DL 208 678.8 204 678.8 DL 212
678.8 208 678.8 DL 216 678.8 212 678.8 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(11)93.6
689.2 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .497(That is, it sets its ef)3.2 J(fecti)
-.2 E .737 -.12(ve u)-.2 H .497(id to the real uid; thus, if you are e)
.12 F -.12(xe)-.12 G .497(cuting as root, as from root').12 F 2.497(sc)
-.44 G .497(rontab \214le or during system)-2.497 F
(startup the root permissions will still be honored.)72 702 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-22 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -1.1(Yo)
127 96 S 2.574(us)1.1 G .074(hould be w)-2.574 F .074
(arned that internally)-.1 F(,)-.65 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)
2.575 E F1 .075(applies ruleset 3 to all addresses.)2.575 F .075
(In test mode)5.075 F(you will ha)102 108 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.5(od)
.15 G 2.5(ot)-2.5 G(hat manually)-2.5 E 5(.F)-.65 G(or e)-5.15 E
(xample, older v)-.15 E(ersions allo)-.15 E(wed you to use)-.25 E 2.5
(0b)142 124.2 S(ruce@broadcast.son)-2.5 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(com).65 E
(This v)102 140.4 Q(ersion requires that you use:)-.15 E
(3,0 bruce@broadcast.son)142 156.6 Q -.65(y.)-.15 G(com).65 E(As of v)
127 177 Q(ersion 8.7, some other syntax)-.15 E(es are a)-.15 E -.25(va)
-.2 G(ilable in test mode:).25 E 5<832e>107 193.2 S 1.666(Dxv)-5 G .328
(alue de\214nes macro)-1.916 F F2(x)2.828 E F1 .328(to ha)2.828 F .628
-.15(ve t)-.2 H .328(he indicated).15 F F2(value)2.828 E F1 5.328(.T)C
.328(his is useful when deb)-5.328 F .327(ugging rules that)-.2 F
(use the)115.5 205.2 Q F0($&)2.5 E F2(x)A F1(syntax.)2.5 E 5<832e>107
217.2 S 1.666(Ccv)-5 G(alue adds the indicated)-1.916 E F2(value)2.5 E
F1(to class)2.5 E F2(c)2.5 E F1(.)A 5<832e>107 229.2 S 1.666(Sr)-5 G
(uleset dumps the contents of the indicated ruleset.)-1.666 E 5<83ad>107
241.2 S 1.666(dd)-5 G(eb)-1.666 E(ug-spec is equi)-.2 E -.25(va)-.25 G
(lent to the command-line \215ag.).25 E F0 2.5(3.9. P)87 265.2 R
(ersistent Host Status Inf)-.2 E(ormation)-.25 E F1(When)127 281.4 Q F0
(HostStatusDir)2.569 E(ectory)-.18 E F1 .069
(is enabled, information about the status of hosts is maintained on)
2.569 F .249(disk and can thus be shared between dif)102 293.4 R .249
(ferent instantiations of)-.25 F F2(sendmail)2.749 E F1 5.249(.T)C .248
(he status of the last con-)-5.249 F
(nection with each remote host may be vie)102 305.4 Q
(wed with the command:)-.25 E(sendmail \255bh)142 321.6 Q
(This information may be \215ushed with the command:)102 337.8 Q
(sendmail \255bH)142 354 Q 1.534(Flushing the information pre)102 370.2
R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.534(nts ne).15 F(w)-.25 E F2(sendmail)4.034 E F1
1.535(processes from loading it, b)4.035 F 1.535(ut does not pre)-.2 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G(nt).15 E -.15(ex)102 382.2 S
(isting processes from using the status information that the).15 E 2.5
(ya)-.15 G(lready ha)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(.).15 E F0 2.5(4. TUNING)72
406.2 R F1 1.922
(There are a number of con\214guration parameters you may w)112 422.4 R
1.922(ant to change, depending on the)-.1 F .366
(requirements of your site.)87 434.4 R .367
(Most of these are set using an option in the con\214guration \214le.)
5.366 F -.15(Fo)5.367 G 2.867(re).15 G(xample,)-3.017 E
(the line \231O T)87 446.4 Q
(imeout.queuereturn=5d\232 sets option \231T)-.35 E
(imeout.queuereturn\232 to the v)-.35 E(alue \2315d\232 \(\214v)-.25 E
2.5(ed)-.15 G(ays\).)-2.5 E .735(Most of these options ha)112 462.6 R
1.035 -.15(ve a)-.2 H .735(ppropriate def).15 F .735
(aults for most sites.)-.1 F(Ho)5.735 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.535
-.4(r, s).15 H .735(ites ha).4 F .735(ving v)-.2 F .735(ery high)-.15 F
.045(mail loads may \214nd the)87 474.6 R 2.545(yn)-.15 G .046
(eed to tune them as appropriate for their mail load.)-2.545 F .046
(In particular)5.046 F 2.546(,s)-.4 G .046(ites e)-2.546 F(xperi-)-.15 E
1.088(encing a lar)87 486.6 R 1.088(ge number of small messages, man)
-.18 F 3.588(yo)-.15 G 3.587(fw)-3.588 G 1.087(hich are deli)-3.587 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G 1.087(red to man).15 F 3.587(yr)-.15 G 1.087
(ecipients, may \214nd)-3.587 F(that the)87 498.6 Q 2.5(yn)-.15 G
(eed to adjust the parameters dealing with queue priorities.)-2.5 E .523
(All v)112 514.8 R .523(ersions of)-.15 F F2(sendmail)3.023 E F1 .524
(prior to 8.7 had single character option names.)3.023 F .524
(As of 8.7, options ha)5.524 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.216
(long \(multi-character names\).)87 526.8 R 1.216
(Although old short names are still accepted, most ne)6.216 F 3.715(wo)
-.25 G 1.215(ptions do not)-3.715 F(ha)87 538.8 Q .3 -.15(ve s)-.2 H
(hort equi).15 E -.25(va)-.25 G(lents.).25 E .802
(This section only describes the options you are most lik)112 555 R .802
(ely to w)-.1 F .802(ant to tweak; read section 5 for)-.1 F
(more details.)87 567 Q F0 2.5(4.1. T)87 591 R(imeouts)-.18 E F1 .583
(All time interv)127 607.2 R .583(als are set using a scaled syntax.)
-.25 F -.15(Fo)5.583 G 3.083(re).15 G .583
(xample, \23110m\232 represents ten minutes,)-3.233 F
(whereas \2312h30m\232 represents tw)102 619.2 Q 2.5(oa)-.1 G
(nd a half hours.)-2.5 E(The full set of scales is:)5 E 16.11(ss)142
635.4 S(econds)-16.11 E 12.22(mm)142 647.4 S(inutes)-12.22 E 15(hh)142
659.4 S(ours)-15 E 15(dd)142 671.4 S(ays)-15 E 12.78(ww)142 683.4 S
(eeks)-12.78 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-23)195.86 E 2.5(4.1.1. Queue)102 96 R(inter)2.5 E -.1(va)-.1 G
(l).1 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .18(The ar)142 112.2 R .18(gument to the)
-.18 F F0<ad71>2.68 E F1 .18(\215ag speci\214es ho)2.68 F 2.68(wo)-.25 G
.18(ften a sub-daemon will run the queue.)-2.68 F .18(This is)5.18 F
.968(typically set to between \214fteen minutes and one hour)117 124.2 R
5.968(.R)-.55 G .967(FC 1123 section 5.3.1.1 recommends)-5.968 F
(that this be at least 30 minutes.)117 136.2 Q F0 2.5(4.1.2. Read)102
160.2 R(timeouts)2.5 E F1 -.35(Ti)142 176.4 S 1.052(meouts all ha).35 F
1.352 -.15(ve o)-.2 H 1.052(ption names \231T).15 F(imeout.)-.35 E/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(suboption)A F1 3.552(\232. The)B(recognized)3.552 E
F2(suboption)3.553 E F1 1.053(s, their)B(def)117 188.4 Q(ault v)-.1 E
(alues, and the minimum v)-.25 E(alues allo)-.25 E
(wed by RFC 1123 section 5.3.2 are:)-.25 E 38.4(connect The)117 204.6 R
.161(time to w)2.661 F .161(ait for an SMTP connection to open \(the)-.1
F F2(connect)2.66 E F1 .16(\(2\) system call\))B 1.153
([0, unspeci\214ed].)189 216.6 R 1.153(If zero, uses the k)6.153 F 1.153
(ernel def)-.1 F 3.653(ault. In)-.1 F 1.153(no case can this option)
3.653 F -.15(ex)189 228.6 S .519(tend the timeout longer than the k).15
F .518(ernel pro)-.1 F .518(vides, b)-.15 F .518(ut it can shorten it.)
-.2 F(This)5.518 E .579(is to get around k)189 240.6 R .579
(ernels that pro)-.1 F .579
(vide an absurdly long connection timeout \(90)-.15 F
(minutes in one case\).)189 252.6 Q 35.62(iconnect The)117 268.8 R .311
(same as)2.811 F F2(connect,)2.811 E F1 -.15(ex)2.811 G .311
(cept it applies only to the initial attempt to connect to).15 F 2.75
(ah)189 280.8 S .25(ost for a gi)-2.75 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.75(nm).15 G
.25(essage [0, unspeci\214ed].)-2.75 F .25
(The concept is that this should be)5.25 F -.15(ve)189 292.8 S .767
(ry short \(a fe).15 F 3.267(ws)-.25 G .767
(econds\); hosts that are well connected and responsi)-3.267 F 1.066
-.15(ve w)-.25 H(ill).15 E .026(thus be serviced immediately)189 304.8 R
5.026(.H)-.65 G .026(osts that are slo)-5.026 F 2.526(ww)-.25 G .026
(ill not hold up other deli)-2.526 F(v-)-.25 E
(eries in the initial deli)189 316.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry attempt.).15 E
46.16(initial The)117 333 R -.1(wa)2.5 G
(it for the initial 220 greeting message [5m, 5m].).1 E 52.28(helo The)
117 349.2 R -.1(wa)4.227 G 1.727
(it for a reply from a HELO or EHLO command [5m, unspeci\214ed].).1 F .1
(This may require a host name lookup, so \214v)189 361.2 R 2.6(em)-.15 G
.1(inutes is probably a reasonable)-2.6 F(minimum.)189 373.2 Q 46.72
(mail\207 The)117 389.4 R -.1(wa)2.5 G
(it for a reply from a MAIL command [10m, 5m].).1 E 48.95(rcpt\207 The)
117 405.6 R -.1(wa)3.482 G .982
(it for a reply from a RCPT command [1h, 5m].).1 F .981
(This should be long)5.981 F 1.556
(because it could be pointing at a list that tak)189 417.6 R 1.556
(es a long time to e)-.1 F 1.556(xpand \(see)-.15 F(belo)189 429.6 Q
(w\).)-.25 E 34.5(datainit\207 The)117 445.8 R -.1(wa)2.5 G
(it for a reply from a D).1 E -1.21 -1.11(AT A)-.4 H(command [5m, 2m].)
3.61 E 25.62(datablock\207 The)117 462 R -.1(wa)2.696 G .196
(it for reading a data block \(that is, the body of the message\).).1 F
.196([1h, 3m].)5.196 F .621(This should be long because it also applies to programs piping input to)
189 474 R F2(send-)3.121 E(mail)189 486 Q F1(which ha)2.5 E .3 -.15
(ve n)-.2 H 2.5(og).15 G(uarantee of promptness.)-2.5 E 30.06
(data\214nal\207 The)117 502.2 R -.1(wa)2.806 G .306
(it for a reply from the dot terminating a message.).1 F .306
([1h, 10m].)5.306 F .306(If this is)5.306 F .883
(shorter than the time actually needed for the recei)189 514.2 R -.15
(ve)-.25 G 3.384(rt).15 G 3.384(od)-3.384 G(eli)-3.384 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
3.384(rt).15 G .884(he message,)-3.384 F(duplicates will be generated.)
189 526.2 Q(This is discussed in RFC 1047.)5 E 55.06(rset The)117 542.4
R -.1(wa)2.5 G(it for a reply from a RSET command [5m, unspeci\214ed].)
.1 E 53.94(quit The)117 558.6 R -.1(wa)2.5 G(it for a reply from a Q).1
E(UIT command [2m, unspeci\214ed].)-.1 E 50.61(misc The)117 574.8 R -.1
(wa)2.761 G .261(it for a reply from miscellaneous \(b).1 F .261
(ut short\) commands such as NOOP)-.2 F
(\(no-operation\) and VERB \(go into v)189 586.8 Q(erbose mode\).)-.15 E
([2m, unspeci\214ed].)5 E 25.06(command\207 In)117 603 R(serv)2.5 E
(er SMTP)-.15 E 2.5(,t)-1.11 G(he time to w)-2.5 E
(ait for another command.)-.1 E([1h, 5m].)5 E 49.5(ident The)117 621.2 R
(timeout w)2.5 E(aiting for a reply to an IDENT query [30s)-.1 E/F3 7
/Times-Roman@0 SF(12)-4 I F1 2.5(,u)4 K(nspeci\214ed].)-2.5 E -.15(Fo)
117 637.4 S 4.608(rc).15 G 2.108
(ompatibility with old con\214guration \214les, if no)-4.608 F F2
(suboption)4.609 E F1 2.109(is speci\214ed, all the timeouts)4.609 F
(mark)117 649.4 Q(ed with \207 are set to the indicated v)-.1 E(alue.)
-.25 E(Man)142 665.6 Q 2.501(yo)-.15 G 2.501(ft)-2.501 G .001
(he RFC 1123 minimum v)-2.501 F .001(alues may well be too short.)-.25 F
F2(Sendmail)5 E F1 -.1(wa)2.5 G 2.5(sd).1 G(esigned to)-2.5 E .711
(the RFC 822 protocols, which did not specify read timeouts; hence, v)
117 677.6 R .712(ersions of)-.15 F F2(sendmail)3.212 E F1(prior)3.212 E
.32 LW 76 687.2 72 687.2 DL 80 687.2 76 687.2 DL 84 687.2 80 687.2 DL 88
687.2 84 687.2 DL 92 687.2 88 687.2 DL 96 687.2 92 687.2 DL 100 687.2 96
687.2 DL 104 687.2 100 687.2 DL 108 687.2 104 687.2 DL 112 687.2 108
687.2 DL 116 687.2 112 687.2 DL 120 687.2 116 687.2 DL 124 687.2 120
687.2 DL 128 687.2 124 687.2 DL 132 687.2 128 687.2 DL 136 687.2 132
687.2 DL 140 687.2 136 687.2 DL 144 687.2 140 687.2 DL 148 687.2 144
687.2 DL 152 687.2 148 687.2 DL 156 687.2 152 687.2 DL 160 687.2 156
687.2 DL 164 687.2 160 687.2 DL 168 687.2 164 687.2 DL 172 687.2 168
687.2 DL 176 687.2 172 687.2 DL 180 687.2 176 687.2 DL 184 687.2 180
687.2 DL 188 687.2 184 687.2 DL 192 687.2 188 687.2 DL 196 687.2 192
687.2 DL 200 687.2 196 687.2 DL 204 687.2 200 687.2 DL 208 687.2 204
687.2 DL 212 687.2 208 687.2 DL 216 687.2 212 687.2 DL/F4 5
/Times-Roman@0 SF(12)93.6 697.6 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF
(On some systems the def)3.2 I(ault is zero to turn the protocol of)-.08
E 2(fe)-.2 G(ntirely)-2 E(.)-.52 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-24 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .865
(to v)117 96 R .865
(ersion 8.1 did not guarantee to reply to messages promptly)-.15 F 5.864
(.I)-.65 G 3.364(np)-5.864 G(articular)-3.364 E 3.364(,a\231)-.4 G .864
(RCPT\232 com-)-3.364 F .06(mand specifying a mailing list will e)117
108 R .06(xpand and v)-.15 F .061(erify the entire list; a lar)-.15 F
.061(ge list on a slo)-.18 F 2.561(ws)-.25 G(ystem)-2.561 E .435
(may easily tak)117 122 R 2.935(em)-.1 G .435(ore than \214v)-2.935 F
2.935(em)-.15 G(inutes)-2.935 E/F2 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(13)-4 I F1 5.436
(.I)4 K .436(recommend a one hour timeout \212 since a commu-)-2.5 F
1.366(nications f)117 134 R 1.366(ailure during the RCPT phase is rare, a long timeout is not onerous and may ulti-)
-.1 F(mately help reduce netw)117 146 Q
(ork load and duplicated messages.)-.1 E -.15(Fo)142 162.2 S 2.5(re).15
G(xample, the lines:)-2.65 E 2.5(OT)157 178.4 S(imeout.command=25m)-2.85
E 2.5(OT)157 190.4 S(imeout.datablock=3h)-2.85 E .343(sets the serv)117
206.6 R .344(er SMTP command timeout to 25 minutes and the input data block timeout to three)
-.15 F(hours.)117 218.6 Q F0 2.5(4.1.3. Message)102 242.6 R(timeouts)2.5
E F1 .238(After sitting in the queue for a fe)142 258.8 R 2.737(wd)-.25
G .237(ays, a message will time out.)-2.737 F .237
(This is to insure that at)5.237 F .567(least the sender is a)117 270.8
R -.1(wa)-.15 G .568(re of the inability to send a message.).1 F .568
(The timeout is typically set to \214v)5.568 F(e)-.15 E 2.6(days. It)117
282.8 R .1(is sometimes considered con)2.6 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .099
(nient to also send a w).15 F .099(arning message if the message is in)
-.1 F .175(the queue longer than a fe)117 294.8 R 2.675(wh)-.25 G .175
(ours \(assuming you normally ha)-2.675 F .476 -.15(ve g)-.2 H .176
(ood connecti).15 F .176(vity; if your mes-)-.25 F .645
(sages normally took se)117 306.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .645
(ral hours to send you w).15 F(ouldn')-.1 E 3.145(tw)-.18 G .645
(ant to do this because it w)-3.245 F(ouldn')-.1 E 3.145(tb)-.18 G(e)
-3.145 E .057(an unusual e)117 318.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.557(nt\). These)
.15 F .057(timeouts are set using the)2.557 F F0 -.18(Ti)2.558 G
(meout.queuer).18 E(etur)-.18 E(n)-.15 E F1(and)2.558 E F0 -.18(Ti)2.558
G(meout.queue-).18 E(war)117 330.8 Q(n)-.15 E F1
(options in the con\214guration \214le \(pre)2.5 E
(viously both were set using the)-.25 E F0(T)2.5 E F1(option\).)2.5 E
.106(Since these options are global, and since you can not kno)142 347 R
(w)-.25 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF 2.606(ap)2.606 G(riori)-2.606 E F1(ho)
2.606 E 2.606(wl)-.25 G .106(ong another host)-2.606 F .475
(outside your domain will be do)117 359 R .475(wn, a \214v)-.25 F 2.975
(ed)-.15 G .475(ay timeout is recommended.)-2.975 F .476(This allo)5.476
F .476(ws a recipient)-.25 F 1.58(to \214x the problem e)117 371 R -.15
(ve)-.25 G 4.08(ni).15 G 4.08(fi)-4.08 G 4.08(to)-4.08 G 1.579
(ccurs at the be)-4.08 F 1.579(ginning of a long week)-.15 F 4.079
(end. RFC)-.1 F 1.579(1123 section)4.079 F
(5.3.1.1 says that this parameter should be `)117 383 Q
(`at least 4\2555 days')-.74 E('.)-.74 E(The)142 399.2 Q F0 -.18(Ti)
2.922 G(meout.queuewar).18 E(n)-.15 E F1 -.25(va)2.922 G .422
(lue can be piggyback).25 F .422(ed on the)-.1 F F0(T)2.922 E F1 .423
(option by indicating a time)2.922 F .846(after which a w)117 411.2 R
.846(arning message should be sent; the tw)-.1 F 3.346(ot)-.1 G .845
(imeouts are separated by a slash.)-3.346 F -.15(Fo)5.845 G(r).15 E -.15
(ex)117 423.2 S(ample, the line).15 E -.4(OT)157 439.4 S(5d/4h).4 E .971
(causes email to f)117 455.6 R .971(ail after \214v)-.1 F 3.471(ed)-.15
G .971(ays, b)-3.471 F .971(ut a w)-.2 F .971
(arning message will be sent after four hours.)-.1 F(This)5.972 E
(should be lar)117 467.6 Q(ge enough that the message will ha)-.18 E .3
-.15(ve b)-.2 H(een tried se).15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ral times.).15 E F0
2.5(4.2. F)87 491.6 R(orking During Queue Runs)-.25 E F1 .849
(By setting the)127 507.8 R F0 -.25(Fo)3.349 G(rkEachJ).25 E(ob)-.15 E
F1(\()3.349 E F0(Y)A F1 3.348(\)o)C(ption,)-3.348 E F3(sendmail)3.348 E
F1 .848(will fork before each indi)3.348 F .848(vidual message)-.25 F
.292(while running the queue.)102 519.8 R .293(This will pre)5.293 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G(nt).15 E F3(sendmail)2.793 E F1 .293(from consuming lar)
2.793 F .293(ge amounts of memory)-.18 F 2.793(,s)-.65 G(o)-2.793 E 1.11
(it may be useful in memory-poor en)102 531.8 R 3.61(vironments. Ho)-.4
F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.91 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.61(ft).4 G(he)-3.61 E
F0 -.25(Fo)3.61 G(rkEachJ).25 E(ob)-.15 E F1 1.11(option is not set,)
3.61 F F3(sendmail)102 543.8 Q F1 .084(will k)2.584 F .084
(eep track of hosts that are do)-.1 F .085
(wn during a queue run, which can impro)-.25 F .385 -.15(ve p)-.15 H
(erformance).15 E(dramatically)102 555.8 Q(.)-.65 E(If the)127 572 Q F0
-.25(Fo)2.5 G(rkEachJ).25 E(ob)-.15 E F1(option is set,)2.5 E F3
(sendmail)2.5 E F1(can not use connection caching.)2.5 E F0 2.5
(4.3. Queue)87 596 R(Priorities)2.5 E F1(Ev)127 612.2 Q 1.128(ery message is assigned a priority when it is \214rst instantiated, consisting of the message)
-.15 F .286(size \(in bytes\) of)102 624.2 R .286(fset by the message class \(which is determined from the Precedence: header\) times)
-.25 F .343(the \231w)102 636.2 R .343(ork class f)-.1 F .343
(actor\232 and the number of recipients times the \231w)-.1 F .342
(ork recipient f)-.1 F(actor)-.1 E 4.242 -.7(.\232 T)-.55 H .342
(he priority).7 F .073(is used to order the queue.)102 648.2 R .073(Higher numbers for the priority mean that the message will be processed)
5.073 F(later when running the queue.)102 660.2 Q .32 LW 76 669.8 72
669.8 DL 80 669.8 76 669.8 DL 84 669.8 80 669.8 DL 88 669.8 84 669.8 DL
92 669.8 88 669.8 DL 96 669.8 92 669.8 DL 100 669.8 96 669.8 DL 104
669.8 100 669.8 DL 108 669.8 104 669.8 DL 112 669.8 108 669.8 DL 116
669.8 112 669.8 DL 120 669.8 116 669.8 DL 124 669.8 120 669.8 DL 128
669.8 124 669.8 DL 132 669.8 128 669.8 DL 136 669.8 132 669.8 DL 140
669.8 136 669.8 DL 144 669.8 140 669.8 DL 148 669.8 144 669.8 DL 152
669.8 148 669.8 DL 156 669.8 152 669.8 DL 160 669.8 156 669.8 DL 164
669.8 160 669.8 DL 168 669.8 164 669.8 DL 172 669.8 168 669.8 DL 176
669.8 172 669.8 DL 180 669.8 176 669.8 DL 184 669.8 180 669.8 DL 188
669.8 184 669.8 DL 192 669.8 188 669.8 DL 196 669.8 192 669.8 DL 200
669.8 196 669.8 DL 204 669.8 200 669.8 DL 208 669.8 204 669.8 DL 212
669.8 208 669.8 DL 216 669.8 212 669.8 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(13)93.6
680.2 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .213(This v)3.2 J .213
(eri\214cation includes looking up e)-.12 F -.12(ve)-.2 G .212
(ry address with the name serv).12 F .212(er; this in)-.12 F -.16(vo)
-.32 G(lv).16 E .212(es netw)-.12 F .212
(ork delays, and can in some cases)-.08 F(can be considerable.)72 693 Q
EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-25)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .329
(The message size is included so that lar)127 96 R .328
(ge messages are penalized relati)-.18 F .628 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 2.828(os)
.15 G .328(mall messages.)-2.828 F .285(The message class allo)102 108 R
.285(ws users to send \231high priority\232 messages by including a \231Precedence:\232 \214eld)
-.25 F .008(in their message; the v)102 120 R .008
(alue of this \214eld is look)-.25 F .007(ed up in the)-.1 F F0(P)2.507
E F1 .007(lines of the con\214guration \214le.)2.507 F .007(Since the)
5.007 F 1.966(number of recipients af)102 132 R 1.967(fects the amount of load a message presents to the system, this is also)
-.25 F(included into the priority)102 144 Q(.)-.65 E .53
(The recipient and class f)127 160.2 R .53
(actors can be set in the con\214guration \214le using the)-.1 F F0
(RecipientF)3.03 E(actor)-.25 E F1(\()102 172.2 Q F0(y)A F1 3.442(\)a)C
(nd)-3.442 E F0(ClassF)3.442 E(actor)-.25 E F1(\()3.442 E F0(z)A F1
3.442(\)o)C .942(ptions respecti)-3.442 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.942
(.T)-.65 G(he)-5.942 E 3.442(yd)-.15 G(ef)-3.442 E .942
(ault to 30000 \(for the recipient f)-.1 F .943(actor\) and)-.1 F
(1800 \(for the class f)102 184.2 Q 2.5(actor\). The)-.1 F
(initial priority is:)2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(pri)168.495 202.2 Q
/F3 10/Symbol SF(=)3.16 E F2(msgsize)3.18 E F3(-)2.38 E F1(\()2.2 E F2
(class).2 E F3<b4>2.47 E F0(ClassFactor\))2.2 E F3(+)2.2 E F1(\()2.2 E
F2(nrcpt).36 E F3<b4>2.88 E F0(RecipientFactor\))2.2 E F1(\(Remember)102
220.2 Q 3.328(,h)-.4 G .828(igher v)-3.328 F .828(alues for this parameter actually mean that the job will be treated with lo)
-.25 F(wer)-.25 E(priority)102 232.2 Q(.\))-.65 E 1.519(The priority of a job can also be adjusted each time it is processed \(that is, each time an)
127 248.4 R .236(attempt is made to deli)102 260.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
2.736(ri).15 G .236(t\) using the \231w)-2.736 F .236(ork time f)-.1 F
(actor)-.1 E 1.636 -.7(,\232 s)-.4 H .236(et by the).7 F F0(RetryF)2.736
E(actor)-.25 E F1(\()2.736 E F0(Z)A F1 2.735(\)o)C 2.735(ption. This)
-2.735 F .366(is added to the priority)102 272.4 R 2.866(,s)-.65 G 2.866
(oi)-2.866 G 2.867(tn)-2.866 G .367
(ormally decreases the precedence of the job, on the grounds that jobs)
-2.867 F .138(that ha)102 284.4 R .437 -.15(ve f)-.2 H .137(ailed man)
.05 F 2.637(yt)-.15 G .137(imes will tend to f)-2.637 F .137(ail ag)-.1
F .137(ain in the future.)-.05 F(The)5.137 E F0(RetryF)2.637 E(actor)
-.25 E F1 .137(option def)2.637 F .137(aults to)-.1 F(90000.)102 296.4 Q
F0 2.5(4.4. Load)87 320.4 R(Limiting)2.5 E F2(Sendmail)127 336.6 Q F1
.101(can be ask)2.601 F .101(ed to queue \(b)-.1 F .101(ut not deli)-.2
F -.15(ve)-.25 G .101(r\) mail if the system load a).15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G
.102(rage gets too high).15 F .484(using the)102 348.6 R F0(QueueLA)
2.984 E F1(\()2.984 E F0(x)A F1 2.984(\)o)C 2.984(ption. When)-2.984 F
.483(the load a)2.983 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .483(rage e).15 F .483
(xceeds the v)-.15 F .483(alue of the)-.25 F F0(QueueLA)2.983 E F1
(option,)2.983 E .531(the deli)102 360.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .531
(ry mode is set to).15 F F0(q)3.032 E F1 .532(\(queue only\) if the)
3.032 F F0(QueueF)3.032 E(actor)-.25 E F1(\()3.032 E F0(q)A F1 3.032
(\)o)C .532(ption di)-3.032 F .532(vided by the dif)-.25 F(ference)-.25
E .005(in the current load a)102 372.6 R -.15(ve)-.2 G .004
(rage and the).15 F F0(QueueLA)2.504 E F1 .004(option plus one e)2.504 F
.004(xceeds the priority of the message \212)-.15 F
(that is, the message is queued if)102 384.6 Q(f:)-.25 E F2(pri)251.425
408.01 Q F1(>)3.16 E F0(QueueFactor)15.315 -7 M F2(LA)-66.835 14 M F3(-)
2.23 E F0(QueueLA)2.2 E F3(+)2.2 E .4 LW 354.625 405.41 275.895 405.41
DL F1(1)349.625 415.01 Q(The)102 431.27 Q F0(QueueF)2.616 E(actor)-.25 E
F1 .116(option def)2.616 F .116
(aults to 600000, so each point of load a)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .116
(rage is w).15 F .116(orth 600000 priority)-.1 F
(points \(as described abo)102 443.27 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E -.15
(Fo)127 459.47 S 3.894(rd).15 G 1.394(rastic cases, the)-3.894 F F0
(RefuseLA)3.894 E F1(\()3.894 E F0(X)A F1 3.894(\)o)C 1.394
(ption de\214nes a load a)-3.894 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.393(rage at which).15
F F2(sendmail)3.893 E F1(will)3.893 E .689(refuse to accept netw)102
471.47 R .689(ork connections.)-.1 F .689
(Locally generated mail \(including incoming UUCP mail\) is)5.689 F
(still accepted.)102 483.47 Q F0 2.5(4.5. Deli)87 507.47 R -.1(ve)-.1 G
(ry Mode).1 E F1 .254(There are a number of deli)127 523.67 R -.15(ve)
-.25 G .253(ry modes that).15 F F2(sendmail)2.753 E F1 .253
(can operate in, set by the)2.753 F F0(Deli)2.753 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(ryMode)
.1 E F1(\()102 535.67 Q F0(d)A F1 3.598(\)c)C 1.098
(on\214guration option.)-3.598 F 1.098(These modes specify ho)6.098 F
3.598(wq)-.25 G 1.099(uickly mail will be deli)-3.598 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
3.599(red. Le).15 F -.05(ga)-.15 G 3.599(lm).05 G(odes)-3.599 E(are:)102
547.67 Q 17.22(id)142 563.87 S(eli)-17.22 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G
(nteracti)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly \(synchronously\)).15 E 15(bd)142
575.87 S(eli)-15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G 2.5(nb)-2.5 G
(ackground \(asynchronously\))-2.5 E 15(qq)142 587.87 S
(ueue only \(don')-15 E 2.5(td)-.18 G(eli)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(r\)).15
E 15(dd)142 599.87 S(efer delv)-15 E(ery attempts \(don')-.15 E 2.5(td)
-.18 G(eli)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(r\)).15 E 1.274(There are tradeof)102
616.07 R 3.774(fs. Mode)-.25 F 1.274(\231i\232 gi)3.774 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
3.773(st).15 G 1.273(he sender the quick)-3.773 F 1.273(est feedback, b)
-.1 F 1.273(ut may slo)-.2 F 3.773(wd)-.25 G -.25(ow)-3.773 G 3.773(ns)
.25 G(ome)-3.773 E .798(mailers and is hardly e)102 628.07 R -.15(ve)
-.25 G 3.298(rn).15 G(ecessary)-3.298 E 5.799(.M)-.65 G .799
(ode \231b\232 deli)-5.799 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .799(rs promptly b).15 F
.799(ut can cause lar)-.2 F .799(ge numbers of)-.18 F .224
(processes if you ha)102 640.07 R .524 -.15(ve a m)-.2 H .224
(ailer that tak).15 F .224(es a long time to deli)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
2.724(ram).15 G 2.724(essage. Mode)-2.724 F .223
(\231q\232 minimizes the)2.724 F .596(load on your machine, b)102 652.07
R .596(ut means that deli)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .597
(ry may be delayed for up to the queue interv).15 F 3.097(al. Mode)-.25
F .04(\231d\232 is identical to mode \231q\232 e)102 664.07 R .04
(xcept that it also pre)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .039
(nts all the early map lookups from w).15 F .039(orking; it is)-.1 F
.085(intended for `)102 676.07 R .085(`dial on demand')-.74 F 2.585('s)
-.74 G .085(ites where DNS lookups might cost real mone)-2.585 F 3.886
-.65(y. S)-.15 H .086(ome simple error).65 F .818
(messages \(e.g., host unkno)102 688.07 R .817
(wn during the SMTP protocol\) will be delayed using this mode.)-.25 F
(Mode)5.817 E(\231b\232 is the usual def)102 700.07 Q(ault.)-.1 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-26 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .052(If you run in mode \231q\232 \(queue only\), \231d\232 \(defer\), or \231b\232 \(deli)
127 96 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.552(ri).15 G 2.552(nb)-2.552 G(ackground\))
-2.552 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.552 E F1(will)2.552 E 1.392
(not e)102 108 R 1.392(xpand aliases and follo)-.15 F 3.892(w.)-.25 G
(forw)-3.892 E 1.392(ard \214les upon initial receipt of the mail.)-.1 F
1.391(This speeds up the)6.392 F(response to RCPT commands.)102 120 Q
(Mode \231i\232 cannot be used by the SMTP serv)5 E(er)-.15 E(.)-.55 E
F0 2.5(4.6. Log)87 144 R(Le)2.5 E -.1(ve)-.15 G(l).1 E F1 .189(The le)
127 160.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.689(lo).15 G 2.689(fl)-2.689 G .189
(ogging can be set for)-2.689 F F2(sendmail)2.689 E F1 5.189(.T)C .189
(he def)-5.189 F .19(ault using a standard con\214guration table)-.1 F
(is le)102 172.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l9).15 G 5(.T)-2.5 G(he le)-5 E
-.15(ve)-.25 G(ls are as follo).15 E(ws:)-.25 E 31(0N)102 188.4 S 2.5
(ol)-31 G(ogging.)-2.5 E 31(1S)102 204.6 S(erious system f)-31 E
(ailures and potential security problems.)-.1 E 31(2L)102 220.8 S
(ost communications \(netw)-31 E(ork problems\) and protocol f)-.1 E
(ailures.)-.1 E 31(3O)102 237 S(ther serious f)-31 E(ailures.)-.1 E 31
(4M)102 253.2 S(inor f)-31 E(ailures.)-.1 E 31(5M)102 269.4 S
(essage collection statistics.)-31 E 31(6C)102 285.6 S
(reation of error messages, VRFY and EXPN commands.)-31 E 31(7D)102
301.8 S(eli)-31 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry f).15 E
(ailures \(host or user unkno)-.1 E(wn, etc.\).)-.25 E 31(8S)102 318 S
(uccessful deli)-31 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ries and alias database reb).15 E
(uilds.)-.2 E 31(9M)102 334.2 S
(essages being deferred \(due to a host being do)-31 E(wn, etc.\).)-.25
E 23.5(10 Database)102 350.4 R -.15(ex)2.5 G(pansion \(alias, forw).15 E
(ard, and userdb lookups\).)-.1 E 23.5(12 Log)102 366.6 R
(all incoming and outgoing SMTP commands.)2.5 E 23.5(20 Logs)102 382.8 R
.603(attempts to run lock)3.103 F .603(ed queue \214les.)-.1 F .603
(These are not errors, b)5.603 F .603(ut can be useful to note if)-.2 F
(your queue appears to be clogged.)138 394.8 Q 23.5(30 Lost)102 411 R
(locks \(only if using lockf instead of \215ock\).)2.5 E(Additionally)
102 427.2 Q 2.716(,v)-.65 G .216(alues abo)-2.966 F .516 -.15(ve 6)-.15
H 2.716(4a).15 G .216(re reserv)-2.716 F .216(ed for e)-.15 F .216
(xtremely v)-.15 F .216(erbose deb)-.15 F .216(ugging output.)-.2 F .217
(No normal site)5.216 F -.1(wo)102 439.2 S(uld e).1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5
(rs).15 G(et these.)-2.5 E F0 2.5(4.7. File)87 463.2 R(Modes)2.5 E F1
.264(The modes used for \214les depend on what functionality you w)127
479.4 R .264(ant and the le)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.763(lo).15 G 2.763
(fs)-2.763 G .263(ecurity you)-2.763 F(require.)102 491.4 Q F0 2.5
(4.7.1. T)102 515.4 R 2.5(os)-.92 G(uid or not to suid?)-2.5 E F2
(Sendmail)142 531.6 Q F1 .933(can safely be made setuid to root.)3.433 F
.934(At the point where it is about to)5.934 F F2 -.2(ex)3.434 G(ec).2 E
F1 .934(\(2\) a)1.666 F(mailer)117 543.6 Q 2.583(,i)-.4 G 2.583(tc)
-2.583 G .082(hecks to see if the userid is zero; if so, it resets the userid and groupid to a def)
-2.583 F .082(ault \(set)-.1 F .576(by the)117 555.6 R F0(u)3.076 E F1
(and)3.076 E F0(g)3.076 E F1 3.076(options\). \(This)3.076 F .576
(can be o)3.076 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .576(rridden by setting the).15 F F0(S)
3.076 E F1 .577(\215ag to the mailer for mailers)3.077 F 1.532
(that are trusted and must be called as root.\))117 567.6 R(Ho)6.531 E
(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.331 -.4(r, t).15 H 1.531
(his will cause mail processing to be).4 F(accounted \(using)117 579.6 Q
F2(sa)2.5 E F1
(\(8\)\) to root rather than to the user sending the mail.)1.666 E .338
(If you don')142 595.8 R 2.839(tm)-.18 G(ak)-2.839 E(e)-.1 E F2
(sendmail)2.839 E F1 .339(setuid to root, it will still run b)2.839 F
.339(ut you lose a lot of functional-)-.2 F .008(ity and a lot of pri)
117 607.8 R -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G 2.508(,s)-.5 G .008(ince you')
-2.508 F .008(ll ha)-.1 F .308 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.508(om).15 G(ak)-2.508
E 2.508(et)-.1 G .007(he queue directory w)-2.508 F .007(orld readable.)
-.1 F -1.1(Yo)5.007 G 2.507(uc)1.1 G(ould)-2.507 E .5(also mak)117 619.8
R(e)-.1 E F2(sendmail)3 E F1 .501(setuid to some pseudo-user \(e.g., create a user called \231sendmail\232 and mak)
3 F(e)-.1 E F2(sendmail)117 631.8 Q F1 1.534
(setuid to that\) which will \214x the pri)4.034 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.833
-.15(cy p).25 H 1.533(roblems b).15 F 1.533
(ut not the functionality issues.)-.2 F .641(Also, this isn')117 643.8 R
3.141(tag)-.18 G .641(uarantee of security: for e)-3.141 F .642
(xample, root occasionally sends mail, and the dae-)-.15 F
(mon often runs as root.)117 655.8 Q F0 2.5(4.7.2. Should)102 679.8 R
(my alias database be writable?)2.5 E F1 .058(At Berk)142 696 R(ele)-.1
E 2.558(yw)-.15 G 2.558(eh)-2.558 G -2.25 -.2(av e)-2.558 H .058
(the alias database \(/etc/aliases*\) mode 644.)2.758 F .058
(While this is not as \215e)5.058 F(x-)-.15 E 1.718
(ible as if the database were more 666, it a)117 708 R -.2(vo)-.2 G
1.719(ids potential security problems with a globally).2 F
(writable database.)117 720 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-27)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.191(The database that)142
96 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.691 E F1 1.191
(actually used is represented by the tw)3.691 F 3.69<6f8c>-.1 G(les)
-3.69 E F2(aliases.dir)3.69 E F1(and)3.69 E F2(aliases.pa)117 108 Q(g)
-.1 E F1 .158(\(both in /etc\) \(or)2.658 F F2(aliases.db)2.658 E F1
.159(if you are running with the ne)2.659 F 2.659(wB)-.25 G(erk)-2.659 E
(ele)-.1 E 2.659(yd)-.15 G .159(atabase prim-)-2.659 F(iti)117 120 Q
-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.607(s\). The).15 F 1.107
(mode on these \214les should match the mode on /etc/aliases.)3.607 F
(If)6.106 E F2(aliases)3.606 E F1 1.106(is writable)3.606 F 1.624
(and the DBM \214les \()117 132 R F2(aliases.dir)A F1(and)4.124 E F2
(aliases.pa)4.124 E(g)-.1 E F1 4.124(\)a)C 1.624
(re not, users will be unable to re\215ect their)-4.124 F .72
(desired changes through to the actual database.)117 144 R(Ho)5.719 E
(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.519 -.4(r, i).15 H(f).4 E F2(aliases)3.219 E
F1 .719(is read-only and the DBM)3.219 F(\214les are writable, a slightly sophisticated user can arrange to steal mail an)
117 156 Q(yw)-.15 E(ay)-.1 E(.)-.65 E .62
(If your DBM \214les are not writable by the w)142 172.2 R .621
(orld or you do not ha)-.1 F .921 -.15(ve a)-.2 H(uto-reb).15 E .621
(uild enabled)-.2 F 3.029(\(with the)117 184.2 R F0 -.5(Au)5.529 G
(toReb).5 E(uildAliases)-.2 E F1 3.028
(option\), then you must be careful to reconstruct the alias)5.529 F
(database each time you change the te)117 196.2 Q(xt v)-.15 E(ersion:)
-.15 E(ne)157 212.4 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E
(If this step is ignored or for)117 228.6 Q(gotten an)-.18 E 2.5(yi)-.15
G(ntended changes will also be ignored or for)-2.5 E(gotten.)-.18 E F0
2.5(4.8. Connection)87 252.6 R(Caching)2.5 E F1 .642
(When processing the queue,)127 268.8 R F2(sendmail)3.142 E F1 .642
(will try to k)3.142 F .642(eep the last fe)-.1 F 3.142(wo)-.25 G .642
(pen connections open to)-3.142 F -.2(avo)102 280.8 S
(id startup and shutdo).2 E(wn costs.)-.25 E
(This only applies to IPC connections.)5 E .286
(When trying to open a connection the cache is \214rst searched.)127 297
R .286(If an open connection is found,)5.286 F 1.033
(it is probed to see if it is still acti)102 309 R 1.333 -.15(ve b)-.25
H 3.533(ys).15 G 1.033(ending a)-3.533 F/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(RSET)
3.533 E F1 3.534(command. It)3.534 F 1.034(is not an error if this f)
3.534 F(ails;)-.1 E(instead, the connection is closed and reopened.)102
321 Q -1 -.8(Tw o)127 337.2 T .408
(parameters control the connection cache.)3.708 F(The)5.408 E F0
(ConnectionCacheSize)2.908 E F1(\()2.908 E F0(k)A F1 2.908(\)o)C .408
(ption de\214nes)-2.908 F .145
(the number of simultaneous open connections that will be permitted.)102
349.2 R .145(If it is set to zero, connections)5.145 F .213
(will be closed as quickly as possible.)102 361.2 R .212(The def)5.212 F
.212(ault is one.)-.1 F .212(This should be set as appropriate for your)
5.212 F .629
(system size; it will limit the amount of system resources that)102
373.2 R F2(sendmail)3.13 E F1 .63(will use during queue runs.)3.13 F(Ne)
102 385.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rs).15 G(et this higher than 4.)-2.5 E
(The)127 401.4 Q F0(ConnectionCacheT)2.741 E(imeout)-.18 E F1(\()2.741 E
F0(K)A F1 2.741(\)o)C .241(ption speci\214es the maximum time that an)
-2.741 F 2.741(yc)-.15 G .24(ached con-)-2.741 F .899
(nection will be permitted to idle.)102 413.4 R .899
(When the idle time e)5.899 F .9(xceeds this v)-.15 F .9
(alue the connection is closed.)-.25 F .34
(This number should be small \(under ten minutes\) to pre)102 425.4 R
-.15(ve)-.25 G .34(nt you from grabbing too man).15 F 2.84(yr)-.15 G
(esources)-2.84 E(from other hosts.)102 437.4 Q(The def)5 E
(ault is \214v)-.1 E 2.5(em)-.15 G(inutes.)-2.5 E F0 2.5(4.9. Name)87
461.4 R(Ser)2.5 E -.1(ve)-.1 G 2.5(rA).1 G(ccess)-2.5 E F1 .103
(Control of host address lookups is set by the)127 477.6 R F0(hosts)
2.604 E F1 .104(service entry in your service switch \214le.)2.604 F(If)
5.104 E .99(you are on a system that has b)102 489.6 R .99
(uilt-in service switch support \(e.g., Ultrix, Solaris, or DEC OSF/1\))
-.2 F .335(then your system is probably con\214gured properly already)
102 501.6 R 5.335(.O)-.65 G(therwise,)-5.335 E F2(sendmail)2.836 E F1
.336(will consult the \214le)2.836 F F0(/etc/ser)102 513.6 Q
(vice.switch)-.1 E F1 2.5(,w)C(hich should be created.)-2.5 E F2
(Sendmail)5 E F1(only uses tw)2.5 E 2.5(oe)-.1 G(ntries:)-2.5 E F0
(hosts)2.5 E F1(and)2.5 E F0(aliases)2.5 E F1(.)A(Ho)127 529.8 Q(we)-.25
E -.15(ve)-.25 G .908 -.4(r, s).15 H .108
(ome systems \(such as SunOS\) will do DNS lookups re).4 F -.05(ga)-.15
G .108(rdless of the setting of the).05 F 1.557(service switch entry)102
541.8 R 6.558(.I)-.65 G 4.058(np)-6.558 G(articular)-4.058 E 4.058(,t)
-.4 G 1.558(he system routine)-4.058 F F2 -.1(ge)4.058 G(thostbyname).1
E F1 1.558(\(3\) is used to look up host)B .462(names, and man)102 553.8
R 2.962(yv)-.15 G .462(endor v)-3.112 F .461(ersions try some combination of DNS, NIS, and \214le lookup in /etc/hosts)
-.15 F .536(without consulting a service switch.)102 565.8 R F2
(Sendmail)5.536 E F1(mak)3.036 E .536(es no attempt to w)-.1 F .537
(ork around this problem, and)-.1 F .271(the DNS lookup will be done an)
102 577.8 R(yw)-.15 E(ay)-.1 E 5.271(.I)-.65 G 2.771(fy)-5.271 G .271
(ou do not ha)-2.771 F .57 -.15(ve a n)-.2 H(ameserv).15 E .27
(er con\214gured at all, such as at)-.15 F 2.854(aU)102 589.8 S .354
(UCP-only site,)-2.854 F F2(sendmail)2.854 E F1 .354(will get a \231connection refused\232 message when it tries to connect to the)
2.854 F .623(name serv)102 601.8 R(er)-.15 E 5.623(.I)-.55 G 3.123(ft)
-5.623 G(he)-3.123 E F0(hosts)3.123 E F1 .622
(switch entry has the service \231dns\232 listed some)3.123 F .622
(where in the list,)-.25 F F2(sendmail)3.122 E F1 .912
(will interpret this to mean a temporary f)102 613.8 R .912
(ailure and will queue the mail for later processing; other)-.1 F(-)-.2
E(wise, it ignores the name serv)102 625.8 Q(er data.)-.15 E .673
(The same technique is used to decide whether to do MX lookups.)127 642
R .672(If you w)5.672 F .672(ant MX support,)-.1 F(you)102 654 Q F2
(must)2.5 E F1(ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve \231)-.2 H
(dns\232 listed as a service in the).15 E F0(hosts)2.5 E F1
(switch entry)2.5 E(.)-.65 E(The)127 670.2 Q F0(Resolv)3.869 E
(erOptions)-.1 E F1(\()3.869 E F0(I)A F1 3.869(\)o)C 1.369(ption allo)
-3.869 F 1.369(ws you to tweak name serv)-.25 F 1.369(er options.)-.15 F
1.37(The command)6.37 F .892(line tak)102 682.2 R .892
(es a series of \215ags as documented in)-.1 F F2 -.37(re)3.392 G
(solver).37 E F1 .892(\(3\) \(with the leading \231RES_\232 deleted\).)B
(Each)5.892 E(can be preceded by an optional `+' or `)102 694.2 Q/F4 10
/Symbol SF(-)A F1 2.5('. F)B(or e)-.15 E(xample, the line)-.15 E 2.5(OR)
142 710.4 S(esolv)-2.5 E(erOptions=+AA)-.15 E(ONL)-.55 E(Y)-1 E F4(-)2.5
E F1(DNSRCH)A EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-28 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .861
(turns on the AA)102 96 R(ONL)-.55 E 3.361(Y\()-1 G .861
(accept authoritati)-3.361 F 1.161 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .861
(nswers only\) and turns of).15 F 3.362(ft)-.25 G .862
(he DNSRCH \(search the)-3.362 F 2.039(domain path\) options.)102 108 R
2.039(Most resolv)7.039 F 2.039(er libraries def)-.15 F 2.039
(ault DNSRCH, DEFN)-.1 F 2.039(AMES, and RECURSE)-.35 F .503
(\215ags on and all others of)102 120 R 3.003(f. Y)-.25 F .503
(ou can also include \231HasW)-1.1 F .503
(ildcardMX\232 to specify that there is a wild-)-.4 F 1.973
(card MX record matching your domain; this turns of)102 132 R 4.472(fM)
-.25 G 4.472(Xm)-4.472 G 1.972(atching when canonifying names,)-4.472 F
(which can lead to inappropriate canoni\214cations.)102 144 Q -1.11(Ve)
127 160.2 S 2.256(rsion le)1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.756(l1c).15 G 2.256
(on\214gurations turn DNSRCH and DEFN)-4.756 F 2.257(AMES of)-.35 F
4.757(fw)-.25 G 2.257(hen doing deli)-4.757 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E
2.06(lookups, b)102 172.2 R 2.06(ut lea)-.2 F 2.36 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.06
(hem on e).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.06(rywhere else.).15 F -1.11(Ve)7.06 G
2.06(rsion 8 of)1.11 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)4.56 E F1 2.06
(ignores them when doing)4.56 F .313
(canoni\214cation lookups \(that is, when using $[ ... $]\), and al)102
184.2 R -.1(wa)-.1 G .313(ys does the search.).1 F .313(If you don')
5.313 F 2.813(tw)-.18 G(ant)-2.913 E(to do automatic name e)102 196.2 Q
(xtension, don')-.15 E 2.5(tc)-.18 G(all $[ ... $].)-2.5 E .486
(The search rules for $[ ... $] are some)127 212.4 R .485(what dif)-.25
F .485(ferent than usual.)-.25 F .485(If the name being look)5.485 F
.485(ed up)-.1 F .109(has at least one dot, it al)102 224.4 R -.1(wa)-.1
G .109(ys tries the unmodi\214ed name \214rst.).1 F .11(If that f)5.11 F
.11(ails, it tries the reduced search)-.1 F .124
(path, and lastly tries the unmodi\214ed name \(b)102 236.4 R .124
(ut only for names without a dot, since names with a dot)-.2 F(ha)102
248.4 Q .788 -.15(ve a)-.2 H .488(lready been tried\).).15 F .488
(This allo)5.488 F .489(ws names such as `)-.25 F(`utc.CS')-.74 E 2.989
('t)-.74 G 2.989(om)-2.989 G .489(atch the site in Czechoslo)-2.989 F
-.25(va)-.15 G(kia).25 E 1.588
(rather than the site in your local Computer Science department.)102
260.4 R 1.587(It also prefers A and CN)6.587 F(AME)-.35 E .512
(records o)102 272.4 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.012(rM).15 G 3.012(Xr)-3.012 G
.512(ecords \212 that is, if it \214nds an MX record it mak)-3.012 F
.513(es note of it, b)-.1 F .513(ut k)-.2 F .513(eeps looking.)-.1 F
1.542(This w)102 284.4 R(ay)-.1 E 4.042(,i)-.65 G 4.042(fy)-4.042 G
1.541(ou ha)-4.042 F 1.841 -.15(ve a w)-.2 H 1.541
(ildcard MX record matching your domain, it will not assume that all).15
F(names match.)102 296.4 Q 3.453 -.8(To c)127 312.6 T 1.853
(ompletely turn of).8 F 4.353(fa)-.25 G 1.853(ll name serv)-4.353 F
1.853(er access on systems without service switch support)-.15 F .579
(\(such as SunOS\) you will ha)102 324.6 R .879 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 3.078
(or).15 G .578(ecompile with \255DN)-3.078 F .578(AMED_BIND=0 and remo)
-.35 F .878 -.15(ve \255)-.15 H .578(lresolv from).15 F
(the list of libraries to be searched when linking.)102 336.6 Q F0 2.5
(4.10. Mo)87 360.6 R(ving the P)-.1 E(er)-.2 E(-User F)-.37 E
(orward Files)-.25 E F1 .772(Some sites mount each user')127 376.8 R
3.272(sh)-.55 G .772(ome directory from a local disk on their w)-3.272 F
.772(orkstation, so that)-.1 F .576(local access is f)102 388.8 R 3.076
(ast. Ho)-.1 F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.376 -.4(r, t).15 H .575
(he result is that .forw).4 F .575(ard \214le lookups are slo)-.1 F
4.375 -.65(w. I)-.25 H 3.075(ns).65 G .575(ome cases, mail)-3.075 F .216
(can e)102 400.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.716(nb).15 G 2.716(ed)-2.716 G(eli)
-2.716 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .216
(red on machines inappropriately because of a \214le serv).15 F .216
(er being do)-.15 F 2.716(wn. The)-.25 F(perfor)2.716 E(-)-.2 E
(mance can be especially bad if you run the automounter)102 412.8 Q(.)
-.55 E(The)127 429 Q F0 -.25(Fo)2.744 G(rwardP).25 E(ath)-.1 E F1(\()
2.744 E F0(J)A F1 2.743(\)o)C .243(ption allo)-2.743 F .243
(ws you to set a path of forw)-.25 F .243(ard \214les.)-.1 F -.15(Fo)
5.243 G 2.743(re).15 G .243(xample, the con-)-2.893 F(\214g \214le line)
102 441 Q 2.5(OF)142 457.2 S(orw)-2.65 E(ardP)-.1 E(ath=/v)-.15 E
(ar/forw)-.25 E(ard/$u:$z/.forw)-.1 E(ard.$w)-.1 E -.1(wo)102 473.4 S
.207(uld \214rst look for a \214le with the same name as the user').1 F
2.708(sl)-.55 G .208(ogin in /v)-2.708 F(ar/forw)-.25 E .208
(ard; if that is not found)-.1 F 1.171
(\(or is inaccessible\) the \214le `)102 485.4 R(`.forw)-.74 E(ard.)-.1
E F2(mac)A(hinename)-.15 E F1 2.651 -.74('' i)D 3.671(nt).74 G 1.171
(he user')-3.671 F 3.671(sh)-.55 G 1.17(ome directory is searched.)
-3.671 F(A)6.17 E(truly perv)102 497.4 Q
(erse site could also search by sender by using $r)-.15 E 2.5(,$)-.4 G
(s, or $f.)-2.5 E .69(If you create a directory such as /v)127 513.6 R
(ar/forw)-.25 E .69(ard, it should be mode 1777 \(that is, the stick)-.1
F 3.19(yb)-.15 G(it)-3.19 E(should be set\).)102 525.6 Q
(Users should create the \214les mode 644.)5 E F0 2.5(4.11. Fr)87 549.6
R(ee Space)-.18 E F1 1.406(On systems that ha)127 565.8 R 1.706 -.15
(ve o)-.2 H 1.405(ne of the system calls in the).15 F F2(statfs)3.905 E
F1 1.405(\(2\) f)B 1.405(amily \(including)-.1 F F2(statvfs)3.905 E F1
(and)3.905 E F2(ustat)102 577.8 Q F1 .839(\), you can specify a minimum number of free blocks on the queue \214lesystem using the)
B F0(Min-)3.34 E(Fr)102 589.8 Q(eeBlocks)-.18 E F1(\()2.554 E F0(b)A F1
2.554(\)o)C 2.553(ption. If)-2.554 F .053(there are fe)2.553 F .053
(wer than the indicated number of blocks free on the \214lesystem)-.25 F
1.354(on which the queue is mounted the SMTP serv)102 601.8 R 1.355
(er will reject mail with the 452 error code.)-.15 F(This)6.355 E(in)102
613.8 Q(vites the SMTP client to try ag)-.4 E(ain later)-.05 E(.)-.55 E
(Be)127 630 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G .746(re of setting this option too high; it can cause rejection of email when that mail w)
.1 F(ould)-.1 E(be processed without dif)102 642 Q(\214culty)-.25 E(.)
-.65 E F0 2.5(4.12. Maximum)87 666 R(Message Size)2.5 E F1 2.077 -.8
(To a)127 682.2 T -.2(vo).6 G .477(id o).2 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(r\215o).15 E
.478(wing your system with a lar)-.25 F .478(ge message, the)-.18 F F0
(MaxMessageSize)2.978 E F1 .478(option can be)2.978 F .693
(set to set an absolute limit on the size of an)102 694.2 R 3.193(yo)
-.15 G .693(ne message.)-3.193 F .692(This will be adv)5.692 F .692
(ertised in the ESMTP)-.15 F(dialogue and check)102 706.2 Q
(ed during message collection.)-.1 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-29)195.86 E 2.5(4.13. Pri)87 96 R -.1(va)-.1 G(cy Flags).1 E/F1
10/Times-Roman@0 SF(The)127 112.2 Q F0(Pri)2.96 E -.1(va)-.1 G
(cyOptions).1 E F1(\()2.96 E F0(p)A F1 2.96(\)o)C .46(ption allo)-2.96 F
.46(ws you to set certain `)-.25 F(`pri)-.74 E -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy)
.25 G 1.94 -.74('' \215).15 H 2.96(ags. Actually).74 F 2.96(,m)-.65 G
(an)-2.96 E 2.96(yo)-.15 G(f)-2.96 E .534(them don')102 124.2 R 3.034
(tg)-.18 G -2.15 -.25(iv e)-3.034 H .534(you an)3.284 F 3.034(ye)-.15 G
.534(xtra pri)-3.184 F -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G 3.034(,r)-.5 G .534
(ather just insisting that client SMTP serv)-3.034 F .533
(ers use the HELO)-.15 F 2.87
(command before using certain commands or adding e)102 136.2 R 2.87
(xtra headers to indicate possible spoof)-.15 F(attempts.)102 148.2 Q
.124(The option tak)127 164.4 R .124
(es a series of \215ag names; the \214nal pri)-.1 F -.25(va)-.25 G .424
-.15(cy i).25 H 2.624(st).15 G .124(he inclusi)-2.624 F .424 -.15(ve o)
-.25 H 2.624(ro).15 G 2.624(ft)-2.624 G .123(hose \215ags.)-2.624 F -.15
(Fo)5.123 G(r).15 E -.15(ex)102 176.4 S(ample:).15 E 2.5(OP)142 192.6 S
(ri)-2.5 E -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G(Options=needmailhelo, noe).15 E
(xpn)-.15 E .928(insists that the HELO or EHLO command be used before a MAIL command is accepted and dis-)
102 208.8 R(ables the EXPN command.)102 220.8 Q
(The \215ags are detailed in section 5.6.)127 237 Q F0 2.5(4.14. Send)87
261 R(to Me T)2.5 E(oo)-.92 E F1(Normally)127 277.2 Q(,)-.65 E/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.424 E F1 .924(deletes the \(en)3.424 F
-.15(ve)-.4 G .923(lope\) sender from an).15 F 3.423(yl)-.15 G .923
(ist e)-3.423 F 3.423(xpansions. F)-.15 F .923(or e)-.15 F .923
(xample, if)-.15 F .761(\231matt\232 sends to a list that contains \231matt\232 as one of the members he w)
102 289.2 R(on')-.1 E 3.261(tg)-.18 G .761(et a cop)-3.261 F 3.261(yo)
-.1 G 3.261(ft)-3.261 G .761(he mes-)-3.261 F 2.883(sage. If)102 301.2 R
(the)2.883 E F0<ad6d>2.883 E F1 .383
(\(me too\) command line \215ag, or if the)2.883 F F0(MeT)2.883 E(oo)
-.92 E F1(\()2.882 E F0(m)A F1 2.882(\)o)C .382
(ption is set in the con\214guration)-2.882 F(\214le, this beha)102
313.2 Q(viour is suppressed.)-.2 E(Some sites lik)5 E 2.5(et)-.1 G 2.5
(or)-2.5 G(un the)-2.5 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(SMTP)2.5 E F1
(daemon with)2.5 E F0<ad6d>2.5 E F1(.)A F0 2.5(5. THE)72 337.2 R
(WHOLE SCOOP ON THE CONFIGURA)2.5 E(TION FILE)-.95 E F1
(This section describes the con\214guration \214le in detail.)112 353.4
Q .648(There is one point that should be made clear immediately: the syntax of the con\214guration \214le is)
112 369.6 R 1.077
(designed to be reasonably easy to parse, since this is done e)87 381.6
R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.076(ry time).15 F F2(sendmail)3.576 E F1 1.076
(starts up, rather than)3.576 F(easy for a human to read or write.)87
393.6 Q(On the \231future project\232 list is a con\214guration-\214le compiler)
5 E(.)-.55 E .243(The con\214guration \214le is or)112 409.8 R -.05(ga)
-.18 G .243(nized as a series of lines, each of which be).05 F .243
(gins with a single charac-)-.15 F .102
(ter de\214ning the semantics for the rest of the line.)87 421.8 R .102
(Lines be)5.102 F .102(ginning with a space or a tab are continuation)
-.15 F 1.322
(lines \(although the semantics are not well de\214ned in man)87 433.8 R
3.823(yp)-.15 G 3.823(laces\). Blank)-3.823 F 1.323(lines and lines be)
3.823 F(ginning)-.15 E(with a sharp symbol \(`#'\) are comments.)87
445.8 Q F0 2.5(5.1. R)87 469.8 R(and S \212 Rewriting Rules)2.5 E F1
.466(The core of address parsing are the re)127 486 R .466
(writing rules.)-.25 F .465(These are an ordered production system.)
5.466 F F2(Sendmail)102 498 Q F1 .19(scans through the set of re)2.69 F
.19(writing rules looking for a match on the left hand side \(LHS\) of)
-.25 F(the rule.)102 510 Q(When a rule matches, the address is replaced by the right hand side \(RHS\) of the rule.)
5 E .922(There are se)127 526.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .922(ral sets of re).15
F .921(writing rules.)-.25 F .921(Some of the re)5.921 F .921
(writing sets are used internally and)-.25 F .359(must ha)102 538.2 R
.659 -.15(ve s)-.2 H .359(peci\214c semantics.).15 F .359(Other re)5.359
F .359(writing sets do not ha)-.25 F .659 -.15(ve s)-.2 H .36
(peci\214cally assigned semantics, and).15 F
(may be referenced by the mailer de\214nitions or by other re)102 550.2
Q(writing sets.)-.25 E(The syntax of these tw)127 566.4 Q 2.5(oc)-.1 G
(ommands are:)-2.5 E F0(S)142 582.6 Q F2(n)A F1 .249
(Sets the current ruleset being collected to)102 598.8 R F2(n)2.749 E F1
5.249(.I)C 2.748(fy)-5.249 G .248(ou be)-2.748 F .248
(gin a ruleset more than once it appends to the)-.15 F
(old de\214nition.)102 610.8 Q F0(R)142 627 Q F2(lhs rhs comments)A F1
1.185(The \214elds must be separated by at least one tab character; there may be embedded spaces in the)
102 643.2 R 2.595(\214elds. The)102 655.2 R F2(lhs)2.595 E F1 .095
(is a pattern that is applied to the input.)2.595 F .095
(If it matches, the input is re)5.095 F .094(written to the)-.25 F F2
(rhs)2.594 E F1(.)A(The)102 667.2 Q F2(comments)2.5 E F1(are ignored.)
2.5 E .755(Macro e)127 683.4 R .755(xpansions of the form)-.15 F F0($)
3.255 E F2(x)A F1 .755
(are performed when the con\214guration \214le is read.)3.255 F(Expan-)
5.755 E .284(sions of the form)102 695.4 R F0($&)2.784 E F2(x)A F1 .284
(are performed at run time using a some)2.784 F .283
(what less general algorithm.)-.25 F .283(This for)5.283 F
(is intended only for referencing internally de\214ned macros such as)
102 707.4 Q F0($h)2.5 E F1(that are changed at runtime.)2.5 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-30 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(5.1.1. The)102 96 R
(left hand side)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 2.77
(The left hand side of re)142 112.2 R 2.771
(writing rules contains a pattern.)-.25 F 2.771(Normal w)7.771 F 2.771
(ords are simply)-.1 F(matched directly)117 124.2 Q 5(.M)-.65 G
(etasyntax is introduced using a dollar sign.)-5 E(The metasymbols are:)
5 E F0($*)157 140.4 Q F1(Match zero or more tok)10.14 E(ens)-.1 E F0($+)
157 152.4 Q F1(Match one or more tok)9.44 E(ens)-.1 E F0<24ad>157 164.4
Q F1(Match e)9.44 E(xactly one tok)-.15 E(en)-.1 E F0($=)157 176.4 Q/F2
10/Times-Italic@0 SF(x)A F1(Match an)5 E 2.5(yp)-.15 G(hrase in class)
-2.5 E F2(x)2.5 E F0($~)157 188.4 Q F2(x)A F1(Match an)7.37 E 2.5(yw)
-.15 G(ord not in class)-2.6 E F2(x)2.5 E F1 .132(If an)117 204.6 R
2.632(yo)-.15 G 2.632(ft)-2.632 G .132(hese match, the)-2.632 F 2.632
(ya)-.15 G .132(re assigned to the symbol)-2.632 F F0($)2.632 E F2(n)A
F1 .131(for replacement on the right hand side,)2.632 F(where)117 216.6
Q F2(n)2.5 E F1(is the inde)2.5 E 2.5(xi)-.15 G 2.5(nt)-2.5 G(he LHS.)
-2.5 E -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample, if the LHS:)-2.65 E($\255:$+)157
232.8 Q(is applied to the input:)117 249 Q(UCB)157 265.2 Q(ARP)-.35 E
(A:eric)-.92 E(the rule will match, and the v)117 281.4 Q
(alues passed to the RHS will be:)-.25 E 7.5($1 UCB)157 297.6 R(ARP)-.35
E(A)-.92 E 7.5($2 eric)157 309.6 R(Additionally)142 330 Q 2.704(,t)-.65
G .204(he LHS can include)-2.704 F F0($@)2.704 E F1 .204
(to match zero tok)2.704 F 2.704(ens. This)-.1 F(is)2.704 E F2(not)2.704
E F1 .204(bound to a)2.704 F F0($)2.705 E F2(n)A F1(on)2.705 E(the RHS, and is normally only used when it stands alone in order to match the null input.)
117 342 Q F0 2.5(5.1.2. The)102 366 R(right hand side)2.5 E F1 .649
(When the left hand side of a re)142 382.2 R .649
(writing rule matches, the input is deleted and replaced by)-.25 F 1.036
(the right hand side.)117 394.2 R -.8(To)6.036 G -.1(ke).8 G 1.036
(ns are copied directly from the RHS unless the).1 F 3.537(yb)-.15 G
-.15(eg)-3.537 G 1.037(in with a dollar).15 F 2.5(sign. Metasymbols)117
406.2 R(are:)2.5 E F0($)157 422.4 Q F2(n)A F1
(Substitute inde\214nite tok)40.55 E(en)-.1 E F2(n)2.5 E F1(from LHS)2.5
E F0($[)157 434.4 Q F2(name)A F0($])A F1(Canonicalize)12.23 E F2(name)
2.5 E F0($\()157 446.4 Q F2(map k)A -.3(ey)-.1 G F0($@)2.8 E F2(ar)A
(guments)-.37 E F0($:)2.5 E F2(default)A F0($\))2.5 E F1(Generalized k)
207.55 458.4 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G(ed mapping function).15 E F0($>)157 470.4 Q
F2(n)A F1(\231Call\232 ruleset)34.85 E F2(n)2.5 E F0($#)157 482.4 Q F2
(mailer)A F1(Resolv)14.44 E 2.5(et)-.15 G(o)-2.5 E F2(mailer)2.5 E F0
($@)157 494.4 Q F2(host)A F1(Specify)19.58 E F2(host)2.5 E F0($:)157
506.4 Q F2(user)A F1(Specify)25 E F2(user)2.5 E F1(The)142 526.8 Q F0($)
3.137 E F2(n)A F1 .637(syntax substitutes the corresponding v)3.137 F
.637(alue from a)-.25 F F0($+)3.137 E F1(,)A F0<24ad>3.137 E F1(,)A F0
($*)3.137 E F1(,)A F0($=)3.137 E F1 3.137(,o)C(r)-3.137 E F0($~)3.137 E
F1 .636(match on)3.136 F(the LHS.)117 538.8 Q(It may be used an)5 E
(ywhere.)-.15 E 2.705(Ah)142 555 S .205(ost name enclosed between)-2.705
F F0($[)2.705 E F1(and)2.705 E F0($])2.706 E F1 .206(is look)2.706 F
.206(ed up in the host database\(s\) and replaced)-.1 F 1.683
(by the canonical name)117 569 R/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(14)-4 I F1 6.683
(.F)4 K 1.683(or e)-6.833 F 1.683
(xample, \231$[ftp$]\232 might become \231ftp.CS.Berk)-.15 F(ele)-.1 E
-.65(y.)-.15 G 1.683(EDU\232 and).65 F 2.706
(\231$[[128.32.130.2]$]\232 w)117 581 R 2.706(ould become \231v)-.1 F
(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU.).65 E<9a>-.7 E F2
(Sendmail)7.707 E F1 2.707(recognizes it')5.207 F(s)-.55 E
(numeric IP address without calling the name serv)117 593 Q
(er and replaces it with it')-.15 E 2.5(sc)-.55 G(anonical name.)-2.5 E
(The)142 609.2 Q F0($\()3.004 E F1(...)3.004 E F0($\))5.504 E F1 .503(syntax is a more general form of lookup; it uses a named map instead of an)
3.003 F .809(implicit map.)117 621.2 R .809
(If no lookup is found, the indicated)5.809 F F2(default)3.309 E F1 .81
(is inserted; if no def)3.309 F .81(ault is speci\214ed)-.1 F .776
(and no lookup matches, the v)117 633.2 R .776(alue is left unchanged.)
-.25 F(The)5.776 E F2(ar)3.276 E(guments)-.37 E F1 .775
(are passed to the map for)3.275 F(possible use.)117 645.2 Q(The)142
661.4 Q F0($>)2.619 E F2(n)A F1 .119(syntax causes the remainder of the line to be substituted as usual and then passed)
2.619 F .587(as the ar)117 673.4 R .587(gument to ruleset)-.18 F F2(n)
3.087 E F1 5.587(.T)C .587(he \214nal v)-5.587 F .586(alue of ruleset)
-.25 F F2(n)3.086 E F1 .586(then becomes the substitution for this)3.086
F .32 LW 76 683 72 683 DL 80 683 76 683 DL 84 683 80 683 DL 88 683 84
683 DL 92 683 88 683 DL 96 683 92 683 DL 100 683 96 683 DL 104 683 100
683 DL 108 683 104 683 DL 112 683 108 683 DL 116 683 112 683 DL 120 683
116 683 DL 124 683 120 683 DL 128 683 124 683 DL 132 683 128 683 DL 136
683 132 683 DL 140 683 136 683 DL 144 683 140 683 DL 148 683 144 683 DL
152 683 148 683 DL 156 683 152 683 DL 160 683 156 683 DL 164 683 160 683
DL 168 683 164 683 DL 172 683 168 683 DL 176 683 172 683 DL 180 683 176
683 DL 184 683 180 683 DL 188 683 184 683 DL 192 683 188 683 DL 196 683
192 683 DL 200 683 196 683 DL 204 683 200 683 DL 208 683 204 683 DL 212
683 208 683 DL 216 683 212 683 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(14)93.6 693.4 Q
/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(This is actually completely equi)3.2 I -.2(va)-.2
G(lent to $\(host).2 E/F6 8/Times-Italic@0 SF(hostname)2 E F5 2($\). In)
B(particular)2 E 2(,a)-.32 G/F7 8/Times-Bold@0 SF($:)A F5(def)2 E
(ault can be used.)-.08 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-31)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 3.075(rule. The)117 96 R F0
($>)3.075 E F1 .575(syntax can only be used at the be)3.075 F .575
(ginning of the right hand side; it can be only be)-.15 F(preceded by)
117 108 Q F0($@)2.5 E F1(or)2.5 E F0($:)2.5 E F1(.)A(The)142 124.2 Q F0
($#)2.508 E F1 .008(syntax should)2.508 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(only)
2.508 E F1 .008
(be used in ruleset zero or a subroutine of ruleset zero.)2.508 F .007
(It causes)5.007 F -.25(eva)117 136.2 S .684
(luation of the ruleset to terminate immediately).25 F 3.184(,a)-.65 G
.684(nd signals to)-3.184 F F2(sendmail)3.184 E F1 .685
(that the address has)3.185 F(completely resolv)117 148.2 Q 2.5(ed. The)
-.15 F(complete syntax is:)2.5 E F0($#)157 164.4 Q F2(mailer)A F0($@)2.5
E F2(host)A F0($:)2.5 E F2(user)A F1 1.394(This speci\214es the {mailer)
117 180.6 R 3.894(,h)-.4 G 1.394
(ost, user} 3-tuple necessary to direct the mailer)-3.894 F 6.394(.I)
-.55 G 3.894(ft)-6.394 G 1.394(he mailer is)-3.894 F .775
(local the host part may be omitted)117 194.6 R/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF
(15)-4 I F1 5.775(.T)4 K(he)-5.775 E F2(mailer)3.275 E F1 .774
(must be a single w)3.274 F .774(ord, b)-.1 F .774(ut the)-.2 F F2(host)
3.274 E F1(and)3.274 E F2(user)3.274 E F1 .252(may be multi-part.)117
206.6 R .253(If the)5.253 F F2(mailer)2.753 E F1 .253(is the b)2.753 F
.253(uiltin IPC mailer)-.2 F 2.753(,t)-.4 G(he)-2.753 E F2(host)2.753 E
F1 .253(may be a colon-separated list)2.753 F .5
(of hosts that are searched in order for the \214rst w)117 218.6 R .5
(orking address \(e)-.1 F .5(xactly lik)-.15 F 3(eM)-.1 G 3(Xr)-3 G 3
(ecords\). The)-3 F F2(user)117 230.6 Q F1 .036(is later re)2.536 F .036
(written by the mailer)-.25 F .036(-speci\214c en)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.4 G
.036(lope re).15 F .036(writing set and assigned to the)-.25 F F0($u)
2.536 E F1(macro.)2.536 E .162
(As a special case, if the mailer speci\214ed has the)117 242.6 R F0
(F=@)2.662 E F1 .162
(\215ag speci\214ed and the \214rst character of the)2.662 F F0($:)117
254.6 Q F1 -.25(va)3.376 G .876
(lue is \231@\232, the \231@\232 is stripped of).25 F .877
(f, and a \215ag is set in the address descriptor that causes)-.25 F
(sendmail to not do ruleset 5 processing.)117 266.6 Q(Normally)142 282.8
Q 3.252(,ar)-.65 G .751
(ule that matches is retried, that is, the rule loops until it f)-3.252
F 3.251(ails. A)-.1 F .751(RHS may)3.251 F 1.085(also be preceded by a)
117 294.8 R F0($@)3.585 E F1 1.085(or a)3.585 F F0($:)3.585 E F1 1.085
(to change this beha)3.585 F(vior)-.2 E 6.085(.A)-.55 G F0($@)-2.5 E F1
1.086(pre\214x causes the ruleset to)3.586 F 1.46
(return with the remainder of the RHS as the v)117 306.8 R 3.96(alue. A)
-.25 F F0($:)3.96 E F1 1.46(pre\214x causes the rule to terminate)3.96 F
(immediately)117 318.8 Q 3.756(,b)-.65 G 1.256
(ut the ruleset to continue; this can be used to a)-3.956 F -.2(vo)-.2 G
1.256(id continued application of a).2 F 2.5(rule. The)117 330.8 R
(pre\214x is stripped before continuing.)2.5 E(The)142 347 Q F0($@)2.5 E
F1(and)2.5 E F0($:)2.5 E F1(pre\214x)2.5 E(es may precede a)-.15 E F0
($>)2.5 E F1(spec; for e)2.5 E(xample:)-.15 E 20.19(R$+ $:)157 363.2 R
($>7 $1)2.5 E 1.256(matches an)117 379.4 R 1.256
(ything, passes that to ruleset se)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.256
(n, and continues; the).15 F F0($:)3.756 E F1 1.256(is necessary to a)
3.756 F -.2(vo)-.2 G 1.256(id an).2 F(in\214nite loop.)117 391.4 Q 1.205
(Substitution occurs in the order described, that is, parameters from the LHS are substi-)
142 407.6 R .22(tuted, hostnames are canonicalized, \231subroutines\232 are called, and \214nally)
117 419.6 R F0($#)2.719 E F1(,)A F0($@)2.719 E F1 2.719(,a)C(nd)-2.719 E
F0($:)2.719 E F1 .219(are pro-)2.719 F(cessed.)117 431.6 Q F0 2.5
(5.1.3. Semantics)102 455.6 R(of r)2.5 E(ewriting rule sets)-.18 E F1
1.522(There are \214v)142 471.8 R 4.023(er)-.15 G -.25(ew)-4.023 G 1.523
(riting sets that ha).25 F 1.823 -.15(ve s)-.2 H 1.523
(peci\214c semantics.).15 F -.15(Fo)6.523 G 1.523
(ur of these are related as).15 F(depicted by \214gure 1.)117 483.8 Q
1.029(Ruleset three should turn the address into \231canonical form.)142
500 R 6.029<9a54>-.7 G 1.029(his form should ha)-6.029 F 1.329 -.15
(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E(basic syntax:)117 512 Q
(local-part@host-domain-spec)157 528.2 Q(Ruleset three is applied by)117
544.4 Q F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(before doing an)2.5 E(ything with an)-.15 E
2.5(ya)-.15 G(ddress.)-2.5 E .301
(If no \231@\232 sign is speci\214ed, then the host-domain-spec)142
560.6 R F2(may)2.801 E F1 .302(be appended \(box \231D\232 in Fig-)2.801
F .578(ure 1\) from the sender address \(if the)117 572.6 R F0(C)3.077 E
F1 .577(\215ag is set in the mailer de\214nition corresponding to the)
3.077 F F2(sending)117 584.6 Q F1(mailer\).)2.5 E 1.021(Ruleset zero is applied after ruleset three to addresses that are going to actually specify)
142 600.8 R 3.664(recipients. It)117 612.8 R 1.164(must resolv)3.664 F
3.664(et)-.15 G 3.664(oa)-3.664 G F2({mailer)A 3.664(,h)-1.11 G 1.164
(ost, user})-3.664 F F1 3.664(triple. The)3.664 F F2(mailer)3.664 E F1
1.163(must be de\214ned in the)3.664 F .751
(mailer de\214nitions from the con\214guration \214le.)117 624.8 R(The)
5.751 E F2(host)3.251 E F1 .751(is de\214ned into the)3.251 F F0($h)
3.251 E F1 .752(macro for use in)3.252 F(the ar)117 636.8 Q(gv e)-.18 E
(xpansion of the speci\214ed mailer)-.15 E(.)-.55 E .453
(Rulesets one and tw)142 653 R 2.953(oa)-.1 G .452
(re applied to all sender and recipient addresses respecti)-2.953 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.452(.T)-.65 G(he)-5.452 E(y)-.15 E
(are applied before an)117 665 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G
(peci\214cation in the mailer de\214nition.)-2.5 E(The)5 E 2.5(ym)-.15 G
(ust ne)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rr).15 G(esolv)-2.5 E(e.)-.15 E .32 LW
76 674.6 72 674.6 DL 80 674.6 76 674.6 DL 84 674.6 80 674.6 DL 88 674.6
84 674.6 DL 92 674.6 88 674.6 DL 96 674.6 92 674.6 DL 100 674.6 96 674.6
DL 104 674.6 100 674.6 DL 108 674.6 104 674.6 DL 112 674.6 108 674.6 DL
116 674.6 112 674.6 DL 120 674.6 116 674.6 DL 124 674.6 120 674.6 DL 128
674.6 124 674.6 DL 132 674.6 128 674.6 DL 136 674.6 132 674.6 DL 140
674.6 136 674.6 DL 144 674.6 140 674.6 DL 148 674.6 144 674.6 DL 152
674.6 148 674.6 DL 156 674.6 152 674.6 DL 160 674.6 156 674.6 DL 164
674.6 160 674.6 DL 168 674.6 164 674.6 DL 172 674.6 168 674.6 DL 176
674.6 172 674.6 DL 180 674.6 176 674.6 DL 184 674.6 180 674.6 DL 188
674.6 184 674.6 DL 192 674.6 188 674.6 DL 196 674.6 192 674.6 DL 200
674.6 196 674.6 DL 204 674.6 200 674.6 DL 208 674.6 204 674.6 DL 212
674.6 208 674.6 DL 216 674.6 212 674.6 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(15)93.6
685 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF -.88(Yo)3.2 K 2.725(um).88 G .725(ay w)
-2.725 F .726(ant to use it for special \231per user\232 e)-.08 F 2.726
(xtensions. F)-.12 F .726(or e)-.12 F .726
(xample, in the address \231jgm+foo@CMU.EDU\232; the \231+foo\232)-.12 F
(part is not part of the user name, and is passed to the local mailer for local use.)
72 697.8 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-32 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E .4 LW 77 108 72 108 DL 79 108 74
108 DL 84 108 79 108 DL 89 108 84 108 DL 94 108 89 108 DL 99 108 94 108
DL 104 108 99 108 DL 109 108 104 108 DL 114 108 109 108 DL 119 108 114
108 DL 124 108 119 108 DL 129 108 124 108 DL 134 108 129 108 DL 139 108
134 108 DL 144 108 139 108 DL 149 108 144 108 DL 154 108 149 108 DL 159
108 154 108 DL 164 108 159 108 DL 169 108 164 108 DL 174 108 169 108 DL
179 108 174 108 DL 184 108 179 108 DL 189 108 184 108 DL 194 108 189 108
DL 199 108 194 108 DL 204 108 199 108 DL 209 108 204 108 DL 214 108 209
108 DL 219 108 214 108 DL 224 108 219 108 DL 229 108 224 108 DL 234 108
229 108 DL 239 108 234 108 DL 244 108 239 108 DL 249 108 244 108 DL 254
108 249 108 DL 259 108 254 108 DL 264 108 259 108 DL 269 108 264 108 DL
274 108 269 108 DL 279 108 274 108 DL 284 108 279 108 DL 289 108 284 108
DL 294 108 289 108 DL 299 108 294 108 DL 304 108 299 108 DL 309 108 304
108 DL 314 108 309 108 DL 319 108 314 108 DL 324 108 319 108 DL 329 108
324 108 DL 334 108 329 108 DL 339 108 334 108 DL 344 108 339 108 DL 349
108 344 108 DL 354 108 349 108 DL 359 108 354 108 DL 364 108 359 108 DL
369 108 364 108 DL 374 108 369 108 DL 379 108 374 108 DL 384 108 379 108
DL 389 108 384 108 DL 394 108 389 108 DL 399 108 394 108 DL 404 108 399
108 DL 409 108 404 108 DL 414 108 409 108 DL 419 108 414 108 DL 424 108
419 108 DL 429 108 424 108 DL 434 108 429 108 DL 439 108 434 108 DL 444
108 439 108 DL 449 108 444 108 DL 454 108 449 108 DL 459 108 454 108 DL
464 108 459 108 DL 469 108 464 108 DL 474 108 469 108 DL 479 108 474 108
DL 484 108 479 108 DL 489 108 484 108 DL 494 108 489 108 DL 499 108 494
108 DL 504 108 499 108 DL/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(addr)91.915 202.6 Q
133.2 200.4 111.6 200.4 DL 133.2 200.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0 -3.6 RL CL BL
133.2 200.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0 -3.6 RL CL ST 154.8 211.2 MT 0 -21.6 RL
-21.6 0 RL 0 21.6 RL CL ST(3)141.5 202.6 Q 176.4 200.4 154.8 200.4 DL
176.4 200.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0 -3.6 RL CL BL 176.4 200.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0
-3.6 RL CL ST 198 211.2 MT 0 -21.6 RL -21.6 0 RL 0 21.6 RL CL ST(D)
183.59 202.6 Q 219.6 200.4 198 200.4 DL 277.2 182.4 255.6 182.4 DL 277.2
182.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0 -3.6 RL CL BL 277.2 182.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0 -3.6
RL CL ST 298.8 193.2 MT 0 -21.6 RL -21.6 0 RL 0 21.6 RL CL ST(1)285.5
184.6 Q 320.4 182.4 298.8 182.4 DL 320.4 182.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0 -3.6 RL
CL BL 320.4 182.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0 -3.6 RL CL ST 342 193.2 MT 0 -21.6 RL
-21.6 0 RL 0 21.6 RL CL ST(S)328.42 184.6 Q 363.6 182.4 342 182.4 DL
277.2 218.4 255.6 218.4 DL 277.2 218.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0 -3.6 RL CL BL
277.2 218.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0 -3.6 RL CL ST 298.8 229.2 MT 0 -21.6 RL
-21.6 0 RL 0 21.6 RL CL ST(2)285.5 220.6 Q 320.4 218.4 298.8 218.4 DL
320.4 218.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0 -3.6 RL CL BL 320.4 218.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0
-3.6 RL CL ST 342 229.2 MT 0 -21.6 RL -21.6 0 RL 0 21.6 RL CL ST(R)
327.865 220.6 Q 363.6 218.4 342 218.4 DL 421.2 200.4 399.6 200.4 DL
421.2 200.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0 -3.6 RL CL BL 421.2 200.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0
-3.6 RL CL ST 442.8 211.2 MT 0 -21.6 RL -21.6 0 RL 0 21.6 RL CL ST(4)
429.5 202.6 Q 464.4 200.4 442.8 200.4 DL 464.4 200.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0
-3.6 RL CL BL 464.4 200.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0 -3.6 RL CL ST(msg)466.865
202.6 Q 255.6 182.4 219.6 200.4 DL 255.6 218.4 219.6 200.4 DL 399.6
200.4 363.6 182.4 DL 399.6 200.4 363.6 218.4 DL 208.8 146.4 187.2 146.4
DL 208.8 146.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0 -3.6 RL CL BL 208.8 146.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL
0 -3.6 RL CL ST 230.4 157.2 MT 0 -21.6 RL -21.6 0 RL 0 21.6 RL CL ST(0)
217.1 148.6 Q 252 146.4 230.4 146.4 DL 252 146.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0 -3.6
RL CL BL 252 146.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0 -3.6 RL CL ST(resolv)265.69 148.6 Q
(ed address)-.15 E 187.2 146.4 162 200.4 DL(Figure 1 \212 Re)216.045
248.4 Q(writing set semantics)-.25 E 2.5(D\212s)209.35 260.4 S
(ender domain addition)-2.5 E 2.5(S\212m)209.35 272.4 S(ailer)-2.5 E
(-speci\214c sender re)-.2 E(writing)-.25 E 2.5(R\212m)209.35 284.4 S
(ailer)-2.5 E(-speci\214c recipient re)-.2 E(writing)-.25 E 77 296.4 72
296.4 DL 79 296.4 74 296.4 DL 84 296.4 79 296.4 DL 89 296.4 84 296.4 DL
94 296.4 89 296.4 DL 99 296.4 94 296.4 DL 104 296.4 99 296.4 DL 109
296.4 104 296.4 DL 114 296.4 109 296.4 DL 119 296.4 114 296.4 DL 124
296.4 119 296.4 DL 129 296.4 124 296.4 DL 134 296.4 129 296.4 DL 139
296.4 134 296.4 DL 144 296.4 139 296.4 DL 149 296.4 144 296.4 DL 154
296.4 149 296.4 DL 159 296.4 154 296.4 DL 164 296.4 159 296.4 DL 169
296.4 164 296.4 DL 174 296.4 169 296.4 DL 179 296.4 174 296.4 DL 184
296.4 179 296.4 DL 189 296.4 184 296.4 DL 194 296.4 189 296.4 DL 199
296.4 194 296.4 DL 204 296.4 199 296.4 DL 209 296.4 204 296.4 DL 214
296.4 209 296.4 DL 219 296.4 214 296.4 DL 224 296.4 219 296.4 DL 229
296.4 224 296.4 DL 234 296.4 229 296.4 DL 239 296.4 234 296.4 DL 244
296.4 239 296.4 DL 249 296.4 244 296.4 DL 254 296.4 249 296.4 DL 259
296.4 254 296.4 DL 264 296.4 259 296.4 DL 269 296.4 264 296.4 DL 274
296.4 269 296.4 DL 279 296.4 274 296.4 DL 284 296.4 279 296.4 DL 289
296.4 284 296.4 DL 294 296.4 289 296.4 DL 299 296.4 294 296.4 DL 304
296.4 299 296.4 DL 309 296.4 304 296.4 DL 314 296.4 309 296.4 DL 319
296.4 314 296.4 DL 324 296.4 319 296.4 DL 329 296.4 324 296.4 DL 334
296.4 329 296.4 DL 339 296.4 334 296.4 DL 344 296.4 339 296.4 DL 349
296.4 344 296.4 DL 354 296.4 349 296.4 DL 359 296.4 354 296.4 DL 364
296.4 359 296.4 DL 369 296.4 364 296.4 DL 374 296.4 369 296.4 DL 379
296.4 374 296.4 DL 384 296.4 379 296.4 DL 389 296.4 384 296.4 DL 394
296.4 389 296.4 DL 399 296.4 394 296.4 DL 404 296.4 399 296.4 DL 409
296.4 404 296.4 DL 414 296.4 409 296.4 DL 419 296.4 414 296.4 DL 424
296.4 419 296.4 DL 429 296.4 424 296.4 DL 434 296.4 429 296.4 DL 439
296.4 434 296.4 DL 444 296.4 439 296.4 DL 449 296.4 444 296.4 DL 454
296.4 449 296.4 DL 459 296.4 454 296.4 DL 464 296.4 459 296.4 DL 469
296.4 464 296.4 DL 474 296.4 469 296.4 DL 479 296.4 474 296.4 DL 484
296.4 479 296.4 DL 489 296.4 484 296.4 DL 494 296.4 489 296.4 DL 499
296.4 494 296.4 DL 504 296.4 499 296.4 DL 1.265
(Ruleset four is applied to all addresses in the message.)142 332.4 R
1.266(It is typically used to translate)6.265 F(internal to e)117 344.4
Q(xternal form.)-.15 E .653(In addition, ruleset 5 is applied to all local addresses \(speci\214cally)
142 360.6 R 3.152(,t)-.65 G .652(hose that resolv)-3.152 F 3.152(et)-.15
G 3.152(oa)-3.152 G .296
(mailer with the `F=5' \215ag set\) that do not ha)117 372.6 R .596 -.15
(ve a)-.2 H 2.796(liases. This).15 F(allo)2.796 E .296
(ws a last minute hook for local)-.25 F(names.)117 384.6 Q F0 2.5
(5.1.4. Ruleset)102 408.6 R(hooks)2.5 E F1 3.815(Af)142 424.8 S 1.815
-.25(ew e)-3.815 H 1.315(xtra rulesets are de\214ned as \231hooks\232 that can be de\214ned to get special features.)
.1 F(The)117 436.8 Q 3.467(ya)-.15 G .968(re all named rulesets.)-3.467
F .968(The \231check_*\232 forms all gi)5.968 F 1.268 -.15(ve a)-.25 H
.968(ccept/reject status; f).15 F .968(alling of)-.1 F 3.468(ft)-.25 G
(he)-3.468 E(end or returning normally is an accept, and resolving to $#error is a reject.)
117 448.8 Q F0 2.5(5.1.4.1. check_r)117 472.8 R(elay)-.18 E F1(The)157
489 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.15(ch)2.5 G(ec).15 E(k_r)-.2 E(elay)-.37
E F1(ruleset is called after a connection is accepted.)2.5 E
(It is passed)5 E(client.host.name $| client.host.address)172 505.2 Q
(where)132 521.4 Q F0($|)4.017 E F1 1.517
(is a metacharacter separating the tw)4.017 F 4.017(op)-.1 G 4.017
(arts. This)-4.017 F 1.517(ruleset can reject connections)4.017 F
(from v)132 533.4 Q(arious locations.)-.25 E F0 2.5(5.1.4.2. check_mail)
117 557.4 R F1(The)157 573.6 Q F2 -.15(ch)3.722 G(ec).15 E(k_mail)-.2 E
F1 1.223(ruleset is passed the user name parameter of the)3.722 F/F3 9
/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.223(SMTP MAIL)3.723 F F1(com-)3.723 E 2.5(mand. It)
132 585.6 R(can accept or reject the address.)2.5 E F0 2.5
(5.1.4.3. check_r)117 609.6 R(cpt)-.18 E F1(The)157 625.8 Q F2 -.15(ch)
3.918 G(ec).15 E(k_r)-.2 E(cpt)-.37 E F1 1.417
(ruleset is passed the user name parameter of the)3.918 F F3 1.417
(SMTP RCPT)3.917 F F1(com-)3.917 E 2.5(mand. It)132 637.8 R
(can accept or reject the address.)2.5 E F0 2.5(5.1.4.4. check_compat)
117 661.8 R F1(The)157 678 Q F2 -.15(ch)2.5 G(ec).15 E(k_compat)-.2 E F1
(ruleset is passed)2.5 E(sender)172 694.2 Q
(-address $| recipient-address)-.2 E(where)132 710.4 Q F0($|)3.725 E F1
1.225(is a metacharacter separating the addresses.)3.725 F 1.225
(It can accept or reject mail transfer)6.225 F(between these tw)132
722.4 Q 2.5(oa)-.1 G(ddresses much lik)-2.5 E 2.5(et)-.1 G(he)-2.5 E F2
-.15(ch)2.5 G(ec).15 E(kcompat\(\))-.2 E F1(function.)2.5 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-33)195.86 E 2.5(5.1.5. IPC)102 96 R(mailers)2.5 E/F1 10
/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.333
(Some special processing occurs if the ruleset zero resolv)142 112.2 R
1.332(es to an IPC mailer \(that is, a)-.15 F 1.178
(mailer that has \231[IPC]\232 listed as the P)117 124.2 R 1.179
(ath in the)-.15 F F0(M)3.679 E F1 1.179(con\214guration line.)3.679 F
1.179(The host name passed)6.179 F .169(after \231$@\232 has MX e)117
136.2 R .168(xpansion performed; this looks the name up in DNS to \214nd alternate deli)
-.15 F(v-)-.25 E(ery sites.)117 148.2 Q(The host name can also be pro)
142 164.4 Q(vided as a dotted quad in square brack)-.15 E(ets; for e)-.1
E(xample:)-.15 E([128.32.149.78])157 180.6 Q(This causes direct con)117
196.8 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G(rsion of the numeric v).15 E
(alue to a TCP/IP host address.)-.25 E .214(The host name passed in after the \231$@\232 may also be a colon-separated list of hosts.)
142 213 R(Each)5.214 E .485(is separately MX e)117 225 R .484
(xpanded and the results are concatenated to mak)-.15 F 2.984(e\()-.1 G
.484(essentially\) one long MX)-2.984 F 3.464(list. The)117 237 R .964
(intent here is to create \231f)3.464 F(ak)-.1 E .964
(e\232 MX records that are not published in DNS for pri)-.1 F -.25(va)
-.25 G(te).25 E(internal netw)117 249 Q(orks.)-.1 E
(As a \214nal special case, the host name can be passed in as a te)142
265.2 Q(xt string in square brack)-.15 E(ets:)-.1 E([ucb)157 281.4 Q
-.25(va)-.15 G(x.berk).25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(edu]).65 E .313
(This form a)117 297.6 R -.2(vo)-.2 G .313(ids the MX mapping.).2 F F0
(N.B.:)5.313 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF .312
(This is intended only for situations wher)2.813 F 2.812(ey)-.37 G .312
(ou have a)-2.812 F .337(network \214r)117 309.6 R -.15(ew)-.37 G .337
(all or other host that will do special pr).15 F .337
(ocessing for all your mail, so that your MX)-.45 F -.37(re)117 321.6 S
(cor).37 E 3.959(dp)-.37 G 1.459(oints to a gate)-3.959 F 1.459(way mac)
-.15 F 1.459(hine; this mac)-.15 F 1.458(hine could then do dir)-.15 F
1.458(ect delivery to mac)-.37 F(hines)-.15 E .09
(within your local domain.)117 333.6 R .09(Use of this featur)5.09 F
2.59(ed)-.37 G(ir)-2.59 E .09
(ectly violates RFC 1123 section 5.3.5: it should)-.37 F
(not be used lightly)117 345.6 Q(.)-.55 E F0 2.5(5.2. D)87 369.6 R 2.5
<8a44>2.5 G(e\214ne Macr)-2.5 E(o)-.18 E F1 .082
(Macros are named with a single character or with a w)127 385.8 R .081
(ord in {braces}.)-.1 F .081(Single character names)5.081 F .45
(may be selected from the entire ASCII set, b)102 397.8 R .45(ut user)
-.2 F .45(-de\214ned macros should be selected from the set)-.2 F .446
(of upper case letters only)102 409.8 R 5.446(.L)-.65 G -.25(ow)-5.446 G
.446(er case letters and special symbols are used internally).25 F 5.446
(.L)-.65 G .446(ong names)-5.446 F(be)102 421.8 Q .912
(ginning with a lo)-.15 F .912
(wer case letter or a punctuation character are reserv)-.25 F .913
(ed for use by sendmail, so)-.15 F(user)102 433.8 Q
(-de\214ned long macro names should be)-.2 E
(gin with an upper case letter)-.15 E(.)-.55 E
(The syntax for macro de\214nitions is:)127 450 Q F0(D)142 466.2 Q F2
1.666(xv)C(al)-1.666 E F1(where)102 482.4 Q F2(x)3.069 E F1 .569
(is the name of the macro \(which may be a single character or a w)3.069
F .568(ord in braces\) and)-.1 F F2(val)3.068 E F1(is)3.068 E .478
(the v)102 494.4 R .478(alue it should ha)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 5.478(.T)
.15 G .478(here should be no spaces gi)-5.478 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.978(nt)
.15 G .479(hat do not actually belong in the macro)-2.978 F -.25(va)102
506.4 S(lue.).25 E .494(Macros are interpolated using the construct)127
522.6 R F0($)2.994 E F2(x)A F1 2.994(,w)C(here)-2.994 E F2(x)2.994 E F1
.494(is the name of the macro to be inter)2.994 F(-)-.2 E 2.932
(polated. This)102 534.6 R .432
(interpolation is done when the con\214guration \214le is read, e)2.932
F .433(xcept in)-.15 F F0(M)2.933 E F1 2.933(lines. The)2.933 F(spe-)
2.933 E(cial construct)102 546.6 Q F0($&)2.5 E F2(x)A F1(can be used in)
2.5 E F0(R)2.5 E F1(lines to get deferred interpolation.)2.5 E
(Conditionals can be speci\214ed using the syntax:)127 562.8 Q($?x te)
142 579 Q(xt1 $| te)-.15 E(xt2 $.)-.15 E 1.128(This interpolates)102
595.2 R F2(te)3.628 E(xt1)-.2 E F1 1.128(if the macro)3.628 F F0($x)
3.628 E F1 1.128(is set, and)3.628 F F2(te)3.628 E(xt2)-.2 E F1 3.627
(otherwise. The)3.628 F 1.127(\231else\232 \()3.627 F F0($|)A F1 3.627
(\)c)C 1.127(lause may be)-3.627 F(omitted.)102 607.2 Q(Lo)127 623.4 Q
.58(wer case macro names are reserv)-.25 F .58(ed to ha)-.15 F .88 -.15
(ve s)-.2 H .58(pecial semantics, used to pass information in).15 F
1.561(or out of)102 635.4 R F2(sendmail)4.061 E F1 4.061(,a)C 1.561
(nd special characters are reserv)-4.061 F 1.561(ed to pro)-.15 F 1.56
(vide conditionals, etc.)-.15 F 1.56(Upper case)6.56 F(names \(that is,)
102 647.4 Q F0($A)2.5 E F1(through)2.5 E F0($Z)2.5 E F1 2.5(\)a)C
(re speci\214cally reserv)-2.5 E(ed for con\214guration \214le authors.)
-.15 E 1.302(The follo)127 663.6 R 1.302
(wing macros are de\214ned and/or used internally by)-.25 F F2(sendmail)
3.803 E F1 1.303(for interpolation into)3.803 F EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-34 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(ar)102 98
Q(gv')-.18 E 2.793(sf)-.55 G .293(or mailers or for other conte)-2.793 F
2.793(xts. The)-.15 F .293(ones mark)2.793 F .292
(ed \207 are information passed into sendmail)-.1 F/F2 7/Times-Roman@0
SF(16)-4 I F1(,)4 I .035(the ones mark)102 110 R .036(ed \210 are information passed both in and out of sendmail, and the unmark)
-.1 F .036(ed macros are)-.1 F(passed out of sendmail b)102 122 Q
(ut are not otherwise used internally)-.2 E 5(.T)-.65 G
(hese macros are:)-5 E 13.06($a The)102 138.2 R
(origination date in RFC 822 format.)2.5 E(This is e)5 E
(xtracted from the Date: line.)-.15 E 12.5($b The)102 154.4 R
(current date in RFC 822 format.)2.5 E 13.06($c The)102 170.6 R .003
(hop count.)2.503 F .003(This is a count of the number of Recei)5.003 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G .002(d: lines plus the v).15 F .002(alue of the)-.25 F F0
<ad68>2.502 E F1(com-)2.502 E(mand line \215ag.)127 182.6 Q 12.5($d The)
102 198.8 R(current date in UNIX \(ctime\) format.)2.5 E 8.06
($e\207 \(Obsolete;)102 215 R 1.814
(use SmtpGreetingMessage option instead.\))4.314 F 1.814
(The SMTP entry message.)6.814 F 1.814(This is)6.814 F 2.008
(printed out when SMTP starts up.)127 227 R 2.008(The \214rst w)7.008 F
2.008(ord must be the)-.1 F F0($j)4.508 E F1 2.008
(macro as speci\214ed by)4.508 F 2.731(RFC821. Def)127 239 R .231
(aults to \231$j Sendmail $v ready at $b\232.)-.1 F .232
(Commonly rede\214ned to include the con-)5.232 F(\214guration v)127 251
Q(ersion number)-.15 E 2.5(,e)-.4 G
(.g., \231$j Sendmail $v/$Z ready at $b\232)-2.5 E 14.17($f The)102
267.2 R(en)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.4 G(lope sender \(from\) address.).15 E 12.5
($g The)102 283.4 R .018(sender address relati)2.518 F .318 -.15(ve t)
-.25 H 2.518(ot).15 G .018(he recipient.)-2.518 F -.15(Fo)5.018 G 2.518
(re).15 G .017(xample, if)-2.668 F F0($f)2.517 E F1 .017
(is \231foo\232,)2.517 F F0($g)2.517 E F1 .017
(will be \231host!foo\232,)2.517 F(\231foo@host.domain\232, or whate)127
295.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G 2.5(sa)-2.5 G
(ppropriate for the recei)-2.5 E(ving mailer)-.25 E(.)-.55 E 12.5
($h The)102 311.6 R(recipient host.)2.5 E
(This is set in ruleset 0 from the $# \214eld of a parsed address.)5 E
14.72($i The)102 327.8 R(queue id, e.g., \231HAA12345\232.)2.5 E 9.72
($j\210 The)102 344 R(\231of)2.746 E .247
(\214cial\232 domain name for this site.)-.25 F .247
(This is fully quali\214ed if the full quali\214cation can be)5.247 F
3.094(found. It)127 356 R/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(must)3.094 E F1 .593(be rede\214ned to be the fully quali\214ed domain name if your system is not con-)
3.094 F(\214gured so that information can \214nd it automatically)127
368 Q(.)-.65 E 12.5($k The)102 384.2 R
(UUCP node name \(from the uname system call\).)2.5 E 9.72
($l\207 \(Obsolete;)102 400.4 R 1.281
(use UnixFromLine option instead.\))3.781 F 1.282
(The format of the UNIX from line.)6.282 F(Unless)6.282 E 1.41(you ha)
127 412.4 R 1.71 -.15(ve c)-.2 H 1.409
(hanged the UNIX mailbox format, you should not change the def).15 F
1.409(ault, which is)-.1 F(\231From $g)127 424.4 Q($d\232.)5 E 9.72
($m The)102 440.6 R .718(domain part of the)3.218 F F3 -.1(ge)3.218 G
(thostname).1 E F1 .718(return v)3.218 F 3.219(alue. Under)-.25 F .719
(normal circumstances,)3.219 F F0($j)3.219 E F1 .719(is equi)3.219 F(v-)
-.25 E(alent to)127 452.6 Q F0($w)2.5 E(.$m)-.7 E F1(.)A 7.5($n\207 The)
102 468.8 R(name of the daemon \(for error messages\).)2.5 E(Def)5 E
(aults to \231MAILER-D)-.1 E(AEMON\232.)-.4 E 7.5($o\207 \(Obsolete:)102
485 R .651(use OperatorChars option instead.\))3.151 F .651
(The set of \231operators\232 in addresses.)5.651 F 3.15(Al)5.65 G .65
(ist of)-3.15 F .581(characters which will be considered tok)127 497 R
.582(ens and which will separate tok)-.1 F .582(ens when doing pars-)-.1
F 3.278(ing. F)127 509 R .778(or e)-.15 F .778
(xample, if \231@\232 were in the)-.15 F F0($o)3.278 E F1 .777
(macro, then the input \231a@b\232 w)3.278 F .777(ould be scanned as)-.1
F .627(three tok)127 521 R .627(ens: \231a,)-.1 F 3.127<9a99>-.7 G(@,)
-3.127 E 3.127<9a61>-.7 G .627(nd \231b)-3.127 F 4.527 -.7(.\232 D)-.4 H
(ef).7 E .628
(aults to \231.:@[]\232, which is the minimum set necessary to)-.1 F
.856(do RFC 822 parsing; a richer set of operators is \231.:%@!/[]\232, which adds support for UUCP)
127 533 R(,)-1.11 E(the %-hack, and X.400 addresses.)127 545 Q 12.5
($p Sendmail')102 561.2 R 2.5(sp)-.55 G(rocess id.)-2.5 E 7.5
($q\207 Def)102 577.4 R .403(ault format of sender address.)-.1 F(The)
5.403 E F0($q)2.903 E F1 .403(macro speci\214es ho)2.903 F 2.903(wa)-.25
G 2.904(na)-2.903 G .404(ddress should appear in a)-2.904 F 1.181
(message when it is def)127 589.4 R 3.681(aulted. Def)-.1 F 1.181
(aults to \231<$g>\232.)-.1 F 1.18
(It is commonly rede\214ned to be \231$?x$x)6.181 F(<$g>$|$g$.)127 601.4
Q 5<9a6f>-.7 G 2.5<7299>-5 G($g$?x \($x\)$.)-2.5 E
(\232, corresponding to the follo)-.7 E(wing tw)-.25 E 2.5(of)-.1 G
(ormats:)-2.5 E(Eric Allman <eric@CS.Berk)167 617.6 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)
-.15 G(EDU>).65 E(eric@CS.Berk)167 629.6 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G
(EDU \(Eric Allman\)).65 E F3(Sendmail)127 645.8 Q F1
(properly quotes names that ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.2 H
(pecial characters if the \214rst form is used.).15 E 14.17($r Protocol)
102 662 R .976(used to recei)3.476 F 1.276 -.15(ve t)-.25 H .976
(he message.).15 F .976(Set from the)5.976 F F0<ad70>3.476 E F1 .977
(command line \215ag or by the SMTP)3.476 F(serv)127 674 Q(er code.)-.15
E .32 LW 76 688.4 72 688.4 DL 80 688.4 76 688.4 DL 84 688.4 80 688.4 DL
88 688.4 84 688.4 DL 92 688.4 88 688.4 DL 96 688.4 92 688.4 DL 100 688.4
96 688.4 DL 104 688.4 100 688.4 DL 108 688.4 104 688.4 DL 112 688.4 108
688.4 DL 116 688.4 112 688.4 DL 120 688.4 116 688.4 DL 124 688.4 120
688.4 DL 128 688.4 124 688.4 DL 132 688.4 128 688.4 DL 136 688.4 132
688.4 DL 140 688.4 136 688.4 DL 144 688.4 140 688.4 DL 148 688.4 144
688.4 DL 152 688.4 148 688.4 DL 156 688.4 152 688.4 DL 160 688.4 156
688.4 DL 164 688.4 160 688.4 DL 168 688.4 164 688.4 DL 172 688.4 168
688.4 DL 176 688.4 172 688.4 DL 180 688.4 176 688.4 DL 184 688.4 180
688.4 DL 188 688.4 184 688.4 DL 192 688.4 188 688.4 DL 196 688.4 192
688.4 DL 200 688.4 196 688.4 DL 204 688.4 200 688.4 DL 208 688.4 204
688.4 DL 212 688.4 208 688.4 DL 216 688.4 212 688.4 DL/F4 5
/Times-Roman@0 SF(16)93.6 698.8 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(As of v)3.2 I
(ersion 8.6, all of these macros ha)-.12 E .24 -.12(ve r)-.16 H
(easonable def).12 E 2(aults. Pre)-.08 F(vious v)-.2 E
(ersions required that the)-.12 E 2(yb)-.12 G 2(ed)-2 G(e\214ned.)-2 E
EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-35)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 13.61($s Sender')102 96 R 2.5
(sh)-.55 G(ost name.)-2.5 E(Set from the)5 E F0<ad70>2.5 E F1
(command line \215ag or by the SMTP serv)2.5 E(er code.)-.15 E 14.72
($t A)102 112.2 R(numeric representation of the current time.)2.5 E 12.5
($u The)102 128.4 R(recipient user)2.5 E(.)-.55 E 12.5($v The)102 144.6
R -.15(ve)2.5 G(rsion number of the).15 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
(sendmail)2.5 E F1(binary)2.5 E(.)-.65 E 5.28($w\210 The)102 160.8 R
(hostname of this site.)2.5 E(This is the root name of this host \(b)5 E
(ut see belo)-.2 E 2.5(wf)-.25 G(or ca)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(ats\).).15 E
12.5($x The)102 177 R(full name of the sender)2.5 E(.)-.55 E 13.06
($z The)102 193.2 R(home directory of the recipient.)2.5 E 12.5($_ The)
102 209.4 R -.25(va)2.5 G(lidated sender address.).25 E(${bodytype})102
225.6 Q
(The message body type \(7BIT or 8BITMIME\), as determined from the en)
127 237.6 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G(lope.).15 E(${client_addr})102 253.8 Q
(The IP address of the SMTP client.)127 265.8 Q
(De\214ned in the SMTP serv)5 E(er only)-.15 E(.)-.65 E(${client_name})
102 282 Q(The host name of the SMTP client.)127 294 Q
(De\214ned in the SMTP serv)5 E(er only)-.15 E(.)-.65 E(${client_port})
102 310.2 Q(The port number of the SMTP client.)127 322.2 Q
(De\214ned in the SMTP serv)5 E(er only)-.15 E(.)-.65 E(${en)102 338.4 Q
(vid})-.4 E(The en)127 350.4 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G
(lope id passed to sendmail as part of the en).15 E -.15(ve)-.4 G(lope.)
.15 E(${opMode})102 366.6 Q(The current operation mode \(from the)127
378.6 Q F0<ad62>2.5 E F1(\215ag\).)2.5 E .749
(There are three types of dates that can be used.)127 394.8 R(The)5.749
E F0($a)3.249 E F1(and)3.249 E F0($b)3.249 E F1 .749
(macros are in RFC 822 for)3.249 F(-)-.2 E(mat;)102 406.8 Q F0($a)3.213
E F1 .713(is the time as e)3.213 F .714
(xtracted from the \231Date:\232 line of the message \(if there w)-.15 F
.714(as one\), and)-.1 F F0($b)3.214 E F1(is)3.214 E .057
(the current date and time \(used for postmarks\).)102 418.8 R .056
(If no \231Date:\232 line is found in the incoming message,)5.057 F F0
($a)102 430.8 Q F1 .304(is set to the current time also.)2.804 F(The)
5.304 E F0($d)2.804 E F1 .305(macro is equi)2.804 F -.25(va)-.25 G .305
(lent to the).25 F F0($b)2.805 E F1 .305(macro in UNIX \(ctime\) for)
2.805 F(-)-.2 E(mat.)102 442.8 Q .239(The macros)127 459 R F0($w)2.739 E
F1(,)A F0($j)2.739 E F1 2.739(,a)C(nd)-2.739 E F0($m)2.739 E F1 .238
(are set to the identity of this host.)2.739 F F2(Sendmail)5.238 E F1
.238(tries to \214nd the fully)2.738 F .334(quali\214ed name of the host if at all possible; it does this by calling)
102 471 R F2 -.1(ge)2.835 G(thostname).1 E F1 .335
(\(2\) to get the current)B .457(hostname and then passing that to)102
483 R F2 -.1(ge)2.957 G(thostbyname).1 E F1 .457
(\(3\) which is supposed to return the canonical v)B(er)-.15 E(-)-.2 E
.278(sion of that host name.)102 497 R/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(17)-4 I F1
.278(Assuming this is successful,)2.778 4 N F0($j)2.778 E F1 .279
(is set to the fully quali\214ed name and)2.778 F F0($m)2.779 E F1(is)
2.779 E .706(set to the domain part of the name \(e)102 509 R -.15(ve)
-.25 G .706(rything after the \214rst dot\).).15 F(The)5.706 E F0($w)
3.206 E F1 .706(macro is set to the \214rst)3.206 F -.1(wo)102 521 S
.358(rd \(e).1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .358
(rything before the \214rst dot\) if you ha).15 F .658 -.15(ve a l)-.2 H
-2.15 -.25(ev e).15 H 2.858(l5o).25 G 2.858(rh)-2.858 G .359
(igher con\214guration \214le; otherwise, it)-2.858 F .405
(is set to the same v)102 533 R .405(alue as)-.25 F F0($j)2.905 E F1
5.405(.I)C 2.905(ft)-5.405 G .405
(he canoni\214cation is not successful, it is imperati)-2.905 F .704
-.15(ve t)-.25 H .404(hat the con\214g).15 F(\214le set)102 547 Q F0($j)
2.5 E F1(to the fully quali\214ed domain name)2.5 E F3(18)-4 I F1(.)4 I
(The)127 563.2 Q F0($f)2.832 E F1 .333(macro is the id of the sender as originally determined; when mailing to a speci\214c host)
2.833 F(the)102 575.2 Q F0($g)3.225 E F1 .725
(macro is set to the address of the sender)3.225 F F2 -.37(re)3.224 G
.724(lative to the r).37 F(ecipient.)-.37 E F1 -.15(Fo)5.724 G 3.224(re)
.15 G .724(xample, if I send to)-3.374 F(\231bollard@matisse.CS.Berk)102
587.2 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G .424(EDU\232 from the machine \231v).65
F(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G .424(EDU\232 the).65 F
F0($f)2.925 E F1(macro)2.925 E(will be \231eric\232 and the)102 599.2 Q
F0($g)2.5 E F1(macro will be \231eric@v)2.5 E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)
-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU.).65 E<9a>-.7 E(The)127 615.4 Q F0($x)2.563 E
F1 .062(macro is set to the full name of the sender)2.563 F 5.062(.T)
-.55 G .062(his can be determined in se)-5.062 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .062
(ral w).15 F 2.562(ays. It)-.1 F .629(can be passed as \215ag to)102
627.4 R F2(sendmail)3.129 E F1 5.629(.I)C 3.129(tc)-5.629 G .629
(an be de\214ned in the)-3.129 F/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF -.315(NA)3.13 G
(ME).315 E F1(en)3.13 E .63(vironment v)-.4 F 3.13(ariable. The)-.25 F
(third)3.13 E .949(choice is the v)102 639.4 R .949
(alue of the \231Full-Name:\232 line in the header if it e)-.25 F .948
(xists, and the fourth choice is the)-.15 F .526
(comment \214eld of a \231From:\232 line.)102 651.4 R .526
(If all of these f)5.526 F .526
(ail, and if the message is being originated locally)-.1 F(,)-.65 E
(the full name is look)102 663.4 Q(ed up in the)-.1 E F2(/etc/passwd)2.5
E F1(\214le.)2.5 E .32 LW 76 673 72 673 DL 80 673 76 673 DL 84 673 80
673 DL 88 673 84 673 DL 92 673 88 673 DL 96 673 92 673 DL 100 673 96 673
DL 104 673 100 673 DL 108 673 104 673 DL 112 673 108 673 DL 116 673 112
673 DL 120 673 116 673 DL 124 673 120 673 DL 128 673 124 673 DL 132 673
128 673 DL 136 673 132 673 DL 140 673 136 673 DL 144 673 140 673 DL 148
673 144 673 DL 152 673 148 673 DL 156 673 152 673 DL 160 673 156 673 DL
164 673 160 673 DL 168 673 164 673 DL 172 673 168 673 DL 176 673 172 673
DL 180 673 176 673 DL 184 673 180 673 DL 188 673 184 673 DL 192 673 188
673 DL 196 673 192 673 DL 200 673 196 673 DL 204 673 200 673 DL 208 673
204 673 DL 212 673 208 673 DL 216 673 212 673 DL/F5 5/Times-Roman@0 SF
(17)93.6 683.4 Q/F6 8/Times-Roman@0 SF -.12(Fo)3.2 K 2(re).12 G
(xample, on some systems)-2.12 E/F7 8/Times-Italic@0 SF -.08(ge)2 G
(thostname).08 E F6(might return \231foo\232 which w)2 E
(ould be mapped to \231foo.bar)-.08 E(.com\232 by)-.44 E F7 -.08(ge)2 G
(thostbyname).08 E F6(.)A F5(18)93.6 697 Q F6(Older v)3.2 I
(ersions of sendmail didn')-.12 E 2(tp)-.144 G(re-de\214ne)-2 E/F8 8
/Times-Bold@0 SF($j)2 E F6(at all, so up until 8.6, con\214g \214les)2 E
F7(always)2 E F6(had to de\214ne)2 E F8($j)2 E F6(.)A EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-36 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.321
(When sending, the)127 96 R F0($h)3.821 E F1(,)A F0($u)3.821 E F1 3.821
(,a)C(nd)-3.821 E F0($z)3.821 E F1 1.321
(macros get set to the host, user)3.821 F 3.82(,a)-.4 G 1.32
(nd home directory \(if)-3.82 F .516(local\) of the recipient.)102 108 R
.516(The \214rst tw)5.516 F 3.016(oa)-.1 G .516(re set from the)-3.016 F
F0($@)3.016 E F1(and)3.016 E F0($:)3.016 E F1 .517(part of the re)3.017
F .517(writing rules, respec-)-.25 F(ti)102 120 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15
E(.)-.65 E(The)127 136.2 Q F0($p)3.806 E F1(and)3.806 E F0($t)3.806 E F1
1.306(macros are used to create unique strings \(e.g., for the \231Message-Id:\232 \214eld\).)
3.806 F(The)102 148.2 Q F0($i)3.251 E F1 .751(macro is set to the queue id on this host; if put into the timestamp line it can be e)
3.251 F(xtremely)-.15 E .165(useful for tracking messages.)102 160.2 R
(The)5.165 E F0($v)2.665 E F1 .164(macro is set to be the v)2.665 F .164
(ersion number of)-.15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.664 E F1
2.664(;t)C .164(his is nor)-2.664 F(-)-.2 E
(mally put in timestamps and has been pro)102 172.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5
(ne).15 G(xtremely useful for deb)-2.65 E(ugging.)-.2 E(The)127 188.4 Q
F0($c)3.547 E F1 1.048(\214eld is set to the \231hop count,)3.547 F
3.548<9a69>-.7 G 1.048
(.e., the number of times this message has been pro-)-3.548 F 2.857
(cessed. This)102 200.4 R .357(can be determined by the)2.857 F F0<ad68>
2.857 E F1 .356
(\215ag on the command line or by counting the timestamps)2.857 F
(in the message.)102 212.4 Q(The)127 228.6 Q F0($r)2.832 E F1(and)2.833
E F0($s)2.833 E F1 .333
(\214elds are set to the protocol used to communicate with)2.833 F F2
(sendmail)2.833 E F1 .333(and the send-)2.833 F .195(ing hostname.)102
240.6 R(The)5.195 E 2.694(yc)-.15 G .194(an be set together using the)
-2.694 F F0<ad70>2.694 E F1 .194
(command line \215ag or separately using the)2.694 F F0<ad4d>2.694 E F1
(or)102 252.6 Q F0(\255oM)2.5 E F1(\215ags.)2.5 E(The)127 268.8 Q F0($_)
2.966 E F1 .466(is set to a v)2.966 F .467(alidated sender host name.)
-.25 F .467(If the sender is running an RFC 1413 compli-)5.467 F .385
(ant IDENT serv)102 280.8 R .384(er and the recei)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
2.884(rh).15 G .384
(as the IDENT protocol turned on, it will include the user name)-2.884 F
(on that host.)102 292.8 Q(The)127 309 Q F0(${client_name})5.98 E F1(,)A
F0(${client_addr})5.98 E F1 5.98(,a)C(nd)-5.98 E F0(${client_port})5.98
E F1 3.48(macros are set to the name,)5.98 F .786
(address, and port number of the SMTP client who is in)102 321 R -.2(vo)
-.4 G(king).2 E F2(sendmail)3.286 E F1 .786(as a serv)3.286 F(er)-.15 E
5.786(.T)-.55 G .785(hese can be)-5.786 F(used in the)102 333 Q F2 -.15
(ch)2.5 G(ec).15 E(k_*)-.2 E F1(rulesets \(using the)2.5 E F0($&)2.5 E
F1(deferred e)2.5 E -.25(va)-.25 G(luation form, of course!\).).25 E F0
2.5(5.3. C)87 357 R(and F \212 De\214ne Classes)2.5 E F1 .659(Classes of phrases may be de\214ned to match on the left hand side of re)
127 373.2 R .66(writing rules, where a)-.25 F .192(\231phrase\232 is a sequence of characters that do not contain space characters.)
102 385.2 R -.15(Fo)5.192 G 2.692(re).15 G .191(xample a class of all)
-2.842 F 1.428(local names for this site might be created so that attempts to send to oneself can be eliminated.)
102 397.2 R .041(These can either be de\214ned directly in the con\214guration \214le or read in from another \214le.)
102 409.2 R .04(Classes are)5.04 F .649(named as a single letter or a w)
102 421.2 R .649(ord in {braces}.)-.1 F .649(Class names be)5.649 F .649
(ginning with lo)-.15 F .649(wer case letters and)-.25 F .639
(special characters are reserv)102 433.2 R .639(ed for system use.)-.15
F .638(Classes de\214ned in con\214g \214les may be gi)5.639 F -.15(ve)
-.25 G 3.138(nn).15 G(ames)-3.138 E 1.05
(from the set of upper case letters for short names or be)102 445.2 R
1.05(ginning with an upper case letter for long)-.15 F(names.)102 457.2
Q(The syntax is:)127 473.4 Q F0(C)142 489.6 Q F2 1.666(cp)C(hr)-1.666 E
(ase1 phr)-.15 E(ase2...)-.15 E F0(F)142 501.6 Q F2 1.666<638c>C(le)
-1.666 E F1 .661(The \214rst form de\214nes the class)102 517.8 R F2(c)
3.161 E F1 .661(to match an)3.161 F 3.161(yo)-.15 G 3.161(ft)-3.161 G
.661(he named w)-3.161 F 3.161(ords. It)-.1 F .661
(is permissible to split them)3.161 F(among multiple lines; for e)102
529.8 Q(xample, the tw)-.15 E 2.5(of)-.1 G(orms:)-2.5 E
(CHmonet ucbmonet)142 546 Q(and)102 562.2 Q(CHmonet)142 578.4 Q
(CHucbmonet)142 590.4 Q(are equi)102 606.6 Q -.25(va)-.25 G 2.5
(lent. The).25 F -.74(``)2.5 G(F').74 E 2.5('f)-.74 G
(orm reads the elements of the class)-2.5 E F2(c)2.5 E F1
(from the named)2.5 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F1(.)A 1.339
(Elements of classes can be accessed in rules using)127 622.8 R F0($=)
3.839 E F1(or)3.839 E F0($~)3.839 E F1 6.339(.T)C(he)-6.339 E F0($~)
3.839 E F1 1.339(\(match entries not in)3.839 F
(class\) only matches a single w)102 634.8 Q(ord; multi-w)-.1 E
(ord entries in the class are ignored in this conte)-.1 E(xt.)-.15 E
(Some classes ha)127 651 Q .3 -.15(ve i)-.2 H(nternal meaning to).15 E
F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(:)A 18.42($=e contains)102 667.2 R .562
(the Content-T)3.062 F(ransfer)-.35 E .562(-Encodings that can be 8)-.2
F/F3 10/Symbol SF<ae>A F1 3.062(7b)C .562(it encoded.)-3.062 F .561
(It is prede\214ned to)5.561 F
(contain \2317bit\232, \2318bit\232, and \231binary\232.)138 679.2 Q
17.86($=k set)102 695.4 R(to be the same as)2.5 E F0($k)2.5 E F1 2.5(,t)
C(hat is, the UUCP node name.)-2.5 E 15.08($=m set)102 711.6 R
(to the set of domains by which this host is kno)2.5 E
(wn, initially just)-.25 E F0($m)2.5 E F1(.)A EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-37)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 17.86($=n can)102 96 R .58
(be set to the set of MIME body types that can ne)3.08 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
3.081(rb).15 G 3.081(ee)-3.081 G .581(ight to se)-3.081 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
3.081(nb).15 G .581(it encoded.)-3.081 F(It)5.581 E(def)138 108 Q 1.81
(aults to \231multipart/signed\232.)-.1 F 1.81
(Message types \231message/*\232 and \231multipart/*\232 are ne)6.81 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E 1.853(encoded directly)138 120 R 6.853(.M)-.65 G
1.853(ultipart messages are al)-6.853 F -.1(wa)-.1 G 1.853
(ys handled recursi).1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 6.853(.T)-.65 G 1.853
(he handling of)-6.853 F(message/* messages are controlled by class)138
132 Q F0($=s)2.5 E F1(.)A 17.86($=q A)102 148.2 R .712(set of Content-T)
3.212 F .712(ypes that will ne)-.8 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.212(rb).15 G 3.212
(ee)-3.212 G .712(ncoded as base64 \(if the)-3.212 F 3.212(yh)-.15 G
-2.25 -.2(av e)-3.212 H .711(to be encoded,)3.412 F(the)138 160.2 Q
3.357(yw)-.15 G .858(ill be encoded as quoted-printable\).)-3.357 F .858
(It can ha)5.858 F 1.158 -.15(ve p)-.2 H .858
(rimary types \(e.g., \231te).15 F .858(xt\232\) or full)-.15 F
(types \(such as \231te)138 172.2 Q 2.5(xt/plain\232\). The)-.15 F
(class is initialized to ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve \231)-.2 H(te).15 E
(xt/plain\232 only)-.15 E(.)-.65 E 18.97($=s contains)102 188.4 R .648
(the set of subtypes of message that can be treated recursi)3.148 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.648(.B)-.65 G 3.148(yd)-5.648 G(ef)-3.148 E .648
(ault it con-)-.1 F .969(tains only \231rfc822\232.)138 200.4 R .969
(Other \231message/*\232 types cannot be 8)5.969 F/F2 10/Symbol SF<ae>A
F1 3.469(7b)C .969(it encoded.)-3.469 F .97(If a message)5.97 F 1.045
(containing eight bit data is sent to a se)138 212.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
3.545(nb).15 G 1.045(it host, and that message cannot be encoded)-3.545
F(into se)138 224.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(nb).15 G
(its, it will be stripped to 7 bits.)-2.5 E 20.08($=t set)102 240.6 R
.372(to the set of trusted users by the)2.872 F F0(T)2.872 E F1 .372
(con\214guration line.)2.872 F .372(If you w)5.372 F .373
(ant to read trusted users)-.1 F(from a \214le use)138 252.6 Q F0(Ft)2.5
E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(/\214le/name)A F1(.)A 15.64($=w set)102 268.8
R .513(to be the set of all names this host is kno)3.013 F .513(wn by)
-.25 F 5.513(.T)-.65 G .513(his can be used to match local host-)-5.513
F(names.)138 280.8 Q F3(Sendmail)127 297 Q F1 .182
(can be compiled to allo)2.682 F 2.682(wa)-.25 G F3(scanf)A F1 .182
(\(3\) string on the)B F0(F)2.682 E F1 2.683(line. This)2.683 F .183
(lets you do simplistic)2.683 F .555(parsing of te)102 309 R .555
(xt \214les.)-.15 F -.15(Fo)5.555 G 3.055(re).15 G .554
(xample, to read all the user names in your system)-3.205 F F3
(/etc/passwd)3.054 E F1 .554(\214le into a)3.054 F(class, use)102 321 Q
(FL/etc/passwd %[^:])142 337.2 Q(which reads e)102 353.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25
G(ry line up to the \214rst colon.).15 E F0 2.5(5.4. M)87 377.4 R 2.5
<8a44>2.5 G(e\214ne Mailer)-2.5 E F1(Programs and interf)127 393.6 Q
(aces to mailers are de\214ned in this line.)-.1 E(The format is:)5 E F0
(M)142 409.8 Q F3(name)A F1 2.5(,{)C F3(\214eld)-2.5 E F1(=)A F3(value)A
F1(}*)1.666 E(where)102 426 Q F3(name)4.244 E F1 1.744(is the name of the mailer \(used internally only\) and the \231\214eld=name\232 pairs de\214ne)
4.244 F(attrib)102 438 Q(utes of the mailer)-.2 E 5(.F)-.55 G
(ields are:)-5 E -.15(Pa)142 454.2 S 51.87(th The).15 F
(pathname of the mailer)2.5 E 47.83(Flags Special)142 466.2 R
(\215ags for this mailer)2.5 E 41.73(Sender Re)142 478.2 R
(writing set\(s\) for sender addresses)-.25 E 31.17(Recipient Re)142
490.2 R(writing set\(s\) for recipient addresses)-.25 E(Ar)142 502.2 Q
49.13(gv An)-.18 F(ar)2.5 E(gument v)-.18 E
(ector to pass to this mailer)-.15 E 55.61(Eol The)142 514.2 R
(end-of-line string for this mailer)2.5 E 35.62(Maxsize The)142 526.2 R
(maximum message length to this mailer)2.5 E 32.27(Linelimit The)142
538.2 R(maximum line length in the message body)2.5 E 31.18
(Directory The)142 550.2 R -.1(wo)2.5 G(rking directory for the mailer)
.1 E 42.84(Userid The)142 562.2 R(def)2.5 E
(ault user and group id to run as)-.1 E 50.62(Nice The)142 574.2 R
(nice\(2\) increment for the mailer)2.5 E 38.95(Charset The)142 586.2 R
(def)2.5 E(ault character set for 8-bit characters)-.1 E -.8(Ty)142
598.2 S 49.75(pe The).8 F
(MTS type information \(used for error messages\))2.5 E
(Only the \214rst character of the \214eld name is check)102 614.4 Q
(ed.)-.1 E .397(The follo)127 630.6 R .396
(wing \215ags may be set in the mailer description.)-.25 F(An)5.396 E
2.896(yo)-.15 G .396(ther \215ags may be used freely)-2.896 F .075(to conditionally assign headers to messages destined for particular mailers.)
102 642.6 R .075(Flags mark)5.075 F .075(ed with \207 are)-.1 F 1.193
(not interpreted by the)102 654.6 R F3(sendmail)3.693 E F1 1.193
(binary; these are the con)3.693 F -.15(ve)-.4 G 1.192
(ntionally used to correlate to the \215ags).15 F .737(portion of the)
102 666.6 R F0(H)3.237 E F1 3.237(line. Flags)3.237 F(mark)3.237 E .737
(ed with \210 apply to the mailers for the sender address rather than)
-.1 F(the usual recipient mailers.)102 678.6 Q 15.56(aR)102 694.8 S .987
(un Extended SMTP \(ESMTP\) protocol \(de\214ned in RFCs 1651, 1652, and 1653\).)
-15.56 F .986(This \215ag)5.987 F(def)122 706.8 Q
(aults on if the SMTP greeting message includes the w)-.1 E
(ord \231ESMTP\232.)-.1 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-38 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 12.78(AL)
102 96 S .762
(ook up the user part of the address in the alias database.)-12.78 F
.763(Normally this is only set for local)5.762 F(mailers.)122 108 Q 15
(bF)102 124.2 S .456(orce a blank line on the end of a message.)-15.15 F
.456(This is intended to w)5.456 F .456(ork around some stupid v)-.1 F
(er)-.15 E(-)-.2 E .361(sions of /bin/mail that require a blank line, b)
122 136.2 R .362(ut do not pro)-.2 F .362(vide it themselv)-.15 F 2.862
(es. It)-.15 F -.1(wo)2.862 G .362(uld not nor).1 F(-)-.2 E
(mally be used on netw)122 148.2 Q(ork mail.)-.1 E 15.56(cD)102 164.4 S
2.663(on)-15.56 G .163(ot include comments in addresses.)-2.663 F .163
(This should only be used if you ha)5.163 F .463 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.663
(ow).15 G .163(ork around a)-2.763 F 1.846
(remote mailer that gets confused by comments.)122 176.4 R 1.846
(This strips addresses of the form \231Phrase)6.846 F
(<address>\232 or \231address \(Comment\)\232 do)122 188.4 Q
(wn to just \231address\232.)-.25 E 5.83(C\210 If)102 204.6 R .214
(mail is)2.714 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.37(re)2.714 G(ceived).37 E F1
.213(from a mailer with this \215ag set, an)2.713 F 2.713(ya)-.15 G .213
(ddresses in the header that do not ha)-2.713 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .97
(an at sign \(\231@\232\) after being re)122 216.6 R .97
(written by ruleset three will ha)-.25 F 1.27 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .97
(he \231@domain\232 clause from).15 F(the sender en)122 228.6 Q -.15(ve)
-.4 G(lope address tack).15 E(ed on.)-.1 E(This allo)5 E
(ws mail with headers of the form:)-.25 E(From: usera@hosta)162 244.8 Q
-.8(To)162 256.8 S 2.5(:u).8 G(serb@hostb, userc)-2.5 E(to be re)122 273
Q(written as:)-.25 E(From: usera@hosta)162 289.2 Q -.8(To)162 301.2 S
2.5(:u).8 G(serb@hostb, userc@hosta)-2.5 E(automatically)122 317.4 Q 5
(.H)-.65 G -.25(ow)-5 G -2.15 -.25(ev e).25 H .8 -.4(r, i).25 H 2.5(td)
.4 G(oesn')-2.5 E 2.5(tr)-.18 G(eally w)-2.5 E(ork reliably)-.1 E(.)-.65
E 15(dD)102 333.6 S 2.56(on)-15 G .06(ot include angle brack)-2.56 F .06
(ets around route-address syntax addresses.)-.1 F .06
(This is useful on mailers)5.06 F .187(that are going to pass addresses to a shell that might interpret angle brack)
122 345.6 R .188(ets as I/O redirection.)-.1 F 5.28(D\207 This)102 361.8
R(mailer w)2.5 E(ants a \231Date:\232 header line.)-.1 E 15.56(eT)102
378 S .174(his mailer is e)-15.56 F(xpensi)-.15 E .474 -.15(ve t)-.25 H
2.674(oc).15 G .173(onnect to, so try to a)-2.674 F -.2(vo)-.2 G .173
(id connecting normally; an).2 F 2.673(yn)-.15 G .173(ecessary con-)
-2.673 F(nection will occur during a queue run.)122 390 Q 13.89(EE)102
406.2 S(scape lines be)-13.89 E
(ginning with \231From\232 in the message with a `>' sign.)-.15 E 16.67
(fT)102 422.4 S .19(he mailer w)-16.67 F .19(ants a)-.1 F F0<ad66>2.69 E
F2(fr)2.69 E(om)-.45 E F1 .19(\215ag, b)2.69 F .19
(ut only if this is a netw)-.2 F .19(ork forw)-.1 F .19
(ard operation \(i.e., the mailer)-.1 F(will gi)122 434.4 Q .3 -.15
(ve a)-.25 H 2.5(ne).15 G(rror if the e)-2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G
(cuting user does not ha).15 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.2 H(pecial permissions\).)
.15 E 6.94(F\207 This)102 450.6 R(mailer w)2.5 E
(ants a \231From:\232 header line.)-.1 E 15(gN)102 466.8 S(ormally)-15 E
(,)-.65 E F2(sendmail)4.893 E F1 2.393(sends internally generated email \(e.g., error messages\) using the null)
4.893 F 1.327(return address as required by RFC 1123.)122 478.8 R(Ho)
6.327 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.127 -.4(r, s).15 H 1.327
(ome mailers don').4 F 3.827(ta)-.18 G 1.328(ccept a null return)-3.827
F 3.311(address. If)122 490.8 R(necessary)3.311 E 3.311(,y)-.65 G .811
(ou can set the)-3.311 F F0(g)3.311 E F1 .811(\215ag to pre)3.311 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G(nt).15 E F2(sendmail)3.31 E F1 .81(from obe)3.31 F .81
(ying the standards;)-.15 F 1.57
(error messages will be sent as from the MAILER-D)122 502.8 R 1.57
(AEMON \(actually)-.4 F 4.07(,t)-.65 G 1.57(he v)-4.07 F 1.57
(alue of the)-.25 F F0($n)4.07 E F1(macro\).)122 514.8 Q 15(hU)102 531 S
(pper case should be preserv)-15 E(ed in host names for this mailer)-.15
E(.)-.55 E 17.22(iD)102 547.2 S 2.5(oU)-17.22 G(ser Database re)-2.5 E
(writing on en)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.4 G(lope sender address.).15 E 16.67(IT)
102 563.4 S .475(his mailer will be speaking SMTP to another)-16.67 F F2
(sendmail)2.974 E F1 2.974<8a61>2.974 G 2.974(ss)-2.974 G .474
(uch it can use special protocol)-2.974 F 3.632(features. This)122 575.4
R 1.133(option is not required \(i.e., if this option is omitted the transmission will still)
3.632 F(operate successfully)122 587.4 Q 2.5(,a)-.65 G
(lthough perhaps not as ef)-2.5 E(\214ciently as possible\).)-.25 E
17.22(jD)102 603.6 S 2.5(oU)-17.22 G(ser Database re)-2.5 E
(writing on recipients as well as senders.)-.25 E 15(kN)102 619.8 S 1.03
(ormally when)-15 F F2(sendmail)3.53 E F1 1.03
(connects to a host via SMTP)3.53 F 3.529(,i)-1.11 G 3.529(tc)-3.529 G
1.029(hecks to mak)-3.529 F 3.529(es)-.1 G 1.029(ure that this isn')
-3.529 F(t)-.18 E .562(accidently the same host name as might happen if)
122 631.8 R F2(sendmail)3.062 E F1 .562
(is miscon\214gured or if a long-haul)3.062 F(netw)122 643.8 Q 1.074
(ork interf)-.1 F 1.074(ace is set in loopback mode.)-.1 F 1.073
(This \215ag disables the loopback check.)6.074 F 1.073(It should)6.073
F(only be used under v)122 655.8 Q(ery unusual circumstances.)-.15 E
12.78(KC)102 672 S(urrently unimplemented.)-12.78 E(Reserv)5 E
(ed for chunking.)-.15 E 17.22(lT)102 688.2 S
(his mailer is local \(i.e., \214nal deli)-17.22 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ry will be performed\).).15 E 13.89(LL)102 704.4 S .819
(imit the line lengths as speci\214ed in RFC821.)-13.89 F .82
(This deprecated option should be replaced by)5.819 F(the)122 716.4 Q F0
(L=)2.5 E F1(mail declaration.)2.5 E -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(rh).15 G
(istoric reasons, the)-2.5 E F0(L)2.5 E F1(\215ag also sets the)2.5 E F0
(7)2.5 E F1(\215ag.)2.5 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-39)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 12.22(mT)102 96 S .464(his mailer can send to multiple users on the same host in one transaction.)
-12.22 F .463(When a)5.463 F F0($u)2.963 E F1(macro)2.963 E .731
(occurs in the)122 108 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)3.231 E(gv)-.37 E F1
.732(part of the mailer de\214nition, that \214eld will be repeated as necessary for all)
3.231 F(qualifying users.)122 120 Q 3.61(M\207 This)102 136.2 R
(mailer w)2.5 E(ants a \231Message-Id:\232 header line.)-.1 E 15(nD)102
152.4 S 2.5(on)-15 G
(ot insert a UNIX-style \231From\232 line on the front of the message.)
-2.5 E 15(oA)102 168.6 S -.1(lwa)-15 G .816(ys run as the o).1 F .816
(wner of the recipient mailbox.)-.25 F(Normally)5.816 E F2(sendmail)
3.316 E F1 .816(runs as the sender for)3.316 F .198
(locally generated mail or as \231daemon\232 \(actually)122 180.6 R
2.698(,t)-.65 G .198(he user speci\214ed in the)-2.698 F F0(u)2.698 E F1
.198(option\) when deli)2.698 F(v-)-.25 E .981(ering netw)122 192.6 R
.981(ork mail.)-.1 F .981(The normal beha)5.981 F .981
(viour is required by most local mailers, which will not)-.2 F(allo)122
204.6 Q 2.52(wt)-.25 G .02(he en)-2.52 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .021
(lope sender address to be set unless the mailer is running as daemon.)
.15 F .021(This \215ag is)5.021 F(ignored if the)122 216.6 Q F0(S)2.5 E
F1(\215ag is set.)2.5 E 15(pU)102 232.8 S .498
(se the route-addr style re)-15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .498
(rse-path in the SMTP \231MAIL FR).15 F .497
(OM:\232 command rather than just)-.4 F .385(the return address; although this is required in RFC821 section 3.1, man)
122 244.8 R 2.886(yh)-.15 G .386(osts do not process)-2.886 F(re)122
256.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(rse-paths properly).15 E 5(.R)-.65 G -2.15 -.25
(ev e)-5 H(rse-paths are of).25 E(\214cially discouraged by RFC 1123.)
-.25 E 6.94(P\207 This)102 273 R(mailer w)2.5 E(ants a \231Return-P)-.1
E(ath:\232 line.)-.15 E 15(qW)102 289.2 S .069
(hen an address that resolv)-15 F .069(es to this mailer is v)-.15 F
.068(eri\214ed \(SMTP VRFY command\), generate 250)-.15 F
(responses instead of 252 responses.)122 301.2 Q
(This will imply that the address is local.)5 E 16.67(rS)102 317.4 S
(ame as)-16.67 E F0(f)2.5 E F1 2.5(,b)C(ut sends a)-2.7 E F0<ad72>2.5 E
F1(\215ag.)2.5 E 13.33(RO)102 333.6 S .669
(pen SMTP connections from a \231secure\232 port.)-13.33 F .669
(Secure ports aren')5.669 F 3.169(t\()-.18 G .67(secure, that is\) e)
-3.169 F .67(xcept on)-.15 F
(UNIX machines, so it is unclear that this adds an)122 345.6 Q(ything.)
-.15 E 16.11(sS)102 361.8 S(trip quote characters \(" and \\\) of)-16.11
E 2.5(fo)-.25 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he address before calling the mailer)-2.5
E(.)-.55 E 14.44(SD)102 378 S(on')-14.44 E 3.332(tr)-.18 G .832
(eset the userid before calling the mailer)-3.332 F 5.831(.T)-.55 G .831
(his w)-5.831 F .831(ould be used in a secure en)-.1 F(vironment)-.4 E
(where)122 390 Q F2(sendmail)3.317 E F1 .817(ran as root.)3.317 F .817
(This could be used to a)5.817 F -.2(vo)-.2 G .817(id for).2 F .817
(ged addresses.)-.18 F .817(If the)5.817 F F0(U=)3.317 E F1 .818
(\214eld is)3.317 F .974
(also speci\214ed, this \215ag causes the user id to al)122 402 R -.1
(wa)-.1 G .974(ys be set to that user and group \(instead of).1 F(lea)
122 414 Q(ving it as root\).)-.2 E 15(uU)102 430.2 S
(pper case should be preserv)-15 E(ed in user names for this mailer)-.15
E(.)-.55 E 12.78(UT)102 446.4 S(his mailer w)-12.78 E(ants UUCP-style \231From\232 lines with the ugly \231remote from <host>\232 on the end.)
-.1 E 12.78(wT)102 462.6 S .565(he user must ha)-12.78 F .865 -.15
(ve a v)-.2 H .566
(alid account on this machine, i.e., getpwnam must succeed.)-.1 F .566
(If not, the)5.566 F(mail is bounced.)122 474.6 Q
(This is required to get \231.forw)5 E(ard\232 capability)-.1 E(.)-.65 E
7.5(x\207 This)102 490.8 R(mailer w)2.5 E
(ants a \231Full-Name:\232 header line.)-.1 E 12.78(XT)102 507 S .972
(his mailer w)-12.78 F .972(ant to use the hidden dot algorithm as speci\214ed in RFC821; basically)
-.1 F 3.472(,a)-.65 G 1.272 -.15(ny l)-3.472 H(ine).15 E(be)122 519 Q
.796(ginning with a dot will ha)-.15 F 1.096 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 3.296(ne)
.15 G .797(xtra dot prepended \(to be stripped at the other end\).)
-3.446 F(This)5.797 E(insures that lines in the message containing a dot will not terminate the message prematurely)
122 531 Q(.)-.65 E 15(0D)102 547.2 S(on')-15 E 2.5(tl)-.18 G
(ook up MX records for hosts sent via SMTP)-2.5 E(.)-1.11 E 15(3E)102
563.4 S .002(xtend the list of characters con)-15 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .001
(rted to =XX notation when con).15 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .001
(rting to Quoted-Printable to).15 F .977(include those that don')122
575.4 R 3.478(tm)-.18 G .978(ap cleanly between ASCII and EBCDIC.)-3.478
F .978(Useful if you ha)5.978 F 1.278 -.15(ve I)-.2 H(BM).15 E
(mainframes on site.)122 587.4 Q 15(5I)102 603.6 S 2.717(fn)-15 G 2.717
(oa)-2.717 G .217(liases are found for this address, pass the address through ruleset 5 for possible alternate)
-2.717 F 2.5(resolution. This)122 615.6 R(is intended to forw)2.5 E
(ard the mail to an alternate deli)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry spot.).15 E
15(7S)102 631.8 S 1.14(trip all output to se)-15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.64
(nb).15 G 3.64(its. This)-3.64 F 1.14(is the def)3.64 F 1.141
(ault if the)-.1 F F0(L)3.641 E F1 1.141(\215ag is set.)3.641 F 1.141
(Note that clearing this)6.141 F .295(option is not suf)122 643.8 R .295
(\214cient to get full eight bit data passed through)-.25 F F2(sendmail)
2.795 E F1 5.295(.I)C 2.795(ft)-5.295 G(he)-2.795 E F0(7)2.795 E F1 .295
(option is set,)2.795 F .716(this is essentially al)122 655.8 R -.1(wa)
-.1 G .717(ys set, since the eighth bit w).1 F .717
(as stripped on input.)-.1 F .717(Note that this option)5.717 F
(will only impact messages that didn')122 667.8 Q 2.5(th)-.18 G -2.25
-.2(av e)-2.5 H(8)2.7 E/F3 10/Symbol SF<ae>A F1 2.5(7b)C(it MIME con)
-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.4 G(rsions performed.).15 E 15(8I)102 684 S 3.783(fs)
-15 G 1.283(et, it is acceptable to send eight bit data to this mailer; the usual attempt to do 8)
-3.783 F F3<ae>A F1 3.782(7b)C(it)-3.782 E(MIME con)122 696 Q -.15(ve)
-.4 G(rsions will be bypassed.).15 E 15(9I)102 712.2 S 2.704(fs)-15 G
.204(et, do)-2.704 F F2(limited)2.704 E F1(7)2.704 E F3<ae>A F1 2.704
(8b)C .204(it MIME con)-2.704 F -.15(ve)-.4 G 2.704(rsions. These).15 F
(con)2.704 E -.15(ve)-.4 G .205(rsions are limited to te).15 F .205
(xt/plain data.)-.15 F EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-40 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 17.22(:C)
102 96 S .982(heck addresses to see if the)-17.22 F 3.482(yb)-.15 G -.15
(eg)-3.482 G .982(in \231:include:\232; if the).15 F 3.482(yd)-.15 G
.982(o, con)-3.482 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .982
(rt them to the \231*include*\232).15 F(mailer)122 108 Q(.)-.55 E 18(|C)
102 124.2 S(heck addresses to see if the)-18 E 2.5(yb)-.15 G -.15(eg)
-2.5 G(in with a `|'; if the).15 E 2.5(yd)-.15 G(o, con)-2.5 E -.15(ve)
-.4 G(rt them to the \231prog\232 mailer).15 E(.)-.55 E 17.22(/C)102
140.4 S(heck addresses to see if the)-17.22 E 2.5(yb)-.15 G -.15(eg)-2.5
G(in with a `/'; if the).15 E 2.5(yd)-.15 G(o, con)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.4 G
(rt them to the \231*\214le*\232 mailer).15 E(.)-.55 E 10.79(@L)102
156.6 S(ook up addresses in the user database.)-10.79 E .267
(Con\214guration \214les prior to le)127 172.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.768
(l6a).15 G .268(ssume the `)-2.768 F -1.11(A')-.8 G 2.768(,`)1.11 G .268
(w', `5', `:', `|', `/', and `@' options on the)-2.768 F
(mailer named \231local\232.)102 184.8 Q .306(The mailer with the special name \231error\232 can be used to generate a user error)
127 201 R 5.305(.T)-.55 G .305(he \(optional\))-5.305 F .323
(host \214eld is an e)102 213 R .323(xit status to be returned, and the user \214eld is a message to be printed.)
-.15 F .324(The e)5.324 F .324(xit sta-)-.15 F .891
(tus may be numeric or one of the v)102 225 R .891(alues USA)-.25 F .891
(GE, NOUSER, NOHOST)-.4 F 3.39(,U)-.74 G -.35(NA)-3.39 G -1.35(VA)-1 G
.89(ILABLE, SOFT)1.35 F(-)-.92 E -1.2(WA)102 237 S 1.141(RE, TEMPF)1.2 F
1.141(AIL, PR)-.74 F -1.88 -.4(OT O)-.4 H 1.141
(COL, or CONFIG to return the corresponding EX_ e).4 F 1.142
(xit code, or an)-.15 F .288
(enhanced error code as described in RFC 1893,)102 249 R/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF .288(Enhanced Mail System Status Codes.)2.788 F F1
-.15(Fo)5.287 G 2.787(re).15 G(xample,)-2.937 E(the entry:)102 261 Q
($#error $@ NOHOST $: Host unkno)142 277.2 Q(wn in this domain)-.25 E
.145(on the RHS of a rule will cause the speci\214ed error to be generated and the \231Host unkno)
102 293.4 R .146(wn\232 e)-.25 F .146(xit sta-)-.15 F .491
(tus to be returned if the LHS matches.)102 305.4 R .491
(This mailer is only functional in rulesets 0, 5, or one of the)5.491 F
(check_* rulesets.)102 317.4 Q .468(The mailer named \231local\232)127
333.6 R F2(must)2.968 E F1 .468(be de\214ned in e)2.968 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
.468(ry con\214guration \214le.).15 F .468(This is used to deli)5.468 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E .25(local mail, and is treated specially in se)
102 345.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .25(ral w).15 F 2.75(ays. Additionally)-.1 F
2.75(,t)-.65 G .25(hree other mailers named \231prog\232,)-2.75 F .942(\231*\214le*\232, and \231*include*\232 may be de\214ned to tune the deli)
102 357.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .942
(ry of messages to programs, \214les, and).15 F
(:include: lists respecti)102 369.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5(.T)-.65
G(he)-5 E 2.5(yd)-.15 G(ef)-2.5 E(ault to:)-.1 E
(Mprog, P=/bin/sh, F=lsD, A=sh \255c $u)142 385.8 Q(M*\214le*, P=/de)142
397.8 Q(v/null, F=lsDFMPEu, A=FILE)-.25 E(M*include*, P=/de)142 409.8 Q
(v/null, F=su, A=INCLUDE)-.25 E .616(The Sender and Recipient re)127
430.2 R .615
(writing sets may either be a simple ruleset id or may be tw)-.25 F
3.115(oi)-.1 G(ds)-3.115 E .575
(separated by a slash; if so, the \214rst re)102 442.2 R .576
(writing set is applied to en)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .576
(lope addresses and the second is).15 F(applied to headers.)102 454.2 Q
.197
(The Directory is actually a colon-separated path of directories to try)
127 470.4 R 5.196(.F)-.65 G .196(or e)-5.346 F .196
(xample, the de\214ni-)-.15 F .104
(tion \231D=$z:/\232 \214rst tries to e)102 482.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .104
(cute in the recipient').15 F 2.604(sh)-.55 G .104
(ome directory; if that is not a)-2.604 F -.25(va)-.2 G .104
(ilable, it tries to).25 F -.15(exe)102 494.4 S .816
(cute in the root of the \214lesystem.).15 F .816
(This is intended to be used only on the \231prog\232 mailer)5.816 F
3.316(,s)-.4 G(ince)-3.316 E .367(some shells \(such as)102 506.4 R F2
(csh)2.867 E F1 2.867(\)r)C .367(efuse to e)-2.867 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .368
(cute if the).15 F 2.868(yc)-.15 G .368(annot read the home directory)
-2.868 F 5.368(.S)-.65 G .368(ince the queue)-5.368 F
(directory is not normally readable by unpri)102 518.4 Q(vile)-.25 E
(ged users)-.15 E F2(csh)2.5 E F1(scripts as recipients can f)2.5 E
(ail.)-.1 E 1.863(The Userid speci\214es the def)127 534.6 R 1.863
(ault user and group id to run as, o)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.862
(rriding the).15 F F0(DefaultUser)4.362 E F1 .286(option \(q.v)102 546.6
R 2.786(.\). If)-.65 F(the)2.786 E F0(S)2.786 E F1 .287(mailer \215ag is also speci\214ed, this is the user and group to run as in all circum-)
2.786 F 2.588(stances. This)102 558.6 R .088(may be gi)2.588 F -.15(ve)
-.25 G 2.588(na).15 G(s)-2.588 E F2(user:gr)2.588 E(oup)-.45 E F1 .088
(to set both the user and group id; either may be an inte)2.588 F(ger)
-.15 E .541(or a symbolic name to be look)102 570.6 R .541(ed up in the)
-.1 F F2(passwd)3.041 E F1(and)3.041 E F2(gr)3.041 E(oup)-.45 E F1 .541
(\214les respecti)3.041 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.541(.I)-.65 G 3.041
(fo)-5.541 G .542(nly a symbolic)-3.041 F
(user name is speci\214ed, the group id in the)102 582.6 Q F2(passwd)2.5
E F1(\214le for that user is used as the group id.)2.5 E .545
(The Charset \214eld is used when con)127 598.8 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .545
(rting a message to MIME; this is the character set used).15 F .465
(in the Content-T)102 610.8 R .465(ype: header)-.8 F 5.465(.I)-.55 G
2.965(ft)-5.465 G .465(his is not set, the)-2.965 F F0(DefaultCharset)
2.966 E F1 .466(option is used, and if that is not)2.966 F .258
(set, the v)102 622.8 R .258(alue \231unkno)-.25 F .258
(wn-8bit\232 is used.)-.25 F F0 -1.2(WA)5.257 G(RNING:)1.2 E F1 .257
(this \214eld applies to the sender')2.757 F 2.757(sm)-.55 G(ailer)
-2.757 E 2.757(,n)-.4 G .257(ot the)-2.757 F(recipient')102 634.8 Q
2.701(sm)-.55 G(ailer)-2.701 E 5.201(.F)-.55 G .201(or e)-5.351 F .201
(xample, if the en)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .202
(lope sender address lists an address on the local netw).15 F(ork)-.1 E
.48(and the recipient is on an e)102 646.8 R .48(xternal netw)-.15 F .48
(ork, the character set will be set from the Charset= \214eld for)-.1 F
(the local netw)102 658.8 Q(ork mailer)-.1 E 2.5(,n)-.4 G
(ot that of the e)-2.5 E(xternal netw)-.15 E(ork mailer)-.1 E(.)-.55 E
.794(The T)127 675 R .795(ype= \214eld sets the type information used in MIME error messages as de\214ned by RFC)
-.8 F 2.805(1894. It)102 687 R .305(is actually three v)2.805 F .305
(alues separated by slashes: the MT)-.25 F .305
(A-type \(that is, the description of ho)-.93 F(w)-.25 E .083(hosts are named\), the address type \(the description of e-mail addresses\), and the diagnostic type \(the)
102 699 R .143(description of error diagnostic codes\).)102 711 R .143
(Each of these must be a re)5.143 F .142(gistered v)-.15 F .142
(alue or be)-.25 F .142(gin with \231X\255\232.)-.15 F(The def)102 723 Q
(ault is \231dns/rfc822/smtp\232.)-.1 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-41)195.86 E 2.5(5.5. H)87 96 R 2.5<8a44>2.5 G(e\214ne Header)
-2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.135(The format of the header lines that)
127 112.2 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.636 E F1 1.136
(inserts into the message are de\214ned by the)3.636 F F0(H)3.636 E F1
2.5(line. The)102 124.2 R(syntax of this line is:)2.5 E F0(H)142 140.4 Q
F1([)A F0(?)A F2(m\215a)A(gs)-.1 E F0(?)A F1(])A F2(hname)A F0(:)A F2
(htemplate)2.5 E F1 1.058(Continuation lines in this spec are re\215ected directly into the outgoing message.)
102 156.6 R(The)6.058 E F2(htemplate)3.557 E F1(is)3.557 E 1.097
(macro e)102 168.6 R 1.097(xpanded before insertion into the message.)
-.15 F 1.098(If the)6.098 F F2(m\215a)3.598 E(gs)-.1 E F1 1.098
(\(surrounded by question marks\))3.598 F .161(are speci\214ed, at least one of the speci\214ed \215ags must be stated in the mailer de\214nition for this header)
102 180.6 R .191(to be automatically output.)102 192.6 R .192(If one of these headers is in the input it is re\215ected to the output re)
5.191 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(rd-).05 E(less of these \215ags.)102 204.6 Q
(Some headers ha)127 220.8 Q .3 -.15(ve s)-.2 H
(pecial semantics that will be described later).15 E(.)-.55 E F0 2.5
(5.6. O)87 244.8 R 2.5<8a53>2.5 G(et Option)-2.5 E F1 .963(There are a number of global options that can be set from a con\214guration \214le.)
127 261 R .962(Options are)5.962 F .86(represented by full w)102 273 R
.86(ords; some are also representable as single characters for back compatibility)
-.1 F(.)-.65 E(The syntax of this line is:)102 285 Q F0(O)142 301.2 Q F2
(option)7.5 E F0(=)A F2(value)A F1 .563(This sets option)102 317.4 R F2
(option)3.062 E F1 .562(to be)3.062 F F2(value)3.062 E F1 5.562(.N)C
.562(ote that there)-5.562 F F2(must)3.062 E F1 .562
(be a space between the letter `O' and the)3.062 F(name of the option.)
102 329.4 Q(An older v)5 E(ersion is:)-.15 E F0(O)142 345.6 Q F2 1.666
(ov)C(alue)-1.666 E F1 .13(where the option)102 361.8 R F2(o)2.63 E F1
.13(is a single character)2.63 F 5.13(.D)-.55 G .13
(epending on the option,)-5.13 F F2(value)2.63 E F1 .13
(may be a string, an inte)2.63 F(ger)-.15 E(,)-.4 E 2.5(ab)102 373.8 S
(oolean \(with le)-2.5 E -.05(ga)-.15 G 2.5(lv).05 G
(alues \231t\232, \231T\232, \231f\232, or \231F\232; the def)-2.75 E
(ault is TR)-.1 E(UE\), or a time interv)-.4 E(al.)-.25 E
(The options supported \(with the old, one character names in brack)127
390 Q(ets\) are:)-.1 E(AliasFile=)102 406.2 Q F2(spec, spec, ...)A F1
.44([A] Specify possible alias \214le\(s\).)174 418.2 R(Each)5.439 E F2
(spec)2.939 E F1 .439(should be in the format `)2.939 F(`)-.74 E F2
(class)A F0(:)A F2(\214le)2.939 E F1 -.74('')C(where)174 430.2 Q F2
(class)3.099 E F0(:)A F1 .599(is optional and def)3.099 F .599
(aults to `)-.1 F(`implicit')-.74 E 3.099('. Depending)-.74 F .599
(on ho)3.099 F(w)-.25 E F2(sendmail)3.1 E F1 .187(is compiled, v)174
442.2 R .187(alid classes are \231implicit\232 \(search through a compiled-in list of alias)
-.25 F 2.055(\214le types, for back compatibility\), \231hash\232 \(if)
174 454.2 R/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(NEWDB)4.555 E F1 2.055
(is speci\214ed\), \231dbm\232 \(if)4.555 F F3(NDBM)174 466.2 Q F1 1.588
(is speci\214ed\), \231stab\232 \(internal symbol table \212 not normally used unless)
4.089 F .074(you ha)174 478.2 R .374 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.574(oo).15 G .074
(ther database lookup\), or \231nis\232 \(if)-2.574 F F3(NIS)2.574 E F1
.075(is speci\214ed\).)2.575 F .075(If a list of)5.075 F F2(spec)2.575 E
F1(s)A(are pro)174 490.2 Q(vided,)-.15 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1
(searches them in order)2.5 E(.)-.55 E(AliasW)102 506.4 Q(ait=)-.8 E F2
(timeout)A F1 .141([a] If set, w)174 518.4 R .141(ait up to)-.1 F F2
(timeout)2.641 E F1 .141(\(units def)2.641 F .14
(ault to minutes\) for an \231@:@\232 entry to e)-.1 F(xist)-.15 E .517
(in the alias database before starting up.)174 530.4 R .517
(If it does not appear in the)5.517 F F2(timeout)3.018 E F1(inter)3.018
E(-)-.2 E -.25(va)174 542.4 S 3.21(lr).25 G(eb)-3.21 E .71
(uild the database \(if the)-.2 F F0 -.5(Au)3.21 G(toReb).5 E
(uildAliases)-.2 E F1 .71(option is also set\) or issue a)3.21 F -.1(wa)
174 554.4 S(rning.).1 E(Allo)102 570.6 Q(wBogusHELO)-.25 E 1.104
([no short name] If set, allo)174 582.6 R 3.604(wH)-.25 G 1.104
(ELO SMTP commands that don')-3.604 F 3.604(ti)-.18 G 1.104
(nclude a host)-3.604 F 2.882(name. Setting)174 594.6 R .382
(this violates RFC 1123 section 5.2.5, b)2.882 F .381
(ut is necessary to interoper)-.2 F(-)-.2 E .06(ate with se)174 606.6 R
-.15(ve)-.25 G .06(ral SMTP clients.).15 F .061(If there is a v)5.06 F
.061(alue, it is still check)-.25 F .061(ed for le)-.1 F(gitimac)-.15 E
-.65(y.)-.15 G(AutoReb)102 622.8 Q(uildAliases)-.2 E .128
([D] If set, reb)174 634.8 R .128
(uild the alias database if necessary and possible.)-.2 F .128
(If this option is not)5.128 F(set,)174 646.8 Q F2(sendmail)4.885 E F1
2.385(will ne)4.885 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.885(rr).15 G(eb)-4.885 E 2.385
(uild the alias database unless e)-.2 F 2.385(xplicitly requested)-.15 F
(using)174 658.8 Q F0(\255bi)2.5 E F1 5(.N)C
(ot recommended \212 can cause thrashing.)-5 E(BlankSub=)102 675 Q F2(c)
A F1 1.255([B] Set the blank substitution character to)22.47 F F2(c)
3.755 E F1 6.255(.U)C 1.255(nquoted spaces in addresses are)-6.255 F
(replaced by this character)174 687 Q 5(.D)-.55 G(ef)-5 E
(aults to space \(i.e., no change is made\).)-.1 E 14.51
(CheckAliases [n])102 703.2 R -1.11(Va)2.5 G
(lidate the RHS of aliases when reb)1.11 E(uilding the alias database.)
-.2 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-42 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(CheckpointInterv)102 96 Q(al=)-.25 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(N)A F1
1.296([C] Checkpoints the queue e)174 108 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E F2
(N)3.797 E F1(\(def)3.797 E 1.297(ault 10\) addresses sent.)-.1 F 1.297
(If your system)6.297 F .747(crashes during deli)174 120 R -.15(ve)-.25
G .746(ry to a lar).15 F .746(ge list, this pre)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
.746(nts retransmission to an).15 F 3.246(yb)-.15 G .746(ut the)-3.446 F
(last recipients.)174 132 Q(ClassF)102 148.2 Q(actor=)-.15 E F2(fact)A
F1 1.624([z] The indicated)4.29 F F2(fact)4.124 E F1 1.624
(or is multiplied by the message class \(determined by the)B .719
(Precedence: \214eld in the user header and the)174 160.2 R F0(P)3.219 E
F1 .718(lines in the con\214guration \214le\) and)3.218 F 2.637
(subtracted from the priority)174 172.2 R 7.637(.T)-.65 G 2.637
(hus, messages with a higher Priority: will be)-7.637 F -.1(fa)174 184.2
S -.2(vo)-.1 G 2.5(red. Def).2 F(aults to 1800.)-.1 E 3.95
(ColonOkInAddr [no)102 200.4 R 4.679
(short name] If set, colons are acceptable in e-mail addresses \(e.g.,)
7.18 F 3.54(\231host:user\232\). If)174 212.4 R 1.04
(not set, colons indicate the be)3.54 F 1.04
(ginning of a RFC 822 group con-)-.15 F 1.988
(struct \(\231groupname: member1, member2, ... memberN;\232\).)174 224.4
R 1.987(Doubled colons are)6.987 F(al)174 236.4 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G 2.215(ys acceptable \(\231nodename::user\232\) and proper route-addr nesting is under)
.1 F(-)-.2 E 1.037(stood \(\231<@relay:user@host>\232\).)174 248.4 R
1.037(Furthermore, this option def)6.037 F 1.036(aults on if the con-)
-.1 F .853(\214guration v)174 260.4 R .853(ersion le)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25
G 3.353(li).15 G 3.353(sl)-3.353 G .853
(ess than 6 \(for back compatibility\).)-3.353 F(Ho)5.854 E(we)-.25 E
-.15(ve)-.25 G 1.654 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.354(tm).4 G(ust)-3.354 E(be of)174
272.4 Q 2.5(ff)-.25 G(or full compatibility with RFC 822.)-2.5 E
(ConnectionCacheSize=)102 288.6 Q F2(N)A F1 .242([k] The maximum number of open connections that will be cached at a time.)
174 300.6 R(The)5.242 E(def)174 312.6 Q .385(ault is one.)-.1 F .386
(This delays closing the current connection until either this in)5.386 F
-.2(vo)-.4 G(ca-).2 E 1.192(tion of)174 324.6 R F2(sendmail)3.692 E F1
1.191(needs to connect to another host or it terminates.)3.692 F 1.191
(Setting it to)6.191 F 2.046(zero def)174 336.6 R 2.046
(aults to the old beha)-.1 F(vior)-.2 E 4.546(,t)-.4 G 2.047
(hat is, connections are closed immediately)-4.546 F(.)-.65 E .266(Since this consumes \214le descriptors, the connection cache should be k)
174 348.6 R .265(ept small: 4)-.1 F(is probably a practical maximum.)174
360.6 Q(ConnectionCacheT)102 376.8 Q(imeout=)-.35 E F2(timeout)A F1 .708
([K] The maximum amount of time a cached connection will be permitted to idle)
174 388.8 R 1.083(without acti)174 400.8 R(vity)-.25 E 6.083(.I)-.65 G
3.583(ft)-6.083 G 1.083(his time is e)-3.583 F 1.082
(xceeded, the connection is immediately closed.)-.15 F .417(This v)174
412.8 R .418(alue should be small \(on the order of ten minutes\).)-.25
F(Before)5.418 E F2(sendmail)2.918 E F1 .418(uses a)2.918 F .508
(cached connection, it al)174 424.8 R -.1(wa)-.1 G .507
(ys sends a RSET command to check the connection; if).1 F .401(this f)
174 436.8 R .401(ails, it reopens the connection.)-.1 F .401(This k)
5.401 F .402(eeps your end from f)-.1 F .402(ailing if the other)-.1 F
1.545(end times out.)174 448.8 R 1.545
(The point of this option is to be a good netw)6.545 F 1.544
(ork neighbor and)-.1 F -.2(avo)174 460.8 S(id using up e).2 E(xcessi)
-.15 E .3 -.15(ve r)-.25 H(esources on the other end.).15 E(The def)5 E
(ault is \214v)-.1 E 2.5(em)-.15 G(inutes.)-2.5 E
(ConnectionRateThrottle=)102 477 Q F2(N)A F1 .21
([no short name] If set to a positi)174 489 R .511 -.15(ve v)-.25 H .211
(alue, allo)-.1 F 2.711(wn)-.25 G 2.711(om)-2.711 G .211(ore than)-2.711
F F2(N)2.711 E F1 .211(incoming daemon)2.711 F 1.776
(connections in a one second period.)174 501 R 1.776
(This is intended to \215atten out peaks and)6.776 F(allo)174 513 Q 2.5
(wt)-.25 G(he load a)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(rage checking to cut in.).15 E
(Def)5 E(aults to zero \(no limits\).)-.1 E(DaemonPortOptions=)102 529.2
Q F2(options)A F1([O] Set serv)174 541.2 Q(er SMTP options.)-.15 E
(The options are)5 E F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(y=value)-.2 E F1 2.5(pairs. Kno)2.5
F(wn k)-.25 E -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.5(sa).15 G(re:)-2.5 E 52.83
(Port Name/number)214 557.4 R(of listening port \(def)2.5 E
(aults to "smtp"\))-.1 E 48.95(Addr Address)214 569.4 R(mask \(def)2.5 E
(aults IN)-.1 E(ADDR_ANY\))-.35 E -.15(Fa)214 581.4 S 41.31
(mily Address).15 F -.1(fa)2.5 G(mily \(def).1 E(aults to INET\))-.1 E
44.5(Listen Size)214 593.4 R(of listen queue \(def)2.5 E(aults to 10\))
-.1 E 21.72(SndBufSize Size)214 605.4 R(of TCP send b)2.5 E(uf)-.2 E
(fer)-.25 E 21.17(RcvBufSize Size)214 617.4 R(of TCP recei)2.5 E .3 -.15
(ve b)-.25 H(uf)-.05 E(fer)-.25 E(The)174 633.6 Q F2(Addr)2.5 E F1
(ess mask may be a numeric address in dot notation or a netw)A
(ork name.)-.1 E(Def)102 649.8 Q(aultCharSet=)-.1 E F2 -.15(ch)C(ar).15
E(set)-.1 E F1 .16
([no short name] When a message that has 8-bit characters b)174 661.8 R
.161(ut is not in MIME for)-.2 F(-)-.2 E .495(mat is con)174 673.8 R
-.15(ve)-.4 G .495
(rted to MIME \(see the EightBitMode option\) a character set must be)
.15 F .487(included in the Content-T)174 685.8 R .487(ype: header)-.8 F
5.487(.T)-.55 G .488(his character set is normally set from the)-5.487 F
.133(Charset= \214eld of the mailer descriptor)174 697.8 R 5.133(.I)-.55
G 2.633(ft)-5.133 G .133(hat is not set, the v)-2.633 F .133
(alue of this option is)-.25 F 2.5(used. If)174 709.8 R
(this option is not set, the v)2.5 E(alue \231unkno)-.25 E
(wn-8bit\232 is used.)-.25 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-43)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(Def)102 96 Q(aultUser=)-.1 E
/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(user:gr)A(oup)-.45 E F1 .013([u] Set the def)
174 108 R .013(ault userid for mailers to)-.1 F F2(user:gr)2.513 E(oup)
-.45 E F1 5.013(.I)C(f)-5.013 E F2(gr)2.513 E(oup)-.45 E F1 .014
(is omitted and)2.514 F F2(user)2.514 E F1(is)2.514 E 4.307(au)174 120 S
1.807(ser name \(as opposed to a numeric user id\) the def)-4.307 F
1.806(ault group listed in the)-.1 F 1.153
(/etc/passwd \214le for that user is used as the def)174 132 R 1.153
(ault group.)-.1 F(Both)6.153 E F2(user)3.653 E F1(and)3.653 E F2(gr)
3.653 E(oup)-.45 E F1 1.153(may be numeric.)174 144 R 1.152
(Mailers without the)6.152 F F2(S)3.652 E F1 1.152
(\215ag in the mailer de\214nition will run as)3.652 F .142(this user)
174 158 R 5.142(.D)-.55 G(ef)-5.142 E .142(aults to 1:1.)-.1 F .142
(The v)5.142 F .142(alue can also be gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.642(na)
.15 G 2.642(sas)-2.642 G .142(ymbolic user name.)-2.642 F/F3 7
/Times-Roman@0 SF(19)-4 I F1(Deli)102 174.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ryMode=).15
E F2(x)A F1([d] Deli)4 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G 2.5(nm)-2.5 G(ode)
-2.5 E F2(x)2.5 E F1 5(.L)C -2.25 -.15(eg a)-5 H 2.5(lm).15 G(odes are:)
-2.5 E 17.22(iD)214 190.4 S(eli)-17.22 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G
(nteracti)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly \(synchronously\)).15 E 15(bD)214
202.4 S(eli)-15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G 2.5(nb)-2.5 G
(ackground \(asynchronously\))-2.5 E 15(qJ)214 214.4 S
(ust queue the message \(deli)-15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rd).15 G
(uring queue run\))-2.5 E 15(dD)214 226.4 S(efer deli)-15 E -.15(ve)-.25
G(ry and all map lookups \(deli).15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rd).15 G
(uring queue run\))-2.5 E(Def)174 242.6 Q .712(aults to `)-.1 F(`b')-.74
E 3.212('i)-.74 G 3.212(fn)-3.212 G 3.211(oo)-3.212 G .711
(ption is speci\214ed, `)-3.211 F(`i')-.74 E 3.211('i)-.74 G 3.211(fi)
-3.211 G 3.211(ti)-3.211 G 3.211(ss)-3.211 G .711(peci\214ed b)-3.211 F
.711(ut gi)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.211(nn).15 G 3.211(oa)-3.211 G -.18
(rg)-3.211 G(u-).18 E .094(ment \(i.e., `)174 254.6 R(`Od')-.74 E 2.594
('i)-.74 G 2.594(se)-2.594 G(qui)-2.594 E -.25(va)-.25 G .094(lent to `)
.25 F(`Odi')-.74 E 2.594('\). The)-.74 F F0<ad76>2.594 E F1 .094
(command line \215ag sets this to)2.594 F F0(i)2.594 E F1(.)A
(DialDelay=)102 270.8 Q F2(sleeptime)A F1 .799
([no short name] Dial-on-demand netw)174 282.8 R .798
(ork connections can see timeouts if a con-)-.1 F .665
(nection is opened before the call is set up.)174 294.8 R .665
(If this is set to an interv)5.665 F .665(al and a con-)-.25 F .743
(nection times out on the \214rst connection being attempted)174 306.8 R
F2(sendmail)3.242 E F1 .742(will sleep for)3.242 F .31
(this amount of time and try ag)174 318.8 R 2.81(ain. This)-.05 F .31
(should gi)2.81 F .61 -.15(ve y)-.25 H .31(our system time to establish)
.15 F 1.543(the connection to your service pro)174 330.8 R(vider)-.15 E
6.543(.U)-.55 G 1.543(nits def)-6.543 F 1.542
(ault to seconds, so \231DialDe-)-.1 F(lay=5\232 uses a \214v)174 342.8
Q 2.5(es)-.15 G(econd delay)-2.5 E 5(.D)-.65 G(ef)-5 E
(aults to zero \(no retry\).)-.1 E(DontExpandCnames)102 359 Q .559([no short name] The standards say that all host addresses used in a mail message)
174 371 R 1.408(must be fully canonical.)174 383 R -.15(Fo)6.407 G 3.907
(re).15 G 1.407(xample, if your host is named \231Cruft.F)-4.057 F
(oo.ORG\232)-.15 E 1.462(and also has an alias of \231FTP)174 395 R(.F)
-1.11 E 1.462(oo.ORG\232, the former name must be used at all)-.15 F
2.631(times. This)174 407 R .131
(is enforced during host name canoni\214cation \($[ ... $] lookups\).)
2.631 F .13(If this)5.13 F .661(option is set, the protocols are ignored and the \231wrong\232 thing is done.)
174 419 R(Ho)5.662 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -.4(r,).15 G .455
(the IETF is mo)174 431 R .455(ving to)-.15 F -.1(wa)-.25 G .455
(rd changing this standard, so the beha).1 F .455(viour may become)-.2 F
3.009(acceptable. Please)174 443 R .509(note that hosts do)3.009 F .509
(wnstream may still re)-.25 F .509(write the address to be)-.25 F
(the true canonical name ho)174 455 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -.55(r.)
.15 G 6.17(DontInitGroups [no)102 471.2 R .25(short name] If set,)2.75 F
F2(sendmail)2.75 E F1 .25(will a)2.75 F -.2(vo)-.2 G .25
(id using the initgroups\(3\) call.).2 F .25(If you are)5.25 F .583(running NIS, this causes a sequential scan of the groups.byname map, which can)
174 483.2 R .436(cause your NIS serv)174 495.2 R .436(er to be badly o)
-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .435(rloaded in a lar).15 F .435(ge domain.)-.18 F
.435(The cost of this)5.435 F .697(is that the only group found for users will be their primary group \(the one in the)
174 507.2 R(passw)174 519.2 Q 1.189(ord \214le\), which will mak)-.1 F
3.689<658c>-.1 G 1.189(le access permissions some)-3.689 F 1.189
(what more restric-)-.25 F(ti)174 531.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 5(.H).15 G
(as no ef)-5 E(fect on systems that don')-.25 E 2.5(th)-.18 G -2.25 -.2
(av e)-2.5 H(group lists.)2.7 E -1.61(DontPruneRoutes [R])102 547.4 R
(Normally)3.905 E(,)-.65 E F2(sendmail)3.905 E F1 1.405
(tries to eliminate an)3.905 F 3.905(yu)-.15 G 1.405(nnecessary e)-3.905
F 1.405(xplicit routes when)-.15 F .155
(sending an error message \(as discussed in RFC 1123 \247 5.2.6\).)174
559.4 R -.15(Fo)5.154 G 2.654(re).15 G .154(xample, when)-2.804 F
(sending an error message to)174 571.4 Q(<@kno)214 587.6 Q(wn1,@kno)-.25
E(wn2,@kno)-.25 E(wn3:user@unkno)-.25 E(wn>)-.25 E F2(sendmail)174 603.8
Q F1 1.155(will strip of)3.655 F 3.655(ft)-.25 G 1.155(he \231@kno)
-3.655 F(wn1,@kno)-.25 E 1.155(wn2\232 in order to mak)-.25 F 3.655(et)
-.1 G 1.155(he route as)-3.655 F .813(direct as possible.)174 615.8 R
(Ho)5.813 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.613 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.313(ft).4 G
(he)-3.313 E F0(R)3.313 E F1 .812
(option is set, this will be disabled, and the)3.313 F .009
(mail will be sent to the \214rst address in the route, e)174 627.8 R
-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.51(ni).15 G 2.51(fl)-2.51 G .01(ater addresses are kno)
-2.51 F(wn.)-.25 E(This may be useful if you are caught behind a \214re)
174 639.8 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(ll.).1 E(DoubleBounceAddress=)102 656 Q F2
(err)A(or)-.45 E(-addr)-.2 E(ess)-.37 E F1 .504([no short name] If an error occurs when sending an error message, send the error)
174 668 R 1.999(report \(termed a \231double bounce\232 because it is an error \231bounce\232 that occurs)
174 680 R .32 LW 76 689.6 72 689.6 DL 80 689.6 76 689.6 DL 84 689.6 80
689.6 DL 88 689.6 84 689.6 DL 92 689.6 88 689.6 DL 96 689.6 92 689.6 DL
100 689.6 96 689.6 DL 104 689.6 100 689.6 DL 108 689.6 104 689.6 DL 112
689.6 108 689.6 DL 116 689.6 112 689.6 DL 120 689.6 116 689.6 DL 124
689.6 120 689.6 DL 128 689.6 124 689.6 DL 132 689.6 128 689.6 DL 136
689.6 132 689.6 DL 140 689.6 136 689.6 DL 144 689.6 140 689.6 DL 148
689.6 144 689.6 DL 152 689.6 148 689.6 DL 156 689.6 152 689.6 DL 160
689.6 156 689.6 DL 164 689.6 160 689.6 DL 168 689.6 164 689.6 DL 172
689.6 168 689.6 DL 176 689.6 172 689.6 DL 180 689.6 176 689.6 DL 184
689.6 180 689.6 DL 188 689.6 184 689.6 DL 192 689.6 188 689.6 DL 196
689.6 192 689.6 DL 200 689.6 196 689.6 DL 204 689.6 200 689.6 DL 208
689.6 204 689.6 DL 212 689.6 208 689.6 DL 216 689.6 212 689.6 DL/F4 5
/Times-Roman@0 SF(19)93.6 700 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(The old)3.2 I/F6 8
/Times-Bold@0 SF(g)2 E F5(option has been combined into the)2 E F6
(DefaultUser)2 E F5(option.)2 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-44 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .818(when trying to send another error \231bounce\232\) to the indicated address.)
174 96 R .817(If not set,)5.817 F(def)174 108 Q
(aults to \231postmaster\232.)-.1 E(EightBitMode=)102 124.2 Q/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(action)A F1 1.955
([8] Set handling of eight-bit data.)174 136.2 R 1.955(There are tw)
6.955 F 4.456(ok)-.1 G 1.956(inds of eight-bit data: that)-4.456 F 3.335
(declared as such using the)174 148.2 R F0(BOD)5.834 E(Y=8BITMIME)-.4 E
F1 3.334(ESMTP declaration or the)5.834 F F0(\255B8BITMIME)174 160.2 Q
F1 .948
(command line \215ag, and undeclared 8-bit data, that is, input that)
3.448 F 1.18(just happens to be eight bits.)174 172.2 R 1.18
(There are three basic operations that can happen:)6.18 F .995
(undeclared 8-bit data can be automatically con)174 184.2 R -.15(ve)-.4
G .996(rted to 8BITMIME, undeclared).15 F .887
(8-bit data can be passed as-is without con)174 196.2 R -.15(ve)-.4 G
.887(rsion to MIME \(`).15 F .887(`just send 8')-.74 F .886('\), and)
-.74 F 1.794(declared 8-bit data can be con)174 208.2 R -.15(ve)-.4 G
1.794(rted to 7-bits for transmission to a non-8BIT).15 F(-)-.92 E
(MIME mailer)174 220.2 Q 5(.T)-.55 G(he possible)-5 E F2(action)2.5 E F1
2.5(sa)C(re:)-2.5 E 11.11(sR)219 236.4 S
(eject undeclared 8-bit data \(`)-11.11 E(`strict')-.74 E('\))-.74 E
7.22(mC)219 248.4 S(on)-7.22 E -.15(ve)-.4 G
(rt undeclared 8-bit data to MIME \(`).15 E(`mime')-.74 E('\))-.74 E 10
(pP)219 260.4 S(ass undeclared 8-bit data \(`)-10.15 E(`pass')-.74 E
('\))-.74 E 2.228
(In all cases properly declared 8BITMIME data will be con)174 276.6 R
-.15(ve)-.4 G 2.227(rted to 7BIT as).15 F(needed.)174 288.6 Q
(ErrorHeader=)102 304.8 Q F2(\214le-or)A(-messa)-.2 E -.1(ge)-.1 G F1
.486([E] Prepend error messages with the indicated message.)174 316.8 R
.486(If it be)5.486 F .487(gins with a slash,)-.15 F .246(it is assumed to be the pathname of a \214le containing a message \(this is the recom-)
174 328.8 R .86(mended setting\).)174 340.8 R .86
(Otherwise, it is a literal message.)5.86 F .86
(The error \214le might contain)5.86 F 1.116(the name, email address, and/or phone number of a local postmaster who could)
174 352.8 R(pro)174 364.8 Q .173(vide assistance in to end users.)-.15 F
.174(If the option is missing or null, or if it names a)5.173 F
(\214le which does not e)174 376.8 Q
(xist or which is not readable, no message is printed.)-.15 E
(ErrorMode=)102 393 Q F2(x)A F1([e] Dispose of errors using mode)17.49 E
F2(x)2.5 E F1 5(.T)C(he v)-5 E(alues for)-.25 E F2(x)2.5 E F1(are:)2.5 E
15(pP)214 409.2 S(rint error messages \(def)-15 E(ault\))-.1 E 15(qN)214
421.2 S 2.5(om)-15 G(essages, just gi)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve ex)-.25 H
(it status).15 E 12.22(mM)214 433.2 S(ail back errors)-12.22 E 12.78(wW)
214 445.2 S(rite back errors \(mail if user not logged in\))-12.78 E
15.56(eM)214 457.2 S(ail back errors and gi)-15.56 E .3 -.15(ve z)-.25 H
(ero e).15 E(xit stat al)-.15 E -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys).1 E -.15(Fa)102 477.6 S
(llbackMXhost=).15 E F2(fallbac)A(khost)-.2 E F1 .797
([V] If speci\214ed, the)174 489.6 R F2(fallbac)3.297 E(khost)-.2 E F1
.797(acts lik)3.297 F 3.296(eav)-.1 G .796(ery lo)-3.446 F 3.296(wp)-.25
G .796(riority MX on e)-3.296 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .796(ry host.).15 F
(This is intended to be used by sites with poor netw)174 501.6 Q
(ork connecti)-.1 E(vity)-.25 E(.)-.65 E -.15(Fo)102 517.8 S 16.88
(rkEachJob [Y]).15 F .707(If set, deli)3.207 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.207(re)
.15 G .708(ach job that is run from the queue in a separate process.)
-3.207 F(Use)5.708 E .275(this option if you are short of memory)174
529.8 R 2.774(,s)-.65 G .274(ince the def)-2.774 F .274
(ault tends to consume consid-)-.1 F
(erable amounts of memory while the queue is being processed.)174 541.8
Q -.15(Fo)102 558 S(rw).15 E(ardP)-.1 E(ath=)-.15 E F2(path)A F1 1.511
([J] Set the path for searching for users' .forw)174 570 R 1.512
(ard \214les.)-.1 F 1.512(The def)6.512 F 1.512(ault is \231$z/.for)-.1
F(-)-.2 E -.1(wa)174 582 S 5.8(rd\232. Some).1 F 3.299
(sites that use the automounter may prefer to change this to)5.8 F
(\231/v)174 594 Q(ar/forw)-.25 E 1.696(ard/$u\232 to search a \214le with the same name as the user in a system)
-.1 F(directory)174 606 Q 5.488(.I)-.65 G 2.988(tc)-5.488 G .488
(an also be set to a sequence of paths separated by colons;)-2.988 F F2
(sendmail)2.987 E F1 .831
(stops at the \214rst \214le it can successfully and safely open.)174
618 R -.15(Fo)5.831 G 3.331(re).15 G .831(xample, \231/v)-3.481 F
(ar/for)-.25 E(-)-.2 E -.1(wa)174 630 S(rd/$u:$z/.forw).1 E .277
(ard\232 will search \214rst in /v)-.1 F(ar/forw)-.25 E(ard/)-.1 E F2
(username)A F1 .276(and then in)2.777 F F2(~user)2.776 E(-)-.2 E(name)
174 642 Q F1(/.forw)A(ard \(b)-.1 E
(ut only if the \214rst \214le does not e)-.2 E(xist\).)-.15 E
(HelpFile=)102 658.2 Q F2(\214le)A F1
([H] Specify the help \214le for SMTP)19.14 E(.)-1.11 E(HoldExpensi)102
674.4 Q 8.54 -.15(ve [)-.25 H 1.393(c] If an outgoing mailer is mark).15
F 1.393(ed as being e)-.1 F(xpensi)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.894(,d).15 G
(on')-3.894 E 3.894(tc)-.18 G 1.394(onnect immedi-)-3.894 F(ately)174
686.4 Q 5.268(.T)-.65 G .268(his requires that queueing be compiled in, since it will depend on a queue)
-5.268 F(run process to actually send the mail.)174 698.4 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-45)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(HostsFile=)102 96 Q/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(path)A F1 .026([no short name] The path to the hosts database, normally \231/etc/hosts\232.)
10.24 F .026(This option)5.026 F 1.417(is only consulted when sendmail is canonifying addresses, and then only when)
174 108 R .783
(\231\214les\232 is in the \231hosts\232 service switch entry)174 120 R
5.784(.I)-.65 G 3.284(np)-5.784 G(articular)-3.284 E 3.284(,t)-.4 G .784
(his \214le is)-3.284 F F2(ne)3.284 E(ver)-.15 E F1(used)3.284 E .202(when looking up host addresses; that is under the control of the system)
174 132 R F2 -.1(ge)2.702 G(thostby-).1 E(name)174 144 Q F1
(\(3\) routine.)A(HostStatusDirectory=)102 160.2 Q F2(path)A F1 .43
([no short name] The location of the long term host status information.)
174 172.2 R .43(When set,)5.43 F 1.39
(information about the status of hosts \(e.g., host do)174 184.2 R 1.39
(wn or not accepting connec-)-.25 F .162
(tions\) will be shared between all)174 196.2 R F2(sendmail)2.663 E F1
.163(processes; normally)2.663 F 2.663(,t)-.65 G .163
(his information is)-2.663 F .123(only held within a single queue run.)
174 208.2 R .123(This option requires a connection cache of at)5.123 F
.688(least 1 to function.)174 220.2 R .688(If the option be)5.688 F .688
(gins with a leading `/', it is an absolute path-)-.15 F .617
(name; otherwise, it is relati)174 232.2 R .917 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 3.117
(ot).15 G .617(he mail queue directory)-3.117 F 5.617(.A)-.65 G .617
(suggested v)-2.5 F .616(alue for)-.25 F .558(sites desiring persistent host status is \231.hoststat\232 \(i.e., a subdirectory of the queue)
174 244.2 R(directory\).)174 256.2 Q 24.51(IgnoreDots [i])102 272.4 R
1.172(Ignore dots in incoming messages.)3.672 F 1.172(This is al)6.172 F
-.1(wa)-.1 G 1.171(ys disabled \(that is, dots are).1 F(al)174 284.4 Q
-.1(wa)-.1 G(ys accepted\) when reading SMTP mail.).1 E(LogLe)102 300.6
Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(l=).15 E F2(n)A F1([L] Set the def)22.88 E(ault log le)
-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(lt).15 G(o)-2.5 E F2(n)2.5 E F1 5(.D)C(ef)-5 E
(aults to 9.)-.1 E(M)102 316.8 Q F2 1.666(xv)C(alue)-1.666 E F1 .255
([no long v)35.344 F .255(ersion] Set the macro)-.15 F F2(x)2.755 E F1
(to)2.755 E F2(value)2.755 E F1 5.255(.T)C .255
(his is intended only for use from the)-5.255 F(command line.)174 328.8
Q(The)5 E F0<ad4d>2.5 E F1(\215ag is preferred.)2.5 E 11.17
(MatchGECOS [G])102 345 R(Allo)3.334 E 3.334(wf)-.25 G .834
(uzzy matching on the GECOS \214eld.)-3.334 F .833
(If this \215ag is set, and the usual)5.833 F .867(user name lookups f)
174 357 R .867(ail \(that is, there is no alias with this name and a)-.1
F F2 -.1(ge)3.368 G(tpwnam).1 E F1 -.1(fa)174 369 S 1.155
(ils\), sequentially search the passw).1 F 1.155
(ord \214le for a matching entry in the GECOS)-.1 F 3.696(\214eld. This)
174 381 R 1.196(also requires that MA)3.696 F 1.196
(TCHGECOS be turned on during compilation.)-1.11 F
(This option is not recommended.)174 393 Q(MaxDaemonChildren=)102 409.2
Q F2(N)A F1 .54([no short name] If set,)174 421.2 R F2(sendmail)3.039 E
F1 .539(will refuse connections when it has more than)3.039 F F2(N)3.039
E F1 1.086(children processing incoming mail.)174 433.2 R 1.087
(This does not limit the number of outgoing)6.086 F 3.37
(connections. If)174 445.2 R .87
(not set, there is no limit to the number of children -- that is, the)
3.37 F(system load a)174 457.2 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G(raging controls this.).15
E(MaxHopCount=)102 473.4 Q F2(N)A F1 1.237([h] The maximum hop count.)
174 485.4 R 1.237(Messages that ha)6.237 F 1.538 -.15(ve b)-.2 H 1.238
(een processed more than).15 F F2(N)3.738 E F1
(times are assumed to be in a loop and are rejected.)174 497.4 Q(Def)5 E
(aults to 25.)-.1 E(MaxHostStatAge=)102 513.6 Q F2 -.1(age)C F1 .439
([no short name] Not yet implemented.)174 525.6 R .438
(This option speci\214es ho)5.438 F 2.938(wl)-.25 G .438
(ong host status)-2.938 F .36(information will be retained.)174 537.6 R
-.15(Fo)5.36 G 2.86(re).15 G .36(xample, if a host is found to be do)
-3.01 F .36(wn, connec-)-.25 F .246
(tions to that host will not be retried for this interv)174 549.6 R
2.746(al. The)-.25 F .246(units def)2.746 F .246(ault to minutes.)-.1 F
(MaxMessageSize=)102 565.8 Q F2(N)A F1 2.562
([no short name] Specify the maximum message size to be adv)174 577.8 R
2.563(ertised in the)-.15 F(ESMTP EHLO response.)174 589.8 Q
(Messages lar)5 E(ger than this will be rejected.)-.18 E
(MaxQueueRunSize=)102 606 Q F2(N)A F1 .677([no short name] The maximum number of jobs that will be processed in a single)
174 618 R .501(queue run.)174 630 R .501
(If not set, there is no limit on the size.)5.501 F .501(If you ha)5.501
F .802 -.15(ve ve)-.2 H .502(ry lar).15 F .502(ge queues)-.18 F .445
(or a v)174 642 R .445(ery short queue run interv)-.15 F .445
(al this could be unstable.)-.25 F(Ho)5.445 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
1.245 -.4(r, s).15 H .445(ince the \214rst).4 F F2(N)174 654 Q F1 1.115
(jobs in queue directory order are run \(rather than the)3.615 F F2(N)
3.615 E F1 1.115(highest priority jobs\))3.615 F .136
(this should be set as high as possible to a)174 666 R -.2(vo)-.2 G .136
(id \231losing\232 jobs that happen to f).2 F .136(all late)-.1 F
(in the queue directory)174 678 Q(.)-.65 E(MeT)102 694.2 Q 40.86(oo [m])
-.8 F(Send to me too, e)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fIa)-2.5 G
2.5(mi)-2.5 G 2.5(na)-2.5 G 2.5(na)-2.5 G(lias e)-2.5 E(xpansion.)-.15 E
(MinFreeBlocks=)102 710.4 Q F2(N)A F1 1.538([b] Insist on at least)174
722.4 R F2(N)4.038 E F1 1.539
(blocks free on the \214lesystem that holds the queue \214les)4.039 F EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-46 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .846
(before accepting email via SMTP)174 96 R 5.846(.I)-1.11 G 3.346(ft)
-5.846 G .846(here is insuf)-3.346 F .846(\214cient space)-.25 F/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.346 E F1(gi)3.345 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.345
(sa).15 G(452 response to the MAIL command.)174 108 Q(This in)5 E
(vites the sender to try ag)-.4 E(ain later)-.05 E(.)-.55 E
(MinQueueAge=age)102 124.2 Q .886([no short name] Don')174 136.2 R 3.386
(tp)-.18 G .886(rocess an)-3.386 F 3.386(yq)-.15 G .886
(ueued jobs that ha)-3.386 F 1.187 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .887
(een in the queue less).15 F 1.9(than the indicated time interv)174
148.2 R 4.399(al. This)-.25 F 1.899(is intended to allo)4.399 F 4.399
(wy)-.25 G 1.899(ou to get respon-)-4.399 F(si)174 160.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25
G .665(ness by processing the queue f).15 F .665
(airly frequently without thrashing your system)-.1 F
(by trying jobs too often.)174 172.2 Q(The def)5 E
(ault units are minutes.)-.1 E(MustQuoteChars=)102 188.4 Q F2(s)A F1
1.253([no short name] Sets the list of characters that must be quoted if used in a full)
174 200.4 R 1.217(name that is in the phrase part of a `)174 212.4 R
1.217(`phrase <address>')-.74 F 3.717('s)-.74 G 3.717(yntax. The)-3.717
F(def)3.718 E 1.218(ault is)-.1 F -.74(``)174 224.4 S<b42e>.74 E -.74
('')-.7 G 5(.T).74 G(he characters `)-5 E(`@,;:\\\(\)[]')-.74 E 2.5('a)
-.74 G(re al)-2.5 E -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys added to this list.).1 E
(NoRecipientAction)102 240.6 Q .555([no short name] The action to tak)
174 252.6 R 3.055(ew)-.1 G .555(hen you recei)-3.055 F .855 -.15(ve a m)
-.25 H .554(essage that has no v).15 F(alid)-.25 E .625
(recipient headers \(T)174 264.6 R .625(o:, Cc:, Bcc:, or Apparently-T)
-.8 F .625(o: \212 the last included for back)-.8 F .109
(compatibility with old)174 276.6 R F2(sendmail)2.609 E F1 2.609
(s\). It)B .109(can be)2.609 F F0(None)2.608 E F1 .108
(to pass the message on unmod-)2.608 F .296
(i\214ed, which violates the protocol,)174 288.6 R F0(Add-T)2.796 E(o)
-.92 E F1 .296(to add a T)2.796 F .296(o: header with an)-.8 F 2.797(yr)
-.15 G(ecipients)-2.797 E 1.638(it can \214nd in the en)174 300.6 R -.15
(ve)-.4 G 1.638(lope \(which might e).15 F 1.638
(xpose Bcc: recipients\),)-.15 F F0(Add-A)4.138 E(ppar)-.25 E(-)-.37 E
(ently-T)174 312.6 Q(o)-.92 E F1 .337(to add an Apparently-T)2.837 F
.337(o: header \(this is only for back-compatibility and)-.8 F .842
(is of)174 324.6 R .841(\214cially deprecated\),)-.25 F F0(Add-T)3.341 E
(o-Undisclosed)-.92 E F1 .841(to add a header \231T)3.341 F .841
(o: undisclosed-)-.8 F .397(recipients:;\232 to mak)174 336.6 R 2.897
(et)-.1 G .397(he header le)-2.897 F -.05(ga)-.15 G 2.897(lw).05 G .397
(ithout disclosing an)-2.897 F .398(ything, or)-.15 F F0(Add-Bcc)2.898 E
F1(to)2.898 E(add an empty Bcc: header)174 348.6 Q(.)-.55 E 1.18
(OldStyleHeaders [o])102 364.8 R 1.713(Assume that the headers may be in old format, i.e., spaces delimit names.)
4.214 F 1.068(This actually turns on an adapti)174 376.8 R 1.368 -.15
(ve a)-.25 H 1.068(lgorithm: if an).15 F 3.569(yr)-.15 G 1.069
(ecipient address contains a)-3.569 F 1.681
(comma, parenthesis, or angle brack)174 388.8 R 1.681
(et, it will be assumed that commas already)-.1 F -.15(ex)174 400.8 S
2.825(ist. If).15 F .325
(this \215ag is not on, only commas delimit names.)2.825 F .325
(Headers are al)5.325 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .325(ys out-).1 F
(put with commas between the names.)174 412.8 Q(Def)5 E(aults to of)-.1
E(f.)-.25 E(OperatorChars=)102 429 Q F2 -.15(ch)C(arlist).15 E F1 1.438
([$o macro] The list of characters that are considered to be \231operators\232, that is,)
174 441 R .82(characters that delimit tok)174 453 R 3.32(ens. All)-.1 F
.82(operator characters are tok)3.32 F .82(ens by themselv)-.1 F(es;)
-.15 E .078(sequences of non-operator characters are also tok)174 465 R
2.578(ens. White)-.1 F .078(space characters sep-)2.578 F .269
(arate tok)174 477 R .269(ens b)-.1 F .269(ut are not tok)-.2 F .269
(ens themselv)-.1 F .269(es \212 for e)-.15 F .269(xample, \231)-.15 F
.27(AAA.BBB\232 has three)-.8 F(tok)174 489 Q .433(ens, b)-.1 F .433
(ut \231)-.2 F .433(AAA BBB\232 has tw)-.8 F 2.933(o. If)-.1 F .433
(not set, OperatorChars def)2.933 F .433(aults to \231.)-.1 F 1.666
(:@[])1.666 G<9a3b>-1.666 E(additionally)174 501 Q 2.5(,t)-.65 G
(he characters \231\()-2.5 E 1.666(\)<>,;)1.666 G 2.5<9a61>-1.666 G
(re al)-2.5 E -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys operators.).1 E(PostmasterCop)102 517.2 Q
(y=)-.1 E F2(postmaster)A F1 .003
([P] If set, copies of error messages will be sent to the named)174
529.2 R F2(postmaster)2.504 E F1 5.004(.O)C .004(nly the)-5.004 F .627
(header of the f)174 541.2 R .627(ailed message is sent.)-.1 F .626
(Since most errors are user problems, this is)5.626 F .453
(probably not a good idea on lar)174 553.2 R .453(ge sites, and ar)-.18
F .453(guably contains all sorts of pri)-.18 F -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy)
.25 G 1.979(violations, b)174 565.2 R 1.978
(ut it seems to be popular with certain operating systems v)-.2 F
(endors.)-.15 E(Def)174 577.2 Q(aults to no postmaster copies.)-.1 E
(Pri)102 593.4 Q -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G(Options=).15 E F2
(opt,opt,...)1.666 E F1 1.191([p] Set the pri)174 605.4 R -.25(va)-.25 G
-.15(cy).25 G F2(opt)3.841 E F1 3.691(ions. `)B(`Pri)-.74 E -.25(va)-.25
G -.15(cy).25 G 2.671 -.74('' i).15 H 3.692(sr).74 G 1.192
(eally a misnomer; man)-3.692 F 3.692(yo)-.15 G 3.692(ft)-3.692 G 1.192
(hese are)-3.692 F .929(just a w)174 617.4 R .928
(ay of insisting on stricter adherence to the SMTP protocol.)-.1 F(The)
5.928 E F2(opt)3.428 E F1(ions)A(can be selected from:)174 629.4 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-47)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 40.26(public Allo)214 96 R
2.5(wo)-.25 G(pen access)-2.5 E 11.38(needmailhelo Insist)214 108 R
(on HELO or EHLO command before MAIL)2.5 E(neede)214 120 Q 9.87
(xpnhelo Insist)-.15 F(on HELO or EHLO command before EXPN)2.5 E(noe)214
132 Q 35.97(xpn Disallo)-.15 F 2.5(wE)-.25 G(XPN entirely)-2.5 E 12.5
(needvrfyhelo Insist)214 144 R(on HELO or EHLO command before VRFY)2.5 E
(no)214 156 Q 38.75(vrfy Disallo)-.15 F 2.5(wV)-.25 G(RFY entirely)-2.5
E 14.71(restrictmailq Restrict)214 168 R(mailq command)2.5 E 19.16
(restrictqrun Restrict)214 180 R(\255q command line \215ag)2.5 E 24.16
(noreceipts Don')214 192 R 2.5(tr)-.18 G(eturn success DSNs)-2.5 E(goa)
214 204 Q -.1(wa)-.15 G 36.91(yD).1 G(isallo)-36.91 E 2.5(we)-.25 G
(ssentially all SMTP status queries)-2.5 E(authw)214 216 Q 11.48
(arnings Put)-.1 F(X-Authentication-W)2.5 E(arning: headers in messages)
-.8 E .485(The \231goa)174 232.2 R -.1(wa)-.15 G .485
(y\232 pseudo-\215ag sets all \215ags e).1 F .486
(xcept \231restrictmailq\232 and \231restrictqrun\232.)-.15 F 1.175(If mailq is restricted, only people in the same group as the queue directory can)
174 244.2 R .207(print the queue.)174 256.2 R .207
(If queue runs are restricted, only root and the o)5.207 F .208
(wner of the queue)-.25 F .066(directory can run the queue.)174 268.2 R
.066(Authentication W)5.066 F .066(arnings add w)-.8 F .066
(arnings about v)-.1 F(arious)-.25 E .77(conditions that may indicate attempts to spoof the mail system, such as using an)
174 280.2 R(non-standard queue directory)174 292.2 Q(.)-.65 E
(QueueDirectory=)102 308.4 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(dir)A F1
([Q] Use the named)174 320.4 Q F2(dir)2.5 E F1(as the queue directory)
2.5 E(.)-.65 E(QueueF)102 336.6 Q(actor=)-.15 E F2(factor)A F1 .614
([q] Use)174 348.6 R F2(factor)3.114 E F1 .613
(as the multiplier in the map function to decide when to just queue)
3.114 F .415(up jobs rather than run them.)174 360.6 R .415(This v)5.415
F .415(alue is di)-.25 F .415(vided by the dif)-.25 F .415
(ference between the)-.25 F 1.004(current load a)174 372.6 R -.15(ve)-.2
G 1.004(rage and the load a).15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.004(rage limit \().15
F F0(QueueLA)A F1 1.003(option\) to determine)3.503 F
(the maximum message priority that will be sent.)174 384.6 Q(Def)5 E
(aults to 600000.)-.1 E(QueueLA=)102 400.8 Q F2(LA)A F1 .164
([x] When the system load a)15.26 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .165(rage e).15 F
(xceeds)-.15 E F2(LA)2.665 E F1 2.665(,j)C .165
(ust queue messages \(i.e., don')-2.665 F 2.665(tt)-.18 G(ry)-2.665 E
(to send them\).)174 412.8 Q(Def)5 E(aults to 8.)-.1 E(QueueSortOrder=)
102 429 Q F2(algorithm)A F1 .097([no short name] Sets the)174 441 R F2
(algorithm)2.597 E F1 .096(used for sorting the queue.)2.597 F .096
(Only the \214rst char)5.096 F(-)-.2 E 1.021(acter of the v)174 453 R
1.021(alue is used.)-.25 F(Le)6.021 E -.05(ga)-.15 G 3.521(lv).05 G
1.021(alues are \231host\232 \(to order by the name of the)-3.771 F .002
(\214rst host name of the \214rst recipient\), \231time\232 \(to order by the submission time\), and)
174 465 R .986(\231priority\232 \(to order by message priority\).)174
477 R .986(Host ordering mak)5.986 F .986(es better use of the)-.1 F
.453(connection cache, b)174 489 R .452(ut may tend to process lo)-.2 F
2.952(wp)-.25 G .452(riority messages that go to a sin-)-2.952 F .218
(gle host o)174 501 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.718(rh).15 G .218
(igh priority messages that go to se)-2.718 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .219
(ral hosts; it probably shouldn').15 F(t)-.18 E .524(be used on slo)174
513 R 3.024(wn)-.25 G(etw)-3.024 E .524(ork links.)-.1 F -.35(Ti)5.524 G
.524(me ordering is almost al).35 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .523
(ys a bad idea, since).1 F 1.127(it allo)174 525 R 1.127(ws lar)-.25 F
1.127(ge, b)-.18 F 1.127(ulk mail to go out before smaller)-.2 F 3.627
(,p)-.4 G 1.127(ersonal mail, b)-3.627 F 1.128(ut may ha)-.2 F -.15(ve)
-.2 G 1.363(applicability on some hosts with v)174 537 R 1.363(ery f)
-.15 F 1.363(ast connections.)-.1 F 1.362(Priority ordering is the)6.363
F(def)174 549 Q(ault.)-.1 E(QueueT)102 565.2 Q(imeout=)-.35 E F2
(timeout)A F1 .355([T] A synon)174 577.2 R .355(ym for \231T)-.15 F
2.855(imeout.queuereturn\232. Use)-.35 F .356
(that form instead of the \231Queue-)2.855 F -.35(Ti)174 589.2 S
(meout\232 form.).35 E(Resolv)102 605.4 Q(erOptions=)-.15 E F2(options)A
F1 .128([I] Set resolv)174 617.4 R .127(er options.)-.15 F -1.11(Va)
5.127 G .127(lues can be set using)1.11 F F0(+)2.627 E F2<8d61>A(g)-.1 E
F1 .127(and cleared using)2.627 F F0<ad>2.627 E F2<8d61>A(g)-.1 E F1
2.627(;t)C(he)-2.627 E F2<8d61>174 629.4 Q(g)-.1 E F1 5.013(sc)C 2.513
(an be \231deb)-5.013 F 2.513(ug\232, \231aaonly\232, \231use)-.2 F
2.514(vc\232, \231primary\232, \231igntc\232, \231recurse\232, \231def-)
-.25 F .867(names\232, \231stayopen\232, or \231dnsrch\232.)174 641.4 R
.867(The string \231HasW)5.867 F .867(ildcardMX\232 \(without a)-.4 F F0
(+)3.367 E F1(or)3.367 E F0<ad>174 653.4 Q F1 3.82(\)c)C 1.32
(an be speci\214ed to turn of)-3.82 F 3.82(fm)-.25 G 1.32(atching ag)
-3.82 F 1.32(ainst MX records when doing name)-.05 F(canoni\214cations.)
174 665.4 Q F0(N.B.)5.918 E F1 .917
(Prior to 8.7, this option indicated that the name serv)5.918 F .917
(er be)-.15 F 1.025(responding in order to accept addresses.)174 677.4 R
1.025(This has been replaced by checking to)6.025 F .078(see if the \231dns\232 method is listed in the service switch entry for the \231hosts\232 service.)
174 689.4 R(RunAsUser=)102 705.6 Q F2(user)A F1 3.752
([no short name] The)2.48 F F2(user)6.252 E F1 3.752
(parameter may be a user name \(look)6.252 F 3.753(ed up in)-.1 F F2
(/etc/passwd)174 717.6 Q F1 3.046(\)o)C 3.046(ran)-3.046 G .546
(umeric user id; either form can ha)-3.046 F .846 -.15(ve \231)-.2 H
.545(:group\232 attached \(where).15 F EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-48 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .965
(group can be numeric or symbolic\).)174 96 R .966
(If set to a non-zero \(non-root\) v)5.965 F(alue,)-.25 E/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(send-)3.466 E(mail)174 110 Q F1 .484
(will change to this user id shortly after startup)2.984 F/F3 7
/Times-Roman@0 SF(20)-4 I F1 5.483(.T)4 K .483(his a)-5.483 F -.2(vo)-.2
G .483(ids a certain class).2 F 1.844(of security problems.)174 122 R
(Ho)6.844 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.644 -.4(r, t).15 H 1.844
(his means that all \231.forw).4 F 1.844(ard\232 and \231:include:\232)
-.1 F .194(\214les must be readable by the indicated)174 134 R F2(user)
2.694 E F1 2.694(,a)C .193(nd on systems that don')-2.694 F 2.693(ts)
-.18 G .193(upport the)-2.693 F(sa)174 146 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.894(du).15
G .394(id bit properly)-2.894 F 2.894(,a)-.65 G .394
(ll \214les to be written must be writable by)-2.894 F F2(user)2.895 E
F1 .395(and all pro-)2.895 F 1.218(grams will be e)174 158 R -.15(xe)
-.15 G 1.218(cuted by).15 F F2(user)3.718 E F1 6.218(.I)C 3.717(ti)
-6.218 G 3.717(sa)-3.717 G 1.217(lso incompatible with the)-3.717 F F0
(SafeFileEn)3.717 E(vi-)-.4 E -.18(ro)174 170 S(nment).18 E F1 3.177
(option. In)3.177 F .677(other w)3.177 F .677
(ords, it may not actually add much to security on an)-.1 F -2.25 -.2
(av e)174 182 T .624(rage system, and may in f).2 F .623
(act detract from security \(because other \214le permis-)-.1 F 1.948
(sions must be loosened\).)174 194 R(Ho)6.948 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
2.748 -.4(r, i).15 H 4.448(ts).4 G 1.948(hould be useful on \214re)
-4.448 F -.1(wa)-.25 G 1.949(lls and other).1 F(places where users don')
174 206 Q 2.5(th)-.18 G -2.25 -.2(av e)-2.5 H
(accounts and the aliases \214le is well constrained.)2.7 E(RecipientF)
102 222.2 Q(actor=)-.15 E F2(fact)A F1 .638([y] The indicated)174 234.2
R F2(fact)3.137 E F1 .637(or is added to the priority \(thus)B F2
(lowering)3.137 E F1 .637(the priority of the)3.137 F .23
(job\) for each recipient, i.e., this v)174 246.2 R .231
(alue penalizes jobs with lar)-.25 F .231(ge numbers of recipi-)-.18 F
2.5(ents. Def)174 258.2 R(aults to 30000.)-.1 E(RefuseLA=)102 274.4 Q F2
(LA)A F1 1.012([X] When the system load a)13.59 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.012
(rage e).15 F(xceeds)-.15 E F2(LA)3.512 E F1 3.512(,r)C 1.011
(efuse incoming SMTP connec-)-3.512 F 2.5(tions. Def)174 286.4 R
(aults to 12.)-.1 E(RetryF)102 302.6 Q(actor=)-.15 E F2(fact)A F1 .771
([Z] The)3.74 F F2(fact)3.271 E F1 .771(or is added to the priority e)B
-.15(ve)-.25 G .772(ry time a job is processed.).15 F .772(Thus, each)
5.772 F .994(time a job is processed, its priority will be decreased by the indicated v)
174 314.6 R 3.493(alue. In)-.25 F 1.107(most en)174 326.6 R 1.107
(vironments this should be positi)-.4 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.608(,s).15 G
1.108(ince hosts that are do)-3.608 F 1.108(wn are all too)-.25 F
(often do)174 338.6 Q(wn for a long time.)-.25 E(Def)5 E
(aults to 90000.)-.1 E(SafeFileEn)102 354.8 Q(vironment=)-.4 E F2(dir)A
F1 .022([no short name] If this option is set,)174 366.8 R F2(sendmail)
2.521 E F1 .021(will do a)2.521 F F2 -.15(ch)2.521 G -.45(ro).15 G(ot)
.45 E F1 .021(\(2\) call into the indi-)B(cated)174 378.8 Q F2(dir)2.832
E F1 .333(ectory before doing an)B 2.833<798c>-.15 G .333(le writes.)
-2.833 F .333(If the \214le name speci\214ed by the user)5.333 F(be)174
390.8 Q .588(gins with)-.15 F F2(dir)3.088 E F1 3.087(,t)C .587
(hat partial path name will be stripped of)-3.087 F 3.087(fb)-.25 G .587
(efore writing, so \(for)-3.087 F -.15(ex)174 402.8 S 2.224
(ample\) if the SafeFileEn).15 F 2.224(vironment v)-.4 F 2.225
(ariable is set to \231/safe\232 then aliases of)-.25 F 1.557(\231/safe/logs/\214le\232 and \231/logs/\214le\232 actually indicate the same \214le.)
174 414.8 R(Additionally)6.556 E 4.056(,i)-.65 G(f)-4.056 E
(this option is set,)174 426.8 Q F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(refuses to deli)
2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rt).15 G 2.5(os)-2.5 G(ymbolic links.)-2.5 E
(Sa)102 443 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 10.41(FromLine [f]).15 F(Sa)4.908 E 2.708
-.15(ve U)-.2 H 2.408
(nix-style \231From\232 lines at the front of headers.).15 F 2.409
(Normally the)7.409 F 4.909(ya)-.15 G(re)-4.909 E
(assumed redundant and discarded.)174 455 Q(SendMIMEErrors)102 471.2 Q
.815([j] If set, send error messages in MIME format \(see RFC1521 and RFC1344 for)
174 483.2 R 2.914(details\). If)174 495.2 R(disabled,)2.914 E F2
(sendmail)2.914 E F1 .415(will not return the DSN k)2.914 F -.15(ey)-.1
G -.1(wo).15 G .415(rd in response to an).1 F 1.731
(EHLO and will not do Deli)174 507.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.731
(ry Status Noti\214cation processing as described in).15 F(RFC1891.)174
519.2 Q(ServiceSwitchFile=)102 535.4 Q F2(\214lename)A F1 1.532([no short name] If your host operating system has a service switch abstraction)
174 547.4 R .003(\(e.g., /etc/nsswitch.conf on Solaris or /etc/svc.conf on Ultrix and DEC OSF/1\) that)
174 559.4 R .814(service will be consulted and this option is ignored.)
174 571.4 R .814(Otherwise, this is the name)5.814 F 1.083
(of a \214le that pro)174 583.4 R 1.082
(vides the list of methods used to implement particular services.)-.15 F
1.069(The syntax is a series of lines, each of which is a sequence of w)
174 595.4 R 3.57(ords. The)-.1 F(\214rst)3.57 E -.1(wo)174 607.4 S 1.364
(rd is the service name, and follo).1 F 1.363(wing w)-.25 F 1.363
(ords are service types.)-.1 F 1.363(The services)6.363 F(that)174 619.4
Q F2(sendmail)4.11 E F1 1.61
(consults directly are \231aliases\232 and \231hosts.)4.11 F 6.61<9a53>
-.7 G 1.61(ervice types can be)-6.61 F 1.755(\231dns\232, \231nis\232, \231nisplus\232, or \231\214les\232 \(with the ca)
174 631.4 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.754(at that the appropriate support).15 F
.791(must be compiled in before the service can be referenced\).)174
643.4 R .791(If ServiceSwitchFile)5.791 F 1.303
(is not speci\214ed, it def)174 655.4 R 1.303
(aults to /etc/service.switch.)-.1 F 1.303(If that \214le does not e)
6.303 F 1.303(xist, the)-.15 F(def)174 667.4 Q(ault switch is:)-.1 E .32
LW 76 678.8 72 678.8 DL 80 678.8 76 678.8 DL 84 678.8 80 678.8 DL 88
678.8 84 678.8 DL 92 678.8 88 678.8 DL 96 678.8 92 678.8 DL 100 678.8 96
678.8 DL 104 678.8 100 678.8 DL 108 678.8 104 678.8 DL 112 678.8 108
678.8 DL 116 678.8 112 678.8 DL 120 678.8 116 678.8 DL 124 678.8 120
678.8 DL 128 678.8 124 678.8 DL 132 678.8 128 678.8 DL 136 678.8 132
678.8 DL 140 678.8 136 678.8 DL 144 678.8 140 678.8 DL 148 678.8 144
678.8 DL 152 678.8 148 678.8 DL 156 678.8 152 678.8 DL 160 678.8 156
678.8 DL 164 678.8 160 678.8 DL 168 678.8 164 678.8 DL 172 678.8 168
678.8 DL 176 678.8 172 678.8 DL 180 678.8 176 678.8 DL 184 678.8 180
678.8 DL 188 678.8 184 678.8 DL 192 678.8 188 678.8 DL 196 678.8 192
678.8 DL 200 678.8 196 678.8 DL 204 678.8 200 678.8 DL 208 678.8 204
678.8 DL 212 678.8 208 678.8 DL 216 678.8 212 678.8 DL/F4 5
/Times-Roman@0 SF(20)93.6 689.2 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(When running as a daemon, it changes to this user after accepting a connection b)
3.2 I(ut before reading an)-.16 E(y)-.12 E F3(SMTP)2 E F5(commands.)2 E
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-49)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 38.6(aliases \214les)214 96 R
44.7(hosts dns)214 108 R(nis \214les)2.5 E(The def)174 124.2 Q
(ault \214le is \231/etc/service.switch\232.)-.1 E(Se)102 140.4 Q -.15
(ve)-.25 G 12.12(nBitInput [7]).15 F .321(Strip input to se)2.821 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G 2.821(nb).15 G .322(its for compatibility with old systems.)
-2.821 F .322(This shouldn')5.322 F 2.822(tb)-.18 G(e)-2.822 E
(necessary)174 152.4 Q(.)-.65 E(SingleLineFromHeader)102 168.6 Q .959
([no short name] If set, From: lines that ha)174 180.6 R 1.258 -.15
(ve e)-.2 H .958(mbedded ne).15 F .958(wlines are unwrapped)-.25 F .242
(onto one line.)174 192.6 R .243
(This is to get around a botch in Lotus Notes that apparently cannot)
5.242 F(understand le)174 204.6 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G
(lly wrapped RFC822 headers.).05 E(SingleThreadDeli)102 220.8 Q -.15(ve)
-.25 G(ry).15 E .334([no short name] If set, a client machine will ne)
174 232.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.833(rt).15 G .333(ry to open tw)-2.833 F
2.833(oS)-.1 G .333(MTP connec-)-2.833 F 1.711(tions to a single serv)
174 244.8 R 1.712(er machine at the same time, e)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
4.212(ni).15 G 4.212(nd)-4.212 G(if)-4.212 E 1.712(ferent processes.)
-.25 F .953(That is, if another)174 256.8 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
(sendmail)3.452 E F1 .952(is already talking to some host a ne)3.452 F
(w)-.25 E F2(sendmail)3.452 E F1(will)3.452 E 2.387
(not open another connection.)174 268.8 R 2.387(This property is of mix)
7.387 F 2.388(ed v)-.15 F 2.388(alue; although this)-.25 F .386(reduces the load on the other machine, it can cause mail to be delayed \(for e)
174 280.8 R(xam-)-.15 E .718(ple, if one)174 292.8 R F2(sendmail)3.218 E
F1 .718(is deli)3.218 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .718(ring a huge message, other)
.15 F F2(sendmail)3.219 E F1 3.219(sw)C(on')-3.319 E 3.219(tb)-.18 G
3.219(ea)-3.219 G(ble)-3.219 E 1.543(to send e)174 304.8 R -.15(ve)-.25
G 4.043(ns).15 G 1.543(mall messages\).)-4.043 F 1.542
(Also, it requires another \214le descriptor \(for the)6.543 F .996
(lock \214le\) per connection, so you may ha)174 316.8 R 1.297 -.15
(ve t)-.2 H 3.497(or).15 G .997(educe the)-3.497 F F0
(ConnectionCacheSize)3.497 E F1 .235(option to a)174 328.8 R -.2(vo)-.2
G .235(id running out of per).2 F .234(-process \214le descriptors.)-.2
F .234(Requires the)5.234 F F0(HostSta-)2.734 E(tusDir)174 340.8 Q
(ectory)-.18 E F1(option.)2.5 E(SmtpGreetingMessage=)102 357 Q F2(messa)
A -.1(ge)-.1 G F1 .344
([$e macro] The message printed when the SMTP serv)174 369 R .345
(er starts up.)-.15 F(Def)5.345 E .345(aults to \231$j)-.1 F
(Sendmail $v ready at $b\232.)174 381 Q(StatusFile=)102 397.2 Q F2
(\214le)A F1 .3([S] Log summary statistics in the named)14.13 F F2
(\214le)2.799 E F1 5.299(.I)C 2.799(fn)-5.299 G .299
(ot set, no summary statistics are)-2.799 F(sa)174 409.2 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G
3.775(d. This).15 F 1.275(\214le does not gro)3.775 F 3.775(wi)-.25 G
3.775(ns)-3.775 G 3.775(ize. It)-3.775 F 1.275(can be printed using the)
3.775 F F2(mailstats)3.775 E F1(\(8\))A(program.)174 421.2 Q 28.4
(SuperSafe [s])102 437.4 R .373(Be super)2.873 F .373
(-safe when running things, i.e., al)-.2 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .372
(ys instantiate the queue \214le, e).1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E .697
(if you are going to attempt immediate deli)174 449.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ry).15 E(.)-.65 E F2(Sendmail)5.697 E F1(al)3.198 E -.1(wa)-.1 G .698
(ys instantiates the).1 F 2.688
(queue \214le before returning control the client under an)174 461.4 R
5.188(yc)-.15 G 5.188(ircumstances. This)-5.188 F(should really)174
473.4 Q F2(always)2.5 E F1(be set.)2.5 E -.7(Te)102 489.6 S(mpFileMode=)
.7 E F2(mode)A F1 .331([F] The \214le mode for queue \214les.)174 501.6
R .331(It is interpreted in octal by def)5.331 F 2.832(ault. Def)-.1 F
.332(aults to)-.1 F(0600.)174 513.6 Q -.35(Ti)102 529.8 S(meout.).35 E
F2(type)A F1(=)A F2(timeout)1.666 E F1 .297
([r; subsumes old T option as well] Set timeout v)174 541.8 R 2.796
(alues. The)-.25 F .296(actual timeout is indi-)2.796 F 1.678
(cated by the)174 553.8 R F2(type)4.178 E F1 6.678(.T)C 1.678
(he recognized timeouts and their def)-6.678 F 1.679(ault v)-.1 F 1.679
(alues, and their)-.25 F(minimum v)174 565.8 Q
(alues speci\214ed in RFC 1123 section 5.3.2 are:)-.25 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-50 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 23.6
(initial w)214 96 R(ait for initial greeting message [5m, 5m])-.1 E
29.72(helo reply)214 108 R(to HELO or EHLO command [5m, none])2.5 E
29.16(mail reply)214 120 R(to MAIL command [10m, 5m])2.5 E 31.39
(rcpt reply)214 132 R(to RCPT command [1h, 5m])2.5 E 16.94
(datainit reply)214 144 R(to D)2.5 E -1.21 -1.11(AT A)-.4 H
(command [5m, 2m])3.61 E 8.06(datablock data)214 156 R
(block read [1h, 3m])2.5 E 12.5(data\214nal reply)214 168 R
(to \214nal `)2.5 E(`.)-.74 E 1.48 -.74('' i)-.7 H 2.5(nd).74 G
(ata [1h, 10m])-2.5 E 32.5(rset reply)214 180 R
(to RSET command [5m, none])2.5 E 31.38(quit reply)214 192 R(to Q)2.5 E
(UIT command [2m, none])-.1 E 28.05(misc reply)214 204 R
(to NOOP and VERB commands [2m, none])2.5 E 26.94(ident IDENT)214 216 R
(protocol timeout [30s, none])2.5 E 9.72(\214leopen\207 timeout)214 228
R(on opening .forw)2.5 E(ard and :include: \214les [60s, none])-.1 E 2.5
(command\207 command)214 240 R(read [1h, 5m])2.5 E(queuereturn\207ho)214
252 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(ong until a message is returned [5d, 5d])-2.5 E
(queue)214 264 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G -1.58(rn\207 ho).1 F 2.5(wl)-.25 G
(ong until a w)-2.5 E(arning is sent [none, none])-.1 E 2.49
(hoststatus\207 ho)214 276 R 2.5(wl)-.25 G(ong until host status is `)
-2.5 E(`stale')-.74 E 2.5('[)-.74 G(30m, none])-2.5 E .893(All b)174
292.2 R .893(ut those mark)-.2 F .893
(ed with a dagger \(\207\) apply to client SMTP)-.1 F 5.892(.I)-1.11 G
3.392(ft)-5.892 G .892(he message is)-3.392 F .273(submitted using the)
174 304.2 R/F2 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(NO)2.773 E .523(TIFY SMTP)-.36 F F1
-.15(ex)2.773 G .273(tension, w).15 F .274
(arning messages will only be sent)-.1 F(if)174 316.2 Q F2(NO)3.038 E
(TIFY=DELA)-.36 E(Y)-.945 E F1 .538(is speci\214ed.)3.038 F .537
(The queuereturn and queue)5.537 F -.1(wa)-.25 G .537
(rn timeouts can be).1 F 1.234(further quali\214ed with a tag based on the Precedence: \214eld in the message; the)
174 328.2 R(y)-.15 E 1.9(must be one of \231ur)174 340.2 R 1.9
(gent\232 \(indicating a positi)-.18 F 2.2 -.15(ve n)-.25 H 1.9
(on-zero precedence\) \231normal\232).15 F .251
(\(indicating a zero precedence\), or \231non-ur)174 352.2 R .251
(gent\232 \(indicating ne)-.18 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .552 -.15(ve p)
-.25 H(recedences\).).15 E -.15(Fo)174 364.2 S 4.423(re).15 G 1.923
(xample, setting \231T)-4.573 F(imeout.queue)-.35 E -.1(wa)-.25 G(rn.ur)
.1 E 1.923(gent=1h\232 sets the w)-.18 F 1.922(arning timeout)-.1 F .222
(for ur)174 376.2 R .223(gent messages only to one hour)-.18 F 5.223(.T)
-.55 G .223(he def)-5.223 F .223(ault if no precedence is indicated is)
-.1 F(to set the timeout for all precedences.)174 388.2 Q -.35(Ti)102
404.4 S(meZoneSpec=).35 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(tzinfo)A F1 .218
([t] Set the local time zone info to)174 416.4 R F3(tzinfo)2.718 E F1
2.718<8a66>2.718 G .218(or e)-2.718 F .218(xample, \231PST8PDT\232.)-.15
F(Actually)5.217 E 2.717(,i)-.65 G(f)-2.717 E 1.345
(this is not set, the TZ en)174 428.4 R 1.346(vironment v)-.4 F 1.346
(ariable is cleared \(so the system def)-.25 F 1.346(ault is)-.1 F .209
(used\); if set b)174 440.4 R .208(ut null, the user')-.2 F 2.708(sT)
-.55 G 2.708(Zv)-2.708 G .208
(ariable is used, and if set and non-null the TZ)-2.958 F -.25(va)174
452.4 S(riable is set to this v).25 E(alue.)-.25 E -.35(Tr)102 468.6 S
5.96(yNullMXList [w]).35 F .114
(If this system is the \231best\232 \(that is, lo)2.613 F .114
(west preference\) MX for a gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.614(nh).15 G .114
(ost, its)-2.614 F 1.168(con\214guration rules should normally detect this situation and treat that condition)
174 480.6 R .257(specially by forw)174 492.6 R .258
(arding the mail to a UUCP feed, treating it as local, or whate)-.1 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G -.55(r.).15 G(Ho)174 504.6 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
1.686 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.386(ns).4 G .886
(ome cases \(such as Internet \214re)-3.386 F -.1(wa)-.25 G .886
(lls\) you may w).1 F .885(ant to try to con-)-.1 F .07
(nect directly to that host as though it had no MX records at all.)174
516.6 R .07(Setting this option)5.07 F(causes)174 528.6 Q F3(sendmail)
3.014 E F1 .514(to try this.)3.014 F .514(The do)5.514 F .514
(wnside is that errors in your con\214guration are)-.25 F(lik)174 540.6
Q 2.116(ely to be diagnosed as \231host unkno)-.1 F 2.116
(wn\232 or \231message timed out\232 instead of)-.25 F
(something more meaningful.)174 552.6 Q(This option is disrecommended.)5
E(UnixFromLine=)102 568.8 Q F3(fr)A(omline)-.45 E F1 .236
([$l macro] De\214nes the format used when)174 580.8 R F3(sendmail)2.736
E F1 .236(must add a UNIX-style From_)2.736 F 1.324
(line \(that is, a line be)174 592.8 R 1.325
(ginning \231From<space>user\232\).)-.15 F(Def)6.325 E 1.325
(aults to \231From $g)-.1 F($d\232.)6.325 E(Don')174 604.8 Q 2.646(tc)
-.18 G .146(hange this unless your system uses a dif)-2.646 F .146
(ferent UNIX mailbox format \(v)-.25 F(ery)-.15 E(unlik)174 616.8 Q
(ely\).)-.1 E(UnsafeGroupWrites)102 633 Q .211
([no short name] If set, :include: and .forw)174 645 R .212
(ard \214les that are group writable are con-)-.1 F .367
(sidered \231unsafe\232, that is, the)174 657 R 2.867(yc)-.15 G .366
(annot reference programs or write directly to \214les.)-2.867 F -.8(Wo)
174 669 S(rld writable :include: and .forw).8 E(ard \214les are al)-.1 E
-.1(wa)-.1 G(ys unsafe..).1 E(UseErrorsT)102 685.2 Q 21.15(o[)-.8 G .826
(l] If there is an \231Errors-T)-21.15 F .826(o:\232 header)-.8 F 3.326
(,s)-.4 G .826(end error messages to the addresses listed)-3.326 F 3.135
(there. The)174 697.2 R 3.135(yn)-.15 G .635(ormally go to the en)-3.135
F -.15(ve)-.4 G .635(lope sender).15 F 5.635(.U)-.55 G .634
(se of this option causes)-5.635 F F3(send-)3.134 E(mail)174 709.2 Q F1
(to violate RFC 1123.)2.5 E
(This option is disrecommended and deprecated.)5 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-51)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(UserDatabaseSpec=)102 96 Q/F2
10/Times-Italic@0 SF(udbspec)A F1
([U] The user database speci\214cation.)174 108 Q 3.94
(UserSubmission [no)102 124.2 R 1.369(short name] This is an initial submission directly from a Mail User Agent.)
3.869 F .433(This can be set in the con\214guration \214le if you ha)174
136.2 R .733 -.15(ve M)-.2 H -.4(UA).15 G 2.933(st).4 G .433(hat don')
-2.933 F 2.933(tp)-.18 G .433(ass the)-2.933 F F0<ad55>2.933 E F1 .37
(\215ag or use the XUSR ESMTP e)174 148.2 R .371(xtension, b)-.15 F .371
(ut some relayed mail may get inappro-)-.2 F(priately re)174 160.2 Q
(written if you do.)-.25 E -1.11(Ve)102 176.4 S 37.29(rbose [v])1.11 F
.561(Run in v)3.061 F .561(erbose mode.)-.15 F .561(If this is set,)
5.561 F F2(sendmail)3.061 E F1 .56(adjusts options)3.061 F F0
(HoldExpensi)3.06 E -.1(ve)-.1 G F1(\(old)174 188.4 Q F0(c)2.635 E F1
2.635(\)a)C(nd)-2.635 E F0(Deli)2.635 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(ryMode).1 E F1
(\(old)2.635 E F0(d)2.635 E F1 2.635(\)s)C 2.635(ot)-2.635 G .135
(hat all mail is deli)-2.635 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .136
(red completely in a sin-).15 F 1.244
(gle job so that you can see the entire deli)174 200.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
1.244(ry process.).15 F(Option)6.244 E F0 -1(Ve)3.743 G(rbose)1 E F1
(should)3.743 E F2(ne)174 212.4 Q(ver)-.15 E F1(be set in the con\214guration \214le; it is intended for command line use only)
2.5 E(.)-.65 E .108(All options can be speci\214ed on the command line using the \255O or \255o \215ag, b)
102 228.6 R .109(ut most will cause)-.2 F F2(send-)2.609 E(mail)102
240.6 Q F1 1.135(to relinquish its setuid permissions.)3.635 F 1.135
(The options that will not cause this are MinFreeBlocks)6.135 F .513
([b], Deli)102 252.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .513
(ryMode [d], ErrorMode [e], IgnoreDots [i], LogLe).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
3.014(l[).15 G .514(L], MeT)-3.014 F .514(oo [m], OldStyleHeaders)-.8 F
.53([o], Pri)102 264.6 R -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G .53
(Options [p], T).15 F .53(imeouts [r], SuperSafe [s], V)-.35 F .53
(erbose [v], CheckpointInterv)-1.11 F .53(al [C], and Se)-.25 F(v-)-.25
E(enBitInput [7].)102 276.6 Q(Also, M \(de\214ne macro\) when de\214ning the r or s macros is also considered \231safe\232.)
5 E F0 2.5(5.7. P)87 300.6 R 2.5<8a50>2.5 G -.18(re)-2.5 G
(cedence De\214nitions).18 E F1 -1.11(Va)127 316.8 S .164
(lues for the \231Precedence:\232 \214eld may be de\214ned using the)
1.11 F F0(P)2.664 E F1 .164(control line.)2.664 F .164
(The syntax of this)5.164 F(\214eld is:)102 328.8 Q F0(P)142 345 Q F2
(name)A F0(=)A F2(num)A F1 .384(When the)102 361.2 R F2(name)2.884 E F1
.384
(is found in a \231Precedence:\232 \214eld, the message class is set to)
2.884 F F2(num)2.883 E F1 5.383(.H)C .383(igher numbers)-5.383 F .85
(mean higher precedence.)102 373.2 R .85(Numbers less than zero ha)5.85
F 1.15 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .85(he special property that if an error occurs)
.15 F 1.551(during processing the body of the message will not be returned; this is e)
102 385.2 R 1.551(xpected to be used for)-.15 F<9962>102 397.2 Q .461
(ulk\232 mail such as through mailing lists.)-.2 F .461(The def)5.461 F
.461(ault precedence is zero.)-.1 F -.15(Fo)5.461 G 2.962(re).15 G .462
(xample, our list of)-3.112 F(precedences is:)102 409.2 Q
(P\214rst-class=0)142 425.4 Q(Pspecial-deli)142 437.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ry=100).15 E(Plist=\25530)142 449.4 Q(Pb)142 461.4 Q(ulk=\25560)-.2 E
(Pjunk=\255100)142 473.4 Q 1.059(People writing mailing list e)102 489.6
R 1.058(xploders are encouraged to use \231Precedence: list\232.)-.15 F
1.058(Older v)6.058 F 1.058(ersions of)-.15 F F2(sendmail)102 501.6 Q F1
1.19(\(which discarded all error returns for ne)3.69 F -.05(ga)-.15 G
(ti).05 E 1.49 -.15(ve p)-.25 H 1.19(recedences\) didn').15 F 3.69(tr)
-.18 G 1.19(ecognize this name,)-3.69 F(gi)102 513.6 Q .599
(ving it a def)-.25 F .598(ault precedence of zero.)-.1 F .598
(This allo)5.598 F .598
(ws list maintainers to see error returns on both old)-.25 F(and ne)102
525.6 Q 2.5(wv)-.25 G(ersions of)-2.65 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(.)A F0 2.5
(5.8. V)87 549.6 R 2.5<8a43>2.5 G(on\214guration V)-2.5 E(ersion Le)-1 E
-.1(ve)-.15 G(l).1 E F1 3.181 -.8(To p)127 565.8 T(ro).8 E 1.581
(vide compatibility with old con\214guration \214les, the)-.15 F F0(V)
4.081 E F1 1.582(line has been added to de\214ne)4.082 F 1.11(some v)102
577.8 R 1.11(ery basic semantics of the con\214guration \214le.)-.15 F
1.11(These are not intended to be long term sup-)6.11 F .033
(ports; rather)102 589.8 R 2.533(,t)-.4 G(he)-2.533 E 2.533(yd)-.15 G
.033(escribe compatibility features which will probably be remo)-2.533 F
-.15(ve)-.15 G 2.533(di).15 G 2.533(nf)-2.533 G .034(uture releases.)
-2.533 F F0(N.B.:)127 606 Q F1 .197(these v)2.697 F(ersion)-.15 E F2(le)
2.697 E(vels)-.15 E F1(ha)2.697 E .496 -.15(ve n)-.2 H .196
(othing to do with the v).15 F(ersion)-.15 E F2(number)2.696 E F1 .196
(on the \214les.)2.696 F -.15(Fo)5.196 G 2.696(re).15 G(xam-)-2.846 E
(ple, as of this writing v)102 618 Q
(ersion 8 con\214g \214les \(speci\214cally)-.15 E 2.5(,8)-.65 G
(.7\) used v)-2.5 E(ersion le)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l6c).15 G
(on\214gurations.)-2.5 E 1.102
(\231Old\232 con\214guration \214les are de\214ned as v)127 634.2 R
1.102(ersion le)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.602(lo).15 G 3.602(ne. V)-3.602
F 1.102(ersion le)-1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.602(lt).15 G 1.302 -.1
(wo \214)-3.602 H 1.103(les mak).1 F 3.603(et)-.1 G(he)-3.603 E(follo)
102 646.2 Q(wing changes:)-.25 E 12.5(\(1\) Host)107 662.4 R .727(name canoni\214cation \($[ ... $]\) appends a dot if the name is recognized; this gi)
3.227 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.226(st).15 G(he)-3.226 E 1.974
(con\214g \214le a w)133.66 674.4 R 1.974(ay of \214nding out if an)-.1
F 1.974(ything matched.)-.15 F(\(Actually)6.974 E 4.475(,t)-.65 G 1.975
(his just initializes the)-4.475 F .739
(\231host\232 map with the \231\255a.)133.66 686.4 R 5.739<9a8d>-.7 G
.739(ag \212 you can reset it to an)-5.739 F .738
(ything you prefer by declaring the)-.15 F(map e)133.66 698.4 Q
(xplicitly)-.15 E(.\))-.65 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-52 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 12.5
(\(2\) Def)107 96 R .384(ault host name e)-.1 F .385
(xtension is consistent throughout processing; v)-.15 F .385(ersion le)
-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.885(lo).15 G .385(ne con\214gu-)-2.885 F .83
(rations turned of)133.66 108 R 3.33(fd)-.25 G .83(omain e)-3.33 F .83
(xtension \(that is, adding the local domain name\) during certain)-.15
F .4(points in processing.)133.66 120 R -1.11(Ve)5.4 G .4(rsion le)1.11
F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.9(lt).15 G .6 -.1(wo c)-2.9 H .4
(on\214gurations are e).1 F .4(xpected to include a trailing dot)-.15 F
(to indicate that the name is already canonical.)133.66 132 Q 12.5
(\(3\) Local)107 148.2 R .072
(names that are not aliases are passed through a ne)2.572 F 2.572(wd)
-.25 G .072(istinguished ruleset \214v)-2.572 F .072(e; this can)-.15 F
1.426(be used to append a local relay)133.66 160.2 R 6.426(.T)-.65 G
1.426(his beha)-6.426 F 1.426(viour can be pre)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
1.426(nted by resolving the local).15 F .209(name with an initial `@'.)
133.66 172.2 R .209(That is, something that resolv)5.209 F .209
(es to a local mailer and a user name)-.15 F 1.072
(of \231vikki\232 will be passed through ruleset \214v)133.66 184.2 R
1.072(e, b)-.15 F 1.073(ut a user name of \231@vikki\232 will ha)-.2 F
1.373 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E .417
(`@' stripped, will not be passed through ruleset \214v)133.66 196.2 R
.417(e, b)-.15 F .416(ut will otherwise be treated the same)-.2 F 1.702
(as the prior e)133.66 208.2 R 4.202(xample. The)-.15 F -.15(ex)4.202 G
1.703(pectation is that this might be used to implement a polic).15 F(y)
-.15 E .136(where mail sent to \231vikki\232 w)133.66 220.2 R .135
(as handled by a central hub, b)-.1 F .135
(ut mail sent to \231vikki@localhost\232)-.2 F -.1(wa)133.66 232.2 S 2.5
(sd).1 G(eli)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(red directly).15 E(.)-.65 E -1.11(Ve)
127 248.4 S 1.382(rsion le)1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.882(lt).15 G 1.382
(hree \214les allo)-3.882 F 3.882(w#i)-.25 G 1.382
(nitiated comments on all lines.)-3.882 F 1.383
(Exceptions are backslash)6.383 F(escaped # marks and the $# syntax.)102
260.4 Q -1.11(Ve)127 276.6 S 1.208(rsion le)1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.708
(lf).15 G 1.208(our con\214gurations are completely equi)-3.708 F -.25
(va)-.25 G 1.207(lent to le).25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.707(lt).15 G 1.207
(hree for historical rea-)-3.707 F(sons.)102 288.6 Q -1.11(Ve)127 304.8
S 1.234(rsion le)1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.734<6c8c>.15 G 1.534 -.15(ve c)
-3.734 H 1.234(on\214guration \214les change the def).15 F 1.234
(ault de\214nition of)-.1 F F0($w)3.734 E F1 1.234
(to be just the \214rst)3.734 F(component of the hostname.)102 316.8 Q
-1.11(Ve)127 333 S 1.589(rsion le)1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.089(ls).15 G
1.589(ix con\214guration \214les change man)-4.089 F 4.088(yo)-.15 G
4.088(ft)-4.088 G 1.588(he local processing options \(such as)-4.088 F
.48(aliasing and matching the be)102 345 R .481(ginning of the address for `|' characters\) to be mailer \215ags; this allo)
-.15 F(ws)-.25 E 1.345(\214ne-grained control o)102 357 R -.15(ve)-.15 G
3.845(rt).15 G 1.345(he special local processing.)-3.845 F(Le)6.345 E
-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.845(ls).15 G 1.344
(ix con\214guration \214les may also use)-3.845 F 1.221
(long option names.)102 369 R(The)6.221 E F0(ColonOkInAddr)3.721 E F1
1.221(option \(to allo)3.721 F 3.722(wc)-.25 G 1.222
(olons in the local-part of addresses\))-3.722 F(def)102 381 Q(aults)-.1
E F0(on)3.44 E F1 .94(for lo)3.44 F .94(wer numbered con\214guration \214les; the con\214guration \214le requires some additional)
-.25 F(intelligence to properly handle the RFC 822 group construct.)102
393 Q(The)127 409.2 Q F0(V)2.677 E F1 .177(line may ha)2.677 F .477 -.15
(ve a)-.2 H 2.677(no).15 G(ptional)-2.677 E F0(/)2.677 E/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(vendor)A F1 .178
(to indicate that this con\214guration \214le uses modi\214ca-)2.677 F
.865(tions speci\214c to a particular v)102 423.2 R(endor)-.15 E/F3 7
/Times-Roman@0 SF(21)-4 I F1 5.866(.Y)4 K .866(ou may use \231/Berk)
-6.966 F(ele)-.1 E .866(y\232 to emphasize that this con\214gura-)-.15 F
(tion \214le uses the Berk)102 435.2 Q(ele)-.1 E 2.5(yd)-.15 G
(ialect of)-2.5 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(.)A F0 2.5(5.9. K)87 459.2 R 2.5
<8a4b>2.5 G(ey File Declaration)-2.75 E F1
(Special maps can be de\214ned using the line:)127 475.4 Q
(Kmapname mapclass ar)142 491.6 Q(guments)-.18 E(The)102 507.8 Q F2
(mapname)2.751 E F1 .251
(is the handle by which this map is referenced in the re)2.751 F .25
(writing rules.)-.25 F(The)5.25 E F2(mapclass)2.75 E F1(is)2.75 E 1.889
(the name of a type of map; these are compiled in to)102 519.8 R F2
(sendmail)4.389 E F1 6.889(.T)C(he)-6.889 E F2(ar)4.389 E(guments)-.37 E
F1 1.889(are interpreted)4.389 F .791(depending on the class; typically)
102 531.8 R 3.291(,t)-.65 G .791(here w)-3.291 F .791
(ould be a single ar)-.1 F .79(gument naming the \214le containing the)
-.18 F(map.)102 543.8 Q(Maps are referenced using the syntax:)127 560 Q
($\()142 576.2 Q F2(map k)2.5 E -.3(ey)-.1 G F1($@)2.8 E F2(ar)2.5 E
(guments)-.37 E F1($:)2.5 E F2(default)2.5 E F1($\))2.5 E .64
(where either or both of the)102 592.4 R F2(ar)3.14 E(guments)-.37 E F1
(or)3.141 E F2(default)3.141 E F1 .641(portion may be omitted.)3.141 F
(The)5.641 E F2 .641($@ ar)3.141 F(guments)-.37 E F1(may)3.141 E 1.277
(appear more than once.)102 604.4 R 1.277(The indicated)6.277 F F2 -.1
(ke)3.777 G(y)-.2 E F1(and)3.776 E F2(ar)3.776 E(guments)-.37 E F1 1.276
(are passed to the appropriate mapping)3.776 F 3.253(function. If)102
616.4 R .753(it returns a v)3.253 F .753(alue, it replaces the input.)
-.25 F .753(If it does not return a v)5.753 F .753(alue and the)-.25 F
F2(default)3.253 E F1(is)3.253 E(speci\214ed, the)102 628.4 Q F2
(default)2.5 E F1(replaces the input.)2.5 E
(Otherwise, the input is unchanged.)5 E(The)127 644.6 Q F2(ar)4.064 E
(guments)-.37 E F1 1.564(are passed to the map for arbitrary use.)4.064
F 1.563(Most map classes can interpolate)6.563 F .882(these ar)102 656.6
R .882(guments into their v)-.18 F .882(alues using the syntax \231%)
-.25 F F2(n)A F1 3.382<9a28>C(where)-3.382 E F2(n)3.382 E F1 .883
(is a digit\) to indicate the corre-)3.382 F(sponding)102 668.6 Q F2(ar)
2.5 E(gument)-.37 E F1 5(.A)C -.18(rg)-5 G
(ument \231%0\232 indicates the database k).18 E -.15(ey)-.1 G 5(.F)-.5
G(or e)-5.15 E(xample, the rule)-.15 E .32 LW 76 678.2 72 678.2 DL 80
678.2 76 678.2 DL 84 678.2 80 678.2 DL 88 678.2 84 678.2 DL 92 678.2 88
678.2 DL 96 678.2 92 678.2 DL 100 678.2 96 678.2 DL 104 678.2 100 678.2
DL 108 678.2 104 678.2 DL 112 678.2 108 678.2 DL 116 678.2 112 678.2 DL
120 678.2 116 678.2 DL 124 678.2 120 678.2 DL 128 678.2 124 678.2 DL 132
678.2 128 678.2 DL 136 678.2 132 678.2 DL 140 678.2 136 678.2 DL 144
678.2 140 678.2 DL 148 678.2 144 678.2 DL 152 678.2 148 678.2 DL 156
678.2 152 678.2 DL 160 678.2 156 678.2 DL 164 678.2 160 678.2 DL 168
678.2 164 678.2 DL 172 678.2 168 678.2 DL 176 678.2 172 678.2 DL 180
678.2 176 678.2 DL 184 678.2 180 678.2 DL 188 678.2 184 678.2 DL 192
678.2 188 678.2 DL 196 678.2 192 678.2 DL 200 678.2 196 678.2 DL 204
678.2 200 678.2 DL 208 678.2 204 678.2 DL 212 678.2 208 678.2 DL 216
678.2 212 678.2 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(21)93.6 688.6 Q/F5 8
/Times-Roman@0 SF .214(And of course, v)3.2 J .214
(endors are encouraged to add themselv)-.12 F .214
(es to the list of recognized v)-.12 F .214
(endors by editing the routine)-.12 F/F6 8/Times-Italic@0 SF(setvendor)
2.214 E F5(in)2.214 E F6(conf)72 701.4 Q(.c)-.12 E F5 4(.P)C
(lease send e-mail to sendmail@Sendmail.ORG to re)-4 E(gister your v)
-.12 E(endor dialect.)-.12 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-53)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(R$\255 ! $+)142 96 Q
($: $\(uucp $1 $@ $2 $: %1 @ %0 . UUCP $\))71.72 E 1.269(Looks up the UUCP name in a \(user de\214ned\) UUCP map; if not found it turns it into \231.UUCP\232)
102 112.2 R 2.5(form. The)102 124.2 R
(database might contain records lik)2.5 E(e:)-.1 E(decv)142 140.4 Q
77.43(ax %1@%0.DEC.COM)-.25 F 72.19(research %1@%0.A)142 152.4 R(TT)
-1.11 E(.COM)-.74 E(Note that)102 168.6 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
(default)2.5 E F1(clauses ne)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rd).15 G 2.5(ot)
-2.5 G(his mapping.)-2.5 E .741(The b)127 184.8 R .741(uilt in map with both name and class \231host\232 is the host name canonicalization lookup.)
-.2 F(Thus, the syntax:)102 196.8 Q($\(host)142 213 Q F2(hostname)2.5 E
F1($\))A(is equi)102 229.2 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to:).25 E($[)142 245.4
Q F2(hostname)A F1($])A(There are man)127 265.8 Q 2.5(yd)-.15 G
(e\214ned classes.)-2.5 E 51.72(dbm Database)102 282 R 1.623
(lookups using the ndbm\(3\) library)4.123 F(.)-.65 E F2(Sendmail)6.623
E F1 1.623(must be compiled with)4.123 F F0(NDBM)174 294 Q F1
(de\214ned.)2.5 E 49.51(btree Database)102 310.2 R 1.284
(lookups using the btree interf)3.784 F 1.285(ace to the Berk)-.1 F(ele)
-.1 E 3.785(yd)-.15 G 1.285(b\(3\) library)-3.785 F(.)-.65 E F2(Send-)
6.285 E(mail)174 322.2 Q F1(must be compiled with)2.5 E F0(NEWDB)2.5 E
F1(de\214ned.)2.5 E 51.17(hash Database)102 338.4 R .122
(lookups using the hash interf)2.622 F .122(ace to the Berk)-.1 F(ele)
-.1 E 2.622(yd)-.15 G .121(b\(3\) library)-2.622 F(.)-.65 E F2(Sendmail)
5.121 E F1(must be compiled with)174 350.4 Q F0(NEWDB)2.5 E F1
(de\214ned.)2.5 E 57.83(nis NIS)102 366.6 R(lookups.)2.5 E F2(Sendmail)5
E F1(must be compiled with)2.5 E F0(NIS)2.5 E F1(de\214ned.)2.5 E 41.16
(nisplus NIS+)102 382.8 R(lookups.)3.733 E F2(Sendmail)6.233 E F1 1.233
(must be compiled with)3.733 F F0(NISPLUS)3.733 E F1 3.733
(de\214ned. The)3.733 F(ar)3.733 E(gu-)-.18 E .495
(ment is the name of the table to use for lookups, and the)174 394.8 R
F0<ad6b>2.995 E F1(and)2.995 E F0<ad76>2.995 E F1 .495(\215ags may be)
2.995 F(used to set the k)174 406.8 Q .3 -.15(ey a)-.1 H(nd v).15 E
(alue columns respecti)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E(.)-.65 E 43.39
(hesiod Hesiod)102 423 R(lookups.)2.5 E F2(Sendmail)5 E F1
(must be compiled with)2.5 E F0(HESIOD)2.5 E F1(de\214ned.)2.5 E 47.28
(ldapx LD)102 439.2 R 1.783(AP X500 directory lookups.)-.4 F F2
(Sendmail)6.783 E F1 1.784(must be compiled with)4.283 F F0(LD)4.284 E
(APMAP)-.35 E F1 2.966(de\214ned. The)174 451.2 R .466
(map supports most of the standard ar)2.966 F .465
(guments and most of the com-)-.18 F(mand line ar)174 463.2 Q
(guments of the)-.18 E F2(ldapsear)2.5 E -.15(ch)-.37 G F1(program.)2.65
E 41.17(netinfo NeXT)102 479.4 R(NetInfo lookups.)2.5 E F2(Sendmail)5 E
F1(must be compiled with)2.5 E F0(NETINFO)2.5 E F1(de\214ned.)2.5 E(te)
102 495.6 Q 54.65(xt T)-.15 F -.15(ex)-.7 G 2.917<748c>.15 G .417
(le lookups.)-2.917 F .417(The format of the te)5.417 F .418
(xt \214le is de\214ned by the)-.15 F F0<ad6b>2.918 E F1(\(k)2.918 E
.718 -.15(ey \214)-.1 H .418(eld num-).15 F(ber\),)174 507.6 Q F0<ad76>
2.5 E F1(\(v)2.5 E(alue \214eld number\), and)-.25 E F0<ad7a>2.5 E F1
(\(\214eld delimiter\) \215ags.)2.5 E 53.39(stab Internal)102 523.8 R
(symbol table lookups.)2.5 E(Used internally for aliasing.)5 E 38.38
(implicit Really)102 540 R .546
(should be called \231alias\232 \212 this is used to get the def)3.046 F
.546(ault lookups for alias)-.1 F(\214les, and is the def)174 552 Q
(ault if no class is speci\214ed for alias \214les.)-.1 E 52.84
(user Looks)102 568.2 R .476(up users using)2.976 F F2 -.1(ge)2.976 G
(tpwnam).1 E F1 2.976(\(3\). The)B F0<ad76>2.976 E F1 .477
(\215ag can be used to specify the name)2.976 F .142(of the \214eld to return \(although this is normally used only to check the e)
174 580.2 R .142(xistence of)-.15 F 2.5(au)174 592.2 S(ser\).)-2.5 E
52.83(host Canoni\214es)102 608.4 R .2(host domain names.)2.7 F(Gi)5.2 E
-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.7(nah).15 G .2(ost name it calls the name serv)-2.7 F
.2(er to \214nd)-.15 F(the canonical name for that host.)174 620.4 Q
32.85(sequence The)102 636.6 R(ar)3.35 E .849(guments on the `K' line are a list of maps; the resulting map searches the)
-.18 F(ar)174 648.6 Q .438
(gument maps in order until it \214nds a match for the indicated k)-.18
F -.15(ey)-.1 G 5.439(.F)-.5 G .439(or e)-5.589 F(xample,)-.15 E
(if the k)174 660.6 Q .3 -.15(ey d)-.1 H(e\214nition is:).15 E
(Kmap1 ...)214 676.8 Q(Kmap2 ...)214 688.8 Q(Kseqmap sequence map1 map2)
214 700.8 Q .968(then a lookup ag)174 717 R .968
(ainst \231seqmap\232 \214rst does a lookup in map1.)-.05 F .968
(If that is found, it)5.968 F EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-54 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(returns immediately)174 96 Q 5(.O)-.65 G(therwise, the same k)-5 E .3
-.15(ey i)-.1 H 2.5(su).15 G(sed for map2.)-2.5 E 43.39(switch Much)102
112.2 R(lik)2.8 E 2.8(et)-.1 G .3(he \231sequence\232 map e)-2.8 F .301
(xcept that the order of maps is determined by the)-.15 F .392
(service switch.)174 124.2 R .392(The ar)5.392 F .391
(gument is the name of the service to be look)-.18 F .391(ed up; the v)
-.1 F(al-)-.25 E 1.492
(ues from the service switch are appended to the map name to create ne)
174 136.2 R 3.993(wm)-.25 G(ap)-3.993 E 2.5(names. F)174 148.2 R(or e)
-.15 E(xample, consider the k)-.15 E .3 -.15(ey d)-.1 H(e\214nition:).15
E(Kali switch aliases)214 164.4 Q
(together with the service switch entry:)174 180.6 Q 78.84(aliases nis)
214 196.8 R(\214les)2.5 E 1.633(This causes a query ag)174 213 R 1.633
(ainst the map \231ali\232 to search maps named \231ali.nis\232 and)-.05
F(\231ali.\214les\232 in that order)174 225 Q(.)-.55 E 37.84
(dequote Strip)102 241.2 R .96(double quotes \("\) from a name.)3.46 F
.961(It does not strip backslashes, and will not)5.961 F .173
(strip quotes if the resulting string w)174 253.2 R .172
(ould contain unscannable syntax \(that is, basic)-.1 F .386(errors lik)
174 265.2 R 2.886(eu)-.1 G .386(nbalanced angle brack)-2.886 F .386
(ets; more sophisticated errors such as unkno)-.1 F(wn)-.25 E .252
(hosts are not check)174 277.2 R 2.752(ed\). The)-.1 F .251
(intent is for use when trying to accept mail from sys-)2.752 F
(tems such as DECnet that routinely quote odd syntax such as)174 289.2 Q
("49ers::ubell")214 305.4 Q 2.5(At)174 321.6 S
(ypical usage is probably something lik)-2.5 E(e:)-.1 E
(Kdequote dequote)214 337.8 Q(...)214 361.8 Q 88.19(R$\255 $:)214 385.8
R($\(dequote $1 $\))2.5 E(R$\255 $+)214 397.8 Q($: $>3 $1 $2)77.55 E
(Care must be tak)174 414 Q(en to pre)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt une).15 E
(xpected results; for e)-.15 E(xample,)-.15 E
("|someprogram < input > output")214 430.2 Q 1.31(will ha)174 446.4 R
1.61 -.15(ve q)-.2 H 1.31(uotes stripped, b).15 F 1.31
(ut the result is probably not what you had in mind.)-.2 F -.15(Fo)174
458.4 S(rtunately these cases are rare.).15 E .488
(Most of these accept as ar)127 474.6 R .488
(guments the same optional \215ags and a \214lename \(or a mapname for)
-.18 F .31(NIS; the \214lename is the root of the database path, so that \231.db\232 or some other e)
102 486.6 R .31(xtension appropriate)-.15 F
(for the database type will be added to get the actual database name\).)
102 498.6 Q(Kno)5 E(wn \215ags are:)-.25 E 58.86(\255o Indicates)102
514.8 R 1.147(that this map is optional \212 that is, if it cannot be opened, no error is)
3.648 F(produced, and)174 526.8 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.5 E
F1(will beha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 2.5(si).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G
(he map e)-2.5 E(xisted b)-.15 E(ut w)-.2 E(as empty)-.1 E(.)-.65 E
(\255N, \255O)102 543 Q .696(If neither)41.28 F F0<ad4e>3.197 E F1(or)
3.197 E F0<ad4f>3.197 E F1 .697(are speci\214ed,)3.197 F F2(sendmail)
3.197 E F1 .697(uses an adapti)3.197 F .997 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .697
(lgorithm to decide).15 F .108
(whether or not to look for null bytes on the end of k)174 555 R -.15
(ey)-.1 G 2.608(s. It).15 F .107(starts by trying both; if)2.608 F .819
(it \214nds an)174 567 R 3.319(yk)-.15 G 1.119 -.15(ey w)-3.419 H .819
(ith a null byte it ne).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.319(rt).15 G .82(ries ag)
-3.319 F .82(ain without a null byte and vice)-.05 F -.15(ve)174 579 S
2.828(rsa. If).15 F F0<ad4e>2.828 E F1 .328(is speci\214ed it ne)2.828 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.828(rt).15 G .328(ries without a null byte and if)
-2.828 F F0<ad4f>2.827 E F1 .327(is speci\214ed it)2.827 F(ne)174 591 Q
-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.886(rt).15 G .386(ries with a null byte.)-2.886 F .386
(Setting one of these can speed matches b)5.386 F .386(ut are ne)-.2 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E(necessary)174 603 Q 5.546(.I)-.65 G 3.046(fb)
-5.546 G(oth)-3.046 E F0<ad4e>3.046 E F1(and)3.046 E F0<ad4f>3.046 E F1
.545(are speci\214ed,)3.045 F F2(sendmail)3.045 E F1 .545(will ne)3.045
F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.045(rt).15 G .545(ry an)-3.045 F 3.045(ym)-.15 G
(atches)-3.045 E(at all \212 that is, e)174 615 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(rything will appear to f).15 E(ail.)-.1 E<ad61>102 631.2 Q F2(x)A F1
1.356(Append the string)57.48 F F2(x)3.856 E F1 1.357
(on successful matches.)3.856 F -.15(Fo)6.357 G 3.857(re).15 G 1.357
(xample, the def)-4.007 F(ault)-.1 E F2(host)3.857 E F1(map)3.857 E
(appends a dot on successful matches.)174 643.2 Q 60.53(\255f Do)102
659.4 R(not fold upper to lo)2.5 E(wer case before looking up the k)-.25
E -.15(ey)-.1 G(.)-.5 E 56.08(\255m Match)102 675.6 R .4
(only \(without replacing the v)2.9 F 2.899(alue\). If)-.25 F .399
(you only care about the e)2.899 F .399(xistence of)-.15 F 7.306(ak)174
687.6 S 5.107 -.15(ey a)-7.406 H 4.807(nd not the v).15 F 4.807
(alue \(as you might when searching the NIS map)-.25 F 1.947
(\231hosts.byname\232 for e)174 699.6 R 1.947(xample\), this \215ag pre)
-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.947(nts the map from substituting the).15 F -.25
(va)174 711.6 S 2.849(lue. Ho).25 F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.149 -.4
(r, T).15 H .349(he \255a ar).4 F .349
(gument is still appended on a match, and the def)-.18 F .35(ault is)-.1
F(still tak)174 723.6 Q(en if the match f)-.1 E(ails.)-.1 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-55)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF<ad6b>102 96 Q/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF -.1(ke)C(ycol)-.2 E F1 .52(The k)36.22 F .82 -.15
(ey c)-.1 H .519(olumn name \(for NIS+\) or number \(for te).15 F .519
(xt lookups\).)-.15 F -.15(Fo)5.519 G 3.019(rL).15 G -.4(DA)-3.019 G
3.019(Pm).4 G(aps)-3.019 E .312(this is a \214lter string passed to printf with a %s where the string to be \231mapped\232 is)
174 108 R(inserted.)174 120 Q<ad76>102 136.2 Q F2(valcol)A F1 1.929
(The v)36.92 F 1.928(alue column name \(for NIS+\) or number \(for te)
-.25 F 1.928(xt lookups\).)-.15 F -.15(Fo)6.928 G 4.428(rL).15 G -.4(DA)
-4.428 G(P).4 E(maps this is the name of the attrib)174 148.2 Q
(ute to be returned.)-.2 E<ad7a>102 164.4 Q F2(delim)A F1 .218
(The column delimiter \(for te)39.7 F .218(xt lookups\).)-.15 F .219
(It can be a single character or one of the)5.219 F 1.826
(special strings \231)174 176.4 R 1.826(\\n\232 or \231)1.666 F 1.826
(\\t\232 to indicate ne)1.666 F 1.825(wline or tab respecti)-.25 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 6.825(.I)-.65 G 4.325(fo)-6.825 G(mitted)-4.325 E
(entirely)174 188.4 Q 2.5(,t)-.65 G(he column separator is an)-2.5 E 2.5
(ys)-.15 G(equence of whitespace.)-2.5 E 61.08(\255t Normally)102 204.6
R 2.726(,w)-.65 G .226(hen a map attempts to do a lookup and the serv)
-2.726 F .227(er f)-.15 F .227(ails \(e.g.,)-.1 F F2(sendmail)2.727 E F1
(couldn')174 216.6 Q 2.776(tc)-.18 G .276(ontact an)-2.776 F 2.776(yn)
-.15 G .276(ame serv)-2.776 F .276(er; this is)-.15 F F2(not)2.776 E F1
.276(the same as an entry not being found)2.776 F .251(in the map\), the message being processed is queued for future processing.)
174 228.6 R(The)5.251 E F0<ad74>2.751 E F1 1.623(\215ag turns of)174
240.6 R 4.123(ft)-.25 G 1.623(his beha)-4.123 F(viour)-.2 E 4.123(,l)-.4
G 1.622(etting the temporary f)-4.123 F 1.622(ailure \(serv)-.1 F 1.622
(er do)-.15 F 1.622(wn\) act as)-.25 F .675
(though it were a permanent f)174 252.6 R .675
(ailure \(entry not found\).)-.1 F .676(It is particularly useful for)
5.676 F .772(DNS lookups, where someone else')174 264.6 R 3.272(sm)-.55
G .772(iscon\214gured name serv)-3.272 F .772(er can cause prob-)-.15 F
1.645(lems on your machine.)174 276.6 R(Ho)6.645 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)
-.25 G 2.445 -.4(r, c).15 H 1.645(are must be tak).4 F 1.646
(en to ensure that you don')-.1 F(t)-.18 E .263(bounce mail that w)174
288.6 R .263(ould be resolv)-.1 F .262(ed correctly if you tried ag)-.15
F 2.762(ain. A)-.05 F .262(common strat-)2.762 F -.15(eg)174 300.6 S 2.5
(yi).15 G 2.5(st)-2.5 G 2.5(of)-2.5 G(orw)-2.5 E
(ard such mail to another)-.1 E 2.5(,p)-.4 G
(ossibly better connected, mail serv)-2.5 E(er)-.15 E(.)-.55 E<ad73>102
316.8 Q F2(spacesub)A F1 -.15(Fo)25.81 G 3.1(rt).15 G .6
(he dequote map only)-3.1 F 3.101(,t)-.65 G .601
(he character to use to replace space characters after a)-3.101 F
(successful dequote.)174 328.8 Q(The)127 345 Q F2(dbm)3.356 E F1 .856
(map appends the strings \231.pag\232 and \231.dir\232 to the gi)3.356 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.356<6e8c>.15 G .856(lename; the tw)-3.356 F(o)-.1 E F2
(db)3.356 E F1(-based)A(maps append \231.db\232.)102 357 Q -.15(Fo)5 G
2.5(re).15 G(xample, the map speci\214cation)-2.65 E -.15(Ku)142 373.2 S
(ucp dbm \255o \255N /usr/lib/uucpmap).15 E .21(speci\214es an optional map named \231uucp\232 of class \231dbm\232; it al)
102 389.4 R -.1(wa)-.1 G .21(ys has null bytes at the end of e).1 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E
(string, and the data is located in /usr/lib/uucpmap.{dir)102 401.4 Q
(,pag}.)-.4 E 1.095(The program)127 417.6 R F2(mak)3.595 E(emap)-.1 E F1
1.094(\(8\) can be used to b)B 1.094(uild an)-.2 F 3.594(yo)-.15 G 3.594
(ft)-3.594 G 1.094(he three database-oriented maps.)-3.594 F(It)6.094 E
(tak)102 429.6 Q(es the follo)-.1 E(wing \215ags:)-.25 E 60.53(\255f Do)
102 445.8 R(not fold upper to lo)2.5 E(wer case in the map.)-.25 E 56.64
(\255N Include)102 462 R(null bytes in k)2.5 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(s.).15 E
58.86(\255o Append)102 478.2 R(to an e)2.5 E(xisting \(old\) \214le.)
-.15 E 60.53(\255r Allo)102 494.4 R 3.668(wr)-.25 G 1.168
(eplacement of e)-3.668 F 1.168(xisting k)-.15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 1.168
(s; normally).15 F 3.668(,r)-.65 G 1.168(e-inserting an e)-3.668 F 1.168
(xisting k)-.15 F 1.469 -.15(ey i)-.1 H 3.669(sa).15 G(n)-3.669 E(error)
174 506.4 Q(.)-.55 E 58.86(\255v Print)102 522.6 R(what is happening.)
2.5 E(The)102 538.8 Q F2(sendmail)3.606 E F1 1.106(daemon does not ha)
3.606 F 1.406 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 3.606(ob).15 G 3.606(er)-3.606 G 1.106
(estarted to read the ne)-3.606 F 3.605(wm)-.25 G 1.105
(aps as long as you change)-3.605 F
(them in place; \214le locking is used so that the maps w)102 552.8 Q
(on')-.1 E 2.5(tb)-.18 G 2.5(er)-2.5 G(ead while the)-2.5 E 2.5(ya)-.15
G(re being updated.)-2.5 E/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(22)-4 I F1(Ne)127 569 Q
2.5(wc)-.25 G(lasses can be added in the routine)-2.5 E F0(setupmaps)2.5
E F1(in \214le)2.5 E F0(conf)2.5 E(.c)-.15 E F1(.)A F0 2.5(5.10. The)87
593 R(User Database)2.5 E F1 .109(If you ha)127 609.2 R .409 -.15
(ve a ve)-.2 H .109(rsion of).15 F F2(sendmail)2.609 E F1 .109
(with the user database package compiled in, the handling of)2.609 F
(sender and recipient addresses is modi\214ed.)102 621.2 Q
(The location of this database is controlled with the)127 637.4 Q F0
(UserDatabaseSpec)2.5 E F1(option.)2.5 E .32 LW 76 669.2 72 669.2 DL 80
669.2 76 669.2 DL 84 669.2 80 669.2 DL 88 669.2 84 669.2 DL 92 669.2 88
669.2 DL 96 669.2 92 669.2 DL 100 669.2 96 669.2 DL 104 669.2 100 669.2
DL 108 669.2 104 669.2 DL 112 669.2 108 669.2 DL 116 669.2 112 669.2 DL
120 669.2 116 669.2 DL 124 669.2 120 669.2 DL 128 669.2 124 669.2 DL 132
669.2 128 669.2 DL 136 669.2 132 669.2 DL 140 669.2 136 669.2 DL 144
669.2 140 669.2 DL 148 669.2 144 669.2 DL 152 669.2 148 669.2 DL 156
669.2 152 669.2 DL 160 669.2 156 669.2 DL 164 669.2 160 669.2 DL 168
669.2 164 669.2 DL 172 669.2 168 669.2 DL 176 669.2 172 669.2 DL 180
669.2 176 669.2 DL 184 669.2 180 669.2 DL 188 669.2 184 669.2 DL 192
669.2 188 669.2 DL 196 669.2 192 669.2 DL 200 669.2 196 669.2 DL 204
669.2 200 669.2 DL 208 669.2 204 669.2 DL 212 669.2 208 669.2 DL 216
669.2 212 669.2 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(22)93.6 679.6 Q/F5 8
/Times-Roman@0 SF .465(That is, don')3.2 J 2.465(tc)-.144 G .465
(reate ne)-2.465 F 2.465(wm)-.2 G .466(aps and then use)-2.465 F/F6 8
/Times-Italic@0 SF(mv)2.466 E F5 .466(\(1\) to mo)B .706 -.12(ve t)-.12
H .466(hem into place.).12 F .466
(Since the maps are already open the ne)4.466 F 2.466(wm)-.2 G(aps)
-2.466 E(will ne)72 692.4 Q -.12(ve)-.2 G 2(rb).12 G 2(es)-2 G(een.)-2 E
EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-56 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(5.10.1. Structur)102 96 R
2.5(eo)-.18 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he user database)-2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0
SF(The database is a sorted \(BT)142 112.2 Q(ree-based\) structure.)-.35
E(User records are stored with the k)5 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(:).15 E/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(user)157 128.4 Q(-name)-.2 E F0(:)A F2(\214eld-name)A
F1 .128(The sorted database format ensures that user records are clustered together)
117 144.6 R 5.129(.M)-.55 G .129(eta-information is)-5.129 F(al)117
156.6 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys stored with a leading colon.).1 E
(Field names de\214ne both the syntax and semantics of the v)142 172.8 Q
2.5(alue. De\214ned)-.25 F(\214elds include:)2.5 E 33.39(maildrop The)
117 189 R(deli)4.873 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.373(ry address for this user).15
F 7.373(.T)-.55 G 2.372(here may be multiple v)-7.373 F 2.372
(alues of this)-.25 F 2.675(record. In)189 201 R(particular)2.675 E
2.675(,m)-.4 G .175(ailing lists will ha)-2.675 F .475 -.15(ve o)-.2 H
(ne).15 E F2(maildr)2.675 E(op)-.45 E F1 .175(record for each user)2.675
F(on the list.)189 213 Q 30.06(mailname The)117 229.2 R 1.027
(outgoing mailname for this user)3.527 F 6.026(.F)-.55 G 1.026
(or each outgoing name, there should)-6.176 F .08(be an appropriate)189
241.2 R F2(maildr)2.58 E(op)-.45 E F1 .08(record for that name to allo)
2.58 F 2.58(wr)-.25 G .08(eturn mail.)-2.58 F .08(See also)5.08 F F2
(:default:mailname)189 253.2 Q F1(.)A 25.62(mailsender Changes)117 269.4
R(an)3.448 E 3.448(ym)-.15 G .948(ail sent to this address to ha)-3.448
F 1.247 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .947(he indicated en).15 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .947
(lope sender).15 F(.)-.55 E .498(This is intended for mailing lists, and will normally be the name of an appro-)
189 281.4 R .755(priate -request address.)189 293.4 R .755(It is v)5.755
F .755(ery similar to the o)-.15 F(wner)-.25 E(-)-.2 E F2(list)A F1 .754
(syntax in the alias)3.254 F(\214le.)189 305.4 Q 33.95(fullname The)117
321.6 R(full name of the user)2.5 E(.)-.55 E(of)117 337.8 Q 13.66
(\214ce-address The)-.25 F(of)2.5 E(\214ce address for this user)-.25 E
(.)-.55 E(of)117 354 Q 19.21(\214ce-phone The)-.25 F(of)2.5 E
(\214ce phone number for this user)-.25 E(.)-.55 E(of)117 370.2 Q
(\214ce-f)-.25 E 30.98(ax The)-.1 F(of)2.5 E(\214ce F)-.25 E
(AX number for this user)-.74 E(.)-.55 E 13.96(home-address The)117
386.4 R(home address for this user)2.5 E(.)-.55 E 19.51(home-phone The)
117 402.6 R(home phone number for this user)2.5 E(.)-.55 E(home-f)117
418.8 Q 31.28(ax The)-.1 F(home F)2.5 E(AX number for this user)-.74 E
(.)-.55 E 41.73(project A)117 435 R .855
(\(short\) description of the project this person is af)3.355 F .856
(\214liated with.)-.25 F .856(In the Uni-)5.856 F -.15(ve)189 447 S
(rsity this is often just the name of their graduate advisor).15 E(.)
-.55 E 52.28(plan A)117 463.2 R
(pointer to a \214le from which plan information can be g)2.5 E
(athered.)-.05 E .925(As of this writing, only a fe)142 479.4 R 3.424
(wo)-.25 G 3.424(ft)-3.424 G .924
(hese \214elds are actually being used by)-3.424 F F2(sendmail)3.424 E
F1(:)A F2(mail-)3.424 E(dr)117 491.4 Q(op)-.45 E F1(and)2.5 E F2
(mailname)2.5 E F1 5(.A)C F2(\214ng)-2.5 E(er)-.1 E F1
(program that uses the other \214elds is planned.)2.5 E F0 2.5
(5.10.2. User)102 515.4 R(database semantics)2.5 E F1 .995(When the re)
142 531.6 R .995(writing rules submit an address to the local mailer)
-.25 F 3.496(,t)-.4 G .996(he user name is passed)-3.496 F .781
(through the alias \214le.)117 543.6 R .78(If no alias is found \(or if the alias points back to the same address\), the)
5.781 F 1.777
(name \(with \231:maildrop\232 appended\) is then used as a k)117 555.6
R 2.078 -.15(ey i)-.1 H 4.278(nt).15 G 1.778(he user database.)-4.278 F
1.778(If no match)6.778 F
(occurs \(or if the maildrop points at the same address\), forw)117
567.6 Q(arding is tried.)-.1 E .551(If the \214rst tok)142 583.8 R .55(en of the user name returned by ruleset 0 is an \231@\232 sign, the user database)
-.1 F .625(lookup is skipped.)117 595.8 R .625
(The intent is that the user database will act as a set of def)5.625 F
.626(aults for a cluster)-.1 F 1.533
(\(in our case, the Computer Science Di)117 607.8 R 1.533
(vision\); mail sent to a speci\214c machine should ignore)-.25 F
(these def)117 619.8 Q(aults.)-.1 E .351
(When mail is sent, the name of the sending user is look)142 636 R .351
(ed up in the database.)-.1 F .352(If that user)5.351 F .041
(has a \231mailname\232 record, the v)117 648 R .041
(alue of that record is used as their outgoing name.)-.25 F -.15(Fo)5.04
G 2.54(re).15 G .04(xample, I)-2.69 F(might ha)117 660 Q .3 -.15(ve a r)
-.2 H(ecord:).15 E 48.29(eric:mailname Eric.Allman@CS.Berk)157 676.2 R
(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E(This w)117 692.4 Q
(ould cause my outgoing mail to be sent as Eric.Allman.)-.1 E .519
(If a \231maildrop\232 is found for the user)142 708.6 R 3.019(,b)-.4 G
.52(ut no corresponding \231mailname\232 record e)-3.219 F .52
(xists, the)-.15 F 1.128(record \231:def)117 720.6 R 1.128
(ault:mailname\232 is consulted.)-.1 F 1.127
(If present, this is the name of a host to o)6.128 F -.15(ve)-.15 G
1.127(rride the).15 F EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-57)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .625(local host.)117 96 R
-.15(Fo)5.625 G 3.125(re).15 G .625(xample, in our case we w)-3.275 F
.625(ould set it to \231CS.Berk)-.1 F(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G 3.125
(EDU\232. The).65 F(ef)3.125 E .625(fect is that)-.25 F(an)117 108 Q
.882(yone kno)-.15 F .882(wn in the database gets their outgoing mail stamped as \231user@CS.Berk)
-.25 F(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU\232,).65 E -.2(bu)117 120 S 2.5(tp)
.2 G(eople not listed in the database use the local hostname.)-2.5 E F0
2.5(5.10.3. Cr)102 146 R(eating the database)-.18 E/F2 7/Times-Bold@0 SF
(23)-4 I F1 .375(The user database is b)142 162.2 R .375(uilt from a te)
-.2 F .375(xt \214le using the)-.15 F/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(mak)2.875
E(emap)-.1 E F1 .375(utility \(in the distrib)2.875 F .375(ution in)-.2
F 1.038(the mak)117 174.2 R 1.038(emap subdirectory\).)-.1 F 1.038
(The te)6.038 F 1.039
(xt \214le is a series of lines corresponding to userdb records;)-.15 F
1.589(each line has a k)117 186.2 R 1.889 -.15(ey a)-.1 H 1.589(nd a v)
.15 F 1.589(alue separated by white space.)-.25 F 1.589(The k)6.589 F
1.889 -.15(ey i)-.1 H 4.089(sa).15 G -.1(lwa)-4.089 G 1.588
(ys in the format).1 F(described abo)117 198.2 Q .3 -.15(ve \212 f)-.15
H(or e).15 E(xample:)-.15 E(eric:maildrop)157 214.4 Q .447
(This \214le is normally installed in a system directory; for e)117
230.6 R .448(xample, it might be called)-.15 F F3(/etc/user)2.948 E(db)
-.37 E F1(.)A 1.6 -.8(To m)117 242.6 T(ak).8 E 2.5(et)-.1 G
(he database v)-2.5 E(ersion of the map, run the program:)-.15 E(mak)157
258.8 Q(emap btree /etc/userdb)-.1 E(.db < /etc/userdb)-.4 E .077
(Then create a con\214g \214le that uses this.)117 275 R -.15(Fo)5.077 G
2.577(re).15 G .077
(xample, using the V8 M4 con\214guration, include the)-2.727 F(follo)117
287 Q(wing line in your .mc \214le:)-.25 E
(de\214ne\(\222confUSERDB_SPEC\264, /etc/userdb)157 303.2 Q(.db\))-.4 E
F0 2.5(6. O)72 331.4 R(THER CONFIGURA)-.4 E(TION)-.95 E F1 .907
(There are some con\214guration changes that can be made by recompiling)
112 347.6 R F3(sendmail)3.407 E F1 5.907(.T)C .907(his section)-5.907 F
1.139(describes what changes can be made and what has to be modi\214ed to mak)
87 359.6 R 3.639(et)-.1 G 3.639(hem. In)-3.639 F 1.138(most cases this)
3.639 F(should be unnecessary unless you are porting)87 371.6 Q F3
(sendmail)2.5 E F1(to a ne)2.5 E 2.5(we)-.25 G -.4(nv)-2.5 G(ironment.)
.4 E F0 2.5(6.1. P)87 395.6 R(arameters in sr)-.1 E(c/Mak)-.18 E
(e\214le)-.1 E F1 .92
(These parameters are intended to describe the compilation en)127 411.8
R .92(vironment, not site polic)-.4 F 2.22 -.65(y, a)-.15 H(nd).65 E
(should normally be de\214ned in src/Mak)102 423.8 Q(e\214le.)-.1 E 39.5
(NDBM If)102 440 R .665(set, the ne)3.165 F 3.165(wv)-.25 G .664
(ersion of the DBM library that allo)-3.315 F .664
(ws multiple databases will be)-.25 F 2.542(used. If)174 452 R .042
(neither NDBM nor NEWDB are set, a much less ef)2.542 F .043
(\214cient method of alias)-.25 F(lookup is used.)174 464 Q 32.84
(NEWDB If)102 480.2 R .142(set, use the ne)2.642 F 2.642(wd)-.25 G .142
(atabase package from Berk)-2.642 F(ele)-.1 E 2.641(y\()-.15 G .141
(from 4.4BSD\).)-2.641 F .141(This package)5.141 F .266
(is substantially f)174 492.2 R .267(aster than DBM or NDBM.)-.1 F .267
(If NEWDB and NDBM are both set,)5.267 F F3(sendmail)174 504.2 Q F1
(will read DBM \214les, b)2.5 E(ut will create and use NEWDB \214les.)
-.2 E 53.39(NIS Include)102 520.4 R .12(support for NIS.)2.62 F .119
(If set together with)5.119 F F3(both)2.619 E F1 .119(NEWDB and NDBM,)
2.619 F F3(sendmail)2.619 E F1 .947(will create both DBM and NEWDB \214les if and only if an alias \214le includes the)
174 532.4 R 3.409(substring \231/yp/\232 in the name.)174 544.4 R 3.409
(This is intended for compatibility with Sun)8.409 F(Microsystems')174
556.4 Q F3(mkalias)2.5 E F1(program used on YP masters.)2.5 E 28.94
(NISPLUS Compile)102 572.6 R(in support for NIS+.)2.5 E 26.73
(NETINFO Compile)102 588.8 R(in support for NetInfo \(NeXT stations\).)
2.5 E(LD)102 605 Q 22.12(APMAP Compile)-.4 F 1.225(in support for LD)
3.725 F 1.225(AP X500 queries.)-.4 F 1.226
(Requires libldap and liblber from)6.226 F(the Umich LD)174 617 Q
(AP 3.2 or 3.3 release.)-.4 E 32.84(HESIOD Compile)102 633.2 R
(in support for Hesiod.)2.5 E(_P)102 649.4 Q -1.11(AT)-.92 G
(H_SENDMAILCF)1.11 E(The pathname of the sendmail.cf \214le.)174 661.4 Q
.32 LW 76 671 72 671 DL 80 671 76 671 DL 84 671 80 671 DL 88 671 84 671
DL 92 671 88 671 DL 96 671 92 671 DL 100 671 96 671 DL 104 671 100 671
DL 108 671 104 671 DL 112 671 108 671 DL 116 671 112 671 DL 120 671 116
671 DL 124 671 120 671 DL 128 671 124 671 DL 132 671 128 671 DL 136 671
132 671 DL 140 671 136 671 DL 144 671 140 671 DL 148 671 144 671 DL 152
671 148 671 DL 156 671 152 671 DL 160 671 156 671 DL 164 671 160 671 DL
168 671 164 671 DL 172 671 168 671 DL 176 671 172 671 DL 180 671 176 671
DL 184 671 180 671 DL 188 671 184 671 DL 192 671 188 671 DL 196 671 192
671 DL 200 671 196 671 DL 204 671 200 671 DL 208 671 204 671 DL 212 671
208 671 DL 216 671 212 671 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(23)93.6 681.4 Q/F5 8
/Times-Roman@0 SF .288(These instructions are kno)3.2 J .289
(wn to be incomplete.)-.2 F 2.289(Af)4.289 G .289(uture v)-2.289 F .289
(ersion of the user database is planned including things such as \214n-)
-.12 F(ger service \212 and good documentation.)72 694.2 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-58 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(_P)102 96
Q -1.11(AT)-.92 G(H_SENDMAILPID)1.11 E
(The pathname of the sendmail.pid \214le.)174 108 Q 1.44
(There are also se)127 124.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.439
(ral compilation \215ags to indicate the en).15 F 1.439
(vironment such as \231_AIX3\232 and)-.4 F 2.5(\231_SCO_unix_\232. See)
102 136.2 R(the READ_ME \214le for the latest scoop on these \215ags.)
2.5 E F0 2.5(6.2. P)87 160.2 R(arameters in sr)-.1 E(c/conf)-.18 E(.h)
-.15 E F1 -.15(Pa)127 176.4 S .895
(rameters and compilation options are de\214ned in conf.h.).15 F .896
(Most of these need not normally)5.895 F .193(be tweak)102 188.4 R .192
(ed; common parameters are all in sendmail.cf.)-.1 F(Ho)5.192 E(we)-.25
E -.15(ve)-.25 G .992 -.4(r, t).15 H .192(he sizes of certain primiti).4
F .492 -.15(ve ve)-.25 H(c-).15 E
(tors, etc., are included in this \214le.)102 200.4 Q(The numbers follo)
5 E(wing the parameters are their def)-.25 E(ault v)-.1 E(alue.)-.25 E
1.247(This document is not the best source of information for compilation \215ags in conf.h \212 see)
127 216.6 R(src/READ_ME or src/conf.h itself.)102 228.6 Q
(MAXLINE [2048])102 244.8 Q 2.069(The maximum line length of an)11.14 F
4.568(yi)-.15 G 2.068(nput line.)-4.568 F 2.068(If message lines e)7.068
F 2.068(xceed this)-.15 F .575(length the)188.4 256.8 R 3.075(yw)-.15 G
.575(ill still be processed correctly; ho)-3.075 F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)
-.25 G 1.375 -.4(r, h).15 H .575(eader lines, con\214gura-).4 F
(tion \214le lines, alias lines, etc., must \214t within this limit.)
188.4 268.8 Q(MAXN)102 285 Q(AME [256])-.35 E(The maximum length of an)
9.82 E 2.5(yn)-.15 G(ame, such as a host or a user name.)-2.5 E
(MAXPV [40])102 301.2 Q .25(The maximum number of parameters to an)31.13
F 2.75(ym)-.15 G(ailer)-2.75 E 5.25(.T)-.55 G .25
(his limits the number of)-5.25 F .375
(recipients that may be passed in one transaction.)188.4 313.2 R .376
(It can be set to an)5.376 F 2.876(ya)-.15 G(rbitrary)-2.876 E .876
(number abo)188.4 325.2 R 1.176 -.15(ve a)-.15 H .876(bout 10, since).15
F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.376 E F1 .876(will break up a deli)
3.376 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .875(ry into smaller).15 F .886
(batches as needed.)188.4 337.2 R 3.386(Ah)5.886 G .887
(igher number may reduce load on your system, ho)-3.386 F(w-)-.25 E
-2.15 -.25(ev e)188.4 349.2 T -.55(r.).25 G(MAXA)102 365.4 Q -.18(TO)
-1.11 G 2.5(M[).18 G 8.26(100] The)-2.5 F .064
(maximum number of atoms \(tok)2.564 F .063(ens\) in a single address.)
-.1 F -.15(Fo)5.063 G 2.563(re).15 G .063(xample, the)-2.713 F
(address \231eric@CS.Berk)188.4 377.4 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G
(EDU\232 is se).65 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(na).15 G(toms.)-2.5 E
(MAXMAILERS [25])102 393.6 Q .122(The maximum number of mailers that may be de\214ned in the con\214guration \214le.)
.02 F(MAXR)102 409.8 Q(WSETS [200])-.55 E .432(The maximum number of re)
.01 F .432(writing sets that may be de\214ned.)-.25 F .431
(The \214rst half of)5.431 F .034(these are reserv)188.4 421.8 R .034
(ed for numeric speci\214cation \(e.g., `)-.15 F(`S92')-.74 E .035
('\), while the upper half)-.74 F .492(are reserv)188.4 433.8 R .492
(ed for auto-numbering \(e.g., `)-.15 F(`Sfoo')-.74 E 2.992('\). Thus,)
-.74 F .492(with a v)2.992 F .491(alue of 200 an)-.25 F
(attempt to use `)188.4 445.8 Q(`S99')-.74 E 2.5('w)-.74 G
(ill succeed, b)-2.5 E(ut `)-.2 E(`S100')-.74 E 2.5('w)-.74 G(ill f)-2.5
E(ail.)-.1 E(MAXPRIORITIES [25])102 462 Q 2.481(The maximum number of v)
188.4 474 R 2.482(alues for the \231Precedence:\232 \214eld that may be)
-.25 F(de\214ned \(using the)188.4 486 Q F0(P)2.5 E F1
(line in sendmail.cf\).)2.5 E(MAXUSERENVIR)102 502.2 Q(ON [100])-.4 E
.399(The maximum number of items in the user en)188.4 514.2 R .399
(vironment that will be passed to)-.4 F(subordinate mailers.)188.4 526.2
Q(MAXMXHOSTS [100])102 542.4 Q
(The maximum number of MX records we will accept for an)188.4 554.4 Q
2.5(ys)-.15 G(ingle host.)-2.5 E(MAXALIASDB [12])102 570.6 Q .767
(The maximum number of alias databases that can be open at an).58 F
3.267(yt)-.15 G 3.267(ime. Note)-3.267 F
(that there may also be an open \214le limit.)188.4 582.6 Q(MAXMAPST)102
598.8 Q -.4(AC)-.93 G 2.5(K[).4 G(12])-2.5 E 1.65
(The maximum number of maps that may be "stack)188.4 610.8 R 1.65
(ed" in a)-.1 F F0(sequence)4.15 E F1(class)4.15 E(map.)188.4 622.8 Q
(MAXMIMEARGS [20])102 639 Q .718(The maximum number of ar)188.4 651 R
.718(guments in a MIME Content-T)-.18 F .718(ype: header; addi-)-.8 F
(tional ar)188.4 663 Q(guments will be ignored.)-.18 E
(MAXMIMENESTING [20])102 679.2 Q .4(The maximum depth to which MIME messages may be nested \(that is, nested)
188.4 691.2 R 1.344(Message or Multipart documents; this does not limit the number of compo-)
188.4 703.2 R(nents in a single Multipart document\).)188.4 715.2 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-59)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 2.851(An)102 96 S .351
(umber of other compilation options e)-2.851 F 2.851(xist. These)-.15 F
.35(specify whether or not speci\214c code should be)2.851 F
(compiled in.)102 108 Q(Ones mark)5 E(ed with \207 are 0/1 v)-.1 E
(alued.)-.25 E 36.69(NETINET\207 If)102 124.2 R .829
(set, support for Internet protocol netw)3.329 F .829
(orking is compiled in.)-.1 F(Pre)5.829 E .83(vious v)-.25 F(er)-.15 E
(-)-.2 E .178(sions of)188.4 136.2 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)
2.678 E F1 .178(referred to this as)2.678 F/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF -.36
(DA)2.678 G(EMON).36 E F1 2.677(;t)C .177(his old usage is no)-2.677 F
2.677(wi)-.25 G(ncorrect.)-2.677 E(Def)188.4 148.2 Q 1.87
(aults on; turn it of)-.1 F 4.37(fi)-.25 G 4.37(nt)-4.37 G 1.87(he Mak)
-4.37 F 1.87(e\214le if your system doesn')-.1 F 4.37(ts)-.18 G 1.87
(upport the)-4.37 F(Internet protocols.)188.4 160.2 Q 43.35
(NETISO\207 If)102 176.4 R .143(set, support for ISO protocol netw)2.643
F .142(orking is compiled in \(it may be appropri-)-.1 F
(ate to #de\214ne this in the Mak)188.4 188.4 Q
(e\214le instead of conf.h\).)-.1 E 63.35(LOG If)102 204.6 R .5
(set, the)3 F F2(syslo)3 E(g)-.1 E F1 .5
(routine in use at some sites is used.)3 F .5(This mak)5.5 F .5
(es an informa-)-.1 F .504
(tional log record for each message processed, and mak)188.4 216.6 R
.504(es a higher priority log)-.1 F .052
(record for internal system errors.)188.4 228.6 R F0(STR)5.052 E(ONGL)
-.3 E 2.552(YR)-.92 G(ECOMMENDED)-2.552 E F1 2.553<8a69>2.552 G 2.553
(fy)-2.553 G(ou)-2.553 E -.1(wa)188.4 240.6 S(nt no logging, turn it of)
.1 E 2.5(fi)-.25 G 2.5(nt)-2.5 G(he con\214guration \214le.)-2.5 E(MA)
102 256.8 Q 11.12(TCHGECOS\207 Compile)-1.11 F 3.555
(in the code to do `)6.055 F 3.555(`fuzzy matching')-.74 F 6.055('o)-.74
G 6.055(nt)-6.055 G 3.555(he GECOS \214eld in)-6.055 F 2.5
(/etc/passwd. This)188.4 268.8 R(also requires that the)2.5 E F0
(MatchGECOS)2.5 E F1(option be turned on.)2.5 E -.35(NA)102 285 S 13.15
(MED_BIND\207 Compile).35 F .412(in code to use the Berk)2.912 F(ele)-.1
E 2.913(yI)-.15 G .413(nternet Name Domain \(BIND\) serv)-2.913 F .413
(er to)-.15 F(resolv)188.4 297 Q 2.5(eT)-.15 G(CP/IP host names.)-2.5 E
(NO)102 313.2 Q 38.76(TUNIX If)-.4 F .248(you are using a non-UNIX mail format, you can set this \215ag to turn of)
2.748 F 2.747(fs)-.25 G(pe-)-2.747 E
(cial processing of UNIX-style \231From \232 lines.)188.4 325.2 Q -.1
(QU)102 341.4 S 45.12(EUE\207 This).1 F 1.559
(\215ag should be set to compile in the queueing code.)4.059 F 1.56
(If this is not set,)6.56 F(mailers must accept the mail immediately or it will be returned to the sender)
188.4 353.4 Q(.)-.55 E 52.78(SMTP\207 If)102 369.6 R .756
(set, the code to handle user and serv)3.256 F .756
(er SMTP will be compiled in.)-.15 F .756(This is)5.756 F 2.507
(only necessary if your machine has some mailer that speaks SMTP \(this)
188.4 381.6 R(means most machines e)188.4 393.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(rywhere\).).15 E 39.45(USERDB\207 Include)102 409.8 R(the)3.449 E F0
(experimental)3.449 E F1(Berk)3.449 E(ele)-.1 E 3.449(yu)-.15 G .949
(ser information database package.)-3.449 F(This)5.948 E .27(adds a ne)
188.4 421.8 R 2.77(wl)-.25 G -2.15 -.25(ev e)-2.77 H 2.77(lo).25 G 2.77
(fl)-2.77 G .27(ocal name e)-2.77 F .27
(xpansion between aliasing and forw)-.15 F 2.77(arding. It)-.1 F
(also uses the NEWDB package.)188.4 433.8 Q
(This may change in future releases.)5 E(The follo)102 450 Q
(wing options are normally turned on in per)-.25 E
(-operating-system clauses in conf.h.)-.2 E(IDENTPR)102 466.2 Q -1.88
-.4(OT O)-.4 H 19.61<8743>.4 G .376
(ompile in the IDENT protocol as de\214ned in RFC 1413.)-19.61 F .375
(This def)5.375 F .375(aults on for)-.1 F 1.053(all systems e)188.4
478.2 R 1.053(xcept Ultrix, which apparently has the interesting \231feature\232 that)
-.15 F .83(when it recei)188.4 490.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.33(sa\231).15 G
.83(host unreachable\232 message it closes all open connections)-3.33 F
1.921(to that host.)188.4 502.2 R 1.921(Since some \214re)6.921 F -.1
(wa)-.25 G 1.922(ll g).1 F(ate)-.05 E -.1(wa)-.25 G 1.922
(ys send this error code when you).1 F 2.055(access an unauthorized port \(such as 113, used by IDENT\), Ultrix cannot)
188.4 514.2 R(recei)188.4 526.2 Q .3 -.15(ve e)-.25 H
(mail from such hosts.).15 E 39.45(SYSTEM5 Set)102 542.4 R
(all of the compilation parameters appropriate for System V)2.5 E(.)
-1.29 E 26.12(HASFLOCK\207 Use)102 558.6 R(Berk)2.844 E(ele)-.1 E
(y-style)-.15 E F0(\215ock)2.844 E F1 .344(instead of System V)2.844 F
F0(lockf)2.845 E F1 .345(to do \214le locking.)2.845 F .345(Due to)5.345
F .184(the highly unusual semantics of locks across forks in)188.4 570.6
R F0(lockf)2.684 E F1 2.684(,t)C .184(his should al)-2.684 F -.1(wa)-.1
G(ys).1 E(be used if at all possible.)188.4 582.6 Q(HASINITGR)102 598.8
Q 4.86(OUPS Set)-.4 F 1.284(this if your system has the)3.783 F F2
(initgr)3.784 E(oups\(\))-.45 E F1 1.284(call \(if you ha)3.784 F 1.584
-.15(ve m)-.2 H 1.284(ultiple group).15 F 4.417(support\). This)188.4
610.8 R 1.917(is the def)4.417 F 1.917(ault if SYSTEM5 is)-.1 F F2(not)
4.416 E F1 1.916(de\214ned or if you are on)4.416 F(HPUX.)188.4 622.8 Q
(HASUN)102 639 Q 27.59(AME Set)-.35 F 1.148(this if you ha)3.648 F 1.448
-.15(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E F2(uname)3.648 E F1 1.149
(\(2\) system call \(or corresponding library rou-)B 2.5(tine\). Set)
188.4 651 R(by def)2.5 E(ault if SYSTEM5 is set.)-.1 E(HASGETDT)102
667.2 Q(ABLESIZE)-.93 E(Set this if you ha)188.4 679.2 Q .3 -.15(ve t)
-.2 H(he).15 E F2 -.1(ge)2.5 G(tdtablesize).1 E F1(\(2\) system call.)A
(HASW)102 695.4 Q 22.89(AITPID Set)-1.2 F(this if you ha)2.5 E .3 -.15
(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E F2(haswaitpid)2.5 E F1(\(2\) system call.)A 37.22
(SFS_TYPE The)102 711.6 R .517
(mechanism that can be used to get \214le system capacity information.)
3.017 F(The)5.516 E -.25(va)188.4 723.6 S .214
(lues can be one of SFS_UST).25 F 2.435 -1.11(AT \()-.93 H .215
(use the ustat\(2\) syscall\), SFS_4ARGS \(use)1.11 F EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-60 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .415
(the four ar)188.4 96 R .415
(gument statfs\(2\) syscall\), SFS_VFS \(use the tw)-.18 F 2.915(oa)-.1
G -.18(rg)-2.915 G .415(ument statfs\(2\)).18 F .716
(syscall including <sys/vfs.h>\), SFS_MOUNT \(use the tw)188.4 108 R
3.217(oa)-.1 G -.18(rg)-3.217 G .717(ument statfs\(2\)).18 F 4.32
(syscall including <sys/mount.h>\), SFS_ST)188.4 120 R -1.11(AT)-.93 G
4.32(FS \(use the tw)1.11 F 6.82(oa)-.1 G -.18(rg)-6.82 G(ument).18 E
1.108(statfs\(2\) syscall including <sys/statfs.h>\), SFS_ST)188.4 132 R
-1.11(AT)-.93 G 1.109(VFS \(use the tw)1.11 F 3.609(oa)-.1 G -.18(rg)
-3.609 G(u-).18 E 1.511(ment statfs\(2\) syscall including <sys/statvfs.h>\), or SFS_NONE \(no w)
188.4 144 R 1.511(ay to)-.1 F(get this information\).)188.4 156 Q 40.57
(LA_TYPE The)102 172.2 R(load a)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(rage type.).15 E
(Details are described belo)5 E -.65(w.)-.25 G .342(The are se)102 188.4
R -.15(ve)-.25 G .342(ral b).15 F .342(uilt-in w)-.2 F .342
(ays of computing the load a)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.2 G(rage.).15 E/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(Sendmail)5.342 E F1 .343
(tries to auto-con\214gure them)2.842 F .267
(based on imperfect guesses; you can select one using the)102 200.4 R F2
(cc)2.766 E F1(option)2.766 E F0(\255DLA_TYPE=)2.766 E F2(type)A F1
2.766(,w)C(here)-2.766 E F2(type)2.766 E F1(is:)102 212.4 Q 48.91
(LA_INT The)102 228.6 R -.1(ke)3.452 G .952(rnel stores the load a).1 F
-.15(ve)-.2 G .952(rage in the k).15 F .952
(ernel as an array of long inte)-.1 F(gers.)-.15 E(The actual v)188.4
240.6 Q(alues are scaled by a f)-.25 E(actor FSCALE \(def)-.1 E
(ault 256\).)-.1 E(LA_SHOR)102 256.8 Q 35.89(TT)-.6 G .794(he k)-35.89 F
.794(ernel stores the load a)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .794(rage in the k).15
F .793(ernel as an array of short inte)-.1 F(gers.)-.15 E(The actual v)
188.4 268.8 Q(alues are scaled by a f)-.25 E(actor FSCALE \(def)-.1 E
(ault 256\).)-.1 E(LA_FLO)102 285 Q 37.03 -1.11(AT T)-.35 H .088(he k)
1.11 F .088(ernel stores the load a)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .089
(rage in the k).15 F .089(ernel as an array of double precision)-.1 F
(\215oats.)188.4 297 Q(LA_MA)102 313.2 Q 35.97(CH Use)-.4 F(MA)2.5 E
(CH-style load a)-.4 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(rages.).15 E 39.45(LA_SUBR Call)102
329.4 R(the)2.5 E F2 -.1(ge)2.5 G(tloadavg).1 E F1
(routine to get the load a)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.2 G
(rage as an array of doubles.).15 E(LA_ZER)102 345.6 Q 42.36(OA)-.4 G
-.1(lwa)-42.36 G(ys return zero as the load a).1 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5
(rage. This).15 F(is the f)2.5 E(allback case.)-.1 E .494(If type)102
361.8 R/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(LA_INT)2.994 E F1(,)A F3(LA_SHOR)2.994 E
(T)-.54 E F1 2.994(,o)C(r)-2.994 E F3(LA_FLO)2.993 E -.999(AT)-.315 G F1
.493(is speci\214ed, you may also need to specify)3.992 F F3(_P)2.993 E
-.999(AT)-.828 G(H_UNIX).999 E F1 .948
(\(the path to your system binary\) and)102 373.8 R F3(LA_A)3.448 E
(VENR)-1.215 E(UN)-.36 E F1 .949(\(the name of the v)3.448 F .949
(ariable containing the load)-.25 F -2.25 -.2(av e)102 385.8 T
(rage in the k).2 E(ernel; usually \231_a)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.2 G
(nrun\232 or \231a).15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(nrun\232\).).15 E F0 2.5
(6.3. Con\214guration)87 409.8 R(in sr)2.5 E(c/conf)-.18 E(.c)-.15 E F1
(The follo)127 426 Q(wing changes can be made in conf.c.)-.25 E F0 2.5
(6.3.1. Built-in)102 450 R(Header Semantics)2.5 E F1 1.248
(Not all header semantics are de\214ned in the con\214guration \214le.)
142 466.2 R 1.247(Header lines that should)6.247 F .305(only be included by certain mailers \(as well as other more obscure semantics\) must be speci\214ed)
117 478.2 R .047(in the)117 490.2 R F2(HdrInfo)2.547 E F1 .047(table in)
2.547 F F2(conf)2.547 E(.c)-.15 E F1 5.047(.T)C .046
(his table contains the header name \(which should be in all lo)-5.047 F
(wer)-.25 E(case\) and a set of header control \215ags \(described belo)
117 502.2 Q(w\), The \215ags are:)-.25 E(H_A)117 518.4 Q 30.97
(CHECK Normally)-.4 F .007
(when the check is made to see if a header line is compatible with)2.507
F 2.941(am)203.4 530.4 S(ailer)-2.941 E(,)-.4 E F2(sendmail)2.941 E F1
.441(will not delete an e)2.941 F .441(xisting line.)-.15 F .44
(If this \215ag is set,)5.441 F F2(send-)2.94 E(mail)203.4 542.4 Q F1
.152(will delete e)2.652 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.652(ne).15 G .152
(xisting header lines.)-2.802 F .152
(That is, if this bit is set and the)5.152 F 1.425(mailer does not ha)
203.4 554.4 R 1.725 -.15(ve \215)-.2 H 1.425
(ag bits set that intersect with the required mailer).15 F 2.204
(\215ags in the header de\214nition in sendmail.cf, the header line is)
203.4 566.4 R F2(always)4.704 E F1(deleted.)203.4 578.4 Q 51.13
(H_EOH If)117 594.6 R .206(this header \214eld is set, treat it lik)
2.706 F 2.706(eab)-.1 G .206(lank line, i.e., it will signal the end)
-2.706 F(of the header and the be)203.4 606.6 Q
(ginning of the message te)-.15 E(xt.)-.15 E 39.45(H_FORCE Add)117 622.8
R 2.038(this header entry e)4.538 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.538(ni).15 G 4.538
(fo)-4.538 G 2.038(ne e)-4.538 F 2.039(xisted in the message before.)
-.15 F 2.039(If a)7.039 F 2.189(header entry does not ha)203.4 634.8 R
2.488 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.188(his bit set,).15 F F2(sendmail)4.688 E F1
2.188(will not add another)4.688 F .62
(header line if a header line of this name already e)203.4 646.8 R 3.12
(xisted. This)-.15 F -.1(wo)3.12 G .62(uld nor).1 F(-)-.2 E
(mally be used to stamp the message by e)203.4 658.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ryone who handled it.).15 E(H_TRA)117 675 Q 39.3(CE If)-.4 F 1.044
(set, this is a timestamp \(trace\) \214eld.)3.544 F 1.043
(If the number of trace \214elds in a)6.043 F .705(message e)203.4 687 R
.705(xceeds a preset amount the message is returned on the assump-)-.15
F(tion that it has an aliasing loop.)203.4 699 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-61)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 46.67(H_RCPT If)117 96 R .332
(set, this \214eld contains recipient addresses.)2.833 F .332
(This is used by the)5.332 F F0<ad74>2.832 E F1 .332(\215ag to)2.832 F
1.349(determine who to send to when it is collecting recipients from the mes-)
203.4 108 R(sage.)203.4 120 Q(H_FR)117 136.2 Q 43.74(OM This)-.4 F 1.673
(\215ag indicates that this \214eld speci\214es a sender)4.174 F 6.673
(.T)-.55 G 1.673(he order of these)-6.673 F .898(\214elds in the)203.4
148.2 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(HdrInfo)3.398 E F1 .898
(table speci\214es)3.398 F F2(sendmail)3.398 E F1 1.998 -.55('s p)D .898
(reference for which \214eld).55 F(to return error messages to.)203.4
160.2 Q(H_ERR)117 176.4 Q(ORST)-.4 E 22.53(OA)-.18 G
(ddresses in this header should recei)-22.53 E .3 -.15(ve e)-.25 H
(rror messages.).15 E 52.79(H_CTE This)117 192.6 R
(header is a Content-T)2.5 E(ransfer)-.35 E(-Encoding header)-.2 E(.)
-.55 E 40.01(H_CTYPE This)117 208.8 R(header is a Content-T)2.5 E
(ype header)-.8 E(.)-.55 E(H_STRIPV)117 225 Q 25.25(AL Strip)-1.35 F
(the v)2.5 E(alue from the header \(for Bcc:\).)-.25 E(Let')117 241.2 Q
2.5(sl)-.55 G(ook at a sample)-2.5 E F2(HdrInfo)2.5 E F1
(speci\214cation:)2.5 E(struct hdrinfo)157 257.4 Q(HdrInfo[] =)84.6 E({)
157 269.4 Q(/* originator \214elds, most to least signi\214cant)189.5
281.4 Q(*/)5 E 52.29("resent-sender", H_FR)177 293.4 R(OM,)-.4 E 58.95
("resent-from", H_FR)177 305.4 R(OM,)-.4 E 79.5("sender", H_FR)177 317.4
R(OM,)-.4 E 86.16("from", H_FR)177 329.4 R(OM,)-.4 E 66.72
("full-name", H_A)177 341.4 R(CHECK,)-.4 E 71.17("errors-to", H_FR)177
353.4 R -1.667(OM | H_ERR)-.4 F(ORST)-.4 E(O,)-.18 E
(/* destination \214elds */)189.5 365.4 Q 97.82("to", H_RCPT)177 377.4 R
(,)-.74 E 70.61("resent-to", H_RCPT)177 389.4 R(,)-.74 E 96.72
("cc", H_RCPT)177 401.4 R(,)-.74 E 91.72("bcc", H_RCPT)177 413.4 R .833
(|H).833 G(_STRIPV)-.833 E(AL,)-1.35 E
(/* message identi\214cation and control */)189.5 425.4 Q 71.72
("message", H_EOH,)177 437.4 R("te)177 449.4 Q 90.75(xt", H_EOH,)-.15 F
(/* trace \214elds */)189.5 461.4 Q("recei)177 473.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
72.13(d", H_TRA).15 F -1.667(CE | H_FORCE,)-.4 F
(/* miscellaneous \214elds */)189.5 485.4 Q("content-transfer)177 497.4
Q 2.5(-encoding", H_CTE,)-.2 F 55.61("content-type", H_CTYPE,)177 509.4
R 87.1(NULL, 0,)177 533.4 R(};)157 545.4 Q 2.435
(This structure indicates that the \231T)117 561.6 R 2.435
(o:\232, \231Resent-T)-.8 F 2.435
(o:\232, and \231Cc:\232 \214elds all specify recipient)-.8 F 3.161
(addresses. An)117 573.6 R 3.161<7999>-.15 G .662(Full-Name:\232 \214eld will be deleted unless the required mailer \215ag \(indicated in)
-3.161 F .246(the con\214guration \214le\) is speci\214ed.)117 585.6 R
.245(The \231Message:\232 and \231T)5.246 F -.15(ex)-.7 G .245
(t:\232 \214elds will terminate the header;).15 F 1.936
(these are used by random dissenters around the netw)117 597.6 R 1.936
(ork w)-.1 F 4.436(orld. The)-.1 F(\231Recei)4.436 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
1.937(d:\232 \214eld will).15 F(al)117 609.6 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G
(ys be added, and can be used to trace messages.).1 E .446
(There are a number of important points here.)142 625.8 R .445
(First, header \214elds are not added automati-)5.446 F .656
(cally just because the)117 637.8 R 3.156(ya)-.15 G .656(re in the)
-3.156 F F2(HdrInfo)3.157 E F1 .657(structure; the)3.157 F 3.157(ym)-.15
G .657(ust be speci\214ed in the con\214guration)-3.157 F .728
(\214le in order to be added to the message.)117 649.8 R(An)5.727 E
3.227(yh)-.15 G .727
(eader \214elds mentioned in the con\214guration \214le)-3.227 F -.2(bu)
117 661.8 S 3.24(tn).2 G .74(ot mentioned in the)-3.24 F F2(HdrInfo)3.24
E F1 .74(structure ha)3.24 F 1.04 -.15(ve d)-.2 H(ef).15 E .74
(ault processing performed; that is, the)-.1 F 3.24(ya)-.15 G(re)-3.24 E
1.375(added unless the)117 673.8 R 3.875(yw)-.15 G 1.375
(ere in the message already)-3.875 F 6.375(.S)-.65 G 1.374(econd, the)
-6.375 F F2(HdrInfo)3.874 E F1 1.374(structure only speci\214es)3.874 F
.324(cliched processing; certain headers are processed specially by ad hoc code re)
117 685.8 R -.05(ga)-.15 G .325(rdless of the sta-).05 F .481
(tus speci\214ed in)117 697.8 R F2(HdrInfo)2.981 E F1 5.481(.F)C .481
(or e)-5.631 F .481
(xample, the \231Sender:\232 and \231From:\232 \214elds are al)-.15 F
-.1(wa)-.1 G .48(ys scanned on).1 F EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-62 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(ARP)117
98 Q .751(ANET mail to determine the sender)-.92 F/F2 7/Times-Roman@0 SF
(24)-4 I F1 3.251(;t)4 K .75
(his is used to perform the \231return to sender\232 func-)-3.251 F
2.976(tion. The)117 110 R .476(\231From:\232 and \231Full-Name:\232 \214elds are used to determine the full name of the sender if)
2.976 F(possible; this is stored in the macro)117 122 Q F0($x)2.5 E F1
(and used in a number of w)2.5 E(ays.)-.1 E F0 2.5(6.3.2. Restricting)
102 146 R(Use of Email)2.5 E F1 .15
(If it is necessary to restrict mail through a relay)142 162.2 R 2.649
(,t)-.65 G(he)-2.649 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.15(ch)2.649 G(ec).15 E
(kcompat)-.2 E F1 .149(routine can be modi\214ed.)2.649 F .163
(This routine is called for e)117 174.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .163
(ry recipient address.).15 F .163(It returns an e)5.163 F .163
(xit status indicating the status of)-.15 F .895(the message.)117 186.2
R .895(The status)5.895 F/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(EX_OK)3.395 E F1 .895
(accepts the address,)3.395 F F4(EX_TEMPF)3.395 E(AIL)-.666 E F1 .895
(queues the message for a)3.395 F .263(later try)117 198.2 R 2.763(,a)
-.65 G .263(nd other v)-2.763 F .264(alues \(commonly)-.25 F F4(EX_UN)
2.764 E -1.215(AVA)-.315 G(ILABLE)1.215 E F1 2.764(\)r)C .264
(eject the message.)-2.764 F .264(It is up to)5.264 F F3 -.15(ch)2.764 G
(ec).15 E(k-)-.2 E(compat)117 210.2 Q F1 .43
(to print an error message \(using)2.93 F F3(usr)2.929 E(err)-.37 E F1
2.929(\)i)C 2.929(ft)-2.929 G .429(he message is rejected.)-2.929 F -.15
(Fo)5.429 G 2.929(re).15 G(xample,)-3.079 E F3 -.15(ch)2.929 G(ec).15 E
(k-)-.2 E(compat)117 222.2 Q F1(could read:)2.5 E F4(int)157 237.2 Q
(checkcompat\(to, e\))157 248 Q(re)175 258.8 Q(gister ADDRESS *to;)-.135
E(re)175 269.6 Q(gister ENVELOPE *e;)-.135 E({)157 280.4 Q(re)175 291.2
Q(gister ST)-.135 E(AB *s;)-.837 E 2.25(s=s)175 312.8 S(tab\("pri)-2.25
E -.225(va)-.225 G(te", ST_MAILER, ST_FIND\);).225 E
(if \(s != NULL && e\255>e_from.q_mailer != LocalMailer &&)175 323.6 Q
(to->q_mailer == s->s_mailer\))184 334.4 Q({)175 345.2 Q
(usrerr\("No pri)193 356 Q -.225(va)-.225 G(te net mail allo).225 E
(wed through this machine"\);)-.225 E(return \(EX_UN)193 366.8 Q -1.215
(AVA)-.315 G(ILABLE\);)1.215 E(})175 377.6 Q
(if \(MsgSize > 50000 && bitnset\(M_LOCALMAILER, to\255>q_mailer\)\))175
388.4 Q({)175 399.2 Q(usrerr\("Message too lar)193 410 Q
(ge for non-local deli)-.162 E -.135(ve)-.225 G(ry"\);).135 E
(e\255>e_\215ags |= EF_NORETURN;)193 420.8 Q(return \(EX_UN)193 431.6 Q
-1.215(AVA)-.315 G(ILABLE\);)1.215 E(})175 442.4 Q(return \(EX_OK\);)175
453.2 Q(})157 464 Q F1 .969(This w)117 480.2 R .969
(ould reject messages greater than 50000 bytes unless the)-.1 F 3.469
(yw)-.15 G .97(ere local.)-3.469 F(The)5.97 E F3(EF_NORE-)3.47 E(TURN)
117 492.2 Q F1 .652(\215ag can be set in)3.152 F F3(e)3.152 E/F5 10
/Symbol SF<ae>A F3(e_\215a)A(gs)-.1 E F1 .651
(to suppress the return of the actual body of the message in)3.152 F
.655(the error return.)117 504.2 R .655(The actual use of this routine is highly dependent on the implementation, and)
5.655 F(use should be limited.)117 516.2 Q F0 2.5(6.3.3. Load)102 540.2
R -.6 -1(Av e)2.5 H(rage Computation)1 E F1 .18(The routine)142 556.4 R
F3 -.1(ge)2.68 G(tla).1 E F1 .18
(should return an approximation of the current system load a)2.68 F -.15
(ve)-.2 G .18(rage as an).15 F(inte)117 568.4 Q(ger)-.15 E 5(.T)-.55 G
(here are se)-5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ral v).15 E
(ersions included on compilation \215ags as described abo)-.15 E -.15
(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E F0 2.5(6.3.4. New)102 592.4 R(Database Map Classes)
2.5 E F1(Ne)142 608.6 Q 2.875(wk)-.25 G .675 -.15(ey m)-2.975 H .375(aps can be added by creating a class initialization function and a lookup func-)
.15 F 2.5(tion. These)117 620.6 R(are then added to the routine)2.5 E F3
(setupmaps.)2.5 E F1(The initialization function is called as)142 636.8
Q F3(xxx)157 653 Q F1(_map_init\(MAP *map, char *ar)A(gs\))-.18 E(The)
117 669.2 Q F3(map)3.28 E F1 .78(is an internal data structure.)3.28 F
(The)5.78 E F3(ar)3.279 E(gs)-.37 E F1 .779
(is a pointer to the portion of the con\214guration)3.279 F .32 LW 76
678.8 72 678.8 DL 80 678.8 76 678.8 DL 84 678.8 80 678.8 DL 88 678.8 84
678.8 DL 92 678.8 88 678.8 DL 96 678.8 92 678.8 DL 100 678.8 96 678.8 DL
104 678.8 100 678.8 DL 108 678.8 104 678.8 DL 112 678.8 108 678.8 DL 116
678.8 112 678.8 DL 120 678.8 116 678.8 DL 124 678.8 120 678.8 DL 128
678.8 124 678.8 DL 132 678.8 128 678.8 DL 136 678.8 132 678.8 DL 140
678.8 136 678.8 DL 144 678.8 140 678.8 DL 148 678.8 144 678.8 DL 152
678.8 148 678.8 DL 156 678.8 152 678.8 DL 160 678.8 156 678.8 DL 164
678.8 160 678.8 DL 168 678.8 164 678.8 DL 172 678.8 168 678.8 DL 176
678.8 172 678.8 DL 180 678.8 176 678.8 DL 184 678.8 180 678.8 DL 188
678.8 184 678.8 DL 192 678.8 188 678.8 DL 196 678.8 192 678.8 DL 200
678.8 196 678.8 DL 204 678.8 200 678.8 DL 208 678.8 204 678.8 DL 212
678.8 208 678.8 DL 216 678.8 212 678.8 DL/F6 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(24)93.6
689.2 Q/F7 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(Actually)3.2 I 2.631(,t)-.52 G .631
(his is no longer true in SMTP; this information is contained in the en)
-2.631 F -.12(ve)-.32 G 2.632(lope. The).12 F .632(older ARP)2.632 F
.632(ANET protocols did)-.736 F(not completely distinguish en)72 702 Q
-.12(ve)-.32 G(lope from header).12 E(.)-.44 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-63)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .396(\214le line follo)117 96
R .396(wing the map class name; \215ags and \214lenames can be e)-.25 F
.397(xtracted from this line.)-.15 F(The)5.397 E
(initialization function must return)117 108 Q/F2 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(TR)
2.5 E(UE)-.36 E F1(if it successfully opened the map,)2.5 E F2 -.666(FA)
2.5 G(LSE).666 E F1(otherwise.)2.5 E(The lookup function is called as)
142 124.2 Q/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(xxx)157 140.4 Q F1
(_map_lookup\(MAP *map, char b)A(uf[], char **a)-.2 E 1.3 -.65(v, i)-.2
H(nt *statp\)).65 E(The)117 156.6 Q F3(map)2.773 E F1 .273
(de\214nes the map internally)2.773 F 5.273(.T)-.65 G(he)-5.273 E F3 -.2
(bu)2.773 G(f).2 E F1 .273(has the input k)2.773 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 5.273
(.T)-.5 G .272(his may be \(and often is\) used)-5.273 F(destructi)117
168.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.151(.T)-.65 G(he)-5.151 E F3(av)2.651
E F1 .151(is a list of ar)2.651 F .151(guments passed in from the re)
-.18 F .152(write line.)-.25 F .152(The lookup function)5.152 F .205
(should return a pointer to the ne)117 180.6 R 2.705(wv)-.25 G 2.705
(alue. IF)-2.955 F .205(the map lookup f)2.705 F(ails,)-.1 E F3(*statp)
2.705 E F1 .204(should be set to an e)2.705 F(xit)-.15 E .301
(status code; in particular)117 192.6 R 2.801(,i)-.4 G 2.801(ts)-2.801 G
.302(hould be set to)-2.801 F F2(EX_TEMPF)2.802 E(AIL)-.666 E F1 .302
(if reco)2.802 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .302(ry is to be attempted by the).15 F
(higher le)117 204.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(lc).15 G(ode.)-2.5 E F0 2.5
(6.3.5. Queueing)102 228.6 R(Function)2.5 E F1 .783(The routine)142
244.8 R F3(shouldqueue)3.283 E F1 .783
(is called to decide if a message should be queued or processed)3.283 F
(immediately)117 256.8 Q 6.618(.T)-.65 G 1.618
(ypically this compares the message priority to the current load a)
-7.418 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 4.119(rage. The).15 F(def)117 268.8 Q
(ault de\214nition is:)-.1 E(bool)157 285 Q(shouldqueue\(pri, ctime\))
157 297 Q(long pri;)175 309 Q(time_t ctime;)175 321 Q({)157 333 Q
(if \(CurrentLA < QueueLA\))175 345 Q(return \(F)193 357 Q(ALSE\);)-.74
E(return \(pri > \(QueueF)175 369 Q
(actor / \(CurrentLA \255 QueueLA + 1\)\)\);)-.15 E(})157 381 Q 2.063
(If the current load a)117 397.2 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.062(rage \(global v)
.15 F(ariable)-.25 E F3(Curr)4.562 E(entLA)-.37 E F1 4.562(,w)C 2.062
(hich is set before this function is)-4.562 F 1.057
(called\) is less than the lo)117 409.2 R 3.558(wt)-.25 G 1.058
(hreshold load a)-3.558 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.058(rage \(option).15 F F0(x)
3.558 E F1 3.558(,v)C(ariable)-3.808 E F3(QueueLA)3.558 E F1(\),)A F3
(shouldqueue)3.558 E F1(returns)117 421.2 Q F2 -.666(FA)2.587 G(LSE).666
E F1 .086(immediately \(that is, it should)2.587 F F3(not)2.586 E F1
2.586(queue\). If)2.586 F .086(the current load a)2.586 F -.15(ve)-.2 G
.086(rage e).15 F .086(xceeds the)-.15 F .587(high threshold load a)117
433.2 R -.15(ve)-.2 G .587(rage \(option).15 F F0(X)3.087 E F1 3.087(,v)
C(ariable)-3.337 E F3(RefuseLA)3.087 E F1(\),)A F3(shouldqueue)3.088 E
F1(returns)3.088 E F2(TR)3.088 E(UE)-.36 E F1(immedi-)3.088 E(ately)117
445.2 Q 7.126(.O)-.65 G 2.125
(therwise, it computes the function based on the message priority)-7.126
F 4.625(,t)-.65 G 2.125(he queue f)-4.625 F(actor)-.1 E(\(option)117
457.2 Q F0(q)2.5 E F1 2.5(,g)C(lobal v)-2.5 E(ariable)-.25 E F3(QueueF)
2.5 E(actor)-.75 E F1(\), and the current and threshold load a)A -.15
(ve)-.2 G(rages.).15 E 1.066(An implementation wishing to tak)142 473.4
R 3.566(et)-.1 G 1.067
(he actual age of the message into account can also)-3.566 F 1.41
(use the)117 485.4 R F3(ctime)3.91 E F1(parameter)3.91 E 3.91(,w)-.4 G
1.41(hich is the time that the message w)-3.91 F 1.41
(as \214rst submitted to)-.1 F F3(sendmail)3.91 E F1(.)A .928
(Note that the)117 497.4 R F3(pri)3.428 E F1 .928(parameter is already weighted by the number of times the message has been)
3.428 F .395(tried \(although this tends to lo)117 509.4 R .395
(wer the priority of the message with time\); the e)-.25 F .395
(xpectation is that)-.15 F(the)117 521.4 Q F3(ctime)2.674 E F1 -.1(wo)
2.674 G .174
(uld be used as an \231escape clause\232 to ensure that messages are e)
.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .174(ntually processed.).15 F F0 2.5
(6.3.6. Refusing)102 545.4 R(Incoming SMTP Connections)2.5 E F1 1.149
(The function)142 561.6 R F3 -.37(re)3.648 G(fuseconnections).37 E F1
(returns)3.648 E F2(TR)3.648 E(UE)-.36 E F1 1.148
(if incoming SMTP connections should be)3.648 F 3.563(refused. The)117
573.6 R 1.063(current implementation is based e)3.563 F(xclusi)-.15 E
-.15(ve)-.25 G 1.063(ly on the current load a).15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.063
(rage and the).15 F(refuse load a)117 585.6 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G
(rage option \(option).15 E F0(X)2.5 E F1 2.5(,g)C(lobal v)-2.5 E
(ariable)-.25 E F3(RefuseLA)2.5 E F1(\):)A(bool)157 601.8 Q
(refuseconnections\(\))157 613.8 Q({)157 625.8 Q
(return \(CurrentLA >= RefuseLA\);)175 637.8 Q(})157 649.8 Q 2.5(Am)117
666 S(ore cle)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G
(mplementation could look at more system resources.)-2.5 E F0 2.5
(6.3.7. Load)102 690 R -.6 -1(Av e)2.5 H(rage Computation)1 E F1 .244
(The routine)142 706.2 R F3 -.1(ge)2.743 G(tla).1 E F1 .243
(returns the current load a)2.743 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .243
(rage \(as a rounded inte).15 F 2.743(ger\). The)-.15 F(distrib)2.743 E
(ution)-.2 E 1.156(includes se)117 718.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.157
(ral possible implementations.).15 F 1.157(If you are porting to a ne)
6.157 F 3.657(we)-.25 G -.4(nv)-3.657 G 1.157(ironment you may).4 F EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-64 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(need to add some ne)117 98 Q 2.5(wt)-.25 G(weaks.)-2.5 E/F2 7
/Times-Roman@0 SF(25)-4 I F0 2.5(6.4. Con\214guration)87 122 R(in sr)2.5
E(c/daemon.c)-.18 E F1 .4(The \214le)127 138.2 R/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
(sr)2.9 E(c/daemon.c)-.37 E F1 .4
(contains a number of routines that are dependent on the local netw)2.9
F(ork-)-.1 E(ing en)102 150.2 Q 2.5(vironment. The)-.4 F -.15(ve)2.5 G
(rsion supplied assumes you ha).15 E .3 -.15(ve B)-.2 H(SD style sock)
.15 E(ets.)-.1 E 2.16(In pre)127 166.4 R 2.16
(vious releases, we recommended that you modify the routine)-.25 F F3
(maphostname)4.66 E F1 2.16(if you)4.66 F -.1(wa)102 178.4 S 1.919
(nted to generalize).1 F F0($[)4.418 E F1(...)4.418 E F0($])4.418 E F1
4.418(lookups. W)4.418 F 4.418(en)-.8 G 2.418 -.25(ow r)-4.418 H 1.918
(ecommend that you create a ne).25 F 4.418(wk)-.25 G -.15(ey)-4.518 G
1.918(ed map).15 F(instead.)102 190.4 Q F0 2.5(7. CHANGES)72 214.4 R
(IN VERSION 8)2.5 E F1 .195(The follo)112 230.6 R .196
(wing summarizes changes since the last commonly a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G
.196(ilable v).25 F .196(ersion of)-.15 F F3(sendmail)2.696 E F1
(\(5.67\).)2.696 E -.15(Fo)87 242.6 S 2.703(rad).15 G .203
(etailed list, consult the \214le RELEASE_NO)-2.703 F .203
(TES in the root directory of the)-.4 F F3(sendmail)2.702 E F1(distrib)
2.702 E(ution.)-.2 E F0 2.5(7.1. Connection)87 266.6 R(Caching)2.5 E F1
.397(Instead of closing SMTP connections immediately)127 282.8 R 2.897
(,t)-.65 G .398(hose connections are cached for possible)-2.897 F .598
(future use.)102 294.8 R .598(The adv)5.598 F .597
(ent of MX records made this ef)-.15 F(fecti)-.25 E .897 -.15(ve f)-.25
H .597(or mailing lists; in addition, substantial).15 F
(performance impro)102 306.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(ments can be e).15 E
(xpected for queue processing.)-.15 E F0 2.5(7.2. MX)87 330.8 R
(Piggybacking)2.5 E F1 1.257(If tw)127 347 R 3.757(oh)-.1 G 1.257
(osts with dif)-3.757 F 1.257
(ferent names in a single message happen to ha)-.25 F 1.557 -.15(ve t)
-.2 H 1.257(he same set of MX).15 F .94(hosts, the)102 359 R 3.44(yc)
-.15 G .94(an be sent in the same transaction.)-3.44 F -1.11(Ve)5.94 G
.94(rsion 8 notices this and tries to batch the mes-)1.11 F(sages.)102
371 Q F0 2.5(7.3. RFC)87 395 R(1123 Compliance)2.5 E F1 3.462(An)127
411.2 S .962(umber of changes ha)-3.462 F 1.262 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .962
(een made to mak).15 F(e)-.1 E F3(sendmail)3.462 E F1 .963
(\231conditionally compliant\232 \(that is,)3.463 F F3(sendmail)102
423.2 Q F1 .05(satis\214es all of the \231MUST\232 clauses and most b)
2.55 F .049(ut not all of the \231SHOULD\232 clauses in RFC)-.2 F
(1123\).)102 435.2 Q(The major areas of change are \(numbers are RFC 1123 section numbers\):)
127 451.4 Q 15(5.2.7 Response)102 467.6 R(to RCPT command is f)2.5 E
(ast.)-.1 E 15(5.2.8 Numeric)102 483.8 R
(IP addresses are logged in Recei)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(d: lines.).15 E
10(5.2.17 Self)102 500 R(domain literal is properly handled.)2.5 E 15
(5.3.2 Better)102 516.2 R(control o)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(ri).15 G
(ndi)-2.5 E(vidual timeouts.)-.25 E 15(5.3.3 Error)102 532.4 R
(messages are sent as \231From:<>\232.)2.5 E 15(5.3.3 Error)102 548.6 R
(messages are ne)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rs).15 G(ent to \231<>\232.)
-2.5 E 15(5.3.3 Route-addrs)102 564.8 R(are pruned.)2.5 E
(The areas in which)102 581 Q F3(sendmail)2.5 E F1
(is not \231unconditionally compliant\232 are:)2.5 E(5.2.6)102 597.2 Q
F3(Sendmail)17.5 E F1(does do header munging.)2.5 E(5.2.10)102 613.4 Q
F3(Sendmail)12.5 E F1(doesn')2.5 E 2.5(ta)-.18 G -.1(lwa)-2.5 G
(ys use the e).1 E(xact SMTP message te)-.15 E(xt as listed in RFC 821.)
-.15 E(5.3.1.1)102 629.6 Q F3(Sendmail)10 E F1(doesn')2.5 E 2.5(tg)-.18
G(uarantee only one connect for each host in queue runs.)-2.5 E(5.3.1.1)
102 645.8 Q F3(Sendmail)10 E F1(doesn')2.5 E 2.5(ta)-.18 G -.1(lwa)-2.5
G(ys pro).1 E(vide adequate concurrenc)-.15 E 2.5(yl)-.15 G(imits.)-2.5
E .32 LW 76 678.8 72 678.8 DL 80 678.8 76 678.8 DL 84 678.8 80 678.8 DL
88 678.8 84 678.8 DL 92 678.8 88 678.8 DL 96 678.8 92 678.8 DL 100 678.8
96 678.8 DL 104 678.8 100 678.8 DL 108 678.8 104 678.8 DL 112 678.8 108
678.8 DL 116 678.8 112 678.8 DL 120 678.8 116 678.8 DL 124 678.8 120
678.8 DL 128 678.8 124 678.8 DL 132 678.8 128 678.8 DL 136 678.8 132
678.8 DL 140 678.8 136 678.8 DL 144 678.8 140 678.8 DL 148 678.8 144
678.8 DL 152 678.8 148 678.8 DL 156 678.8 152 678.8 DL 160 678.8 156
678.8 DL 164 678.8 160 678.8 DL 168 678.8 164 678.8 DL 172 678.8 168
678.8 DL 176 678.8 172 678.8 DL 180 678.8 176 678.8 DL 184 678.8 180
678.8 DL 188 678.8 184 678.8 DL 192 678.8 188 678.8 DL 196 678.8 192
678.8 DL 200 678.8 196 678.8 DL 204 678.8 200 678.8 DL 208 678.8 204
678.8 DL 212 678.8 208 678.8 DL 216 678.8 212 678.8 DL/F4 5
/Times-Roman@0 SF(25)93.6 689.2 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF
(If you do, please send updates to sendmail@Sendmail.ORG.)3.2 I EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-65)195.86 E 2.5(7.4. Extended)87 96 R(SMTP Support)2.5 E/F1 10
/Times-Roman@0 SF -1.11(Ve)127 112.2 S .154
(rsion 8 includes both sending and recei)1.11 F .155
(ving support for Extended SMTP support as de\214ned)-.25 F(by RFC 1651 \(basic\) and RFC 1653 \(SIZE\); and limited support for RFC 1652 \(BOD)
102 124.2 Q(Y\).)-.55 E F0 2.5(7.5. Eight-Bit)87 148.2 R(Clean)2.5 E F1
(Pre)127 164.4 Q 1.264(vious v)-.25 F 1.264(ersions of)-.15 F/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.764 E F1 1.264
(used the 0200 bit for quoting.)3.764 F 1.263(This v)6.263 F 1.263
(ersion a)-.15 F -.2(vo)-.2 G 1.263(ids that use.).2 F(Ho)102 176.4 Q
(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .8 -.4(r, f).15 H
(or compatibility with RFC 822, you can set option `7' to get se).4 E
-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(nb).15 G(it stripping.)-2.5 E(Indi)127 192.6 Q
(vidual mailers can still produce se)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(nb).15 G
(it output using the `7' mailer \215ag.)-2.5 E F0 2.5(7.6. User)87 216.6
R(Database)2.5 E F1 1.072(The user database is an as-yet e)127 232.8 R
1.072(xperimental attempt to pro)-.15 F 1.073(vide uni\214ed lar)-.15 F
1.073(ge-site name sup-)-.18 F 2.5(port. W)102 244.8 R 2.5(ea)-.8 G
(re installing it at Berk)-2.5 E(ele)-.1 E(y; future v)-.15 E
(ersions may sho)-.15 E 2.5(ws)-.25 G(igni\214cant modi\214cations.)-2.5
E F0 2.5(7.7. Impr)87 268.8 R -.1(ove)-.18 G 2.5(dB).1 G(IND Support)
-2.5 E F1 .489
(The BIND support, particularly for MX records, had a number of anno)127
285 R .489(ying \231features\232 which)-.1 F(ha)102 297 Q 1.212 -.15
(ve b)-.2 H .912(een remo).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.412(di).15 G 3.412(nt)
-3.412 G .912(his release.)-3.412 F .912(In particular)5.912 F 3.412(,t)
-.4 G .912(hese more tightly bind \(pun intended\) the name)-3.412 F
(serv)102 309 Q(er to)-.15 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1 2.5(,s)C 2.5(ot)-2.5 G
(hat the name serv)-2.5 E
(er resolution rules are incorporated directly into)-.15 E F0(sendmail)
2.5 E F1(.)A F0 2.5(7.8. K)87 333 R(ey)-.25 E(ed Files)-.1 E F1 .366
(Generalized k)127 349.2 R -.15(ey)-.1 G .366(ed \214les is an idea tak)
.15 F .366(en directly from)-.1 F/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(ID)2.865 E(A)
-.36 E F2(sendmail)2.865 E F1 .365(\(albeit with a completely)2.865 F
(dif)102 361.2 Q(ferent implementation\).)-.25 E(The)5 E 2.5(yc)-.15 G
(an be useful on lar)-2.5 E(ge sites.)-.18 E -1.11(Ve)127 377.4 S
(rsion 8 also understands YP)1.11 E(.)-1.11 E F0 2.5(7.9. Multi-W)87
401.4 R(ord Classes)-.75 E F1(Classes can no)127 417.6 Q 2.5(wb)-.25 G
2.5(em)-2.5 G(ultiple w)-2.5 E 2.5(ords. F)-.1 F(or e)-.15 E(xample,)
-.15 E(CShofmann.CS.Berk)142 433.8 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E
(allo)102 450 Q 2.663
(ws you to match the entire string \231hofmann.CS.Berk)-.25 F(ele)-.1 E
-.65(y.)-.15 G 2.664(EDU\232 using the single construct).65 F
(\231$=S\232.)102 462 Q F0 2.5(7.10. Deferr)87 486 R(ed Macr)-.18 E 2.5
(oE)-.18 G(xpansion)-2.5 E F1(The)127 502.2 Q F0($&)2.5 E F2(x)A F1
(construct has been adopted from)2.5 E F3(ID)2.5 E(A)-.36 E F1(.)A F0
2.5(7.11. IDENT)87 526.2 R(Pr)2.5 E(otocol Support)-.18 E F1
(The IDENT protocol as de\214ned in RFC 1413 is supported.)127 542.4 Q
F0 2.5(7.12. P)87 566.4 R(arsing Bug Fixes)-.1 E F1 4.03(An)127 582.6 S
1.53(umber of small b)-4.03 F 1.53(ugs ha)-.2 F 1.53
(ving to do with things lik)-.2 F 4.03(eb)-.1 G 1.53
(ackslash-escaped quotes inside of)-4.03 F(comments ha)102 594.6 Q .3
-.15(ve b)-.2 H(een \214x).15 E(ed.)-.15 E F0 2.5(7.13. Separate)87
618.6 R(En)2.5 E -.1(ve)-.4 G(lope/Header Pr).1 E(ocessing)-.18 E F1
.854(Since the From: line is passed in separately from the en)127 634.8
R -.15(ve)-.4 G .854(lope sender).15 F 3.354(,t)-.4 G .854(hese ha)
-3.354 F 1.154 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .854(oth been).15 F .428
(made visible; the)102 646.8 R F0($g)2.928 E F1 .428
(macro is set to the en)2.928 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .427
(lope sender during processing of mailer ar).15 F .427(gument v)-.18 F
(ec-)-.15 E(tors and the header sender during processing of headers.)102
658.8 Q .084(It is also possible to specify separate per)127 675 R .085
(-mailer en)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .085(lope and header processing.).15 F
(The)5.085 E F0(S)2.585 E F1(ender)A(-)-.2 E -.55(RW)102 687 S .513
(Set and).55 F F0(R)3.013 E F1(ecipientR)A .513(Wset ar)-.55 F .512
(guments for mailers can be speci\214ed as)-.18 F F2(en)3.012 E
(velope/header)-.4 E F1 .512(to gi)3.012 F .812 -.15(ve d)-.25 H(if-).15
E(ferent re)102 699 Q(writings for en)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.4 G(lope v).15 E
(ersus header addresses.)-.15 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-66 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(7.14. Owner)87 96 R
(-List Pr)-.37 E(opagates to En)-.18 E -.1(ve)-.4 G(lope).1 E/F1 10
/Times-Roman@0 SF 1(When an alias has an associated o)127 112.2 R 1.001
(wner\255list name, that alias is used to change the en)-.25 F -.15(ve)
-.4 G(lope).15 E(sender address.)102 124.2 Q(This will cause do)5 E
(wnstream errors to be returned to that o)-.25 E(wner)-.25 E(.)-.55 E F0
2.5(7.15. Dynamic)87 148.2 R(Header Allocation)2.5 E F1(The \214x)127
164.4 Q(ed size limit on header lines has been eliminated.)-.15 E F0 2.5
(7.16. New)87 188.4 R(Command Line Flags)2.5 E F1(The)127 204.6 Q F0
<ad42>2.5 E F1(\215ag has been added to pass in body type information.)
2.5 E(The)127 220.8 Q F0<ad70>2.5 E F1
(\215ag has been added to pass in protocol information.)2.5 E(The)127
237 Q F0<ad58>2.6 E F1 .1(\215ag has been added to allo)2.6 F 2.6(wl)
-.25 G .1(ogging of all protocol in and out of)-2.6 F/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.6 E F1 .1(for deb)2.6 F(ug-)-.2 E(ging.)
102 249 Q(The)127 265.2 Q F0<ad4f>2.5 E F1
(\215ag implies setting long-form options.)2.5 E F0 2.5(7.17. Enhanced)
87 289.2 R(Command Line Flags)2.5 E F1(The)127 305.4 Q F0<ad71>4.006 E
F1 1.507(\215ag can limit limit a queue run to speci\214c recipients, senders, or queue ids using)
4.006 F F0(\255qR)102 317.4 Q F2(substring)A F0 2.5<2cad>C(qS)-2.5 E F2
(substring)A F0 2.5(,o)C 2.5<72ad>-2.5 G(qI)-2.5 E F2(substring)A F0
-.18(re)2.5 G(specti).18 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(ly).1 E(.)-.7 E 2.5(7.18. New)87
341.4 R(and Old Con\214guration Line T)2.5 E(ypes)-.74 E F1(The)127
357.6 Q F0(K)2.5 E F1(line has been added to declare database maps.)2.5
E(The)127 373.8 Q F0(V)2.5 E F1
(line has been added to declare the con\214guration v)2.5 E(ersion le)
-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(l.).15 E(The)127 390 Q F0(M)2.797 E F1 .296(line has a \231D=\232 \214eld that lets you change into a temporary directory while that mailer)
2.797 F .58(is running.)102 402 R .58
(It also has a \231U=\232 \214eld to allo)5.58 F 3.08(wy)-.25 G .581
(ou to set the user and group id to be used when run-)-3.08 F
(ning the mailer)102 414 Q(.)-.55 E F0 2.5(7.19. New)87 438 R(Options)
2.5 E F1(Se)127 454.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .9(ral ne).15 F 3.4(wo)-.25 G .9
(ptions ha)-3.4 F 1.2 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .9(een added, man).15 F 3.4(yt)
-.15 G 3.4(os)-3.4 G .9(upport ne)-3.4 F 3.4(wf)-.25 G .9
(eatures, others to allo)-3.4 F 3.4(wt)-.25 G(uning)-3.4 E 1.722(that w)
102 466.2 R 1.722(as pre)-.1 F 1.722(viously a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G
1.722(ilable only by recompiling.).25 F(The)6.722 E 4.222(ya)-.15 G
1.722(re described in detail in Section 5.6.)-4.222 F(Brie\215y)102
478.2 Q(,)-.65 E 31(bI)102 494.4 S
(nsist on a minimum number of disk blocks.)-31 E 29.33(CS)102 510.6 S
(et checkpoint interv)-29.33 E(al.)-.25 E 29.89(ED)102 526.8 S(ef)-29.89
E(ault error message.)-.1 E 28.78(GE)102 543 S(nable GECOS matching.)
-28.78 E 31(hM)102 559.2 S(aximum hop count.)-31 E 33.22(jS)102 575.4 S
(end errors in MIME-encapsulated format.)-33.22 E 32.11(JF)102 591.6 S
(orw)-32.26 E(ard \214le path.)-.1 E 31(kC)102 607.8 S
(onnection cache size)-31 E 28.78(KC)102 624 S
(onnection cache lifetime.)-28.78 E 33.22(lE)102 640.2 S .334
(nable Errors-T)-33.22 F .334(o: header)-.8 F 5.334(.T)-.55 G .334
(hese headers violate RFC 1123; this option is included to pro-)-5.334 F
(vide back compatibility with old v)138 652.2 Q(ersions of)-.15 E F2
(sendmail)2.5 E F1(.)A 28.78(OS)102 668.4 S
(et incoming SMTP daemon options, such as an alternate SMTP port.)-28.78
E 31(pP)102 684.6 S(ri)-31 E -.25(va)-.25 G .3 -.15(cy o).25 H(ptions.)
.15 E 29.33(RD)102 700.8 S(on')-29.33 E 2.5(tp)-.18 G(rune route-addrs.)
-2.5 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-67)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 28.78(UU)102 96 S
(ser database spec.)-28.78 E 28.78(VF)102 112.2 S
(allback \231MX\232 host.)-28.93 E 28.78<7799>102 128.4 S
(Best MX\232 handling technique.)-28.78 E 31(7D)102 144.6 S 2.5(on)-31 G
(ot run eight bit clean.)-2.5 E 31(8E)102 160.8 S
(ight bit data handling mode.)-31 E F0 2.5(7.20. Extended)87 184.8 R
(Options)2.5 E F1(The)127 201 Q F0(r)3.764 E F1 1.264(\(read timeout\),)
3.764 F F0(I)3.764 E F1 1.264(\(use BIND\), and)3.764 F F0(T)3.764 E F1
1.264(\(queue timeout\) options ha)3.764 F 1.564 -.15(ve b)-.2 H 1.264
(een e).15 F 1.264(xtended to)-.15 F(pass in more information.)102 213 Q
F0 2.5(7.21. New)87 237 R(Mailer Flags)2.5 E F1(Se)127 253.2 Q -.15(ve)
-.25 G(ral ne).15 E 2.5(wm)-.25 G(ailer \215ags ha)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve b)
-.2 H(een added.).15 E 31.56(aT)102 269.4 S .636
(ry to use ESMTP when creating a connection.)-31.91 F .636
(If this is not set,)5.636 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.136 E F1
.635(will still try if)3.136 F .22(the other end hints that it kno)138
281.4 R .221
(ws about ESMTP in its greeting message; this \215ag says to try)-.25 F
-2.15 -.25(ev e)138 293.4 T 2.596(ni).25 G 2.596(fi)-2.596 G 2.596(td)
-2.596 G(oesn')-2.596 E 2.596(th)-.18 G 2.596(int. If)-2.596 F .095
(the EHLO \(e)2.595 F .095(xtended hello\) command f)-.15 F(ails,)-.1 E
F2(sendmail)2.595 E F1 -.1(fa)2.595 G .095(lls back to).1 F(old SMTP)138
305.4 Q(.)-1.11 E 28.78(AT)102 321.6 S
(ry the user part of addresses for this mailer as aliases.)-29.13 E 31
(bE)102 337.8 S
(nsure that there is a blank line at the end of all messages.)-31 E
31.56(cS)102 354 S .68(trip all comments from addresses; this should only be used as a last resort when dealing)
-31.56 F(with crank)138 366 Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G(ailers.)-2.5 E 31(gN)102
382.2 S -2.15 -.25(ev e)-31 H 2.641(ru).25 G .141
(se the null sender as the en)-2.641 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .141(lope sender)
.15 F 2.641(,e)-.4 G -.15(ve)-2.891 G 2.641(nw).15 G .14
(hen running SMTP)-2.641 F 5.14(.A)-1.11 G .14(lthough this)-5.14 F
1.521(violates RFC 1123, it may be necessary when you must deal with some obnoxious old)
138 394.2 R(hosts.)138 406.2 Q 31(kT)102 422.4 S(urn of)-31.45 E 2.5(ft)
-.25 G(he loopback check in the HELO protocol; doing this may cause mailer loops.)
-2.5 E 31(oA)102 438.6 S -.1(lwa)-31 G
(ys run the mailer as the recipient of the message.).1 E 28.78(wT)102
454.8 S(his user should ha)-28.78 E .3 -.15(ve a p)-.2 H
(asswd \214le entry).15 E(.)-.65 E 31(5T)102 471 S
(ry ruleset 5 if no local aliases.)-31.35 E 31(7S)102 487.2 S
(trip all output to 7 bits.)-31 E 33.22(:C)102 503.4 S
(heck for :include: \214les.)-33.22 E 34(|C)102 519.6 S
(heck for |program addresses.)-34 E 33.22(/C)102 535.8 S
(heck for /\214le addresses.)-33.22 E 26.79(@C)102 552 S
(heck this user ag)-26.79 E(ainst the user database.)-.05 E F0 2.5
(7.22. Long)87 576 R(Option Names)2.5 E F1 .856
(All options can be speci\214ed using long names, and some ne)127 592.2
R 3.356(wo)-.25 G .856(ptions can only be speci\214ed)-3.356 F
(with long names.)102 604.2 Q F0 2.5(7.23. New)87 628.2 R(Pr)2.5 E
(e-De\214ned Macr)-.18 E(os)-.18 E F1(The follo)127 644.4 Q
(wing macros are pre-de\214ned:)-.25 E 23.5($k The)102 660.6 R
(UUCP node name, nominally from)2.5 E F2(uname)2.5 E F1(\(2\) call.)A
20.72($m The)102 676.8 R(domain part of our full hostname.)2.5 E 23.5
($_ The)102 693 R(RFC 1413-pro)2.5 E(vided sender address.)-.15 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-68 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(7.24. New)87 96 R(LHS T)2.5
E(ok)-.92 E(en)-.1 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -1.11(Ve)127 112.2 S 1.375
(rsion 8 allo)1.11 F(ws)-.25 E F0($@)3.875 E F1 1.376
(on the Left Hand Side of an \231R\232 line to match zero tok)3.875 F
3.876(ens. This)-.1 F(is)3.876 E
(intended to be used to match the null input.)102 124.2 Q F0 2.5
(7.25. Bigger)87 148.2 R(Defaults)2.5 E F1 -1.11(Ve)127 164.4 S 1.284
(rsion 8 allo)1.11 F 1.284(ws up to 100 rulesets instead of 30.)-.25 F
1.283(It is recommended that rulesets 0\2559 be)6.284 F(reserv)102 176.4
Q(ed for)-.15 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.5 E F1 1.1 -.55('s d)
D(edicated use in future releases.).55 E
(The total number of MX records that can be used has been raised to 20.)
127 192.6 Q .335(The number of queued messages that can be handled at one time has been raised from 600 to)
127 208.8 R(1000.)102 220.8 Q F0 2.5(7.26. Differ)87 244.8 R
(ent Default T)-.18 E(uning P)-.92 E(arameters)-.1 E F1 -1.11(Ve)127 261
S .8(rsion 8 has changed the def)1.11 F .8
(ault parameters for tuning queue costs to mak)-.1 F 3.3(et)-.1 G .8
(he number of)-3.3 F .712(recipients more important than the size of the message \(for small messages\).)
102 273 R .712(This is reasonable if)5.712 F
(you are connected with reasonably f)102 285 Q(ast links.)-.1 E F0 2.5
(7.27. A)87 309 R(uto-Quoting in Addr)-.5 E(esses)-.18 E F1(Pre)127
325.2 Q(viously)-.25 E 2.611(,t)-.65 G .111
(he \231Full Name <email address>\232 syntax w)-2.611 F .111
(ould generate incorrect protocol output)-.1 F
(if \231Full Name\232 had special characters such as dot.)102 337.2 Q
(This v)5 E(ersion puts quotes around such names.)-.15 E F0 2.5
(7.28. Symbolic)87 361.2 R(Names On Err)2.5 E(or Mailer)-.18 E F1(Se)127
377.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ral names ha).15 E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een b).15 E
(uilt in to the $@ portion of the $#error mailer)-.2 E(.)-.55 E F0 2.5
(7.29. SMTP)87 401.4 R(VRFY Doesn't Expand)2.5 E F1(Pre)127 417.6 Q
1.437(vious v)-.25 F 1.437(ersions of)-.15 F F2(sendmail)3.937 E F1
1.438(treated VRFY and EXPN the same.)3.937 F 1.438(In this v)6.438 F
1.438(ersion, VRFY)-.15 F(doesn')102 429.6 Q 2.5(te)-.18 G
(xpand aliases or follo)-2.65 E 2.5(w.)-.25 G(forw)-2.5 E(ard \214les.)
-.1 E(EXPN still does.)5 E .682
(As an optimization, if you run with your def)127 445.8 R .681
(ault deli)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .681(ry mode being queue-only or deli)
.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -.2(r-).15 G 1.582
(in-background, the RCPT command will also not chase aliases and .forw)
102 457.8 R 1.582(ard \214les.)-.1 F 1.583(It will chase)6.582 F
(them when it processes the queue.)102 469.8 Q F0 2.5(7.30. [IPC])87
493.8 R(Mailers Allo)2.5 E 2.5(wM)-.1 G(ultiple Hosts)-2.5 E F1 .448
(When an address resolv)127 510 R .448
(es to a mailer that has \231[IPC]\232 as its \231P)-.15 F .447
(ath\232, the $@ part \(host name\))-.15 F .137
(can be a colon-separated list of hosts instead of a single hostname.)
102 522 R .138(This asks)5.138 F F2(sendmail)2.638 E F1 .138
(to search the)2.638 F .161(list for the \214rst entry that is a)102 534
R -.25(va)-.2 G .161(ilable e).25 F .16
(xactly as though it were an MX record.)-.15 F .16
(The intent is to route)5.16 F .737(internal traf)102 546 R .738
(\214c through internal netw)-.25 F .738
(orks without publishing an MX record to the net.)-.1 F .738(MX e)5.738
F(xpan-)-.15 E(sion is still done on the indi)102 558 Q(vidual items.)
-.25 E F0 2.5(7.31. Aliases)87 582 R(Extended)2.5 E F1 1.457
(The implementation has been mer)127 598.2 R 1.457(ged with maps.)-.18 F
1.456(Among other things, this supports NIS-)6.457 F(based aliases.)102
610.2 Q F0 2.5(7.32. P)87 634.2 R(ortability and Security Enhancements)
-.2 E F1 2.5(An)127 650.4 S(umber of internal changes ha)-2.5 E .3 -.15
(ve b)-.2 H(een made to enhance portability).15 E(.)-.65 E(Se)127 666.6
Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ral \214x).15 E(es ha)-.15 E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H
(een made to increase the paranoia f).15 E(actor)-.1 E(.)-.55 E F0 2.5
(7.33. Miscellaneous)87 690.6 R(Changes)2.5 E F2(Sendmail)127 706.8 Q F1
(writes a)2.5 E F2(/etc/sendmail.pid)2.5 E F1
(\214le with the current process id of the SMTP daemon.)2.5 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-69)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -1 -.8(Tw o)127 96 T 1.646
(people using the same program in their .forw)4.946 F 1.647
(ard \214le are considered dif)-.1 F 1.647(ferent so that)-.25 F
(duplicate elimination doesn')102 108 Q 2.5(td)-.18 G
(elete one of them.)-2.5 E(The)127 124.2 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
(mailstats)3.181 E F1 .681
(program prints mailer names and gets the location of the)3.181 F F2
(sendmail.st)3.18 E F1 .68(\214le from)3.18 F F2(/etc/sendmail.cf)102
136.2 Q F1(.)A(Man)127 152.4 Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G(inor b)-2.5 E(ugs ha)-.2 E
.3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een \214x).15 E
(ed, such as handling of backslashes inside of quotes.)-.15 E 2.5(Ah)127
168.6 S(ook \(ruleset 5\) has been added to allo)-2.5 E 2.5(wr)-.25 G
-.25(ew)-2.5 G(riting of local addresses after aliasing.).25 E F0 2.5
(8. A)72 192.6 R(CKNO)-.55 E(WLEDGEMENTS)-.5 E F1(I')112 208.8 Q 2.036
-.15(ve w)-.5 H(ork).05 E 1.737(ed on)-.1 F F2(sendmail)4.237 E F1 1.737
(for man)4.237 F 4.237(yy)-.15 G 1.737(ears, and man)-4.237 F 4.237(ye)
-.15 G(mplo)-4.237 E 1.737(yers ha)-.1 F 2.037 -.15(ve b)-.2 H 1.737
(een remarkably patient).15 F .404(about letting me w)87 220.8 R .404
(ork on a lar)-.1 F .404(ge project that w)-.18 F .403
(as not part of my of)-.1 F .403(\214cial job)-.25 F 5.403(.T)-.4 G .403
(his includes time on the)-5.403 F .281(INGRES Project at the Uni)87
232.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .282(rsity of California at Berk).15 F(ele)-.1 E
1.582 -.65(y, a)-.15 H 2.782(tB).65 G .282(ritton Lee, and ag)-2.782 F
.282(ain on the Mammoth)-.05 F(and T)87 244.8 Q(itan Projects at Berk)
-.35 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G .454(Much of the second w)112 261 R
-2.25 -.2(av e)-.1 H .453(of impro)3.153 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .453
(ments should be credited to Bryan Costales of ICSI.).15 F .453(As he)
5.453 F .781(passed me drafts of his book on)87 273 R F2(sendmail)3.281
E F1 3.281(Iw)3.281 G .781(as inspired to start w)-3.381 F .781
(orking on things ag)-.1 F 3.282(ain. Bryan)-.05 F -.1(wa)3.282 G(s).1 E
(also a)87 285 Q -.25(va)-.2 G(ilable to bounce ideas of).25 E 2.5(fo)
-.25 G(f.)-2.5 E(Man)112 301.2 Q 2.857 -.65(y, m)-.15 H(an).65 E 4.057
(yp)-.15 G 1.557(eople contrib)-4.057 F 1.556
(uted chunks of code and ideas to)-.2 F F2(sendmail)4.056 E F1 6.556(.I)
C 4.056(th)-6.556 G 1.556(as pro)-4.056 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 4.056(nt).15 G
4.056(ob)-4.056 G 4.056(ea)-4.056 G .463(group netw)87 313.2 R .463
(ork ef)-.1 F 2.963(fort. V)-.25 F .463(ersion 8 in particular w)-1.11 F
.463(as a group project.)-.1 F .464(The follo)5.464 F .464
(wing people made notable)-.25 F(contrib)87 325.2 Q(utions:)-.2 E
(John Beck, He)127 341.4 Q(wlett-P)-.25 E(ackard)-.15 E -.25(Ke)127
353.4 S(ith Bostic, CSRG, Uni).25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
(rsity of California, Berk).15 E(ele)-.1 E(y)-.15 E(Andre)127 365.4 Q
2.5(wC)-.25 G(heng, Sun Microsystems)-2.5 E(Michael J. Corrig)127 377.4
Q(an, Uni)-.05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsity of California, San Die).15 E(go)
-.15 E(Bryan Costales, International Computer Science Institute)127
389.4 Q -.15(Pa)127 401.4 S -.5(..)-4.402 -6 O 2.5(r\().552 6 O
(Pell\) Emanuelsson)-2.5 E(Craig Ev)127 413.4 Q(erhart, T)-.15 E
(ransarc Corporation)-.35 E -.8(To)127 425.4 S 2.5(mI).8 G -.25(va)-2.5
G 2.5(rH).25 G(elbekkmo, Norwe)-2.5 E(gian School of Economics)-.15 E
(Allan E. Johannesen, WPI)127 437.4 Q(Jonathan Kamens, OpenV)127 449.4 Q
(ision T)-.6 E(echnologies, Inc.)-.7 E -.8(Ta)127 461.4 S
(kahiro Kanbe, Fuji Xerox Information Systems Co., Ltd.).8 E
(Brian Kantor)127 473.4 Q 2.5(,U)-.4 G(ni)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
(rsity of California, San Die).15 E(go)-.15 E(Murray S. K)127 485.4 Q
(uchera)-.15 E(wy)-.15 E 2.5(,H)-.65 G(ookUp Communication Corp.)-2.5 E
(Bruce Lilly)127 497.4 Q 2.5(,S)-.65 G(on)-2.5 E 2.5(yU)-.15 G(.S.)-2.5
E(Karl London)127 509.4 Q(Motonori Nakamura, Ritsumeikan Uni)127 521.4 Q
-.15(ve)-.25 G(rsity & K).15 E(yoto Uni)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsity).15
E(John Gardiner Myers, Carne)127 533.4 Q(gie Mellon Uni)-.15 E -.15(ve)
-.25 G(rsity).15 E(Neil Rick)127 545.4 Q(ert, Northern Illinois Uni)-.1
E -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsity).15 E(Eric Schnoebelen, Con)127 557.4 Q .3 -.15
(vex C)-.4 H(omputer Corp.).15 E(Eric W)127 569.4 Q(assenaar)-.8 E 2.5
(,N)-.4 G(ational Institute for Nuclear and High Ener)-2.5 E(gy Ph)-.18
E(ysics, Amsterdam)-.05 E(Christophe W)127 581.4 Q(olfhugel, P)-.8 E
(asteur Institute & Herv)-.15 E 2.5(eS)-.15 G(chauer Consultants \(P)
-2.5 E(aris\))-.15 E 3.22(Ia)87 597.6 S .72(pologize for an)-3.22 F .72
(yone I ha)-.15 F 1.019 -.15(ve o)-.2 H .719
(mitted, misspelled, misattrib).15 F .719(uted, or otherwise missed.)-.2
F .719(At this point, I)5.719 F 1.092
(suspect that at least a hundred people ha)87 609.6 R 1.393 -.15(ve c)
-.2 H(ontrib).15 E 1.093(uted code, and man)-.2 F 3.593(ym)-.15 G 1.093
(ore ha)-3.593 F 1.393 -.15(ve c)-.2 H(ontrib).15 E 1.093(uted ideas,)
-.2 F 1.534(comments, and encouragement.)87 621.6 R(I')6.534 E 1.834
-.15(ve t)-.5 H 1.534(ried to list them in the RELEASE_NO).15 F 1.533
(TES in the distrib)-.4 F(ution)-.2 E(directory)87 633.6 Q 5(.I)-.65 G
(appreciate their contrib)-2.5 E(ution as well.)-.2 E .742
(Special thanks are reserv)112 649.8 R .742(ed for Michael Corrig)-.15 F
.743(an and Christophe W)-.05 F .743(olfhugel, who besides being)-.8 F
-.1(wo)87 661.8 S 2.1(nderful guinea pigs and contrib).1 F 2.1(utors ha)
-.2 F 2.4 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 2.1(lso consented to be added to the `).15 F
(`sendmail@Send-)-.74 E(mail.ORG')87 673.8 Q 3.61('l)-.74 G 1.11
(ist and, by answering the b)-3.61 F 1.111
(ulk of the questions sent to that list, ha)-.2 F 1.411 -.15(ve f)-.2 H
1.111(reed me up to do).15 F(other w)87 685.8 Q(ork.)-.1 E EP
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/F0 12/Times-Bold@0 SF 3(APPENDIX A)257.172 98.4 R(COMMAND LINE FLA)
224.832 141.6 Q(GS)-.66 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(Ar)97 201 Q
(guments must be presented with \215ags before addresses.)-.18 E
(The \215ags are:)5 E<ad62>72 217.2 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(x)A F1
(Set operation mode to)56.92 E F2(x)2.5 E F1 5(.O)C(peration modes are:)
-5 E 12.22(mD)184 233.4 S(eli)-12.22 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rm).15 G
(ail \(def)-2.5 E(ault\))-.1 E 16.11(sS)184 245.4 S
(peak SMTP on input side)-16.11 E 8.06(a\207 `)184 257.4 R -.8(`A)-.74 G
(rpanet').8 E 2.5('m)-.74 G(ode \(get en)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.4 G
(lope sender information from header\)).15 E 15(dR)184 269.4 S
(un as a daemon in background)-15 E 12.78(DR)184 281.4 S
(un as a daemon in fore)-12.78 E(ground)-.15 E 17.22(tR)184 293.4 S
(un in test mode)-17.22 E 15(vJ)184 305.4 S(ust v)-15 E
(erify addresses, don')-.15 E 2.5(tc)-.18 G(ollect or deli)-2.5 E -.15
(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E 17.22(iI)184 317.4 S(nitialize the alias database)
-17.22 E 15(pP)184 329.4 S(rint the mail queue)-15 E<ad42>72 349.8 Q F2
(type)A F1(Indicate body type.)43.03 E<ad43>72 366 Q F2(\214le)A F1 .947
(Use a dif)47.47 F .946(ferent con\214guration \214le.)-.25 F F2
(Sendmail)5.946 E F1 .946(runs as the in)3.446 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .946
(king user \(rather than root\)).2 F(when this \215ag is speci\214ed.)
144 378 Q<ad64>72 394.2 Q F2(le)A(vel)-.15 E F1(Set deb)42.63 E
(ugging le)-.2 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(l.).15 E<ad66>72 410.4 Q F2(addr)2.5 E
F1(The sender')41.64 E 2.5(sm)-.55 G(achine address is)-2.5 E F2(addr)
2.5 E F1(.)A<ad46>72 426.6 Q F2(name)A F1
(Sets the full name of this user to)39.14 E F2(name)2.5 E F1(.)A<ad68>72
442.8 Q F2(cnt)2.5 E F1 .725(Sets the \231hop count\232 to)46.64 F F2
(cnt)3.225 E F1 5.725(.T)C .726
(his represents the number of times this message has been)-5.725 F .02
(processed by)144 454.8 R F2(sendmail)2.52 E F1 .02(\(to the e)2.52 F
.02(xtent that it is supported by the underlying netw)-.15 F(orks\).)-.1
E F2(Cnt)5.02 E F1 1.521(is incremented during processing, and if it reaches MAXHOP \(currently 30\))
144 466.8 R F2(sendmail)4.021 E F1(thro)144 478.8 Q(ws a)-.25 E -.1(wa)
-.15 G 2.5(yt).1 G(he message with an error)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E 58.86
(\255n Don')72 495 R 2.5(td)-.18 G 2.5(oa)-2.5 G(liasing or forw)-2.5 E
(arding.)-.1 E<ad4e>72 511.2 Q F2(noti\214cations)2.5 E F1 -.8(Ta)7.19 G
3.128(ga).8 G .628(ll addresses being sent as w)-3.128 F .628
(anting the indicated)-.1 F F2(noti\214cations)3.128 E F1 3.127(,w)C
.627(hich consists of the)-3.127 F -.1(wo)144 523.2 S .474
(rd \231NEVER\232 or a comma-separated list of \231SUCCESS\232, \231F).1
F .474(AILURE\232, and \231DELA)-.74 F<599a>-1.05 E .86
(for successful deli)144 535.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E 3.36(,f)-.65 G
.86(ailure, and a message that is stuck in a queue some)-3.46 F 3.36
(where. The)-.25 F(def)144 547.2 Q(ault is \231F)-.1 E(AILURE,DELA)-.74
E(Y\232.)-1.05 E<ad72>72 563.4 Q F2(addr)2.5 E F1(An obsolete form of)
41.64 E/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad66>2.5 E F1(.)A<ad6f>72 579.6 Q F2 1.666
(xv)C(alue)-1.666 E F1(Set option)33.594 E F2(x)2.5 E F1
(to the speci\214ed)2.5 E F2(value)2.5 E F1 5(.T)C
(hese options are described in Section 5.6.)-5 E<ad4f>72 595.8 Q F2
(option)A F3(=)A F2(value)A F1(Set)6.22 E F2(option)5.173 E F1 2.674
(to the speci\214ed)5.173 F F2(value)5.174 E F1 2.674
(\(for long form option names\).)5.174 F 2.674(These options are)7.674 F
(described in Section 5.6.)144 607.8 Q<ad4d>72 624 Q F2 1.666(xv)C
27.204(alue Set)-1.666 F(macr)2.5 E 2.5(oxt)-.45 G 2.5(ot)-2.5 G
(he speci\214ed value)-2.5 E(.)-.15 E F1<ad70>72 640.2 Q F2(pr)A(otocol)
-.45 E F1 .401(Set the sending protocol.)27.92 F .401
(Programs are encouraged to set this.)5.401 F .4
(The protocol \214eld can be)5.401 F .114(in the form)144 652.2 R F2(pr)
2.614 E(otocol)-.45 E F3(:)A F2(host)A F1 .114
(to set both the sending protocol and sending host.)2.614 F -.15(Fo)
5.115 G 2.615(re).15 G(xample,)-2.765 E 2.147(\231\255pUUCP:uunet\232 sets the sending protocol to UUCP and the sending host to uunet.)
144 664.2 R .973(\(Some e)144 676.2 R .974
(xisting programs use \255oM to set the r and s macros; this is equi)
-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .974(lent to using).25 F .32 LW 76 685.8 72 685.8
DL 80 685.8 76 685.8 DL 84 685.8 80 685.8 DL 88 685.8 84 685.8 DL 92
685.8 88 685.8 DL 96 685.8 92 685.8 DL 100 685.8 96 685.8 DL 104 685.8
100 685.8 DL 108 685.8 104 685.8 DL 112 685.8 108 685.8 DL 116 685.8 112
685.8 DL 120 685.8 116 685.8 DL 124 685.8 120 685.8 DL 128 685.8 124
685.8 DL 132 685.8 128 685.8 DL 136 685.8 132 685.8 DL 140 685.8 136
685.8 DL 144 685.8 140 685.8 DL 148 685.8 144 685.8 DL 152 685.8 148
685.8 DL 156 685.8 152 685.8 DL 160 685.8 156 685.8 DL 164 685.8 160
685.8 DL 168 685.8 164 685.8 DL 172 685.8 168 685.8 DL 176 685.8 172
685.8 DL 180 685.8 176 685.8 DL 184 685.8 180 685.8 DL 188 685.8 184
685.8 DL 192 685.8 188 685.8 DL 196 685.8 192 685.8 DL 200 685.8 196
685.8 DL 204 685.8 200 685.8 DL 208 685.8 204 685.8 DL 212 685.8 208
685.8 DL 216 685.8 212 685.8 DL/F4 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(\207Deprecated.)
93.6 697.8 Q F3 193.36(SMM:08-70 Sendmail)72 756 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-71)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(\255p.\))144 96 Q<ad71>72
112.2 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(time)A F1 -.35(Tr)44.14 G 3.168(yt).35 G
3.167(op)-3.168 G .667(rocess the queued up mail.)-3.167 F .667
(If the time is gi)5.667 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .667(n, a).15 F F2(sendmail)
3.167 E F1 .667(will run through the)3.167 F
(queue at the speci\214ed interv)144 124.2 Q(al to deli)-.25 E -.15(ve)
-.25 G 2.5(rq).15 G(ueued mail; otherwise, it only runs once.)-2.5 E
<ad71>72 140.4 Q F2(Xstring)A F1 .312
(Run the queue once, limiting the jobs to those matching)31.91 F F2
(Xstring)2.813 E F1 5.313(.T)C .313(he k)-5.313 F .613 -.15(ey l)-.1 H
(etter).15 E F2(X)2.813 E F1 .313(can be)2.813 F F0(I)144 152.4 Q F1
.671(to limit based on queue identi\214er)3.171 F(,)-.4 E F0(R)3.171 E
F1 .67(to limit based on recipient, or)3.171 F F0(S)3.17 E F1 .67
(to limit based on)3.17 F(sender)144 164.4 Q 6.053(.A)-.55 G 1.054(particular queued job is accepted if one of the corresponding addresses con-)
-2.5 F(tains the indicated)144 176.4 Q F2(string)2.5 E F1(.)A(\255R ret)
72 192.6 Q 1.687(What information you w)46.64 F 1.687
(ant returned if the message bounces;)-.1 F F2 -.37(re)4.187 G(t).37 E
F1 1.687(can be \231HDRS\232 for)4.187 F .877
(headers only or \231FULL\232 for headers plus body)144 204.6 R 5.877
(.T)-.65 G .878(his is a request only; the other end is)-5.877 F
(not required to honor the parameter)144 216.6 Q(.)-.55 E 61.08
(\255t Read)72 232.8 R .752(the header for \231T)3.252 F .752
(o:\232, \231Cc:\232, and \231Bcc:\232 lines, and send to e)-.8 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G .752(ryone listed in those).15 F 2.539(lists. The)144 244.8 R
.039(\231Bcc:\232 line will be deleted before sending.)2.539 F(An)5.039
E 2.539(ya)-.15 G .04(ddresses in the ar)-2.539 F .04(gument v)-.18 F
(ec-)-.15 E(tor will be deleted from the send list.)144 256.8 Q 56.64
(\255U Indicate)72 273 R 1.029
(that this is an initial User Agent submission.)3.529 F 1.028
(In future releases, sendmail may)6.028 F 1.12
(complain about syntactically in)144 285 R -.25(va)-.4 G 1.121
(lid messages rather than \214xing them when this \215ag is).25 F
(not set.)144 297 Q(\255V en)72 313.2 Q 32.32(vid The)-.4 F(indicated)
3.18 E F2(en)3.18 E(vid)-.4 E F1 .68(is passed with the en)3.18 F -.15
(ve)-.4 G .679(lope of the message and returned if the mes-).15 F
(sage bounces.)144 325.2 Q<ad58>72 341.4 Q F2(lo)2.5 E(g\214le)-.1 E F1
.724(Log all traf)31.74 F .724(\214c in and out of)-.25 F F2(sendmail)
3.225 E F1 .725(in the indicated)3.225 F F2(lo)3.225 E(g\214le)-.1 E F1
.725(for deb)3.225 F .725(ugging mailer prob-)-.2 F 2.5(lems. This)144
353.4 R(produces a lot of data v)2.5 E
(ery quickly and should be used sparingly)-.15 E(.)-.65 E .638
(There are a number of options that may be speci\214ed as primiti)97
369.6 R .937 -.15(ve \215)-.25 H 3.137(ags. These).15 F .637
(are the e, i, m, and v)3.137 F 2.5(options. Also,)72 381.6 R
(the f option may be speci\214ed as the)2.5 E F0<ad73>2.5 E F1(\215ag.)
2.5 E EP
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/F0 12/Times-Bold@0 SF 3(APPENDIX B)250.002 98.4 R -.12(QU)220.29 141.6
S(EUE FILE FORMA).12 E(TS)-1.14 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .291
(This appendix describes the format of the queue \214les.)97 201 R .292
(These \214les li)5.292 F .592 -.15(ve i)-.25 H 2.792(nt).15 G .292
(he directory de\214ned by the)-2.792 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Q)72 213 Q
F1(option in the)2.5 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1
(\214le, usually)2.5 E F3(/var/spool/mqueue)2.5 E F1(or)2.5 E F3
(/usr/spool/mqueue)2.5 E F1(.)A .23(All queue \214les ha)97 229.2 R .53
-.15(ve t)-.2 H .23(he name).15 F F3(x)2.73 E F2(f)1.666 E F3(AAA99999)A
F1(where)2.73 E F3(AAA99999)2.73 E F1 .23(is the)2.73 F F3(id)2.73 E F1
.229(for this message and the)2.73 F F3(x)2.729 E F1 .229(is a)2.729 F
3.601(type. The)72 241.2 R 1.101(\214rst letter of the id encodes the hour of the day that the message w)
3.601 F 1.101(as recei)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.601(db).15 G 3.601(yt)
-3.601 G 1.101(he system)-3.601 F .552
(\(with A being the hour between midnight and 1:00AM\).)72 253.2 R .552
(All \214les with the same id collecti)5.552 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .551
(ly de\214ne one).15 F(message.)72 265.2 Q(The types are:)97 281.4 Q 31
(dT)72 297.6 S(he data \214le.)-31 E(The message body \(e)5 E
(xcluding the header\) is k)-.15 E(ept in this \214le.)-.1 E 31(qT)72
313.8 S(he queue control \214le.)-31 E
(This \214le contains the information necessary to process the job)5 E
(.)-.4 E 33.22(tA)72 330 S .344(temporary \214le.)-30.376 F .344
(These are an image of the)5.344 F F2(qf)2.844 E F1 .344
(\214le when it is being reb)2.844 F 2.845(uilt. It)-.2 F .345
(should be renamed)2.845 F(to a)108 342 Q F2(qf)2.5 E F1(\214le v)2.5 E
(ery quickly)-.15 E(.)-.65 E 31(xA)72 358.2 S .567(transcript \214le, e)
-27.933 F .567(xisting during the life of a session sho)-.15 F .566
(wing e)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .566(rything that happens during that).15
F(session.)108 370.2 Q(The)97 386.4 Q F2(qf)3.333 E F1 .833
(\214le is structured as a series of lines each be)3.333 F .834
(ginning with a code letter)-.15 F 5.834(.T)-.55 G .834
(he lines are as fol-)-5.834 F(lo)72 398.4 Q(ws:)-.25 E 28.78(VT)72
414.6 S .82(he v)-28.78 F .82
(ersion number of the queue \214le format, used to allo)-.15 F 3.319(wn)
-.25 G -.25(ew)-3.319 G F3(sendmail)3.569 E F1 .819
(binaries to read queue)3.319 F .003(\214les created by older v)108
426.6 R 2.504(ersions. Def)-.15 F .004(aults to v)-.1 F .004
(ersion zero.)-.15 F .004
(Must be the \214rst line of the \214le if present.)5.004 F 28.78(HA)72
442.8 S .33(header de\214nition.)-25.95 F .33(There may be an)5.33 F
2.829(yn)-.15 G .329(umber of these lines.)-2.829 F .329
(The order is important: the)5.329 F 2.829(yr)-.15 G(epre-)-2.829 E .046
(sent the order in the \214nal message.)108 454.8 R .046
(These use the same syntax as header de\214nitions in the con\214gu-)
5.046 F(ration \214le.)108 466.8 Q 29.33(CT)72 483 S .575
(he controlling address.)-29.33 F .575
(The syntax is \231localuser:aliasname\232.)5.575 F .575
(Recipient addresses follo)5.575 F .575(wing this)-.25 F 2.814
(line will be \215agged so that deli)108 495 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.814
(ries will be run as the).15 F F3(localuser)5.314 E F1 2.814
(\(a user name from the)5.314 F .562(/etc/passwd \214le\);)108 507 R F3
(aliasname)3.062 E F1 .561(is the name of the alias that e)3.062 F .561
(xpanded to this address \(used for print-)-.15 F(ing messages\).)108
519 Q 28.78(QT)72 535.2 S .797(he `)-28.78 F .797(`original recipient')
-.74 F .798
(', speci\214ed by the ORCPT= \214eld in an ESMTP transaction.)-.74 F
.798(Used e)5.798 F(xclu-)-.15 E(si)108 547.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ly for Deli).15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry Status Noti\214cations.).15 E
(It applies only to the immediately follo)5 E(wing `R' line.)-.25 E
29.33(RA)72 563.4 S .705(recipient address.)-26.125 F .705
(This will normally be completely aliased, b)5.705 F .705
(ut is actually realiased when the)-.2 F .492(job is processed.)108
575.4 R .492(There will be one line for each recipient.)5.492 F -1.11
(Ve)5.492 G .493(rsion 1 qf \214les also include a lead-)1.11 F .689(ing colon-terminated list of \215ags, which can be `S' to return a message on successful \214nal deli)
108 587.4 R(v-)-.25 E(ery)108 599.4 Q 3.327(,`)-.65 G .828
(F' to return a message on f)-3.327 F .828
(ailure, `D' to return a message if the message is delayed, `B' to)-.1 F
.941(indicate that the body should be returned, `N' to suppress returning the body)
108 611.4 R 3.44(,a)-.65 G .94(nd `P' to declare)-3.44 F(this as a `)108
623.4 Q(`primary')-.74 E 2.5('\()-.74 G
(command line or SMTP-session\) address.)-2.5 E 30.44(ST)72 639.6 S
(he sender address.)-30.44 E(There may only be one of these lines.)5 E
29.89(TT)72 655.8 S(he job creation time.)-29.89 E
(This is used to compute when to time out the job)5 E(.)-.4 E 30.44(PT)
72 672 S .113(he current message priority)-30.44 F 5.113(.T)-.65 G .113
(his is used to order the queue.)-5.113 F .114(Higher numbers mean lo)
5.114 F .114(wer priori-)-.25 F 3.677(ties. The)108 684 R 1.176
(priority changes as the message sits in the queue.)3.677 F 1.176
(The initial priority depends on the)6.176 F
(message class and the size of the message.)108 696 Q 27.11(MA)72 712.2
S 2.703(message. This)-24.407 F .203(line is printed by the)2.703 F F3
(mailq)2.703 E F1 .204
(command, and is generally used to store status infor)2.704 F(-)-.2 E
2.5(mation. It)108 724.2 R(can contain an)2.5 E 2.5(yt)-.15 G -.15(ex)
-2.5 G(t.).15 E F2 193.36(SMM:08-72 Sendmail)72 756 R
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-73)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 30.44(FF)72 96 S .044
(lag bits, represented as one letter per \215ag.)-30.44 F .043
(De\214ned \215ag bits are)5.043 F F0(r)2.543 E F1 .043
(indicating that this is a response)2.543 F .142(message and)108 108 R
F0(w)2.642 E F1 .142(indicating that a w)2.642 F .143
(arning message has been sent announcing that the mail has been)-.1 F
(delayed.)108 120 Q 28.78(NT)72 136.2 S(he total number of deli)-28.78 E
-.15(ve)-.25 G(ry attempts.).15 E 28.78(KT)72 152.4 S
(he time \(as seconds since January 1, 1970\) of the last deli)-28.78 E
-.15(ve)-.25 G(ry attempt.).15 E 32.67(IT)72 168.6 S .725
(he i-number of the data \214le; this can be used to reco)-32.67 F -.15
(ve)-.15 G 3.224(ry).15 G .724(our mail queue after a disastrous disk)
-3.224 F(crash.)108 180.6 Q 31($A)72 196.8 S .829(macro de\214nition.)
-27.671 F .829(The v)5.829 F .829
(alues of certain macros \(as of this writing, only)-.25 F F0($r)3.33 E
F1(and)3.33 E F0($s)3.33 E F1 3.33(\)a)C .83(re passed)-3.33 F
(through to the queue run phase.)108 208.8 Q 29.33(BT)72 225 S .925
(he body type.)-29.33 F .925(The remainder of the line is a te)5.925 F
.925(xt string de\214ning the body type.)-.15 F .924(If this \214eld is)
5.924 F .009(missing, the body type is assumed to be \231unde\214ned\232 and no special processing is attempted.)
108 237 R(Le)5.009 E -.05(ga)-.15 G(l).05 E -.25(va)108 249 S
(lues are \2317BIT\232 and \2318BITMIME\232.).25 E 28.78(OT)72 265.2 S
(he original MTS v)-28.78 E(alue \(from the ESMTP transaction\).)-.25 E
-.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(rD).15 G(eli)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rS).15 G
(tatus Noti\214cations only)-2.5 E(.)-.65 E 29.89(ZT)72 281.4 S
(he original en)-29.89 E -.15(ve)-.4 G
(lope id \(from the ESMTP transaction\).).15 E -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(rD).15 G
(eli)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rS).15 G(tatus Noti\214cations only)-2.5
E(.)-.65 E 4.073(As an e)97 297.6 R 4.073(xample, the follo)-.15 F 4.072
(wing is a queue \214le sent to \231eric@mammoth.Berk)-.25 F(ele)-.1 E
-.65(y.)-.15 G 4.072(EDU\232 and).65 F(\231bostic@ok)72 311.6 Q(eef)-.1
E(fe.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU\232).65 E/F2 7
/Times-Roman@0 SF(1)-4 I F1(:)4 I(P835771)112 327.8 Q(T404261372)112
339.8 Q(Seric)112 351.8 Q(Ceric:sendmail@v)112 363.8 Q(angogh.CS.Berk)
-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E(Reric@mammoth.Berk)112 375.8 Q
(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E(Rbostic@ok)112 387.8 Q(eef)-.1 E
(fe.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E
(H?P?return-path: <o)112 399.8 Q(wner)-.25 E(-sendmail@v)-.2 E
(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU>).65 E(Hrecei)112
411.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(d: by v).15 E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E
-.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU \(5.108/2.7\) id AAA06703;).65 E
(Fri, 17 Jul 92 00:28:55 -0700)132 423.8 Q(Hrecei)112 435.8 Q -.15(ve)
-.25 G(d: from mail.CS.Berk).15 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU by v).65
E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU \(5.108/2.7\)).65 E
(id AAA06698; Fri, 17 Jul 92 00:28:54 -0700)132 447.8 Q(Hrecei)112 459.8
Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(d: from [128.32.31.21] by mail.CS.Berk).15 E(ele)-.1 E
-.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU \(5.96/2.5\)).65 E
(id AA22777; Fri, 17 Jul 92 03:29:14 -0400)132 471.8 Q(Hrecei)112 483.8
Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(d: by foo.bar).15 E(.baz.de \(5.57/Ultrix3.0-C\))-.55 E
(id AA22757; Fri, 17 Jul 92 09:31:25 GMT)132 495.8 Q
(H?F?from: eric@foo.bar)112 507.8 Q(.baz.de \(Eric Allman\))-.55 E
(H?x?full-name: Eric Allman)112 519.8 Q
(Hmessage-id: <9207170931.AA22757@foo.bar)112 531.8 Q(.baz.de>)-.55 E
(HT)112 543.8 Q(o: sendmail@v)-.8 E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65
(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E(Hsubject: this is an e)112 555.8 Q(xample message)
-.15 E .658(This sho)72 572 R .658(ws the person who sent the message, the submission time \(in seconds since January 1, 1970\), the)
-.25 F(message priority)72 584 Q 2.5(,t)-.65 G
(he message class, the recipients, and the headers for the message.)-2.5
E .32 LW 76 669.2 72 669.2 DL 80 669.2 76 669.2 DL 84 669.2 80 669.2 DL
88 669.2 84 669.2 DL 92 669.2 88 669.2 DL 96 669.2 92 669.2 DL 100 669.2
96 669.2 DL 104 669.2 100 669.2 DL 108 669.2 104 669.2 DL 112 669.2 108
669.2 DL 116 669.2 112 669.2 DL 120 669.2 116 669.2 DL 124 669.2 120
669.2 DL 128 669.2 124 669.2 DL 132 669.2 128 669.2 DL 136 669.2 132
669.2 DL 140 669.2 136 669.2 DL 144 669.2 140 669.2 DL 148 669.2 144
669.2 DL 152 669.2 148 669.2 DL 156 669.2 152 669.2 DL 160 669.2 156
669.2 DL 164 669.2 160 669.2 DL 168 669.2 164 669.2 DL 172 669.2 168
669.2 DL 176 669.2 172 669.2 DL 180 669.2 176 669.2 DL 184 669.2 180
669.2 DL 188 669.2 184 669.2 DL 192 669.2 188 669.2 DL 196 669.2 192
669.2 DL 200 669.2 196 669.2 DL 204 669.2 200 669.2 DL 208 669.2 204
669.2 DL 212 669.2 208 669.2 DL 216 669.2 212 669.2 DL/F3 5
/Times-Roman@0 SF(1)93.6 679.6 Q/F4 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .718(This e)3.2 J
.718(xample is contri)-.12 F -.12(ve)-.2 G 2.718(da).12 G .718
(nd probably inaccurate for your en)-2.718 F 2.719(vironment. Glance)
-.32 F -.12(ove)2.719 G 2.719(ri).12 G 2.719(tt)-2.719 G 2.719(og)-2.719
G .719(et an idea; nothing can replace)-2.719 F(looking at what your o)
72 692.4 Q(wn system generates.)-.2 E EP
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/F0 12/Times-Bold@0 SF 3(APPENDIX C)249.672 98.4 R(SUMMAR)198.282 141.6
Q 3(YO)-.42 G 3(FS)-3 G(UPPOR)-3 E 3(TF)-.48 G(ILES)-3 E/F1 10
/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.519(This is a summary of the support \214les that)97
201 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)4.019 E F1 1.52
(creates or generates.)4.019 F(Man)6.52 E 4.02(yo)-.15 G 4.02(ft)-4.02 G
1.52(hese can be)-4.02 F(changed by editing the sendmail.cf \214le; check there to \214nd the actual pathnames.)
72 213 Q(/usr/sbin/sendmail)72 229.2 Q(The binary of)144 241.2 Q F2
(sendmail)2.5 E F1(.)A(/usr/bin/ne)72 257.4 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E
3.735(Al)144 269.4 S 1.235
(ink to /usr/sbin/sendmail; causes the alias database to be reb)-3.735 F
3.734(uilt. Running)-.2 F 1.234(this pro-)3.734 F
(gram is completely equi)144 281.4 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to gi).25 E
(ving)-.25 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(the)2.5 E/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF
(\255bi)2.5 E F1(\215ag.)2.5 E 13.38(/usr/bin/mailq Prints)72 297.6 R
3.702(al)3.702 G 1.202(isting of the mail queue.)-3.702 F 1.203
(This program is equi)6.202 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.203(lent to using the).25
F F3(\255bp)3.703 E F1 1.203(\215ag to)3.703 F F2(sendmail)144 309.6 Q
F1(.)A 5.9(/etc/sendmail.cf The)72 325.8 R
(con\214guration \214le, in te)2.5 E(xtual form.)-.15 E
(/usr/lib/sendmail.hf)72 342 Q(The SMTP help \214le.)144 354 Q 7
(/etc/sendmail.st A)72 370.2 R(statistics \214le; need not be present.)
2.5 E .89(/etc/sendmail.pid Created)72 386.4 R .318
(in daemon mode; it contains the process id of the current SMTP daemon.)
2.818 F .318(If you)5.318 F .337(use this in scripts; use `)144 398.4 R
.337(`head \2551')-.74 F 2.838('t)-.74 G 2.838(og)-2.838 G .338
(et just the \214rst line; later v)-2.838 F .338(ersions of)-.15 F F2
(sendmail)2.838 E F1(may)2.838 E(add information to subsequent lines.)
144 410.4 Q 25.62(/etc/aliases The)72 426.6 R(te)2.5 E(xtual v)-.15 E
(ersion of the alias \214le.)-.15 E(/etc/aliases.{pag,dir})72 442.8 Q
(The alias \214le in)144 454.8 Q F2(dbm)2.5 E F1(\(3\) format.)1.666 E
(/v)72 471 Q(ar/spool/mqueue)-.25 E
(The directory in which the mail queue and temporary \214les reside.)144
483 Q(/v)72 499.2 Q(ar/spool/mqueue/qf*)-.25 E
(Control \(queue\) \214les for messages.)144 511.2 Q(/v)72 527.4 Q
(ar/spool/mqueue/df*)-.25 E(Data \214les.)144 539.4 Q(/v)72 555.6 Q
(ar/spool/mqueue/tf*)-.25 E -.7(Te)144 567.6 S(mporary v).7 E
(ersions of the qf \214les, used during queue \214le reb)-.15 E(uild.)
-.2 E(/v)72 583.8 Q(ar/spool/mqueue/xf*)-.25 E 2.5(At)144 595.8 S
(ranscript of the current session.)-2.5 E F3 193.36(SMM:08-74 Sendmail)
72 756 R(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-3)200.86 E/F1 12/Times-Roman@0 SF -1.116(TA)263.226 98.4 S
(BLE OF CONTENTS)1.116 E/F2 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 2.5(1. B)72 124.8 R
(ASIC INST)-.35 E(ALLA)-.93 E 1.18(TION ...............................................................................................................)
-1.11 F(7)31 E 2.5(1.1. Compiling)87 139.2 R .43(Sendmail ..............................................................................................................)
2.5 F(7)31 E 2.5(1.1.1. T)102 153.6 R(weaking the Mak)-.8 E 1.64(e\214le .................................................................................................)
-.1 F(7)31 E 2.5(1.1.2. Compilation)102 168 R(and installation)2.5 E
28.5(........................................................................................ 8)
4.6 F 2.5(1.2. Con\214guration)87 182.4 R .99(Files ................................................................................................................)
2.5 F(8)31 E 2.5(1.3. Details)87 196.8 R(of Installation Files)2.5 E
28.5(................................................................................................... 9)
4.89 F 2.5(1.3.1. /usr/sbin/sendmail)102 211.2 R 28.5(......................................................................................................... 9)
2.66 F 2.5(1.3.2. /etc/sendmail.cf)102 225.6 R 23.5(............................................................................................................ 10)
4.9 F 2.5(1.3.3. /usr/bin/ne)102 240 R -.1(wa)-.25 G 2.19(liases .......................................................................................................)
.1 F(10)26 E 2.5(1.3.4. /usr/bin/hoststat)102 254.4 R 23.5(............................................................................................................ 10)
4.6 F 2.5(1.3.5. /usr/bin/pur)102 268.8 R 1.18(gestat ..........................................................................................................)
-.18 F(10)26 E 2.5(1.3.6. /v)102 283.2 R 1.81(ar/spool/mqueue ........................................................................................................)
-.25 F(10)26 E 2.5(1.3.7. /v)102 297.6 R .97(ar/spool/mqueue/.hoststat ..........................................................................................)
-.25 F(10)26 E 2.5(1.3.8. /etc/aliases*)102 312 R 23.5(.................................................................................................................. 10)
4.62 F 2.5(1.3.9. /etc/rc)102 326.4 R 23.5(............................................................................................................................ 11)
3.51 F 2.5(1.3.10. /usr/lib/sendmail.hf)102 340.8 R 23.5(..................................................................................................... 11)
2.94 F 2.5(1.3.11. /etc/sendmail.st)102 355.2 R 23.5(........................................................................................................... 11)
3.5 F 2.5(1.3.12. /usr/bin/mailq)102 369.6 R 23.5(............................................................................................................. 11)
4.88 F 2.5(2. NORMAL)72 384 R(OPERA)2.5 E 1.56(TIONS .............................................................................................................)
-1.11 F(12)26 E 2.5(2.1. The)87 398.4 R(System Log)2.5 E 23.5(.................................................................................................................... 12)
4.89 F 2.5(2.1.1. F)102 412.8 R 2.26(ormat ..........................................................................................................................)
-.15 F(13)26 E 2.5(2.1.2. Le)102 427.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.24(ls ...........................................................................................................................)
.15 F(13)26 E 2.5(2.2. Dumping)87 441.6 R .72(State .......................................................................................................................)
2.5 F(14)26 E 2.5(2.3. The)87 456 R(Mail Queue)2.5 E 23.5(..................................................................................................................... 14)
2.96 F 2.5(2.3.1. Printing)102 470.4 R(the queue)2.5 E 23.5(......................................................................................................... 14)
2.67 F 2.5(2.3.2. F)102 484.8 R(orcing the queue)-.15 E 23.5(......................................................................................................... 14)
3.94 F 2.5(2.4. Disk)87 499.2 R(Based Connection Information)2.5 E 23.5
(..................................................................................... 15)
3.79 F 2.5(2.5. The)87 513.6 R(Service Switch)2.5 E 23.5(................................................................................................................ 15)
2.68 F 2.5(2.6. The)87 528 R(Alias Database)2.5 E 23.5(................................................................................................................ 16)
2.69 F 2.5(2.6.1. Reb)102 542.4 R(uilding the alias database)-.2 E 23.5
(....................................................................................... 17)
4.27 F 2.5(2.6.2. Potential)102 556.8 R .72(problems ........................................................................................................)
2.5 F(17)26 E 2.5(2.6.3. List)102 571.2 R -.25(ow)2.5 G 1.81(ners ...................................................................................................................)
.25 F(17)26 E 2.5(2.7. User)87 585.6 R(Information Database)2.5 E 23.5(.................................................................................................... 18)
2.7 F 2.5(2.8. Per)87 600 R(-User F)-.2 E(orw)-.15 E(arding \(.forw)-.1
E(ard Files\))-.1 E 23.5(................................................................................... 18)
4.09 F 2.5(2.9. Special)87 614.4 R(Header Lines)2.5 E 23.5(............................................................................................................. 18)
2.97 F 2.5(2.9.1. Errors-T)102 628.8 R 2.09(o: .....................................................................................................................)
-.8 F(18)26 E 2.5(2.9.2. Apparently-T)102 643.2 R 2.09(o: .............................................................................................................)
-.8 F(18)26 E 2.5(2.9.3. Precedence)102 657.6 R 23.5(.................................................................................................................... 18)
2.97 F 2.5(2.10. IDENT)87 672 R(Protocol Support)2.5 E 23.5(..................................................................................................... 19)
2.95 F 2.5(3. ARGUMENTS)72 686.4 R 23.5(............................................................................................................................... 19)
3.78 F 2.5(3.1. Queue)87 700.8 R(Interv)2.5 E 1.55(al .......................................................................................................................)
-.25 F(19)26 E 2.5(3.2. Daemon)87 715.2 R 1.29(Mode .......................................................................................................................)
2.5 F(19)26 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 198.36(SMM:08-4 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 2.5
(3.3. F)87 96 R(orcing the Queue)-.15 E 23.5(................................................................................................................. 20)
4.22 F 2.5(3.4. Deb)87 110.4 R 1.76(ugging .............................................................................................................................)
-.2 F(20)26 E 2.5(3.5. Changing)87 124.8 R(the V)2.5 E(alues of Options)
-1.11 E 23.5(............................................................................................ 20)
3.23 F 2.5(3.6. T)87 139.2 R(rying a Dif)-.35 E
(ferent Con\214guration File)-.25 E 23.5(................................................................................... 21)
4.67 F 2.5(3.7. Logging)87 153.6 R -.35(Tr)2.5 G(af).35 E .5(\214c ......................................................................................................................)
-.25 F(21)26 E 2.5(3.8. T)87 168 R(esting Con\214guration Files)-.7 E
23.5(................................................................................................... 21)
4.19 F 2.5(3.9. Persistent)87 182.4 R(Host Status Information)2.5 E 23.5
(........................................................................................ 22)
3.5 F 2.5(4. TUNING)72 196.8 R 23.5(......................................................................................................................................... 22)
2.68 F 2.5(4.1. T)87 211.2 R 1.07(imeouts ................................................................................................................................)
-.35 F(22)26 E 2.5(4.1.1. Queue)102 225.6 R(interv)2.5 E 2.1(al ..............................................................................................................)
-.25 F(23)26 E 2.5(4.1.2. Read)102 240 R 1(timeouts ...............................................................................................................)
2.5 F(23)26 E 2.5(4.1.3. Message)102 254.4 R 1.56(timeouts .........................................................................................................)
2.5 F(24)26 E 2.5(4.2. F)87 268.8 R(orking During Queue Runs)-.15 E 23.5
(................................................................................................. 24)
4.49 F 2.5(4.3. Queue)87 283.2 R .73(Priorities .....................................................................................................................)
2.5 F(24)26 E 2.5(4.4. Load)87 297.6 R .44(Limiting ........................................................................................................................)
2.5 F(25)26 E 2.5(4.5. Deli)87 312 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry Mode).15 E 23.5(....................................................................................................................... 25)
3.08 F 2.5(4.6. Log)87 326.4 R(Le)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.52(l.).15 G
23.5(.............................................................................................................................. 26)
-2.52 F 2.5(4.7. File)87 340.8 R .72(Modes .............................................................................................................................)
2.5 F(26)26 E 2.5(4.7.1. T)102 355.2 R 2.5(os)-.8 G(uid or not to suid?)
-2.5 E 23.5(................................................................................................. 26)
6.52 F 2.5(4.7.2. Should)102 369.6 R(my alias database be writable?)2.5
E 23.5(........................................................................ 26)
5.47 F 2.5(4.8. Connection)87 384 R 1.56(Caching ..............................................................................................................)
2.5 F(27)26 E 2.5(4.9. Name)87 398.4 R(Serv)2.5 E(er Access)-.15 E 23.5
(.............................................................................................................. 27)
2.85 F 2.5(4.10. Mo)87 412.8 R(ving the Per)-.15 E(-User F)-.2 E(orw)
-.15 E(ard Files)-.1 E 23.5(.................................................................................... 28)
3.84 F 2.5(4.11. Free)87 427.2 R 1.85(Space ...........................................................................................................................)
2.5 F(28)26 E 2.5(4.12. Maximum)87 441.6 R(Message Size)2.5 E 23.5(..................................................................................................... 28)
4.62 F 2.5(4.13. Pri)87 456 R -.25(va)-.25 G .3 -.15(cy F).25 H 1.93(lags .......................................................................................................................)
.15 F(29)26 E 2.5(4.14. Send)87 470.4 R(to Me T)2.5 E 2.08(oo ...................................................................................................................)
-.8 F(29)26 E 2.5(5. THE)72 484.8 R(WHOLE SCOOP ON THE CONFIGURA)2.5 E
(TION FILE)-1.11 E 23.5
(........................................................ 29)4.64 F 2.5
(5.1. R)87 499.2 R(and S \212 Re)2.5 E(writing Rules)-.25 E 23.5(.................................................................................................. 29)
4.3 F 2.5(5.1.1. The)102 513.6 R(left hand side)2.5 E 23.5(......................................................................................................... 30)
4.07 F 2.5(5.1.2. The)102 528 R(right hand side)2.5 E 23.5(....................................................................................................... 30)
3.51 F 2.5(5.1.3. Semantics)102 542.4 R(of re)2.5 E(writing rule sets)
-.25 E 23.5(................................................................................... 31)
4.6 F 2.5(5.1.4. Ruleset)102 556.8 R 2.11(hooks ...............................................................................................................)
2.5 F(32)26 E 2.5(5.1.4.1. check_relay)117 571.2 R 23.5(.......................................................................................................... 32)
2.69 F 2.5(5.1.4.2. check_mail)117 585.6 R 23.5(.......................................................................................................... 32)
4.9 F 2.5(5.1.4.3. check_rcpt)117 600 R 23.5(........................................................................................................... 32)
4.63 F 2.5(5.1.4.4. check_compat)117 614.4 R 23.5(...................................................................................................... 32)
3.24 F 2.5(5.1.5. IPC)102 628.8 R 1(mailers ...................................................................................................................)
2.5 F(33)26 E 2.5(5.2. D)87 643.2 R 2.5<8a44>2.5 G(e\214ne Macro)-2.5 E
23.5(................................................................................................................ 33)
3.52 F 2.5(5.3. C)87 657.6 R(and F \212 De\214ne Classes)2.5 E 23.5(..................................................................................................... 36)
2.67 F 2.5(5.4. M)87 672 R 2.5<8a44>2.5 G(e\214ne Mailer)-2.5 E 23.5(............................................................................................................... 37)
3.79 F 2.5(5.5. H)87 686.4 R 2.5<8a44>2.5 G(e\214ne Header)-2.5 E 23.5(............................................................................................................... 41)
3.25 F 2.5(5.6. O)87 700.8 R 2.5<8a53>2.5 G(et Option)-2.5 E 23.5(..................................................................................................................... 41)
3.22 F 2.5(5.7. P)87 715.2 R 2.5<8a50>2.5 G(recedence De\214nitions)-2.5
E 23.5(.................................................................................................. 51)
2.96 F EP
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(SMM:08-5)200.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 2.5(5.8. V)87 96 R 2.5<8a43>
2.5 G(on\214guration V)-2.5 E(ersion Le)-1.11 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.8(l.)
.15 G 23.5(........................................................................................ 51)
-2.8 F 2.5(5.9. K)87 110.4 R 2.5<8a4b>2.5 G .3 -.15(ey F)-2.75 H
(ile Declaration).15 E 23.5(..................................................................................................... 52)
2.81 F 2.5(5.10. The)87 124.8 R(User Database)2.5 E 23.5(.............................................................................................................. 55)
4.92 F 2.5(5.10.1. Structure)102 139.2 R(of the user database)2.5 E 23.5
(..................................................................................... 56)
2.7 F 2.5(5.10.2. User)102 153.6 R(database semantics)2.5 E 23.5(............................................................................................. 56)
3.25 F 2.5(5.10.3. Creating)102 170 R(the database)2.5 E/F2 7
/Times-Roman@0 SF(23)-4 I F1 23.5(............................................................................................... 57)
2.91 4 N 2.5(6. O)72 184.4 R(THER CONFIGURA)-.4 E 1.97(TION .........................................................................................................)
-1.11 F(57)26 E 2.5(6.1. P)87 198.8 R(arameters in src/Mak)-.15 E 1.55(e\214le ....................................................................................................)
-.1 F(57)26 E 2.5(6.2. P)87 213.2 R(arameters in src/conf.h)-.15 E 23.5
(........................................................................................................ 58)
4.23 F 2.5(6.3. Con\214guration)87 227.6 R(in src/conf.c)2.5 E 23.5(.................................................................................................... 60)
3.51 F 2.5(6.3.1. Built-in)102 242 R(Header Semantics)2.5 E 23.5(........................................................................................... 60)
4.9 F 2.5(6.3.2. Restricting)102 256.4 R(Use of Email)2.5 E 23.5(.............................................................................................. 62)
4.34 F 2.5(6.3.3. Load)102 270.8 R -1.17 -.74(Av e)2.5 H
(rage Computation).74 E 23.5(.......................................................................................... 62)
2.74 F 2.5(6.3.4. Ne)102 285.2 R 2.5(wD)-.25 G(atabase Map Classes)-2.5
E 23.5(......................................................................................... 62)
4.89 F 2.5(6.3.5. Queueing)102 299.6 R 1.56(Function .......................................................................................................)
2.5 F(63)26 E 2.5(6.3.6. Refusing)102 314 R(Incoming SMTP Connections)
2.5 E 23.5(....................................................................... 63)
2.94 F 2.5(6.3.7. Load)102 328.4 R -1.17 -.74(Av e)2.5 H
(rage Computation).74 E 23.5(.......................................................................................... 63)
2.74 F 2.5(6.4. Con\214guration)87 342.8 R(in src/daemon.c)2.5 E 23.5(.............................................................................................. 64)
4.62 F 2.5(7. CHANGES)72 357.2 R(IN VERSION 8)2.5 E 23.5(.......................................................................................................... 64)
4.9 F 2.5(7.1. Connection)87 371.6 R 1.56(Caching ..............................................................................................................)
2.5 F(64)26 E 2.5(7.2. MX)87 386 R 2.39(Piggybacking .................................................................................................................)
2.5 F(64)26 E 2.5(7.3. RFC)87 400.4 R(1123 Compliance)2.5 E 23.5(.......................................................................................................... 64)
3.77 F 2.5(7.4. Extended)87 414.8 R(SMTP Support)2.5 E 23.5(....................................................................................................... 65)
2.94 F 2.5(7.5. Eight-Bit)87 429.2 R .44(Clean ......................................................................................................................)
2.5 F(65)26 E 2.5(7.6. User)87 443.6 R .47(Database ........................................................................................................................)
2.5 F(65)26 E 2.5(7.7. Impro)87 458 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(dB).15 G
(IND Support)-2.5 E 23.5(....................................................................................................... 65)
3.81 F 2.5(7.8. K)87 472.4 R -.15(ey)-.25 G(ed Files).15 E 23.5(............................................................................................................................ 65)
3.35 F 2.5(7.9. Multi-W)87 486.8 R(ord Classes)-.8 E 23.5(............................................................................................................... 65)
3.47 F 2.5(7.10. Deferred)87 501.2 R(Macro Expansion)2.5 E 23.5(................................................................................................. 65)
4.65 F 2.5(7.11. IDENT)87 515.6 R(Protocol Support)2.5 E 23.5(..................................................................................................... 65)
2.95 F 2.5(7.12. P)87 530 R(arsing Bug Fix)-.15 E .46(es ................................................................................................................)
-.15 F(65)26 E 2.5(7.13. Separate)87 544.4 R(En)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.4 G
(lope/Header Processing).15 E 23.5(................................................................................ 65)
4.37 F 2.5(7.14. Owner)87 558.8 R(-List Propag)-.2 E(ates to En)-.05 E
-.15(ve)-.4 G 1.27(lope ....................................................................................)
.15 F(66)26 E 2.5(7.15. Dynamic)87 573.2 R(Header Allocation)2.5 E 23.5
(................................................................................................ 66)
3.25 F 2.5(7.16. Ne)87 587.6 R 2.5(wC)-.25 G(ommand Line Flags)-2.5 E
23.5(.................................................................................................. 66)
3.2 F 2.5(7.17. Enhanced)87 602 R(Command Line Flags)2.5 E 23.5(......................................................................................... 66)
4.9 F 2.5(7.18. Ne)87 616.4 R 2.5(wa)-.25 G
(nd Old Con\214guration Line T)-2.5 E .4(ypes ..............................................................................)
-.8 F(66)26 E 2.5(7.19. Ne)87 630.8 R 2.5(wO)-.25 G .7(ptions ........................................................................................................................)
-2.5 F(66)26 E 2.5(7.20. Extended)87 645.2 R 1.56(Options ................................................................................................................)
2.5 F(67)26 E 2.5(7.21. Ne)87 659.6 R 2.5(wM)-.25 G(ailer Flags)-2.5 E
23.5(................................................................................................................ 67)
4.04 F 2.5(7.22. Long)87 674 R(Option Names)2.5 E 23.5(............................................................................................................ 67)
4.34 F 2.5(7.23. Ne)87 688.4 R 2.5(wP)-.25 G(re-De\214ned Macros)-2.5 E
23.5(.................................................................................................... 67)
4.06 F 2.5(7.24. Ne)87 702.8 R 2.5(wL)-.25 G(HS T)-2.5 E(ok)-.8 E 1.33(en ..................................................................................................................)
-.1 F(68)26 E 2.5(7.25. Bigger)87 717.2 R(Def)2.5 E(aults ....................................................................................................................)
-.1 E(68)26 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 198.36(SMM:08-6 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 2.5
(7.26. Dif)87 96 R(ferent Def)-.25 E(ault T)-.1 E(uning P)-.45 E 1.99(arameters ..................................................................................)
-.15 F(68)26 E 2.5(7.27. Auto-Quoting)87 110.4 R(in Addresses)2.5 E 23.5
(................................................................................................. 68)
3.51 F 2.5(7.28. Symbolic)87 124.8 R(Names On Error Mailer)2.5 E 23.5(...................................................................................... 68)
4.91 F 2.5(7.29. SMTP)87 139.2 R(VRFY Doesn')2.5 E 2.5(tE)-.18 G 1.18(xpand ............................................................................................)
-2.5 F(68)26 E 2.5(7.30. [IPC])87 153.6 R(Mailers Allo)2.5 E 2.5(wM)-.25
G(ultiple Hosts)-2.5 E 23.5(................................................................................... 68)
3.75 F 2.5(7.31. Aliases)87 168 R 1.29(Extended .................................................................................................................)
2.5 F(68)26 E 2.5(7.32. Portability)87 182.4 R
(and Security Enhancements)2.5 E 23.5(............................................................................... 68)
2.68 F 2.5(7.33. Miscellaneous)87 196.8 R 1.29(Changes .......................................................................................................)
2.5 F(68)26 E 2.5(8. A)72 211.2 R(CKNO)-.4 E .1(WLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................................)
-.35 F(69)26 E(Appendix A.)72 225.6 Q(COMMAND LINE FLA)5 E 1.97(GS .........................................................................................)
-.4 F(70)26 E(Appendix B.)72 240 Q -.1(QU)5 G(EUE FILE FORMA).1 E 1.38(TS ............................................................................................)
-1.11 F(72)26 E(Appendix C.)72 254.4 Q(SUMMAR)5 E 2.5(YO)-.65 G 2.5(FS)
-2.5 G(UPPOR)-2.5 E 2.5(TF)-.6 G 1.12(ILES ..............................................................................)
-2.5 F(74)26 E EP
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