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/F0 16/Times-Bold@0 SF(SENDMAIL)236.833 143.4 Q/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF
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(Eric Allman)263.42 196.2 Q(Sendmail, Inc.)258.975 208.2 Q
(eric@Sendmail.COM)244.37 220.2 Q -1.11(Ve)260.225 244.2 S(rsion 8.135)
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E .017(ating system.)72 324.6 R .017(It is not tied to an)5.017 F 2.517
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(relaying messages from one domain into another)72 336.6 R 6.036(.I)-.55
G 3.536(nt)-6.036 G 1.036
(he process, it can do a limited amount of message)-3.536 F .604(header editing to put the message into a format that is appropriate for the recei)
72 348.6 R .604(ving domain.)-.25 F .604(All of this is)5.604 F
(done under the control of a con\214guration \214le.)72 360.6 Q .711
(Due to the requirements of \215e)97 376.8 R .711(xibility for)-.15 F F4
(sendmail)3.211 E F3 3.211(,t)C .71
(he con\214guration \214le can seem some)-3.211 F .71(what unap-)-.25 F
2.893(proachable. Ho)72 388.8 R(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.193 -.4(r, t)
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(asic con\214gurations for most sites, for which standard con\214gu-)
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(tion \214le incrementally)72 412.8 Q(.)-.65 E F4(Sendmail)97 429 Q F3
1.471(is based on RFC821 \(Simple Mail T)3.97 F 1.471
(ransport Protocol\), RFC822 \(Internet Mail Headers)-.35 F -.15(Fo)72
441 S 1.855(rmat\), RFC1123 \(Internet Host Requirements\), RFC2045 \(MIME\), RFC1869 \(SMTP Service Exten-)
.15 F 1.446(sions\), RFC1652 \(SMTP 8BITMIME Extension\), RFC1870 \(SMTP SIZE Extension\), RFC1891 \(SMTP)
72 453 R(Deli)72 465 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.474(ry Status Noti\214cations\), RFC1892 \(Multipart/Report\), RFC1893 \(Mail System Status Codes\),)
.15 F .32(RFC1894 \(Deli)72 477 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .321(ry Status Noti\214cations\), RFC1985 \(SMTP Service Extension for Remote Message Queue)
.15 F .796(Starting\), and RFC2033 \(Local Message T)72 489 R .796
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1.596 -.4(r, s).15 H(ince).4 E F4(sendmail)3.296 E F3 .795
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(ection three).65 F .925
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(ber of features not described in the rest of the paper)72 653.4 Q(.)
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(This documentation is under modi\214cation.)2.5 E .32 LW 76 680.4 72
680.4 DL 80 680.4 76 680.4 DL 84 680.4 80 680.4 DL 88 680.4 84 680.4 DL
92 680.4 88 680.4 DL 96 680.4 92 680.4 DL 100 680.4 96 680.4 DL 104
680.4 100 680.4 DL 108 680.4 104 680.4 DL 112 680.4 108 680.4 DL 116
680.4 112 680.4 DL 120 680.4 116 680.4 DL 124 680.4 120 680.4 DL 128
680.4 124 680.4 DL 132 680.4 128 680.4 DL 136 680.4 132 680.4 DL 140
680.4 136 680.4 DL 144 680.4 140 680.4 DL 148 680.4 144 680.4 DL 152
680.4 148 680.4 DL 156 680.4 152 680.4 DL 160 680.4 156 680.4 DL 164
680.4 160 680.4 DL 168 680.4 164 680.4 DL 172 680.4 168 680.4 DL 176
680.4 172 680.4 DL 180 680.4 176 680.4 DL 184 680.4 180 680.4 DL 188
680.4 184 680.4 DL 192 680.4 188 680.4 DL 196 680.4 192 680.4 DL 200
680.4 196 680.4 DL 204 680.4 200 680.4 DL 208 680.4 204 680.4 DL 212
680.4 208 680.4 DL 216 680.4 212 680.4 DL F5
(Sendmail is a trademark of Sendmail, Inc.)93.6 692.4 Q F1
(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 756 Q(SMM:08-1)200.86 E EP
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(multiple open databases, real in-memory caching, and so forth.)189
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(As a nasty)5.608 F 1.803(hack, if you ha)189 228.6 R 2.104 -.15(ve N)
-.2 H 1.804(EWDB, NDBM, and NIS de\214ned, and if the alias \214le).15 F
.124(name includes the substring \231/yp/\232,)189 240.6 R F1(sendmail)
2.623 E F2 .123(will create both ne)2.623 F 2.623(wa)-.25 G .123
(nd old v)-2.623 F(er)-.15 E(-)-.2 E 1.08
(sions of the alias \214le during a)189 252.6 R F1(ne)3.58 E(walias)-.15
E F2 3.58(command. This)3.58 F 1.08(is required because)3.58 F .845
(the Sun NIS/YP system reads the DBM v)189 264.6 R .845
(ersion of the alias \214le.)-.15 F(It')5.845 E 3.345(su)-.55 G .845
(gly as)-3.345 F(sin, b)189 276.6 Q(ut it w)-.2 E(orks.)-.1 E 1.112
(If neither of these are de\214ned,)117 292.8 R F1(sendmail)3.612 E F2
1.112(reads the alias \214le into memory on e)3.612 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
1.112(ry in).15 F -.2(vo)-.4 G(cation.).2 E 1.043(This can be slo)117
304.8 R 3.543(wa)-.25 G 1.043(nd should be a)-3.543 F -.2(vo)-.2 G 3.543
(ided. There).2 F 1.043(are also se)3.543 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.042
(ral methods for remote database).15 F(access:)117 316.8 Q 53.39
(NIS Sun')117 333 R 2.5(sN)-.55 G(etw)-2.5 E
(ork Information Services \(formerly YP\).)-.1 E 28.94(NISPLUS Sun')117
349.2 R 2.5(sN)-.55 G(IS+ services.)-2.5 E 26.73(NETINFO NeXT')117 365.4
R 2.5(sN)-.55 G(etInfo service.)-2.5 E 32.84(HESIOD Hesiod)117 381.6 R
(service \(from Athena\).)2.5 E .042(Other compilation \215ags are set in conf.h and should be prede\214ned for you unless you are porting)
117 397.8 R(to a ne)117 409.8 Q 2.5(we)-.25 G -.4(nv)-2.5 G(ironment.).4
E F0 2.5(1.1.4. Compilation)102 433.8 R(and installation)2.5 E F2 .309
(After making the local system con\214guration described abo)142 450 R
-.15(ve)-.15 G 2.808(,Y).15 G .308(ou should be able to com-)-3.908 F
(pile and install the system.)117 462 Q
(The script \231Build\232 is the best approach on most systems:)5 E
(./Build)157 478.2 Q(This will use)117 494.4 Q F1(uname)2.5 E F2
(\(1\) to create a custom Mak)A(e\214le for your en)-.1 E(vironment.)-.4
E(If you are installing in the standard places, you should be able to install using)
142 510.6 Q(./Build install)157 526.8 Q 3.346(This should install the binary in /usr/sbin and create links from /usr/bin/ne)
117 543 R -.1(wa)-.25 G 3.346(liases and).1 F 1.577
(/usr/bin/mailq to /usr/sbin/sendmail.)117 555 R 1.577
(On 4.4BSD systems it will also format and install man)6.577 F(pages.)
117 567 Q F0 2.5(1.2. Con\214guration)87 591 R(Files)2.5 E F1(Sendmail)
127 607.2 Q F2 2.079(cannot operate without a con\214guration \214le.)
4.579 F 2.079(The con\214guration de\214nes the mail)7.079 F(deli)102
619.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .889(ry mechanisms understood at this site, ho)
.15 F 3.389(wt)-.25 G 3.389(oa)-3.389 G .889(ccess them, ho)-3.389 F
3.388(wt)-.25 G 3.388(of)-3.388 G(orw)-3.388 E .888(ard email to remote)
-.1 F .088(mail systems, and a number of tuning parameters.)102 631.2 R
.088(This con\214guration \214le is detailed in the later por)5.088 F(-)
-.2 E(tion of this document.)102 643.2 Q(The)127 659.4 Q F1(sendmail)
2.764 E F2 .264(con\214guration can be daunting at \214rst.)2.764 F .264
(The w)5.264 F .264(orld is comple)-.1 F .264(x, and the mail con-)-.15
F .108(\214guration re\215ects that.)102 671.4 R .108(The distrib)5.108
F .109
(ution includes an m4-based con\214guration package that hides a lot)-.2
F(of the comple)102 683.4 Q(xity)-.15 E(.)-.65 E .47
(These con\214guration \214les are simpler than old v)127 699.6 R .47
(ersions lar)-.15 F .47(gely because the w)-.18 F .47(orld has become)
-.1 F 1.448(simpler; in particular)102 711.6 R 3.948(,t)-.4 G -.15(ex)
-3.948 G 1.448(t-based host \214les are of).15 F 1.449
(\214cially eliminated, ob)-.25 F 1.449
(viating the need to \231hide\232)-.15 F(hosts behind a re)102 723.6 Q
(gistered internet g)-.15 E(ate)-.05 E -.1(wa)-.25 G -.65(y.).1 G EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-9)200.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .092(These \214les also assume that most of your neighbors use domain-based UUCP addressing; that)
127 96 R .361(is, instead of naming hosts as \231host!user\232 the)102
108 R 2.861(yw)-.15 G .361(ill use \231host.domain!user\232.)-2.861 F
.361(The con\214guration \214les)5.361 F(can be customized to w)102 120
Q(ork around this, b)-.1 E(ut it is more comple)-.2 E(x.)-.15 E .658
(Our con\214guration \214les are processed by)127 136.2 R/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(m4)3.158 E F1 .658(to f)3.158 F .657
(acilitate local customization; the directory)-.1 F F2(cf)3.157 E F1
.396(of the)102 148.2 R F2(sendmail)2.896 E F1(distrib)2.896 E .396
(ution directory contains the source \214les.)-.2 F .396
(This directory contains se)5.396 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .397(ral sub-).15 F
(directories:)102 160.2 Q 61.73(cf Both)102 176.4 R .56
(site-dependent and site-independent descriptions of hosts.)3.06 F .56
(These can be lit-)5.56 F .445(eral host names \(e.g., \231ucb)174 188.4
R -.25(va)-.15 G .445(x.mc\232\) when the hosts are g).25 F(ate)-.05 E
-.1(wa)-.25 G .445(ys or more general).1 F .535(descriptions \(such as \231generic-solaris2.mc\232 as a general description of an SMTP-)
174 200.4 R 1.125(connected host running Solaris 2.x.)174 212.4 R 1.126
(Files ending)6.126 F F0(.mc)3.626 E F1(\(`)3.626 E 1.126
(`Master Con\214guration')-.74 F('\))-.74 E .516
(are the input descriptions; the output is in the corresponding)174
224.4 R F0(.cf)3.016 E F1 3.016(\214le. The)3.016 F(general)3.016 E
(structure of these \214les is described belo)174 236.4 Q -.65(w.)-.25 G
39.5(domain Site-dependent)102 252.6 R .428(subdomain descriptions.)
2.928 F .428(These are tied to the w)5.428 F .428(ay your or)-.1 F -.05
(ga)-.18 G(niza-).05 E .777(tion w)174 264.6 R .777
(ants to do addressing.)-.1 F -.15(Fo)5.777 G 3.277(re).15 G(xample,)
-3.427 E F0(domain/CS.Berk)3.276 E(eley)-.1 E(.EDU)-.7 E(.m4)-.5 E F1
.776(is our)3.276 F 1.188(description for hosts in the CS.Berk)174 276.6
R(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G 1.188(EDU subdomain.).65 F 1.188
(These are referenced)6.188 F(using the)174 288.6 Q/F3 9/Times-Roman@0
SF(DOMAIN)2.5 E F0(m4)2.5 E F1(macro in the)2.5 E F0(.mc)2.5 E F1
(\214le.)2.5 E 41.74(feature De\214nitions)102 304.8 R .728
(of speci\214c features that some particular host in your site might w)
3.229 F(ant.)-.1 E 2.466(These are referenced using the)174 316.8 R F3
(FEA)4.966 E(TURE)-.999 E F0(m4)4.966 E F1 4.966(macro. An)4.966 F -.15
(ex)4.967 G 2.467(ample feature is).15 F 1.317
(use_cw_\214le \(which tells)174 328.8 R F2(sendmail)3.817 E F1 1.316
(to read an /etc/sendmail.cw \214le on startup to)3.817 F
(\214nd the set of local names\).)174 340.8 Q 50.62(hack Local)102 357 R
1.886(hacks, referenced using the)4.386 F F3(HA)4.386 E(CK)-.36 E F0(m4)
4.386 E F1 4.386(macro. T)4.386 F 1.886(ry to a)-.35 F -.2(vo)-.2 G
1.886(id these.).2 F(The)6.887 E(point of ha)174 369 Q
(ving them here is to mak)-.2 E 2.5(ei)-.1 G 2.5(tc)-2.5 G
(lear that the)-2.5 E 2.5(ys)-.15 G(mell.)-2.5 E 56.72
(m4 Site-independent)102 385.2 R F2(m4)2.538 E F1 .038
(\(1\) include \214les that ha)B .338 -.15(ve i)-.2 H .038
(nformation common to all con\214gu-).15 F(ration \214les.)174 397.2 Q
(This can be thought of as a \231#include\232 directory)5 E(.)-.65 E
43.95(mailer De\214nitions)102 413.4 R .152
(of mailers, referenced using the)2.652 F F3(MAILER)2.652 E F0(m4)2.652
E F1 2.652(macro. The)2.652 F .153(mailer types)2.652 F 1.787
(that are kno)174 425.4 R 1.787(wn in this distrib)-.25 F 1.787
(ution are f)-.2 F 1.787(ax, local, smtp, uucp, and usenet.)-.1 F -.15
(Fo)6.786 G(r).15 E -.15(ex)174 437.4 S(ample, to include support for the UUCP-based mailers, use \231MAILER\(uucp\)\232.)
.15 E 43.39(ostype De\214nitions)102 453.6 R 1.156(describing v)3.656 F
1.157(arious operating system en)-.25 F 1.157
(vironments \(such as the loca-)-.4 F(tion of support \214les\).)174
465.6 Q(These are referenced using the)5 E F3(OSTYPE)2.5 E F0(m4)2.5 E
F1(macro.)2.5 E 60.61(sh Shell)102 481.8 R(\214les used by the)2.5 E F0
(m4)2.5 E F1 -.2(bu)2.5 G(ild process.).2 E -1.1(Yo)5 G 2.5(us)1.1 G
(houldn')-2.5 E 2.5(th)-.18 G -2.25 -.2(av e)-2.5 H(to mess with these.)
2.7 E 30.61(sitecon\214g Local)102 498 R .251(UUCP connecti)2.751 F .251
(vity information.)-.25 F .251
(This directory has been supplanted by the)5.251 F 1.076
(mailertable feature; an)174 510 R 3.576(yn)-.15 G 1.576 -.25(ew c)
-3.576 H 1.077(on\214gurations should use that feature to do UUCP).25 F
(\(and other\) routing.)174 522 Q .757(If you are in a ne)127 538.2 R
3.257(wd)-.25 G .757(omain \(e.g., a compan)-3.257 F .756
(y\), you will probably w)-.15 F .756(ant to create a cf/domain)-.1 F
.05(\214le for your domain.)102 550.2 R .051
(This consists primarily of relay de\214nitions and features you w)5.05
F .051(ant enabled site-)-.1 F .916(wide: for e)102 562.2 R .916
(xample, Berk)-.15 F(ele)-.1 E(y')-.15 E 3.416(sd)-.55 G .915
(omain de\214nition de\214nes relays for BitNET and UUCP)-3.416 F 5.915
(.T)-1.11 G .915(hese are)-5.915 F 1.519(speci\214c to Berk)102 574.2 R
(ele)-.1 E 2.819 -.65(y, a)-.15 H 1.519
(nd should be fully-quali\214ed internet-style domain names.).65 F 1.52
(Please check to)6.519 F(mak)102 586.2 Q 2.5(ec)-.1 G(ertain the)-2.5 E
2.5(ya)-.15 G(re reasonable for your domain.)-2.5 E 1.407
(Subdomains at Berk)127 602.4 R(ele)-.1 E 3.907(ya)-.15 G 1.407
(re also represented in the cf/domain directory)-3.907 F 6.406(.F)-.65 G
1.406(or e)-6.556 F 1.406(xample, the)-.15 F .356(domain CS.Berk)102
614.4 R(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G .356
(EDU is the Computer Science subdomain, EECS.Berk).65 F(ele)-.1 E -.65
(y.)-.15 G .356(EDU is the Electri-).65 F 1.278
(cal Engineering and Computer Sciences subdomain, and S2K.Berk)102 626.4
R(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G 1.278(EDU is the Sequoia 2000).65 F 4.003
(subdomain. Y)102 638.4 R 1.503(ou will probably ha)-1.1 F 1.804 -.15
(ve t)-.2 H 4.004(oa).15 G 1.504
(dd an entry to this directory to be appropriate for your)-4.004 F
(domain.)102 650.4 Q -1.1(Yo)127 666.6 S 4.373(uw)1.1 G 1.873(ill ha)
-4.373 F 2.173 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 4.373(ou).15 G 1.873(se or create)-4.373
F F0(.mc)4.372 E F1 1.872(\214les in the)4.372 F F2(cf/cf)4.372 E F1
1.872(subdirectory for your hosts.)4.372 F 1.872(This is)6.872 F
(detailed in the cf/README \214le.)102 678.6 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-10 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(1.3. Details)87 96 R
(of Installation Files)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(This subsection describes the \214les that comprise the)127 112.2 Q/F2
10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.5 E F1(installation.)2.5 E F0 2.5
(1.3.1. /usr/sbin/sendmail)102 136.2 R F1 .08(The binary for)142 154.4 R
F2(sendmail)2.58 E F1 .079(is located in /usr/sbin)2.58 F/F3 7
/Times-Roman@0 SF(1)-4 I F1 5.079(.I)4 K 2.579(ts)-5.079 G .079
(hould be setuid root.)-2.579 F -.15(Fo)5.079 G 2.579(rs).15 G .079
(ecurity rea-)-2.579 F(sons, /, /usr)117 168.4 Q 2.5(,a)-.4 G
(nd /usr/sbin should be o)-2.5 E(wned by root, mode 755)-.25 E F3(2)-4 I
F1(.)4 I F0 2.5(1.3.2. /etc/sendmail.cf)102 192.4 R F1 .965
(This is the con\214guration \214le for)142 210.6 R F2(sendmail)3.466 E
F3(3)-4 I F1 5.966(.T)4 K .966
(his is the only non-library \214le name com-)-5.966 F(piled into)117
224.6 Q F2(sendmail)2.5 E F3(4)-4 I F1(.)4 I .721
(The con\214guration \214le is normally created using the distrib)142
240.8 R .721(ution \214les described abo)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.721(.I)
.15 G(f)-5.721 E .64(you ha)117 252.8 R .94 -.15(ve a p)-.2 H .64(articularly unusual system con\214guration you may need to create a special v)
.15 F(ersion.)-.15 E(The format of this \214le is detailed in later sections of this document.)
117 264.8 Q F0 2.5(1.3.3. /usr/bin/newaliases)102 288.8 R F1(The)142 305
Q F2(ne)2.5 E(waliases)-.15 E F1(command should just be a link to)2.5 E
F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(:)A(rm \255f /usr/bin/ne)157 321.2 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G
(liases).1 E(ln \255s /usr/sbin/sendmail /usr/bin/ne)157 333.2 Q -.1(wa)
-.25 G(liases).1 E(This can be installed in whate)117 349.4 Q -.15(ve)
-.25 G 2.5(rs).15 G(earch path you prefer for your system.)-2.5 E F0 2.5
(1.3.4. /usr/bin/hoststat)102 373.4 R F1(The)142 389.6 Q F2(hoststat)
5.844 E F1 3.344(command should just be a link to)5.844 F F2(sendmail)
5.844 E F1 5.844(,i)C 5.845(naf)-5.844 G 3.345(ashion similar to)-5.945
F F2(ne)117 401.6 Q(waliases)-.15 E F1 6.444(.T)C 1.444(his command lists the status of the last mail transaction with all remote hosts.)
-6.444 F(The)117 413.6 Q F0<ad76>3.856 E F1 1.356(\215ag will pre)3.856
F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.357(nt the status display from being truncated.).15 F
1.357(It functions only when the)6.357 F F0(HostStatusDir)117 425.6 Q
(ectory)-.18 E F1(option is set.)2.5 E F0 2.5(1.3.5. /usr/bin/pur)102
449.6 R(gestat)-.1 E F1 .993(This command is also a link to)142 465.8 R
F2(sendmail)3.493 E F1 5.993(.I)C 3.493<748d>-5.993 G .993
(ushes all information that is stored in the)-3.493 F F0(HostStatusDir)
117 477.8 Q(ectory)-.18 E F1(tree.)2.5 E F0 2.5(1.3.6. /v)102 501.8 R
(ar/spool/mqueue)-.1 E F1 .217(The directory)142 518 R F2
(/var/spool/mqueue)2.717 E F1 .218
(should be created to hold the mail queue.)2.717 F .218(This directory)
5.218 F(should be mode 700 and o)117 530 Q(wned by root.)-.25 E
(The actual path of this directory is de\214ned in the)142 546.2 Q F0(Q)
2.5 E F1(option of the)2.5 E F2(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1(\214le.)2.5 E .32
LW 76 580.4 72 580.4 DL 80 580.4 76 580.4 DL 84 580.4 80 580.4 DL 88
580.4 84 580.4 DL 92 580.4 88 580.4 DL 96 580.4 92 580.4 DL 100 580.4 96
580.4 DL 104 580.4 100 580.4 DL 108 580.4 104 580.4 DL 112 580.4 108
580.4 DL 116 580.4 112 580.4 DL 120 580.4 116 580.4 DL 124 580.4 120
580.4 DL 128 580.4 124 580.4 DL 132 580.4 128 580.4 DL 136 580.4 132
580.4 DL 140 580.4 136 580.4 DL 144 580.4 140 580.4 DL 148 580.4 144
580.4 DL 152 580.4 148 580.4 DL 156 580.4 152 580.4 DL 160 580.4 156
580.4 DL 164 580.4 160 580.4 DL 168 580.4 164 580.4 DL 172 580.4 168
580.4 DL 176 580.4 172 580.4 DL 180 580.4 176 580.4 DL 184 580.4 180
580.4 DL 188 580.4 184 580.4 DL 192 580.4 188 580.4 DL 196 580.4 192
580.4 DL 200 580.4 196 580.4 DL 204 580.4 200 580.4 DL 208 580.4 204
580.4 DL 212 580.4 208 580.4 DL 216 580.4 212 580.4 DL/F4 5
/Times-Roman@0 SF(1)93.6 590.8 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .384
(This is usually /usr/sbin on 4.4BSD and ne)3.2 J .384(wer systems; man)
-.2 F 2.385(ys)-.12 G .385(ystems install it in /usr/lib)-2.385 F 4.385
(.I)-.32 G .385(understand it is in /usr/ucblib on)-2 F
(System V Release 4.)72 603.6 Q F4(2)93.6 614 Q F5 .149(Some v)3.2 J .15
(endors ship them o)-.12 F .15(wned by bin; this creates a security hole that is not actually related to)
-.2 F/F6 8/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.15 E F5 4.15(.O)C .15
(ther important di-)-4.15 F(rectories that should ha)72 626.8 Q .24 -.12
(ve r)-.16 H(estricti).12 E .24 -.12(ve o)-.2 H(wnerships and permissions are /bin, /usr/bin, /etc, /usr/etc, /lib, and /usr/lib)
-.08 E(.)-.32 E F4(3)93.6 637.2 Q F5(Actually)3.2 I 2.277(,t)-.52 G .277
(he pathname v)-2.277 F .276(aries depending on the operating system; /etc is the preferred directory)
-.2 F 4.276(.S)-.52 G .276(ome older systems install it)-4.276 F(in)72
650 Q/F7 8/Times-Bold@0 SF(/usr/lib/sendmail.cf)2.27 E F5 2.27(,a)C .27
(nd I')-2.27 F .51 -.12(ve a)-.4 H .271(lso seen it in).12 F F7
(/usr/ucblib)2.271 E F5(and)2.271 E F7(/etc/mail)2.271 E F5 4.271(.I)C
2.271(fy)-4.271 G .271(ou w)-2.271 F .271(ant to mo)-.08 F .511 -.12
(ve t)-.12 H .271(his \214le, add -D_P).12 F -.888(AT)-.736 G
(H_SENDMAIL-).888 E .093
(CF=\\"/\214le/name\\" to the \215ags passed to the C compiler)72 659.6
R 4.093(.M)-.44 G -.12(ov)-4.093 G .093
(ing this \214le is not recommended: other programs and scripts kno).12
F 2.093(wo)-.2 G 2.092(ft)-2.093 G(his)-2.092 E(location.)72 669.2 Q F4
(4)93.6 679.6 Q F5 .589
(The system libraries can reference other \214les; in particular)3.2 J
2.589(,s)-.32 G .589(ystem library subroutines that)-2.589 F F6
(sendmail)2.588 E F5 .588(calls probably reference)2.588 F F6
(/etc/passwd)72 692.4 Q F5(and)2 E F6(/etc/r)2 E(esolv)-.296 E(.conf)
-.592 E F5(.)A EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-11)195.86 E 2.5(1.3.7. /v)102 96 R(ar/spool/mqueue/.hoststat)-.1
E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.045(This is a typical v)142 112.2 R 1.045
(alue for the)-.25 F F0(HostStatusDir)3.545 E(ectory)-.18 E F1 1.044
(option, containing one \214le per host)3.545 F
(that this sendmail has chatted with recently)117 124.2 Q 5(.I)-.65 G
2.5(ti)-5 G 2.5(sn)-2.5 G(ormally a subdirectory of)-2.5 E/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(mqueue)2.5 E F1(.)A F0 2.5(1.3.8. /etc/aliases*)102
148.2 R F1 1.492(The system aliases are held in \231/etc/aliases\232.)
142 164.4 R 3.992(As)6.492 G 1.492(ample is gi)-3.992 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
3.993(ni).15 G 3.993<6e99>-3.993 G 1.493(lib/aliases\232 which)-3.993 F
(includes some aliases which)117 176.4 Q F2(must)2.5 E F1(be de\214ned:)
2.5 E(cp lib/aliases /etc/aliases)157 192.6 Q F2(edit /etc/aliases)157
204.6 Q F1 -1.1(Yo)117 220.8 S 2.5(us)1.1 G(hould e)-2.5 E
(xtend this \214le with an)-.15 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G
(liases that are apropos to your system.)-2.5 E(Normally)142 237 Q F2
(sendmail)7.984 E F1 5.484(looks at a database v)7.984 F 5.483
(ersion of the \214les, stored either in)-.15 F .851(\231/etc/aliases.dir\232 and \231/etc/aliases.pag\232 or \231/etc/aliases.db\232 depending on which database pack-)
117 249 R 1.132(age you are using.)117 261 R 1.132
(The actual path of this \214le is de\214ned in the)6.132 F F0
(AliasFile)3.631 E F1 1.131(option of the)3.631 F F2(send-)3.631 E
(mail.cf)117 273 Q F1(\214le.)2.5 E F0 2.5(1.3.9. /etc/r)102 297 R 2.5
(co)-.18 G 2.5(r/)-2.5 G(etc/init.d/sendmail)-2.5 E F1 .155
(It will be necessary to start up the)142 313.2 R F2(sendmail)2.655 E F1
.156(daemon when your system reboots.)2.655 F .156(This dae-)5.156 F
1.538(mon performs tw)117 325.2 R 4.037(of)-.1 G 1.537
(unctions: it listens on the SMTP sock)-4.037 F 1.537
(et for connections \(to recei)-.1 F 1.837 -.15(ve m)-.25 H(ail).15 E
.442(from a remote system\) and it processes the queue periodically to insure that mail gets deli)
117 337.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(red).15 E(when hosts come up.)117 349.2 Q
.505(Add the follo)142 365.4 R .505(wing lines to \231/etc/rc\232 \(or \231/etc/rc.local\232 as appropriate\) in the area where it)
-.25 F .375
(is starting up the daemons on a BSD-base system, or on a System-V)117
377.4 R .375(-based system in one of the)-1 F
(startup \214les, typically \231/etc/init.d/sendmail\232:)117 389.4 Q
(if [ \255f /usr/sbin/sendmail \255a \255f /etc/sendmail.cf ]; then)157
405.6 Q(\(cd /v)193 417.6 Q(ar/spool/mqueue; rm \255f [lnx]f*\))-.25 E
(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255bd \255q30m &)193 429.6 Q
(echo \255n ' sendmail' >/de)193 441.6 Q(v/console)-.25 E<8c>157 453.6 Q
.174
(The \231cd\232 and \231rm\232 commands insure that all lock \214les ha)
117 469.8 R .473 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .173(een remo).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .173
(d; e).15 F .173(xtraneous lock \214les)-.15 F .004
(may be left around if the system goes do)117 481.8 R .005
(wn in the middle of processing a message.)-.25 F .005(The line that)
5.005 F 2.294(actually in)117 493.8 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(s).1 E F2
(sendmail)4.794 E F1 2.294(has tw)4.794 F 4.794<6f8d>-.1 G 2.293
(ags: \231\255bd\232 causes it to listen on the SMTP port, and)-4.794 F
(\231\255q30m\232 causes it to run the queue e)117 505.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25
G(ry half hour).15 E(.)-.55 E .378(Some people use a more comple)142 522
R 2.879(xs)-.15 G .379(tartup script, remo)-2.879 F .379
(ving zero length qf \214les and df \214les)-.15 F 1.399
(for which there is no qf \214le.)117 534 R -.15(Fo)6.398 G 3.898(re).15
G 1.398(xample, see Figure 1 for an e)-4.048 F 1.398(xample of a comple)
-.15 F 3.898(xs)-.15 G(cript)-3.898 E(which does this clean up.)117 546
Q .755(If you are not running a v)142 562.2 R .755
(ersion of UNIX that supports Berk)-.15 F(ele)-.1 E 3.256(yT)-.15 G
(CP/IP)-3.256 E 3.256(,d)-1.11 G 3.256(on)-3.256 G .756(ot include)
-3.256 F(the)117 574.2 Q F0(\255bd)2.5 E F1(\215ag.)2.5 E F0 2.5
(1.3.10. /usr/lib/sendmail.hf)102 598.2 R F1 2.078
(This is the help \214le used by the SMTP)142 614.4 R F0(HELP)4.578 E F1
4.578(command. It)4.578 F 2.078(should be copied from)4.578 F
(\231lib/sendmail.hf\232:)117 626.4 Q(cp lib/sendmail.hf /usr/lib)157
642.6 Q(The actual path of this \214le is de\214ned in the)117 658.8 Q
F0(HelpFile)2.5 E F1(option of the)2.5 E F2(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1
(\214le.)2.5 E F0 2.5(1.3.11. /etc/sendmail.st)102 682.8 R F1 3.04
(If you wish to collect statistics about your mail traf)142 699 R 3.04
(\214c, you should create the \214le)-.25 F(\231/etc/sendmail.st\232:)
117 711 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-12 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E .4 LW 77 108 72 108 DL 79 108 74
108 DL 84 108 79 108 DL 89 108 84 108 DL 94 108 89 108 DL 99 108 94 108
DL 104 108 99 108 DL 109 108 104 108 DL 114 108 109 108 DL 119 108 114
108 DL 124 108 119 108 DL 129 108 124 108 DL 134 108 129 108 DL 139 108
134 108 DL 144 108 139 108 DL 149 108 144 108 DL 154 108 149 108 DL 159
108 154 108 DL 164 108 159 108 DL 169 108 164 108 DL 174 108 169 108 DL
179 108 174 108 DL 184 108 179 108 DL 189 108 184 108 DL 194 108 189 108
DL 199 108 194 108 DL 204 108 199 108 DL 209 108 204 108 DL 214 108 209
108 DL 219 108 214 108 DL 224 108 219 108 DL 229 108 224 108 DL 234 108
229 108 DL 239 108 234 108 DL 244 108 239 108 DL 249 108 244 108 DL 254
108 249 108 DL 259 108 254 108 DL 264 108 259 108 DL 269 108 264 108 DL
274 108 269 108 DL 279 108 274 108 DL 284 108 279 108 DL 289 108 284 108
DL 294 108 289 108 DL 299 108 294 108 DL 304 108 299 108 DL 309 108 304
108 DL 314 108 309 108 DL 319 108 314 108 DL 324 108 319 108 DL 329 108
324 108 DL 334 108 329 108 DL 339 108 334 108 DL 344 108 339 108 DL 349
108 344 108 DL 354 108 349 108 DL 359 108 354 108 DL 364 108 359 108 DL
369 108 364 108 DL 374 108 369 108 DL 379 108 374 108 DL 384 108 379 108
DL 389 108 384 108 DL 394 108 389 108 DL 399 108 394 108 DL 404 108 399
108 DL 409 108 404 108 DL 414 108 409 108 DL 419 108 414 108 DL 424 108
419 108 DL 429 108 424 108 DL 434 108 429 108 DL 439 108 434 108 DL 444
108 439 108 DL 449 108 444 108 DL 454 108 449 108 DL 459 108 454 108 DL
464 108 459 108 DL 469 108 464 108 DL 474 108 469 108 DL 479 108 474 108
DL 484 108 479 108 DL 489 108 484 108 DL 494 108 489 108 DL 499 108 494
108 DL 504 108 499 108 DL/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(#!/bin/sh)72 132 Q 2.5
(#r)72 144 S(emo)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve z)-.15 H(ero length qf \214les).15 E
(for qf)72 156 Q(\214le in qf*)-.25 E(do)72 168 Q(if [ \255r $qf)108 180
Q(\214le ])-.25 E(then)108 192 Q(if [ ! \255s $qf)144 204 Q(\214le ])
-.25 E(then)144 216 Q(echo \255n " <zero: $qf)180 228 Q(\214le>" > /de)
-.25 E(v/console)-.25 E(rm \255f $qf)180 240 Q(\214le)-.25 E<8c>144 252
Q<8c>108 264 Q(done)72 276 Q 2.5(#r)72 288 S
(ename tf \214les to be qf if the qf does not e)-2.5 E(xist)-.15 E
(for tf)72 300 Q(\214le in tf*)-.25 E(do)72 312 Q(qf)108 324 Q
(\214le=`echo $tf)-.25 E(\214le | sed ')-.25 E(s/t/q/'`)-.55 E
(if [ \255r $tf)108 336 Q(\214le \255a ! \255f $qf)-.25 E(\214le ])-.25
E(then)108 348 Q(echo \255n " <reco)144 360 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(ring: $tf)
.15 E(\214le>" > /de)-.25 E(v/console)-.25 E(mv $tf)144 372 Q
(\214le $qf)-.25 E(\214le)-.25 E(else)108 384 Q(if [ \255f $tf)144 396 Q
(\214le ])-.25 E(then)144 408 Q(echo \255n " <e)180 420 Q(xtra: $tf)-.15
E(\214le>" > /de)-.25 E(v/console)-.25 E(rm \255f $tf)180 432 Q(\214le)
-.25 E<8c>144 444 Q<8c>108 456 Q(done)72 468 Q 2.5(#r)72 480 S(emo)-2.5
E .3 -.15(ve d)-.15 H 2.5<668c>.15 G
(les with no corresponding qf \214les)-2.5 E(for df)72 492 Q
(\214le in df*)-.25 E(do)72 504 Q(qf)108 516 Q(\214le=`echo $df)-.25 E
(\214le | sed ')-.25 E(s/d/q/'`)-.55 E(if [ \255r $df)108 528 Q
(\214le \255a ! \255f $qf)-.25 E(\214le ])-.25 E(then)108 540 Q
(echo \255n " <incomplete: $df)144 552 Q(\214le>" > /de)-.25 E
(v/console)-.25 E(mv $df)144 564 Q(\214le `echo $df)-.25 E
(\214le | sed ')-.25 E(s/d/D/'`)-.55 E<8c>108 576 Q(done)72 588 Q 2.5
(#a)72 600 S(nnounce \214les that ha)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een sa)
.15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(dd).15 G(uring disaster reco)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15
G(ry).15 E(for xf)72 612 Q(\214le in [A-Z]f*)-.25 E(do)72 624 Q
(if [ \255f $xf)108 636 Q(\214le ])-.25 E(then)108 648 Q
(echo \255n " <panic: $xf)144 660 Q(\214le>" > /de)-.25 E(v/console)-.25
E<8c>108 672 Q(done)72 684 Q(Figure 1 \212 A comple)214.47 708 Q 2.5(xs)
-.15 G(tartup script)-2.5 E 77 720 72 720 DL 79 720 74 720 DL 84 720 79
720 DL 89 720 84 720 DL 94 720 89 720 DL 99 720 94 720 DL 104 720 99 720
DL 109 720 104 720 DL 114 720 109 720 DL 119 720 114 720 DL 124 720 119
720 DL 129 720 124 720 DL 134 720 129 720 DL 139 720 134 720 DL 144 720
139 720 DL 149 720 144 720 DL 154 720 149 720 DL 159 720 154 720 DL 164
720 159 720 DL 169 720 164 720 DL 174 720 169 720 DL 179 720 174 720 DL
184 720 179 720 DL 189 720 184 720 DL 194 720 189 720 DL 199 720 194 720
DL 204 720 199 720 DL 209 720 204 720 DL 214 720 209 720 DL 219 720 214
720 DL 224 720 219 720 DL 229 720 224 720 DL 234 720 229 720 DL 239 720
234 720 DL 244 720 239 720 DL 249 720 244 720 DL 254 720 249 720 DL 259
720 254 720 DL 264 720 259 720 DL 269 720 264 720 DL 274 720 269 720 DL
279 720 274 720 DL 284 720 279 720 DL 289 720 284 720 DL 294 720 289 720
DL 299 720 294 720 DL 304 720 299 720 DL 309 720 304 720 DL 314 720 309
720 DL 319 720 314 720 DL 324 720 319 720 DL 329 720 324 720 DL 334 720
329 720 DL 339 720 334 720 DL 344 720 339 720 DL 349 720 344 720 DL 354
720 349 720 DL 359 720 354 720 DL 364 720 359 720 DL 369 720 364 720 DL
374 720 369 720 DL 379 720 374 720 DL 384 720 379 720 DL 389 720 384 720
DL 394 720 389 720 DL 399 720 394 720 DL 404 720 399 720 DL 409 720 404
720 DL 414 720 409 720 DL 419 720 414 720 DL 424 720 419 720 DL 429 720
424 720 DL 434 720 429 720 DL 439 720 434 720 DL 444 720 439 720 DL 449
720 444 720 DL 454 720 449 720 DL 459 720 454 720 DL 464 720 459 720 DL
469 720 464 720 DL 474 720 469 720 DL 479 720 474 720 DL 484 720 479 720
DL 489 720 484 720 DL 494 720 489 720 DL 499 720 494 720 DL 504 720 499
720 DL EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-13)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(cp /de)157 96 Q
(v/null /etc/sendmail.st)-.25 E(chmod 644 /etc/sendmail.st)157 108 Q
.716(This \214le does not gro)117 124.2 R 4.516 -.65(w. I)-.25 H 3.216
(ti).65 G 3.216(sp)-3.216 G .716
(rinted with the program \231mailstats/mailstats.c.)-3.216 F 5.715<9a54>
-.7 G .715(he actual path)-5.715 F(of this \214le is de\214ned in the)
117 136.2 Q F0(S)2.5 E F1(option of the)2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1(\214le.)2.5 E F0 2.5(1.3.12. /usr/bin/mailq)102
160.2 R F1(If)142 176.4 Q F2(sendmail)3.439 E F1 .939(is in)3.439 F -.2
(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.439(da).1 G 3.439<7399>-3.439 G(mailq,)-3.439 E
3.439<9a69>-.7 G 3.439(tw)-3.439 G .939(ill simulate the)-3.439 F F0
(\255bp)3.439 E F1 .94(\215ag \(i.e.,)3.44 F F2(sendmail)3.44 E F1 .94
(will print)3.44 F(the contents of the mail queue; see belo)117 188.4 Q
2.5(w\). This)-.25 F(should be a link to /usr/sbin/sendmail.)2.5 E F0
2.5(2. NORMAL)72 212.4 R(OPERA)2.5 E(TIONS)-.95 E 2.5(2.1. The)87 236.4
R(System Log)2.5 E F1 1.511(The system log is supported by the)127 252.6
R F2(syslo)4.011 E(gd)-.1 E F1 1.511(\(8\) program.)1.666 F 1.511
(All messages from)6.511 F F2(sendmail)4.011 E F1(are)4.011 E
(logged under the)102 266.6 Q/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(LOG_MAIL)2.5 E F1
-.1(fa)2.5 G(cility).1 E/F4 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(5)-4 I F1(.)4 I F0 2.5
(2.1.1. F)102 290.6 R(ormat)-.25 E F1 .574(Each line in the system log consists of a timestamp, the name of the machine that gener)
142 306.8 R(-)-.2 E .849(ated it \(for logging from se)117 318.8 R -.15
(ve)-.25 G .849(ral machines o).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.349(rt).15 G .848
(he local area netw)-3.349 F .848(ork\), the w)-.1 F .848
(ord \231sendmail:\232,)-.1 F(and a message)117 332.8 Q F4(6)-4 I F1 5
(.M)4 K(ost messages are a sequence of)-5 E F2(name)2.5 E F1(=)A F2
(value)A F1(pairs.)2.5 E .68(The tw)142 349 R 3.18(om)-.1 G .68
(ost common lines are logged when a message is processed.)-3.18 F .68
(The \214rst logs the)5.68 F .376(receipt of a message; there will be e)
117 361 R .376(xactly one of these per message.)-.15 F .376
(Some \214elds may be omit-)5.376 F(ted if the)117 373 Q 2.5(yd)-.15 G
2.5(on)-2.5 G(ot contain interesting information.)-2.5 E(Fields are:)5 E
50.06(from The)117 389.2 R(en)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.4 G(lope sender address.)
.15 E 53.95(size The)117 405.4 R(size of the message in bytes.)2.5 E
50.06(class The)117 421.6 R
(class \(i.e., numeric precedence\) of the message.)2.5 E 58.39(pri The)
117 437.8 R(initial message priority \(used for queue sorting\).)2.5 E
45.06(nrcpts The)117 454 R 1.514(number of en)4.014 F -.15(ve)-.4 G
1.515(lope recipients for this message \(after aliasing and for).15 F(-)
-.2 E -.1(wa)189 466 S(rding\).).1 E 45.05(msgid The)117 482.2 R
(message id of the message \(from the header\).)2.5 E 48.39(proto The)
117 498.4 R(protocol used to recei)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.25 H
(his message \(e.g., ESMTP or UUCP\)).15 E 49.51(relay The)117 514.6 R
(machine from which it w)2.5 E(as recei)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(d.).15 E
.43(There is also one line logged per deli)117 530.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
.43(ry attempt \(so there can be se).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .43
(ral per message if deli).15 F(v-)-.25 E
(ery is deferred or there are multiple recipients\).)117 542.8 Q
(Fields are:)5 E 61.72(to A)117 559 R
(comma-separated list of the recipients to this mailer)2.5 E(.)-.55 E
41.73(ctladdr The)117 575.2 R -.74(``)2.726 G .226(controlling user').74
F .226(', that is, the name of the user whose credentials we use)-.74 F
(for deli)189 587.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E(.)-.65 E 47.84(delay The)
117 603.4 R 1.303(total delay between the time this message w)3.804 F
1.303(as recei)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.803(da).15 G 1.303(nd the time it)
-3.803 F -.1(wa)189 615.4 S 2.5(sd).1 G(eli)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(red.)
.15 E 42.84(xdelay The)117 631.6 R .116
(amount of time needed in this deli)2.615 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .116
(ry attempt \(normally indicati).15 F .416 -.15(ve o)-.25 H 2.616(ft).15
G(he)-2.616 E(speed of the connection\).)189 643.6 Q .32 LW 76 665.2 72
665.2 DL 80 665.2 76 665.2 DL 84 665.2 80 665.2 DL 88 665.2 84 665.2 DL
92 665.2 88 665.2 DL 96 665.2 92 665.2 DL 100 665.2 96 665.2 DL 104
665.2 100 665.2 DL 108 665.2 104 665.2 DL 112 665.2 108 665.2 DL 116
665.2 112 665.2 DL 120 665.2 116 665.2 DL 124 665.2 120 665.2 DL 128
665.2 124 665.2 DL 132 665.2 128 665.2 DL 136 665.2 132 665.2 DL 140
665.2 136 665.2 DL 144 665.2 140 665.2 DL 148 665.2 144 665.2 DL 152
665.2 148 665.2 DL 156 665.2 152 665.2 DL 160 665.2 156 665.2 DL 164
665.2 160 665.2 DL 168 665.2 164 665.2 DL 172 665.2 168 665.2 DL 176
665.2 172 665.2 DL 180 665.2 176 665.2 DL 184 665.2 180 665.2 DL 188
665.2 184 665.2 DL 192 665.2 188 665.2 DL 196 665.2 192 665.2 DL 200
665.2 196 665.2 DL 204 665.2 200 665.2 DL 208 665.2 204 665.2 DL 212
665.2 208 665.2 DL 216 665.2 212 665.2 DL/F5 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(5)93.6
675.6 Q/F6 8/Times-Roman@0 SF
(Except on Ultrix, which does not support f)3.2 I
(acilities in the syslog.)-.08 E F5(6)93.6 689.2 Q F6(This format may v)
3.2 I(ary slightly if your v)-.2 E(endor has changed the syntax.)-.12 E
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-14 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 43.95
(mailer The)117 96 R(name of the mailer used to deli)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25
G 2.5(rt).15 G 2.5(ot)-2.5 G(his recipient.)-2.5 E 49.51(relay The)117
112.2 R(name of the host that actually accepted \(or rejected\) this recipient.)
2.5 E 55.61(stat The)117 128.4 R(deli)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry status.)
.15 E(Not all \214elds are present in all messages; for e)117 144.6 Q
(xample, the relay is not listed for local deli)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ries.).15 E F0 2.5(2.1.2. Le)102 168.6 R -.1(ve)-.15 G(ls).1 E F1 .205
(If you ha)142 184.8 R -.15(ve)-.2 G/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(syslo)2.855
E(gd)-.1 E F1 .205(\(8\) or an equi)1.666 F -.25(va)-.25 G .205
(lent installed, you will be able to do logging.).25 F .204(There is)
5.204 F 2.787(al)117 196.8 S(ar)-2.787 E .287
(ge amount of information that can be logged.)-.18 F .287
(The log is arranged as a succession of le)5.287 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ls.)
.15 E .651(At the lo)117 208.8 R .651(west le)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
3.151(lo).15 G .651(nly e)-3.151 F .651
(xtremely strange situations are logged.)-.15 F .65(At the highest le)
5.651 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .65(l, e).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.15(nt).15 G(he)
-3.15 E .825(most mundane and uninteresting e)117 220.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
.825(nts are recorded for posterity).15 F 5.826(.A)-.65 G 3.326(sac)
-5.826 G(on)-3.326 E -.15(ve)-.4 G .826(ntion, log le).15 F -.15(ve)-.25
G(ls).15 E .201
(under ten are considered generally \231useful;\232 log le)117 232.8 R
-.15(ve)-.25 G .201(ls abo).15 F .501 -.15(ve 6)-.15 H 2.701(4a).15 G .2
(re reserv)-2.701 F .2(ed for deb)-.15 F .2(ugging pur)-.2 F(-)-.2 E 2.5
(poses. Le)117 244.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ls from 11\25564 are reserv).15 E
(ed for v)-.15 E(erbose information that some sites might w)-.15 E(ant.)
-.1 E 2.5(Ac)142 261 S(omplete description of the log le)-2.5 E -.15(ve)
-.25 G(ls is gi).15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ns)-2.5 G
(ection 4.6.)-2.5 E F0 2.5(2.2. Dumping)87 285 R(State)2.5 E F1 -1.1(Yo)
127 301.2 S 2.563(uc)1.1 G .063(an ask)-2.563 F F2(sendmail)2.563 E F1
.064(to log a dump of the open \214les and the connection cache by sending it a)
2.563 F/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(SIGUSR1)102 313.2 Q F1 2.5(signal. The)2.5
F(results are logged at)2.5 E F3(LOG_DEB)2.5 E(UG)-.09 E F1(priority)2.5
E(.)-.65 E F0 2.5(2.3. The)87 337.2 R(Mail Queue)2.5 E F1 1.283
(Sometimes a host cannot handle a message immediately)127 353.4 R 6.283
(.F)-.65 G 1.283(or e)-6.433 F 1.283(xample, it may be do)-.15 F 1.282
(wn or)-.25 F -.15(ove)102 365.4 S .042
(rloaded, causing it to refuse connections.).15 F .043
(The sending host is then e)5.043 F .043(xpected to sa)-.15 F .343 -.15
(ve t)-.2 H .043(his message).15 F
(in its mail queue and attempt to deli)102 377.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5
(ri).15 G 2.5(tl)-2.5 G(ater)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E .568
(Under normal conditions the mail queue will be processed transparently)
127 393.6 R 5.568(.H)-.65 G -.25(ow)-5.568 G -2.15 -.25(ev e).25 H 1.368
-.4(r, y).25 H .568(ou may).4 F .993(\214nd that manual interv)102 405.6
R .993(ention is sometimes necessary)-.15 F 5.993(.F)-.65 G .993(or e)
-6.143 F .993(xample, if a major host is do)-.15 F .994(wn for a)-.25 F
1.699(period of time the queue may become clogged.)102 417.6 R(Although)
6.699 E F2(sendmail)4.199 E F1 1.699(ought to reco)4.199 F -.15(ve)-.15
G 4.199(rg).15 G(racefully)-4.199 E(when the host comes up, you may \214nd performance unacceptably bad in the meantime.)
102 429.6 Q F0 2.5(2.3.1. Printing)102 453.6 R(the queue)2.5 E F1 .526
(The contents of the queue can be printed using the)142 469.8 R F2
(mailq)3.026 E F1 .526(command \(or by specifying the)3.026 F F0(\255bp)
117 481.8 Q F1(\215ag to)2.5 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(\):)A(mailq)157 498
Q 1.673(This will produce a listing of the queue id')117 514.2 R 1.673
(s, the size of the message, the date the message)-.55 F
(entered the queue, and the sender and recipients.)117 526.2 Q F0 2.5
(2.3.2. F)102 550.2 R(or)-.25 E(cing the queue)-.18 E F2(Sendmail)142
566.4 Q F1 1.137(should run the queue automatically at interv)3.637 F
3.638(als. The)-.25 F 1.138(algorithm is to read and)3.638 F .355
(sort the queue, and then to attempt to process all jobs in order)117
578.4 R 5.355(.W)-.55 G .355(hen it attempts to run the job,)-5.355 F F2
(sendmail)117 590.4 Q F1(\214rst checks to see if the job is lock)2.5 E
2.5(ed. If)-.1 F(so, it ignores the job)2.5 E(.)-.4 E .338
(There is no attempt to insure that only one queue processor e)142 606.6
R .338(xists at an)-.15 F 2.838(yt)-.15 G .339(ime, since there)-2.838 F
.095(is no guarantee that a job cannot tak)117 618.6 R 2.595(ef)-.1 G
(ore)-2.595 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.595(rt).15 G 2.595(op)-2.595 G .094
(rocess \(ho)-2.595 F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -.4(r,).15 G F2(sendmail)
2.994 E F1 .094(does include heuris-)2.594 F 1.086(tics to try to abort jobs that are taking absurd amounts of time; technically)
117 630.6 R 3.587(,t)-.65 G 1.087(his violates RFC)-3.587 F .462(821, b)
117 642.6 R .461(ut is blessed by RFC 1123\).)-.2 F .461
(Due to the locking algorithm, it is impossible for one job to)5.461 F
1.086(freeze the entire queue.)117 654.6 R(Ho)6.086 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)
-.25 G 1.886 -.4(r, a).15 H 3.586(nu).4 G(ncooperati)-3.586 E 1.386 -.15
(ve r)-.25 H 1.086(ecipient host or a program recipient that).15 F(ne)
117 666.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.351(rr).15 G .851
(eturns can accumulate man)-3.351 F 3.351(yp)-.15 G .851
(rocesses in your system.)-3.351 F(Unfortunately)5.851 E 3.351(,t)-.65 G
.85(here is no com-)-3.351 F(pletely general w)117 678.6 Q(ay to solv)
-.1 E 2.5(et)-.15 G(his.)-2.5 E .082
(In some cases, you may \214nd that a major host going do)142 694.8 R
.083(wn for a couple of days may create)-.25 F 2.925(ap)117 706.8 S
(rohibiti)-2.925 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .425(ly lar).15 F .425(ge queue.)-.18
F .424(This will result in)5.425 F F2(sendmail)2.924 E F1 .424
(spending an inordinate amount of time)2.924 F 1.084(sorting the queue.)
117 718.8 R 1.084(This situation can be \214x)6.084 F 1.084(ed by mo)
-.15 F 1.085(ving the queue to a temporary place and)-.15 F EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-15)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .023(creating a ne)117 96 R
2.523(wq)-.25 G 2.523(ueue. The)-2.523 F .022
(old queue can be run later when the of)2.523 F .022
(fending host returns to service.)-.25 F 1.6 -.8(To d)142 112.2 T 2.5
(ot).8 G(his, it is acceptable to mo)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.15 H
(he entire queue directory:).15 E(cd /v)157 128.4 Q(ar/spool)-.25 E
(mv mqueue omqueue; mkdir mqueue; chmod 700 mqueue)157 140.4 Q -1.1(Yo)
117 156.6 S 2.708(us)1.1 G .208(hould then kill the e)-2.708 F .209(xisting daemon \(since it will still be processing in the old queue direc-)
-.15 F(tory\) and create a ne)117 168.6 Q 2.5(wd)-.25 G(aemon.)-2.5 E
1.6 -.8(To r)142 184.8 T(un the old mail queue, run the follo).8 E
(wing command:)-.25 E(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255oQ/v)157 201 Q
(ar/spool/omqueue \255q)-.25 E(The)117 217.2 Q F0(\255oQ)2.868 E F1 .367
(\215ag speci\214es an alternate queue directory and the)2.868 F F0
<ad71>2.867 E F1 .367(\215ag says to just run e)2.867 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
.367(ry job in).15 F .593(the queue.)117 229.2 R .593(If you ha)5.593 F
.893 -.15(ve a t)-.2 H(endenc).15 E 3.093(yt)-.15 G -2.1 -.25(ow a)
-3.093 H .593(rd v).25 F -.1(oy)-.2 G .593(eurism, you can use the).1 F
F0<ad76>3.094 E F1 .594(\215ag to w)3.094 F .594(atch what is)-.1 F
(going on.)117 241.2 Q
(When the queue is \214nally emptied, you can remo)142 257.4 Q .3 -.15
(ve t)-.15 H(he directory:).15 E(rmdir /v)157 273.6 Q(ar/spool/omqueue)
-.25 E F0 2.5(2.4. Disk)87 301.8 R(Based Connection Inf)2.5 E(ormation)
-.25 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Sendmail)127 318 Q F1 .597(stores a lar)
3.097 F .596
(ge amount of information about each remote system it has connected to)
-.18 F 1.127(in memory)102 330 R 3.627(.I)-.65 G 3.627(ti)-3.627 G 3.627
(sn)-3.627 G 1.627 -.25(ow p)-3.627 H 1.127(ossible to preserv).25 F
3.627(es)-.15 G 1.127
(ome of this information on disk as well, by using the)-3.627 F F0
(HostStatusDir)102 342 Q(ectory)-.18 E F1 1.705
(option, so that it may be shared between se)4.205 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
1.705(ral in).15 F -.2(vo)-.4 G 1.705(cations of).2 F F2(sendmail)4.205
E F1(.)A .283(This allo)102 354 R .283(ws mail to be queued immediately or skipped during a queue run if there has been a recent)
-.25 F -.1(fa)102 366 S(ilure in connecting to a remote machine.).1 E
1.439(Additionally enabling)127 382.2 R F0(SingleThr)3.939 E(eadDeli)
-.18 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(ry).1 E F1 1.439(has the added ef)3.939 F 1.439
(fect of single-threading mail)-.25 F(deli)102 394.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
1.61(ry to a destination.).15 F 1.611
(This can be quite helpful if the remote machine is running an SMTP)6.61
F(serv)102 406.2 Q 1.011(er that is easily o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.011
(rloaded or cannot accept more than a single connection at a time, b).15
F 1.01(ut can)-.2 F .458
(cause some messages to be punted to a future queue run.)102 418.2 R
.458(It also applies to)5.458 F F2(all)2.958 E F1 .458
(hosts, so setting this)2.958 F .282(because you ha)102 430.2 R .582
-.15(ve o)-.2 H .281(ne machine on site that runs some softw).15 F .281
(are that is easily o)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .281(rrun can cause mail).15
F .315(to other hosts to be slo)102 442.2 R .315(wed do)-.25 F 2.815
(wn. If)-.25 F .315(this option is set, you probably w)2.815 F .315
(ant to set the)-.1 F F0(MinQueueAge)2.815 E F1 .872
(option as well and run the queue f)102 454.2 R .871
(airly frequently; this w)-.1 F .871
(ay jobs that are skipped because another)-.1 F F2(sendmail)102 466.2 Q
F1 .363(is talking to the same host will be tried ag)2.863 F .364
(ain quickly rather than being delayed for a long)-.05 F(time.)102 478.2
Q 1.099
(The disk based host information is stored in a subdirectory of the)127
494.4 R F0(mqueue)3.598 E F1 1.098(directory called)3.598 F F0
(.hoststat)102 508.4 Q/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(7)-4 I F1 6.749(.R)4 K(emo)
-6.749 E 1.749(ving this directory and its subdirectories has an ef)-.15
F 1.75(fect similar to the)-.25 F F2(pur)4.25 E -.1(ge)-.37 G(stat).1 E
F1 .046(command and is completely safe.)102 520.4 R .045
(The information in these directories can be perused with the)5.046 F F2
(host-)2.545 E(stat)102 532.4 Q F1 .513(command, which will indicate the host name, the last access, and the status of that access.)
3.012 F(An)5.513 E .69
(asterisk in the left most column indicates that a)102 544.4 R F2
(sendmail)3.19 E F1 .69(process currently has the host lock)3.19 F .69
(ed for)-.1 F(mail deli)102 556.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E(.)-.65 E .53
(The disk based connection information is treated the same w)127 572.6 R
.53(ay as memory based connection)-.1 F .536
(information for the purpose of timeouts.)102 584.6 R .536(By def)5.536
F .536(ault, information about host f)-.1 F .536(ailures is v)-.1 F .536
(alid for 30)-.25 F 2.5(minutes. This)102 596.6 R
(can be adjusted with the)2.5 E F0 -.18(Ti)2.5 G(meout.hoststatus).18 E
F1(option.)2.5 E .022
(The connection information stored on disk may be pur)127 612.8 R .023
(ged at an)-.18 F 2.523(yt)-.15 G .023(ime with the)-2.523 F F2(pur)
2.523 E -.1(ge)-.37 G(stat).1 E F1(com-)2.523 E .95(mand or by in)102
624.8 R -.2(vo)-.4 G .949(king sendmail with the).2 F F0(\255bH)3.449 E
F1 3.449(switch. The)3.449 F .949(connection information may be vie)
3.449 F(wed)-.25 E(with the)102 636.8 Q F2(hoststat)2.5 E F1
(command or by in)2.5 E -.2(vo)-.4 G(king sendmail with the).2 E F0
(\255bh)2.5 E F1(switch.)2.5 E .32 LW 76 678.8 72 678.8 DL 80 678.8 76
678.8 DL 84 678.8 80 678.8 DL 88 678.8 84 678.8 DL 92 678.8 88 678.8 DL
96 678.8 92 678.8 DL 100 678.8 96 678.8 DL 104 678.8 100 678.8 DL 108
678.8 104 678.8 DL 112 678.8 108 678.8 DL 116 678.8 112 678.8 DL 120
678.8 116 678.8 DL 124 678.8 120 678.8 DL 128 678.8 124 678.8 DL 132
678.8 128 678.8 DL 136 678.8 132 678.8 DL 140 678.8 136 678.8 DL 144
678.8 140 678.8 DL 148 678.8 144 678.8 DL 152 678.8 148 678.8 DL 156
678.8 152 678.8 DL 160 678.8 156 678.8 DL 164 678.8 160 678.8 DL 168
678.8 164 678.8 DL 172 678.8 168 678.8 DL 176 678.8 172 678.8 DL 180
678.8 176 678.8 DL 184 678.8 180 678.8 DL 188 678.8 184 678.8 DL 192
678.8 188 678.8 DL 196 678.8 192 678.8 DL 200 678.8 196 678.8 DL 204
678.8 200 678.8 DL 208 678.8 204 678.8 DL 212 678.8 208 678.8 DL 216
678.8 212 678.8 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(7)93.6 689.2 Q/F5 8
/Times-Roman@0 SF(This is the usual v)3.2 I(alue of the)-.2 E/F6 8
/Times-Bold@0 SF(HostStatusDir)2 E(ectory)-.144 E F5
(option; it can, of course, go an)2 E(ywhere you lik)-.12 E 2(ei)-.08 G
2(ny)-2 G(our \214lesystem.)-2 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-16 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(2.5. The)87 96 R(Ser)2.5 E
(vice Switch)-.1 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.416(The implementation of certain system services such as host and user name lookup is con-)
127 112.2 R .336(trolled by the service switch.)102 124.2 R .336
(If the host operating system supports such a switch)5.336 F/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.835 E F1 .335(will use)2.835 F(the nati)
102 138.2 Q .3 -.15(ve ve)-.25 H 2.5(rsion. Ultrix,).15 F
(Solaris, and DEC OSF/1 are e)2.5 E(xamples of such systems)-.15 E/F3 7
/Times-Roman@0 SF(8)-4 I F1(.)4 I .88(If the underlying operating system does not support a service switch \(e.g., SunOS 4.X, HP-)
127 154.4 R .211(UX, BSD\) then)102 166.4 R F2(sendmail)2.711 E F1 .212
(will pro)2.711 F .212(vide a stub implementation.)-.15 F(The)5.212 E F0
(Ser)2.712 E(viceSwitchFile)-.1 E F1 .212(option points)2.712 F .937
(to the name of a \214le that has the service de\214nitions.)102 178.4 R
.937(Each line has the name of a service and the)5.937 F
(possible implementations of that service.)102 190.4 Q -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5
(re).15 G(xample, the \214le:)-2.65 E 12.94(hosts dns)142 206.6 R
(\214les nis)2.5 E 6.84(aliases \214les)142 218.6 R(nis)2.5 E .328
(will ask)102 234.8 R F2(sendmail)2.828 E F1 .328
(to look for hosts in the Domain Name System \214rst.)2.828 F .329
(If the requested host name is)5.329 F .379
(not found, it tries local \214les, and if that f)102 246.8 R .379
(ails it tries NIS.)-.1 F(Similarly)5.379 E 2.879(,w)-.65 G .379
(hen looking for aliases it will)-2.879 F
(try the local \214les \214rst follo)102 258.8 Q(wed by NIS.)-.25 E
1.269(Service switches are not completely inte)127 275 R 3.769
(grated. F)-.15 F 1.269(or e)-.15 F 1.269(xample, despite the f)-.15 F
1.27(act that the host)-.1 F .294(entry listed in the abo)102 287 R .594
-.15(ve ex)-.15 H .293
(ample speci\214es to look in NIS, on SunOS this w).15 F(on')-.1 E 2.793
(th)-.18 G .293(appen because the)-2.793 F 1.398
(system implementation of)102 299 R F2 -.1(ge)3.898 G(thostbyname).1 E
F1 1.398(\(3\) doesn')1.666 F 3.898(tu)-.18 G 1.399(nderstand this.)
-3.898 F 1.399(If there is enough demand)6.399 F F2(sendmail)102 311 Q
F1 .015(may reimplement)2.515 F F2 -.1(ge)2.515 G(thostbyname).1 E F1
(\(3\),)1.666 E F2 -.1(ge)2.515 G(thostbyaddr).1 E F1(\(3\),)1.666 E F2
-.1(ge)2.515 G(tpwent).1 E F1 .014(\(3\), and the other system)1.666 F
(routines that w)102 323 Q(ould be necessary to mak)-.1 E 2.5(et)-.1 G
(his w)-2.5 E(ork seamlessly)-.1 E(.)-.65 E F0 2.5(2.6. The)87 347 R
(Alias Database)2.5 E F1 2.074(After recipient addresses are read from the SMTP connection or command line the)
127 363.2 R 4.574(ya)-.15 G(re)-4.574 E .5
(parsed by ruleset 0, which must resolv)102 375.2 R 3(et)-.15 G 3(oa)-3
G({)-.001 E F2(mailer)A F1(,)A F2(host)2.999 E F1(,)A F2(user)2.999 E F1
2.999(}t)C 2.999(riple. If)-2.999 F .499(the \215ags selected by the)
2.999 F F2(mailer)102 387.2 Q F1 .454(include the)2.954 F F0(A)2.954 E
F1 .454(\(aliasable\) \215ag, the)2.954 F F2(user)2.954 E F1 .454
(part of the triple is look)2.954 F .454(ed up as the k)-.1 F .754 -.15
(ey \()-.1 H .454(i.e., the left).15 F .903
(hand side\) into the alias database.)102 399.2 R .903
(If there is a match, the address is deleted from the send queue)5.903 F
.678(and all addresses on the right hand side of the alias are added in place of the alias that w)
102 411.2 R .679(as found.)-.1 F 2.007(This is a recursi)102 423.2 R
2.307 -.15(ve o)-.25 H 2.007(peration, so aliases found in the right hand side of the alias are similarly)
.15 F -.15(ex)102 435.2 S(panded.).15 E .36(The alias database e)127
451.4 R .36(xists in tw)-.15 F 2.86(of)-.1 G 2.861(orms. One)-2.86 F
.361(is a te)2.861 F .361(xt form, maintained in the \214le)-.15 F F2
(/etc/aliases.)2.861 E F1(The aliases are of the form)102 463.4 Q
(name: name1, name2, ...)142 479.6 Q
(Only local names may be aliased; e.g.,)102 495.8 Q(eric@prep.ai.MIT)142
512 Q(.EDU: eric@CS.Berk)-.74 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E 1.088
(will not ha)102 530.2 R 1.388 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.088(he desired ef).15 F
1.088(fect \(e)-.25 F 1.088(xcept on prep.ai.MIT)-.15 F 1.088
(.EDU, and the)-.74 F 3.588(yp)-.15 G 1.088(robably don')-3.588 F 3.587
(tw)-.18 G 1.087(ant me\))-3.687 F F3(9)-4 I F1(.)4 I .561
(Aliases may be continued by starting an)102 542.2 R 3.061(yc)-.15 G
.561(ontinuation lines with a space or a tab)-3.061 F 5.562(.B)-.4 G
.562(lank lines and)-5.562 F(lines be)102 554.2 Q
(ginning with a sharp sign \(\231#\232\) are comments.)-.15 E .651
(The second form is processed by the)127 572.4 R F2(ndbm)3.15 E F1
(\(3\))1.666 E F3(10)-4 I F1 .65(or the Berk)3.15 4 N(ele)-.1 E 3.15(yD)
-.15 G 3.15(Bl)-3.15 G(ibrary)-3.15 E 5.65(.T)-.65 G .65(his form is in)
-5.65 F .593(the \214le)102 584.4 R F2(/etc/aliases.db)3.093 E F1 .593
(\(if using NEWDB\) or)3.093 F F2(/etc/aliases.dir)3.093 E F1(and)3.093
E F2(/etc/aliases.pa)3.094 E(g)-.1 E F1 .594(\(if using NDBM\).)3.094 F
.954(This is the form that)102 596.4 R F2(sendmail)3.454 E F1 .954
(actually uses to resolv)3.454 F 3.454(ea)-.15 G 3.454(liases. This)
-3.454 F .953(technique is used to impro)3.454 F -.15(ve)-.15 G
(performance.)102 608.4 Q
(The control of search order is actually set by the service switch.)127
624.6 Q(Essentially)5 E 2.5(,t)-.65 G(he entry)-2.5 E .32 LW 76 642 72
642 DL 80 642 76 642 DL 84 642 80 642 DL 88 642 84 642 DL 92 642 88 642
DL 96 642 92 642 DL 100 642 96 642 DL 104 642 100 642 DL 108 642 104 642
DL 112 642 108 642 DL 116 642 112 642 DL 120 642 116 642 DL 124 642 120
642 DL 128 642 124 642 DL 132 642 128 642 DL 136 642 132 642 DL 140 642
136 642 DL 144 642 140 642 DL 148 642 144 642 DL 152 642 148 642 DL 156
642 152 642 DL 160 642 156 642 DL 164 642 160 642 DL 168 642 164 642 DL
172 642 168 642 DL 176 642 172 642 DL 180 642 176 642 DL 184 642 180 642
DL 188 642 184 642 DL 192 642 188 642 DL 196 642 192 642 DL 200 642 196
642 DL 204 642 200 642 DL 208 642 204 642 DL 212 642 208 642 DL 216 642
212 642 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(8)93.6 652.4 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF
.107(HP-UX 10 has service switch support, b)3.2 J .108
(ut since the APIs are apparently not a)-.16 F -.2(va)-.16 G .108
(ilable in the libraries).2 F/F6 8/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.108 E F5
.108(does not use the)2.108 F(nati)72 665.2 Q .24 -.12(ve s)-.2 H
(ervice switch in this release.).12 E F4(9)93.6 675.6 Q F5(Actually)3.2
I 2(,a)-.52 G .24 -.12(ny m)-2 H(ailer that has the `).12 E 1.776 -.888
(A' m)-.64 H(ailer \215ag set will permit aliasing; this is normally limited to the local mailer)
.888 E(.)-.44 E F4(10)93.6 689.2 Q F5(The)3.2 I F6(gdbm)2 E F5
(package does not w)2 E(ork.)-.08 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-17)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 2.5(OA)142 96 S
(liasFile=switch:aliases)-2.5 E .926(is al)102 112.2 R -.1(wa)-.1 G .927
(ys added as the \214rst alias entry; also, the \214rst alias \214le name without a class \(e.g., without)
.1 F .269(\231nis:\232 on the front\) will be used as the name of the \214le for a `)
102 124.2 R(`\214les')-.74 E 2.768('e)-.74 G .268
(ntry in the aliases switch.)-2.768 F -.15(Fo)5.268 G(r).15 E -.15(ex)
102 136.2 S(ample, if the con\214guration \214le contains).15 E 2.5(OA)
142 152.4 S(liasFile=/etc/aliases)-2.5 E
(and the service switch contains)102 168.6 Q 6.84(aliases nis)142 184.8
R(\214les nisplus)2.5 E 2.449(then aliases will \214rst be searched in the NIS database, then in /etc/aliases, then in the NIS+)
102 201 R(database.)102 213 Q -1.1(Yo)127 229.2 S 2.5(uc)1.1 G
(an also use)-2.5 E/F2 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(NIS)2.5 E F1
(-based alias \214les.)A -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G
(xample, the speci\214cation:)-2.65 E 2.5(OA)142 245.4 S
(liasFile=/etc/aliases)-2.5 E 2.5(OA)142 257.4 S
(liasFile=nis:mail.aliases@my)-2.5 E(.nis.domain)-.65 E 1.725(will \214rst search the /etc/aliases \214le and then the map named \231mail.aliases\232 in \231my)
102 273.6 R(.nis.domain\232.)-.65 E -.8(Wa)102 285.6 S .589
(rning: if you b).8 F .589(uild your o)-.2 F(wn)-.25 E F2(NIS)3.089 E F1
.589(-based alias \214les, be sure to pro)B .59(vide the)-.15 F F0<ad6c>
3.09 E F1 .59(\215ag to)3.09 F/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(mak)3.09 E(edbm)
-.1 E F1(\(8\))A .159(to map upper case letters in the k)102 297.6 R
-.15(ey)-.1 G 2.659(st).15 G 2.659(ol)-2.659 G -.25(ow)-2.659 G .159
(er case; otherwise, aliases with upper case letters in their).25 F
(names w)102 309.6 Q(on')-.1 E 2.5(tm)-.18 G(atch incoming addresses.)
-2.5 E(Additional \215ags can be added after the colon e)127 325.8 Q
(xactly lik)-.15 E 2.5(ea)-.1 G F0(K)A F1(line \212 for e)2.5 E(xample:)
-.15 E 2.5(OA)142 342 S(liasFile=nis:\255N mail.aliases@my)-2.5 E
(.nis.domain)-.65 E(will search the appropriate NIS map and al)102 358.2
Q -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys include null bytes in the k).1 E -.15(ey)-.1 G 5(.A)
-.5 G(lso:)-5 E 2.5(OA)142 374.4 S(liasFile=nis:\255f mail.aliases@my)
-2.5 E(.nis.domain)-.65 E(will pre)102 390.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(nt sendmail from do).15 E(wncasing the k)-.25 E .3 -.15(ey b)-.1 H
(efore the alias lookup.).15 E F0 2.5(2.6.1. Reb)102 414.6 R
(uilding the alias database)-.2 E F1(The)142 430.8 Q F3(hash)3.079 E F1
(or)3.079 E F3(dbm)3.079 E F1 -.15(ve)3.079 G .579
(rsion of the database may be reb).15 F .58(uilt e)-.2 F .58
(xplicitly by e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .58(cuting the com-).15 F(mand)117
442.8 Q(ne)157 459 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E(This is equi)117 475.2 Q
-.25(va)-.25 G(lent to gi).25 E(ving)-.25 E F3(sendmail)2.5 E F1(the)2.5
E F0(\255bi)2.5 E F1(\215ag:)2.5 E(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255bi)157 491.4 Q
2.29(If the)142 511.8 R F0(Reb)4.79 E(uildAliases)-.2 E F1(\(old)4.79 E
F0(D)4.79 E F1 4.79(\)o)C 2.29
(ption is speci\214ed in the con\214guration,)-4.79 F F3(sendmail)4.79 E
F1(will)4.79 E(reb)117 523.8 Q .775(uild the alias database automatically if possible when it is out of date.)
-.2 F(Auto-reb)5.775 E .775(uild can be)-.2 F 1.854(dangerous on hea)117
535.8 R 1.854(vily loaded machines with lar)-.2 F 1.853
(ge alias \214les; if it might tak)-.18 F 4.353(em)-.1 G 1.853
(ore than the)-4.353 F(reb)117 547.8 Q 2.831(uild timeout \(option)-.2 F
F0(AliasW)5.331 E(ait)-.65 E F1 5.331(,o)C(ld)-5.331 E F0(a)5.331 E F1
5.331(,w)C 2.832(hich is normally \214v)-5.331 F 5.332(em)-.15 G 2.832
(inutes\) to reb)-5.332 F 2.832(uild the)-.2 F
(database, there is a chance that se)117 559.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ral processes will start the reb).15 E(uild process simultaneously)-.2
E(.)-.65 E 1.77(If you ha)142 576 R 2.07 -.15(ve m)-.2 H 1.77
(ultiple aliases databases speci\214ed, the).15 F F0(\255bi)4.27 E F1
1.77(\215ag reb)4.27 F 1.77(uilds all the database)-.2 F
(types it understands \(for e)117 588 Q(xample, it can reb)-.15 E
(uild NDBM databases b)-.2 E(ut not NIS databases\).)-.2 E F0 2.5
(2.6.2. P)102 612 R(otential pr)-.2 E(oblems)-.18 E F1 1.131
(There are a number of problems that can occur with the alias database.)
142 628.2 R(The)6.131 E 3.631(ya)-.15 G 1.131(ll result)-3.631 F 1.104
(from a)117 640.2 R F3(sendmail)3.604 E F1 1.104
(process accessing the DBM v)3.604 F 1.103
(ersion while it is only partially b)-.15 F 3.603(uilt. This)-.2 F(can)
3.603 E 1.248(happen under tw)117 652.2 R 3.748(oc)-.1 G 1.248(ircumstances: One process accesses the database while another process is)
-3.748 F(reb)117 664.2 Q .518(uilding it, or the process reb)-.2 F .518
(uilding the database dies \(due to being killed or a system crash\))-.2
F(before completing the reb)117 676.2 Q(uild.)-.2 E .401
(Sendmail has three techniques to try to relie)142 692.4 R .701 -.15
(ve t)-.25 H .401(hese problems.).15 F .401
(First, it ignores interrupts)5.401 F .045(while reb)117 704.4 R .045
(uilding the database; this a)-.2 F -.2(vo)-.2 G .045
(ids the problem of someone aborting the process lea).2 F .045(ving a)
-.2 F .176(partially reb)117 716.4 R .176(uilt database.)-.2 F .177
(Second, it locks the database source \214le during the reb)5.176 F .177
(uild \212 b)-.2 F .177(ut that)-.2 F EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-18 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .813
(may not w)117 96 R .813(ork o)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.313(rN).15 G .813
(FS or if the \214le is unwritable.)-3.313 F .812
(Third, at the end of the reb)5.812 F .812(uild it adds an)-.2 F
(alias of the form)117 108 Q(@: @)157 124.2 Q .336
(\(which is not normally le)117 140.4 R -.05(ga)-.15 G 2.836
(l\). Before).05 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.836 E F1 .336
(will access the database, it checks to insure that)2.836 F
(this entry e)117 154.4 Q(xists)-.15 E/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(11)-4 I F1
(.)4 I F0 2.5(2.6.3. List)102 178.4 R -.1(ow)2.5 G(ners).1 E F1 .401
(If an error occurs on sending to a certain address, say \231)142 194.6
R F2(x)A F1<9a2c>A F2(sendmail)2.9 E F1 .4(will look for an alias)2.9 F
.417(of the form \231o)117 206.6 R(wner)-.25 E(-)-.2 E F2(x)A F1 2.917
<9a74>C 2.917(or)-2.917 G(ecei)-2.917 E .717 -.15(ve t)-.25 H .418
(he errors.).15 F .418
(This is typically useful for a mailing list where the)5.418 F 1.117
(submitter of the list has no control o)117 218.6 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.617
(rt).15 G 1.116
(he maintenance of the list itself; in this case the list)-3.617 F
(maintainer w)117 230.6 Q(ould be the o)-.1 E(wner of the list.)-.25 E
-.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample:)-2.65 E
(unix-wizards: eric@ucbarpa, wnj@monet, nosuchuser)157 246.8 Q(,)-.4 E
(sam@matisse)193 258.8 Q -.25(ow)157 270.8 S(ner).25 E
(-unix-wizards: unix-wizards-request)-.2 E
(unix-wizards-request: eric@ucbarpa)157 282.8 Q -.1(wo)117 299 S .689(uld cause \231eric@ucbarpa\232 to get the error that will occur when someone sends to unix-wiz-)
.1 F(ards due to the inclusion of \231nosuchuser\232 on the list.)117
311 Q .959(List o)142 327.2 R .959(wners also cause the en)-.25 F -.15
(ve)-.4 G .959(lope sender address to be modi\214ed.).15 F .958
(The contents of the)5.958 F -.25(ow)117 339.2 S .428
(ner alias are used if the).25 F 2.928(yp)-.15 G .428
(oint to a single user)-2.928 F 2.928(,o)-.4 G .429
(therwise the name of the alias itself is used.)-2.928 F -.15(Fo)117
351.2 S 3.455(rt).15 G .955(his reason, and to obe)-3.455 F 3.454(yI)
-.15 G .954(nternet con)-3.454 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .954(ntions, the \231o)
.15 F(wner)-.25 E .954(-\232 address normally points at the)-.2 F .503(\231-request\232 address; this causes messages to go out with the typical Internet con)
117 363.2 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .504(ntion of using).15 F -.74(``)117 375.2 S
F2(list).74 E F1(-request')A 2.5('a)-.74 G 2.5(st)-2.5 G
(he return address.)-2.5 E F0 2.5(2.7. User)87 399.2 R(Inf)2.5 E
(ormation Database)-.25 E F1 1.06(If you ha)127 415.4 R 1.36 -.15
(ve a ve)-.2 H 1.06(rsion of).15 F F2(sendmail)3.559 E F1 1.059
(with the user information database compiled in, and you)3.559 F(ha)102
427.4 Q 2.205 -.15(ve s)-.2 H 1.905
(peci\214ed one or more databases using the).15 F F0(U)4.406 E F1 1.906
(option, the databases will be searched for a)4.406 F F2(user)102 439.4
Q F1(:maildrop entry)A 5(.I)-.65 G 2.5(ff)-5 G
(ound, the mail will be sent to the speci\214ed address.)-2.5 E F0 2.5
(2.8. P)87 463.4 R(er)-.2 E(-User F)-.37 E(orwarding \(.f)-.25 E
(orward Files\))-.25 E F1 .121(As an alternati)127 479.6 R .421 -.15
(ve t)-.25 H 2.621(ot).15 G .121(he alias database, an)-2.621 F 2.621
(yu)-.15 G .12(ser may put a \214le with the name \231.forw)-2.621 F .12
(ard\232 in his)-.1 F .205(or her home directory)102 491.6 R 5.205(.I)
-.65 G 2.705(ft)-5.205 G .205(his \214le e)-2.705 F(xists,)-.15 E F2
(sendmail)2.705 E F1 .205
(redirects mail for that user to the list of addresses)2.705 F .909
(listed in the .forw)102 503.6 R .908(ard \214le.)-.1 F -.15(Fo)5.908 G
3.408(re).15 G .908
(xample, if the home directory for user \231mckusick\232 has a .forw)
-3.558 F(ard)-.1 E(\214le with contents:)102 515.6 Q(mckusick@ernie)142
531.8 Q(kirk@calder)142 543.8 Q(then an)102 560 Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G
(ail arri)-2.5 E(ving for \231mckusick\232 will be redirected to the speci\214ed accounts.)
-.25 E(Actually)127 576.2 Q 3.374(,t)-.65 G .874(he con\214guration \214le de\214nes a sequence of \214lenames to check.)
-3.374 F .875(By def)5.875 F .875(ault, this is)-.1 F .517(the user')102
588.2 R 3.017(s.)-.55 G(forw)-3.017 E .517(ard \214le, b)-.1 F .517
(ut can be de\214ned to be more generally using the)-.2 F F0 -.25(Fo)
3.017 G(rwardP).25 E(ath)-.1 E F1 3.016(option. If)3.016 F .182
(you change this, you will ha)102 600.2 R .482 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.682(oi)
.15 G .182(nform your user base of the change; .forw)-2.682 F .183
(ard is pretty well incor)-.1 F(-)-.2 E(porated into the collecti)102
612.2 Q .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(ubconscious.).15 E F0 2.5(2.9. Special)87
636.2 R(Header Lines)2.5 E F1(Se)127 652.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.898
(ral header lines ha).15 F 2.197 -.15(ve s)-.2 H 1.897
(pecial interpretations de\214ned by the con\214guration \214le.).15 F
(Others)6.897 E(ha)102 664.4 Q 1.205 -.15(ve i)-.2 H .905
(nterpretations b).15 F .905(uilt into)-.2 F F2(sendmail)3.405 E F1 .906
(that cannot be changed without changing the code.)3.405 F(These)5.906 E
-.2(bu)102 676.4 S(iltins are described here.).2 E .32 LW 76 686 72 686
DL 80 686 76 686 DL 84 686 80 686 DL 88 686 84 686 DL 92 686 88 686 DL
96 686 92 686 DL 100 686 96 686 DL 104 686 100 686 DL 108 686 104 686 DL
112 686 108 686 DL 116 686 112 686 DL 120 686 116 686 DL 124 686 120 686
DL 128 686 124 686 DL 132 686 128 686 DL 136 686 132 686 DL 140 686 136
686 DL 144 686 140 686 DL 148 686 144 686 DL 152 686 148 686 DL 156 686
152 686 DL 160 686 156 686 DL 164 686 160 686 DL 168 686 164 686 DL 172
686 168 686 DL 176 686 172 686 DL 180 686 176 686 DL 184 686 180 686 DL
188 686 184 686 DL 192 686 188 686 DL 196 686 192 686 DL 200 686 196 686
DL 204 686 200 686 DL 208 686 204 686 DL 212 686 208 686 DL 216 686 212
686 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(11)93.6 696.4 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(The)
3.2 I/F6 8/Times-Bold@0 SF(AliasW)2 E(ait)-.52 E F5
(option is required in the con\214guration for this action to occur)2 E
4(.T)-.44 G(his should normally be speci\214ed.)-4 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-19)195.86 E 2.5(2.9.1. Err)102 96 R(ors-T)-.18 E(o:)-.92 E/F1 10
/Times-Roman@0 SF .22(If errors occur an)142 112.2 R .22(ywhere during processing, this header will cause error messages to go to)
-.15 F(the listed addresses.)117 124.2 Q
(This is intended for mailing lists.)5 E .384(The Errors-T)142 140.4 R
.384(o: header w)-.8 F .384
(as created in the bad old days when UUCP didn')-.1 F 2.885(tu)-.18 G
.385(nderstand the)-2.885 F .89(distinction between an en)117 152.4 R
-.15(ve)-.4 G .89(lope and a header; this w).15 F .889(as a hack to pro)
-.1 F .889(vide what should no)-.15 F 3.389(wb)-.25 G(e)-3.389 E .809
(passed as the en)117 164.4 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .809(lope sender address.)
.15 F .809(It should go a)5.809 F -.1(wa)-.15 G 4.609 -.65(y. I).1 H
3.31(ti).65 G 3.31(so)-3.31 G .81(nly used if the)-3.31 F F0(UseErr)3.31
E(orsT)-.18 E(o)-.92 E F1(option is set.)117 176.4 Q(The Errors-T)142
192.6 Q(o: header is of)-.8 E(\214cially deprecated and will go a)-.25 E
-.1(wa)-.15 G 2.5(yi).1 G 2.5(naf)-2.5 G(uture release.)-2.5 E F0 2.5
(2.9.2. A)102 216.6 R(ppar)-.25 E(ently-T)-.18 E(o:)-.92 E F1 .045
(RFC 822 requires at least one recipient \214eld \(T)142 232.8 R .045
(o:, Cc:, or Bcc: line\) in e)-.8 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .044(ry message.).15
F .044(If a)5.044 F .562
(message comes in with no recipients listed in the message then)117
244.8 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.062 E F1 .562
(will adjust the header)3.062 F .085
(based on the \231NoRecipientAction\232 option.)117 256.8 R .085
(One of the possible actions is to add an \231)5.085 F(Apparently-)-.8 E
-.8(To)117 268.8 S(:\232 header line for an).8 E 2.5(yr)-.15 G
(ecipients it is a)-2.5 E -.1(wa)-.15 G(re of.).1 E(The Apparently-T)142
285 Q(o: header is non-standard and is deprecated.)-.8 E F0 2.5
(2.9.3. Pr)102 309 R(ecedence)-.18 E F1 .425(The Precedence: header can be used as a crude control of message priority)
142 325.2 R 5.425(.I)-.65 G 2.925(tt)-5.425 G .425(weaks the)-2.925 F(sort order in the queue and can be con\214gured to change the message timeout v)
117 337.2 Q(alues.)-.25 E F0 2.5(2.10. IDENT)87 361.2 R(Pr)2.5 E
(otocol Support)-.18 E F2(Sendmail)127 377.4 Q F1 1.835
(supports the IDENT protocol as de\214ned in RFC 1413.)4.335 F 1.835
(Although this enhances)6.835 F .289
(identi\214cation of the author of an email message by doing a `)102
389.4 R .29(`call back')-.74 F 2.79('t)-.74 G 2.79(ot)-2.79 G .29
(he originating system to)-2.79 F .469(include the o)102 401.4 R .469(wner of a particular TCP connection in the audit trail it is in no sense perfect; a deter)
-.25 F(-)-.2 E 1.293(mined for)102 413.4 R 1.294
(ger can easily spoof the IDENT protocol.)-.18 F 1.294(The follo)6.294 F
1.294(wing description is e)-.25 F 1.294(xcerpted from)-.15 F(RFC 1413:)
102 425.4 Q 2.5(6. Security)127 441.6 R(Considerations)2.5 E .006
(The information returned by this protocol is at most as trustw)127
457.8 R(orth)-.1 E 2.505(ya)-.05 G 2.505(st)-2.505 G .005(he host pro)
-2.505 F .005(viding it OR)-.15 F .273(the or)127 469.8 R -.05(ga)-.18 G
.273(nization operating the host.).05 F -.15(Fo)5.273 G 2.773(re).15 G
.274(xample, a PC in an open lab has fe)-2.923 F 2.774(wi)-.25 G 2.774
(fa)-2.774 G .574 -.15(ny c)-2.774 H(ontrols).15 E .987(on it to pre)127
481.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .986(nt a user from ha).15 F .986
(ving this protocol return an)-.2 F 3.486(yi)-.15 G .986
(denti\214er the user w)-3.486 F 3.486(ants. Lik)-.1 F(e-)-.1 E 1.441(wise, if the host has been compromised the information returned may be completely erro-)
127 493.8 R(neous and misleading.)127 505.8 Q .521(The Identi\214cation Protocol is not intended as an authorization or access control protocol.)
127 522 R(At)5.52 E 1.036(best, it pro)127 534 R 1.037(vides some additional auditing information with respect to TCP connections.)
-.15 F(At)6.037 E -.1(wo)127 546 S(rst, it can pro).1 E
(vide misleading, incorrect, or maliciously incorrect information.)-.15
E 1.006(The use of the information returned by this protocol for other than auditing is strongly dis-)
127 562.2 R 2.697(couraged. Speci\214cally)127 574.2 R 2.697(,u)-.65 G
.197(sing Identi\214cation Protocol information to mak)-2.697 F 2.697
(ea)-.1 G .197(ccess control deci-)-2.697 F .514(sions - either as the primary method \(i.e., no other checks\) or as an adjunct to other methods)
127 586.2 R(may result in a weak)127 598.2 Q
(ening of normal host security)-.1 E(.)-.65 E 1.778
(An Identi\214cation serv)127 614.4 R 1.778(er may re)-.15 F -.15(ve)
-.25 G 1.778(al information about users, entities, objects or processes)
.15 F .337(which might normally be considered pri)127 626.4 R -.25(va)
-.25 G 2.836(te. An).25 F .336(Identi\214cation serv)2.836 F .336
(er pro)-.15 F .336(vides service which)-.15 F .806
(is a rough analog of the CallerID services pro)127 638.4 R .806
(vided by some phone companies and man)-.15 F 3.306(yo)-.15 G(f)-3.306 E
1.398(the same pri)127 650.4 R -.25(va)-.25 G 1.698 -.15(cy c).25 H
1.398(onsiderations and ar).15 F 1.398
(guments that apply to the CallerID service apply to)-.18 F 3.545
(Identi\214cation. If)127 662.4 R 1.045(you w)3.545 F(ouldn')-.1 E 3.545
(tr)-.18 G 1.045(un a "\214nger" serv)-3.545 F 1.046(er due to pri)-.15
F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.346 -.15(cy c).25 H 1.046(onsiderations you may).15 F
(not w)127 674.4 Q(ant to run this protocol.)-.1 E .377
(In some cases your system may not w)102 690.6 R .377
(ork properly with IDENT support due to a b)-.1 F .376(ug in the TCP/IP)
-.2 F 3.675(implementation. The)102 702.6 R 1.175(symptoms will be that for some hosts the SMTP connection will be closed)
3.675 F .566(almost immediately)102 714.6 R 5.566(.I)-.65 G 3.066(ft)
-5.566 G .565(his is true or if you do not w)-3.066 F .565
(ant to use IDENT)-.1 F 3.065(,y)-.74 G .565(ou should set the IDENT)
-3.065 F EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-20 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(timeout to zero; this will disable the IDENT protocol.)102 96 Q F0 2.5
(3. ARGUMENTS)72 120 R F1 .017(The complete list of ar)112 136.2 R .017
(guments to)-.18 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.517 E F1 .017
(is described in detail in Appendix A.)2.517 F .018(Some important)5.018
F(ar)87 148.2 Q(guments are described here.)-.18 E F0 2.5(3.1. Queue)87
172.2 R(Inter)2.5 E -.1(va)-.1 G(l).1 E F1 .455(The amount of time between forking a process to run through the queue is de\214ned by the)
127 188.4 R F0<ad71>2.955 E F1 2.675(\215ag. If)102 200.4 R .175
(you run with deli)2.675 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .175(ry mode set to).15 F F0
(i)2.675 E F1(or)2.675 E F0(b)2.675 E F1 .176(this can be relati)2.675 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G .176(ly lar).15 F .176(ge, since it will only be rel-)
-.18 F -.25(eva)102 212.4 S .207(nt when a host that w).25 F .207(as do)
-.1 F .207(wn comes back up.)-.25 F .206(If you run in)5.207 F F0(q)
2.706 E F1 .206(mode it should be relati)2.706 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .206
(ly short,).15 F 1.039(since it de\214nes the maximum amount of time that a message may sit in the queue.)
102 224.4 R 1.039(\(See also the)6.039 F(MinQueueAge option.\))102 236.4
Q 1.336(RFC 1123 section 5.3.1.1 says that this v)127 252.6 R 1.335
(alue should be at least 30 minutes \(although that)-.25 F
(probably doesn')102 264.6 Q 2.5(tm)-.18 G(ak)-2.5 E 2.5(es)-.1 G
(ense if you use `)-2.5 E(`queue-only')-.74 E 2.5('m)-.74 G(ode\).)-2.5
E F0 2.5(3.2. Daemon)87 288.6 R(Mode)2.5 E F1 .084(If you allo)127 304.8
R 2.584(wi)-.25 G .084(ncoming mail o)-2.584 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.585(ra)
.15 G 2.585(nI)-2.585 G .085(PC connection, you should ha)-2.585 F .385
-.15(ve a d)-.2 H .085(aemon running.).15 F(This)5.085 E .07
(should be set by your)102 316.8 R F2(/etc/r)2.57 E(c)-.37 E F1 .07
(\214le using the)2.57 F F0(\255bd)2.57 E F1 2.569(\215ag. The)2.57 F F0
(\255bd)2.569 E F1 .069(\215ag and the)2.569 F F0<ad71>2.569 E F1 .069
(\215ag may be combined)2.569 F(in one call:)102 328.8 Q
(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255bd \255q30m)142 345 Q .292(An alternati)127
365.4 R .592 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .292(pproach is to in).15 F -.2(vo)-.4 G
.493 -.1(ke s).2 H .293(endmail from).1 F F2(inetd)2.793 E F1 .293
(\(8\) \(use the)B F0(\255bs)2.793 E F1 .293(\215ag to ask sendmail)
2.793 F .255(to speak SMTP on its standard input and output\).)102 377.4
R .255(This w)5.255 F .255(orks and allo)-.1 F .255(ws you to wrap)-.25
F F2(sendmail)2.755 E F1 .255(in a)2.755 F 1.39(TCP wrapper program, b)
102 389.4 R 1.39(ut may be a bit slo)-.2 F 1.39
(wer since the con\214guration \214le has to be re-read on)-.25 F -2.15
-.25(ev e)102 401.4 T .556(ry message that comes in.).25 F .556
(If you do this, you still need to ha)5.556 F .856 -.15(ve a)-.2 H F2
(sendmail)3.206 E F1 .555(running to \215ush the)3.055 F(queue:)102
413.4 Q(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255q30m)142 429.6 Q F0 2.5(3.3. F)87 457.8 R
(or)-.25 E(cing the Queue)-.18 E F1 .04(In some cases you may \214nd that the queue has gotten clogged for some reason.)
127 474 R -1.1(Yo)5.04 G 2.54(uc)1.1 G .04(an force)-2.54 F 3.185(aq)102
486 S .685(ueue run using the)-3.185 F F0<ad71>3.184 E F1 .684
(\215ag \(with no v)3.184 F 3.184(alue\). It)-.25 F .684
(is entertaining to use the)3.184 F F0<ad76>3.184 E F1 .684(\215ag \(v)
3.184 F .684(erbose\) when)-.15 F(this is done to w)102 498 Q
(atch what happens:)-.1 E(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255q \255v)142 514.2 Q
-1.1(Yo)127 534.6 S 4.004(uc)1.1 G 1.504
(an also limit the jobs to those with a particular queue identi\214er)
-4.004 F 4.004(,s)-.4 G(ender)-4.004 E 4.004(,o)-.4 G 4.004(rr)-4.004 G
(ecipient)-4.004 E .687(using one of the queue modi\214ers.)102 546.6 R
-.15(Fo)5.687 G 3.187(re).15 G .687(xample, \231\255qRberk)-3.337 F(ele)
-.1 E .686(y\232 restricts the queue run to jobs that)-.15 F(ha)102
558.6 Q .525 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .225(he string \231berk).15 F(ele)-.1 E
.225(y\232 some)-.15 F .225(where in one of the recipient addresses.)
-.25 F(Similarly)5.226 E 2.726<2c99>-.65 G .226(\255qSstring\232 lim-)
-2.726 F(its the run to particular senders and \231\255qIstring\232 limits it to particular queue identi\214ers.)
102 570.6 Q F0 2.5(3.4. Deb)87 594.6 R(ugging)-.2 E F1 1.365
(There are a f)127 610.8 R 1.365(airly lar)-.1 F 1.365(ge number of deb)
-.18 F 1.365(ug \215ags b)-.2 F 1.365(uilt into)-.2 F F2(sendmail)3.865
E F1 6.365(.E)C 1.365(ach deb)-6.365 F 1.365(ug \215ag has a)-.2 F 1.116
(number and a le)102 622.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.116(l, where higher le).15
F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.116(ls means to print out more information.).15 F
1.116(The con)6.116 F -.15(ve)-.4 G 1.116(ntion is).15 F .294(that le)
102 634.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .294(ls greater than nine are \231absurd,).15
F 2.794<9a69>-.7 G .294(.e., the)-2.794 F 2.794(yp)-.15 G .293
(rint out so much information that you w)-2.794 F(ouldn')-.1 E(t)-.18 E
.691(normally w)102 646.8 R .692(ant to see them e)-.1 F .692
(xcept for deb)-.15 F .692(ugging that particular piece of code.)-.2 F
(Deb)5.692 E .692(ug \215ags are set)-.2 F(using the)102 658.8 Q F0
<ad64>2.5 E F1(option; the syntax is:)2.5 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-21)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(deb)142 96 Q(ug-\215ag:)-.2 E
F0<ad64>12.78 E F1(deb)2.5 E(ug-list)-.2 E(deb)142 108 Q 13.05
(ug-list: deb)-.2 F(ug-option [ , deb)-.2 E(ug-option ]*)-.2 E(deb)142
120 Q -.28(ug-option: deb)-.2 F(ug-range [ . deb)-.2 E(ug-le)-.2 E -.15
(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l]).15 G(deb)142 132 Q 3.07(ug-range: inte)-.2 F
(ger | inte)-.15 E(ger \255 inte)-.15 E(ger)-.15 E(deb)142 144 Q(ug-le)
-.2 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 6.24(l: inte).15 F(ger)-.15 E
(where spaces are for reading ease only)102 160.2 Q 5(.F)-.65 G(or e)
-5.15 E(xample,)-.15 E 34.99(\255d12 Set)142 176.4 R(\215ag 12 to le)2.5
E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l1).15 G 27.49(\255d12.3 Set)142 188.4 R
(\215ag 12 to le)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l3).15 G 24.35
(\255d3\25517 Set)142 200.4 R(\215ags 3 through 17 to le)2.5 E -.15(ve)
-.25 G 2.5(l1).15 G 16.85(\255d3\25517.4 Set)142 212.4 R
(\215ags 3 through 17 to le)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l4).15 G -.15(Fo)
102 228.6 S 4.066(rac).15 G 1.566(omplete list of the a)-4.066 F -.25
(va)-.2 G 1.565(ilable deb).25 F 1.565(ug \215ags you will ha)-.2 F
1.865 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 4.065(ol).15 G 1.565(ook at the code \(the)-4.065
F 4.065(ya)-.15 G 1.565(re too)-4.065 F(dynamic to k)102 240.6 Q
(eep this documentation up to date\).)-.1 E F0 2.5(3.5. Changing)87
264.6 R(the V)2.5 E(alues of Options)-.92 E F1(Options can be o)127
280.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(rridden using the).15 E F0<ad6f>2.5 E F1(or)2.5 E
F0<ad4f>2.5 E F1(command line \215ags.)2.5 E -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G
(xample,)-2.65 E(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255oT2m)142 297 Q .02(sets the)102
313.2 R F0(T)2.52 E F1 .02(\(timeout\) option to tw)2.52 F 2.52(om)-.1 G
.021(inutes for this run only; the equi)-2.52 F -.25(va)-.25 G .021
(lent line using the long option).25 F(name is)102 325.2 Q
(/usr/sbin/sendmail -O)142 341.4 Q -.35(Ti)-.4 G(meout.queuereturn=2m)
.35 E .72(Some options ha)127 361.8 R 1.02 -.15(ve s)-.2 H .72
(ecurity implications.).15 F .72(Sendmail allo)5.72 F .72
(ws you to set these, b)-.25 F .72(ut relinquishes)-.2 F
(its setuid root permissions thereafter)102 375.8 Q/F2 7/Times-Roman@0
SF(12)-4 I F1(.)4 I F0 2.5(3.6. T)87 399.8 R(rying a Differ)-.74 E
(ent Con\214guration File)-.18 E F1(An alternati)127 416 Q .3 -.15(ve c)
-.25 H(on\214guration \214le can be speci\214ed using the).15 E F0<ad43>
2.5 E F1(\215ag; for e)2.5 E(xample,)-.15 E
(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255Ctest.cf \255oQ/tmp/mqueue)142 432.2 Q .429
(uses the con\214guration \214le)102 448.4 R/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
(test.cf)2.928 E F1 .428(instead of the def)2.928 F(ault)-.1 E F3
(/etc/sendmail.cf)2.928 E(.)-.15 E F1 .428(If the)5.428 F F0<ad43>2.928
E F1 .428(\215ag has no v)2.928 F(alue)-.25 E(it def)102 460.4 Q
(aults to)-.1 E F3(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1(in the current directory)2.5 E
(.)-.65 E F3(Sendmail)127 476.6 Q F1(gi)2.679 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.679(su)
.15 G 2.679(pi)-2.679 G .18(ts setuid root permissions when you use this \215ag, so it is common to use a)
-2.679 F .069(publicly writable directory \(such as /tmp\) as the spool directory \(QueueDirectory or Q option\) while)
102 488.6 R(testing.)102 500.6 Q F0 2.5(3.7. Logging)87 524.6 R -.74(Tr)
2.5 G(af\214c).74 E F1(Man)127 540.8 Q 3.254(yS)-.15 G .754
(MTP implementations do not fully implement the protocol.)-3.254 F -.15
(Fo)5.754 G 3.254(re).15 G .755(xample, some per)-3.404 F(-)-.2 E 1.178
(sonal computer based SMTPs do not understand continuation lines in reply codes.)
102 552.8 R 1.177(These can be)6.178 F -.15(ve)102 564.8 S .13
(ry hard to trace.).15 F .13
(If you suspect such a problem, you can set traf)5.13 F .13
(\214c logging using the)-.25 F F0<ad58>2.63 E F1 2.63(\215ag. F)2.63 F
(or)-.15 E -.15(ex)102 576.8 S(ample,).15 E
(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255X /tmp/traf)142 593 Q(\214c \255bd)-.25 E
(will log all traf)102 609.2 Q(\214c in the \214le)-.25 E F3(/tmp/tr)2.5
E(af)-.15 E<8c63>-.18 E F1(.)A .998(This logs a lot of data v)127 625.4
R .997(ery quickly and should)-.15 F F0(NEVER)3.497 E F1 .997
(be used during normal operations.)3.497 F .962(After starting up such a daemon, force the errant implementation to send a message to your host.)
102 637.4 R .609(All message traf)102 649.4 R .609(\214c in and out of)
-.25 F F3(sendmail)3.109 E F1 3.109(,i)C .609
(ncluding the incoming SMTP traf)-3.109 F .608(\214c, will be logged in)
-.25 F(this \214le.)102 661.4 Q .32 LW 76 671 72 671 DL 80 671 76 671 DL
84 671 80 671 DL 88 671 84 671 DL 92 671 88 671 DL 96 671 92 671 DL 100
671 96 671 DL 104 671 100 671 DL 108 671 104 671 DL 112 671 108 671 DL
116 671 112 671 DL 120 671 116 671 DL 124 671 120 671 DL 128 671 124 671
DL 132 671 128 671 DL 136 671 132 671 DL 140 671 136 671 DL 144 671 140
671 DL 148 671 144 671 DL 152 671 148 671 DL 156 671 152 671 DL 160 671
156 671 DL 164 671 160 671 DL 168 671 164 671 DL 172 671 168 671 DL 176
671 172 671 DL 180 671 176 671 DL 184 671 180 671 DL 188 671 184 671 DL
192 671 188 671 DL 196 671 192 671 DL 200 671 196 671 DL 204 671 200 671
DL 208 671 204 671 DL 212 671 208 671 DL 216 671 212 671 DL/F4 5
/Times-Roman@0 SF(12)93.6 681.4 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .497
(That is, it sets its ef)3.2 J(fecti)-.2 E .737 -.12(ve u)-.2 H .497
(id to the real uid; thus, if you are e).12 F -.12(xe)-.12 G .497
(cuting as root, as from root').12 F 2.497(sc)-.44 G .497
(rontab \214le or during system)-2.497 F
(startup the root permissions will still be honored.)72 694.2 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-22 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(3.8. T)87 96 R
(esting Con\214guration Files)-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .643
(When you b)127 112.2 R .644(uild a con\214guration table, you can do a certain amount of testing using the \231test)
-.2 F(mode\232 of)102 124.2 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.5 E F1
5(.F)C(or e)-5.15 E(xample, you could in)-.15 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G
F2(sendmail)2.6 E F1(as:)2.5 E(sendmail \255bt \255Ctest.cf)142 140.4 Q
.448(which w)102 156.6 R .448(ould read the con\214guration \214le \231test.cf\232 and enter test mode.)
-.1 F .447(In this mode, you enter lines)5.447 F(of the form:)102 168.6
Q(rwset address)142 184.8 Q(where)102 201 Q F2(rwset)3.006 E F1 .506
(is the re)3.006 F .506(writing set you w)-.25 F .506(ant to use and)-.1
F F2(addr)3.007 E(ess)-.37 E F1 .507(is an address to apply the set to.)
3.007 F -.7(Te)5.507 G(st).7 E .794(mode sho)102 213 R .794
(ws you the steps it tak)-.25 F .794(es as it proceeds, \214nally sho)
-.1 F .794(wing you the address it ends up with.)-.25 F -1.1(Yo)102 225
S 3.331(um)1.1 G .832(ay use a comma separated list of rwsets for sequential application of rules to an input.)
-3.331 F -.15(Fo)5.832 G(r).15 E -.15(ex)102 237 S(ample:).15 E
(3,1,21,4 monet:bollard)142 253.2 Q .622
(\214rst applies ruleset three to the input \231monet:bollard.)102 269.4
R 5.622<9a52>-.7 G .622(uleset one is then applied to the output of)
-5.622 F(ruleset three, follo)102 281.4 Q
(wed similarly by rulesets twenty-one and four)-.25 E(.)-.55 E 1.084(If you need more detail, you can also use the \231\255d21\232 \215ag to turn on more deb)
127 297.6 R 3.585(ugging. F)-.2 F(or)-.15 E -.15(ex)102 309.6 S(ample,)
.15 E(sendmail \255bt \255d21.99)142 325.8 Q .689
(turns on an incredible amount of information; a single w)102 342 R .688
(ord address is probably going to print out)-.1 F(se)102 354 Q -.15(ve)
-.25 G(ral pages w).15 E(orth of information.)-.1 E -1.1(Yo)127 370.2 S
2.574(us)1.1 G .074(hould be w)-2.574 F .074(arned that internally)-.1 F
(,)-.65 E F2(sendmail)2.575 E F1 .075
(applies ruleset 3 to all addresses.)2.575 F .075(In test mode)5.075 F
(you will ha)102 382.2 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.5(od).15 G 2.5(ot)-2.5 G
(hat manually)-2.5 E 5(.F)-.65 G(or e)-5.15 E(xample, older v)-.15 E
(ersions allo)-.15 E(wed you to use)-.25 E 2.5(0b)142 398.4 S
(ruce@broadcast.son)-2.5 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(com).65 E(This v)102 414.6 Q
(ersion requires that you use:)-.15 E(3,0 bruce@broadcast.son)142 430.8
Q -.65(y.)-.15 G(com).65 E(As of v)127 451.2 Q
(ersion 8.7, some other syntax)-.15 E(es are a)-.15 E -.25(va)-.2 G
(ilable in test mode:).25 E 5<832e>107 467.4 S 1.666(Dxv)-5 G .328
(alue de\214nes macro)-1.916 F F2(x)2.828 E F1 .328(to ha)2.828 F .628
-.15(ve t)-.2 H .328(he indicated).15 F F2(value)2.828 E F1 5.328(.T)C
.328(his is useful when deb)-5.328 F .327(ugging rules that)-.2 F
(use the)115.5 479.4 Q F0($&)2.5 E F2(x)A F1(syntax.)2.5 E 5<832e>107
491.4 S 1.666(Ccv)-5 G(alue adds the indicated)-1.916 E F2(value)2.5 E
F1(to class)2.5 E F2(c)2.5 E F1(.)A 5<832e>107 503.4 S 1.666(Sr)-5 G
(uleset dumps the contents of the indicated ruleset.)-1.666 E 5<83ad>107
515.4 S 1.666(dd)-5 G(eb)-1.666 E(ug-spec is equi)-.2 E -.25(va)-.25 G
(lent to the command-line \215ag.).25 E F0 2.5(3.9. P)87 539.4 R
(ersistent Host Status Inf)-.2 E(ormation)-.25 E F1(When)127 555.6 Q F0
(HostStatusDir)2.569 E(ectory)-.18 E F1 .069
(is enabled, information about the status of hosts is maintained on)
2.569 F .249(disk and can thus be shared between dif)102 567.6 R .249
(ferent instantiations of)-.25 F F2(sendmail)2.749 E F1 5.249(.T)C .248
(he status of the last con-)-5.249 F
(nection with each remote host may be vie)102 579.6 Q
(wed with the command:)-.25 E(sendmail \255bh)142 595.8 Q
(This information may be \215ushed with the command:)102 612 Q
(sendmail \255bH)142 628.2 Q 1.534(Flushing the information pre)102
644.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.534(nts ne).15 F(w)-.25 E F2(sendmail)4.034 E
F1 1.535(processes from loading it, b)4.035 F 1.535(ut does not pre)-.2
F -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt).15 E -.15(ex)102 656.4 S
(isting processes from using the status information that the).15 E 2.5
(ya)-.15 G(lready ha)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(.).15 E F0 2.5(4. TUNING)72
680.4 R F1 1.922
(There are a number of con\214guration parameters you may w)112 696.6 R
1.922(ant to change, depending on the)-.1 F .366
(requirements of your site.)87 708.6 R .367
(Most of these are set using an option in the con\214guration \214le.)
5.366 F -.15(Fo)5.367 G 2.867(re).15 G(xample,)-3.017 E
(the line \231O T)87 720.6 Q
(imeout.queuereturn=5d\232 sets option \231T)-.35 E
(imeout.queuereturn\232 to the v)-.35 E(alue \2315d\232 \(\214v)-.25 E
2.5(ed)-.15 G(ays\).)-2.5 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-23)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .735
(Most of these options ha)112 96 R 1.035 -.15(ve a)-.2 H .735
(ppropriate def).15 F .735(aults for most sites.)-.1 F(Ho)5.735 E(we)
-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.535 -.4(r, s).15 H .735(ites ha).4 F .735
(ving v)-.2 F .735(ery high)-.15 F .045(mail loads may \214nd the)87 108
R 2.545(yn)-.15 G .046
(eed to tune them as appropriate for their mail load.)-2.545 F .046
(In particular)5.046 F 2.546(,s)-.4 G .046(ites e)-2.546 F(xperi-)-.15 E
1.088(encing a lar)87 120 R 1.088(ge number of small messages, man)-.18
F 3.588(yo)-.15 G 3.587(fw)-3.588 G 1.087(hich are deli)-3.587 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G 1.087(red to man).15 F 3.587(yr)-.15 G 1.087
(ecipients, may \214nd)-3.587 F(that the)87 132 Q 2.5(yn)-.15 G
(eed to adjust the parameters dealing with queue priorities.)-2.5 E .523
(All v)112 148.2 R .523(ersions of)-.15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
(sendmail)3.023 E F1 .524
(prior to 8.7 had single character option names.)3.023 F .524
(As of 8.7, options ha)5.524 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.216
(long \(multi-character names\).)87 160.2 R 1.216
(Although old short names are still accepted, most ne)6.216 F 3.715(wo)
-.25 G 1.215(ptions do not)-3.715 F(ha)87 172.2 Q .3 -.15(ve s)-.2 H
(hort equi).15 E -.25(va)-.25 G(lents.).25 E .802
(This section only describes the options you are most lik)112 188.4 R
.802(ely to w)-.1 F .802(ant to tweak; read section 5 for)-.1 F
(more details.)87 200.4 Q F0 2.5(4.1. T)87 224.4 R(imeouts)-.18 E F1
.583(All time interv)127 240.6 R .583
(als are set using a scaled syntax.)-.25 F -.15(Fo)5.583 G 3.083(re).15
G .583(xample, \23110m\232 represents ten minutes,)-3.233 F
(whereas \2312h30m\232 represents tw)102 252.6 Q 2.5(oa)-.1 G
(nd a half hours.)-2.5 E(The full set of scales is:)5 E 16.11(ss)142
268.8 S(econds)-16.11 E 12.22(mm)142 280.8 S(inutes)-12.22 E 15(hh)142
292.8 S(ours)-15 E 15(dd)142 304.8 S(ays)-15 E 12.78(ww)142 316.8 S
(eeks)-12.78 E F0 2.5(4.1.1. Queue)102 345 R(inter)2.5 E -.1(va)-.1 G(l)
.1 E F1 .18(The ar)142 361.2 R .18(gument to the)-.18 F F0<ad71>2.68 E
F1 .18(\215ag speci\214es ho)2.68 F 2.68(wo)-.25 G .18
(ften a sub-daemon will run the queue.)-2.68 F .18(This is)5.18 F .968
(typically set to between \214fteen minutes and one hour)117 373.2 R
5.968(.R)-.55 G .967(FC 1123 section 5.3.1.1 recommends)-5.968 F
(that this be at least 30 minutes.)117 385.2 Q F0 2.5(4.1.2. Read)102
409.2 R(timeouts)2.5 E F1 -.35(Ti)142 425.4 S 1.052(meouts all ha).35 F
1.352 -.15(ve o)-.2 H 1.052(ption names \231T).15 F(imeout.)-.35 E F2
(suboption)A F1 3.552(\232. The)B(recognized)3.552 E F2(suboption)3.553
E F1 1.053(s, their)B(def)117 437.4 Q(ault v)-.1 E
(alues, and the minimum v)-.25 E(alues allo)-.25 E
(wed by RFC 1123 section 5.3.2 are:)-.25 E 38.4(connect The)117 453.6 R
.161(time to w)2.661 F .161(ait for an SMTP connection to open \(the)-.1
F F2(connect)2.66 E F1 .16(\(2\) system call\))B 1.153
([0, unspeci\214ed].)189 465.6 R 1.153(If zero, uses the k)6.153 F 1.153
(ernel def)-.1 F 3.653(ault. In)-.1 F 1.153(no case can this option)
3.653 F -.15(ex)189 477.6 S .519(tend the timeout longer than the k).15
F .518(ernel pro)-.1 F .518(vides, b)-.15 F .518(ut it can shorten it.)
-.2 F(This)5.518 E .579(is to get around k)189 489.6 R .579
(ernels that pro)-.1 F .579
(vide an absurdly long connection timeout \(90)-.15 F
(minutes in one case\).)189 501.6 Q 35.62(iconnect The)117 517.8 R .311
(same as)2.811 F F2(connect,)2.811 E F1 -.15(ex)2.811 G .311
(cept it applies only to the initial attempt to connect to).15 F 2.75
(ah)189 529.8 S .25(ost for a gi)-2.75 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.75(nm).15 G
.25(essage [0, unspeci\214ed].)-2.75 F .25
(The concept is that this should be)5.25 F -.15(ve)189 541.8 S .767
(ry short \(a fe).15 F 3.267(ws)-.25 G .767
(econds\); hosts that are well connected and responsi)-3.267 F 1.066
-.15(ve w)-.25 H(ill).15 E .026(thus be serviced immediately)189 553.8 R
5.026(.H)-.65 G .026(osts that are slo)-5.026 F 2.526(ww)-.25 G .026
(ill not hold up other deli)-2.526 F(v-)-.25 E
(eries in the initial deli)189 565.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry attempt.).15 E
46.16(initial The)117 582 R -.1(wa)2.5 G
(it for the initial 220 greeting message [5m, 5m].).1 E 52.28(helo The)
117 598.2 R -.1(wa)4.227 G 1.727
(it for a reply from a HELO or EHLO command [5m, unspeci\214ed].).1 F .1
(This may require a host name lookup, so \214v)189 610.2 R 2.6(em)-.15 G
.1(inutes is probably a reasonable)-2.6 F(minimum.)189 622.2 Q 46.72
(mail\207 The)117 638.4 R -.1(wa)2.5 G
(it for a reply from a MAIL command [10m, 5m].).1 E 48.95(rcpt\207 The)
117 654.6 R -.1(wa)3.482 G .982
(it for a reply from a RCPT command [1h, 5m].).1 F .981
(This should be long)5.981 F 1.556
(because it could be pointing at a list that tak)189 666.6 R 1.556
(es a long time to e)-.1 F 1.556(xpand \(see)-.15 F(belo)189 678.6 Q
(w\).)-.25 E 34.5(datainit\207 The)117 694.8 R -.1(wa)2.5 G
(it for a reply from a D).1 E -1.21 -1.11(AT A)-.4 H(command [5m, 2m].)
3.61 E 25.62(datablock\207 The)117 711 R -.1(wa)2.696 G .196
(it for reading a data block \(that is, the body of the message\).).1 F
.196([1h, 3m].)5.196 F 2.686(This should be long because it also applies to programs piping input to)
189 723 R EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-24 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
(sendmail)189 96 Q/F2 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(which ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve n)
-.2 H 2.5(og).15 G(uarantee of promptness.)-2.5 E 30.06
(data\214nal\207 The)117 112.2 R -.1(wa)2.806 G .306
(it for a reply from the dot terminating a message.).1 F .306
([1h, 10m].)5.306 F .306(If this is)5.306 F .883
(shorter than the time actually needed for the recei)189 124.2 R -.15
(ve)-.25 G 3.384(rt).15 G 3.384(od)-3.384 G(eli)-3.384 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
3.384(rt).15 G .884(he message,)-3.384 F(duplicates will be generated.)
189 136.2 Q(This is discussed in RFC 1047.)5 E 55.06(rset The)117 152.4
R -.1(wa)2.5 G(it for a reply from a RSET command [5m, unspeci\214ed].)
.1 E 53.94(quit The)117 168.6 R -.1(wa)2.5 G(it for a reply from a Q).1
E(UIT command [2m, unspeci\214ed].)-.1 E 50.61(misc The)117 184.8 R -.1
(wa)2.761 G .261(it for a reply from miscellaneous \(b).1 F .261
(ut short\) commands such as NOOP)-.2 F
(\(no-operation\) and VERB \(go into v)189 196.8 Q(erbose mode\).)-.15 E
([2m, unspeci\214ed].)5 E 25.06(command\207 In)117 213 R(serv)2.5 E
(er SMTP)-.15 E 2.5(,t)-1.11 G(he time to w)-2.5 E
(ait for another command.)-.1 E([1h, 5m].)5 E 49.5(ident The)117 231.2 R
(timeout w)2.5 E(aiting for a reply to an IDENT query [30s)-.1 E/F3 7
/Times-Roman@0 SF(13)-4 I F2 2.5(,u)4 K(nspeci\214ed].)-2.5 E 37.28
(\214leopen The)117 247.4 R(timeout for opening .forw)2.5 E
(ard and :include: \214les [60s, none].)-.1 E 30.05(hoststatus Ho)117
263.6 R 4.141(wl)-.25 G 1.642
(ong status information about a host \(e.g., host do)-4.141 F 1.642
(wn\) will be cached)-.25 F
(before it is considered stale [30m, unspeci\214ed].)189 275.6 Q -.15
(Fo)117 291.8 S 4.609(rc).15 G 2.109
(ompatibility with old con\214guration \214les, if no)-4.609 F F1
(suboption)4.608 E F2 2.108(is speci\214ed, all the timeouts)4.608 F
(mark)117 303.8 Q(ed with \207 are set to the indicated v)-.1 E(alue.)
-.25 E(Man)142 320 Q 2.5(yo)-.15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he RFC 1123 minimum v)
-2.5 E .001(alues may well be too short.)-.25 F F1(Sendmail)5.001 E F2
-.1(wa)2.501 G 2.501(sd).1 G .001(esigned to)-2.501 F .712
(the RFC 822 protocols, which did not specify read timeouts; hence, v)
117 332 R .711(ersions of)-.15 F F1(sendmail)3.211 E F2(prior)3.211 E
.864(to v)117 344 R .865
(ersion 8.1 did not guarantee to reply to messages promptly)-.15 F 5.865
(.I)-.65 G 3.365(np)-5.865 G(articular)-3.365 E 3.365(,a\231)-.4 G .865
(RCPT\232 com-)-3.365 F .061(mand specifying a mailing list will e)117
356 R .061(xpand and v)-.15 F .06(erify the entire list; a lar)-.15 F
.06(ge list on a slo)-.18 F 2.56(ws)-.25 G(ystem)-2.56 E .436
(may easily tak)117 370 R 2.936(em)-.1 G .436(ore than \214v)-2.936 F
2.936(em)-.15 G(inutes)-2.936 E F3(14)-4 I F2 5.436(.I)4 K .435
(recommend a one hour timeout \212 since a commu-)-2.5 F 1.365
(nications f)117 382 R 1.366(ailure during the RCPT phase is rare, a long timeout is not onerous and may ulti-)
-.1 F(mately help reduce netw)117 394 Q
(ork load and duplicated messages.)-.1 E -.15(Fo)142 410.2 S 2.5(re).15
G(xample, the lines:)-2.65 E 2.5(OT)157 426.4 S(imeout.command=25m)-2.85
E 2.5(OT)157 438.4 S(imeout.datablock=3h)-2.85 E .344(sets the serv)117
454.6 R .344(er SMTP command timeout to 25 minutes and the input data block timeout to three)
-.15 F(hours.)117 466.6 Q F0 2.5(4.1.3. Message)102 490.6 R(timeouts)2.5
E F2 .237(After sitting in the queue for a fe)142 506.8 R 2.737(wd)-.25
G .237(ays, a message will time out.)-2.737 F .238
(This is to insure that at)5.238 F .568(least the sender is a)117 518.8
R -.1(wa)-.15 G .568(re of the inability to send a message.).1 F .567
(The timeout is typically set to \214v)5.568 F(e)-.15 E 2.599(days. It)
117 530.8 R .099(is sometimes considered con)2.599 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .099
(nient to also send a w).15 F .1(arning message if the message is in)-.1
F .176(the queue longer than a fe)117 542.8 R 2.675(wh)-.25 G .175
(ours \(assuming you normally ha)-2.675 F .475 -.15(ve g)-.2 H .175
(ood connecti).15 F .175(vity; if your mes-)-.25 F .645
(sages normally took se)117 554.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .645
(ral hours to send you w).15 F(ouldn')-.1 E 3.145(tw)-.18 G .645
(ant to do this because it w)-3.245 F(ouldn')-.1 E 3.145(tb)-.18 G(e)
-3.145 E .058(an unusual e)117 566.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.558(nt\). These)
.15 F .057(timeouts are set using the)2.557 F F0 -.18(Ti)2.557 G
(meout.queuer).18 E(etur)-.18 E(n)-.15 E F2(and)2.557 E F0 -.18(Ti)2.557
G(meout.queue-).18 E(war)117 578.8 Q(n)-.15 E F2
(options in the con\214guration \214le \(pre)2.5 E
(viously both were set using the)-.25 E F0(T)2.5 E F2(option\).)2.5 E
.106(Since these options are global, and since you can not kno)142 595 R
(w)-.25 E F1 2.606(ap)2.606 G(riori)-2.606 E F2(ho)2.607 E 2.607(wl)-.25
G .107(ong another host)-2.607 F .476(outside your domain will be do)117
607 R .475(wn, a \214v)-.25 F 2.975(ed)-.15 G .475
(ay timeout is recommended.)-2.975 F .475(This allo)5.475 F .475
(ws a recipient)-.25 F 1.579(to \214x the problem e)117 619 R -.15(ve)
-.25 G 4.079(ni).15 G 4.079(fi)-4.079 G 4.079(to)-4.079 G 1.579
(ccurs at the be)-4.079 F 1.58(ginning of a long week)-.15 F 4.08
(end. RFC)-.1 F 1.58(1123 section)4.08 F
(5.3.1.1 says that this parameter should be `)117 631 Q
(`at least 4\2555 days')-.74 E('.)-.74 E .32 LW 76 655.6 72 655.6 DL 80
655.6 76 655.6 DL 84 655.6 80 655.6 DL 88 655.6 84 655.6 DL 92 655.6 88
655.6 DL 96 655.6 92 655.6 DL 100 655.6 96 655.6 DL 104 655.6 100 655.6
DL 108 655.6 104 655.6 DL 112 655.6 108 655.6 DL 116 655.6 112 655.6 DL
120 655.6 116 655.6 DL 124 655.6 120 655.6 DL 128 655.6 124 655.6 DL 132
655.6 128 655.6 DL 136 655.6 132 655.6 DL 140 655.6 136 655.6 DL 144
655.6 140 655.6 DL 148 655.6 144 655.6 DL 152 655.6 148 655.6 DL 156
655.6 152 655.6 DL 160 655.6 156 655.6 DL 164 655.6 160 655.6 DL 168
655.6 164 655.6 DL 172 655.6 168 655.6 DL 176 655.6 172 655.6 DL 180
655.6 176 655.6 DL 184 655.6 180 655.6 DL 188 655.6 184 655.6 DL 192
655.6 188 655.6 DL 196 655.6 192 655.6 DL 200 655.6 196 655.6 DL 204
655.6 200 655.6 DL 208 655.6 204 655.6 DL 212 655.6 208 655.6 DL 216
655.6 212 655.6 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(13)93.6 666 Q/F5 8
/Times-Roman@0 SF(On some systems the def)3.2 I
(ault is zero to turn the protocol of)-.08 E 2(fe)-.2 G(ntirely)-2 E(.)
-.52 E F4(14)93.6 679.6 Q F5 .212(This v)3.2 J .212
(eri\214cation includes looking up e)-.12 F -.12(ve)-.2 G .212
(ry address with the name serv).12 F .212(er; this in)-.12 F -.16(vo)
-.32 G(lv).16 E .212(es netw)-.12 F .213
(ork delays, and can in some cases)-.08 F(can be considerable.)72 692.4
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-25)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(The)142 96 Q F0 -.18(Ti)2.923
G(meout.queuewar).18 E(n)-.15 E F1 -.25(va)2.923 G .423
(lue can be piggyback).25 F .422(ed on the)-.1 F F0(T)2.922 E F1 .422
(option by indicating a time)2.922 F .845(after which a w)117 108 R .845
(arning message should be sent; the tw)-.1 F 3.346(ot)-.1 G .846
(imeouts are separated by a slash.)-3.346 F -.15(Fo)5.846 G(r).15 E -.15
(ex)117 120 S(ample, the line).15 E -.4(OT)157 136.2 S(5d/4h).4 E .972
(causes email to f)117 152.4 R .971(ail after \214v)-.1 F 3.471(ed)-.15
G .971(ays, b)-3.471 F .971(ut a w)-.2 F .971
(arning message will be sent after four hours.)-.1 F(This)5.971 E
(should be lar)117 164.4 Q(ge enough that the message will ha)-.18 E .3
-.15(ve b)-.2 H(een tried se).15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ral times.).15 E F0
2.5(4.2. F)87 188.4 R(orking During Queue Runs)-.25 E F1 .848
(By setting the)127 204.6 R F0 -.25(Fo)3.348 G(rkEachJ).25 E(ob)-.15 E
F1(\()3.348 E F0(Y)A F1 3.348(\)o)C(ption,)-3.348 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0
SF(sendmail)3.348 E F1 .849(will fork before each indi)3.348 F .849
(vidual message)-.25 F .293(while running the queue.)102 216.6 R .293
(This will pre)5.293 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt).15 E F2(sendmail)2.793 E F1
.293(from consuming lar)2.793 F .293(ge amounts of memory)-.18 F 2.792
(,s)-.65 G(o)-2.792 E 1.11(it may be useful in memory-poor en)102 228.6
R 3.61(vironments. Ho)-.4 F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.91 -.4(r, i).15 H
3.61(ft).4 G(he)-3.61 E F0 -.25(Fo)3.61 G(rkEachJ).25 E(ob)-.15 E F1
1.11(option is not set,)3.61 F F2(sendmail)102 240.6 Q F1 .085(will k)
2.585 F .085(eep track of hosts that are do)-.1 F .084
(wn during a queue run, which can impro)-.25 F .384 -.15(ve p)-.15 H
(erformance).15 E(dramatically)102 252.6 Q(.)-.65 E(If the)127 268.8 Q
F0 -.25(Fo)2.5 G(rkEachJ).25 E(ob)-.15 E F1(option is set,)2.5 E F2
(sendmail)2.5 E F1(can not use connection caching.)2.5 E F0 2.5
(4.3. Queue)87 292.8 R(Priorities)2.5 E F1(Ev)127 309 Q 1.128(ery message is assigned a priority when it is \214rst instantiated, consisting of the message)
-.15 F .286(size \(in bytes\) of)102 321 R .286(fset by the message class \(which is determined from the Precedence: header\) times)
-.25 F .342(the \231w)102 333 R .342(ork class f)-.1 F .343
(actor\232 and the number of recipients times the \231w)-.1 F .343
(ork recipient f)-.1 F(actor)-.1 E 4.243 -.7(.\232 T)-.55 H .343
(he priority).7 F .073(is used to order the queue.)102 345 R .073(Higher numbers for the priority mean that the message will be processed)
5.073 F(later when running the queue.)102 357 Q .328
(The message size is included so that lar)127 373.2 R .329
(ge messages are penalized relati)-.18 F .629 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 2.829(os)
.15 G .329(mall messages.)-2.829 F .285(The message class allo)102 385.2
R .285(ws users to send \231high priority\232 messages by including a \231Precedence:\232 \214eld)
-.25 F .007(in their message; the v)102 397.2 R .007
(alue of this \214eld is look)-.25 F .008(ed up in the)-.1 F F0(P)2.508
E F1 .008(lines of the con\214guration \214le.)2.508 F .008(Since the)
5.008 F 1.967(number of recipients af)102 409.2 R 1.967(fects the amount of load a message presents to the system, this is also)
-.25 F(included into the priority)102 421.2 Q(.)-.65 E .53
(The recipient and class f)127 437.4 R .53
(actors can be set in the con\214guration \214le using the)-.1 F F0
(RecipientF)3.03 E(actor)-.25 E F1(\()102 449.4 Q F0(y)A F1 3.443(\)a)C
(nd)-3.443 E F0(ClassF)3.443 E(actor)-.25 E F1(\()3.442 E F0(z)A F1
3.442(\)o)C .942(ptions respecti)-3.442 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.942
(.T)-.65 G(he)-5.942 E 3.442(yd)-.15 G(ef)-3.442 E .942
(ault to 30000 \(for the recipient f)-.1 F .942(actor\) and)-.1 F
(1800 \(for the class f)102 461.4 Q 2.5(actor\). The)-.1 F
(initial priority is:)2.5 E F2(pri)168.495 479.4 Q/F3 10/Symbol SF(=)
3.16 E F2(msgsize)3.18 E F3(-)2.38 E F1(\()2.2 E F2(class).2 E F3<b4>
2.47 E F0(ClassFactor\))2.2 E F3(+)2.2 E F1(\()2.2 E F2(nrcpt).36 E F3
<b4>2.88 E F0(RecipientFactor\))2.2 E F1(\(Remember)102 497.4 Q 3.328
(,h)-.4 G .828(igher v)-3.328 F .828(alues for this parameter actually mean that the job will be treated with lo)
-.25 F(wer)-.25 E(priority)102 509.4 Q(.\))-.65 E 1.519(The priority of a job can also be adjusted each time it is processed \(that is, each time an)
127 525.6 R .235(attempt is made to deli)102 537.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
2.736(ri).15 G .236(t\) using the \231w)-2.736 F .236(ork time f)-.1 F
(actor)-.1 E 1.636 -.7(,\232 s)-.4 H .236(et by the).7 F F0(RetryF)2.736
E(actor)-.25 E F1(\()2.736 E F0(Z)A F1 2.736(\)o)C 2.736(ption. This)
-2.736 F .367(is added to the priority)102 549.6 R 2.867(,s)-.65 G 2.867
(oi)-2.867 G 2.867(tn)-2.867 G .366
(ormally decreases the precedence of the job, on the grounds that jobs)
-2.867 F .137(that ha)102 561.6 R .437 -.15(ve f)-.2 H .137(ailed man)
.05 F 2.637(yt)-.15 G .137(imes will tend to f)-2.637 F .137(ail ag)-.1
F .137(ain in the future.)-.05 F(The)5.137 E F0(RetryF)2.637 E(actor)
-.25 E F1 .137(option def)2.637 F .138(aults to)-.1 F(90000.)102 573.6 Q
F0 2.5(4.4. Load)87 597.6 R(Limiting)2.5 E F2(Sendmail)127 613.8 Q F1
.102(can be ask)2.602 F .101(ed to queue \(b)-.1 F .101(ut not deli)-.2
F -.15(ve)-.25 G .101(r\) mail if the system load a).15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G
.101(rage gets too high).15 F .483(using the)102 625.8 R F0(QueueLA)
2.983 E F1(\()2.983 E F0(x)A F1 2.983(\)o)C 2.983(ption. When)-2.983 F
.483(the load a)2.983 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .483(rage e).15 F .483
(xceeds the v)-.15 F .484(alue of the)-.25 F F0(QueueLA)2.984 E F1
(option,)2.984 E .532(the deli)102 637.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .532
(ry mode is set to).15 F F0(q)3.032 E F1 .532(\(queue only\) if the)
3.032 F F0(QueueF)3.032 E(actor)-.25 E F1(\()3.032 E F0(q)A F1 3.032
(\)o)C .531(ption di)-3.032 F .531(vided by the dif)-.25 F(ference)-.25
E .004(in the current load a)102 649.8 R -.15(ve)-.2 G .004
(rage and the).15 F F0(QueueLA)2.504 E F1 .004(option plus one e)2.504 F
.004(xceeds the priority of the message \212)-.15 F
(that is, the message is queued if)102 661.8 Q(f:)-.25 E F2(pri)251.425
685.21 Q F1(>)3.16 E F0(QueueFactor)15.315 -7 M F2(LA)-66.835 14 M F3(-)
2.23 E F0(QueueLA)2.2 E F3(+)2.2 E .4 LW 354.625 682.61 275.895 682.61
DL F1(1)349.625 692.21 Q(The)102 708.47 Q F0(QueueF)2.616 E(actor)-.25 E
F1 .116(option def)2.616 F .116
(aults to 600000, so each point of load a)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .116
(rage is w).15 F .116(orth 600000 priority)-.1 F
(points \(as described abo)102 720.47 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-26 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.15(Fo)
127 96 S 3.893(rd).15 G 1.393(rastic cases, the)-3.893 F F0(RefuseLA)
3.893 E F1(\()3.893 E F0(X)A F1 3.893(\)o)C 1.394
(ption de\214nes a load a)-3.893 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.394(rage at which).15
F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.894 E F1(will)3.894 E .69
(refuse to accept netw)102 108 R .689(ork connections.)-.1 F .689
(Locally generated mail \(including incoming UUCP mail\) is)5.689 F
(still accepted.)102 120 Q F0 2.5(4.5. Deli)87 144 R -.1(ve)-.1 G
(ry Mode).1 E F1 .253(There are a number of deli)127 160.2 R -.15(ve)
-.25 G .253(ry modes that).15 F F2(sendmail)2.753 E F1 .254
(can operate in, set by the)2.753 F F0(Deli)2.754 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(ryMode)
.1 E F1(\()102 172.2 Q F0(d)A F1 3.599(\)c)C 1.099
(on\214guration option.)-3.599 F 1.099(These modes specify ho)6.099 F
3.598(wq)-.25 G 1.098(uickly mail will be deli)-3.598 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
3.598(red. Le).15 F -.05(ga)-.15 G 3.598(lm).05 G(odes)-3.598 E(are:)102
184.2 Q 17.22(id)142 200.4 S(eli)-17.22 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G
(nteracti)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly \(synchronously\)).15 E 15(bd)142
212.4 S(eli)-15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G 2.5(nb)-2.5 G
(ackground \(asynchronously\))-2.5 E 15(qq)142 224.4 S(ueue only \(don')
-15 E 2.5(td)-.18 G(eli)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(r\)).15 E 15(dd)142 236.4
S(efer delv)-15 E(ery attempts \(don')-.15 E 2.5(td)-.18 G(eli)-2.5 E
-.15(ve)-.25 G(r\)).15 E 1.273(There are tradeof)102 252.6 R 3.773
(fs. Mode)-.25 F 1.273(\231i\232 gi)3.773 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.773(st).15
G 1.273(he sender the quick)-3.773 F 1.273(est feedback, b)-.1 F 1.274
(ut may slo)-.2 F 3.774(wd)-.25 G -.25(ow)-3.774 G 3.774(ns).25 G(ome)
-3.774 E .799(mailers and is hardly e)102 264.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.299
(rn).15 G(ecessary)-3.299 E 5.799(.M)-.65 G .799(ode \231b\232 deli)
-5.799 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .799(rs promptly b).15 F .798(ut can cause lar)
-.2 F .798(ge numbers of)-.18 F .223(processes if you ha)102 276.6 R
.524 -.15(ve a m)-.2 H .224(ailer that tak).15 F .224
(es a long time to deli)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.724(ram).15 G 2.724
(essage. Mode)-2.724 F .224(\231q\232 minimizes the)2.724 F .597
(load on your machine, b)102 288.6 R .597(ut means that deli)-.2 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G .596(ry may be delayed for up to the queue interv).15 F 3.096
(al. Mode)-.25 F .039(\231d\232 is identical to mode \231q\232 e)102
300.6 R .039(xcept that it also pre)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .04
(nts all the early map lookups from w).15 F .04(orking; it is)-.1 F .086
(intended for `)102 312.6 R .086(`dial on demand')-.74 F 2.586('s)-.74 G
.085(ites where DNS lookups might cost real mone)-2.586 F 3.885 -.65
(y. S)-.15 H .085(ome simple error).65 F .817
(messages \(e.g., host unkno)102 324.6 R .817
(wn during the SMTP protocol\) will be delayed using this mode.)-.25 F
(Mode)5.818 E(\231b\232 is the usual def)102 336.6 Q(ault.)-.1 E .052(If you run in mode \231q\232 \(queue only\), \231d\232 \(defer\), or \231b\232 \(deli)
127 352.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.552(ri).15 G 2.552(nb)-2.552 G(ackground\))
-2.552 E F2(sendmail)2.551 E F1(will)2.551 E 1.391(not e)102 364.8 R
1.392(xpand aliases and follo)-.15 F 3.892(w.)-.25 G(forw)-3.892 E 1.392
(ard \214les upon initial receipt of the mail.)-.1 F 1.392
(This speeds up the)6.392 F(response to RCPT commands.)102 376.8 Q
(Mode \231i\232 cannot be used by the SMTP serv)5 E(er)-.15 E(.)-.55 E
F0 2.5(4.6. Log)87 400.8 R(Le)2.5 E -.1(ve)-.15 G(l).1 E F1 .19(The le)
127 417 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.69(lo).15 G 2.69(fl)-2.69 G .19
(ogging can be set for)-2.69 F F2(sendmail)2.689 E F1 5.189(.T)C .189
(he def)-5.189 F .189(ault using a standard con\214guration table)-.1 F
(is le)102 429 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l9).15 G 5(.T)-2.5 G(he le)-5 E -.15
(ve)-.25 G(ls are as follo).15 E(ws:)-.25 E 31(0M)102 445.2 S
(inimal logging.)-31 E 31(1S)102 461.4 S(erious system f)-31 E
(ailures and potential security problems.)-.1 E 31(2L)102 477.6 S
(ost communications \(netw)-31 E(ork problems\) and protocol f)-.1 E
(ailures.)-.1 E 31(3O)102 493.8 S 1.237(ther serious f)-31 F 1.237
(ailures, malformed addresses, transient forw)-.1 F 1.238
(ard/include errors, connection)-.1 F(timeouts.)138 505.8 Q 31(4M)102
522 S(inor f)-31 E(ailures, out of date alias databases, connection rejections via check_ rulesets.)
-.1 E 31(5M)102 538.2 S(essage collection statistics.)-31 E 31(6C)102
554.4 S(reation of error messages, VRFY and EXPN commands.)-31 E 31(7D)
102 570.6 S(eli)-31 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry f).15 E
(ailures \(host or user unkno)-.1 E(wn, etc.\).)-.25 E 31(8S)102 586.8 S
(uccessful deli)-31 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ries and alias database reb).15 E
(uilds.)-.2 E 31(9M)102 603 S
(essages being deferred \(due to a host being do)-31 E(wn, etc.\).)-.25
E 23.5(10 Database)102 619.2 R -.15(ex)2.5 G(pansion \(alias, forw).15 E
(ard, and userdb lookups\).)-.1 E 23.5(11 NIS)102 635.4 R
(errors and end of job processing.)2.5 E 23.5(12 Logs)102 651.6 R
(all SMTP connections.)2.5 E 23.5(13 Log)102 667.8 R(bad user shells, \214les with improper permissions, and other questionable situations.)
2.5 E 23.5(14 Logs)102 684 R(refused connections.)2.5 E 23.5(15 Log)102
700.2 R(all incoming and outgoing SMTP commands.)2.5 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-27)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 23.5(20 Logs)102 96 R .603
(attempts to run lock)3.103 F .603(ed queue \214les.)-.1 F .603
(These are not errors, b)5.603 F .603(ut can be useful to note if)-.2 F
(your queue appears to be clogged.)138 108 Q 23.5(30 Lost)102 124.2 R
(locks \(only if using lockf instead of \215ock\).)2.5 E(Additionally)
102 140.4 Q 2.716(,v)-.65 G .216(alues abo)-2.966 F .516 -.15(ve 6)-.15
H 2.716(4a).15 G .216(re reserv)-2.716 F .216(ed for e)-.15 F .216
(xtremely v)-.15 F .216(erbose deb)-.15 F .216(ugging output.)-.2 F .217
(No normal site)5.216 F -.1(wo)102 152.4 S(uld e).1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5
(rs).15 G(et these.)-2.5 E F0 2.5(4.7. File)87 176.4 R(Modes)2.5 E F1
.264(The modes used for \214les depend on what functionality you w)127
192.6 R .264(ant and the le)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.763(lo).15 G 2.763
(fs)-2.763 G .263(ecurity you)-2.763 F 2.56(require. In)102 204.6 R(man)
2.56 E 2.56(yc)-.15 G(ases)-2.56 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.56
E F1 .061
(does careful checking of the modes of \214les and directories to a)2.56
F -.2(vo)-.2 G(id).2 E 1.336(accidental compromise; if you w)102 216.6 R
1.336(ant to mak)-.1 F 3.836(ei)-.1 G 3.836(tp)-3.836 G 1.336
(ossible to ha)-3.836 F 1.635 -.15(ve g)-.2 H 1.335
(roup-writable support \214les you).15 F(may need to use the)102 228.6 Q
F0(DontBlameSendmail)2.5 E F1(option to turn of)2.5 E 2.5(fs)-.25 G
(ome of these checks.)-2.5 E F0 2.5(4.7.1. T)102 252.6 R 2.5(os)-.92 G
(uid or not to suid?)-2.5 E F2(Sendmail)142 268.8 Q F1 .66
(is normally installed setuid to root.)3.16 F .66
(At the point where it is about to)5.66 F F2 -.2(ex)3.161 G(ec).2 E F1
.661(\(2\) a)1.666 F(mailer)117 280.8 Q 3.679(,i)-.4 G 3.679(tc)-3.679 G
1.178(hecks to see if the userid is zero \(root\); if so, it resets the userid and groupid to a)
-3.679 F(def)117 292.8 Q 1.391(ault \(set by the)-.1 F F0(U=)3.891 E F1
1.392(equate in the mailer line; if that is not set, the)3.891 F F0
(DefaultUser)3.892 E F1 1.392(option is)3.892 F 2.848(used\). This)117
304.8 R .348(can be o)2.848 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .347
(rridden by setting the).15 F F0(S)2.847 E F1 .347
(\215ag to the mailer for mailers that are trusted and)2.847 F .541
(must be called as root.)117 316.8 R(Ho)5.541 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
1.341 -.4(r, t).15 H .541
(his will cause mail processing to be accounted \(using).4 F F2(sa)3.041
E F1(\(8\)\))1.666 E(to root rather than to the user sending the mail.)
117 328.8 Q .339(If you don')142 345 R 2.839(tm)-.18 G(ak)-2.839 E(e)-.1
E F2(sendmail)2.839 E F1 .339(setuid to root, it will still run b)2.839
F .339(ut you lose a lot of functional-)-.2 F .007(ity and a lot of pri)
117 357 R -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G 2.507(,s)-.5 G .008(ince you')
-2.507 F .008(ll ha)-.1 F .308 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.508(om).15 G(ak)-2.508
E 2.508(et)-.1 G .008(he queue directory w)-2.508 F .008(orld readable.)
-.1 F -1.1(Yo)5.008 G 2.508(uc)1.1 G(ould)-2.508 E .501(also mak)117 369
R(e)-.1 E F2(sendmail)3.001 E F1 .501(setuid to some pseudo-user \(e.g., create a user called \231sendmail\232 and mak)
3.001 F(e)-.1 E F2(sendmail)117 381 Q F1 1.533
(setuid to that\) which will \214x the pri)4.033 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.834
-.15(cy p).25 H 1.534(roblems b).15 F 1.534
(ut not the functionality issues.)-.2 F .642(Also, this isn')117 393 R
3.142(tag)-.18 G .641(uarantee of security: for e)-3.142 F .641
(xample, root occasionally sends mail, and the dae-)-.15 F 1.483
(mon often runs as root.)117 405 R 1.483(Note ho)6.483 F(we)-.25 E -.15
(ve)-.25 G 3.983(rt).15 G(hat)-3.983 E F2(sendmail)3.983 E F1 1.483
(must run as root in order to create the)3.983 F(SMTP listener sock)117
417 Q(et.)-.1 E 2.839(Am)142 433.2 S .339(iddle ground is to mak)-2.839
F(e)-.1 E F2(sendmail)2.839 E F1 .339(setuid to root, b)2.839 F .338
(ut set the)-.2 F F0(RunAsUser)2.838 E F1 2.838(option. This)2.838 F
(causes)117 445.2 Q F2(sendmail)2.572 E F1 .072(to become the indicated user as soon as it has done the startup that requires root)
2.572 F(pri)117 457.2 Q(vile)-.25 E 1.226(ges \(primarily)-.15 F 3.726
(,o)-.65 G 1.225(pening the)-3.726 F/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(SMTP)3.725 E
F1(sock)3.725 E 3.725(et\). If)-.1 F 1.225(you use)3.725 F F0(RunAsUser)
3.725 E F1 3.725(,t)C 1.225(he queue directory)-3.725 F(\(normally)117
469.2 Q F2(/var/spool/mqueue)2.921 E F1 2.921(\)s)C .421(hould be o)
-2.921 F .421(wned by that user)-.25 F 2.922(,a)-.4 G .422
(nd all \214les and databases \(includ-)-2.922 F 1.175(ing user)117
481.2 R F2(.forwar)3.675 E(d)-.37 E F1 1.175
(\214les, alias \214les, :include: \214les, and e)3.675 F 1.175
(xternal databases\) must be readable by)-.15 F .386(that user)117 493.2
R(.)-.55 E F0(RunAsUser)5.386 E F1 .386
(is probably best suited for \214re)2.886 F -.1(wa)-.25 G .386
(ll con\214gurations that don').1 F 2.887(th)-.18 G -2.25 -.2(av e)
-2.887 H(re)3.087 E(gular)-.15 E(user logins.)117 505.2 Q F0 2.5
(4.7.2. T)102 529.2 R(ur)-.92 E(ning off security checks)-.15 E F2
(Sendmail)142 545.4 Q F1 .648(is v)3.148 F .648
(ery particular about the modes of \214les that it reads or writes.)-.15
F -.15(Fo)5.648 G 3.148(re).15 G(xample,)-3.298 E .25(by def)117 557.4 R
.251(ault it will refuse to read most \214les that are group writable on the grounds that the)
-.1 F 2.751(ym)-.15 G(ight)-2.751 E(ha)117 569.4 Q 1.216 -.15(ve b)-.2 H
.916(een tampered with by someone other than the o).15 F .916
(wner; it will e)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.416(nr).15 G .916
(efuse to read \214les in)-3.416 F(group writable directories.)117 581.4
Q .437(If you are)142 597.6 R F2(quite)2.937 E F1 .437
(sure that your con\214guration is safe and you w)2.937 F(ant)-.1 E F2
(sendmail)2.938 E F1 .438(to a)2.938 F -.2(vo)-.2 G .438(id these).2 F
1.187(security checks, you can turn of)117 609.6 R 3.687(fc)-.25 G 1.187
(ertain checks using the)-3.687 F F0(DontBlameSendmail)3.686 E F1 3.686
(option. This)3.686 F 1.389(option tak)117 621.6 R 1.389
(es one or more names that disable checks.)-.1 F 1.39
(In the descriptions that follo)6.389 F 2.69 -.65(w, \231)-.25 H(unsafe)
.65 E(directory\232 means a directory that is writable by an)117 633.6 Q
(yone other than the o)-.15 E(wner)-.25 E 5(.T)-.55 G(he v)-5 E
(alues are:)-.25 E 15.73(Safe No)117 649.8 R(special handling.)2.5 E
(AssumeSafeCho)117 666 Q(wn)-.25 E .77(Assume that the)153 678 R F2 -.15
(ch)3.27 G(own).15 E F1 .769(system call is restricted to root.)3.27 F
.769(Since some v)5.769 F .769(ersions of Unix)-.15 F .865(permit re)153
690 R .865(gular users to gi)-.15 F 1.166 -.15(ve aw)-.25 H .866
(ay their \214les to other users on some \214lesystems,).05 F F2(send-)
3.366 E(mail)153 702 Q F1 .457(often cannot assume that a gi)2.957 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.956<6e8c>.15 G .456(le w)-2.956 F .456
(as created by the o)-.1 F(wner)-.25 E 2.956(,p)-.4 G .456
(articularly when)-2.956 F 1.474(it is in a writable directory)153 714 R
6.475(.Y)-.65 G 1.475(ou can set this \215ag if you kno)-7.575 F 3.975
(wt)-.25 G 1.475(hat \214le gi)-3.975 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -2.3 -.15(aw a)
.15 H 3.975(yi).15 G(s)-3.975 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-28 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(restricted on your system.)153 96 Q(ClassFileInUnsafeDirP)117 112.2 Q
(ath)-.15 E .494(When reading class \214les \(using the)153 124.2 R F0
(F)2.993 E F1 .493(line in the con\214guration \214le\), allo)2.993 F
2.993<778c>-.25 G .493(les that are)-2.993 F(in unsafe directories.)153
136.2 Q(ErrorHeaderInUnsafeDirP)117 152.4 Q(ath)-.15 E(Allo)153 164.4 Q
2.5(wt)-.25 G(he \214le named in the)-2.5 E F0(Err)2.5 E(orHeader)-.18 E
F1(option to be in an unsafe directory)2.5 E(.)-.65 E(GroupWritableDirP)
117 180.6 Q(athSafe)-.15 E .224(Change the de\214nition of \231unsafe directory\232 to consider group-writable directories to be)
153 192.6 R 2.5(safe. W)153 204.6 R(orld-writable directories are al)-.8
E -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys unsafe.).1 E(GroupWritableF)117 220.8 Q(orw)-.15 E
(ardFileSafe)-.1 E(Accept group-writable)153 232.8 Q/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(.forwar)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F1(\214les.)2.5 E
(GroupWritableIncludeFileSafe)117 249 Q(Accept group-writable)153 261 Q
F2(:include:)2.5 E F1(\214les.)2.5 E(GroupWritableAliasFile)117 277.2 Q
(Allo)153 289.2 Q 2.5(wg)-.25 G(roup-writable alias \214les.)-2.5 E
(HelpFileInUnsafeDirP)117 305.4 Q(ath)-.15 E(Allo)153 317.4 Q 2.5(wt)
-.25 G(he \214le named in the)-2.5 E F0(HelpFile)2.5 E F1
(option to be in an unsafe directory)2.5 E(.)-.65 E -.8(Wo)117 333.6 S
(rldWritableAliasFile).8 E(Accept w)153 345.6 Q
(orld-writable alias \214les.)-.1 E -.15(Fo)117 361.8 S(rw).15 E
(ardFileInGroupWritableDirP)-.1 E(ath)-.15 E(Allo)153 373.8 Q(w)-.25 E
F2(.forwar)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F1(\214les in group writable directories.)2.5
E(IncludeFileInGroupWritableDirP)117 390 Q(ath)-.15 E(Allo)153 402 Q(w)
-.25 E F2(:include:)2.5 E F1(\214les in group writable directories.)2.5
E -.15(Fo)117 418.2 S(rw).15 E(ardFileInUnsafeDirP)-.1 E(ath)-.15 E
(Allo)153 430.2 Q(w)-.25 E F2(.forwar)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F1
(\214les in unsafe directories.)2.5 E(IncludeFileInUnsafeDirP)117 446.4
Q(ath)-.15 E(Allo)153 458.4 Q(w)-.25 E F2(:include:)2.5 E F1
(\214les in unsafe directories.)2.5 E -.15(Fo)117 474.6 S(rw).15 E
(ardFileInUnsafeDirP)-.1 E(athSafe)-.15 E(Allo)153 486.6 Q 2.612(wa)-.25
G F2(.forwar)A(d)-.37 E F1 .112(\214le that is in an unsafe directory to include references to program and)
2.612 F(\214les.)153 498.6 Q(IncludeFileInUnsafeDirP)117 514.8 Q
(athSafe)-.15 E(Allo)153 526.8 Q 3.705(wa)-.25 G F2(:include:)A F1 1.206
(\214le that is in an unsafe directory to include references to program)
3.705 F(and \214les.)153 538.8 Q(MapInUnsafeDirP)117 555 Q(ath)-.15 E
(Allo)153 567 Q 2.5(wm)-.25 G(aps \(e.g.,)-2.5 E F2(hash)2.5 E F1(,)A F2
(btr)2.5 E(ee)-.37 E F1 2.5(,a)C(nd)-2.5 E F2(dbm)2.5 E F1
(\214les\) in unsafe directories.)2.5 E(Link)117 583.2 Q
(edAliasFileInWritableDir)-.1 E(Allo)153 595.2 Q 2.5(wa)-.25 G 2.5(na)
-2.5 G(lias \214le that is a link in a writable directory)-2.5 E(.)-.65
E(Link)117 611.4 Q(edClassFileInWritableDir)-.1 E(Allo)153 623.4 Q 2.5
(wc)-.25 G(lass \214les that are links in writable directories.)-2.5 E
(Link)117 639.6 Q(edF)-.1 E(orw)-.15 E(ardFileInWritableDir)-.1 E(Allo)
153 651.6 Q(w)-.25 E F2(.forwar)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F1
(\214les that are links in writable directories.)2.5 E(Link)117 667.8 Q
(edIncludeFileInWritableDir)-.1 E(Allo)153 679.8 Q(w)-.25 E F2
(:include:)2.5 E F1(\214les that are links in writable directories.)2.5
E(Link)117 696 Q(edMapInWritableDir)-.1 E(Allo)153 708 Q 2.5(wm)-.25 G
(ap \214les that are links in writable directories.)-2.5 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-29)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(Link)117 96 Q
(edServiceSwitchFileInWritableDir)-.1 E(Allo)153 108 Q 2.5(wt)-.25 G
(he service switch \214le to be a link e)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni)
.15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he directory is writable.)-2.5 E(FileDeli)117 124.2
Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ryT).15 E(oHardLink)-.8 E(Allo)153 136.2 Q 2.5(wd)-.25
G(eli)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry to \214les that are hard links.).15 E
(FileDeli)117 152.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ryT).15 E(oSymLink)-.8 E(Allo)153
164.4 Q 2.5(wd)-.25 G(eli)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ry to \214les that are symbolic links.).15 E(RunProgramInUnsafeDirP)117
180.6 Q(ath)-.15 E
(Go ahead and run programs that are in writable directories.)153 192.6 Q
(RunWritableProgram)117 208.8 Q
(Go ahead and run programs that are group- or w)153 220.8 Q
(orld-writable.)-.1 E(WriteMapT)117 237 Q(oHardLink)-.8 E(Allo)153 249 Q
2.5(ww)-.25 G(rites to maps that are hard links.)-2.5 E(WriteMapT)117
265.2 Q(oSymLink)-.8 E(Allo)153 277.2 Q 2.5(ww)-.25 G
(rites to maps that are symbolic links.)-2.5 E(WriteStatsT)117 293.4 Q
(oHardLink)-.8 E(Allo)153 305.4 Q 2.5(wt)-.25 G
(he status \214le to be a hard link.)-2.5 E(WriteStatsT)117 321.6 Q
(oSymLink)-.8 E(Allo)153 333.6 Q 2.5(wt)-.25 G
(he status \214le to be a symbolic link.)-2.5 E F0 2.5(4.8. Connection)
87 357.6 R(Caching)2.5 E F1 .642(When processing the queue,)127 373.8 R
/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.142 E F1 .642(will try to k)3.142 F
.642(eep the last fe)-.1 F 3.142(wo)-.25 G .642(pen connections open to)
-3.142 F -.2(avo)102 385.8 S(id startup and shutdo).2 E(wn costs.)-.25 E
(This only applies to IPC connections.)5 E .286
(When trying to open a connection the cache is \214rst searched.)127 402
R .287(If an open connection is found,)5.286 F 1.034
(it is probed to see if it is still acti)102 414 R 1.333 -.15(ve b)-.25
H 3.533(ys).15 G 1.033(ending a)-3.533 F/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(RSET)
3.533 E F1 3.533(command. It)3.533 F 1.033(is not an error if this f)
3.533 F(ails;)-.1 E(instead, the connection is closed and reopened.)102
426 Q -1 -.8(Tw o)127 442.2 T .408
(parameters control the connection cache.)3.708 F(The)5.408 E F0
(ConnectionCacheSize)2.908 E F1(\()2.908 E F0(k)A F1 2.908(\)o)C .408
(ption de\214nes)-2.908 F .145
(the number of simultaneous open connections that will be permitted.)102
454.2 R .145(If it is set to zero, connections)5.145 F .212
(will be closed as quickly as possible.)102 466.2 R .212(The def)5.212 F
.212(ault is one.)-.1 F .213(This should be set as appropriate for your)
5.212 F .63
(system size; it will limit the amount of system resources that)102
478.2 R F2(sendmail)3.129 E F1 .629(will use during queue runs.)3.129 F
(Ne)102 490.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rs).15 G(et this higher than 4.)-2.5
E(The)127 506.4 Q F0(ConnectionCacheT)2.74 E(imeout)-.18 E F1(\()2.741 E
F0(K)A F1 2.741(\)o)C .241(ption speci\214es the maximum time that an)
-2.741 F 2.741(yc)-.15 G .241(ached con-)-2.741 F .9
(nection will be permitted to idle.)102 518.4 R .899
(When the idle time e)5.9 F .899(xceeds this v)-.15 F .899
(alue the connection is closed.)-.25 F .34
(This number should be small \(under ten minutes\) to pre)102 530.4 R
-.15(ve)-.25 G .34(nt you from grabbing too man).15 F 2.84(yr)-.15 G
(esources)-2.84 E(from other hosts.)102 542.4 Q(The def)5 E
(ault is \214v)-.1 E 2.5(em)-.15 G(inutes.)-2.5 E F0 2.5(4.9. Name)87
566.4 R(Ser)2.5 E -.1(ve)-.1 G 2.5(rA).1 G(ccess)-2.5 E F1 .104
(Control of host address lookups is set by the)127 582.6 R F0(hosts)
2.604 E F1 .103(service entry in your service switch \214le.)2.603 F(If)
5.103 E .99(you are on a system that has b)102 594.6 R .99
(uilt-in service switch support \(e.g., Ultrix, Solaris, or DEC OSF/1\))
-.2 F .336(then your system is probably con\214gured properly already)
102 606.6 R 5.335(.O)-.65 G(therwise,)-5.335 E F2(sendmail)2.835 E F1
.335(will consult the \214le)2.835 F F0(/etc/ser)102 618.6 Q
(vice.switch)-.1 E F1 3.775(,w)C 1.276(hich should be created.)-3.775 F
F2(Sendmail)6.276 E F1 1.276(only uses tw)3.776 F 3.776(oe)-.1 G
(ntries:)-3.776 E F0(hosts)3.776 E F1(and)3.776 E F0(aliases)3.776 E F1
(,)A .147(although system routines may use other services \(notably the)
102 630.6 R F0(passwd)2.646 E F1 .146(service for user name lookups)
2.646 F(by)102 642.6 Q F2 -.1(ge)2.5 G(tpwname).1 E F1(\).)A(Ho)127
658.8 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.51 -.4(r, s).15 H .711
(ome systems \(such as SunOS 4.X\) will do DNS lookups re).4 F -.05(ga)
-.15 G .711(rdless of the setting).05 F 1.029
(of the service switch entry)102 670.8 R 6.029(.I)-.65 G 3.529(np)-6.029
G(articular)-3.529 E 3.529(,t)-.4 G 1.029(he system routine)-3.529 F F2
-.1(ge)3.529 G(thostbyname).1 E F1 1.028(\(3\) is used to look up)B
1.868(host names, and man)102 682.8 R 4.368(yv)-.15 G 1.868(endor v)
-4.518 F 1.869
(ersions try some combination of DNS, NIS, and \214le lookup in)-.15 F
1.731(/etc/hosts without consulting a service switch.)102 694.8 R F2
(Sendmail)6.731 E F1(mak)4.231 E 1.731(es no attempt to w)-.1 F 1.73
(ork around this)-.1 F .367(problem, and the DNS lookup will be done an)
102 706.8 R(yw)-.15 E(ay)-.1 E 5.368(.I)-.65 G 2.868(fy)-5.368 G .368
(ou do not ha)-2.868 F .668 -.15(ve a n)-.2 H(ameserv).15 E .368
(er con\214gured at)-.15 F .464(all, such as at a UUCP-only site,)102
718.8 R F2(sendmail)2.964 E F1 .464
(will get a \231connection refused\232 message when it tries to)2.964 F
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-30 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .423
(connect to the name serv)102 96 R(er)-.15 E 5.423(.I)-.55 G 2.923(ft)
-5.423 G(he)-2.923 E F0(hosts)2.923 E F1 .424
(switch entry has the service \231dns\232 listed some)2.923 F .424
(where in the)-.25 F(list,)102 108 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)
3.313 E F1 .813(will interpret this to mean a temporary f)3.313 F .813
(ailure and will queue the mail for later pro-)-.1 F
(cessing; otherwise, it ignores the name serv)102 120 Q(er data.)-.15 E
.672(The same technique is used to decide whether to do MX lookups.)127
136.2 R .673(If you w)5.673 F .673(ant MX support,)-.1 F(you)102 148.2 Q
F2(must)2.5 E F1(ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve \231)-.2 H
(dns\232 listed as a service in the).15 E F0(hosts)2.5 E F1
(switch entry)2.5 E(.)-.65 E(The)127 164.4 Q F0(Resolv)3.87 E(erOptions)
-.1 E F1(\()3.87 E F0(I)A F1 3.869(\)o)C 1.369(ption allo)-3.869 F 1.369
(ws you to tweak name serv)-.25 F 1.369(er options.)-.15 F 1.369
(The command)6.369 F .892(line tak)102 176.4 R .892
(es a series of \215ags as documented in)-.1 F F2 -.37(re)3.392 G
(solver).37 E F1 .892(\(3\) \(with the leading \231RES_\232 deleted\).)B
(Each)5.892 E(can be preceded by an optional `+' or `)102 188.4 Q/F3 10
/Symbol SF(-)A F1 2.5('. F)B(or e)-.15 E(xample, the line)-.15 E 2.5(OR)
142 204.6 S(esolv)-2.5 E(erOptions=+AA)-.15 E(ONL)-.55 E(Y)-1 E F3(-)2.5
E F1(DNSRCH)A .862(turns on the AA)102 220.8 R(ONL)-.55 E 3.362(Y\()-1 G
.862(accept authoritati)-3.362 F 1.162 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .861
(nswers only\) and turns of).15 F 3.361(ft)-.25 G .861
(he DNSRCH \(search the)-3.361 F 2.039(domain path\) options.)102 232.8
R 2.039(Most resolv)7.039 F 2.039(er libraries def)-.15 F 2.039
(ault DNSRCH, DEFN)-.1 F 2.039(AMES, and RECURSE)-.35 F .503
(\215ags on and all others of)102 244.8 R 3.003(f. Y)-.25 F .503
(ou can also include \231HasW)-1.1 F .503
(ildcardMX\232 to specify that there is a wild-)-.4 F 1.972
(card MX record matching your domain; this turns of)102 256.8 R 4.472
(fM)-.25 G 4.473(Xm)-4.472 G 1.973(atching when canonifying names,)
-4.473 F(which can lead to inappropriate canoni\214cations.)102 268.8 Q
-1.11(Ve)127 285 S 2.257(rsion le)1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.757(l1c).15 G
2.256(on\214gurations turn DNSRCH and DEFN)-4.757 F 2.256(AMES of)-.35 F
4.756(fw)-.25 G 2.256(hen doing deli)-4.756 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E
2.06(lookups, b)102 297 R 2.06(ut lea)-.2 F 2.36 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.06
(hem on e).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.06(rywhere else.).15 F -1.11(Ve)7.06 G
2.06(rsion 8 of)1.11 F F2(sendmail)4.56 E F1 2.06
(ignores them when doing)4.56 F .313
(canoni\214cation lookups \(that is, when using $[ ... $]\), and al)102
309 R -.1(wa)-.1 G .313(ys does the search.).1 F .313(If you don')5.313
F 2.812(tw)-.18 G(ant)-2.912 E(to do automatic name e)102 321 Q
(xtension, don')-.15 E 2.5(tc)-.18 G(all $[ ... $].)-2.5 E .485
(The search rules for $[ ... $] are some)127 337.2 R .485(what dif)-.25
F .485(ferent than usual.)-.25 F .486(If the name being look)5.485 F
.486(ed up)-.1 F .11(has at least one dot, it al)102 349.2 R -.1(wa)-.1
G .11(ys tries the unmodi\214ed name \214rst.).1 F .109(If that f)5.109
F .109(ails, it tries the reduced search)-.1 F .124
(path, and lastly tries the unmodi\214ed name \(b)102 361.2 R .124
(ut only for names without a dot, since names with a dot)-.2 F(ha)102
373.2 Q .789 -.15(ve a)-.2 H .489(lready been tried\).).15 F .489
(This allo)5.489 F .489(ws names such as `)-.25 F(`utc.CS')-.74 E 2.989
('t)-.74 G 2.988(om)-2.989 G .488(atch the site in Czechoslo)-2.988 F
-.25(va)-.15 G(kia).25 E 1.587
(rather than the site in your local Computer Science department.)102
385.2 R 1.588(It also prefers A and CN)6.587 F(AME)-.35 E .513
(records o)102 397.2 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.013(rM).15 G 3.013(Xr)-3.013 G
.513(ecords \212 that is, if it \214nds an MX record it mak)-3.013 F
.512(es note of it, b)-.1 F .512(ut k)-.2 F .512(eeps looking.)-.1 F
1.541(This w)102 409.2 R(ay)-.1 E 4.041(,i)-.65 G 4.041(fy)-4.041 G
1.541(ou ha)-4.041 F 1.841 -.15(ve a w)-.2 H 1.541
(ildcard MX record matching your domain, it will not assume that all).15
F(names match.)102 421.2 Q 3.454 -.8(To c)127 437.4 T 1.853
(ompletely turn of).8 F 4.353(fa)-.25 G 1.853(ll name serv)-4.353 F
1.853(er access on systems without service switch support)-.15 F .941
(\(such as SunOS 4.X\) you will ha)102 449.4 R 1.242 -.15(ve t)-.2 H
3.442(or).15 G .942(ecompile with \255DN)-3.442 F .942
(AMED_BIND=0 and remo)-.35 F 1.242 -.15(ve \255)-.15 H(lresolv).15 E
(from the list of libraries to be searched when linking.)102 461.4 Q F0
2.5(4.10. Mo)87 485.4 R(ving the P)-.1 E(er)-.2 E(-User F)-.37 E
(orward Files)-.25 E F1 .772(Some sites mount each user')127 501.6 R
3.272(sh)-.55 G .772(ome directory from a local disk on their w)-3.272 F
.772(orkstation, so that)-.1 F .575(local access is f)102 513.6 R 3.075
(ast. Ho)-.1 F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.375 -.4(r, t).15 H .575
(he result is that .forw).4 F .575(ard \214le lookups are slo)-.1 F
4.376 -.65(w. I)-.25 H 3.076(ns).65 G .576(ome cases, mail)-3.076 F .216
(can e)102 525.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.716(nb).15 G 2.716(ed)-2.716 G(eli)
-2.716 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .216
(red on machines inappropriately because of a \214le serv).15 F .216
(er being do)-.15 F 2.716(wn. The)-.25 F(perfor)2.716 E(-)-.2 E
(mance can be especially bad if you run the automounter)102 537.6 Q(.)
-.55 E(The)127 553.8 Q F0 -.25(Fo)2.743 G(rwardP).25 E(ath)-.1 E F1(\()
2.743 E F0(J)A F1 2.743(\)o)C .243(ption allo)-2.743 F .243
(ws you to set a path of forw)-.25 F .243(ard \214les.)-.1 F -.15(Fo)
5.243 G 2.743(re).15 G .244(xample, the con-)-2.893 F(\214g \214le line)
102 565.8 Q 2.5(OF)142 582 S(orw)-2.65 E(ardP)-.1 E(ath=/v)-.15 E
(ar/forw)-.25 E(ard/$u:$z/.forw)-.1 E(ard.$w)-.1 E -.1(wo)102 598.2 S
.208(uld \214rst look for a \214le with the same name as the user').1 F
2.707(sl)-.55 G .207(ogin in /v)-2.707 F(ar/forw)-.25 E .207
(ard; if that is not found)-.1 F 1.17
(\(or is inaccessible\) the \214le `)102 610.2 R(`.forw)-.74 E(ard.)-.1
E F2(mac)A(hinename)-.15 E F1 2.651 -.74('' i)D 3.671(nt).74 G 1.171
(he user')-3.671 F 3.671(sh)-.55 G 1.171(ome directory is searched.)
-3.671 F(A)6.171 E(truly perv)102 622.2 Q
(erse site could also search by sender by using $r)-.15 E 2.5(,$)-.4 G
(s, or $f.)-2.5 E .69(If you create a directory such as /v)127 638.4 R
(ar/forw)-.25 E .69(ard, it should be mode 1777 \(that is, the stick)-.1
F 3.19(yb)-.15 G(it)-3.19 E .134(should be set\).)102 650.4 R .134
(Users should create the \214les mode 644.)5.134 F .135
(Note that you must use the forw)5.134 F(ard\214leinun-)-.1 E 1.1
(safedirpath and forw)102 662.4 R 1.1(ard\214leinunsafedirpathsafe \215ags with the DontBlameSendmail option to allo)
-.1 F(w)-.25 E(forw)102 674.4 Q 1.168(ard \214les in a w)-.1 F 1.169
(orld writable directory)-.1 F 6.169(.T)-.65 G 1.169
(his might also be used as a denial of service attack)-6.169 F .635
(\(users could create forw)102 686.4 R .635
(ard \214les for other users\); a better approach might be to create /v)
-.1 F(ar/forw)-.25 E(ard)-.1 E .661
(mode 755 and create empty \214les for each user)102 698.4 R 3.161(,o)
-.4 G .661(wned by that user)-3.411 F 3.161(,m)-.4 G .661(ode 644.)
-3.161 F .661(If you do this, you)5.661 F(don')102 710.4 Q 2.5(th)-.18 G
-2.25 -.2(av e)-2.5 H
(to set the DontBlameSendmail options indicated abo)2.7 E -.15(ve)-.15 G
(.).15 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-31)195.86 E 2.5(4.11. Fr)87 96 R(ee Space)-.18 E/F1 10
/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.406(On systems that ha)127 112.2 R 1.706 -.15(ve o)
-.2 H 1.405(ne of the system calls in the).15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
(statfs)3.905 E F1 1.405(\(2\) f)B 1.405(amily \(including)-.1 F F2
(statvfs)3.905 E F1(and)3.905 E F2(ustat)102 124.2 Q F1 .839(\), you can specify a minimum number of free blocks on the queue \214lesystem using the)
B F0(Min-)3.34 E(Fr)102 136.2 Q(eeBlocks)-.18 E F1(\()2.554 E F0(b)A F1
2.554(\)o)C 2.553(ption. If)-2.554 F .053(there are fe)2.553 F .053
(wer than the indicated number of blocks free on the \214lesystem)-.25 F
1.354(on which the queue is mounted the SMTP serv)102 148.2 R 1.355
(er will reject mail with the 452 error code.)-.15 F(This)6.355 E(in)102
160.2 Q(vites the SMTP client to try ag)-.4 E(ain later)-.05 E(.)-.55 E
(Be)127 176.4 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G .746(re of setting this option too high; it can cause rejection of email when that mail w)
.1 F(ould)-.1 E(be processed without dif)102 188.4 Q(\214culty)-.25 E(.)
-.65 E F0 2.5(4.12. Maximum)87 212.4 R(Message Size)2.5 E F1 2.077 -.8
(To a)127 228.6 T -.2(vo).6 G .477(id o).2 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(r\215o).15 E
.478(wing your system with a lar)-.25 F .478(ge message, the)-.18 F F0
(MaxMessageSize)2.978 E F1 .478(option can be)2.978 F .693
(set to set an absolute limit on the size of an)102 240.6 R 3.193(yo)
-.15 G .693(ne message.)-3.193 F .692(This will be adv)5.692 F .692
(ertised in the ESMTP)-.15 F(dialogue and check)102 252.6 Q
(ed during message collection.)-.1 E F0 2.5(4.13. Pri)87 276.6 R -.1(va)
-.1 G(cy Flags).1 E F1(The)127 292.8 Q F0(Pri)2.96 E -.1(va)-.1 G
(cyOptions).1 E F1(\()2.96 E F0(p)A F1 2.96(\)o)C .46(ption allo)-2.96 F
.46(ws you to set certain `)-.25 F(`pri)-.74 E -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy)
.25 G 1.94 -.74('' \215).15 H 2.96(ags. Actually).74 F 2.96(,m)-.65 G
(an)-2.96 E 2.96(yo)-.15 G(f)-2.96 E .534(them don')102 304.8 R 3.034
(tg)-.18 G -2.15 -.25(iv e)-3.034 H .534(you an)3.284 F 3.034(ye)-.15 G
.534(xtra pri)-3.184 F -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G 3.034(,r)-.5 G .534
(ather just insisting that client SMTP serv)-3.034 F .533
(ers use the HELO)-.15 F 2.87
(command before using certain commands or adding e)102 316.8 R 2.87
(xtra headers to indicate possible spoof)-.15 F(attempts.)102 328.8 Q
.124(The option tak)127 345 R .124
(es a series of \215ag names; the \214nal pri)-.1 F -.25(va)-.25 G .424
-.15(cy i).25 H 2.624(st).15 G .124(he inclusi)-2.624 F .424 -.15(ve o)
-.25 H 2.624(ro).15 G 2.624(ft)-2.624 G .123(hose \215ags.)-2.624 F -.15
(Fo)5.123 G(r).15 E -.15(ex)102 357 S(ample:).15 E 2.5(OP)142 373.2 S
(ri)-2.5 E -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G(Options=needmailhelo, noe).15 E
(xpn)-.15 E .928(insists that the HELO or EHLO command be used before a MAIL command is accepted and dis-)
102 389.4 R(ables the EXPN command.)102 401.4 Q
(The \215ags are detailed in section 5.6.)127 417.6 Q F0 2.5(4.14. Send)
87 441.6 R(to Me T)2.5 E(oo)-.92 E F1(Normally)127 457.8 Q(,)-.65 E F2
(sendmail)3.424 E F1 .924(deletes the \(en)3.424 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .923
(lope\) sender from an).15 F 3.423(yl)-.15 G .923(ist e)-3.423 F 3.423
(xpansions. F)-.15 F .923(or e)-.15 F .923(xample, if)-.15 F .761(\231matt\232 sends to a list that contains \231matt\232 as one of the members he w)
102 469.8 R(on')-.1 E 3.261(tg)-.18 G .761(et a cop)-3.261 F 3.261(yo)
-.1 G 3.261(ft)-3.261 G .761(he mes-)-3.261 F 2.883(sage. If)102 481.8 R
(the)2.883 E F0<ad6d>2.883 E F1 .383
(\(me too\) command line \215ag, or if the)2.883 F F0(MeT)2.883 E(oo)
-.92 E F1(\()2.882 E F0(m)A F1 2.882(\)o)C .382
(ption is set in the con\214guration)-2.882 F(\214le, this beha)102
493.8 Q(viour is suppressed.)-.2 E(Some sites lik)5 E 2.5(et)-.1 G 2.5
(or)-2.5 G(un the)-2.5 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(SMTP)2.5 E F1
(daemon with)2.5 E F0<ad6d>2.5 E F1(.)A F0 2.5(5. THE)72 517.8 R
(WHOLE SCOOP ON THE CONFIGURA)2.5 E(TION FILE)-.95 E F1
(This section describes the con\214guration \214le in detail.)112 534 Q
.648(There is one point that should be made clear immediately: the syntax of the con\214guration \214le is)
112 550.2 R 1.077
(designed to be reasonably easy to parse, since this is done e)87 562.2
R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.076(ry time).15 F F2(sendmail)3.576 E F1 1.076
(starts up, rather than)3.576 F(easy for a human to read or write.)87
574.2 Q(On the \231future project\232 list is a con\214guration-\214le compiler)
5 E(.)-.55 E .243(The con\214guration \214le is or)112 590.4 R -.05(ga)
-.18 G .243(nized as a series of lines, each of which be).05 F .243
(gins with a single charac-)-.15 F .102
(ter de\214ning the semantics for the rest of the line.)87 602.4 R .102
(Lines be)5.102 F .102(ginning with a space or a tab are continuation)
-.15 F 1.322
(lines \(although the semantics are not well de\214ned in man)87 614.4 R
3.823(yp)-.15 G 3.823(laces\). Blank)-3.823 F 1.323(lines and lines be)
3.823 F(ginning)-.15 E(with a sharp symbol \(`#'\) are comments.)87
626.4 Q F0 2.5(5.1. R)87 650.4 R(and S \212 Rewriting Rules)2.5 E F1
.466(The core of address parsing are the re)127 666.6 R .466
(writing rules.)-.25 F .465(These are an ordered production system.)
5.466 F F2(Sendmail)102 678.6 Q F1 .19(scans through the set of re)2.69
F .19
(writing rules looking for a match on the left hand side \(LHS\) of)-.25
F(the rule.)102 690.6 Q(When a rule matches, the address is replaced by the right hand side \(RHS\) of the rule.)
5 E .922(There are se)127 706.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .922(ral sets of re).15
F .921(writing rules.)-.25 F .921(Some of the re)5.921 F .921
(writing sets are used internally and)-.25 F .359(must ha)102 718.8 R
.659 -.15(ve s)-.2 H .359(peci\214c semantics.).15 F .359(Other re)5.359
F .359(writing sets do not ha)-.25 F .659 -.15(ve s)-.2 H .36
(peci\214cally assigned semantics, and).15 F EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-32 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(may be referenced by the mailer de\214nitions or by other re)102 96 Q
(writing sets.)-.25 E(The syntax of these tw)127 112.2 Q 2.5(oc)-.1 G
(ommands are:)-2.5 E F0(S)142 128.4 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F1
.249(Sets the current ruleset being collected to)102 144.6 R F2(n)2.749
E F1 5.249(.I)C 2.748(fy)-5.249 G .248(ou be)-2.748 F .248
(gin a ruleset more than once it appends to the)-.15 F
(old de\214nition.)102 156.6 Q F0(R)142 172.8 Q F2(lhs rhs comments)A F1
1.185(The \214elds must be separated by at least one tab character; there may be embedded spaces in the)
102 189 R 2.595(\214elds. The)102 201 R F2(lhs)2.595 E F1 .095
(is a pattern that is applied to the input.)2.595 F .095
(If it matches, the input is re)5.095 F .094(written to the)-.25 F F2
(rhs)2.594 E F1(.)A(The)102 213 Q F2(comments)2.5 E F1(are ignored.)2.5
E .755(Macro e)127 229.2 R .755(xpansions of the form)-.15 F F0($)3.255
E F2(x)A F1 .755(are performed when the con\214guration \214le is read.)
3.255 F(Expan-)5.755 E .577(sions of the form)102 241.2 R F0($&)3.077 E
F2(x)A F1 .577(are performed at run time using a some)3.077 F .577
(what less general algorithm.)-.25 F .577(This is)5.577 F
(intended only for referencing internally de\214ned macros such as)102
253.2 Q F0($h)2.5 E F1(that are changed at runtime.)2.5 E F0 2.5
(5.1.1. The)102 277.2 R(left hand side)2.5 E F1 2.77
(The left hand side of re)142 293.4 R 2.771
(writing rules contains a pattern.)-.25 F 2.771(Normal w)7.771 F 2.771
(ords are simply)-.1 F(matched directly)117 305.4 Q 5(.M)-.65 G
(etasyntax is introduced using a dollar sign.)-5 E(The metasymbols are:)
5 E F0($*)157 321.6 Q F1(Match zero or more tok)10.14 E(ens)-.1 E F0($+)
157 333.6 Q F1(Match one or more tok)9.44 E(ens)-.1 E F0<24ad>157 345.6
Q F1(Match e)9.44 E(xactly one tok)-.15 E(en)-.1 E F0($=)157 357.6 Q F2
(x)A F1(Match an)5 E 2.5(yp)-.15 G(hrase in class)-2.5 E F2(x)2.5 E F0
($~)157 369.6 Q F2(x)A F1(Match an)7.37 E 2.5(yw)-.15 G
(ord not in class)-2.6 E F2(x)2.5 E F1 .132(If an)117 385.8 R 2.632(yo)
-.15 G 2.632(ft)-2.632 G .132(hese match, the)-2.632 F 2.632(ya)-.15 G
.132(re assigned to the symbol)-2.632 F F0($)2.632 E F2(n)A F1 .131
(for replacement on the right hand side,)2.632 F(where)117 397.8 Q F2(n)
2.5 E F1(is the inde)2.5 E 2.5(xi)-.15 G 2.5(nt)-2.5 G(he LHS.)-2.5 E
-.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample, if the LHS:)-2.65 E($\255:$+)157 414 Q
(is applied to the input:)117 430.2 Q(UCB)157 446.4 Q(ARP)-.35 E(A:eric)
-.92 E(the rule will match, and the v)117 462.6 Q
(alues passed to the RHS will be:)-.25 E 7.5($1 UCB)157 478.8 R(ARP)-.35
E(A)-.92 E 7.5($2 eric)157 490.8 R(Additionally)142 511.2 Q 2.704(,t)
-.65 G .204(he LHS can include)-2.704 F F0($@)2.704 E F1 .204
(to match zero tok)2.704 F 2.704(ens. This)-.1 F(is)2.704 E F2(not)2.704
E F1 .204(bound to a)2.704 F F0($)2.705 E F2(n)A F1(on)2.705 E(the RHS, and is normally only used when it stands alone in order to match the null input.)
117 523.2 Q F0 2.5(5.1.2. The)102 547.2 R(right hand side)2.5 E F1 .649
(When the left hand side of a re)142 563.4 R .649
(writing rule matches, the input is deleted and replaced by)-.25 F 1.036
(the right hand side.)117 575.4 R -.8(To)6.036 G -.1(ke).8 G 1.036
(ns are copied directly from the RHS unless the).1 F 3.537(yb)-.15 G
-.15(eg)-3.537 G 1.037(in with a dollar).15 F 2.5(sign. Metasymbols)117
587.4 R(are:)2.5 E F0($)157 603.6 Q F2(n)A F1
(Substitute inde\214nite tok)40.55 E(en)-.1 E F2(n)2.5 E F1(from LHS)2.5
E F0($[)157 615.6 Q F2(name)A F0($])A F1(Canonicalize)12.23 E F2(name)
2.5 E F0($\()157 627.6 Q F2(map k)A -.3(ey)-.1 G F0($@)2.8 E F2(ar)A
(guments)-.37 E F0($:)2.5 E F2(default)A F0($\))2.5 E F1(Generalized k)
207.55 639.6 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G(ed mapping function).15 E F0($>)157 651.6 Q
F2(n)A F1(\231Call\232 ruleset)34.85 E F2(n)2.5 E F0($#)157 663.6 Q F2
(mailer)A F1(Resolv)14.44 E 2.5(et)-.15 G(o)-2.5 E F2(mailer)2.5 E F0
($@)157 675.6 Q F2(host)A F1(Specify)19.58 E F2(host)2.5 E F0($:)157
687.6 Q F2(user)A F1(Specify)25 E F2(user)2.5 E F1(The)142 708 Q F0($)
3.137 E F2(n)A F1 .637(syntax substitutes the corresponding v)3.137 F
.637(alue from a)-.25 F F0($+)3.137 E F1(,)A F0<24ad>3.137 E F1(,)A F0
($*)3.137 E F1(,)A F0($=)3.137 E F1 3.137(,o)C(r)-3.137 E F0($~)3.137 E
F1 .636(match on)3.136 F(the LHS.)117 720 Q(It may be used an)5 E
(ywhere.)-.15 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-33)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 2.705(Ah)142 96 S .205
(ost name enclosed between)-2.705 F F0($[)2.705 E F1(and)2.705 E F0($])
2.706 E F1 .206(is look)2.706 F .206
(ed up in the host database\(s\) and replaced)-.1 F 1.683
(by the canonical name)117 110 R/F2 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(15)-4 I F1 6.683
(.F)4 K 1.683(or e)-6.833 F 1.683
(xample, \231$[ftp$]\232 might become \231ftp.CS.Berk)-.15 F(ele)-.1 E
-.65(y.)-.15 G 1.683(EDU\232 and).65 F 3.17
(\231$[[128.32.130.2]$]\232 w)117 122 R 3.17(ould become \231v)-.1 F
(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU.).65 E<9a>-.7 E/F3
10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Sendmail)8.17 E F1 3.17(recognizes its)5.67 F
(numeric IP address without calling the name serv)117 134 Q
(er and replaces it with its canonical name.)-.15 E(The)142 150.2 Q F0
($\()3.004 E F1(...)3.004 E F0($\))5.504 E F1 .503(syntax is a more general form of lookup; it uses a named map instead of an)
3.003 F .809(implicit map.)117 162.2 R .809
(If no lookup is found, the indicated)5.809 F F3(default)3.309 E F1 .81
(is inserted; if no def)3.309 F .81(ault is speci\214ed)-.1 F .776
(and no lookup matches, the v)117 174.2 R .776(alue is left unchanged.)
-.25 F(The)5.776 E F3(ar)3.276 E(guments)-.37 E F1 .775
(are passed to the map for)3.275 F(possible use.)117 186.2 Q(The)142
202.4 Q F0($>)2.619 E F3(n)A F1 .119(syntax causes the remainder of the line to be substituted as usual and then passed)
2.619 F .587(as the ar)117 214.4 R .587(gument to ruleset)-.18 F F3(n)
3.087 E F1 5.587(.T)C .587(he \214nal v)-5.587 F .586(alue of ruleset)
-.25 F F3(n)3.086 E F1 .586(then becomes the substitution for this)3.086
F 3.758(rule. The)117 226.4 R F0($>)3.758 E F1 1.258(syntax e)3.758 F
1.258(xpands e)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.259
(rything after the ruleset name to the end of the replacement).15 F .976
(string and then passes that as the initial input to the ruleset.)117
238.4 R(Recursi)5.976 E 1.276 -.15(ve c)-.25 H .976(alls are allo).15 F
3.476(wed. F)-.25 F(or)-.15 E -.15(ex)117 250.4 S(ample,).15 E
($>0 $>3 $1)157 266.6 Q -.15(ex)117 282.8 S(pands $1, passes that to ruleset 3, and then passes the result of ruleset 3 to ruleset 0.)
.15 E(The)142 299 Q F0($#)2.507 E F1 .007(syntax should)2.507 F F3(only)
2.507 E F1 .008
(be used in ruleset zero or a subroutine of ruleset zero.)2.507 F .008
(It causes)5.008 F -.25(eva)117 311 S .685
(luation of the ruleset to terminate immediately).25 F 3.184(,a)-.65 G
.684(nd signals to)-3.184 F F3(sendmail)3.184 E F1 .684
(that the address has)3.184 F(completely resolv)117 323 Q 2.5(ed. The)
-.15 F(complete syntax is:)2.5 E F0($#)157 339.2 Q F3(mailer)A F0($@)2.5
E F3(host)A F0($:)2.5 E F3(user)A F1 1.394(This speci\214es the {mailer)
117 355.4 R 3.894(,h)-.4 G 1.394
(ost, user} 3-tuple necessary to direct the mailer)-3.894 F 6.394(.I)
-.55 G 3.894(ft)-6.394 G 1.394(he mailer is)-3.894 F .774
(local the host part may be omitted)117 369.4 R F2(16)-4 I F1 5.774(.T)4
K(he)-5.774 E F3(mailer)3.274 E F1 .775(must be a single w)3.274 F .775
(ord, b)-.1 F .775(ut the)-.2 F F3(host)3.275 E F1(and)3.275 E F3(user)
3.275 E F1 .253(may be multi-part.)117 381.4 R .253(If the)5.253 F F3
(mailer)2.753 E F1 .253(is the b)2.753 F .253(uiltin IPC mailer)-.2 F
2.753(,t)-.4 G(he)-2.753 E F3(host)2.753 E F1 .253
(may be a colon-separated list)2.753 F .5
(of hosts that are searched in order for the \214rst w)117 393.4 R .5
(orking address \(e)-.1 F .5(xactly lik)-.15 F 3(eM)-.1 G 3(Xr)-3 G 3
(ecords\). The)-3 F F3(user)117 405.4 Q F1 .036(is later re)2.536 F .036
(written by the mailer)-.25 F .036(-speci\214c en)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.4 G
.036(lope re).15 F .036(writing set and assigned to the)-.25 F F0($u)
2.536 E F1(macro.)2.536 E .162
(As a special case, if the mailer speci\214ed has the)117 417.4 R F0
(F=@)2.662 E F1 .163
(\215ag speci\214ed and the \214rst character of the)2.662 F F0($:)117
429.4 Q F1 -.25(va)3.377 G .877
(lue is \231@\232, the \231@\232 is stripped of).25 F .876
(f, and a \215ag is set in the address descriptor that causes)-.25 F
(sendmail to not do ruleset 5 processing.)117 441.4 Q(Normally)142 457.6
Q 3.251(,ar)-.65 G .751
(ule that matches is retried, that is, the rule loops until it f)-3.251
F 3.252(ails. A)-.1 F .752(RHS may)3.252 F 1.086(also be preceded by a)
117 469.6 R F0($@)3.586 E F1 1.085(or a)3.585 F F0($:)3.585 E F1 1.085
(to change this beha)3.585 F(vior)-.2 E 6.085(.A)-.55 G F0($@)-2.5 E F1
1.085(pre\214x causes the ruleset to)3.585 F 1.46
(return with the remainder of the RHS as the v)117 481.6 R 3.96(alue. A)
-.25 F F0($:)3.96 E F1 1.46(pre\214x causes the rule to terminate)3.96 F
(immediately)117 493.6 Q 3.756(,b)-.65 G 1.256
(ut the ruleset to continue; this can be used to a)-3.956 F -.2(vo)-.2 G
1.256(id continued application of a).2 F 2.5(rule. The)117 505.6 R
(pre\214x is stripped before continuing.)2.5 E(The)142 521.8 Q F0($@)2.5
E F1(and)2.5 E F0($:)2.5 E F1(pre\214x)2.5 E(es may precede a)-.15 E F0
($>)2.5 E F1(spec; for e)2.5 E(xample:)-.15 E 20.19(R$+ $:)157 538 R
($>7 $1)2.5 E 1.256(matches an)117 554.2 R 1.256
(ything, passes that to ruleset se)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.256
(n, and continues; the).15 F F0($:)3.756 E F1 1.256(is necessary to a)
3.756 F -.2(vo)-.2 G 1.256(id an).2 F(in\214nite loop.)117 566.2 Q 1.205
(Substitution occurs in the order described, that is, parameters from the LHS are substi-)
142 582.4 R .219(tuted, hostnames are canonicalized, \231subroutines\232 are called, and \214nally)
117 594.4 R F0($#)2.719 E F1(,)A F0($@)2.719 E F1 2.72(,a)C(nd)-2.72 E
F0($:)2.72 E F1 .22(are pro-)2.72 F(cessed.)117 606.4 Q .32 LW 76 655.6
72 655.6 DL 80 655.6 76 655.6 DL 84 655.6 80 655.6 DL 88 655.6 84 655.6
DL 92 655.6 88 655.6 DL 96 655.6 92 655.6 DL 100 655.6 96 655.6 DL 104
655.6 100 655.6 DL 108 655.6 104 655.6 DL 112 655.6 108 655.6 DL 116
655.6 112 655.6 DL 120 655.6 116 655.6 DL 124 655.6 120 655.6 DL 128
655.6 124 655.6 DL 132 655.6 128 655.6 DL 136 655.6 132 655.6 DL 140
655.6 136 655.6 DL 144 655.6 140 655.6 DL 148 655.6 144 655.6 DL 152
655.6 148 655.6 DL 156 655.6 152 655.6 DL 160 655.6 156 655.6 DL 164
655.6 160 655.6 DL 168 655.6 164 655.6 DL 172 655.6 168 655.6 DL 176
655.6 172 655.6 DL 180 655.6 176 655.6 DL 184 655.6 180 655.6 DL 188
655.6 184 655.6 DL 192 655.6 188 655.6 DL 196 655.6 192 655.6 DL 200
655.6 196 655.6 DL 204 655.6 200 655.6 DL 208 655.6 204 655.6 DL 212
655.6 208 655.6 DL 216 655.6 212 655.6 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(15)93.6
666 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(This is actually completely equi)3.2 I -.2
(va)-.2 G(lent to $\(host).2 E/F6 8/Times-Italic@0 SF(hostname)2 E F5 2
($\). In)B(particular)2 E 2(,a)-.32 G/F7 8/Times-Bold@0 SF($:)A F5(def)2
E(ault can be used.)-.08 E F4(16)93.6 679.6 Q F5 -.88(Yo)3.2 K 2.726(um)
.88 G .726(ay w)-2.726 F .726
(ant to use it for special \231per user\232 e)-.08 F 2.726(xtensions. F)
-.12 F .726(or e)-.12 F .725
(xample, in the address \231jgm+foo@CMU.EDU\232; the \231+foo\232)-.12 F
(part is not part of the user name, and is passed to the local mailer for local use.)
72 692.4 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-34 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(5.1.3. Semantics)102 96 R
(of r)2.5 E(ewriting rule sets)-.18 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.848
(There are six re)142 112.2 R 1.847(writing sets that ha)-.25 F 2.147
-.15(ve s)-.2 H 1.847(peci\214c semantics.).15 F(Fi)6.847 E 2.147 -.15
(ve o)-.25 H 4.347(ft).15 G 1.847(hese are related as)-4.347 F
(depicted by \214gure 1.)117 124.2 Q 1.029
(Ruleset three should turn the address into \231canonical form.)142
140.4 R 6.029<9a54>-.7 G 1.03(his form should ha)-6.029 F 1.33 -.15
(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E(basic syntax:)117 152.4 Q
(local-part@host-domain-spec)157 168.6 Q(Ruleset three is applied by)117
184.8 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.5 E F1(before doing an)2.5 E
(ything with an)-.15 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G(ddress.)-2.5 E .302
(If no \231@\232 sign is speci\214ed, then the host-domain-spec)142 201
R F2(may)2.801 E F1 .301(be appended \(box \231D\232 in Fig-)2.801 F
.577(ure 1\) from the sender address \(if the)117 213 R F0(C)3.077 E F1
.577(\215ag is set in the mailer de\214nition corresponding to the)3.077
F F2(sending)117 225 Q F1(mailer\).)2.5 E 1.021(Ruleset zero is applied after ruleset three to addresses that are going to actually specify)
142 241.2 R 3.663(recipients. It)117 253.2 R 1.163(must resolv)3.663 F
3.663(et)-.15 G 3.664(oa)-3.663 G F2({mailer)A 3.664(,h)-1.11 G 1.164
(ost, user})-3.664 F F1 3.664(triple. The)3.664 F F2(mailer)3.664 E F1
1.164(must be de\214ned in the)3.664 F .752
(mailer de\214nitions from the con\214guration \214le.)117 265.2 R(The)
5.751 E F2(host)3.251 E F1 .751(is de\214ned into the)3.251 F F0($h)
3.251 E F1 .751(macro for use in)3.251 F(the ar)117 277.2 Q(gv e)-.18 E
(xpansion of the speci\214ed mailer)-.15 E(.)-.55 E .452
(Rulesets one and tw)142 293.4 R 2.952(oa)-.1 G .452
(re applied to all sender and recipient addresses respecti)-2.952 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.453(.T)-.65 G(he)-5.453 E(y)-.15 E
(are applied before an)117 305.4 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G
(peci\214cation in the mailer de\214nition.)-2.5 E(The)5 E 2.5(ym)-.15 G
(ust ne)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rr).15 G(esolv)-2.5 E(e.)-.15 E 1.266
(Ruleset four is applied to all addresses in the message.)142 321.6 R
1.265(It is typically used to translate)6.265 F(internal to e)117 333.6
Q(xternal form.)-.15 E .652(In addition, ruleset 5 is applied to all local addresses \(speci\214cally)
142 349.8 R 3.153(,t)-.65 G .653(hose that resolv)-3.153 F 3.153(et)-.15
G 3.153(oa)-3.153 G .296
(mailer with the `F=5' \215ag set\) that do not ha)117 361.8 R .596 -.15
(ve a)-.2 H 2.796(liases. This).15 F(allo)2.796 E .296
(ws a last minute hook for local)-.25 F(names.)117 373.8 Q F0 2.5
(5.1.4. Ruleset)102 397.8 R(hooks)2.5 E F1 3.814(Af)142 414 S 1.814 -.25
(ew e)-3.814 H 1.315(xtra rulesets are de\214ned as \231hooks\232 that can be de\214ned to get special features.)
.1 F(The)117 426 Q 3.468(ya)-.15 G .968(re all named rulesets.)-3.468 F
.968(The \231check_*\232 forms all gi)5.968 F 1.268 -.15(ve a)-.25 H
.968(ccept/reject status; f).15 F .967(alling of)-.1 F 3.467(ft)-.25 G
(he)-3.467 E .502
(end or returning normally is an accept, and resolving to)117 438 R F0
($#err)3.002 E(or)-.18 E F1 .502(is a reject.)3.002 F(Man)5.502 E 3.002
(yo)-.15 G 3.002(ft)-3.002 G .502(hese can)-3.002 F .166(also resolv)117
450 R 2.666(et)-.15 G 2.666(ot)-2.666 G .166(he special mailer)-2.666 F
F0($#discard)2.666 E F1 2.666(;t)C .166
(his accepts the message as though it were success-)-2.666 F(ful b)117
462 Q(ut then discards it without deli)-.2 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E(.)
-.65 E .4 LW 77 486 72 486 DL 79 486 74 486 DL 84 486 79 486 DL 89 486
84 486 DL 94 486 89 486 DL 99 486 94 486 DL 104 486 99 486 DL 109 486
104 486 DL 114 486 109 486 DL 119 486 114 486 DL 124 486 119 486 DL 129
486 124 486 DL 134 486 129 486 DL 139 486 134 486 DL 144 486 139 486 DL
149 486 144 486 DL 154 486 149 486 DL 159 486 154 486 DL 164 486 159 486
DL 169 486 164 486 DL 174 486 169 486 DL 179 486 174 486 DL 184 486 179
486 DL 189 486 184 486 DL 194 486 189 486 DL 199 486 194 486 DL 204 486
199 486 DL 209 486 204 486 DL 214 486 209 486 DL 219 486 214 486 DL 224
486 219 486 DL 229 486 224 486 DL 234 486 229 486 DL 239 486 234 486 DL
244 486 239 486 DL 249 486 244 486 DL 254 486 249 486 DL 259 486 254 486
DL 264 486 259 486 DL 269 486 264 486 DL 274 486 269 486 DL 279 486 274
486 DL 284 486 279 486 DL 289 486 284 486 DL 294 486 289 486 DL 299 486
294 486 DL 304 486 299 486 DL 309 486 304 486 DL 314 486 309 486 DL 319
486 314 486 DL 324 486 319 486 DL 329 486 324 486 DL 334 486 329 486 DL
339 486 334 486 DL 344 486 339 486 DL 349 486 344 486 DL 354 486 349 486
DL 359 486 354 486 DL 364 486 359 486 DL 369 486 364 486 DL 374 486 369
486 DL 379 486 374 486 DL 384 486 379 486 DL 389 486 384 486 DL 394 486
389 486 DL 399 486 394 486 DL 404 486 399 486 DL 409 486 404 486 DL 414
486 409 486 DL 419 486 414 486 DL 424 486 419 486 DL 429 486 424 486 DL
434 486 429 486 DL 439 486 434 486 DL 444 486 439 486 DL 449 486 444 486
DL 454 486 449 486 DL 459 486 454 486 DL 464 486 459 486 DL 469 486 464
486 DL 474 486 469 486 DL 479 486 474 486 DL 484 486 479 486 DL 489 486
484 486 DL 494 486 489 486 DL 499 486 494 486 DL 504 486 499 486 DL
(addr)91.915 580.6 Q 133.2 578.4 111.6 578.4 DL 133.2 578.4 MT -7.2 1.8
RL 0 -3.6 RL CL BL 133.2 578.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0 -3.6 RL CL ST 154.8
589.2 MT 0 -21.6 RL -21.6 0 RL 0 21.6 RL CL ST(3)141.5 580.6 Q 176.4
578.4 154.8 578.4 DL 176.4 578.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0 -3.6 RL CL BL 176.4
578.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0 -3.6 RL CL ST 198 589.2 MT 0 -21.6 RL -21.6 0 RL
0 21.6 RL CL ST(D)183.59 580.6 Q 219.6 578.4 198 578.4 DL 277.2 560.4
255.6 560.4 DL 277.2 560.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0 -3.6 RL CL BL 277.2 560.4 MT
-7.2 1.8 RL 0 -3.6 RL CL ST 298.8 571.2 MT 0 -21.6 RL -21.6 0 RL 0 21.6
RL CL ST(1)285.5 562.6 Q 320.4 560.4 298.8 560.4 DL 320.4 560.4 MT -7.2
1.8 RL 0 -3.6 RL CL BL 320.4 560.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0 -3.6 RL CL ST 342
571.2 MT 0 -21.6 RL -21.6 0 RL 0 21.6 RL CL ST(S)328.42 562.6 Q 363.6
560.4 342 560.4 DL 277.2 596.4 255.6 596.4 DL 277.2 596.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL
0 -3.6 RL CL BL 277.2 596.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0 -3.6 RL CL ST 298.8 607.2
MT 0 -21.6 RL -21.6 0 RL 0 21.6 RL CL ST(2)285.5 598.6 Q 320.4 596.4
298.8 596.4 DL 320.4 596.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0 -3.6 RL CL BL 320.4 596.4 MT
-7.2 1.8 RL 0 -3.6 RL CL ST 342 607.2 MT 0 -21.6 RL -21.6 0 RL 0 21.6 RL
CL ST(R)327.865 598.6 Q 363.6 596.4 342 596.4 DL 421.2 578.4 399.6 578.4
DL 421.2 578.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0 -3.6 RL CL BL 421.2 578.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL
0 -3.6 RL CL ST 442.8 589.2 MT 0 -21.6 RL -21.6 0 RL 0 21.6 RL CL ST(4)
429.5 580.6 Q 464.4 578.4 442.8 578.4 DL 464.4 578.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0
-3.6 RL CL BL 464.4 578.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0 -3.6 RL CL ST(msg)466.865
580.6 Q 255.6 560.4 219.6 578.4 DL 255.6 596.4 219.6 578.4 DL 399.6
578.4 363.6 560.4 DL 399.6 578.4 363.6 596.4 DL 208.8 524.4 187.2 524.4
DL 208.8 524.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0 -3.6 RL CL BL 208.8 524.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL
0 -3.6 RL CL ST 230.4 535.2 MT 0 -21.6 RL -21.6 0 RL 0 21.6 RL CL ST(0)
217.1 526.6 Q 252 524.4 230.4 524.4 DL 252 524.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0 -3.6
RL CL BL 252 524.4 MT -7.2 1.8 RL 0 -3.6 RL CL ST(resolv)265.69 526.6 Q
(ed address)-.15 E 187.2 524.4 162 578.4 DL(Figure 1 \212 Re)216.045
626.4 Q(writing set semantics)-.25 E 2.5(D\212s)209.35 638.4 S
(ender domain addition)-2.5 E 2.5(S\212m)209.35 650.4 S(ailer)-2.5 E
(-speci\214c sender re)-.2 E(writing)-.25 E 2.5(R\212m)209.35 662.4 S
(ailer)-2.5 E(-speci\214c recipient re)-.2 E(writing)-.25 E 77 674.4 72
674.4 DL 79 674.4 74 674.4 DL 84 674.4 79 674.4 DL 89 674.4 84 674.4 DL
94 674.4 89 674.4 DL 99 674.4 94 674.4 DL 104 674.4 99 674.4 DL 109
674.4 104 674.4 DL 114 674.4 109 674.4 DL 119 674.4 114 674.4 DL 124
674.4 119 674.4 DL 129 674.4 124 674.4 DL 134 674.4 129 674.4 DL 139
674.4 134 674.4 DL 144 674.4 139 674.4 DL 149 674.4 144 674.4 DL 154
674.4 149 674.4 DL 159 674.4 154 674.4 DL 164 674.4 159 674.4 DL 169
674.4 164 674.4 DL 174 674.4 169 674.4 DL 179 674.4 174 674.4 DL 184
674.4 179 674.4 DL 189 674.4 184 674.4 DL 194 674.4 189 674.4 DL 199
674.4 194 674.4 DL 204 674.4 199 674.4 DL 209 674.4 204 674.4 DL 214
674.4 209 674.4 DL 219 674.4 214 674.4 DL 224 674.4 219 674.4 DL 229
674.4 224 674.4 DL 234 674.4 229 674.4 DL 239 674.4 234 674.4 DL 244
674.4 239 674.4 DL 249 674.4 244 674.4 DL 254 674.4 249 674.4 DL 259
674.4 254 674.4 DL 264 674.4 259 674.4 DL 269 674.4 264 674.4 DL 274
674.4 269 674.4 DL 279 674.4 274 674.4 DL 284 674.4 279 674.4 DL 289
674.4 284 674.4 DL 294 674.4 289 674.4 DL 299 674.4 294 674.4 DL 304
674.4 299 674.4 DL 309 674.4 304 674.4 DL 314 674.4 309 674.4 DL 319
674.4 314 674.4 DL 324 674.4 319 674.4 DL 329 674.4 324 674.4 DL 334
674.4 329 674.4 DL 339 674.4 334 674.4 DL 344 674.4 339 674.4 DL 349
674.4 344 674.4 DL 354 674.4 349 674.4 DL 359 674.4 354 674.4 DL 364
674.4 359 674.4 DL 369 674.4 364 674.4 DL 374 674.4 369 674.4 DL 379
674.4 374 674.4 DL 384 674.4 379 674.4 DL 389 674.4 384 674.4 DL 394
674.4 389 674.4 DL 399 674.4 394 674.4 DL 404 674.4 399 674.4 DL 409
674.4 404 674.4 DL 414 674.4 409 674.4 DL 419 674.4 414 674.4 DL 424
674.4 419 674.4 DL 429 674.4 424 674.4 DL 434 674.4 429 674.4 DL 439
674.4 434 674.4 DL 444 674.4 439 674.4 DL 449 674.4 444 674.4 DL 454
674.4 449 674.4 DL 459 674.4 454 674.4 DL 464 674.4 459 674.4 DL 469
674.4 464 674.4 DL 474 674.4 469 674.4 DL 479 674.4 474 674.4 DL 484
674.4 479 674.4 DL 489 674.4 484 674.4 DL 494 674.4 489 674.4 DL 499
674.4 494 674.4 DL 504 674.4 499 674.4 DL EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-35)195.86 E 2.5(5.1.4.1. check_r)117 96 R(elay)-.18 E/F1 10
/Times-Roman@0 SF(The)157 112.2 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.15(ch)2.5 G
(ec).15 E(k_r)-.2 E(elay)-.37 E F1
(ruleset is called after a connection is accepted.)2.5 E(It is passed)5
E(client.host.name $| client.host.address)172 128.4 Q(where)132 144.6 Q
F0($|)4.016 E F1 1.517(is a metacharacter separating the tw)4.017 F
4.017(op)-.1 G 4.017(arts. This)-4.017 F 1.517
(ruleset can reject connections)4.017 F(from v)132 156.6 Q
(arious locations.)-.25 E F0 2.5(5.1.4.2. check_mail)117 180.6 R F1(The)
157 196.8 Q F2 -.15(ch)3.723 G(ec).15 E(k_mail)-.2 E F1 1.223
(ruleset is passed the user name parameter of the)3.723 F/F3 9
/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.222(SMTP MAIL)3.723 F F1(com-)3.722 E 2.5(mand. It)
132 208.8 R(can accept or reject the address.)2.5 E F0 2.5
(5.1.4.3. check_r)117 232.8 R(cpt)-.18 E F1(The)157 249 Q F2 -.15(ch)
3.917 G(ec).15 E(k_r)-.2 E(cpt)-.37 E F1 1.417
(ruleset is passed the user name parameter of the)3.917 F F3 1.418
(SMTP RCPT)3.917 F F1(com-)3.918 E 2.5(mand. It)132 261 R
(can accept or reject the address.)2.5 E F0 2.5(5.1.4.4. check_compat)
117 285 R F1(The)157 301.2 Q F2 -.15(ch)2.5 G(ec).15 E(k_compat)-.2 E F1
(ruleset is passed)2.5 E(sender)172 317.4 Q
(-address $| recipient-address)-.2 E(where)132 333.6 Q F0($|)3.725 E F1
1.225(is a metacharacter separating the addresses.)3.725 F 1.225
(It can accept or reject mail transfer)6.225 F(between these tw)132
345.6 Q 2.5(oa)-.1 G(ddresses much lik)-2.5 E 2.5(et)-.1 G(he)-2.5 E F2
-.15(ch)2.5 G(ec).15 E(kcompat\(\))-.2 E F1(function.)2.5 E F0 2.5
(5.1.5. IPC)102 369.6 R(mailers)2.5 E F1 1.332
(Some special processing occurs if the ruleset zero resolv)142 385.8 R
1.333(es to an IPC mailer \(that is, a)-.15 F 1.179
(mailer that has \231[IPC]\232 listed as the P)117 397.8 R 1.179
(ath in the)-.15 F F0(M)3.679 E F1 1.179(con\214guration line.)3.679 F
1.178(The host name passed)6.178 F .168(after \231$@\232 has MX e)117
409.8 R .168(xpansion performed; this looks the name up in DNS to \214nd alternate deli)
-.15 F(v-)-.25 E(ery sites.)117 421.8 Q(The host name can also be pro)
142 438 Q(vided as a dotted quad in square brack)-.15 E(ets; for e)-.1 E
(xample:)-.15 E([128.32.149.78])157 454.2 Q(This causes direct con)117
470.4 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G(rsion of the numeric v).15 E
(alue to an IP host address.)-.25 E .214(The host name passed in after the \231$@\232 may also be a colon-separated list of hosts.)
142 486.6 R(Each)5.213 E .484(is separately MX e)117 498.6 R .484
(xpanded and the results are concatenated to mak)-.15 F 2.985(e\()-.1 G
.485(essentially\) one long MX)-2.985 F 3.465(list. The)117 510.6 R .964
(intent here is to create \231f)3.465 F(ak)-.1 E .964
(e\232 MX records that are not published in DNS for pri)-.1 F -.25(va)
-.25 G(te).25 E(internal netw)117 522.6 Q(orks.)-.1 E
(As a \214nal special case, the host name can be passed in as a te)142
538.8 Q(xt string in square brack)-.15 E(ets:)-.1 E([ucb)157 555 Q -.25
(va)-.15 G(x.berk).25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(edu]).65 E .312
(This form a)117 571.2 R -.2(vo)-.2 G .312(ids the MX mapping.).2 F F0
(N.B.:)5.312 E F2 .313(This is intended only for situations wher)2.812 F
2.813(ey)-.37 G .313(ou have a)-2.813 F .338(network \214r)117 583.2 R
-.15(ew)-.37 G .337(all or other host that will do special pr).15 F .337
(ocessing for all your mail, so that your MX)-.45 F -.37(re)117 595.2 S
(cor).37 E 3.958(dp)-.37 G 1.458(oints to a gate)-3.958 F 1.458(way mac)
-.15 F 1.458(hine; this mac)-.15 F 1.459(hine could then do dir)-.15 F
1.459(ect delivery to mac)-.37 F(hines)-.15 E .09
(within your local domain.)117 607.2 R .09(Use of this featur)5.09 F
2.59(ed)-.37 G(ir)-2.59 E .09
(ectly violates RFC 1123 section 5.3.5: it should)-.37 F
(not be used lightly)117 619.2 Q(.)-.55 E F0 2.5(5.2. D)87 643.2 R 2.5
<8a44>2.5 G(e\214ne Macr)-2.5 E(o)-.18 E F1 .081
(Macros are named with a single character or with a w)127 659.4 R .082
(ord in {braces}.)-.1 F .082(Single character names)5.082 F .45
(may be selected from the entire ASCII set, b)102 671.4 R .45(ut user)
-.2 F .45(-de\214ned macros should be selected from the set)-.2 F .446
(of upper case letters only)102 683.4 R 5.446(.L)-.65 G -.25(ow)-5.446 G
.446(er case letters and special symbols are used internally).25 F 5.446
(.L)-.65 G .446(ong names)-5.446 F(be)102 695.4 Q .913
(ginning with a lo)-.15 F .913
(wer case letter or a punctuation character are reserv)-.25 F .912
(ed for use by sendmail, so)-.15 F(user)102 707.4 Q
(-de\214ned long macro names should be)-.2 E
(gin with an upper case letter)-.15 E(.)-.55 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-36 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(The syntax for macro de\214nitions is:)127 96 Q F0(D)142 112.2 Q/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF 1.666(xv)C(al)-1.666 E F1(where)102 128.4 Q F2(x)
3.068 E F1 .568
(is the name of the macro \(which may be a single character or a w)3.068
F .569(ord in braces\) and)-.1 F F2(val)3.069 E F1(is)3.069 E .479
(the v)102 140.4 R .479(alue it should ha)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 5.479(.T)
.15 G .478(here should be no spaces gi)-5.479 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.978(nt)
.15 G .478(hat do not actually belong in the macro)-2.978 F -.25(va)102
152.4 S(lue.).25 E .494(Macros are interpolated using the construct)127
168.6 R F0($)2.994 E F2(x)A F1 2.994(,w)C(here)-2.994 E F2(x)2.994 E F1
.494(is the name of the macro to be inter)2.994 F(-)-.2 E 2.933
(polated. This)102 180.6 R .433
(interpolation is done when the con\214guration \214le is read, e)2.933
F .432(xcept in)-.15 F F0(M)2.932 E F1 2.932(lines. The)2.932 F(spe-)
2.932 E(cial construct)102 192.6 Q F0($&)2.5 E F2(x)A F1(can be used in)
2.5 E F0(R)2.5 E F1(lines to get deferred interpolation.)2.5 E
(Conditionals can be speci\214ed using the syntax:)127 208.8 Q($?x te)
142 225 Q(xt1 $| te)-.15 E(xt2 $.)-.15 E 1.127(This interpolates)102
241.2 R F2(te)3.627 E(xt1)-.2 E F1 1.127(if the macro)3.627 F F0($x)
3.627 E F1 1.128(is set, and)3.628 F F2(te)3.628 E(xt2)-.2 E F1 3.628
(otherwise. The)3.628 F 1.128(\231else\232 \()3.628 F F0($|)A F1 3.628
(\)c)C 1.128(lause may be)-3.628 F(omitted.)102 253.2 Q(Lo)127 269.4 Q
.58(wer case macro names are reserv)-.25 F .58(ed to ha)-.15 F .88 -.15
(ve s)-.2 H .58(pecial semantics, used to pass information in).15 F 1.56
(or out of)102 281.4 R F2(sendmail)4.06 E F1 4.06(,a)C 1.561
(nd special characters are reserv)-4.06 F 1.561(ed to pro)-.15 F 1.561
(vide conditionals, etc.)-.15 F 1.561(Upper case)6.561 F
(names \(that is,)102 293.4 Q F0($A)2.5 E F1(through)2.5 E F0($Z)2.5 E
F1 2.5(\)a)C(re speci\214cally reserv)-2.5 E
(ed for con\214guration \214le authors.)-.15 E 1.303(The follo)127 309.6
R 1.303(wing macros are de\214ned and/or used internally by)-.25 F F2
(sendmail)3.802 E F1 1.302(for interpolation into)3.802 F(ar)102 323.6 Q
(gv')-.18 E 2.792(sf)-.55 G .292(or mailers or for other conte)-2.792 F
2.793(xts. The)-.15 F .293(ones mark)2.793 F .293
(ed \207 are information passed into sendmail)-.1 F/F3 7/Times-Roman@0
SF(17)-4 I F1(,)4 I .036(the ones mark)102 335.6 R .036(ed \210 are information passed both in and out of sendmail, and the unmark)
-.1 F .035(ed macros are)-.1 F(passed out of sendmail b)102 347.6 Q
(ut are not otherwise used internally)-.2 E 5(.T)-.65 G
(hese macros are:)-5 E 13.06($a The)102 363.8 R
(origination date in RFC 822 format.)2.5 E(This is e)5 E
(xtracted from the Date: line.)-.15 E 12.5($b The)102 380 R
(current date in RFC 822 format.)2.5 E 13.06($c The)102 396.2 R .002
(hop count.)2.502 F .002(This is a count of the number of Recei)5.002 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G .003(d: lines plus the v).15 F .003(alue of the)-.25 F F0
<ad68>2.503 E F1(com-)2.503 E(mand line \215ag.)127 408.2 Q 12.5($d The)
102 424.4 R(current date in UNIX \(ctime\) format.)2.5 E 8.06
($e\207 \(Obsolete;)102 440.6 R 1.814
(use SmtpGreetingMessage option instead.\))4.314 F 1.814
(The SMTP entry message.)6.814 F 1.814(This is)6.814 F 2.008
(printed out when SMTP starts up.)127 452.6 R 2.008(The \214rst w)7.008
F 2.008(ord must be the)-.1 F F0($j)4.508 E F1 2.009
(macro as speci\214ed by)4.508 F 2.732(RFC821. Def)127 464.6 R .232
(aults to \231$j Sendmail $v ready at $b\232.)-.1 F .231
(Commonly rede\214ned to include the con-)5.231 F(\214guration v)127
476.6 Q(ersion number)-.15 E 2.5(,e)-.4 G
(.g., \231$j Sendmail $v/$Z ready at $b\232)-2.5 E 14.17($f The)102
492.8 R(en)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.4 G(lope sender \(from\) address.).15 E 12.5
($g The)102 509 R .017(sender address relati)2.517 F .317 -.15(ve t)-.25
H 2.517(ot).15 G .017(he recipient.)-2.517 F -.15(Fo)5.017 G 2.517(re)
.15 G .018(xample, if)-2.667 F F0($f)2.518 E F1 .018(is \231foo\232,)
2.518 F F0($g)2.518 E F1 .018(will be \231host!foo\232,)2.518 F
(\231foo@host.domain\232, or whate)127 521 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G
2.5(sa)-2.5 G(ppropriate for the recei)-2.5 E(ving mailer)-.25 E(.)-.55
E 12.5($h The)102 537.2 R(recipient host.)2.5 E
(This is set in ruleset 0 from the $@ \214eld of a parsed address.)5 E
14.72($i The)102 553.4 R(queue id, e.g., \231HAA12345\232.)2.5 E 9.72
($j\210 The)102 569.6 R(\231of)2.747 E .247
(\214cial\232 domain name for this site.)-.25 F .247
(This is fully quali\214ed if the full quali\214cation can be)5.247 F
3.093(found. It)127 581.6 R F2(must)3.093 E F1 .594(be rede\214ned to be the fully quali\214ed domain name if your system is not con-)
3.093 F(\214gured so that information can \214nd it automatically)127
593.6 Q(.)-.65 E 12.5($k The)102 609.8 R
(UUCP node name \(from the uname system call\).)2.5 E 9.72
($l\207 \(Obsolete;)102 626 R 1.282(use UnixFromLine option instead.\))
3.782 F 1.282(The format of the UNIX from line.)6.282 F(Unless)6.281 E
1.409(you ha)127 638 R 1.709 -.15(ve c)-.2 H 1.409
(hanged the UNIX mailbox format, you should not change the def).15 F
1.41(ault, which is)-.1 F(\231From $g)127 650 Q($d\232.)5 E 9.72($m The)
102 666.2 R .719(domain part of the)3.219 F F2 -.1(ge)3.219 G(thostname)
.1 E F1 .718(return v)3.219 F 3.218(alue. Under)-.25 F .718
(normal circumstances,)3.218 F F0($j)3.218 E F1 .718(is equi)3.218 F(v-)
-.25 E(alent to)127 678.2 Q F0($w)2.5 E(.$m)-.7 E F1(.)A .32 LW 76 687.8
72 687.8 DL 80 687.8 76 687.8 DL 84 687.8 80 687.8 DL 88 687.8 84 687.8
DL 92 687.8 88 687.8 DL 96 687.8 92 687.8 DL 100 687.8 96 687.8 DL 104
687.8 100 687.8 DL 108 687.8 104 687.8 DL 112 687.8 108 687.8 DL 116
687.8 112 687.8 DL 120 687.8 116 687.8 DL 124 687.8 120 687.8 DL 128
687.8 124 687.8 DL 132 687.8 128 687.8 DL 136 687.8 132 687.8 DL 140
687.8 136 687.8 DL 144 687.8 140 687.8 DL 148 687.8 144 687.8 DL 152
687.8 148 687.8 DL 156 687.8 152 687.8 DL 160 687.8 156 687.8 DL 164
687.8 160 687.8 DL 168 687.8 164 687.8 DL 172 687.8 168 687.8 DL 176
687.8 172 687.8 DL 180 687.8 176 687.8 DL 184 687.8 180 687.8 DL 188
687.8 184 687.8 DL 192 687.8 188 687.8 DL 196 687.8 192 687.8 DL 200
687.8 196 687.8 DL 204 687.8 200 687.8 DL 208 687.8 204 687.8 DL 212
687.8 208 687.8 DL 216 687.8 212 687.8 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(17)93.6
698.2 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(As of v)3.2 I
(ersion 8.6, all of these macros ha)-.12 E .24 -.12(ve r)-.16 H
(easonable def).12 E 2(aults. Pre)-.08 F(vious v)-.2 E
(ersions required that the)-.12 E 2(yb)-.12 G 2(ed)-2 G(e\214ned.)-2 E
EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-37)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 7.5($n\207 The)102 96 R
(name of the daemon \(for error messages\).)2.5 E(Def)5 E
(aults to \231MAILER-D)-.1 E(AEMON\232.)-.4 E 7.5($o\207 \(Obsolete:)102
112.2 R .65(use OperatorChars option instead.\))3.15 F .651
(The set of \231operators\232 in addresses.)5.651 F 3.151(Al)5.651 G
.651(ist of)-3.151 F .582(characters which will be considered tok)127
124.2 R .581(ens and which will separate tok)-.1 F .581
(ens when doing pars-)-.1 F 3.277(ing. F)127 136.2 R .777(or e)-.15 F
.777(xample, if \231@\232 were in the)-.15 F F0($o)3.278 E F1 .778
(macro, then the input \231a@b\232 w)3.278 F .778(ould be scanned as)-.1
F .628(three tok)127 148.2 R .628(ens: \231a,)-.1 F 3.128<9a99>-.7 G(@,)
-3.128 E 3.128<9a61>-.7 G .628(nd \231b)-3.128 F 4.527 -.7(.\232 D)-.4 H
(ef).7 E .627
(aults to \231.:@[]\232, which is the minimum set necessary to)-.1 F
.856(do RFC 822 parsing; a richer set of operators is \231.:%@!/[]\232, which adds support for UUCP)
127 160.2 R(,)-1.11 E(the %-hack, and X.400 addresses.)127 172.2 Q 12.5
($p Sendmail')102 188.4 R 2.5(sp)-.55 G(rocess id.)-2.5 E 7.5
($q\207 Def)102 204.6 R .404(ault format of sender address.)-.1 F(The)
5.404 E F0($q)2.903 E F1 .403(macro speci\214es ho)2.903 F 2.903(wa)-.25
G 2.903(na)-2.903 G .403(ddress should appear in a)-2.903 F 1.18
(message when it is def)127 216.6 R 3.681(aulted. Def)-.1 F 1.181
(aults to \231<$g>\232.)-.1 F 1.181
(It is commonly rede\214ned to be \231$?x$x)6.181 F(<$g>$|$g$.)127 228.6
Q 5<9a6f>-.7 G 2.5<7299>-5 G($g$?x \($x\)$.)-2.5 E
(\232, corresponding to the follo)-.7 E(wing tw)-.25 E 2.5(of)-.1 G
(ormats:)-2.5 E(Eric Allman <eric@CS.Berk)167 244.8 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)
-.15 G(EDU>).65 E(eric@CS.Berk)167 256.8 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G
(EDU \(Eric Allman\)).65 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Sendmail)127 273 Q F1
(properly quotes names that ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.2 H
(pecial characters if the \214rst form is used.).15 E 14.17($r Protocol)
102 289.2 R .977(used to recei)3.477 F 1.277 -.15(ve t)-.25 H .976
(he message.).15 F .976(Set from the)5.976 F F0<ad70>3.476 E F1 .976
(command line \215ag or by the SMTP)3.476 F(serv)127 301.2 Q(er code.)
-.15 E 13.61($s Sender')102 317.4 R 2.5(sh)-.55 G(ost name.)-2.5 E
(Set from the)5 E F0<ad70>2.5 E F1
(command line \215ag or by the SMTP serv)2.5 E(er code.)-.15 E 14.72
($t A)102 333.6 R(numeric representation of the current time.)2.5 E 12.5
($u The)102 349.8 R(recipient user)2.5 E(.)-.55 E 12.5($v The)102 366 R
-.15(ve)2.5 G(rsion number of the).15 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(binary)2.5
E(.)-.65 E 5.28($w\210 The)102 382.2 R(hostname of this site.)2.5 E
(This is the root name of this host \(b)5 E(ut see belo)-.2 E 2.5(wf)
-.25 G(or ca)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(ats\).).15 E 12.5($x The)102 398.4 R
(full name of the sender)2.5 E(.)-.55 E 13.06($z The)102 414.6 R
(home directory of the recipient.)2.5 E 12.5($_ The)102 430.8 R -.25(va)
2.5 G(lidated sender address.).25 E(${bodytype})102 447 Q
(The message body type \(7BIT or 8BITMIME\), as determined from the en)
127 459 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G(lope.).15 E(${client_addr})102 475.2 Q
(The IP address of the SMTP client.)127 487.2 Q
(De\214ned in the SMTP serv)5 E(er only)-.15 E(.)-.65 E(${client_name})
102 503.4 Q .24(The host name of the SMTP client.)127 515.4 R .241
(This may be the client')5.24 F 2.741(sb)-.55 G(rack)-2.741 E .241
(eted IP address in the form)-.1 F 3.292([n)127 527.4 S .792
(nn.nnn.nnn.nnn ] if the client')-3.292 F 3.292(sI)-.55 G 3.292(Pa)
-3.292 G .792(ddress is not resolv)-3.292 F 3.292(able. De\214ned)-.25 F
.792(in the SMTP serv)3.292 F(er)-.15 E(only)127 539.4 Q(.)-.65 E
(${client_port})102 555.6 Q(The port number of the SMTP client.)127
567.6 Q(De\214ned in the SMTP serv)5 E(er only)-.15 E(.)-.65 E(${en)102
583.8 Q(vid})-.4 E(The en)127 595.8 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G
(lope id passed to sendmail as part of the en).15 E -.15(ve)-.4 G(lope.)
.15 E(${opMode})102 612 Q(The current operation mode \(from the)127 624
Q F0<ad62>2.5 E F1(\215ag\).)2.5 E(${deli)102 640.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ryMode}).15 E(The current deli)127 652.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ry mode \(from the).15 E F0(Deli)2.5 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(ryMode).1 E F1
(option\).)2.5 E .749(There are three types of dates that can be used.)
127 668.4 R(The)5.749 E F0($a)3.249 E F1(and)3.249 E F0($b)3.249 E F1
.749(macros are in RFC 822 for)3.249 F(-)-.2 E(mat;)102 680.4 Q F0($a)
3.214 E F1 .714(is the time as e)3.214 F .713
(xtracted from the \231Date:\232 line of the message \(if there w)-.15 F
.713(as one\), and)-.1 F F0($b)3.213 E F1(is)3.213 E .056
(the current date and time \(used for postmarks\).)102 692.4 R .057
(If no \231Date:\232 line is found in the incoming message,)5.056 F F0
($a)102 704.4 Q F1 .305(is set to the current time also.)2.805 F(The)
5.305 E F0($d)2.805 E F1 .304(macro is equi)2.805 F -.25(va)-.25 G .304
(lent to the).25 F F0($b)2.804 E F1 .304(macro in UNIX \(ctime\) for)
2.804 F(-)-.2 E(mat.)102 716.4 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-38 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .238
(The macros)127 96 R F0($w)2.738 E F1(,)A F0($j)2.738 E F1 2.738(,a)C
(nd)-2.738 E F0($m)2.738 E F1 .238
(are set to the identity of this host.)2.738 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
(Sendmail)5.239 E F1 .239(tries to \214nd the fully)2.739 F .335(quali\214ed name of the host if at all possible; it does this by calling)
102 108 R F2 -.1(ge)2.834 G(thostname).1 E F1 .334
(\(2\) to get the current)B .457(hostname and then passing that to)102
120 R F2 -.1(ge)2.957 G(thostbyname).1 E F1 .457
(\(3\) which is supposed to return the canonical v)B(er)-.15 E(-)-.2 E
.279(sion of that host name.)102 134 R/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(18)-4 I F1
.279(Assuming this is successful,)2.779 4 N F0($j)2.778 E F1 .278
(is set to the fully quali\214ed name and)2.778 F F0($m)2.778 E F1(is)
2.778 E .706(set to the domain part of the name \(e)102 146 R -.15(ve)
-.25 G .706(rything after the \214rst dot\).).15 F(The)5.706 E F0($w)
3.206 E F1 .706(macro is set to the \214rst)3.206 F -.1(wo)102 158 S
.359(rd \(e).1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .358
(rything before the \214rst dot\) if you ha).15 F .658 -.15(ve a l)-.2 H
-2.15 -.25(ev e).15 H 2.858(l5o).25 G 2.858(rh)-2.858 G .358
(igher con\214guration \214le; otherwise, it)-2.858 F .404
(is set to the same v)102 170 R .405(alue as)-.25 F F0($j)2.905 E F1
5.405(.I)C 2.905(ft)-5.405 G .405
(he canoni\214cation is not successful, it is imperati)-2.905 F .705
-.15(ve t)-.25 H .405(hat the con\214g).15 F(\214le set)102 184 Q F0($j)
2.5 E F1(to the fully quali\214ed domain name)2.5 E F3(19)-4 I F1(.)4 I
(The)127 200.2 Q F0($f)2.833 E F1 .333(macro is the id of the sender as originally determined; when mailing to a speci\214c host)
2.833 F(the)102 212.2 Q F0($g)3.224 E F1 .724
(macro is set to the address of the sender)3.224 F F2 -.37(re)3.225 G
.725(lative to the r).37 F(ecipient.)-.37 E F1 -.15(Fo)5.725 G 3.225(re)
.15 G .725(xample, if I send to)-3.375 F(\231bollard@matisse.CS.Berk)102
224.2 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G .425(EDU\232 from the machine \231v).65
F(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G .424(EDU\232 the).65 F
F0($f)2.924 E F1(macro)2.924 E(will be \231eric\232 and the)102 236.2 Q
F0($g)2.5 E F1(macro will be \231eric@v)2.5 E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)
-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU.).65 E<9a>-.7 E(The)127 252.4 Q F0($x)2.562 E
F1 .062(macro is set to the full name of the sender)2.562 F 5.062(.T)
-.55 G .062(his can be determined in se)-5.062 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .063
(ral w).15 F 2.563(ays. It)-.1 F .63(can be passed as \215ag to)102
264.4 R F2(sendmail)3.13 E F1 5.629(.I)C 3.129(tc)-5.629 G .629
(an be de\214ned in the)-3.129 F/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF -.315(NA)3.129 G
(ME).315 E F1(en)3.129 E .629(vironment v)-.4 F 3.129(ariable. The)-.25
F(third)3.129 E .948(choice is the v)102 276.4 R .948
(alue of the \231Full-Name:\232 line in the header if it e)-.25 F .949
(xists, and the fourth choice is the)-.15 F .526
(comment \214eld of a \231From:\232 line.)102 288.4 R .526
(If all of these f)5.526 F .526
(ail, and if the message is being originated locally)-.1 F(,)-.65 E
(the full name is look)102 300.4 Q(ed up in the)-.1 E F2(/etc/passwd)2.5
E F1(\214le.)2.5 E 1.32(When sending, the)127 316.6 R F0($h)3.82 E F1(,)
A F0($u)3.82 E F1 3.82(,a)C(nd)-3.82 E F0($z)3.82 E F1 1.321
(macros get set to the host, user)3.82 F 3.821(,a)-.4 G 1.321
(nd home directory \(if)-3.821 F .517(local\) of the recipient.)102
328.6 R .517(The \214rst tw)5.517 F 3.016(oa)-.1 G .516(re set from the)
-3.016 F F0($@)3.016 E F1(and)3.016 E F0($:)3.016 E F1 .516
(part of the re)3.016 F .516(writing rules, respec-)-.25 F(ti)102 340.6
Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E(.)-.65 E(The)127 356.8 Q F0($p)3.806 E F1(and)
3.806 E F0($t)3.806 E F1 1.306(macros are used to create unique strings \(e.g., for the \231Message-Id:\232 \214eld\).)
3.806 F(The)102 368.8 Q F0($i)3.252 E F1 .751(macro is set to the queue id on this host; if put into the timestamp line it can be e)
3.252 F(xtremely)-.15 E .164(useful for tracking messages.)102 380.8 R
(The)5.164 E F0($v)2.664 E F1 .164(macro is set to be the v)2.664 F .165
(ersion number of)-.15 F F2(sendmail)2.665 E F1 2.665(;t)C .165
(his is nor)-2.665 F(-)-.2 E(mally put in timestamps and has been pro)
102 392.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(ne).15 G(xtremely useful for deb)-2.65 E
(ugging.)-.2 E(The)127 409 Q F0($c)3.548 E F1 1.048
(\214eld is set to the \231hop count,)3.548 F 3.548<9a69>-.7 G 1.048
(.e., the number of times this message has been pro-)-3.548 F 2.856
(cessed. This)102 421 R .356(can be determined by the)2.856 F F0<ad68>
2.856 E F1 .357
(\215ag on the command line or by counting the timestamps)2.856 F
(in the message.)102 433 Q(The)127 449.2 Q F0($r)2.833 E F1(and)2.833 E
F0($s)2.833 E F1 .333
(\214elds are set to the protocol used to communicate with)2.833 F F2
(sendmail)2.833 E F1 .333(and the send-)2.833 F .194(ing hostname.)102
461.2 R(The)5.194 E 2.694(yc)-.15 G .194(an be set together using the)
-2.694 F F0<ad70>2.694 E F1 .194
(command line \215ag or separately using the)2.694 F F0<ad4d>2.695 E F1
(or)102 473.2 Q F0(\255oM)2.5 E F1(\215ags.)2.5 E(The)127 489.4 Q F0($_)
2.967 E F1 .467(is set to a v)2.967 F .467(alidated sender host name.)
-.25 F .466(If the sender is running an RFC 1413 compli-)5.467 F .384
(ant IDENT serv)102 501.4 R .384(er and the recei)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
2.884(rh).15 G .384
(as the IDENT protocol turned on, it will include the user name)-2.884 F
(on that host.)102 513.4 Q(The)127 529.6 Q F0(${client_name})5.98 E F1
(,)A F0(${client_addr})5.98 E F1 5.98(,a)C(nd)-5.98 E F0(${client_port})
5.98 E F1 3.48(macros are set to the name,)5.98 F .786
(address, and port number of the SMTP client who is in)102 541.6 R -.2
(vo)-.4 G(king).2 E F2(sendmail)3.286 E F1 .786(as a serv)3.286 F(er)
-.15 E 5.786(.T)-.55 G .786(hese can be)-5.786 F(used in the)102 553.6 Q
F2 -.15(ch)2.5 G(ec).15 E(k_*)-.2 E F1(rulesets \(using the)2.5 E F0($&)
2.5 E F1(deferred e)2.5 E -.25(va)-.25 G(luation form, of course!\).).25
E F0 2.5(5.3. C)87 577.6 R(and F \212 De\214ne Classes)2.5 E F1 .66(Classes of phrases may be de\214ned to match on the left hand side of re)
127 593.8 R .659(writing rules, where a)-.25 F .464(\231phrase\232 is a sequence of characters that does not contain space characters.)
102 605.8 R -.15(Fo)5.465 G 2.965(re).15 G .465(xample a class of)-3.115
F .654(all local names for this site might be created so that attempts to send to oneself can be eliminated.)
102 617.8 R .041(These can either be de\214ned directly in the con\214guration \214le or read in from another \214le.)
102 629.8 R .041(Classes are)5.041 F .649
(named as a single letter or a w)102 641.8 R .649(ord in {braces}.)-.1 F
.649(Class names be)5.649 F .649(ginning with lo)-.15 F .648
(wer case letters and)-.25 F .638(special characters are reserv)102
653.8 R .638(ed for system use.)-.15 F .639
(Classes de\214ned in con\214g \214les may be gi)5.639 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
3.139(nn).15 G(ames)-3.139 E 1.05
(from the set of upper case letters for short names or be)102 665.8 R
1.05(ginning with an upper case letter for long)-.15 F .32 LW 76 675.4
72 675.4 DL 80 675.4 76 675.4 DL 84 675.4 80 675.4 DL 88 675.4 84 675.4
DL 92 675.4 88 675.4 DL 96 675.4 92 675.4 DL 100 675.4 96 675.4 DL 104
675.4 100 675.4 DL 108 675.4 104 675.4 DL 112 675.4 108 675.4 DL 116
675.4 112 675.4 DL 120 675.4 116 675.4 DL 124 675.4 120 675.4 DL 128
675.4 124 675.4 DL 132 675.4 128 675.4 DL 136 675.4 132 675.4 DL 140
675.4 136 675.4 DL 144 675.4 140 675.4 DL 148 675.4 144 675.4 DL 152
675.4 148 675.4 DL 156 675.4 152 675.4 DL 160 675.4 156 675.4 DL 164
675.4 160 675.4 DL 168 675.4 164 675.4 DL 172 675.4 168 675.4 DL 176
675.4 172 675.4 DL 180 675.4 176 675.4 DL 184 675.4 180 675.4 DL 188
675.4 184 675.4 DL 192 675.4 188 675.4 DL 196 675.4 192 675.4 DL 200
675.4 196 675.4 DL 204 675.4 200 675.4 DL 208 675.4 204 675.4 DL 212
675.4 208 675.4 DL 216 675.4 212 675.4 DL/F5 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(18)93.6
685.8 Q/F6 8/Times-Roman@0 SF -.12(Fo)3.2 K 2(re).12 G
(xample, on some systems)-2.12 E/F7 8/Times-Italic@0 SF -.08(ge)2 G
(thostname).08 E F6(might return \231foo\232 which w)2 E
(ould be mapped to \231foo.bar)-.08 E(.com\232 by)-.44 E F7 -.08(ge)2 G
(thostbyname).08 E F6(.)A F5(19)93.6 699.4 Q F6(Older v)3.2 I
(ersions of sendmail didn')-.12 E 2(tp)-.144 G(re-de\214ne)-2 E/F8 8
/Times-Bold@0 SF($j)2 E F6(at all, so up until 8.6, con\214g \214les)2 E
F7(always)2 E F6(had to de\214ne)2 E F8($j)2 E F6(.)A EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-39)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(names.)102 96 Q
(The syntax is:)127 112.2 Q F0(C)142 128.4 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
1.666(cp)C(hr)-1.666 E(ase1 phr)-.15 E(ase2...)-.15 E F0(F)142 140.4 Q
F2 1.666<638c>C(le)-1.666 E F1 .661
(The \214rst form de\214nes the class)102 156.6 R F2(c)3.161 E F1 .661
(to match an)3.161 F 3.161(yo)-.15 G 3.161(ft)-3.161 G .661(he named w)
-3.161 F 3.161(ords. It)-.1 F .661(is permissible to split them)3.161 F
(among multiple lines; for e)102 168.6 Q(xample, the tw)-.15 E 2.5(of)
-.1 G(orms:)-2.5 E(CHmonet ucbmonet)142 184.8 Q(and)102 201 Q(CHmonet)
142 217.2 Q(CHucbmonet)142 229.2 Q(are equi)102 245.4 Q -.25(va)-.25 G
2.5(lent. The).25 F -.74(``)2.5 G(F').74 E 2.5('f)-.74 G
(orm reads the elements of the class)-2.5 E F2(c)2.5 E F1
(from the named)2.5 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F1(.)A 1.339
(Elements of classes can be accessed in rules using)127 261.6 R F0($=)
3.839 E F1(or)3.839 E F0($~)3.839 E F1 6.339(.T)C(he)-6.339 E F0($~)
3.839 E F1 1.338(\(match entries not in)3.839 F
(class\) only matches a single w)102 273.6 Q(ord; multi-w)-.1 E
(ord entries in the class are ignored in this conte)-.1 E(xt.)-.15 E
(Some classes ha)127 289.8 Q .3 -.15(ve i)-.2 H(nternal meaning to).15 E
F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(:)A 18.42($=e contains)102 306 R .561
(the Content-T)3.061 F(ransfer)-.35 E .561(-Encodings that can be 8)-.2
F/F3 10/Symbol SF<ae>A F1 3.062(7b)C .562(it encoded.)-3.062 F .562
(It is prede\214ned to)5.562 F
(contain \2317bit\232, \2318bit\232, and \231binary\232.)138 318 Q 17.86
($=k set)102 334.2 R(to be the same as)2.5 E F0($k)2.5 E F1 2.5(,t)C
(hat is, the UUCP node name.)-2.5 E 15.08($=m set)102 350.4 R
(to the set of domains by which this host is kno)2.5 E
(wn, initially just)-.25 E F0($m)2.5 E F1(.)A 17.86($=n can)102 366.6 R
.581(be set to the set of MIME body types that can ne)3.081 F -.15(ve)
-.25 G 3.08(rb).15 G 3.08(ee)-3.08 G .58(ight to se)-3.08 F -.15(ve)-.25
G 3.08(nb).15 G .58(it encoded.)-3.08 F(It)5.58 E(def)138 378.6 Q 1.81
(aults to \231multipart/signed\232.)-.1 F 1.81
(Message types \231message/*\232 and \231multipart/*\232 are ne)6.81 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E 1.853(encoded directly)138 390.6 R 6.853(.M)-.65
G 1.853(ultipart messages are al)-6.853 F -.1(wa)-.1 G 1.853
(ys handled recursi).1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 6.853(.T)-.65 G 1.853
(he handling of)-6.853 F(message/* messages are controlled by class)138
402.6 Q F0($=s)2.5 E F1(.)A 17.86($=q A)102 418.8 R .711
(set of Content-T)3.211 F .712(ypes that will ne)-.8 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
3.212(rb).15 G 3.212(ee)-3.212 G .712(ncoded as base64 \(if the)-3.212 F
3.212(yh)-.15 G -2.25 -.2(av e)-3.212 H .712(to be encoded,)3.412 F(the)
138 430.8 Q 3.358(yw)-.15 G .858(ill be encoded as quoted-printable\).)
-3.358 F .858(It can ha)5.858 F 1.158 -.15(ve p)-.2 H .858
(rimary types \(e.g., \231te).15 F .857(xt\232\) or full)-.15 F
(types \(such as \231te)138 442.8 Q 2.5(xt/plain\232\). The)-.15 F
(class is initialized to ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve \231)-.2 H(te).15 E
(xt/plain\232 only)-.15 E(.)-.65 E 18.97($=s contains)102 459 R .648
(the set of subtypes of message that can be treated recursi)3.148 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.648(.B)-.65 G 3.148(yd)-5.648 G(ef)-3.148 E .648
(ault it con-)-.1 F .97(tains only \231rfc822\232.)138 471 R .969
(Other \231message/*\232 types cannot be 8)5.97 F F3<ae>A F1 3.469(7b)C
.969(it encoded.)-3.469 F .969(If a message)5.969 F 1.045
(containing eight bit data is sent to a se)138 483 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
3.545(nb).15 G 1.045(it host, and that message cannot be encoded)-3.545
F(into se)138 495 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(nb).15 G
(its, it will be stripped to 7 bits.)-2.5 E 20.08($=t set)102 511.2 R
.372(to the set of trusted users by the)2.873 F F0(T)2.872 E F1 .372
(con\214guration line.)2.872 F .372(If you w)5.372 F .372
(ant to read trusted users)-.1 F(from a \214le, use)138 523.2 Q F0(Ft)
2.5 E F2(/\214le/name)A F1(.)A 15.64($=w set)102 539.4 R .513
(to be the set of all names this host is kno)3.013 F .513(wn by)-.25 F
5.513(.T)-.65 G .513(his can be used to match local host-)-5.513 F
(names.)138 551.4 Q F2(Sendmail)127 567.6 Q F1 .183
(can be compiled to allo)2.683 F 2.683(wa)-.25 G F2(scanf)-.001 E F1
.182(\(3\) string on the)B F0(F)2.682 E F1 2.682(line. This)2.682 F .182
(lets you do simplistic)2.682 F .554(parsing of te)102 579.6 R .554
(xt \214les.)-.15 F -.15(Fo)5.554 G 3.054(re).15 G .554
(xample, to read all the user names in your system)-3.204 F F2
(/etc/passwd)3.055 E F1 .555(\214le into a)3.055 F(class, use)102 591.6
Q(FL/etc/passwd %[^:])142 607.8 Q(which reads e)102 624 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ry line up to the \214rst colon.).15 E F0 2.5(5.4. M)87 648 R 2.5<8a44>
2.5 G(e\214ne Mailer)-2.5 E F1(Programs and interf)127 664.2 Q
(aces to mailers are de\214ned in this line.)-.1 E(The format is:)5 E F0
(M)142 680.4 Q F2(name)A F1 2.5(,{)C F2(\214eld)-2.5 E F1(=)A F2(value)A
F1(}*)1.666 E(where)102 696.6 Q F2(name)4.244 E F1 1.744(is the name of the mailer \(used internally only\) and the \231\214eld=name\232 pairs de\214ne)
4.244 F(attrib)102 708.6 Q(utes of the mailer)-.2 E 5(.F)-.55 G
(ields are:)-5 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-40 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.15(Pa)
142 96 S 51.87(th The).15 F(pathname of the mailer)2.5 E 47.83
(Flags Special)142 108 R(\215ags for this mailer)2.5 E 41.73(Sender Re)
142 120 R(writing set\(s\) for sender addresses)-.25 E 31.17
(Recipient Re)142 132 R(writing set\(s\) for recipient addresses)-.25 E
(Ar)142 144 Q 49.13(gv An)-.18 F(ar)2.5 E(gument v)-.18 E
(ector to pass to this mailer)-.15 E 55.61(Eol The)142 156 R
(end-of-line string for this mailer)2.5 E 35.62(Maxsize The)142 168 R
(maximum message length to this mailer)2.5 E 32.27(Linelimit The)142 180
R(maximum line length in the message body)2.5 E 31.18(Directory The)142
192 R -.1(wo)2.5 G(rking directory for the mailer).1 E 42.84(Userid The)
142 204 R(def)2.5 E(ault user and group id to run as)-.1 E 50.62
(Nice The)142 216 R(nice\(2\) increment for the mailer)2.5 E 38.95
(Charset The)142 228 R(def)2.5 E
(ault character set for 8-bit characters)-.1 E -.8(Ty)142 240 S 49.75
(pe The).8 F(MTS type information \(used for error messages\))2.5 E
(Only the \214rst character of the \214eld name is check)102 256.2 Q
(ed.)-.1 E .396(The follo)127 272.4 R .396
(wing \215ags may be set in the mailer description.)-.25 F(An)5.396 E
2.896(yo)-.15 G .397(ther \215ags may be used freely)-2.896 F .075(to conditionally assign headers to messages destined for particular mailers.)
102 284.4 R .075(Flags mark)5.075 F .075(ed with \207 are)-.1 F 1.192
(not interpreted by the)102 296.4 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)
3.692 E F1 1.193(binary; these are the con)3.692 F -.15(ve)-.4 G 1.193
(ntionally used to correlate to the \215ags).15 F .738(portion of the)
102 308.4 R F0(H)3.238 E F1 3.237(line. Flags)3.238 F(mark)3.237 E .737
(ed with \210 apply to the mailers for the sender address rather than)
-.1 F(the usual recipient mailers.)102 320.4 Q 15.56(aR)102 336.6 S .987
(un Extended SMTP \(ESMTP\) protocol \(de\214ned in RFCs 1869, 1652, and 1870\).)
-15.56 F .987(This \215ag)5.987 F(def)122 348.6 Q
(aults on if the SMTP greeting message includes the w)-.1 E
(ord \231ESMTP\232.)-.1 E 12.78(AL)102 364.8 S .762
(ook up the user part of the address in the alias database.)-12.78 F
.762(Normally this is only set for local)5.762 F(mailers.)122 376.8 Q 15
(bF)102 393 S .456(orce a blank line on the end of a message.)-15.15 F
.456(This is intended to w)5.456 F .456(ork around some stupid v)-.1 F
(er)-.15 E(-)-.2 E .362(sions of /bin/mail that require a blank line, b)
122 405 R .362(ut do not pro)-.2 F .362(vide it themselv)-.15 F 2.861
(es. It)-.15 F -.1(wo)2.861 G .361(uld not nor).1 F(-)-.2 E
(mally be used on netw)122 417 Q(ork mail.)-.1 E 15.56(cD)102 433.2 S
2.662(on)-15.56 G .163(ot include comments in addresses.)-2.662 F .163
(This should only be used if you ha)5.163 F .463 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.663
(ow).15 G .163(ork around a)-2.763 F 1.846
(remote mailer that gets confused by comments.)122 445.2 R 1.846
(This strips addresses of the form \231Phrase)6.846 F
(<address>\232 or \231address \(Comment\)\232 do)122 457.2 Q
(wn to just \231address\232.)-.25 E 5.83(C\210 If)102 473.4 R .213
(mail is)2.713 F F2 -.37(re)2.713 G(ceived).37 E F1 .213
(from a mailer with this \215ag set, an)2.713 F 2.713(ya)-.15 G .213
(ddresses in the header that do not ha)-2.713 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .97
(an at sign \(\231@\232\) after being re)122 485.4 R .97
(written by ruleset three will ha)-.25 F 1.27 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .97
(he \231@domain\232 clause from).15 F(the sender en)122 497.4 Q -.15(ve)
-.4 G(lope address tack).15 E(ed on.)-.1 E(This allo)5 E
(ws mail with headers of the form:)-.25 E(From: usera@hosta)162 513.6 Q
-.8(To)162 525.6 S 2.5(:u).8 G(serb@hostb, userc)-2.5 E(to be re)122
541.8 Q(written as:)-.25 E(From: usera@hosta)162 558 Q -.8(To)162 570 S
2.5(:u).8 G(serb@hostb, userc@hosta)-2.5 E(automatically)122 586.2 Q 5
(.H)-.65 G -.25(ow)-5 G -2.15 -.25(ev e).25 H .8 -.4(r, i).25 H 2.5(td)
.4 G(oesn')-2.5 E 2.5(tr)-.18 G(eally w)-2.5 E(ork reliably)-.1 E(.)-.65
E 15(dD)102 602.4 S 2.56(on)-15 G .06(ot include angle brack)-2.56 F .06
(ets around route-address syntax addresses.)-.1 F .06
(This is useful on mailers)5.06 F .188(that are going to pass addresses to a shell that might interpret angle brack)
122 614.4 R .187(ets as I/O redirection.)-.1 F 5.28(D\207 This)102 630.6
R(mailer w)2.5 E(ants a \231Date:\232 header line.)-.1 E 15.56(eT)102
646.8 S .173(his mailer is e)-15.56 F(xpensi)-.15 E .473 -.15(ve t)-.25
H 2.673(oc).15 G .173(onnect to, so try to a)-2.673 F -.2(vo)-.2 G .174
(id connecting normally; an).2 F 2.674(yn)-.15 G .174(ecessary con-)
-2.674 F(nection will occur during a queue run.)122 658.8 Q 13.89(EE)102
675 S(scape lines be)-13.89 E(ginning with \231From)-.15 E 2.5<9a69>5 G
2.5(nt)-2.5 G(he message with a `>' sign.)-2.5 E 16.67(fT)102 691.2 S
.19(he mailer w)-16.67 F .19(ants a)-.1 F F0<ad66>2.69 E F2(fr)2.69 E
(om)-.45 E F1 .19(\215ag, b)2.69 F .19(ut only if this is a netw)-.2 F
.19(ork forw)-.1 F .19(ard operation \(i.e., the mailer)-.1 F(will gi)
122 703.2 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 2.5(ne).15 G(rror if the e)-2.5 E -.15
(xe)-.15 G(cuting user does not ha).15 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.2 H
(pecial permissions\).).15 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-41)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 6.94(F\207 This)102 96 R
(mailer w)2.5 E(ants a \231From:\232 header line.)-.1 E 15(gN)102 112.2
S(ormally)-15 E(,)-.65 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)4.892 E F1
2.393(sends internally generated email \(e.g., error messages\) using the null)
4.892 F 1.327(return address as required by RFC 1123.)122 124.2 R(Ho)
6.327 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.127 -.4(r, s).15 H 1.327
(ome mailers don').4 F 3.827(ta)-.18 G 1.327(ccept a null return)-3.827
F 3.31(address. If)122 136.2 R(necessary)3.31 E 3.31(,y)-.65 G .81
(ou can set the)-3.31 F F0(g)3.311 E F1 .811(\215ag to pre)3.311 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G(nt).15 E F2(sendmail)3.311 E F1 .811(from obe)3.311 F .811
(ying the standards;)-.15 F 1.57
(error messages will be sent as from the MAILER-D)122 148.2 R 1.57
(AEMON \(actually)-.4 F 4.07(,t)-.65 G 1.57(he v)-4.07 F 1.57
(alue of the)-.25 F F0($n)4.07 E F1(macro\).)122 160.2 Q 15(hU)102 176.4
S(pper case should be preserv)-15 E(ed in host names for this mailer)
-.15 E(.)-.55 E 17.22(iD)102 192.6 S 2.5(oU)-17.22 G(ser Database re)
-2.5 E(writing on en)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.4 G(lope sender address.).15 E
16.67(IT)102 208.8 S .474(his mailer will be speaking SMTP to another)
-16.67 F F2(sendmail)2.974 E F1 2.974<8a61>2.974 G 2.975(ss)-2.974 G
.475(uch it can use special protocol)-2.975 F 3.633(features. This)122
220.8 R 1.133(option is not required \(i.e., if this option is omitted the transmission will still)
3.633 F(operate successfully)122 232.8 Q 2.5(,a)-.65 G
(lthough perhaps not as ef)-2.5 E(\214ciently as possible\).)-.25 E
17.22(jD)102 249 S 2.5(oU)-17.22 G(ser Database re)-2.5 E
(writing on recipients as well as senders.)-.25 E 15(kN)102 265.2 S
1.029(ormally when)-15 F F2(sendmail)3.529 E F1 1.029
(connects to a host via SMTP)3.529 F 3.529(,i)-1.11 G 3.529(tc)-3.529 G
1.03(hecks to mak)-3.529 F 3.53(es)-.1 G 1.03(ure that this isn')-3.53 F
(t)-.18 E .562(accidently the same host name as might happen if)122
277.2 R F2(sendmail)3.062 E F1 .562
(is miscon\214gured or if a long-haul)3.062 F(netw)122 289.2 Q 1.073
(ork interf)-.1 F 1.073(ace is set in loopback mode.)-.1 F 1.074
(This \215ag disables the loopback check.)6.074 F 1.074(It should)6.074
F(only be used under v)122 301.2 Q(ery unusual circumstances.)-.15 E
12.78(KC)102 317.4 S(urrently unimplemented.)-12.78 E(Reserv)5 E
(ed for chunking.)-.15 E 17.22(lT)102 333.6 S
(his mailer is local \(i.e., \214nal deli)-17.22 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ry will be performed\).).15 E 13.89(LL)102 349.8 S .82
(imit the line lengths as speci\214ed in RFC821.)-13.89 F .819
(This deprecated option should be replaced by)5.819 F(the)122 361.8 Q F0
(L=)2.5 E F1(mail declaration.)2.5 E -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(rh).15 G
(istoric reasons, the)-2.5 E F0(L)2.5 E F1(\215ag also sets the)2.5 E F0
(7)2.5 E F1(\215ag.)2.5 E 12.22(mT)102 378 S .463(his mailer can send to multiple users on the same host in one transaction.)
-12.22 F .464(When a)5.464 F F0($u)2.964 E F1(macro)2.964 E .732
(occurs in the)122 390 R F2(ar)3.232 E(gv)-.37 E F1 .732(part of the mailer de\214nition, that \214eld will be repeated as necessary for all)
3.232 F(qualifying users.)122 402 Q 3.61(M\207 This)102 418.2 R
(mailer w)2.5 E(ants a \231Message-Id:\232 header line.)-.1 E 15(nD)102
434.4 S 2.5(on)-15 G
(ot insert a UNIX-style \231From\232 line on the front of the message.)
-2.5 E 15(oA)102 450.6 S -.1(lwa)-15 G .816(ys run as the o).1 F .816
(wner of the recipient mailbox.)-.25 F(Normally)5.816 E F2(sendmail)
3.316 E F1 .816(runs as the sender for)3.316 F .198
(locally generated mail or as \231daemon\232 \(actually)122 462.6 R
2.698(,t)-.65 G .198(he user speci\214ed in the)-2.698 F F0(u)2.698 E F1
.198(option\) when deli)2.698 F(v-)-.25 E .98(ering netw)122 474.6 R .98
(ork mail.)-.1 F .98(The normal beha)5.98 F .981
(viour is required by most local mailers, which will not)-.2 F(allo)122
486.6 Q 2.521(wt)-.25 G .021(he en)-2.521 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .021
(lope sender address to be set unless the mailer is running as daemon.)
.15 F .02(This \215ag is)5.02 F(ignored if the)122 498.6 Q F0(S)2.5 E F1
(\215ag is set.)2.5 E 15(pU)102 514.8 S .497(se the route-addr style re)
-15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .498(rse-path in the SMTP \231MAIL FR).15 F .498
(OM:\232 command rather than just)-.4 F .385(the return address; although this is required in RFC821 section 3.1, man)
122 526.8 R 2.885(yh)-.15 G .385(osts do not process)-2.885 F(re)122
538.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(rse-paths properly).15 E 5(.R)-.65 G -2.15 -.25
(ev e)-5 H(rse-paths are of).25 E(\214cially discouraged by RFC 1123.)
-.25 E 6.94(P\207 This)102 555 R(mailer w)2.5 E(ants a \231Return-P)-.1
E(ath:\232 line.)-.15 E 15(qW)102 571.2 S .068
(hen an address that resolv)-15 F .069(es to this mailer is v)-.15 F
.069(eri\214ed \(SMTP VRFY command\), generate 250)-.15 F
(responses instead of 252 responses.)122 583.2 Q
(This will imply that the address is local.)5 E 16.67(rS)102 599.4 S
(ame as)-16.67 E F0(f)2.5 E F1 2.5(,b)C(ut sends a)-2.7 E F0<ad72>2.5 E
F1(\215ag.)2.5 E 13.33(RO)102 615.6 S .67
(pen SMTP connections from a \231secure\232 port.)-13.33 F .669
(Secure ports aren')5.669 F 3.169(t\()-.18 G .669(secure, that is\) e)
-3.169 F .669(xcept on)-.15 F
(UNIX machines, so it is unclear that this adds an)122 627.6 Q(ything.)
-.15 E 16.11(sS)102 643.8 S(trip quote characters \(" and \\\) of)-16.11
E 2.5(fo)-.25 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he address before calling the mailer)-2.5
E(.)-.55 E 14.44(SD)102 660 S(on')-14.44 E 3.331(tr)-.18 G .831
(eset the userid before calling the mailer)-3.331 F 5.831(.T)-.55 G .831
(his w)-5.831 F .832(ould be used in a secure en)-.1 F(vironment)-.4 E
(where)122 672 Q F2(sendmail)3.318 E F1 .817(ran as root.)3.317 F .817
(This could be used to a)5.817 F -.2(vo)-.2 G .817(id for).2 F .817
(ged addresses.)-.18 F .817(If the)5.817 F F0(U=)3.317 E F1 .817
(\214eld is)3.317 F .974
(also speci\214ed, this \215ag causes the user id to al)122 684 R -.1
(wa)-.1 G .974(ys be set to that user and group \(instead of).1 F(lea)
122 696 Q(ving it as root\).)-.2 E 15(uU)102 712.2 S
(pper case should be preserv)-15 E(ed in user names for this mailer)-.15
E(.)-.55 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-42 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 12.78(UT)
102 96 S(his mailer w)-12.78 E(ants UUCP-style \231From\232 lines with the ugly \231remote from <host>\232 on the end.)
-.1 E 12.78(wT)102 112.2 S .566(he user must ha)-12.78 F .866 -.15
(ve a v)-.2 H .566
(alid account on this machine, i.e., getpwnam must succeed.)-.1 F .565
(If not, the)5.565 F(mail is bounced.)122 124.2 Q
(This is required to get \231.forw)5 E(ard\232 capability)-.1 E(.)-.65 E
7.5(x\207 This)102 140.4 R(mailer w)2.5 E
(ants a \231Full-Name:\232 header line.)-.1 E 12.78(XT)102 156.6 S .972
(his mailer w)-12.78 F .972(ant to use the hidden dot algorithm as speci\214ed in RFC821; basically)
-.1 F 3.472(,a)-.65 G 1.272 -.15(ny l)-3.472 H(ine).15 E(be)122 168.6 Q
.797(ginning with a dot will ha)-.15 F 1.097 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 3.297(ne)
.15 G .796(xtra dot prepended \(to be stripped at the other end\).)
-3.447 F(This)5.796 E(insures that lines in the message containing a dot will not terminate the message prematurely)
122 180.6 Q(.)-.65 E 15.56(zR)102 196.8 S .965(un Local Mail T)-15.56 F
.965(ransfer Protocol \(LMTP\) between)-.35 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
(sendmail)3.465 E F1 .965(and the local mailer)3.465 F 5.965(.T)-.55 G
.965(his is a)-5.965 F -.25(va)122 208.8 S .167(riant on SMTP de\214ned in RFC 2033 that is speci\214cally designed for deli)
.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .167(ry to a local mail-).15 F(box.)122 220.8 Q 15
(0D)102 237 S(on')-15 E 2.5(tl)-.18 G
(ook up MX records for hosts sent via SMTP)-2.5 E(.)-1.11 E 15(3E)102
253.2 S .001(xtend the list of characters con)-15 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .002
(rted to =XX notation when con).15 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .002
(rting to Quoted-Printable to).15 F .978(include those that don')122
265.2 R 3.478(tm)-.18 G .978(ap cleanly between ASCII and EBCDIC.)-3.478
F .978(Useful if you ha)5.978 F 1.277 -.15(ve I)-.2 H(BM).15 E
(mainframes on site.)122 277.2 Q 15(5I)102 293.4 S 2.716(fn)-15 G 2.716
(oa)-2.716 G .217(liases are found for this address, pass the address through ruleset 5 for possible alternate)
-2.716 F 2.5(resolution. This)122 305.4 R(is intended to forw)2.5 E
(ard the mail to an alternate deli)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry spot.).15 E
15(7S)102 321.6 S 1.141(trip all output to se)-15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.641
(nb).15 G 3.641(its. This)-3.641 F 1.141(is the def)3.641 F 1.141
(ault if the)-.1 F F0(L)3.64 E F1 1.14(\215ag is set.)3.64 F 1.14
(Note that clearing this)6.14 F .295(option is not suf)122 333.6 R .295
(\214cient to get full eight bit data passed through)-.25 F F2(sendmail)
2.795 E F1 5.295(.I)C 2.795(ft)-5.295 G(he)-2.795 E F0(7)2.795 E F1 .295
(option is set,)2.795 F .717(this is essentially al)122 345.6 R -.1(wa)
-.1 G .717(ys set, since the eighth bit w).1 F .717
(as stripped on input.)-.1 F .716(Note that this option)5.717 F
(will only impact messages that didn')122 357.6 Q 2.5(th)-.18 G -2.25
-.2(av e)-2.5 H(8)2.7 E/F3 10/Symbol SF<ae>A F1 2.5(7b)C(it MIME con)
-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.4 G(rsions performed.).15 E 15(8I)102 373.8 S 3.782(fs)
-15 G 1.283(et, it is acceptable to send eight bit data to this mailer; the usual attempt to do 8)
-3.782 F F3<ae>A F1 3.783(7b)C(it)-3.783 E(MIME con)122 385.8 Q -.15(ve)
-.4 G(rsions will be bypassed.).15 E 15(9I)102 402 S 2.705(fs)-15 G .205
(et, do)-2.705 F F2(limited)2.705 E F1(7)2.705 E F3<ae>A F1 2.704(8b)C
.204(it MIME con)-2.704 F -.15(ve)-.4 G 2.704(rsions. These).15 F(con)
2.704 E -.15(ve)-.4 G .204(rsions are limited to te).15 F .204
(xt/plain data.)-.15 F 17.22(:C)102 418.2 S .982
(heck addresses to see if the)-17.22 F 3.482(yb)-.15 G -.15(eg)-3.482 G
.982(in \231:include:\232; if the).15 F 3.482(yd)-.15 G .982(o, con)
-3.482 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .982(rt them to the \231*include*\232).15 F
(mailer)122 430.2 Q(.)-.55 E 18(|C)102 446.4 S
(heck addresses to see if the)-18 E 2.5(yb)-.15 G -.15(eg)-2.5 G
(in with a `|'; if the).15 E 2.5(yd)-.15 G(o, con)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.4 G
(rt them to the \231prog\232 mailer).15 E(.)-.55 E 17.22(/C)102 462.6 S
(heck addresses to see if the)-17.22 E 2.5(yb)-.15 G -.15(eg)-2.5 G
(in with a `/'; if the).15 E 2.5(yd)-.15 G(o, con)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.4 G
(rt them to the \231*\214le*\232 mailer).15 E(.)-.55 E 10.79(@L)102
478.8 S(ook up addresses in the user database.)-10.79 E .268
(Con\214guration \214les prior to le)127 495 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.768(l6a)
.15 G .268(ssume the `)-2.768 F -1.11(A')-.8 G 2.768(,`)1.11 G .268
(w', `5', `:', `|', `/', and `@' options on the)-2.768 F
(mailer named \231local\232.)102 507 Q .306(The mailer with the special name \231error\232 can be used to generate a user error)
127 523.2 R 5.306(.T)-.55 G .306(he \(optional\))-5.306 F .324
(host \214eld is an e)102 535.2 R .323(xit status to be returned, and the user \214eld is a message to be printed.)
-.15 F .323(The e)5.323 F .323(xit sta-)-.15 F .891
(tus may be numeric or one of the v)102 547.2 R .891(alues USA)-.25 F
.891(GE, NOUSER, NOHOST)-.4 F 3.391(,U)-.74 G -.35(NA)-3.391 G -1.35(VA)
-1 G .891(ILABLE, SOFT)1.35 F(-)-.92 E -1.2(WA)102 559.2 S 1.142
(RE, TEMPF)1.2 F 1.142(AIL, PR)-.74 F -1.88 -.4(OT O)-.4 H 1.142
(COL, or CONFIG to return the corresponding EX_ e).4 F 1.141
(xit code, or an)-.15 F .288
(enhanced error code as described in RFC 1893,)102 571.2 R F2 .288
(Enhanced Mail System Status Codes.)2.788 F F1 -.15(Fo)5.288 G 2.788(re)
.15 G(xample,)-2.938 E(the entry:)102 583.2 Q
($#error $@ NOHOST $: Host unkno)142 599.4 Q(wn in this domain)-.25 E
.145(on the RHS of a rule will cause the speci\214ed error to be generated and the \231Host unkno)
102 615.6 R .145(wn\232 e)-.25 F .145(xit sta-)-.15 F .491
(tus to be returned if the LHS matches.)102 627.6 R .491
(This mailer is only functional in rulesets 0, 5, or one of the)5.491 F
(check_* rulesets.)102 639.6 Q .257
(The mailer with the special name \231discard\232 causes an)127 655.8 R
2.756(ym)-.15 G .256(ail sent to it to be discarded b)-2.756 F .256
(ut oth-)-.2 F(erwise treated as though it were successfully deli)102
667.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(red.).15 E .468(The mailer named \231local\232)
127 684 R F2(must)2.968 E F1 .468(be de\214ned in e)2.968 F -.15(ve)-.25
G .468(ry con\214guration \214le.).15 F .468(This is used to deli)5.468
F -.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E .25(local mail, and is treated specially in se)
102 696 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .25(ral w).15 F 2.75(ays. Additionally)-.1 F
2.75(,t)-.65 G .25(hree other mailers named \231prog\232,)-2.75 F .942(\231*\214le*\232, and \231*include*\232 may be de\214ned to tune the deli)
102 708 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .942(ry of messages to programs, \214les, and)
.15 F(:include: lists respecti)102 720 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5(.T)
-.65 G(he)-5 E 2.5(yd)-.15 G(ef)-2.5 E(ault to:)-.1 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-43)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(Mprog, P=/bin/sh, F=lsoDq9, T=DNS/RFC822/X-Unix, A=sh \255c $u)142 96 Q
(M*\214le*, P=[FILE], F=lsDFMPEouq9, T=DNS/RFC822/X-Unix, A=FILE $u)142
108 Q(M*include*, P=/de)142 120 Q(v/null, F=su, A=INCLUDE $u)-.25 E .616
(The Sender and Recipient re)127 140.4 R .615
(writing sets may either be a simple ruleset id or may be tw)-.25 F
3.115(oi)-.1 G(ds)-3.115 E .575
(separated by a slash; if so, the \214rst re)102 152.4 R .576
(writing set is applied to en)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .576
(lope addresses and the second is).15 F(applied to headers.)102 164.4 Q
(Setting an)5 E 2.5(yv)-.15 G(alue zero disables corresponding mailer)
-2.75 E(-speci\214c re)-.2 E(writing.)-.25 E .197
(The Directory is actually a colon-separated path of directories to try)
127 180.6 R 5.196(.F)-.65 G .196(or e)-5.346 F .196
(xample, the de\214ni-)-.15 F .104
(tion \231D=$z:/\232 \214rst tries to e)102 192.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .104
(cute in the recipient').15 F 2.604(sh)-.55 G .104
(ome directory; if that is not a)-2.604 F -.25(va)-.2 G .104
(ilable, it tries to).25 F -.15(exe)102 204.6 S .816
(cute in the root of the \214lesystem.).15 F .816
(This is intended to be used only on the \231prog\232 mailer)5.816 F
3.316(,s)-.4 G(ince)-3.316 E .367(some shells \(such as)102 216.6 R/F2
10/Times-Italic@0 SF(csh)2.867 E F1 2.867(\)r)C .367(efuse to e)-2.867 F
-.15(xe)-.15 G .368(cute if the).15 F 2.868(yc)-.15 G .368
(annot read the home directory)-2.868 F 5.368(.S)-.65 G .368
(ince the queue)-5.368 F(directory is not normally readable by unpri)102
228.6 Q(vile)-.25 E(ged users)-.15 E F2(csh)2.5 E F1
(scripts as recipients can f)2.5 E(ail.)-.1 E 1.863
(The Userid speci\214es the def)127 244.8 R 1.863
(ault user and group id to run as, o)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.862
(rriding the).15 F F0(DefaultUser)4.362 E F1 .286(option \(q.v)102 256.8
R 2.786(.\). If)-.65 F(the)2.786 E F0(S)2.786 E F1 .287(mailer \215ag is also speci\214ed, this is the user and group to run as in all circum-)
2.786 F 2.588(stances. This)102 268.8 R .088(may be gi)2.588 F -.15(ve)
-.25 G 2.588(na).15 G(s)-2.588 E F2(user:gr)2.588 E(oup)-.45 E F1 .088
(to set both the user and group id; either may be an inte)2.588 F(ger)
-.15 E .541(or a symbolic name to be look)102 280.8 R .541(ed up in the)
-.1 F F2(passwd)3.041 E F1(and)3.041 E F2(gr)3.041 E(oup)-.45 E F1 .541
(\214les respecti)3.041 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.541(.I)-.65 G 3.041
(fo)-5.541 G .542(nly a symbolic)-3.041 F
(user name is speci\214ed, the group id in the)102 292.8 Q F2(passwd)2.5
E F1(\214le for that user is used as the group id.)2.5 E .545
(The Charset \214eld is used when con)127 309 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .545
(rting a message to MIME; this is the character set used).15 F .465
(in the Content-T)102 321 R .465(ype: header)-.8 F 5.465(.I)-.55 G 2.965
(ft)-5.465 G .465(his is not set, the)-2.965 F F0(DefaultCharset)2.966 E
F1 .466(option is used, and if that is not)2.966 F .258(set, the v)102
333 R .258(alue \231unkno)-.25 F .258(wn-8bit\232 is used.)-.25 F F0
-1.2(WA)5.257 G(RNING:)1.2 E F1 .257
(this \214eld applies to the sender')2.757 F 2.757(sm)-.55 G(ailer)
-2.757 E 2.757(,n)-.4 G .257(ot the)-2.757 F(recipient')102 345 Q 2.701
(sm)-.55 G(ailer)-2.701 E 5.201(.F)-.55 G .201(or e)-5.351 F .201
(xample, if the en)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .202
(lope sender address lists an address on the local netw).15 F(ork)-.1 E
.48(and the recipient is on an e)102 357 R .48(xternal netw)-.15 F .48
(ork, the character set will be set from the Charset= \214eld for)-.1 F
(the local netw)102 369 Q(ork mailer)-.1 E 2.5(,n)-.4 G
(ot that of the e)-2.5 E(xternal netw)-.15 E(ork mailer)-.1 E(.)-.55 E
.794(The T)127 385.2 R .795(ype= \214eld sets the type information used in MIME error messages as de\214ned by RFC)
-.8 F 2.805(1894. It)102 397.2 R .305(is actually three v)2.805 F .305
(alues separated by slashes: the MT)-.25 F .305
(A-type \(that is, the description of ho)-.93 F(w)-.25 E .083(hosts are named\), the address type \(the description of e-mail addresses\), and the diagnostic type \(the)
102 409.2 R .143(description of error diagnostic codes\).)102 421.2 R
.143(Each of these must be a re)5.143 F .142(gistered v)-.15 F .142
(alue or be)-.25 F .142(gin with \231X\255\232.)-.15 F(The def)102 433.2
Q(ault is \231dns/rfc822/smtp\232.)-.1 E F0 2.5(5.5. H)87 457.2 R 2.5
<8a44>2.5 G(e\214ne Header)-2.5 E F1 1.135
(The format of the header lines that)127 473.4 R F2(sendmail)3.636 E F1
1.136(inserts into the message are de\214ned by the)3.636 F F0(H)3.636 E
F1 2.5(line. The)102 485.4 R(syntax of this line is:)2.5 E F0(H)142
501.6 Q F1([)A F0(?)A F2(m\215a)A(gs)-.1 E F0(?)A F1(])A F2(hname)A F0
(:)A F2(htemplate)2.5 E F1 1.058(Continuation lines in this spec are re\215ected directly into the outgoing message.)
102 517.8 R(The)6.058 E F2(htemplate)3.557 E F1(is)3.557 E(macro-e)102
529.8 Q 1.12(xpanded before insertion into the message.)-.15 F 1.12
(If the)6.12 F F2(m\215a)3.62 E(gs)-.1 E F1 1.12
(\(surrounded by question marks\))3.62 F .161(are speci\214ed, at least one of the speci\214ed \215ags must be stated in the mailer de\214nition for this header)
102 541.8 R .191(to be automatically output.)102 553.8 R .192(If one of these headers is in the input it is re\215ected to the output re)
5.191 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(rd-).05 E(less of these \215ags.)102 565.8 Q
(Some headers ha)127 582 Q .3 -.15(ve s)-.2 H
(pecial semantics that will be described later).15 E(.)-.55 E 2.711(As)
127 598.2 S .211(econdary syntax allo)-2.711 F .211(ws v)-.25 F .211
(alidation of headers as the)-.25 F 2.711(ya)-.15 G .211(re being read.)
-2.711 F 1.81 -.8(To e)5.21 H .21(nable v).8 F(alidation,)-.25 E(use:)
102 610.2 Q F0(H)142 626.4 Q F2(Header)A F0 2.5(:$)C(>)-2.5 E F2
(Ruleset)A F1 .715(The indicated)102 642.6 R F2(Ruleset)3.215 E F1 .715
(is called for the speci\214ed)3.215 F F2(Header)3.216 E F1 3.216(,a)C
.716(nd can return)-3.216 F F0($#err)3.216 E(or)-.18 E F1 .716
(to reject the mes-)3.216 F 1.972(sage or)102 654.6 R F0($#discard)4.472
E F1 1.971(to discard the message \(as with the other)4.472 F F0(check_)
4.471 E F1 4.471(*r)C 4.471(ulesets\). The)-4.471 F 1.971(header is)
4.471 F(treated as a structured \214eld, that is, comments \(in parentheses\) are deleted before processing.)
102 666.6 Q -.15(Fo)127 682.8 S 2.5(re).15 G
(xample, the con\214guration lines:)-2.65 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-44 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(HMessage-Id: $>CheckMessageId)142 96 Q(SCheckMessageId)142 120 Q
(R< $+ @ $+)142 132 Q 11.06(>$)5 G 2.5(@O)-11.06 G(K)-2.5 E 52.83
(R$* $#error)142 144 R($: Ille)2.5 E -.05(ga)-.15 G 2.5(lM).05 G
(essage-Id header)-2.5 E -.1(wo)102 160.2 S(uld refuse an).1 E 2.5(ym)
-.15 G(essage that had a Message-Id: header of an)-2.5 E 2.5(yo)-.15 G
2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he follo)-2.5 E(wing forms:)-.25 E(Message-Id: <>)142
176.4 Q(Message-Id: some te)142 188.4 Q(xt)-.15 E(Message-Id: <le)142
200.4 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G 2.5(lt).05 G -.15(ex)-2.5 G(t@domain> e).15 E
(xtra crud)-.15 E F0 2.5(5.6. O)87 228.6 R 2.5<8a53>2.5 G(et Option)-2.5
E F1 .962(There are a number of global options that can be set from a con\214guration \214le.)
127 244.8 R .963(Options are)5.963 F .86(represented by full w)102 256.8
R .86(ords; some are also representable as single characters for back compatibility)
-.1 F(.)-.65 E(The syntax of this line is:)102 268.8 Q F0(O)142 285 Q/F2
10/Times-Italic@0 SF(option)7.5 E F0(=)A F2(value)A F1 .562
(This sets option)102 301.2 R F2(option)3.062 E F1 .562(to be)3.062 F F2
(value)3.062 E F1 5.562(.N)C .562(ote that there)-5.562 F F2(must)3.062
E F1 .562(be a space between the letter `O' and the)3.062 F
(name of the option.)102 313.2 Q(An older v)5 E(ersion is:)-.15 E F0(O)
142 329.4 Q F2 1.666(ov)C(alue)-1.666 E F1 .13(where the option)102
345.6 R F2(o)2.63 E F1 .13(is a single character)2.63 F 5.13(.D)-.55 G
.13(epending on the option,)-5.13 F F2(value)2.63 E F1 .13
(may be a string, an inte)2.63 F(ger)-.15 E(,)-.4 E 2.5(ab)102 357.6 S
(oolean \(with le)-2.5 E -.05(ga)-.15 G 2.5(lv).05 G
(alues \231t\232, \231T\232, \231f\232, or \231F\232; the def)-2.75 E
(ault is TR)-.1 E(UE\), or a time interv)-.4 E(al.)-.25 E
(The options supported \(with the old, one character names in brack)127
373.8 Q(ets\) are:)-.1 E(AliasFile=)102 390 Q F2(spec, spec, ...)A F1
.439([A] Specify possible alias \214le\(s\).)174 402 R(Each)5.439 E F2
(spec)2.939 E F1 .439(should be in the format `)2.939 F(`)-.74 E F2
(class)A F0(:)A F2(\214le)2.94 E F1 -.74('')C(where)174 414 Q F2(class)
3.1 E F0(:)A F1 .599(is optional and def)3.099 F .599(aults to `)-.1 F
(`implicit')-.74 E 3.099('. Depending)-.74 F .599(on ho)3.099 F(w)-.25 E
F2(sendmail)3.099 E F1 .186(is compiled, v)174 426 R .187(alid classes are \231implicit\232 \(search through a compiled-in list of alias)
-.25 F 2.055(\214le types, for back compatibility\), \231hash\232 \(if)
174 438 R/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(NEWDB)4.555 E F1 2.055
(is speci\214ed\), \231dbm\232 \(if)4.555 F F3(NDBM)174 450 Q F1 1.588(is speci\214ed\), \231stab\232 \(internal symbol table \212 not normally used unless)
4.088 F .075(you ha)174 462 R .375 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.575(oo).15 G .075
(ther database lookup\), or \231nis\232 \(if)-2.575 F F3(NIS)2.574 E F1
.074(is speci\214ed\).)2.574 F .074(If a list of)5.074 F F2(spec)2.574 E
F1(s)A(are pro)174 474 Q(vided,)-.15 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1
(searches them in order)2.5 E(.)-.55 E(AliasW)102 490.2 Q(ait=)-.8 E F2
(timeout)A F1 .14([a] If set, w)174 502.2 R .14(ait up to)-.1 F F2
(timeout)2.64 E F1 .141(\(units def)2.641 F .141
(ault to minutes\) for an \231@:@\232 entry to e)-.1 F(xist)-.15 E .518
(in the alias database before starting up.)174 514.2 R .517
(If it does not appear in the)5.517 F F2(timeout)3.017 E F1(inter)3.017
E(-)-.2 E -.25(va)174 526.2 S 3.21(lr).25 G(eb)-3.21 E .71
(uild the database \(if the)-.2 F F0 -.5(Au)3.21 G(toReb).5 E
(uildAliases)-.2 E F1 .71(option is also set\) or issue a)3.21 F -.1(wa)
174 538.2 S(rning.).1 E(Allo)102 554.4 Q(wBogusHELO)-.25 E 1.104
([no short name] If set, allo)174 566.4 R 3.604(wH)-.25 G 1.104
(ELO SMTP commands that don')-3.604 F 3.604(ti)-.18 G 1.103
(nclude a host)-3.604 F 2.881(name. Setting)174 578.4 R .382
(this violates RFC 1123 section 5.2.5, b)2.881 F .382
(ut is necessary to interoper)-.2 F(-)-.2 E .061(ate with se)174 590.4 R
-.15(ve)-.25 G .061(ral SMTP clients.).15 F .061(If there is a v)5.061 F
.06(alue, it is still check)-.25 F .06(ed for le)-.1 F(gitimac)-.15 E
-.65(y.)-.15 G(AutoReb)102 606.6 Q(uildAliases)-.2 E .128
([D] If set, reb)174 618.6 R .128
(uild the alias database if necessary and possible.)-.2 F .128
(If this option is not)5.128 F(set,)174 630.6 Q F2(sendmail)4.885 E F1
2.385(will ne)4.885 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.885(rr).15 G(eb)-4.885 E 2.385
(uild the alias database unless e)-.2 F 2.385(xplicitly requested)-.15 F
(using)174 642.6 Q F0(\255bi)2.5 E F1 5(.N)C
(ot recommended \212 can cause thrashing.)-5 E(BlankSub=)102 658.8 Q F2
(c)A F1 1.255([B] Set the blank substitution character to)22.47 F F2(c)
3.755 E F1 6.255(.U)C 1.255(nquoted spaces in addresses are)-6.255 F
(replaced by this character)174 670.8 Q 5(.D)-.55 G(ef)-5 E
(aults to space \(i.e., no change is made\).)-.1 E 14.51
(CheckAliases [n])102 687 R -1.11(Va)2.5 G
(lidate the RHS of aliases when reb)1.11 E(uilding the alias database.)
-.2 E(CheckpointInterv)102 703.2 Q(al=)-.25 E F2(N)A F1 1.297
([C] Checkpoints the queue e)174 715.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E F2(N)
3.797 E F1(\(def)3.797 E 1.297(ault 10\) addresses sent.)-.1 F 1.296
(If your system)6.296 F EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-45)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .746(crashes during deli)174
96 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .746(ry to a lar).15 F .746(ge list, this pre)-.18 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G .746(nts retransmission to an).15 F 3.247(yb)-.15 G .747
(ut the)-3.447 F(last recipients.)174 108 Q(ClassF)102 124.2 Q(actor=)
-.15 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(fact)A F1 1.625([z] The indicated)4.29 F
F2(fact)4.124 E F1 1.624
(or is multiplied by the message class \(determined by the)B .718
(Precedence: \214eld in the user header and the)174 136.2 R F0(P)3.219 E
F1 .719(lines in the con\214guration \214le\) and)3.219 F 2.638
(subtracted from the priority)174 148.2 R 7.637(.T)-.65 G 2.637
(hus, messages with a higher Priority: will be)-7.637 F -.1(fa)174 160.2
S -.2(vo)-.1 G 2.5(red. Def).2 F(aults to 1800.)-.1 E 3.95
(ColonOkInAddr [no)102 176.4 R 4.679
(short name] If set, colons are acceptable in e-mail addresses \(e.g.,)
7.179 F 3.54(\231host:user\232\). If)174 188.4 R 1.04
(not set, colons indicate the be)3.54 F 1.04
(ginning of a RFC 822 group con-)-.15 F 1.987
(struct \(\231groupname: member1, member2, ... memberN;\232\).)174 200.4
R 1.988(Doubled colons are)6.988 F(al)174 212.4 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G 2.215(ys acceptable \(\231nodename::user\232\) and proper route-addr nesting is under)
.1 F(-)-.2 E 1.036(stood \(\231<@relay:user@host>\232\).)174 224.4 R
1.037(Furthermore, this option def)6.036 F 1.037(aults on if the con-)
-.1 F .854(\214guration v)174 236.4 R .854(ersion le)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25
G 3.354(li).15 G 3.354(sl)-3.354 G .853
(ess than 6 \(for back compatibility\).)-3.354 F(Ho)5.853 E(we)-.25 E
-.15(ve)-.25 G 1.653 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.353(tm).4 G(ust)-3.353 E(be of)174
248.4 Q 2.5(ff)-.25 G(or full compatibility with RFC 822.)-2.5 E
(ConnectionCacheSize=)102 264.6 Q F2(N)A F1 .242([k] The maximum number of open connections that will be cached at a time.)
174 276.6 R(The)5.243 E(def)174 288.6 Q .386(ault is one.)-.1 F .386
(This delays closing the current connection until either this in)5.386 F
-.2(vo)-.4 G(ca-).2 E 1.191(tion of)174 300.6 R F2(sendmail)3.691 E F1
1.191(needs to connect to another host or it terminates.)3.691 F 1.192
(Setting it to)6.192 F 2.047(zero def)174 312.6 R 2.047
(aults to the old beha)-.1 F(vior)-.2 E 4.546(,t)-.4 G 2.046
(hat is, connections are closed immediately)-4.546 F(.)-.65 E .266(Since this consumes \214le descriptors, the connection cache should be k)
174 324.6 R .266(ept small: 4)-.1 F(is probably a practical maximum.)174
336.6 Q(ConnectionCacheT)102 352.8 Q(imeout=)-.35 E F2(timeout)A F1 .708
([K] The maximum amount of time a cached connection will be permitted to idle)
174 364.8 R 1.082(without acti)174 376.8 R(vity)-.25 E 6.082(.I)-.65 G
3.582(ft)-6.082 G 1.083(his time is e)-3.582 F 1.083
(xceeded, the connection is immediately closed.)-.15 F .418(This v)174
388.8 R .418(alue should be small \(on the order of ten minutes\).)-.25
F(Before)5.418 E F2(sendmail)2.918 E F1 .417(uses a)2.917 F .507
(cached connection, it al)174 400.8 R -.1(wa)-.1 G .508
(ys sends a RSET command to check the connection; if).1 F .402(this f)
174 412.8 R .402(ails, it reopens the connection.)-.1 F .401(This k)
5.402 F .401(eeps your end from f)-.1 F .401(ailing if the other)-.1 F
1.544(end times out.)174 424.8 R 1.545
(The point of this option is to be a good netw)6.544 F 1.545
(ork neighbor and)-.1 F -.2(avo)174 436.8 S(id using up e).2 E(xcessi)
-.15 E .3 -.15(ve r)-.25 H(esources on the other end.).15 E(The def)5 E
(ault is \214v)-.1 E 2.5(em)-.15 G(inutes.)-2.5 E
(ConnectionRateThrottle=)102 453 Q F2(N)A F1 .211
([no short name] If set to a positi)174 465 R .511 -.15(ve v)-.25 H .211
(alue, allo)-.1 F 2.711(wn)-.25 G 2.71(om)-2.711 G .21(ore than)-2.71 F
F2(N)2.71 E F1 .21(incoming daemon)2.71 F 1.776
(connections in a one second period.)174 477 R 1.776
(This is intended to \215atten out peaks and)6.776 F(allo)174 489 Q 2.5
(wt)-.25 G(he load a)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(rage checking to cut in.).15 E
(Def)5 E(aults to zero \(no limits\).)-.1 E(DaemonPortOptions=)102 505.2
Q F2(options)A F1([O] Set serv)174 517.2 Q(er SMTP options.)-.15 E
(The options are)5 E F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(y=value)-.2 E F1 2.5(pairs. Kno)2.5
F(wn k)-.25 E -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.5(sa).15 G(re:)-2.5 E 52.83
(Port Name/number)214 533.4 R(of listening port \(def)2.5 E
(aults to "smtp"\))-.1 E 48.95(Addr Address)214 545.4 R(mask \(def)2.5 E
(aults IN)-.1 E(ADDR_ANY\))-.35 E -.15(Fa)214 557.4 S 41.31
(mily Address).15 F -.1(fa)2.5 G(mily \(def).1 E(aults to INET\))-.1 E
44.5(Listen Size)214 569.4 R(of listen queue \(def)2.5 E(aults to 10\))
-.1 E 21.72(SndBufSize Size)214 581.4 R(of TCP send b)2.5 E(uf)-.2 E
(fer)-.25 E 21.17(RcvBufSize Size)214 593.4 R(of TCP recei)2.5 E .3 -.15
(ve b)-.25 H(uf)-.05 E(fer)-.25 E(The)174 609.6 Q F2(Addr)2.5 E F1
(ess mask may be a numeric address in dot notation or a netw)A
(ork name.)-.1 E(Def)102 625.8 Q(aultCharSet=)-.1 E F2 -.15(ch)C(ar).15
E(set)-.1 E F1 .161
([no short name] When a message that has 8-bit characters b)174 637.8 R
.16(ut is not in MIME for)-.2 F(-)-.2 E .494(mat is con)174 649.8 R -.15
(ve)-.4 G .495
(rted to MIME \(see the EightBitMode option\) a character set must be)
.15 F .488(included in the Content-T)174 661.8 R .488(ype: header)-.8 F
5.488(.T)-.55 G .487(his character set is normally set from the)-5.488 F
.133(Charset= \214eld of the mailer descriptor)174 673.8 R 5.133(.I)-.55
G 2.633(ft)-5.133 G .133(hat is not set, the v)-2.633 F .133
(alue of this option is)-.25 F 2.5(used. If)174 685.8 R
(this option is not set, the v)2.5 E(alue \231unkno)-.25 E
(wn-8bit\232 is used.)-.25 E(Def)102 702 Q(aultUser=)-.1 E F2(user:gr)A
(oup)-.45 E F1 .014([u] Set the def)174 714 R .014
(ault userid for mailers to)-.1 F F2(user:gr)2.513 E(oup)-.45 E F1 5.013
(.I)C(f)-5.013 E F2(gr)2.513 E(oup)-.45 E F1 .013(is omitted and)2.513 F
F2(user)2.513 E F1(is)2.513 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-46 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 4.306(au)
174 96 S 1.807(ser name \(as opposed to a numeric user id\) the def)
-4.306 F 1.807(ault group listed in the)-.1 F 1.153
(/etc/passwd \214le for that user is used as the def)174 108 R 1.153
(ault group.)-.1 F(Both)6.153 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(user)3.653 E F1
(and)3.652 E F2(gr)3.652 E(oup)-.45 E F1 1.152(may be numeric.)174 120 R
1.152(Mailers without the)6.152 F F2(S)3.652 E F1 1.152
(\215ag in the mailer de\214nition will run as)3.652 F .142(this user)
174 134 R 5.142(.D)-.55 G(ef)-5.142 E .142(aults to 1:1.)-.1 F .142
(The v)5.142 F .142(alue can also be gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.642(na)
.15 G 2.642(sas)-2.642 G .142(ymbolic user name.)-2.642 F/F3 7
/Times-Roman@0 SF(20)-4 I F1(Deli)102 150.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ryMode=).15
E F2(x)A F1([d] Deli)4 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G 2.5(nm)-2.5 G(ode)
-2.5 E F2(x)2.5 E F1 5(.L)C -2.25 -.15(eg a)-5 H 2.5(lm).15 G(odes are:)
-2.5 E 17.22(iD)214 166.4 S(eli)-17.22 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G
(nteracti)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly \(synchronously\)).15 E 15(bD)214
178.4 S(eli)-15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G 2.5(nb)-2.5 G
(ackground \(asynchronously\))-2.5 E 15(qJ)214 190.4 S
(ust queue the message \(deli)-15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rd).15 G
(uring queue run\))-2.5 E 15(dD)214 202.4 S(efer deli)-15 E -.15(ve)-.25
G(ry and all map lookups \(deli).15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rd).15 G
(uring queue run\))-2.5 E(Def)174 218.6 Q .711(aults to `)-.1 F(`b')-.74
E 3.211('i)-.74 G 3.211(fn)-3.211 G 3.211(oo)-3.211 G .711
(ption is speci\214ed, `)-3.211 F(`i')-.74 E 3.211('i)-.74 G 3.211(fi)
-3.211 G 3.211(ti)-3.211 G 3.211(ss)-3.211 G .712(peci\214ed b)-3.211 F
.712(ut gi)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.212(nn).15 G 3.212(oa)-3.212 G -.18
(rg)-3.212 G(u-).18 E .094(ment \(i.e., `)174 230.6 R(`Od')-.74 E 2.594
('i)-.74 G 2.594(se)-2.594 G(qui)-2.594 E -.25(va)-.25 G .094(lent to `)
.25 F(`Odi')-.74 E 2.594('\). The)-.74 F F0<ad76>2.594 E F1 .094
(command line \215ag sets this to)2.594 F F0(i)2.594 E F1(.)A
(DialDelay=)102 246.8 Q F2(sleeptime)A F1 .798
([no short name] Dial-on-demand netw)174 258.8 R .798
(ork connections can see timeouts if a con-)-.1 F .665
(nection is opened before the call is set up.)174 270.8 R .665
(If this is set to an interv)5.665 F .665(al and a con-)-.25 F .742
(nection times out on the \214rst connection being attempted)174 282.8 R
F2(sendmail)3.243 E F1 .743(will sleep for)3.243 F .31
(this amount of time and try ag)174 294.8 R 2.81(ain. This)-.05 F .31
(should gi)2.81 F .61 -.15(ve y)-.25 H .31(our system time to establish)
.15 F 1.542(the connection to your service pro)174 306.8 R(vider)-.15 E
6.543(.U)-.55 G 1.543(nits def)-6.543 F 1.543
(ault to seconds, so \231DialDe-)-.1 F(lay=5\232 uses a \214v)174 318.8
Q 2.5(es)-.15 G(econd delay)-2.5 E 5(.D)-.65 G(ef)-5 E
(aults to zero \(no retry\).)-.1 E(DontBlameSendmail=)102 335 Q F2
(option,option,...)A F1 .065([no short name] In order to a)174 347 R -.2
(vo)-.2 G .064(id possible cracking attempts caused by w).2 F .064
(orld- and)-.1 F .254(group-writable \214les and directories,)174 359 R
F2(sendmail)2.754 E F1 .255(does paranoid checking when open-)2.754 F
.298(ing most of its support \214les.)174 371 R .297
(If for some reason you absolutely must run with, for)5.297 F -.15(ex)
174 383 S .176(ample, a group-writable).15 F F2(/etc)2.677 E F1
(directory)2.677 E 2.677(,t)-.65 G .177(hen you will ha)-2.677 F .477
-.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.677(ot).15 G .177(urn of)-2.677 F 2.677(ft)-.25 G .177
(his check-)-2.677 F .125
(ing \(at the cost of making your system more vulnerable to attack\).)
174 395 R .124(The ar)5.124 F(guments)-.18 E(are indi)174 407 Q
(vidual options that turn of)-.25 E 2.5(fc)-.25 G(hecking:)-2.5 E .32 LW
76 678.8 72 678.8 DL 80 678.8 76 678.8 DL 84 678.8 80 678.8 DL 88 678.8
84 678.8 DL 92 678.8 88 678.8 DL 96 678.8 92 678.8 DL 100 678.8 96 678.8
DL 104 678.8 100 678.8 DL 108 678.8 104 678.8 DL 112 678.8 108 678.8 DL
116 678.8 112 678.8 DL 120 678.8 116 678.8 DL 124 678.8 120 678.8 DL 128
678.8 124 678.8 DL 132 678.8 128 678.8 DL 136 678.8 132 678.8 DL 140
678.8 136 678.8 DL 144 678.8 140 678.8 DL 148 678.8 144 678.8 DL 152
678.8 148 678.8 DL 156 678.8 152 678.8 DL 160 678.8 156 678.8 DL 164
678.8 160 678.8 DL 168 678.8 164 678.8 DL 172 678.8 168 678.8 DL 176
678.8 172 678.8 DL 180 678.8 176 678.8 DL 184 678.8 180 678.8 DL 188
678.8 184 678.8 DL 192 678.8 188 678.8 DL 196 678.8 192 678.8 DL 200
678.8 196 678.8 DL 204 678.8 200 678.8 DL 208 678.8 204 678.8 DL 212
678.8 208 678.8 DL 216 678.8 212 678.8 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(20)93.6
689.2 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(The old)3.2 I/F6 8/Times-Bold@0 SF(g)2 E
F5(option has been combined into the)2 E F6(DefaultUser)2 E F5(option.)2
E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-47)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(Safe)214 96 Q(AssumeSafeCho)
214 108 Q(wn)-.25 E(ClassFileInUnsafeDirP)214 120 Q(ath)-.15 E
(ErrorHeaderInUnsafeDirP)214 132 Q(ath)-.15 E(FileDeli)214 144 Q -.15
(ve)-.25 G(ryT).15 E(oHardLink)-.8 E(FileDeli)214 156 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ryT).15 E(oSymLink)-.8 E -.15(Fo)214 168 S(rw).15 E
(ardFileInUnsafeDirP)-.1 E(ath)-.15 E -.15(Fo)214 180 S(rw).15 E
(ardFileInUnsafeDirP)-.1 E(athSafe)-.15 E -.15(Fo)214 192 S(rw).15 E
(ardFileIngroupWritableDirP)-.1 E(ath)-.15 E(GroupWritableAliasFile)214
204 Q(GroupWritableDirP)214 216 Q(athSafe)-.15 E(GroupWritableF)214 228
Q(orw)-.15 E(ardFileSafe)-.1 E(GroupWritableIncludeFileSafe)214 240 Q
(HelpFileinUnsafeDirP)214 252 Q(ath)-.15 E(IncludeFileInUnsafeDirP)214
264 Q(ath)-.15 E(IncludeFileInUnsafeDirP)214 276 Q(athSafe)-.15 E
(IncludeFileIngroupWritableDirP)214 288 Q(ath)-.15 E(Link)214 300 Q
(edAliasFileInWritableDir)-.1 E(Link)214 312 Q(edClassFileInWritableDir)
-.1 E(Link)214 324 Q(edF)-.1 E(orw)-.15 E(ardFileInWritableDir)-.1 E
(Link)214 336 Q(edIncludeFileInWritableDir)-.1 E(Link)214 348 Q
(edMapInWritableDir)-.1 E(Link)214 360 Q
(edServiceSwitchFileInWritableDir)-.1 E(MapInUnsafeDirP)214 372 Q(ath)
-.15 E(RunProgramInUnsafeDirP)214 384 Q(ath)-.15 E(RunWritableProgram)
214 396 Q -.8(Wo)214 408 S(rldWritableAliasFile).8 E(WriteMapT)214 420 Q
(oHardLink)-.8 E(WriteMapT)214 432 Q(oSymLink)-.8 E(WriteStatsT)214 444
Q(oHardLink)-.8 E(WriteStatsT)214 456 Q(oSymLink)-.8 E F0(Safe)174 472.2
Q F1 1.223(is the def)3.723 F 3.723(ault. The)-.1 F 1.224
(details of these \215ags are described abo)3.723 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15
E F0 1.224(Use of this)6.224 F(option is not r)174 484.2 Q(ecommended.)
-.18 E F1(DontExpandCnames)102 500.4 Q .559([no short name] The standards say that all host addresses used in a mail message)
174 512.4 R 1.407(must be fully canonical.)174 524.4 R -.15(Fo)6.407 G
3.907(re).15 G 1.407(xample, if your host is named \231Cruft.F)-4.057 F
(oo.ORG\232)-.15 E 1.462(and also has an alias of \231FTP)174 536.4 R
(.F)-1.11 E 1.462(oo.ORG\232, the former name must be used at all)-.15 F
2.63(times. This)174 548.4 R .131
(is enforced during host name canoni\214cation \($[ ... $] lookups\).)
2.63 F .131(If this)5.131 F .662(option is set, the protocols are ignored and the \231wrong\232 thing is done.)
174 560.4 R(Ho)5.661 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -.4(r,).15 G .455
(the IETF is mo)174 572.4 R .455(ving to)-.15 F -.1(wa)-.25 G .455
(rd changing this standard, so the beha).1 F .455(viour may become)-.2 F
3.01(acceptable. Please)174 584.4 R .509(note that hosts do)3.01 F .509
(wnstream may still re)-.25 F .509(write the address to be)-.25 F
(the true canonical name ho)174 596.4 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -.55
(r.).15 G 6.17(DontInitGroups [no)102 612.6 R .25(short name] If set,)
2.75 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.75 E F1 .25(will a)2.75 F -.2
(vo)-.2 G .25(id using the initgroups\(3\) call.).2 F .25(If you are)
5.25 F .583(running NIS, this causes a sequential scan of the groups.byname map, which can)
174 624.6 R .435(cause your NIS serv)174 636.6 R .435(er to be badly o)
-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .435(rloaded in a lar).15 F .436(ge domain.)-.18 F
.436(The cost of this)5.436 F .697(is that the only group found for users will be their primary group \(the one in the)
174 648.6 R(passw)174 660.6 Q 1.189(ord \214le\), which will mak)-.1 F
3.689<658c>-.1 G 1.189(le access permissions some)-3.689 F 1.189
(what more restric-)-.25 F(ti)174 672.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 5(.H).15 G
(as no ef)-5 E(fect on systems that don')-.25 E 2.5(th)-.18 G -2.25 -.2
(av e)-2.5 H(group lists.)2.7 E(DontProbeInterf)102 688.8 Q(aces)-.1 E
1.713([no short name])174 700.8 R F2(Sendmail)4.213 E F1 1.712
(normally \214nds the names of all interf)4.213 F 1.712(aces acti)-.1 F
2.012 -.15(ve o)-.25 H(n).15 E 1.103
(your machine when it starts up and adds their name to the)174 712.8 R
F0($=w)3.603 E F1 1.103(class of kno)3.603 F(wn)-.25 E 1.836
(host aliases.)174 724.8 R 1.836(If you ha)6.836 F 2.136 -.15(ve a l)-.2
H(ar).15 E 1.836(ge number of virtual interf)-.18 F 1.835
(aces or if your DNS)-.1 F EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-48 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(in)174 96
Q -.15(ve)-.4 G .958(rse lookups are slo).15 F 3.458(wt)-.25 G .958
(his can be time consuming.)-3.458 F .959(This option turns of)5.959 F
3.459(ft)-.25 G(hat)-3.459 E 2.974(probing. Ho)174 108 R(we)-.25 E -.15
(ve)-.25 G 1.274 -.4(r, y).15 H .474
(ou will need to be certain to include all v).4 F .473
(ariant names in the)-.25 F F0($=w)174 120 Q F1
(class by some other mechanism.)2.5 E -1.61(DontPruneRoutes [R])102
136.2 R(Normally)3.905 E(,)-.65 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.905
E F1 1.405(tries to eliminate an)3.905 F 3.905(yu)-.15 G 1.405
(nnecessary e)-3.905 F 1.405(xplicit routes when)-.15 F .155
(sending an error message \(as discussed in RFC 1123 \247 5.2.6\).)174
148.2 R -.15(Fo)5.154 G 2.654(re).15 G .154(xample, when)-2.804 F
(sending an error message to)174 160.2 Q(<@kno)214 176.4 Q(wn1,@kno)-.25
E(wn2,@kno)-.25 E(wn3:user@unkno)-.25 E(wn>)-.25 E F2(sendmail)174 192.6
Q F1 1.155(will strip of)3.655 F 3.655(ft)-.25 G 1.155(he \231@kno)
-3.655 F(wn1,@kno)-.25 E 1.155(wn2\232 in order to mak)-.25 F 3.655(et)
-.1 G 1.155(he route as)-3.655 F .813(direct as possible.)174 204.6 R
(Ho)5.813 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.613 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.313(ft).4 G
(he)-3.313 E F0(R)3.313 E F1 .812
(option is set, this will be disabled, and the)3.313 F .009
(mail will be sent to the \214rst address in the route, e)174 216.6 R
-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.51(ni).15 G 2.51(fl)-2.51 G .01(ater addresses are kno)
-2.51 F(wn.)-.25 E(This may be useful if you are caught behind a \214re)
174 228.6 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(ll.).1 E(DoubleBounceAddress=)102 244.8 Q F2
(err)A(or)-.45 E(-addr)-.2 E(ess)-.37 E F1 .504([no short name] If an error occurs when sending an error message, send the error)
174 256.8 R 1.999(report \(termed a \231double bounce\232 because it is an error \231bounce\232 that occurs)
174 268.8 R .818(when trying to send another error \231bounce\232\) to the indicated address.)
174 280.8 R .817(If not set,)5.817 F(def)174 292.8 Q
(aults to \231postmaster\232.)-.1 E(EightBitMode=)102 309 Q F2(action)A
F1 1.955([8] Set handling of eight-bit data.)174 321 R 1.955
(There are tw)6.955 F 4.456(ok)-.1 G 1.956(inds of eight-bit data: that)
-4.456 F 3.335(declared as such using the)174 333 R F0(BOD)5.834 E
(Y=8BITMIME)-.4 E F1 3.334(ESMTP declaration or the)5.834 F F0
(\255B8BITMIME)174 345 Q F1 .948
(command line \215ag, and undeclared 8-bit data, that is, input that)
3.448 F 1.18(just happens to be eight bits.)174 357 R 1.18
(There are three basic operations that can happen:)6.18 F .995
(undeclared 8-bit data can be automatically con)174 369 R -.15(ve)-.4 G
.996(rted to 8BITMIME, undeclared).15 F .887
(8-bit data can be passed as-is without con)174 381 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .887
(rsion to MIME \(`).15 F .887(`just send 8')-.74 F .886('\), and)-.74 F
1.794(declared 8-bit data can be con)174 393 R -.15(ve)-.4 G 1.794
(rted to 7-bits for transmission to a non-8BIT).15 F(-)-.92 E
(MIME mailer)174 405 Q 5(.T)-.55 G(he possible)-5 E F2(action)2.5 E F1
2.5(sa)C(re:)-2.5 E 11.11(sR)219 421.2 S
(eject undeclared 8-bit data \(`)-11.11 E(`strict')-.74 E('\))-.74 E
7.22(mC)219 433.2 S(on)-7.22 E -.15(ve)-.4 G
(rt undeclared 8-bit data to MIME \(`).15 E(`mime')-.74 E('\))-.74 E 10
(pP)219 445.2 S(ass undeclared 8-bit data \(`)-10.15 E(`pass')-.74 E
('\))-.74 E 2.228
(In all cases properly declared 8BITMIME data will be con)174 461.4 R
-.15(ve)-.4 G 2.227(rted to 7BIT as).15 F(needed.)174 473.4 Q
(ErrorHeader=)102 489.6 Q F2(\214le-or)A(-messa)-.2 E -.1(ge)-.1 G F1
.486([E] Prepend error messages with the indicated message.)174 501.6 R
.486(If it be)5.486 F .487(gins with a slash,)-.15 F .246(it is assumed to be the pathname of a \214le containing a message \(this is the recom-)
174 513.6 R .86(mended setting\).)174 525.6 R .86
(Otherwise, it is a literal message.)5.86 F .86
(The error \214le might contain)5.86 F 1.116(the name, email address, and/or phone number of a local postmaster who could)
174 537.6 R(pro)174 549.6 Q .173(vide assistance in to end users.)-.15 F
.174(If the option is missing or null, or if it names a)5.173 F
(\214le which does not e)174 561.6 Q
(xist or which is not readable, no message is printed.)-.15 E
(ErrorMode=)102 577.8 Q F2(x)A F1([e] Dispose of errors using mode)17.49
E F2(x)2.5 E F1 5(.T)C(he v)-5 E(alues for)-.25 E F2(x)2.5 E F1(are:)2.5
E 15(pP)214 594 S(rint error messages \(def)-15 E(ault\))-.1 E 15(qN)214
606 S 2.5(om)-15 G(essages, just gi)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve ex)-.25 H
(it status).15 E 12.22(mM)214 618 S(ail back errors)-12.22 E 12.78(wW)
214 630 S(rite back errors \(mail if user not logged in\))-12.78 E 15.56
(eM)214 642 S(ail back errors and gi)-15.56 E .3 -.15(ve z)-.25 H(ero e)
.15 E(xit stat al)-.15 E -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys).1 E -.15(Fa)102 662.4 S
(llbackMXhost=).15 E F2(fallbac)A(khost)-.2 E F1 .797
([V] If speci\214ed, the)174 674.4 R F2(fallbac)3.297 E(khost)-.2 E F1
.797(acts lik)3.297 F 3.296(eav)-.1 G .796(ery lo)-3.446 F 3.296(wp)-.25
G .796(riority MX on e)-3.296 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .796(ry host.).15 F
(This is intended to be used by sites with poor netw)174 686.4 Q
(ork connecti)-.1 E(vity)-.25 E(.)-.65 E -.15(Fo)102 702.6 S 16.88
(rkEachJob [Y]).15 F .707(If set, deli)3.207 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.207(re)
.15 G .708(ach job that is run from the queue in a separate process.)
-3.207 F(Use)5.708 E 2.753(this option if you are short of memory)174
714.6 R 5.252(,s)-.65 G 2.752(ince the def)-5.252 F 2.752
(ault tends to consume)-.1 F EP
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(SMM:08-49)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(considerable amounts of memory while the queue is being processed.)174
96 Q -.15(Fo)102 112.2 S(rw).15 E(ardP)-.1 E(ath=)-.15 E/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(path)A F1 1.511
([J] Set the path for searching for users' .forw)174 124.2 R 1.512
(ard \214les.)-.1 F 1.512(The def)6.512 F 1.512(ault is \231$z/.for)-.1
F(-)-.2 E -.1(wa)174 136.2 S 5.8(rd\232. Some).1 F 3.299
(sites that use the automounter may prefer to change this to)5.8 F
(\231/v)174 148.2 Q(ar/forw)-.25 E 1.696(ard/$u\232 to search a \214le with the same name as the user in a system)
-.1 F(directory)174 160.2 Q 5.488(.I)-.65 G 2.988(tc)-5.488 G .488
(an also be set to a sequence of paths separated by colons;)-2.988 F F2
(sendmail)2.987 E F1 .831
(stops at the \214rst \214le it can successfully and safely open.)174
172.2 R -.15(Fo)5.831 G 3.331(re).15 G .831(xample, \231/v)-3.481 F
(ar/for)-.25 E(-)-.2 E -.1(wa)174 184.2 S(rd/$u:$z/.forw).1 E .277
(ard\232 will search \214rst in /v)-.1 F(ar/forw)-.25 E(ard/)-.1 E F2
(username)A F1 .276(and then in)2.777 F F2(~user)2.776 E(-)-.2 E(name)
174 196.2 Q F1(/.forw)A(ard \(b)-.1 E
(ut only if the \214rst \214le does not e)-.2 E(xist\).)-.15 E
(HelpFile=)102 212.4 Q F2(\214le)A F1
([H] Specify the help \214le for SMTP)19.14 E(.)-1.11 E(HoldExpensi)102
228.6 Q 8.54 -.15(ve [)-.25 H 1.393(c] If an outgoing mailer is mark).15
F 1.393(ed as being e)-.1 F(xpensi)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.894(,d).15 G
(on')-3.894 E 3.894(tc)-.18 G 1.394(onnect immedi-)-3.894 F(ately)174
240.6 Q 5.268(.T)-.65 G .268(his requires that queueing be compiled in, since it will depend on a queue)
-5.268 F(run process to actually send the mail.)174 252.6 Q(HostsFile=)
102 268.8 Q F2(path)A F1 .026([no short name] The path to the hosts database, normally \231/etc/hosts\232.)
10.24 F .026(This option)5.026 F 1.417(is only consulted when sendmail is canonifying addresses, and then only when)
174 280.8 R .783
(\231\214les\232 is in the \231hosts\232 service switch entry)174 292.8
R 5.784(.I)-.65 G 3.284(np)-5.784 G(articular)-3.284 E 3.284(,t)-.4 G
.784(his \214le is)-3.284 F F2(ne)3.284 E(ver)-.15 E F1(used)3.284 E
.202(when looking up host addresses; that is under the control of the system)
174 304.8 R F2 -.1(ge)2.702 G(thostby-).1 E(name)174 316.8 Q F1
(\(3\) routine.)A(HostStatusDirectory=)102 333 Q F2(path)A F1 .43
([no short name] The location of the long term host status information.)
174 345 R .43(When set,)5.43 F 1.39
(information about the status of hosts \(e.g., host do)174 357 R 1.39
(wn or not accepting connec-)-.25 F .162
(tions\) will be shared between all)174 369 R F2(sendmail)2.663 E F1
.163(processes; normally)2.663 F 2.663(,t)-.65 G .163
(his information is)-2.663 F .123(only held within a single queue run.)
174 381 R .123(This option requires a connection cache of at)5.123 F
.688(least 1 to function.)174 393 R .688(If the option be)5.688 F .688
(gins with a leading `/', it is an absolute path-)-.15 F .617
(name; otherwise, it is relati)174 405 R .917 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 3.117(ot)
.15 G .617(he mail queue directory)-3.117 F 5.617(.A)-.65 G .617
(suggested v)-2.5 F .616(alue for)-.25 F .558(sites desiring persistent host status is \231.hoststat\232 \(i.e., a subdirectory of the queue)
174 417 R(directory\).)174 429 Q 24.51(IgnoreDots [i])102 445.2 R 1.172
(Ignore dots in incoming messages.)3.672 F 1.172(This is al)6.172 F -.1
(wa)-.1 G 1.171(ys disabled \(that is, dots are).1 F(al)174 457.2 Q -.1
(wa)-.1 G(ys accepted\) when reading SMTP mail.).1 E(LogLe)102 473.4 Q
-.15(ve)-.25 G(l=).15 E F2(n)A F1([L] Set the log le)22.88 E -.15(ve)
-.25 G 2.5(lt).15 G(o)-2.5 E F2(n)2.5 E F1 5(.D)C(ef)-5 E(aults to 9.)
-.1 E(M)102 489.6 Q F2 1.666(xv)C(alue)-1.666 E F1 .255([no long v)
35.344 F .255(ersion] Set the macro)-.15 F F2(x)2.755 E F1(to)2.755 E F2
(value)2.755 E F1 5.255(.T)C .255(his is intended only for use from the)
-5.255 F(command line.)174 501.6 Q(The)5 E F0<ad4d>2.5 E F1
(\215ag is preferred.)2.5 E 11.17(MatchGECOS [G])102 517.8 R(Allo)3.334
E 3.334(wf)-.25 G .834(uzzy matching on the GECOS \214eld.)-3.334 F .833
(If this \215ag is set, and the usual)5.833 F .867(user name lookups f)
174 529.8 R .867(ail \(that is, there is no alias with this name and a)
-.1 F F2 -.1(ge)3.368 G(tpwnam).1 E F1 -.1(fa)174 541.8 S 1.155
(ils\), sequentially search the passw).1 F 1.155
(ord \214le for a matching entry in the GECOS)-.1 F 3.696(\214eld. This)
174 553.8 R 1.196(also requires that MA)3.696 F 1.196
(TCHGECOS be turned on during compilation.)-1.11 F
(This option is not recommended.)174 565.8 Q(MaxDaemonChildren=)102 582
Q F2(N)A F1 .54([no short name] If set,)174 594 R F2(sendmail)3.039 E F1
.539(will refuse connections when it has more than)3.039 F F2(N)3.039 E
F1 1.086(children processing incoming mail.)174 606 R 1.087
(This does not limit the number of outgoing)6.086 F 3.37
(connections. If)174 618 R .87
(not set, there is no limit to the number of children -- that is, the)
3.37 F(system load a)174 630 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G(raging controls this.).15 E
(MaxHopCount=)102 646.2 Q F2(N)A F1 1.237([h] The maximum hop count.)174
658.2 R 1.237(Messages that ha)6.237 F 1.538 -.15(ve b)-.2 H 1.238
(een processed more than).15 F F2(N)3.738 E F1
(times are assumed to be in a loop and are rejected.)174 670.2 Q(Def)5 E
(aults to 25.)-.1 E(MaxHostStatAge=)102 686.4 Q F2 -.1(age)C F1 .439
([no short name] Not yet implemented.)174 698.4 R .438
(This option speci\214es ho)5.438 F 2.938(wl)-.25 G .438
(ong host status)-2.938 F .36(information will be retained.)174 710.4 R
-.15(Fo)5.36 G 2.86(re).15 G .36(xample, if a host is found to be do)
-3.01 F .36(wn, connec-)-.25 F .246
(tions to that host will not be retried for this interv)174 722.4 R
2.746(al. The)-.25 F .246(units def)2.746 F .246(ault to minutes.)-.1 F
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(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(MaxMessageSize=)102 96 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(N)A F1 2.562
([no short name] Specify the maximum message size to be adv)174 108 R
2.563(ertised in the)-.15 F(ESMTP EHLO response.)174 120 Q(Messages lar)
5 E(ger than this will be rejected.)-.18 E(MaxQueueRunSize=)102 136.2 Q
F2(N)A F1 .677([no short name] The maximum number of jobs that will be processed in a single)
174 148.2 R .501(queue run.)174 160.2 R .501
(If not set, there is no limit on the size.)5.501 F .501(If you ha)5.501
F .802 -.15(ve ve)-.2 H .502(ry lar).15 F .502(ge queues)-.18 F .445
(or a v)174 172.2 R .445(ery short queue run interv)-.15 F .445
(al this could be unstable.)-.25 F(Ho)5.445 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
1.245 -.4(r, s).15 H .445(ince the \214rst).4 F F2(N)174 184.2 Q F1
1.115(jobs in queue directory order are run \(rather than the)3.615 F F2
(N)3.615 E F1 1.115(highest priority jobs\))3.615 F .136
(this should be set as high as possible to a)174 196.2 R -.2(vo)-.2 G
.136(id \231losing\232 jobs that happen to f).2 F .136(all late)-.1 F
(in the queue directory)174 208.2 Q(.)-.65 E(MaxRecipientsPerMessage=)
102 224.4 Q F2(N)A F1 1.672([no short name] The maximum number of recipients that will be accepted per)
174 236.4 R 1.459(message in an SMTP transaction.)174 248.4 R 1.458
(Note: setting this too lo)6.458 F 3.958(wc)-.25 G 1.458
(an interfere with)-3.958 F .048(sending mail from MU)174 260.4 R .048
(As that use SMTP for initial submission.)-.4 F .049
(If not set, there is)5.049 F
(no limit on the number of recipients per en)174 272.4 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G
(lope.).15 E(MeT)102 288.6 Q 40.86(oo [m])-.8 F(Send to me too, e)2.5 E
-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fIa)-2.5 G 2.5(mi)-2.5 G 2.5(na)-2.5 G
2.5(na)-2.5 G(lias e)-2.5 E(xpansion.)-.15 E(MinFreeBlocks=)102 304.8 Q
F2(N)A F1 1.539([b] Insist on at least)174 316.8 R F2(N)4.039 E F1 1.538
(blocks free on the \214lesystem that holds the queue \214les)4.039 F
.845(before accepting email via SMTP)174 328.8 R 5.846(.I)-1.11 G 3.346
(ft)-5.846 G .846(here is insuf)-3.346 F .846(\214cient space)-.25 F F2
(sendmail)3.346 E F1(gi)3.346 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.346(sa).15 G
(452 response to the MAIL command.)174 340.8 Q(This in)5 E
(vites the sender to try ag)-.4 E(ain later)-.05 E(.)-.55 E
(MinQueueAge=age)102 357 Q .887([no short name] Don')174 369 R 3.387(tp)
-.18 G .887(rocess an)-3.387 F 3.387(yq)-.15 G .886(ueued jobs that ha)
-3.387 F 1.186 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .886(een in the queue less).15 F 1.899
(than the indicated time interv)174 381 R 4.399(al. This)-.25 F 1.899
(is intended to allo)4.399 F 4.399(wy)-.25 G 1.9(ou to get respon-)
-4.399 F(si)174 393 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .665
(ness by processing the queue f).15 F .665
(airly frequently without thrashing your system)-.1 F
(by trying jobs too often.)174 405 Q(The def)5 E
(ault units are minutes.)-.1 E(MustQuoteChars=)102 421.2 Q F2(s)A F1
1.252([no short name] Sets the list of characters that must be quoted if used in a full)
174 433.2 R 1.217(name that is in the phrase part of a `)174 445.2 R
1.217(`phrase <address>')-.74 F 3.717('s)-.74 G 3.717(yntax. The)-3.717
F(def)3.717 E 1.217(ault is)-.1 F -.74(``)174 457.2 S<b42e>.74 E -.74
('')-.7 G 5(.T).74 G(he characters `)-5 E(`@,;:\\\(\)[]')-.74 E 2.5('a)
-.74 G(re al)-2.5 E -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys added to this list.).1 E
(NoRecipientAction)102 473.4 Q .554([no short name] The action to tak)
174 485.4 R 3.055(ew)-.1 G .555(hen you recei)-3.055 F .855 -.15(ve a m)
-.25 H .555(essage that has no v).15 F(alid)-.25 E .625
(recipient headers \(T)174 497.4 R .625(o:, Cc:, Bcc:, or Apparently-T)
-.8 F .625(o: \212 the last included for back)-.8 F .108
(compatibility with old)174 509.4 R F2(sendmail)2.608 E F1 2.608
(s\). It)B .108(can be)2.608 F F0(None)2.608 E F1 .109
(to pass the message on unmod-)2.609 F .297
(i\214ed, which violates the protocol,)174 521.4 R F0(Add-T)2.796 E(o)
-.92 E F1 .296(to add a T)2.796 F .296(o: header with an)-.8 F 2.796(yr)
-.15 G(ecipients)-2.796 E 1.638(it can \214nd in the en)174 533.4 R -.15
(ve)-.4 G 1.638(lope \(which might e).15 F 1.638
(xpose Bcc: recipients\),)-.15 F F0(Add-A)4.139 E(ppar)-.25 E(-)-.37 E
(ently-T)174 545.4 Q(o)-.92 E F1 .338(to add an Apparently-T)2.838 F
.337(o: header \(this is only for back-compatibility and)-.8 F .841
(is of)174 557.4 R .841(\214cially deprecated\),)-.25 F F0(Add-T)3.341 E
(o-Undisclosed)-.92 E F1 .841(to add a header \231T)3.341 F .842
(o: undisclosed-)-.8 F .398(recipients:;\232 to mak)174 569.4 R 2.898
(et)-.1 G .397(he header le)-2.898 F -.05(ga)-.15 G 2.897(lw).05 G .397
(ithout disclosing an)-2.897 F .397(ything, or)-.15 F F0(Add-Bcc)2.897 E
F1(to)2.897 E(add an empty Bcc: header)174 581.4 Q(.)-.55 E 1.18
(OldStyleHeaders [o])102 597.6 R 1.713(Assume that the headers may be in old format, i.e., spaces delimit names.)
4.213 F 1.069(This actually turns on an adapti)174 609.6 R 1.368 -.15
(ve a)-.25 H 1.068(lgorithm: if an).15 F 3.568(yr)-.15 G 1.068
(ecipient address contains a)-3.568 F 1.681
(comma, parenthesis, or angle brack)174 621.6 R 1.681
(et, it will be assumed that commas already)-.1 F -.15(ex)174 633.6 S
2.825(ist. If).15 F .325
(this \215ag is not on, only commas delimit names.)2.825 F .325
(Headers are al)5.325 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .325(ys out-).1 F
(put with commas between the names.)174 645.6 Q(Def)5 E(aults to of)-.1
E(f.)-.25 E(OperatorChars=)102 661.8 Q F2 -.15(ch)C(arlist).15 E F1
1.438([$o macro] The list of characters that are considered to be \231operators\232, that is,)
174 673.8 R .82(characters that delimit tok)174 685.8 R 3.32(ens. All)
-.1 F .82(operator characters are tok)3.32 F .82(ens by themselv)-.1 F
(es;)-.15 E .078(sequences of non-operator characters are also tok)174
697.8 R 2.578(ens. White)-.1 F .078(space characters sep-)2.578 F .27
(arate tok)174 709.8 R .27(ens b)-.1 F .269(ut are not tok)-.2 F .269
(ens themselv)-.1 F .269(es \212 for e)-.15 F .269(xample, \231)-.15 F
.269(AAA.BBB\232 has three)-.8 F(tok)174 721.8 Q .433(ens, b)-.1 F .433
(ut \231)-.2 F .433(AAA BBB\232 has tw)-.8 F 2.933(o. If)-.1 F .433
(not set, OperatorChars def)2.933 F .433(aults to \231.)-.1 F 1.666
(:@[])1.666 G<9a3b>-1.666 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-51)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(additionally)174 96 Q 2.5(,t)
-.65 G(he characters \231\()-2.5 E 1.666(\)<>,;)1.666 G 2.5<9a61>-1.666
G(re al)-2.5 E -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys operators.).1 E(PostmasterCop)102 112.2 Q
(y=)-.1 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(postmaster)A F1 .003
([P] If set, copies of error messages will be sent to the named)174
124.2 R F2(postmaster)2.503 E F1 5.003(.O)C .003(nly the)-5.003 F .626
(header of the f)174 136.2 R .626(ailed message is sent.)-.1 F .627
(Since most errors are user problems, this is)5.626 F .453
(probably not a good idea on lar)174 148.2 R .453(ge sites, and ar)-.18
F .453(guably contains all sorts of pri)-.18 F -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy)
.25 G 1.978(violations, b)174 160.2 R 1.978
(ut it seems to be popular with certain operating systems v)-.2 F
(endors.)-.15 E(Def)174 172.2 Q(aults to no postmaster copies.)-.1 E
(Pri)102 188.4 Q -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G(Options=).15 E F2
(opt,opt,...)1.666 E F1 1.192([p] Set the pri)174 200.4 R -.25(va)-.25 G
-.15(cy).25 G F2(opt)3.842 E F1 3.692(ions. `)B(`Pri)-.74 E -.25(va)-.25
G -.15(cy).25 G 2.672 -.74('' i).15 H 3.692(sr).74 G 1.191
(eally a misnomer; man)-3.692 F 3.691(yo)-.15 G 3.691(ft)-3.691 G 1.191
(hese are)-3.691 F .928(just a w)174 212.4 R .928
(ay of insisting on stricter adherence to the SMTP protocol.)-.1 F(The)
5.929 E F2(opt)3.429 E F1(ions)A(can be selected from:)174 224.4 Q 40.26
(public Allo)214 240.6 R 2.5(wo)-.25 G(pen access)-2.5 E 11.38
(needmailhelo Insist)214 252.6 R(on HELO or EHLO command before MAIL)2.5
E(neede)214 264.6 Q 9.87(xpnhelo Insist)-.15 F
(on HELO or EHLO command before EXPN)2.5 E(noe)214 276.6 Q 35.97
(xpn Disallo)-.15 F 2.5(wE)-.25 G(XPN entirely)-2.5 E 12.5
(needvrfyhelo Insist)214 288.6 R(on HELO or EHLO command before VRFY)2.5
E(no)214 300.6 Q 38.75(vrfy Disallo)-.15 F 2.5(wV)-.25 G(RFY entirely)
-2.5 E 39.71(noetrn Disallo)214 312.6 R 2.5(wE)-.25 G(TRN entirely)-2.5
E(no)214 324.6 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 37.79(rb Disallo).15 F 2.5(wV)-.25 G
(ERB entirely)-2.5 E 14.71(restrictmailq Restrict)214 336.6 R
(mailq command)2.5 E 19.16(restrictqrun Restrict)214 348.6 R
(\255q command line \215ag)2.5 E 24.16(noreceipts Don')214 362.6 R 2.5
(tr)-.18 G(eturn success DSNs)-2.5 E/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(21)-4 I F1
(goa)214 374.6 Q -.1(wa)-.15 G 36.91(yD).1 G(isallo)-36.91 E 2.5(we)-.25
G(ssentially all SMTP status queries)-2.5 E(authw)214 386.6 Q 11.48
(arnings Put)-.1 F(X-Authentication-W)2.5 E(arning: headers in messages)
-.8 E .485(The \231goa)174 402.8 R -.1(wa)-.15 G .485
(y\232 pseudo-\215ag sets all \215ags e).1 F .486
(xcept \231restrictmailq\232 and \231restrictqrun\232.)-.15 F 1.175(If mailq is restricted, only people in the same group as the queue directory can)
174 414.8 R .207(print the queue.)174 426.8 R .207
(If queue runs are restricted, only root and the o)5.207 F .208
(wner of the queue)-.25 F .066(directory can run the queue.)174 438.8 R
.066(Authentication W)5.066 F .066(arnings add w)-.8 F .066
(arnings about v)-.1 F(arious)-.25 E .77(conditions that may indicate attempts to spoof the mail system, such as using an)
174 450.8 R(non-standard queue directory)174 462.8 Q(.)-.65 E
(QueueDirectory=)102 479 Q F2(dir)A F1([Q] Use the named)174 491 Q F2
(dir)2.5 E F1(as the queue directory)2.5 E(.)-.65 E(QueueF)102 507.2 Q
(actor=)-.15 E F2(factor)A F1 .614([q] Use)174 519.2 R F2(factor)3.114 E
F1 .613
(as the multiplier in the map function to decide when to just queue)
3.114 F .415(up jobs rather than run them.)174 531.2 R .415(This v)5.415
F .415(alue is di)-.25 F .415(vided by the dif)-.25 F .415
(ference between the)-.25 F 1.004(current load a)174 543.2 R -.15(ve)-.2
G 1.004(rage and the load a).15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.004(rage limit \().15
F F0(QueueLA)A F1 1.003(option\) to determine)3.503 F
(the maximum message priority that will be sent.)174 555.2 Q(Def)5 E
(aults to 600000.)-.1 E(QueueLA=)102 571.4 Q F2(LA)A F1 .164
([x] When the system load a)15.26 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .165(rage e).15 F
(xceeds)-.15 E F2(LA)2.665 E F1 2.665(,j)C .165
(ust queue messages \(i.e., don')-2.665 F 2.665(tt)-.18 G(ry)-2.665 E
(to send them\).)174 583.4 Q(Def)5 E(aults to 8.)-.1 E(QueueSortOrder=)
102 599.6 Q F2(algorithm)A F1 .097([no short name] Sets the)174 611.6 R
F2(algorithm)2.597 E F1 .096(used for sorting the queue.)2.597 F .096
(Only the \214rst char)5.096 F(-)-.2 E 1.021(acter of the v)174 623.6 R
1.021(alue is used.)-.25 F(Le)6.021 E -.05(ga)-.15 G 3.521(lv).05 G
1.021(alues are \231host\232 \(to order by the name of the)-3.771 F .002
(\214rst host name of the \214rst recipient\), \231time\232 \(to order by the submission time\), and)
174 635.6 R .986(\231priority\232 \(to order by message priority\).)174
647.6 R .986(Host ordering mak)5.986 F .986(es better use of the)-.1 F
1.834(connection cache, b)174 659.6 R 1.833(ut may tend to process lo)
-.2 F 4.333(wp)-.25 G 1.833(riority messages that go to a)-4.333 F .32
LW 76 669.2 72 669.2 DL 80 669.2 76 669.2 DL 84 669.2 80 669.2 DL 88
669.2 84 669.2 DL 92 669.2 88 669.2 DL 96 669.2 92 669.2 DL 100 669.2 96
669.2 DL 104 669.2 100 669.2 DL 108 669.2 104 669.2 DL 112 669.2 108
669.2 DL 116 669.2 112 669.2 DL 120 669.2 116 669.2 DL 124 669.2 120
669.2 DL 128 669.2 124 669.2 DL 132 669.2 128 669.2 DL 136 669.2 132
669.2 DL 140 669.2 136 669.2 DL 144 669.2 140 669.2 DL 148 669.2 144
669.2 DL 152 669.2 148 669.2 DL 156 669.2 152 669.2 DL 160 669.2 156
669.2 DL 164 669.2 160 669.2 DL 168 669.2 164 669.2 DL 172 669.2 168
669.2 DL 176 669.2 172 669.2 DL 180 669.2 176 669.2 DL 184 669.2 180
669.2 DL 188 669.2 184 669.2 DL 192 669.2 188 669.2 DL 196 669.2 192
669.2 DL 200 669.2 196 669.2 DL 204 669.2 200 669.2 DL 208 669.2 204
669.2 DL 212 669.2 208 669.2 DL 216 669.2 212 669.2 DL/F4 5
/Times-Roman@0 SF(21)93.6 679.6 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .817(N.B.: the)
3.2 J/F6 8/Times-Bold@0 SF(nor)2.817 E(eceipts)-.144 E F5 .817
(\215ag causes)2.817 F/F7 8/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.817 E F5 .817
(to violate RFC 1891, which requires that return receipts be pro)2.817 F
.816(vided if Deli)-.12 F -.12(ve)-.2 G(ry).12 E
(Status Noti\214cations are supported.)72 692.4 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-52 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 2.605
(single host o)174 96 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.106(rh).15 G 2.606
(igh priority messages that go to se)-5.106 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.606
(ral hosts; it probably).15 F(shouldn')174 108 Q 3.419(tb)-.18 G 3.419
(eu)-3.419 G .919(sed on slo)-3.419 F 3.419(wn)-.25 G(etw)-3.419 E .919
(ork links.)-.1 F -.35(Ti)5.918 G .918(me ordering is almost al).35 F
-.1(wa)-.1 G .918(ys a bad).1 F .844(idea, since it allo)174 120 R .844
(ws lar)-.25 F .844(ge, b)-.18 F .844(ulk mail to go out before smaller)
-.2 F 3.345(,p)-.4 G .845(ersonal mail, b)-3.345 F(ut)-.2 E .708(may ha)
174 132 R 1.008 -.15(ve a)-.2 H .707(pplicability on some hosts with v)
.15 F .707(ery f)-.15 F .707(ast connections.)-.1 F .707(Priority order)
5.707 F(-)-.2 E(ing is the def)174 144 Q(ault.)-.1 E(QueueT)102 160.2 Q
(imeout=)-.35 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(timeout)A F1 .355([T] A synon)
174 172.2 R .355(ym for \231T)-.15 F 2.855(imeout.queuereturn\232. Use)
-.35 F .356(that form instead of the \231Queue-)2.855 F -.35(Ti)174
184.2 S(meout\232 form.).35 E(Resolv)102 200.4 Q(erOptions=)-.15 E F2
(options)A F1 .128([I] Set resolv)174 212.4 R .127(er options.)-.15 F
-1.11(Va)5.127 G .127(lues can be set using)1.11 F F0(+)2.627 E F2<8d61>
A(g)-.1 E F1 .127(and cleared using)2.627 F F0<ad>2.627 E F2<8d61>A(g)
-.1 E F1 2.627(;t)C(he)-2.627 E F2<8d61>174 224.4 Q(g)-.1 E F1 5.013(sc)
C 2.513(an be \231deb)-5.013 F 2.513(ug\232, \231aaonly\232, \231use)-.2
F 2.514
(vc\232, \231primary\232, \231igntc\232, \231recurse\232, \231def-)-.25
F .867(names\232, \231stayopen\232, or \231dnsrch\232.)174 236.4 R .867
(The string \231HasW)5.867 F .867(ildcardMX\232 \(without a)-.4 F F0(+)
3.367 E F1(or)3.367 E F0<ad>174 248.4 Q F1 3.82(\)c)C 1.32
(an be speci\214ed to turn of)-3.82 F 3.82(fm)-.25 G 1.32(atching ag)
-3.82 F 1.32(ainst MX records when doing name)-.05 F(canoni\214cations.)
174 260.4 Q F0(N.B.)5.918 E F1 .917
(Prior to 8.7, this option indicated that the name serv)5.918 F .917
(er be)-.15 F 1.025(responding in order to accept addresses.)174 272.4 R
1.025(This has been replaced by checking to)6.025 F .078(see if the \231dns\232 method is listed in the service switch entry for the \231hosts\232 service.)
174 284.4 R(RunAsUser=)102 300.6 Q F2(user)A F1 3.752
([no short name] The)2.48 F F2(user)6.252 E F1 3.752
(parameter may be a user name \(look)6.252 F 3.753(ed up in)-.1 F F2
(/etc/passwd)174 312.6 Q F1 3.046(\)o)C 3.046(ran)-3.046 G .546
(umeric user id; either form can ha)-3.046 F .846 -.15(ve \231)-.2 H
.545(:group\232 attached \(where).15 F .965
(group can be numeric or symbolic\).)174 324.6 R .966
(If set to a non-zero \(non-root\) v)5.965 F(alue,)-.25 E F2(send-)3.466
E(mail)174 338.6 Q F1 .484
(will change to this user id shortly after startup)2.984 F/F3 7
/Times-Roman@0 SF(22)-4 I F1 5.483(.T)4 K .483(his a)-5.483 F -.2(vo)-.2
G .483(ids a certain class).2 F 1.844(of security problems.)174 350.6 R
(Ho)6.844 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.644 -.4(r, t).15 H 1.844
(his means that all \231.forw).4 F 1.844(ard\232 and \231:include:\232)
-.1 F .194(\214les must be readable by the indicated)174 362.6 R F2
(user)2.694 E F1 2.694(,a)C .193(nd on systems that don')-2.694 F 2.693
(ts)-.18 G .193(upport the)-2.693 F(sa)174 374.6 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.894
(du).15 G .394(id bit properly)-2.894 F 2.894(,a)-.65 G .394
(ll \214les to be written must be writable by)-2.894 F F2(user)2.895 E
F1 .395(and all pro-)2.895 F 1.218(grams will be e)174 386.6 R -.15(xe)
-.15 G 1.218(cuted by).15 F F2(user)3.718 E F1 6.218(.I)C 3.717(ti)
-6.218 G 3.717(sa)-3.717 G 1.217(lso incompatible with the)-3.717 F F0
(SafeFileEn)3.717 E(vi-)-.4 E -.18(ro)174 398.6 S(nment).18 E F1 3.177
(option. In)3.177 F .677(other w)3.177 F .677
(ords, it may not actually add much to security on an)-.1 F -2.25 -.2
(av e)174 410.6 T .624(rage system, and may in f).2 F .623
(act detract from security \(because other \214le permis-)-.1 F 1.948
(sions must be loosened\).)174 422.6 R(Ho)6.948 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25
G 2.748 -.4(r, i).15 H 4.448(ts).4 G 1.948(hould be useful on \214re)
-4.448 F -.1(wa)-.25 G 1.949(lls and other).1 F(places where users don')
174 434.6 Q 2.5(th)-.18 G -2.25 -.2(av e)-2.5 H
(accounts and the aliases \214le is well constrained.)2.7 E(RecipientF)
102 450.8 Q(actor=)-.15 E F2(fact)A F1 .638([y] The indicated)174 462.8
R F2(fact)3.137 E F1 .637(or is added to the priority \(thus)B F2
(lowering)3.137 E F1 .637(the priority of the)3.137 F .23
(job\) for each recipient, i.e., this v)174 474.8 R .231
(alue penalizes jobs with lar)-.25 F .231(ge numbers of recipi-)-.18 F
2.5(ents. Def)174 486.8 R(aults to 30000.)-.1 E(RefuseLA=)102 503 Q F2
(LA)A F1 1.012([X] When the system load a)13.59 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.012
(rage e).15 F(xceeds)-.15 E F2(LA)3.512 E F1 3.512(,r)C 1.011
(efuse incoming SMTP connec-)-3.512 F 2.5(tions. Def)174 515 R
(aults to 12.)-.1 E(RetryF)102 531.2 Q(actor=)-.15 E F2(fact)A F1 .771
([Z] The)3.74 F F2(fact)3.271 E F1 .771(or is added to the priority e)B
-.15(ve)-.25 G .772(ry time a job is processed.).15 F .772(Thus, each)
5.772 F .994(time a job is processed, its priority will be decreased by the indicated v)
174 543.2 R 3.493(alue. In)-.25 F 1.107(most en)174 555.2 R 1.107
(vironments this should be positi)-.4 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.608(,s).15 G
1.108(ince hosts that are do)-3.608 F 1.108(wn are all too)-.25 F
(often do)174 567.2 Q(wn for a long time.)-.25 E(Def)5 E
(aults to 90000.)-.1 E(SafeFileEn)102 583.4 Q(vironment=)-.4 E F2(dir)A
F1 .022([no short name] If this option is set,)174 595.4 R F2(sendmail)
2.521 E F1 .021(will do a)2.521 F F2 -.15(ch)2.521 G -.45(ro).15 G(ot)
.45 E F1 .021(\(2\) call into the indi-)B(cated)174 607.4 Q F2(dir)2.832
E F1 .333(ectory before doing an)B 2.833<798c>-.15 G .333(le writes.)
-2.833 F .333(If the \214le name speci\214ed by the user)5.333 F(be)174
619.4 Q .588(gins with)-.15 F F2(dir)3.088 E F1 3.087(,t)C .587
(hat partial path name will be stripped of)-3.087 F 3.087(fb)-.25 G .587
(efore writing, so \(for)-3.087 F -.15(ex)174 631.4 S 2.224
(ample\) if the SafeFileEn).15 F 2.224(vironment v)-.4 F 2.225
(ariable is set to \231/safe\232 then aliases of)-.25 F 1.557(\231/safe/logs/\214le\232 and \231/logs/\214le\232 actually indicate the same \214le.)
174 643.4 R(Additionally)6.556 E 4.056(,i)-.65 G(f)-4.056 E
(this option is set,)174 655.4 Q F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(refuses to deli)
2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rt).15 G 2.5(os)-2.5 G(ymbolic links.)-2.5 E
.32 LW 76 678.8 72 678.8 DL 80 678.8 76 678.8 DL 84 678.8 80 678.8 DL 88
678.8 84 678.8 DL 92 678.8 88 678.8 DL 96 678.8 92 678.8 DL 100 678.8 96
678.8 DL 104 678.8 100 678.8 DL 108 678.8 104 678.8 DL 112 678.8 108
678.8 DL 116 678.8 112 678.8 DL 120 678.8 116 678.8 DL 124 678.8 120
678.8 DL 128 678.8 124 678.8 DL 132 678.8 128 678.8 DL 136 678.8 132
678.8 DL 140 678.8 136 678.8 DL 144 678.8 140 678.8 DL 148 678.8 144
678.8 DL 152 678.8 148 678.8 DL 156 678.8 152 678.8 DL 160 678.8 156
678.8 DL 164 678.8 160 678.8 DL 168 678.8 164 678.8 DL 172 678.8 168
678.8 DL 176 678.8 172 678.8 DL 180 678.8 176 678.8 DL 184 678.8 180
678.8 DL 188 678.8 184 678.8 DL 192 678.8 188 678.8 DL 196 678.8 192
678.8 DL 200 678.8 196 678.8 DL 204 678.8 200 678.8 DL 208 678.8 204
678.8 DL 212 678.8 208 678.8 DL 216 678.8 212 678.8 DL/F4 5
/Times-Roman@0 SF(22)93.6 689.2 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(When running as a daemon, it changes to this user after accepting a connection b)
3.2 I(ut before reading an)-.16 E(y)-.12 E F3(SMTP)2 E F5(commands.)2 E
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-53)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(Sa)102 96 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G
10.41(FromLine [f]).15 F(Sa)4.908 E 2.708 -.15(ve U)-.2 H 2.408
(nix-style \231From\232 lines at the front of headers.).15 F 2.409
(Normally the)7.409 F 4.909(ya)-.15 G(re)-4.909 E
(assumed redundant and discarded.)174 108 Q(SendMIMEErrors)102 124.2 Q
.815([j] If set, send error messages in MIME format \(see RFC2045 and RFC1344 for)
174 136.2 R 2.914(details\). If)174 148.2 R(disabled,)2.914 E/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.914 E F1 .415(will not return the DSN k)
2.914 F -.15(ey)-.1 G -.1(wo).15 G .415(rd in response to an).1 F 1.731
(EHLO and will not do Deli)174 160.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.731
(ry Status Noti\214cation processing as described in).15 F(RFC1891.)174
172.2 Q(ServiceSwitchFile=)102 188.4 Q F2(\214lename)A F1 1.532([no short name] If your host operating system has a service switch abstraction)
174 200.4 R .003(\(e.g., /etc/nsswitch.conf on Solaris or /etc/svc.conf on Ultrix and DEC OSF/1\) that)
174 212.4 R .814(service will be consulted and this option is ignored.)
174 224.4 R .814(Otherwise, this is the name)5.814 F 1.083
(of a \214le that pro)174 236.4 R 1.082
(vides the list of methods used to implement particular services.)-.15 F
1.069(The syntax is a series of lines, each of which is a sequence of w)
174 248.4 R 3.57(ords. The)-.1 F(\214rst)3.57 E -.1(wo)174 260.4 S 1.364
(rd is the service name, and follo).1 F 1.363(wing w)-.25 F 1.363
(ords are service types.)-.1 F 1.363(The services)6.363 F(that)174 272.4
Q F2(sendmail)4.11 E F1 1.61
(consults directly are \231aliases\232 and \231hosts.)4.11 F 6.61<9a53>
-.7 G 1.61(ervice types can be)-6.61 F 1.755(\231dns\232, \231nis\232, \231nisplus\232, or \231\214les\232 \(with the ca)
174 284.4 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.754(at that the appropriate support).15 F
.791(must be compiled in before the service can be referenced\).)174
296.4 R .791(If ServiceSwitchFile)5.791 F 1.303
(is not speci\214ed, it def)174 308.4 R 1.303
(aults to /etc/service.switch.)-.1 F 1.303(If that \214le does not e)
6.303 F 1.303(xist, the)-.15 F(def)174 320.4 Q(ault switch is:)-.1 E
38.6(aliases \214les)214 336.6 R 44.7(hosts dns)214 348.6 R(nis \214les)
2.5 E(The def)174 364.8 Q(ault \214le is \231/etc/service.switch\232.)
-.1 E(Se)102 381 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 12.12(nBitInput [7]).15 F .321
(Strip input to se)2.821 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.821(nb).15 G .322
(its for compatibility with old systems.)-2.821 F .322(This shouldn')
5.322 F 2.822(tb)-.18 G(e)-2.822 E(necessary)174 393 Q(.)-.65 E
(SingleLineFromHeader)102 409.2 Q .959
([no short name] If set, From: lines that ha)174 421.2 R 1.258 -.15
(ve e)-.2 H .958(mbedded ne).15 F .958(wlines are unwrapped)-.25 F .242
(onto one line.)174 433.2 R .243
(This is to get around a botch in Lotus Notes that apparently cannot)
5.242 F(understand le)174 445.2 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G
(lly wrapped RFC822 headers.).05 E(SingleThreadDeli)102 461.4 Q -.15(ve)
-.25 G(ry).15 E .334([no short name] If set, a client machine will ne)
174 473.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.833(rt).15 G .333(ry to open tw)-2.833 F
2.833(oS)-.1 G .333(MTP connec-)-2.833 F 1.711(tions to a single serv)
174 485.4 R 1.712(er machine at the same time, e)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
4.212(ni).15 G 4.212(nd)-4.212 G(if)-4.212 E 1.712(ferent processes.)
-.25 F .953(That is, if another)174 497.4 R F2(sendmail)3.452 E F1 .952
(is already talking to some host a ne)3.452 F(w)-.25 E F2(sendmail)3.452
E F1(will)3.452 E 2.387(not open another connection.)174 509.4 R 2.387
(This property is of mix)7.387 F 2.388(ed v)-.15 F 2.388
(alue; although this)-.25 F .386(reduces the load on the other machine, it can cause mail to be delayed \(for e)
174 521.4 R(xam-)-.15 E .718(ple, if one)174 533.4 R F2(sendmail)3.218 E
F1 .718(is deli)3.218 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .718(ring a huge message, other)
.15 F F2(sendmail)3.219 E F1 3.219(sw)C(on')-3.319 E 3.219(tb)-.18 G
3.219(ea)-3.219 G(ble)-3.219 E 1.543(to send e)174 545.4 R -.15(ve)-.25
G 4.043(ns).15 G 1.543(mall messages\).)-4.043 F 1.542
(Also, it requires another \214le descriptor \(for the)6.543 F .996
(lock \214le\) per connection, so you may ha)174 557.4 R 1.297 -.15
(ve t)-.2 H 3.497(or).15 G .997(educe the)-3.497 F F0
(ConnectionCacheSize)3.497 E F1 .235(option to a)174 569.4 R -.2(vo)-.2
G .235(id running out of per).2 F .234(-process \214le descriptors.)-.2
F .234(Requires the)5.234 F F0(HostSta-)2.734 E(tusDir)174 581.4 Q
(ectory)-.18 E F1(option.)2.5 E(SmtpGreetingMessage=)102 597.6 Q F2
(messa)A -.1(ge)-.1 G F1 .344
([$e macro] The message printed when the SMTP serv)174 609.6 R .345
(er starts up.)-.15 F(Def)5.345 E .345(aults to \231$j)-.1 F
(Sendmail $v ready at $b\232.)174 621.6 Q(StatusFile=)102 637.8 Q F2
(\214le)A F1 .3([S] Log summary statistics in the named)14.13 F F2
(\214le)2.799 E F1 5.299(.I)C 2.799(fn)-5.299 G .299
(ot set, no summary statistics are)-2.799 F(sa)174 649.8 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G
3.775(d. This).15 F 1.275(\214le does not gro)3.775 F 3.775(wi)-.25 G
3.775(ns)-3.775 G 3.775(ize. It)-3.775 F 1.275(can be printed using the)
3.775 F F2(mailstats)3.775 E F1(\(8\))A(program.)174 661.8 Q 28.4
(SuperSafe [s])102 678 R .373(Be super)2.873 F .373
(-safe when running things, i.e., al)-.2 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .372
(ys instantiate the queue \214le, e).1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E .697
(if you are going to attempt immediate deli)174 690 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry)
.15 E(.)-.65 E F2(Sendmail)5.697 E F1(al)3.198 E -.1(wa)-.1 G .698
(ys instantiates the).1 F 1.509
(queue \214le before returning control to the client under an)174 702 R
4.009(yc)-.15 G 4.009(ircumstances. This)-4.009 F(should really)174 714
Q F2(always)2.5 E F1(be set.)2.5 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-54 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.7(Te)
102 96 S(mpFileMode=).7 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(mode)A F1 .331
([F] The \214le mode for queue \214les.)174 108 R .331
(It is interpreted in octal by def)5.331 F 2.832(ault. Def)-.1 F .332
(aults to)-.1 F(0600.)174 120 Q -.35(Ti)102 136.2 S(meout.).35 E F2
(type)A F1(=)A F2(timeout)1.666 E F1 .297
([r; subsumes old T option as well] Set timeout v)174 148.2 R 2.796
(alues. The)-.25 F .296(actual timeout is indi-)2.796 F 1.678
(cated by the)174 160.2 R F2(type)4.178 E F1 6.678(.T)C 1.678
(he recognized timeouts and their def)-6.678 F 1.679(ault v)-.1 F 1.679
(alues, and their)-.25 F(minimum v)174 172.2 Q
(alues speci\214ed in RFC 1123 section 5.3.2 are:)-.25 E 23.6(initial w)
214 188.4 R(ait for initial greeting message [5m, 5m])-.1 E 29.72
(helo reply)214 200.4 R(to HELO or EHLO command [5m, none])2.5 E 29.16
(mail reply)214 212.4 R(to MAIL command [10m, 5m])2.5 E 31.39
(rcpt reply)214 224.4 R(to RCPT command [1h, 5m])2.5 E 16.94
(datainit reply)214 236.4 R(to D)2.5 E -1.21 -1.11(AT A)-.4 H
(command [5m, 2m])3.61 E 8.06(datablock data)214 248.4 R
(block read [1h, 3m])2.5 E 12.5(data\214nal reply)214 260.4 R
(to \214nal `)2.5 E(`.)-.74 E 1.48 -.74('' i)-.7 H 2.5(nd).74 G
(ata [1h, 10m])-2.5 E 32.5(rset reply)214 272.4 R
(to RSET command [5m, none])2.5 E 31.38(quit reply)214 284.4 R(to Q)2.5
E(UIT command [2m, none])-.1 E 28.05(misc reply)214 296.4 R
(to NOOP and VERB commands [2m, none])2.5 E 26.94(ident IDENT)214 308.4
R(protocol timeout [30s, none])2.5 E 9.72(\214leopen\207 timeout)214
320.4 R(on opening .forw)2.5 E(ard and :include: \214les [60s, none])-.1
E 2.5(command\207 command)214 332.4 R(read [1h, 5m])2.5 E
(queuereturn\207ho)214 344.4 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G
(ong until a message is returned [5d, 5d])-2.5 E(queue)214 356.4 Q -.1
(wa)-.25 G -1.58(rn\207 ho).1 F 2.5(wl)-.25 G(ong until a w)-2.5 E
(arning is sent [none, none])-.1 E 2.49(hoststatus\207 ho)214 368.4 R
2.5(wl)-.25 G(ong until host status is `)-2.5 E(`stale')-.74 E 2.5('[)
-.74 G(30m, none])-2.5 E .893(All b)174 384.6 R .893(ut those mark)-.2 F
.893(ed with a dagger \(\207\) apply to client SMTP)-.1 F 5.892(.I)-1.11
G 3.392(ft)-5.892 G .892(he message is)-3.392 F .273
(submitted using the)174 396.6 R/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(NO)2.773 E .523
(TIFY SMTP)-.36 F F1 -.15(ex)2.773 G .273(tension, w).15 F .274
(arning messages will only be sent)-.1 F(if)174 408.6 Q F3(NO)3.038 E
(TIFY=DELA)-.36 E(Y)-.945 E F1 .538(is speci\214ed.)3.038 F .537
(The queuereturn and queue)5.537 F -.1(wa)-.25 G .537
(rn timeouts can be).1 F 1.234(further quali\214ed with a tag based on the Precedence: \214eld in the message; the)
174 420.6 R(y)-.15 E 1.9(must be one of \231ur)174 432.6 R 1.9
(gent\232 \(indicating a positi)-.18 F 2.2 -.15(ve n)-.25 H 1.9
(on-zero precedence\) \231normal\232).15 F .251
(\(indicating a zero precedence\), or \231non-ur)174 444.6 R .251
(gent\232 \(indicating ne)-.18 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .552 -.15(ve p)
-.25 H(recedences\).).15 E -.15(Fo)174 456.6 S 4.423(re).15 G 1.923
(xample, setting \231T)-4.573 F(imeout.queue)-.35 E -.1(wa)-.25 G(rn.ur)
.1 E 1.923(gent=1h\232 sets the w)-.18 F 1.922(arning timeout)-.1 F .222
(for ur)174 468.6 R .223(gent messages only to one hour)-.18 F 5.223(.T)
-.55 G .223(he def)-5.223 F .223(ault if no precedence is indicated is)
-.1 F(to set the timeout for all precedences.)174 480.6 Q -.35(Ti)102
496.8 S(meZoneSpec=).35 E F2(tzinfo)A F1 .218
([t] Set the local time zone info to)174 508.8 R F2(tzinfo)2.718 E F1
2.718<8a66>2.718 G .218(or e)-2.718 F .218(xample, \231PST8PDT\232.)-.15
F(Actually)5.217 E 2.717(,i)-.65 G(f)-2.717 E 1.345
(this is not set, the TZ en)174 520.8 R 1.346(vironment v)-.4 F 1.346
(ariable is cleared \(so the system def)-.25 F 1.346(ault is)-.1 F .209
(used\); if set b)174 532.8 R .208(ut null, the user')-.2 F 2.708(sT)
-.55 G 2.708(Zv)-2.708 G .208
(ariable is used, and if set and non-null the TZ)-2.958 F -.25(va)174
544.8 S(riable is set to this v).25 E(alue.)-.25 E -.35(Tr)102 561 S
5.96(yNullMXList [w]).35 F .114
(If this system is the \231best\232 \(that is, lo)2.613 F .114
(west preference\) MX for a gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.614(nh).15 G .114
(ost, its)-2.614 F 1.168(con\214guration rules should normally detect this situation and treat that condition)
174 573 R .257(specially by forw)174 585 R .258
(arding the mail to a UUCP feed, treating it as local, or whate)-.1 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G -.55(r.).15 G(Ho)174 597 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.686
-.4(r, i).15 H 3.386(ns).4 G .886(ome cases \(such as Internet \214re)
-3.386 F -.1(wa)-.25 G .886(lls\) you may w).1 F .885
(ant to try to con-)-.1 F .07
(nect directly to that host as though it had no MX records at all.)174
609 R .07(Setting this option)5.07 F(causes)174 621 Q F2(sendmail)3.014
E F1 .514(to try this.)3.014 F .514(The do)5.514 F .514
(wnside is that errors in your con\214guration are)-.25 F(lik)174 633 Q
2.116(ely to be diagnosed as \231host unkno)-.1 F 2.116
(wn\232 or \231message timed out\232 instead of)-.25 F
(something more meaningful.)174 645 Q(This option is disrecommended.)5 E
(UnixFromLine=)102 661.2 Q F2(fr)A(omline)-.45 E F1 .236
([$l macro] De\214nes the format used when)174 673.2 R F2(sendmail)2.736
E F1 .236(must add a UNIX-style From_)2.736 F 1.324
(line \(that is, a line be)174 685.2 R 1.325
(ginning \231From<space>user\232\).)-.15 F(Def)6.325 E 1.325
(aults to \231From $g)-.1 F($d\232.)6.325 E(Don')174 697.2 Q 2.646(tc)
-.18 G .146(hange this unless your system uses a dif)-2.646 F .146
(ferent UNIX mailbox format \(v)-.25 F(ery)-.15 E(unlik)174 709.2 Q
(ely\).)-.1 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-55)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(UnsafeGroupWrites)102 96 Q
.211([no short name] If set, :include: and .forw)174 108 R .212
(ard \214les that are group writable are con-)-.1 F .367
(sidered \231unsafe\232, that is, the)174 120 R 2.867(yc)-.15 G .366
(annot reference programs or write directly to \214les.)-2.867 F -.8(Wo)
174 132 S(rld writable :include: and .forw).8 E(ard \214les are al)-.1 E
-.1(wa)-.1 G(ys unsafe..).1 E(UseErrorsT)102 148.2 Q 21.15(o[)-.8 G .826
(l] If there is an \231Errors-T)-21.15 F .826(o:\232 header)-.8 F 3.326
(,s)-.4 G .826(end error messages to the addresses listed)-3.326 F 3.135
(there. The)174 160.2 R 3.135(yn)-.15 G .635(ormally go to the en)-3.135
F -.15(ve)-.4 G .635(lope sender).15 F 5.635(.U)-.55 G .634
(se of this option causes)-5.635 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(send-)3.134 E
(mail)174 172.2 Q F1(to violate RFC 1123.)2.5 E
(This option is disrecommended and deprecated.)5 E(UserDatabaseSpec=)102
188.4 Q F2(udbspec)A F1([U] The user database speci\214cation.)174 200.4
Q 3.94(UserSubmission [no)102 216.6 R 1.369(short name] This is an initial submission directly from a Mail User Agent.)
3.869 F .433(This can be set in the con\214guration \214le if you ha)174
228.6 R .733 -.15(ve M)-.2 H -.4(UA).15 G 2.933(st).4 G .433(hat don')
-2.933 F 2.933(tp)-.18 G .433(ass the)-2.933 F F0<ad55>2.933 E F1 .37
(\215ag or use the XUSR ESMTP e)174 240.6 R .371(xtension, b)-.15 F .371
(ut some relayed mail may get inappro-)-.2 F(priately re)174 252.6 Q
(written if you do.)-.25 E -1.11(Ve)102 268.8 S 37.29(rbose [v])1.11 F
.561(Run in v)3.061 F .561(erbose mode.)-.15 F .561(If this is set,)
5.561 F F2(sendmail)3.061 E F1 .56(adjusts options)3.061 F F0
(HoldExpensi)3.06 E -.1(ve)-.1 G F1(\(old)174 280.8 Q F0(c)2.635 E F1
2.635(\)a)C(nd)-2.635 E F0(Deli)2.635 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(ryMode).1 E F1
(\(old)2.635 E F0(d)2.635 E F1 2.635(\)s)C 2.635(ot)-2.635 G .135
(hat all mail is deli)-2.635 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .136
(red completely in a sin-).15 F 1.244
(gle job so that you can see the entire deli)174 292.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
1.244(ry process.).15 F(Option)6.244 E F0 -1(Ve)3.743 G(rbose)1 E F1
(should)3.743 E F2(ne)174 304.8 Q(ver)-.15 E F1(be set in the con\214guration \214le; it is intended for command line use only)
2.5 E(.)-.65 E .108(All options can be speci\214ed on the command line using the \255O or \255o \215ag, b)
102 321 R .109(ut most will cause)-.2 F F2(send-)2.609 E(mail)102 333 Q
F1 1.135(to relinquish its setuid permissions.)3.635 F 1.135
(The options that will not cause this are MinFreeBlocks)6.135 F .513
([b], Deli)102 345 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .513
(ryMode [d], ErrorMode [e], IgnoreDots [i], LogLe).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
3.014(l[).15 G .514(L], MeT)-3.014 F .514(oo [m], OldStyleHeaders)-.8 F
.53([o], Pri)102 357 R -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G .53(Options [p], T)
.15 F .53(imeouts [r], SuperSafe [s], V)-.35 F .53
(erbose [v], CheckpointInterv)-1.11 F .53(al [C], and Se)-.25 F(v-)-.25
E(enBitInput [7].)102 369 Q(Also, M \(de\214ne macro\) when de\214ning the r or s macros is also considered \231safe\232.)
5 E F0 2.5(5.7. P)87 393 R 2.5<8a50>2.5 G -.18(re)-2.5 G
(cedence De\214nitions).18 E F1 -1.11(Va)127 409.2 S .164
(lues for the \231Precedence:\232 \214eld may be de\214ned using the)
1.11 F F0(P)2.664 E F1 .164(control line.)2.664 F .164
(The syntax of this)5.164 F(\214eld is:)102 421.2 Q F0(P)142 437.4 Q F2
(name)A F0(=)A F2(num)A F1 .384(When the)102 453.6 R F2(name)2.884 E F1
.384
(is found in a \231Precedence:\232 \214eld, the message class is set to)
2.884 F F2(num)2.883 E F1 5.383(.H)C .383(igher numbers)-5.383 F .85
(mean higher precedence.)102 465.6 R .85(Numbers less than zero ha)5.85
F 1.15 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .85(he special property that if an error occurs)
.15 F 1.551(during processing the body of the message will not be returned; this is e)
102 477.6 R 1.551(xpected to be used for)-.15 F<9962>102 489.6 Q .461
(ulk\232 mail such as through mailing lists.)-.2 F .461(The def)5.461 F
.461(ault precedence is zero.)-.1 F -.15(Fo)5.461 G 2.962(re).15 G .462
(xample, our list of)-3.112 F(precedences is:)102 501.6 Q
(P\214rst-class=0)142 517.8 Q(Pspecial-deli)142 529.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ry=100).15 E(Plist=\25530)142 541.8 Q(Pb)142 553.8 Q(ulk=\25560)-.2 E
(Pjunk=\255100)142 565.8 Q 1.059(People writing mailing list e)102 582 R
1.058(xploders are encouraged to use \231Precedence: list\232.)-.15 F
1.058(Older v)6.058 F 1.058(ersions of)-.15 F F2(sendmail)102 594 Q F1
1.19(\(which discarded all error returns for ne)3.69 F -.05(ga)-.15 G
(ti).05 E 1.49 -.15(ve p)-.25 H 1.19(recedences\) didn').15 F 3.69(tr)
-.18 G 1.19(ecognize this name,)-3.69 F(gi)102 606 Q .599(ving it a def)
-.25 F .598(ault precedence of zero.)-.1 F .598(This allo)5.598 F .598
(ws list maintainers to see error returns on both old)-.25 F(and ne)102
618 Q 2.5(wv)-.25 G(ersions of)-2.65 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(.)A F0 2.5
(5.8. V)87 642 R 2.5<8a43>2.5 G(on\214guration V)-2.5 E(ersion Le)-1 E
-.1(ve)-.15 G(l).1 E F1 3.181 -.8(To p)127 658.2 T(ro).8 E 1.581
(vide compatibility with old con\214guration \214les, the)-.15 F F0(V)
4.081 E F1 1.582(line has been added to de\214ne)4.082 F 1.11(some v)102
670.2 R 1.11(ery basic semantics of the con\214guration \214le.)-.15 F
1.11(These are not intended to be long term sup-)6.11 F .033
(ports; rather)102 682.2 R 2.533(,t)-.4 G(he)-2.533 E 2.533(yd)-.15 G
.033(escribe compatibility features which will probably be remo)-2.533 F
-.15(ve)-.15 G 2.533(di).15 G 2.533(nf)-2.533 G .034(uture releases.)
-2.533 F F0(N.B.:)127 698.4 Q F1 .197(these v)2.697 F(ersion)-.15 E F2
(le)2.697 E(vels)-.15 E F1(ha)2.697 E .496 -.15(ve n)-.2 H .196
(othing to do with the v).15 F(ersion)-.15 E F2(number)2.696 E F1 .196
(on the \214les.)2.696 F -.15(Fo)5.196 G 2.696(re).15 G(xam-)-2.846 E
(ple, as of this writing v)102 710.4 Q
(ersion 8 con\214g \214les \(speci\214cally)-.15 E 2.5(,8)-.65 G
(.9\) used v)-2.5 E(ersion le)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l8c).15 G
(on\214gurations.)-2.5 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-56 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.102
(\231Old\232 con\214guration \214les are de\214ned as v)127 96 R 1.102
(ersion le)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.602(lo).15 G 3.602(ne. V)-3.602 F
1.102(ersion le)-1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.602(lt).15 G 1.302 -.1(wo \214)
-3.602 H 1.103(les mak).1 F 3.603(et)-.1 G(he)-3.603 E(follo)102 108 Q
(wing changes:)-.25 E 12.5(\(1\) Host)107 124.2 R .727(name canoni\214cation \($[ ... $]\) appends a dot if the name is recognized; this gi)
3.227 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.226(st).15 G(he)-3.226 E 1.974
(con\214g \214le a w)133.66 136.2 R 1.974(ay of \214nding out if an)-.1
F 1.974(ything matched.)-.15 F(\(Actually)6.974 E 4.475(,t)-.65 G 1.975
(his just initializes the)-4.475 F .739
(\231host\232 map with the \231\255a.)133.66 148.2 R 5.739<9a8d>-.7 G
.739(ag \212 you can reset it to an)-5.739 F .738
(ything you prefer by declaring the)-.15 F(map e)133.66 160.2 Q
(xplicitly)-.15 E(.\))-.65 E 12.5(\(2\) Def)107 176.4 R .384
(ault host name e)-.1 F .385
(xtension is consistent throughout processing; v)-.15 F .385(ersion le)
-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.885(lo).15 G .385(ne con\214gu-)-2.885 F .83
(rations turned of)133.66 188.4 R 3.33(fd)-.25 G .83(omain e)-3.33 F .83
(xtension \(that is, adding the local domain name\) during certain)-.15
F .4(points in processing.)133.66 200.4 R -1.11(Ve)5.4 G .4(rsion le)
1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.9(lt).15 G .6 -.1(wo c)-2.9 H .4
(on\214gurations are e).1 F .4(xpected to include a trailing dot)-.15 F
(to indicate that the name is already canonical.)133.66 212.4 Q 12.5
(\(3\) Local)107 228.6 R .072
(names that are not aliases are passed through a ne)2.572 F 2.572(wd)
-.25 G .072(istinguished ruleset \214v)-2.572 F .072(e; this can)-.15 F
1.426(be used to append a local relay)133.66 240.6 R 6.426(.T)-.65 G
1.426(his beha)-6.426 F 1.426(viour can be pre)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
1.426(nted by resolving the local).15 F .209(name with an initial `@'.)
133.66 252.6 R .209(That is, something that resolv)5.209 F .209
(es to a local mailer and a user name)-.15 F 1.072
(of \231vikki\232 will be passed through ruleset \214v)133.66 264.6 R
1.072(e, b)-.15 F 1.073(ut a user name of \231@vikki\232 will ha)-.2 F
1.373 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E .417
(`@' stripped, will not be passed through ruleset \214v)133.66 276.6 R
.417(e, b)-.15 F .416(ut will otherwise be treated the same)-.2 F 1.702
(as the prior e)133.66 288.6 R 4.202(xample. The)-.15 F -.15(ex)4.202 G
1.703(pectation is that this might be used to implement a polic).15 F(y)
-.15 E .136(where mail sent to \231vikki\232 w)133.66 300.6 R .135
(as handled by a central hub, b)-.1 F .135
(ut mail sent to \231vikki@localhost\232)-.2 F -.1(wa)133.66 312.6 S 2.5
(sd).1 G(eli)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(red directly).15 E(.)-.65 E -1.11(Ve)
127 328.8 S 1.382(rsion le)1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.882(lt).15 G 1.382
(hree \214les allo)-3.882 F 3.882(w#i)-.25 G 1.382
(nitiated comments on all lines.)-3.882 F 1.383
(Exceptions are backslash)6.383 F(escaped # marks and the $# syntax.)102
340.8 Q -1.11(Ve)127 357 S 1.208(rsion le)1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.708
(lf).15 G 1.208(our con\214gurations are completely equi)-3.708 F -.25
(va)-.25 G 1.207(lent to le).25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.707(lt).15 G 1.207
(hree for historical rea-)-3.707 F(sons.)102 369 Q -1.11(Ve)127 385.2 S
1.234(rsion le)1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.734<6c8c>.15 G 1.534 -.15(ve c)
-3.734 H 1.234(on\214guration \214les change the def).15 F 1.234
(ault de\214nition of)-.1 F F0($w)3.734 E F1 1.234
(to be just the \214rst)3.734 F(component of the hostname.)102 397.2 Q
-1.11(Ve)127 413.4 S 1.589(rsion le)1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.089(ls).15 G
1.589(ix con\214guration \214les change man)-4.089 F 4.088(yo)-.15 G
4.088(ft)-4.088 G 1.588(he local processing options \(such as)-4.088 F
.48(aliasing and matching the be)102 425.4 R .481(ginning of the address for `|' characters\) to be mailer \215ags; this allo)
-.15 F(ws)-.25 E 1.345(\214ne-grained control o)102 437.4 R -.15(ve)-.15
G 3.845(rt).15 G 1.345(he special local processing.)-3.845 F(Le)6.345 E
-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.845(ls).15 G 1.344
(ix con\214guration \214les may also use)-3.845 F 1.221
(long option names.)102 449.4 R(The)6.221 E F0(ColonOkInAddr)3.721 E F1
1.221(option \(to allo)3.721 F 3.722(wc)-.25 G 1.222
(olons in the local-part of addresses\))-3.722 F(def)102 461.4 Q(aults)
-.1 E F0(on)3.44 E F1 .94(for lo)3.44 F .94(wer numbered con\214guration \214les; the con\214guration \214le requires some additional)
-.25 F(intelligence to properly handle the RFC 822 group construct.)102
473.4 Q -1.11(Ve)127 489.6 S 1.97(rsion le)1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.47
(ls).15 G -2.15 -.25(ev e)-4.47 H 4.47(nc).25 G 1.97
(on\214guration \214les used ne)-4.47 F 4.47(wo)-.25 G 1.97
(ption names to replace old macros \()-4.47 F F0($e)A F1(became)102
501.6 Q F0(SmtpGr)4.993 E(eeetingMessage)-.18 E F1(,)A F0($l)4.993 E F1
(became)4.993 E F0(UnixFr)4.993 E(omLine)-.18 E F1 4.992(,a)C(nd)-4.992
E F0($o)4.992 E F1(became)4.992 E F0(OperatorChars)4.992 E F1(.)A .086
(Also, prior to v)102 513.6 R .086(ersion se)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .086
(n, the).15 F F0(F=q)2.586 E F1 .087
(\215ag \(use 250 instead of 252 return v)2.586 F .087(alue for)-.25 F
/F2 9/Times-Roman@0 SF .087(SMTP VRFY)2.587 F F1(com-)2.587 E(mands\) w)
102 525.6 Q(as assumed.)-.1 E -1.11(Ve)127 541.8 S(rsion le)1.11 E -.15
(ve)-.25 G 2.5(le).15 G(ight con\214guration \214les allo)-2.5 E(w)-.25
E F0($#)2.5 E F1(on the left hand side of ruleset lines.)2.5 E(The)127
558 Q F0(V)2.678 E F1 .178(line may ha)2.678 F .478 -.15(ve a)-.2 H
2.677(no).15 G(ptional)-2.677 E F0(/)2.677 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
(vendor)A F1 .177
(to indicate that this con\214guration \214le uses modi\214ca-)2.677 F
.866(tions speci\214c to a particular v)102 572 R(endor)-.15 E/F4 7
/Times-Roman@0 SF(23)-4 I F1 5.866(.Y)4 K .866(ou may use \231/Berk)
-6.966 F(ele)-.1 E .865(y\232 to emphasize that this con\214gura-)-.15 F
(tion \214le uses the Berk)102 584 Q(ele)-.1 E 2.5(yd)-.15 G(ialect of)
-2.5 E F3(sendmail)2.5 E F1(.)A F0 2.5(5.9. K)87 608 R 2.5<8a4b>2.5 G
(ey File Declaration)-2.75 E F1
(Special maps can be de\214ned using the line:)127 624.2 Q
(Kmapname mapclass ar)142 640.4 Q(guments)-.18 E(The)102 656.6 Q F3
(mapname)2.75 E F1 .251
(is the handle by which this map is referenced in the re)2.75 F .251
(writing rules.)-.25 F(The)5.251 E F3(mapclass)2.751 E F1(is)2.751 E
1.889(the name of a type of map; these are compiled in to)102 668.6 R F3
(sendmail)4.389 E F1 6.888(.T)C(he)-6.888 E F3(ar)4.388 E(guments)-.37 E
F1 1.888(are interpreted)4.388 F .32 LW 76 678.2 72 678.2 DL 80 678.2 76
678.2 DL 84 678.2 80 678.2 DL 88 678.2 84 678.2 DL 92 678.2 88 678.2 DL
96 678.2 92 678.2 DL 100 678.2 96 678.2 DL 104 678.2 100 678.2 DL 108
678.2 104 678.2 DL 112 678.2 108 678.2 DL 116 678.2 112 678.2 DL 120
678.2 116 678.2 DL 124 678.2 120 678.2 DL 128 678.2 124 678.2 DL 132
678.2 128 678.2 DL 136 678.2 132 678.2 DL 140 678.2 136 678.2 DL 144
678.2 140 678.2 DL 148 678.2 144 678.2 DL 152 678.2 148 678.2 DL 156
678.2 152 678.2 DL 160 678.2 156 678.2 DL 164 678.2 160 678.2 DL 168
678.2 164 678.2 DL 172 678.2 168 678.2 DL 176 678.2 172 678.2 DL 180
678.2 176 678.2 DL 184 678.2 180 678.2 DL 188 678.2 184 678.2 DL 192
678.2 188 678.2 DL 196 678.2 192 678.2 DL 200 678.2 196 678.2 DL 204
678.2 200 678.2 DL 208 678.2 204 678.2 DL 212 678.2 208 678.2 DL 216
678.2 212 678.2 DL/F5 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(23)93.6 688.6 Q/F6 8
/Times-Roman@0 SF .214(And of course, v)3.2 J .214
(endors are encouraged to add themselv)-.12 F .214
(es to the list of recognized v)-.12 F .214
(endors by editing the routine)-.12 F/F7 8/Times-Italic@0 SF(setvendor)
2.214 E F6(in)2.214 E F7(conf)72 701.4 Q(.c)-.12 E F6 4(.P)C
(lease send e-mail to sendmail@Sendmail.ORG to re)-4 E(gister your v)
-.12 E(endor dialect.)-.12 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-57)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .79
(depending on the class; typically)102 96 R 3.29(,t)-.65 G .791(here w)
-3.29 F .791(ould be a single ar)-.1 F .791
(gument naming the \214le containing the)-.18 F(map.)102 108 Q
(Maps are referenced using the syntax:)127 124.2 Q($\()142 140.4 Q/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(map k)2.5 E -.3(ey)-.1 G F1($@)2.8 E F2(ar)2.5 E
(guments)-.37 E F1($:)2.5 E F2(default)2.5 E F1($\))2.5 E .641
(where either or both of the)102 156.6 R F2(ar)3.141 E(guments)-.37 E F1
(or)3.141 E F2(default)3.141 E F1 .64(portion may be omitted.)3.141 F
(The)5.64 E F2 .64($@ ar)3.14 F(guments)-.37 E F1(may)3.14 E 1.276
(appear more than once.)102 168.6 R 1.276(The indicated)6.276 F F2 -.1
(ke)3.776 G(y)-.2 E F1(and)3.776 E F2(ar)3.776 E(guments)-.37 E F1 1.277
(are passed to the appropriate mapping)3.777 F 3.253(function. If)102
180.6 R .753(it returns a v)3.253 F .753(alue, it replaces the input.)
-.25 F .753(If it does not return a v)5.753 F .753(alue and the)-.25 F
F2(default)3.253 E F1(is)3.253 E(speci\214ed, the)102 192.6 Q F2
(default)2.5 E F1(replaces the input.)2.5 E
(Otherwise, the input is unchanged.)5 E(The)127 208.8 Q F2(ar)4.063 E
(guments)-.37 E F1 1.563(are passed to the map for arbitrary use.)4.063
F 1.564(Most map classes can interpolate)6.564 F .883(these ar)102 220.8
R .883(guments into their v)-.18 F .883(alues using the syntax \231%)
-.25 F F2(n)A F1 3.382<9a28>C(where)-3.382 E F2(n)3.382 E F1 .882
(is a digit\) to indicate the corre-)3.382 F(sponding)102 232.8 Q F2(ar)
2.5 E(gument)-.37 E F1 5(.A)C -.18(rg)-5 G
(ument \231%0\232 indicates the database k).18 E -.15(ey)-.1 G 5(.F)-.5
G(or e)-5.15 E(xample, the rule)-.15 E(R$\255 ! $+)142 249 Q
($: $\(uucp $1 $@ $2 $: %1 @ %0 . UUCP $\))71.72 E 1.269(Looks up the UUCP name in a \(user de\214ned\) UUCP map; if not found it turns it into \231.UUCP\232)
102 265.2 R 2.5(form. The)102 277.2 R
(database might contain records lik)2.5 E(e:)-.1 E(decv)142 293.4 Q
77.43(ax %1@%0.DEC.COM)-.25 F 72.19(research %1@%0.A)142 305.4 R(TT)
-1.11 E(.COM)-.74 E(Note that)102 321.6 Q F2(default)2.5 E F1
(clauses ne)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rd).15 G 2.5(ot)-2.5 G
(his mapping.)-2.5 E .742(The b)127 337.8 R .741(uilt in map with both name and class \231host\232 is the host name canonicalization lookup.)
-.2 F(Thus, the syntax:)102 349.8 Q($\(host)142 366 Q F2(hostname)2.5 E
F1($\))A(is equi)102 382.2 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to:).25 E($[)142 398.4
Q F2(hostname)A F1($])A(There are man)127 418.8 Q 2.5(yd)-.15 G
(e\214ned classes.)-2.5 E 51.72(dbm Database)102 435 R 1.623
(lookups using the ndbm\(3\) library)4.123 F(.)-.65 E F2(Sendmail)6.623
E F1 1.623(must be compiled with)4.123 F F0(NDBM)174 447 Q F1
(de\214ned.)2.5 E 49.51(btree Database)102 463.2 R .678
(lookups using the btree interf)3.178 F .677(ace to the Berk)-.1 F(ele)
-.1 E 3.177(yD)-.15 G 3.177(Bl)-3.177 G(ibrary)-3.177 E(.)-.65 E F2
(Sendmail)5.677 E F1(must be compiled with)174 475.2 Q F0(NEWDB)2.5 E F1
(de\214ned.)2.5 E 51.17(hash Database)102 491.4 R .828
(lookups using the hash interf)3.328 F .828(ace to the Berk)-.1 F(ele)
-.1 E 3.328(yD)-.15 G 3.329(Bl)-3.328 G(ibrary)-3.329 E(.)-.65 E F2
(Sendmail)5.829 E F1(must be compiled with)174 503.4 Q F0(NEWDB)2.5 E F1
(de\214ned.)2.5 E 57.83(nis NIS)102 519.6 R(lookups.)2.5 E F2(Sendmail)5
E F1(must be compiled with)2.5 E F0(NIS)2.5 E F1(de\214ned.)2.5 E 41.16
(nisplus NIS+)102 535.8 R(lookups.)3.733 E F2(Sendmail)6.233 E F1 1.233
(must be compiled with)3.733 F F0(NISPLUS)3.733 E F1 3.733
(de\214ned. The)3.733 F(ar)3.733 E(gu-)-.18 E .495
(ment is the name of the table to use for lookups, and the)174 547.8 R
F0<ad6b>2.995 E F1(and)2.995 E F0<ad76>2.995 E F1 .495(\215ags may be)
2.995 F(used to set the k)174 559.8 Q .3 -.15(ey a)-.1 H(nd v).15 E
(alue columns respecti)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E(.)-.65 E 43.39
(hesiod Hesiod)102 576 R(lookups.)2.5 E F2(Sendmail)5 E F1
(must be compiled with)2.5 E F0(HESIOD)2.5 E F1(de\214ned.)2.5 E 47.28
(ldapx LD)102 592.2 R 1.784(AP X500 directory lookups.)-.4 F F2
(Sendmail)6.783 E F1 1.783(must be compiled with)4.283 F F0(LD)4.283 E
(APMAP)-.35 E F1 2.965(de\214ned. The)174 604.2 R .465
(map supports most of the standard ar)2.965 F .466
(guments and most of the com-)-.18 F(mand line ar)174 616.2 Q
(guments of the)-.18 E F2(ldapsear)2.5 E -.15(ch)-.37 G F1(program.)2.65
E 41.17(netinfo NeXT)102 632.4 R(NetInfo lookups.)2.5 E F2(Sendmail)5 E
F1(must be compiled with)2.5 E F0(NETINFO)2.5 E F1(de\214ned.)2.5 E(te)
102 648.6 Q 54.65(xt T)-.15 F -.15(ex)-.7 G 2.918<748c>.15 G .418
(le lookups.)-2.918 F .418(The format of the te)5.418 F .417
(xt \214le is de\214ned by the)-.15 F F0<ad6b>2.917 E F1(\(k)2.917 E
.717 -.15(ey \214)-.1 H .417(eld num-).15 F(ber\),)174 660.6 Q F0<ad76>
2.5 E F1(\(v)2.5 E(alue \214eld number\), and)-.25 E F0<ad7a>2.5 E F1
(\(\214eld delimiter\) \215ags.)2.5 E 53.39(stab Internal)102 676.8 R
(symbol table lookups.)2.5 E(Used internally for aliasing.)5 E 38.38
(implicit Really)102 693 R .546
(should be called \231alias\232 \212 this is used to get the def)3.046 F
.546(ault lookups for alias)-.1 F(\214les, and is the def)174 705 Q
(ault if no class is speci\214ed for alias \214les.)-.1 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-58 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 52.84
(user Looks)102 96 R .477(up users using)2.977 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
-.1(ge)2.977 G(tpwnam).1 E F1 2.977(\(3\). The)B F0<ad76>2.977 E F1 .476
(\215ag can be used to specify the name)2.976 F .142(of the \214eld to return \(although this is normally used only to check the e)
174 108 R .142(xistence of)-.15 F 2.5(au)174 120 S(ser\).)-2.5 E 52.83
(host Canoni\214es)102 136.2 R .2(host domain names.)2.7 F(Gi)5.2 E -.15
(ve)-.25 G 2.7(nah).15 G .2(ost name it calls the name serv)-2.7 F .2
(er to \214nd)-.15 F(the canonical name for that host.)174 148.2 Q 40.61
(bestmx Returns)102 164.4 R 2.478(the best MX record for a host name gi)
4.978 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.979(na).15 G 4.979(st)-4.979 G 2.479(he k)
-4.979 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 7.479(.T)-.5 G 2.479(he current)-7.479 F .722
(machine is al)174 176.4 R -.1(wa)-.1 G .721
(ys preferred \212 that is, if the current machine is one of the hosts)
.1 F .218(listed as a lo)174 188.4 R .219
(west-preference MX record, then it will be guaranteed to be returned.)
-.25 F .961(This can be used to \214nd out if this machine is the tar)
174 200.4 R .961(get for an MX record, and)-.18 F .313
(mail can be accepted on that basis.)174 212.4 R .313(If the)5.313 F F0
<ad7a>2.813 E F1 .313(\215ag is gi)2.813 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .313
(n, then all MX names are).15 F(returned, separated by the gi)174 224.4
Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(nd).15 G(elimiter)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E 32.85
(sequence The)102 240.6 R(ar)3.35 E .849(guments on the `K' line are a list of maps; the resulting map searches the)
-.18 F(ar)174 252.6 Q .438
(gument maps in order until it \214nds a match for the indicated k)-.18
F -.15(ey)-.1 G 5.439(.F)-.5 G .439(or e)-5.589 F(xample,)-.15 E
(if the k)174 264.6 Q .3 -.15(ey d)-.1 H(e\214nition is:).15 E
(Kmap1 ...)214 280.8 Q(Kmap2 ...)214 292.8 Q(Kseqmap sequence map1 map2)
214 304.8 Q .968(then a lookup ag)174 321 R .968
(ainst \231seqmap\232 \214rst does a lookup in map1.)-.05 F .968
(If that is found, it)5.968 F(returns immediately)174 333 Q 5(.O)-.65 G
(therwise, the same k)-5 E .3 -.15(ey i)-.1 H 2.5(su).15 G
(sed for map2.)-2.5 E 43.39(switch Much)102 349.2 R(lik)2.8 E 2.8(et)-.1
G .3(he \231sequence\232 map e)-2.8 F .301
(xcept that the order of maps is determined by the)-.15 F .392
(service switch.)174 361.2 R .392(The ar)5.392 F .391
(gument is the name of the service to be look)-.18 F .391(ed up; the v)
-.1 F(al-)-.25 E 1.492
(ues from the service switch are appended to the map name to create ne)
174 373.2 R 3.993(wm)-.25 G(ap)-3.993 E 2.5(names. F)174 385.2 R(or e)
-.15 E(xample, consider the k)-.15 E .3 -.15(ey d)-.1 H(e\214nition:).15
E(Kali switch aliases)214 401.4 Q
(together with the service switch entry:)174 417.6 Q 78.84(aliases nis)
214 433.8 R(\214les)2.5 E 1.633(This causes a query ag)174 450 R 1.633
(ainst the map \231ali\232 to search maps named \231ali.nis\232 and)-.05
F(\231ali.\214les\232 in that order)174 462 Q(.)-.55 E 37.84
(dequote Strip)102 478.2 R .96(double quotes \("\) from a name.)3.46 F
.961(It does not strip backslashes, and will not)5.961 F .173
(strip quotes if the resulting string w)174 490.2 R .172
(ould contain unscannable syntax \(that is, basic)-.1 F .386(errors lik)
174 502.2 R 2.886(eu)-.1 G .386(nbalanced angle brack)-2.886 F .386
(ets; more sophisticated errors such as unkno)-.1 F(wn)-.25 E .252
(hosts are not check)174 514.2 R 2.752(ed\). The)-.1 F .251
(intent is for use when trying to accept mail from sys-)2.752 F
(tems such as DECnet that routinely quote odd syntax such as)174 526.2 Q
("49ers::ubell")214 542.4 Q 2.5(At)174 558.6 S
(ypical usage is probably something lik)-2.5 E(e:)-.1 E
(Kdequote dequote)214 574.8 Q(...)214 598.8 Q 88.19(R$\255 $:)214 622.8
R($\(dequote $1 $\))2.5 E(R$\255 $+)214 634.8 Q($: $>3 $1 $2)77.55 E
(Care must be tak)174 651 Q(en to pre)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt une).15 E
(xpected results; for e)-.15 E(xample,)-.15 E
("|someprogram < input > output")214 667.2 Q 1.31(will ha)174 683.4 R
1.61 -.15(ve q)-.2 H 1.31(uotes stripped, b).15 F 1.31
(ut the result is probably not what you had in mind.)-.2 F -.15(Fo)174
695.4 S(rtunately these cases are rare.).15 E(re)102 711.6 Q(ge)-.15 E
50.09(xT)-.15 G .489(he map de\214nition on the)-50.09 F F0(K)2.989 E F1
.489(line contains a re)2.989 F .488(gular e)-.15 F 2.988(xpression. An)
-.15 F 2.988(yk)-.15 G .788 -.15(ey i)-3.088 H .488(nput is).15 F 3.665
(compared to that e)174 723.6 R 3.666(xpression using the POSIX re)-.15
F 3.666(gular e)-.15 F 3.666(xpressions routines)-.15 F EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-59)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(re)174 96 Q .474
(gcomp\(\), re)-.15 F .474(gerr\(\), and re)-.15 F(ge)-.15 E -.15(xe)
-.15 G 2.974(c\(\). Refer).15 F .474
(to the documentation for those routines)2.974 F .585
(for more information about the re)174 108 R .585(gular e)-.15 F .586
(xpression matching.)-.15 F .586(No re)5.586 F .586(writing of the)-.25
F -.1(ke)174 120 S 2.607(yi)-.05 G 2.607(sd)-2.607 G .107(one if the)
-2.607 F F0<ad6d>2.607 E F1 .107(\215ag is used.)2.607 F -.4(Wi)5.107 G
.107(thout it, the k).4 F .407 -.15(ey i)-.1 H 2.607(sd).15 G .107
(iscarded or if)-2.607 F F0<ad73>2.606 E F1 .106(if used,)2.606 F 1.07
(it is substituted by the substring matches, delimited by)174 132 R F0
($|)3.57 E F1 1.07(or the string speci\214ed)3.57 F(with the the)174 144
Q F0<ad64>2.5 E F1 2.5(\215ag. The)2.5 F(\215ags a)2.5 E -.25(va)-.2 G
(ilable for the map are).25 E 97.17(-n not)214 160.2 R 98.84(-f case)214
172.2 R(sensiti)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 97.17(-b basic)214 184.2 R(re)2.5 E
(gular e)-.15 E(xpressions)-.15 E(\(def)322 196.2 Q(ault is e)-.1 E
(xtended\))-.15 E 98.28(-s substring)214 208.2 R(match)2.5 E 97.17
(-d set)214 220.2 R(the delimiter used for -s)2.5 E 97.73(-a append)214
232.2 R(string to k)2.5 E -.15(ey)-.1 G 94.39(-m match)214 244.2 R(only)
2.5 E 2.5(,d)-.65 G 2.5(on)-2.5 G(ot)-2.5 E(replace/discard v)322 256.2
Q(alue)-.25 E(The)174 272.4 Q F0<ad73>2.551 E F1 .051(\215ag can include an optional parameter which can be used to select the sub-)
2.551 F(strings in the result of the lookup.)174 284.4 Q -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5
(re).15 G(xample,)-2.65 E(-s1,3,4)214 300.6 Q 35.62(program The)102 321
R(ar)2.544 E .044(guments on the)-.18 F F0(K)2.544 E F1 .045
(line are the pathname to a program and an)2.544 F 2.545(yi)-.15 G .045
(nitial param-)-2.545 F .176(eters to be passed.)174 333 R .176
(When the map is called, the k)5.176 F .475 -.15(ey i)-.1 H 2.675(sa).15
G .175(dded to the initial parame-)-2.675 F .112
(ters and the program is in)174 345 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.612(da)
.1 G 2.612(st)-2.612 G .112(he def)-2.612 F .112(ault user/group id.)-.1
F .112(The \214rst line of stan-)5.112 F .508
(dard output is returned as the v)174 357 R .508(alue of the lookup.)
-.25 F .508(This has man)5.508 F 3.007(yp)-.15 G .507(otential secu-)
-3.007 F 1.277(rity problems, and has terrible performance; it should be used only when abso-)
174 369 R(lutely necessary)174 381 Q(.)-.65 E .488
(Most of these accept as ar)127 397.2 R .488
(guments the same optional \215ags and a \214lename \(or a mapname for)
-.18 F .31(NIS; the \214lename is the root of the database path, so that \231.db\232 or some other e)
102 409.2 R .31(xtension appropriate)-.15 F
(for the database type will be added to get the actual database name\).)
102 421.2 Q(Kno)5 E(wn \215ags are:)-.25 E 58.86(\255o Indicates)102
437.4 R 1.147(that this map is optional \212 that is, if it cannot be opened, no error is)
3.648 F(produced, and)174 449.4 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.5 E
F1(will beha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 2.5(si).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G
(he map e)-2.5 E(xisted b)-.15 E(ut w)-.2 E(as empty)-.1 E(.)-.65 E
(\255N, \255O)102 465.6 Q .696(If neither)41.28 F F0<ad4e>3.197 E F1(or)
3.197 E F0<ad4f>3.197 E F1 .697(are speci\214ed,)3.197 F F2(sendmail)
3.197 E F1 .697(uses an adapti)3.197 F .997 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .697
(lgorithm to decide).15 F .108
(whether or not to look for null bytes on the end of k)174 477.6 R -.15
(ey)-.1 G 2.608(s. It).15 F .107(starts by trying both; if)2.608 F .819
(it \214nds an)174 489.6 R 3.319(yk)-.15 G 1.119 -.15(ey w)-3.419 H .819
(ith a null byte it ne).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.319(rt).15 G .82(ries ag)
-3.319 F .82(ain without a null byte and vice)-.05 F -.15(ve)174 501.6 S
2.828(rsa. If).15 F F0<ad4e>2.828 E F1 .328(is speci\214ed it ne)2.828 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.828(rt).15 G .328(ries without a null byte and if)
-2.828 F F0<ad4f>2.827 E F1 .327(is speci\214ed it)2.827 F(ne)174 513.6
Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.886(rt).15 G .386(ries with a null byte.)-2.886 F
.386(Setting one of these can speed matches b)5.386 F .386(ut are ne)-.2
F -.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E(necessary)174 525.6 Q 5.546(.I)-.65 G 3.046(fb)
-5.546 G(oth)-3.046 E F0<ad4e>3.046 E F1(and)3.046 E F0<ad4f>3.046 E F1
.545(are speci\214ed,)3.045 F F2(sendmail)3.045 E F1 .545(will ne)3.045
F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.045(rt).15 G .545(ry an)-3.045 F 3.045(ym)-.15 G
(atches)-3.045 E(at all \212 that is, e)174 537.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(rything will appear to f).15 E(ail.)-.1 E<ad61>102 553.8 Q F2(x)A F1
1.356(Append the string)57.48 F F2(x)3.856 E F1 1.357
(on successful matches.)3.856 F -.15(Fo)6.357 G 3.857(re).15 G 1.357
(xample, the def)-4.007 F(ault)-.1 E F2(host)3.857 E F1(map)3.857 E
(appends a dot on successful matches.)174 565.8 Q<ad54>102 582 Q F2(x)A
F1 .021(Append the string)55.81 F F2(x)2.521 E F1 .021(on temporary f)
2.521 F 2.521(ailures. F)-.1 F .021(or e)-.15 F(xample,)-.15 E F2(x)
2.521 E F1 -.1(wo)2.521 G .02(uld be appended if a).1 F .72
(DNS lookup returned \231serv)174 594 R .72(er f)-.15 F .72
(ailed\232 or an NIS lookup could not locate a serv)-.1 F(er)-.15 E(.)
-.55 E(See also the)174 606 Q F0<ad74>2.5 E F1(\215ag.)2.5 E 60.53
(\255f Do)102 622.2 R(not fold upper to lo)2.5 E
(wer case before looking up the k)-.25 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(.)-.5 E 56.08
(\255m Match)102 638.4 R .4(only \(without replacing the v)2.9 F 2.899
(alue\). If)-.25 F .399(you only care about the e)2.899 F .399
(xistence of)-.15 F 7.306(ak)174 650.4 S 5.107 -.15(ey a)-7.406 H 4.807
(nd not the v).15 F 4.807
(alue \(as you might when searching the NIS map)-.25 F 1.947
(\231hosts.byname\232 for e)174 662.4 R 1.947(xample\), this \215ag pre)
-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.947(nts the map from substituting the).15 F -.25
(va)174 674.4 S 2.849(lue. Ho).25 F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.149 -.4
(r, T).15 H .349(he \255a ar).4 F .349
(gument is still appended on a match, and the def)-.18 F .35(ault is)-.1
F(still tak)174 686.4 Q(en if the match f)-.1 E(ails.)-.1 E<ad6b>102
702.6 Q F2 -.1(ke)C(ycol)-.2 E F1 .52(The k)36.22 F .82 -.15(ey c)-.1 H
.519(olumn name \(for NIS+\) or number \(for te).15 F .519
(xt lookups\).)-.15 F -.15(Fo)5.519 G 3.019(rL).15 G -.4(DA)-3.019 G
3.019(Pm).4 G(aps)-3.019 E .312(this is a \214lter string passed to printf with a %s where the string to be \231mapped\232 is)
174 714.6 R EP
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%%EndPageSetup
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-60 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(inserted.)174 96 Q<ad76>102 112.2 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(valcol)A F1
1.929(The v)36.92 F 1.928
(alue column name \(for NIS+\) or number \(for te)-.25 F 1.928
(xt lookups\).)-.15 F -.15(Fo)6.928 G 4.428(rL).15 G -.4(DA)-4.428 G(P)
.4 E(maps this is the name of the attrib)174 124.2 Q
(ute to be returned.)-.2 E<ad7a>102 140.4 Q F2(delim)A F1 .218
(The column delimiter \(for te)39.7 F .218(xt lookups\).)-.15 F .219
(It can be a single character or one of the)5.219 F 1.826
(special strings \231)174 152.4 R 1.826(\\n\232 or \231)1.666 F 1.826
(\\t\232 to indicate ne)1.666 F 1.825(wline or tab respecti)-.25 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 6.825(.I)-.65 G 4.325(fo)-6.825 G(mitted)-4.325 E
(entirely)174 164.4 Q 2.5(,t)-.65 G(he column separator is an)-2.5 E 2.5
(ys)-.15 G(equence of whitespace.)-2.5 E 61.08(\255t Normally)102 180.6
R 2.726(,w)-.65 G .226(hen a map attempts to do a lookup and the serv)
-2.726 F .227(er f)-.15 F .227(ails \(e.g.,)-.1 F F2(sendmail)2.727 E F1
(couldn')174 192.6 Q 2.776(tc)-.18 G .276(ontact an)-2.776 F 2.776(yn)
-.15 G .276(ame serv)-2.776 F .276(er; this is)-.15 F F2(not)2.776 E F1
.276(the same as an entry not being found)2.776 F .251(in the map\), the message being processed is queued for future processing.)
174 204.6 R(The)5.251 E F0<ad74>2.751 E F1 1.623(\215ag turns of)174
216.6 R 4.123(ft)-.25 G 1.623(his beha)-4.123 F(viour)-.2 E 4.123(,l)-.4
G 1.622(etting the temporary f)-4.123 F 1.622(ailure \(serv)-.1 F 1.622
(er do)-.15 F 1.622(wn\) act as)-.25 F .675
(though it were a permanent f)174 228.6 R .675
(ailure \(entry not found\).)-.1 F .676(It is particularly useful for)
5.676 F .772(DNS lookups, where someone else')174 240.6 R 3.272(sm)-.55
G .772(iscon\214gured name serv)-3.272 F .772(er can cause prob-)-.15 F
1.645(lems on your machine.)174 252.6 R(Ho)6.645 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)
-.25 G 2.445 -.4(r, c).15 H 1.645(are must be tak).4 F 1.646
(en to ensure that you don')-.1 F(t)-.18 E .263(bounce mail that w)174
264.6 R .263(ould be resolv)-.1 F .262(ed correctly if you tried ag)-.15
F 2.762(ain. A)-.05 F .262(common strat-)2.762 F -.15(eg)174 276.6 S 2.5
(yi).15 G 2.5(st)-2.5 G 2.5(of)-2.5 G(orw)-2.5 E
(ard such mail to another)-.1 E 2.5(,p)-.4 G
(ossibly better connected, mail serv)-2.5 E(er)-.15 E(.)-.55 E<ad73>102
292.8 Q F2(spacesub)A F1 -.15(Fo)25.81 G 3.1(rt).15 G .6
(he dequote map only)-3.1 F 3.101(,t)-.65 G .601
(he character to use to replace space characters after a)-3.101 F
(successful dequote.)174 304.8 Q 58.86(\255q Don')102 321 R 2.5(td)-.18
G(equote the k)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ey b)-.1 H(efore lookup.).15 E 56.64
(\255A When)102 337.2 R(reb)3 E .5(uilding an alias \214le, the)-.2 F F0
<ad41>3 E F1 .5(\215ag causes duplicate entries in the te)3 F .5(xt v)
-.15 F(er)-.15 E(-)-.2 E(sion to be mer)174 349.2 Q 2.5(ged. F)-.18 F
(or e)-.15 E(xample, tw)-.15 E 2.5(oe)-.1 G(ntries:)-2.5 E 90.49
(list: user1,)214 365.4 R(user2)2.5 E 90.49(list: user3)214 377.4 R -.1
(wo)174 393.6 S(uld be treated as though it were the single entry).1 E
90.49(list: user1,)214 409.8 R(user2, user3)2.5 E
(in the presence of the)174 426 Q F0<ad41>2.5 E F1(\215ag.)2.5 E(The)127
442.2 Q F2(dbm)2.989 E F1 .489
(map appends the strings \231.pag\232 and \231.dir\232 to the gi)2.989 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.99<6e8c>.15 G .49(lename; the)-2.99 F F2(hash)2.99 E F1
(and)2.99 E F2(btr)2.99 E(ee)-.37 E F1(maps append \231.db\232.)102
454.2 Q -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample, the map speci\214cation)-2.65 E
-.15(Ku)142 470.4 S(ucp dbm \255o \255N /usr/lib/uucpmap).15 E .21(speci\214es an optional map named \231uucp\232 of class \231dbm\232; it al)
102 486.6 R -.1(wa)-.1 G .21(ys has null bytes at the end of e).1 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E
(string, and the data is located in /usr/lib/uucpmap.{dir)102 498.6 Q
(,pag}.)-.4 E 1.094(The program)127 514.8 R F2(mak)3.594 E(emap)-.1 E F1
1.094(\(8\) can be used to b)B 1.094(uild an)-.2 F 3.594(yo)-.15 G 3.594
(ft)-3.594 G 1.095(he three database-oriented maps.)-3.594 F(It)6.095 E
(tak)102 526.8 Q(es the follo)-.1 E(wing \215ags:)-.25 E 60.53(\255f Do)
102 543 R(not fold upper to lo)2.5 E(wer case in the map.)-.25 E 56.64
(\255N Include)102 559.2 R(null bytes in k)2.5 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(s.).15 E
58.86(\255o Append)102 575.4 R(to an e)2.5 E(xisting \(old\) \214le.)
-.15 E 60.53(\255r Allo)102 591.6 R 3.669(wr)-.25 G 1.169
(eplacement of e)-3.669 F 1.168(xisting k)-.15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 1.168
(s; normally).15 F 3.668(,r)-.65 G 1.168(e-inserting an e)-3.668 F 1.168
(xisting k)-.15 F 1.468 -.15(ey i)-.1 H 3.668(sa).15 G(n)-3.668 E(error)
174 603.6 Q(.)-.55 E 58.86(\255v Print)102 619.8 R(what is happening.)
2.5 E(The)102 636 Q F2(sendmail)3.605 E F1 1.105(daemon does not ha)
3.605 F 1.405 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 3.605(ob).15 G 3.605(er)-3.605 G 1.106
(estarted to read the ne)-3.605 F 3.606(wm)-.25 G 1.106
(aps as long as you change)-3.606 F
(them in place; \214le locking is used so that the maps w)102 650 Q(on')
-.1 E 2.5(tb)-.18 G 2.5(er)-2.5 G(ead while the)-2.5 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G
(re being updated.)-2.5 E/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(24)-4 I .32 LW 76 669.2
72 669.2 DL 80 669.2 76 669.2 DL 84 669.2 80 669.2 DL 88 669.2 84 669.2
DL 92 669.2 88 669.2 DL 96 669.2 92 669.2 DL 100 669.2 96 669.2 DL 104
669.2 100 669.2 DL 108 669.2 104 669.2 DL 112 669.2 108 669.2 DL 116
669.2 112 669.2 DL 120 669.2 116 669.2 DL 124 669.2 120 669.2 DL 128
669.2 124 669.2 DL 132 669.2 128 669.2 DL 136 669.2 132 669.2 DL 140
669.2 136 669.2 DL 144 669.2 140 669.2 DL 148 669.2 144 669.2 DL 152
669.2 148 669.2 DL 156 669.2 152 669.2 DL 160 669.2 156 669.2 DL 164
669.2 160 669.2 DL 168 669.2 164 669.2 DL 172 669.2 168 669.2 DL 176
669.2 172 669.2 DL 180 669.2 176 669.2 DL 184 669.2 180 669.2 DL 188
669.2 184 669.2 DL 192 669.2 188 669.2 DL 196 669.2 192 669.2 DL 200
669.2 196 669.2 DL 204 669.2 200 669.2 DL 208 669.2 204 669.2 DL 212
669.2 208 669.2 DL 216 669.2 212 669.2 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(24)93.6
679.6 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .466(That is, don')3.2 J 2.466(tc)-.144 G
.466(reate ne)-2.466 F 2.466(wm)-.2 G .466(aps and then use)-2.466 F/F6
8/Times-Italic@0 SF(mv)2.466 E F5 .466(\(1\) to mo)B .706 -.12(ve t)-.12
H .466(hem into place.).12 F .465
(Since the maps are already open the ne)4.466 F 2.465(wm)-.2 G(aps)
-2.465 E(will ne)72 692.4 Q -.12(ve)-.2 G 2(rb).12 G 2(es)-2 G(een.)-2 E
EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-61)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(Ne)127 96 Q 2.5(wc)-.25 G
(lasses can be added in the routine)-2.5 E F0(setupmaps)2.5 E F1
(in \214le)2.5 E F0(conf)2.5 E(.c)-.15 E F1(.)A F0 2.5(5.10. The)87 120
R(User Database)2.5 E F1 .108(If you ha)127 136.2 R .408 -.15(ve a ve)
-.2 H .109(rsion of).15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.609 E F1
.109(with the user database package compiled in, the handling of)2.609 F
(sender and recipient addresses is modi\214ed.)102 148.2 Q
(The location of this database is controlled with the)127 164.4 Q F0
(UserDatabaseSpec)2.5 E F1(option.)2.5 E F0 2.5(5.10.1. Structur)102
188.4 R 2.5(eo)-.18 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he user database)-2.5 E F1
(The database is a sorted \(BT)142 204.6 Q(ree-based\) structure.)-.35 E
(User records are stored with the k)5 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(:).15 E F2(user)
157 220.8 Q(-name)-.2 E F0(:)A F2(\214eld-name)A F1 .128(The sorted database format ensures that user records are clustered together)
117 237 R 5.128(.M)-.55 G .128(eta-information is)-5.128 F(al)117 249 Q
-.1(wa)-.1 G(ys stored with a leading colon.).1 E
(Field names de\214ne both the syntax and semantics of the v)142 265.2 Q
2.5(alue. De\214ned)-.25 F(\214elds include:)2.5 E 33.39(maildrop The)
117 281.4 R(deli)4.872 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.372(ry address for this user)
.15 F 7.372(.T)-.55 G 2.373(here may be multiple v)-7.372 F 2.373
(alues of this)-.25 F 2.675(record. In)189 293.4 R(particular)2.675 E
2.675(,m)-.4 G .175(ailing lists will ha)-2.675 F .475 -.15(ve o)-.2 H
(ne).15 E F2(maildr)2.675 E(op)-.45 E F1 .175(record for each user)2.675
F(on the list.)189 305.4 Q 30.06(mailname The)117 321.6 R 1.026
(outgoing mailname for this user)3.526 F 6.026(.F)-.55 G 1.027
(or each outgoing name, there should)-6.176 F .08(be an appropriate)189
333.6 R F2(maildr)2.58 E(op)-.45 E F1 .08(record for that name to allo)
2.58 F 2.58(wr)-.25 G .08(eturn mail.)-2.58 F .08(See also)5.08 F F2
(:default:mailname)189 345.6 Q F1(.)A 25.62(mailsender Changes)117 361.8
R(an)3.447 E 3.447(ym)-.15 G .947(ail sent to this address to ha)-3.447
F 1.248 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .948(he indicated en).15 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .948
(lope sender).15 F(.)-.55 E .498(This is intended for mailing lists, and will normally be the name of an appro-)
189 373.8 R .754(priate -request address.)189 385.8 R .754(It is v)5.754
F .755(ery similar to the o)-.15 F(wner)-.25 E(-)-.2 E F2(list)A F1 .755
(syntax in the alias)3.255 F(\214le.)189 397.8 Q 33.95(fullname The)117
414 R(full name of the user)2.5 E(.)-.55 E(of)117 430.2 Q 13.66
(\214ce-address The)-.25 F(of)2.5 E(\214ce address for this user)-.25 E
(.)-.55 E(of)117 446.4 Q 19.21(\214ce-phone The)-.25 F(of)2.5 E
(\214ce phone number for this user)-.25 E(.)-.55 E(of)117 462.6 Q
(\214ce-f)-.25 E 30.98(ax The)-.1 F(of)2.5 E(\214ce F)-.25 E
(AX number for this user)-.74 E(.)-.55 E 13.96(home-address The)117
478.8 R(home address for this user)2.5 E(.)-.55 E 19.51(home-phone The)
117 495 R(home phone number for this user)2.5 E(.)-.55 E(home-f)117
511.2 Q 31.28(ax The)-.1 F(home F)2.5 E(AX number for this user)-.74 E
(.)-.55 E 41.73(project A)117 527.4 R .856
(\(short\) description of the project this person is af)3.356 F .855
(\214liated with.)-.25 F .855(In the Uni-)5.855 F -.15(ve)189 539.4 S
(rsity this is often just the name of their graduate advisor).15 E(.)
-.55 E 52.28(plan A)117 555.6 R
(pointer to a \214le from which plan information can be g)2.5 E
(athered.)-.05 E .924(As of this writing, only a fe)142 571.8 R 3.424
(wo)-.25 G 3.424(ft)-3.424 G .925
(hese \214elds are actually being used by)-3.424 F F2(sendmail)3.425 E
F1(:)A F2(mail-)3.425 E(dr)117 583.8 Q(op)-.45 E F1(and)2.5 E F2
(mailname)2.5 E F1 5(.A)C F2(\214ng)-2.5 E(er)-.1 E F1
(program that uses the other \214elds is planned.)2.5 E F0 2.5
(5.10.2. User)102 607.8 R(database semantics)2.5 E F1 .996(When the re)
142 624 R .995(writing rules submit an address to the local mailer)-.25
F 3.495(,t)-.4 G .995(he user name is passed)-3.495 F .78
(through the alias \214le.)117 636 R .781(If no alias is found \(or if the alias points back to the same address\), the)
5.78 F 1.778
(name \(with \231:maildrop\232 appended\) is then used as a k)117 648 R
2.077 -.15(ey i)-.1 H 4.277(nt).15 G 1.777(he user database.)-4.277 F
1.777(If no match)6.777 F
(occurs \(or if the maildrop points at the same address\), forw)117 660
Q(arding is tried.)-.1 E .55(If the \214rst tok)142 676.2 R .551(en of the user name returned by ruleset 0 is an \231@\232 sign, the user database)
-.1 F .626(lookup is skipped.)117 688.2 R .625
(The intent is that the user database will act as a set of def)5.626 F
.625(aults for a cluster)-.1 F 1.533
(\(in our case, the Computer Science Di)117 700.2 R 1.533
(vision\); mail sent to a speci\214c machine should ignore)-.25 F
(these def)117 712.2 Q(aults.)-.1 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-62 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .351
(When mail is sent, the name of the sending user is look)142 96 R .351
(ed up in the database.)-.1 F .351(If that user)5.351 F .04
(has a \231mailname\232 record, the v)117 108 R .041
(alue of that record is used as their outgoing name.)-.25 F -.15(Fo)
5.041 G 2.541(re).15 G .041(xample, I)-2.691 F(might ha)117 120 Q .3
-.15(ve a r)-.2 H(ecord:).15 E 48.29(eric:mailname Eric.Allman@CS.Berk)
157 136.2 R(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E(This w)117 152.4 Q
(ould cause my outgoing mail to be sent as Eric.Allman.)-.1 E .52
(If a \231maildrop\232 is found for the user)142 168.6 R 3.019(,b)-.4 G
.519(ut no corresponding \231mailname\232 record e)-3.219 F .519
(xists, the)-.15 F 1.127(record \231:def)117 180.6 R 1.127
(ault:mailname\232 is consulted.)-.1 F 1.127
(If present, this is the name of a host to o)6.127 F -.15(ve)-.15 G
1.128(rride the).15 F .625(local host.)117 192.6 R -.15(Fo)5.625 G 3.125
(re).15 G .625(xample, in our case we w)-3.275 F .625
(ould set it to \231CS.Berk)-.1 F(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G 3.125
(EDU\232. The).65 F(ef)3.125 E .625(fect is that)-.25 F(an)117 204.6 Q
.881(yone kno)-.15 F .882(wn in the database gets their outgoing mail stamped as \231user@CS.Berk)
-.25 F(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU\232,).65 E -.2(bu)117 216.6 S 2.5
(tp).2 G(eople not listed in the database use the local hostname.)-2.5 E
F0 2.5(5.10.3. Cr)102 242.6 R(eating the database)-.18 E/F2 7
/Times-Bold@0 SF(25)-4 I F1 .375(The user database is b)142 258.8 R .375
(uilt from a te)-.2 F .375(xt \214le using the)-.15 F/F3 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(mak)2.875 E(emap)-.1 E F1 .375
(utility \(in the distrib)2.875 F .375(ution in)-.2 F 1.039(the mak)117
270.8 R 1.039(emap subdirectory\).)-.1 F 1.039(The te)6.039 F 1.038
(xt \214le is a series of lines corresponding to userdb records;)-.15 F
1.588(each line has a k)117 282.8 R 1.889 -.15(ey a)-.1 H 1.589(nd a v)
.15 F 1.589(alue separated by white space.)-.25 F 1.589(The k)6.589 F
1.889 -.15(ey i)-.1 H 4.089(sa).15 G -.1(lwa)-4.089 G 1.589
(ys in the format).1 F(described abo)117 294.8 Q .3 -.15(ve \212 f)-.15
H(or e).15 E(xample:)-.15 E(eric:maildrop)157 311 Q .448
(This \214le is normally installed in a system directory; for e)117
327.2 R .447(xample, it might be called)-.15 F F3(/etc/user)2.947 E(db)
-.37 E F1(.)A 1.6 -.8(To m)117 339.2 T(ak).8 E 2.5(et)-.1 G
(he database v)-2.5 E(ersion of the map, run the program:)-.15 E(mak)157
355.4 Q(emap btree /etc/userdb)-.1 E(.db < /etc/userdb)-.4 E .077
(Then create a con\214g \214le that uses this.)117 371.6 R -.15(Fo)5.077
G 2.577(re).15 G .077
(xample, using the V8 M4 con\214guration, include the)-2.727 F(follo)117
383.6 Q(wing line in your .mc \214le:)-.25 E
(de\214ne\(\222confUSERDB_SPEC\264, /etc/userdb)157 399.8 Q(.db\))-.4 E
F0 2.5(6. O)72 428 R(THER CONFIGURA)-.4 E(TION)-.95 E F1 .907
(There are some con\214guration changes that can be made by recompiling)
112 444.2 R F3(sendmail)3.407 E F1 5.907(.T)C .906(his section)-5.907 F
1.139(describes what changes can be made and what has to be modi\214ed to mak)
87 456.2 R 3.639(et)-.1 G 3.639(hem. In)-3.639 F 1.139(most cases this)
3.639 F(should be unnecessary unless you are porting)87 468.2 Q F3
(sendmail)2.5 E F1(to a ne)2.5 E 2.5(we)-.25 G -.4(nv)-2.5 G(ironment.)
.4 E F0 2.5(6.1. P)87 492.2 R(arameters in BuildT)-.1 E(ools/OS/$oscf)
-.92 E F1 .92
(These parameters are intended to describe the compilation en)127 508.4
R .92(vironment, not site polic)-.4 F 2.22 -.65(y, a)-.15 H(nd).65 E
.739(should normally be de\214ned in the operating system con\214guration \214le.)
102 520.4 R F0 .74(This section needs a com-)5.739 F(plete r)102 532.4 Q
(ewrite.)-.18 E F1 39.5(NDBM If)102 548.6 R .665(set, the ne)3.165 F
3.165(wv)-.25 G .664(ersion of the DBM library that allo)-3.315 F .664
(ws multiple databases will be)-.25 F 2.542(used. If)174 560.6 R .042
(neither NDBM nor NEWDB are set, a much less ef)2.542 F .043
(\214cient method of alias)-.25 F(lookup is used.)174 572.6 Q 32.84
(NEWDB If)102 588.8 R .142(set, use the ne)2.642 F 2.642(wd)-.25 G .142
(atabase package from Berk)-2.642 F(ele)-.1 E 2.641(y\()-.15 G .141
(from 4.4BSD\).)-2.641 F .141(This package)5.141 F .266
(is substantially f)174 600.8 R .267(aster than DBM or NDBM.)-.1 F .267
(If NEWDB and NDBM are both set,)5.267 F F3(sendmail)174 612.8 Q F1
(will read DBM \214les, b)2.5 E(ut will create and use NEWDB \214les.)
-.2 E 53.39(NIS Include)102 629 R .12(support for NIS.)2.62 F .119
(If set together with)5.119 F F3(both)2.619 E F1 .119(NEWDB and NDBM,)
2.619 F F3(sendmail)2.619 E F1 .947(will create both DBM and NEWDB \214les if and only if an alias \214le includes the)
174 641 R 3.409(substring \231/yp/\232 in the name.)174 653 R 3.409
(This is intended for compatibility with Sun)8.409 F(Microsystems')174
665 Q F3(mkalias)2.5 E F1(program used on YP masters.)2.5 E .32 LW 76
674.6 72 674.6 DL 80 674.6 76 674.6 DL 84 674.6 80 674.6 DL 88 674.6 84
674.6 DL 92 674.6 88 674.6 DL 96 674.6 92 674.6 DL 100 674.6 96 674.6 DL
104 674.6 100 674.6 DL 108 674.6 104 674.6 DL 112 674.6 108 674.6 DL 116
674.6 112 674.6 DL 120 674.6 116 674.6 DL 124 674.6 120 674.6 DL 128
674.6 124 674.6 DL 132 674.6 128 674.6 DL 136 674.6 132 674.6 DL 140
674.6 136 674.6 DL 144 674.6 140 674.6 DL 148 674.6 144 674.6 DL 152
674.6 148 674.6 DL 156 674.6 152 674.6 DL 160 674.6 156 674.6 DL 164
674.6 160 674.6 DL 168 674.6 164 674.6 DL 172 674.6 168 674.6 DL 176
674.6 172 674.6 DL 180 674.6 176 674.6 DL 184 674.6 180 674.6 DL 188
674.6 184 674.6 DL 192 674.6 188 674.6 DL 196 674.6 192 674.6 DL 200
674.6 196 674.6 DL 204 674.6 200 674.6 DL 208 674.6 204 674.6 DL 212
674.6 208 674.6 DL 216 674.6 212 674.6 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(25)93.6
685 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .289(These instructions are kno)3.2 J .289
(wn to be incomplete.)-.2 F 2.289(Af)4.289 G .289(uture v)-2.289 F .289
(ersion of the user database is planned including things such as \214n-)
-.12 F(ger service \212 and good documentation.)72 697.8 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-63)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 28.94(NISPLUS Compile)102 96
R(in support for NIS+.)2.5 E 26.73(NETINFO Compile)102 112.2 R
(in support for NetInfo \(NeXT stations\).)2.5 E(LD)102 128.4 Q 22.12
(APMAP Compile)-.4 F 1.225(in support for LD)3.725 F 1.225
(AP X500 queries.)-.4 F 1.226(Requires libldap and liblber from)6.226 F
(the Umich LD)174 140.4 Q(AP 3.2 or 3.3 release.)-.4 E 32.84
(HESIOD Compile)102 156.6 R(in support for Hesiod.)2.5 E(_P)102 172.8 Q
-1.11(AT)-.92 G(H_SENDMAILCF)1.11 E
(The pathname of the sendmail.cf \214le.)174 184.8 Q(_P)102 201 Q -1.11
(AT)-.92 G(H_SENDMAILPID)1.11 E
(The pathname of the sendmail.pid \214le.)174 213 Q 1.44
(There are also se)127 229.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.439
(ral compilation \215ags to indicate the en).15 F 1.439
(vironment such as \231_AIX3\232 and)-.4 F 2.5(\231_SCO_unix_\232. See)
102 241.2 R
(the src/README \214le for the latest scoop on these \215ags.)2.5 E F0
2.5(6.2. P)87 265.2 R(arameters in sr)-.1 E(c/conf)-.18 E(.h)-.15 E F1
-.15(Pa)127 281.4 S .895
(rameters and compilation options are de\214ned in conf.h.).15 F .896
(Most of these need not normally)5.895 F .193(be tweak)102 293.4 R .192
(ed; common parameters are all in sendmail.cf.)-.1 F(Ho)5.192 E(we)-.25
E -.15(ve)-.25 G .992 -.4(r, t).15 H .192(he sizes of certain primiti).4
F .492 -.15(ve ve)-.25 H(c-).15 E
(tors, etc., are included in this \214le.)102 305.4 Q(The numbers follo)
5 E(wing the parameters are their def)-.25 E(ault v)-.1 E(alue.)-.25 E
1.247(This document is not the best source of information for compilation \215ags in conf.h \212 see)
127 321.6 R(src/README or src/conf.h itself.)102 333.6 Q(MAXLINE [2048])
102 349.8 Q 2.069(The maximum line length of an)11.14 F 4.568(yi)-.15 G
2.068(nput line.)-4.568 F 2.068(If message lines e)7.068 F 2.068
(xceed this)-.15 F .575(length the)188.4 361.8 R 3.075(yw)-.15 G .575
(ill still be processed correctly; ho)-3.075 F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
1.375 -.4(r, h).15 H .575(eader lines, con\214gura-).4 F
(tion \214le lines, alias lines, etc., must \214t within this limit.)
188.4 373.8 Q(MAXN)102 390 Q(AME [256])-.35 E(The maximum length of an)
9.82 E 2.5(yn)-.15 G(ame, such as a host or a user name.)-2.5 E
(MAXPV [40])102 406.2 Q .25(The maximum number of parameters to an)31.13
F 2.75(ym)-.15 G(ailer)-2.75 E 5.25(.T)-.55 G .25
(his limits the number of)-5.25 F .375
(recipients that may be passed in one transaction.)188.4 418.2 R .376
(It can be set to an)5.376 F 2.876(ya)-.15 G(rbitrary)-2.876 E .876
(number abo)188.4 430.2 R 1.176 -.15(ve a)-.15 H .876(bout 10, since).15
F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.376 E F1 .876(will break up a deli)
3.376 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .875(ry into smaller).15 F .886
(batches as needed.)188.4 442.2 R 3.386(Ah)5.886 G .887
(igher number may reduce load on your system, ho)-3.386 F(w-)-.25 E
-2.15 -.25(ev e)188.4 454.2 T -.55(r.).25 G(MAXA)102 470.4 Q -.18(TO)
-1.11 G 2.5(M[).18 G 8.26(100] The)-2.5 F .064
(maximum number of atoms \(tok)2.564 F .063(ens\) in a single address.)
-.1 F -.15(Fo)5.063 G 2.563(re).15 G .063(xample, the)-2.713 F
(address \231eric@CS.Berk)188.4 482.4 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G
(EDU\232 is se).65 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(na).15 G(toms.)-2.5 E
(MAXMAILERS [25])102 498.6 Q .122(The maximum number of mailers that may be de\214ned in the con\214guration \214le.)
.02 F(MAXR)102 514.8 Q(WSETS [200])-.55 E .432(The maximum number of re)
.01 F .432(writing sets that may be de\214ned.)-.25 F .431
(The \214rst half of)5.431 F .034(these are reserv)188.4 526.8 R .034
(ed for numeric speci\214cation \(e.g., `)-.15 F(`S92')-.74 E .035
('\), while the upper half)-.74 F .492(are reserv)188.4 538.8 R .492
(ed for auto-numbering \(e.g., `)-.15 F(`Sfoo')-.74 E 2.992('\). Thus,)
-.74 F .492(with a v)2.992 F .491(alue of 200 an)-.25 F
(attempt to use `)188.4 550.8 Q(`S99')-.74 E 2.5('w)-.74 G
(ill succeed, b)-2.5 E(ut `)-.2 E(`S100')-.74 E 2.5('w)-.74 G(ill f)-2.5
E(ail.)-.1 E(MAXPRIORITIES [25])102 567 Q 2.481(The maximum number of v)
188.4 579 R 2.482(alues for the \231Precedence:\232 \214eld that may be)
-.25 F(de\214ned \(using the)188.4 591 Q F0(P)2.5 E F1
(line in sendmail.cf\).)2.5 E(MAXUSERENVIR)102 607.2 Q(ON [100])-.4 E
.399(The maximum number of items in the user en)188.4 619.2 R .399
(vironment that will be passed to)-.4 F(subordinate mailers.)188.4 631.2
Q(MAXMXHOSTS [100])102 647.4 Q
(The maximum number of MX records we will accept for an)188.4 659.4 Q
2.5(ys)-.15 G(ingle host.)-2.5 E(MAXALIASDB [12])102 675.6 Q .767
(The maximum number of alias databases that can be open at an).58 F
3.267(yt)-.15 G 3.267(ime. Note)-3.267 F
(that there may also be an open \214le limit.)188.4 687.6 Q(MAXMAPST)102
703.8 Q -.4(AC)-.93 G 2.5(K[).4 G(12])-2.5 E 1.65
(The maximum number of maps that may be "stack)188.4 715.8 R 1.65
(ed" in a)-.1 F F0(sequence)4.15 E F1(class)4.15 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-64 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(map.)
188.4 96 Q(MAXMIMEARGS [20])102 112.2 Q .718(The maximum number of ar)
188.4 124.2 R .718(guments in a MIME Content-T)-.18 F .718
(ype: header; addi-)-.8 F(tional ar)188.4 136.2 Q
(guments will be ignored.)-.18 E(MAXMIMENESTING [20])102 152.4 Q .4(The maximum depth to which MIME messages may be nested \(that is, nested)
188.4 164.4 R 1.344(Message or Multipart documents; this does not limit the number of compo-)
188.4 176.4 R(nents in a single Multipart document\).)188.4 188.4 Q
2.851(An)102 204.6 S .351(umber of other compilation options e)-2.851 F
2.851(xist. These)-.15 F .35
(specify whether or not speci\214c code should be)2.851 F(compiled in.)
102 216.6 Q(Ones mark)5 E(ed with \207 are 0/1 v)-.1 E(alued.)-.25 E
36.69(NETINET\207 If)102 232.8 R .829
(set, support for Internet protocol netw)3.329 F .829
(orking is compiled in.)-.1 F(Pre)5.829 E .83(vious v)-.25 F(er)-.15 E
(-)-.2 E .178(sions of)188.4 244.8 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)
2.678 E F1 .178(referred to this as)2.678 F/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF -.36
(DA)2.678 G(EMON).36 E F1 2.677(;t)C .177(his old usage is no)-2.677 F
2.677(wi)-.25 G(ncorrect.)-2.677 E(Def)188.4 256.8 Q 1.87
(aults on; turn it of)-.1 F 4.37(fi)-.25 G 4.37(nt)-4.37 G 1.87(he Mak)
-4.37 F 1.87(e\214le if your system doesn')-.1 F 4.37(ts)-.18 G 1.87
(upport the)-4.37 F(Internet protocols.)188.4 268.8 Q 43.35
(NETISO\207 If)102 285 R .143(set, support for ISO protocol netw)2.643 F
.142(orking is compiled in \(it may be appropri-)-.1 F
(ate to #de\214ne this in the Mak)188.4 297 Q
(e\214le instead of conf.h\).)-.1 E 63.35(LOG If)102 313.2 R .5
(set, the)3 F F2(syslo)3 E(g)-.1 E F1 .5
(routine in use at some sites is used.)3 F .5(This mak)5.5 F .5
(es an informa-)-.1 F .504
(tional log record for each message processed, and mak)188.4 325.2 R
.504(es a higher priority log)-.1 F .052
(record for internal system errors.)188.4 337.2 R F0(STR)5.052 E(ONGL)
-.3 E 2.552(YR)-.92 G(ECOMMENDED)-2.552 E F1 2.553<8a69>2.552 G 2.553
(fy)-2.553 G(ou)-2.553 E -.1(wa)188.4 349.2 S(nt no logging, turn it of)
.1 E 2.5(fi)-.25 G 2.5(nt)-2.5 G(he con\214guration \214le.)-2.5 E(MA)
102 365.4 Q 11.12(TCHGECOS\207 Compile)-1.11 F 3.555
(in the code to do `)6.055 F 3.555(`fuzzy matching')-.74 F 6.055('o)-.74
G 6.055(nt)-6.055 G 3.555(he GECOS \214eld in)-6.055 F 2.5
(/etc/passwd. This)188.4 377.4 R(also requires that the)2.5 E F0
(MatchGECOS)2.5 E F1(option be turned on.)2.5 E -.35(NA)102 393.6 S
13.15(MED_BIND\207 Compile).35 F .412(in code to use the Berk)2.912 F
(ele)-.1 E 2.913(yI)-.15 G .413(nternet Name Domain \(BIND\) serv)-2.913
F .413(er to)-.15 F(resolv)188.4 405.6 Q 2.5(eT)-.15 G
(CP/IP host names.)-2.5 E(NO)102 421.8 Q 38.76(TUNIX If)-.4 F .248(you are using a non-UNIX mail format, you can set this \215ag to turn of)
2.748 F 2.747(fs)-.25 G(pe-)-2.747 E
(cial processing of UNIX-style \231From \232 lines.)188.4 433.8 Q -.1
(QU)102 450 S 45.12(EUE\207 This).1 F 1.559
(\215ag should be set to compile in the queueing code.)4.059 F 1.56
(If this is not set,)6.56 F(mailers must accept the mail immediately or it will be returned to the sender)
188.4 462 Q(.)-.55 E 52.78(SMTP\207 If)102 478.2 R .756
(set, the code to handle user and serv)3.256 F .756
(er SMTP will be compiled in.)-.15 F .756(This is)5.756 F 2.507
(only necessary if your machine has some mailer that speaks SMTP \(this)
188.4 490.2 R(means most machines e)188.4 502.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(rywhere\).).15 E 39.45(USERDB\207 Include)102 518.4 R(the)3.449 E F0
(experimental)3.449 E F1(Berk)3.449 E(ele)-.1 E 3.449(yu)-.15 G .949
(ser information database package.)-3.449 F(This)5.948 E .27(adds a ne)
188.4 530.4 R 2.77(wl)-.25 G -2.15 -.25(ev e)-2.77 H 2.77(lo).25 G 2.77
(fl)-2.77 G .27(ocal name e)-2.77 F .27
(xpansion between aliasing and forw)-.15 F 2.77(arding. It)-.1 F
(also uses the NEWDB package.)188.4 542.4 Q
(This may change in future releases.)5 E(The follo)102 558.6 Q
(wing options are normally turned on in per)-.25 E
(-operating-system clauses in conf.h.)-.2 E(IDENTPR)102 574.8 Q -1.88
-.4(OT O)-.4 H 19.61<8743>.4 G .376
(ompile in the IDENT protocol as de\214ned in RFC 1413.)-19.61 F .375
(This def)5.375 F .375(aults on for)-.1 F 1.053(all systems e)188.4
586.8 R 1.053(xcept Ultrix, which apparently has the interesting \231feature\232 that)
-.15 F .83(when it recei)188.4 598.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.33(sa\231).15 G
.83(host unreachable\232 message it closes all open connections)-3.33 F
1.921(to that host.)188.4 610.8 R 1.921(Since some \214re)6.921 F -.1
(wa)-.25 G 1.922(ll g).1 F(ate)-.05 E -.1(wa)-.25 G 1.922
(ys send this error code when you).1 F 2.055(access an unauthorized port \(such as 113, used by IDENT\), Ultrix cannot)
188.4 622.8 R(recei)188.4 634.8 Q .3 -.15(ve e)-.25 H
(mail from such hosts.).15 E 39.45(SYSTEM5 Set)102 651 R
(all of the compilation parameters appropriate for System V)2.5 E(.)
-1.29 E 26.12(HASFLOCK\207 Use)102 667.2 R(Berk)2.844 E(ele)-.1 E
(y-style)-.15 E F0(\215ock)2.844 E F1 .344(instead of System V)2.844 F
F0(lockf)2.845 E F1 .345(to do \214le locking.)2.845 F .345(Due to)5.345
F .184(the highly unusual semantics of locks across forks in)188.4 679.2
R F0(lockf)2.684 E F1 2.684(,t)C .184(his should al)-2.684 F -.1(wa)-.1
G(ys).1 E(be used if at all possible.)188.4 691.2 Q(HASINITGR)102 707.4
Q 4.86(OUPS Set)-.4 F 1.284(this if your system has the)3.783 F F2
(initgr)3.784 E(oups\(\))-.45 E F1 1.284(call \(if you ha)3.784 F 1.584
-.15(ve m)-.2 H 1.284(ultiple group).15 F 4.417(support\). This)188.4
719.4 R 1.917(is the def)4.417 F 1.917(ault if SYSTEM5 is)-.1 F F2(not)
4.416 E F1 1.916(de\214ned or if you are on)4.416 F EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-65)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(HPUX.)188.4 96 Q(HASUN)102
112.2 Q 27.59(AME Set)-.35 F 1.148(this if you ha)3.648 F 1.448 -.15
(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(uname)3.648 E F1 1.149
(\(2\) system call \(or corresponding library rou-)B 2.5(tine\). Set)
188.4 124.2 R(by def)2.5 E(ault if SYSTEM5 is set.)-.1 E(HASGETDT)102
140.4 Q(ABLESIZE)-.93 E(Set this if you ha)188.4 152.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)
-.2 H(he).15 E F2 -.1(ge)2.5 G(tdtablesize).1 E F1(\(2\) system call.)A
(HASW)102 168.6 Q 22.89(AITPID Set)-1.2 F(this if you ha)2.5 E .3 -.15
(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E F2(haswaitpid)2.5 E F1(\(2\) system call.)A 37.22
(SFS_TYPE The)102 184.8 R .517
(mechanism that can be used to get \214le system capacity information.)
3.017 F(The)5.516 E -.25(va)188.4 196.8 S .214
(lues can be one of SFS_UST).25 F 2.435 -1.11(AT \()-.93 H .215
(use the ustat\(2\) syscall\), SFS_4ARGS \(use)1.11 F .415(the four ar)
188.4 208.8 R .415(gument statfs\(2\) syscall\), SFS_VFS \(use the tw)
-.18 F 2.915(oa)-.1 G -.18(rg)-2.915 G .415(ument statfs\(2\)).18 F .716
(syscall including <sys/vfs.h>\), SFS_MOUNT \(use the tw)188.4 220.8 R
3.217(oa)-.1 G -.18(rg)-3.217 G .717(ument statfs\(2\)).18 F 4.32
(syscall including <sys/mount.h>\), SFS_ST)188.4 232.8 R -1.11(AT)-.93 G
4.32(FS \(use the tw)1.11 F 6.82(oa)-.1 G -.18(rg)-6.82 G(ument).18 E
1.108(statfs\(2\) syscall including <sys/statfs.h>\), SFS_ST)188.4 244.8
R -1.11(AT)-.93 G 1.109(VFS \(use the tw)1.11 F 3.609(oa)-.1 G -.18(rg)
-3.609 G(u-).18 E 1.511(ment statfs\(2\) syscall including <sys/statvfs.h>\), or SFS_NONE \(no w)
188.4 256.8 R 1.511(ay to)-.1 F(get this information\).)188.4 268.8 Q
40.57(LA_TYPE The)102 285 R(load a)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(rage type.).15 E
(Details are described belo)5 E -.65(w.)-.25 G .342(The are se)102 301.2
R -.15(ve)-.25 G .342(ral b).15 F .342(uilt-in w)-.2 F .342
(ays of computing the load a)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.2 G(rage.).15 E F2
(Sendmail)5.342 E F1 .343(tries to auto-con\214gure them)2.842 F .267
(based on imperfect guesses; you can select one using the)102 313.2 R F2
(cc)2.766 E F1(option)2.766 E F0(\255DLA_TYPE=)2.766 E F2(type)A F1
2.766(,w)C(here)-2.766 E F2(type)2.766 E F1(is:)102 325.2 Q 48.91
(LA_INT The)102 341.4 R -.1(ke)3.452 G .952(rnel stores the load a).1 F
-.15(ve)-.2 G .952(rage in the k).15 F .952
(ernel as an array of long inte)-.1 F(gers.)-.15 E(The actual v)188.4
353.4 Q(alues are scaled by a f)-.25 E(actor FSCALE \(def)-.1 E
(ault 256\).)-.1 E(LA_SHOR)102 369.6 Q 35.89(TT)-.6 G .794(he k)-35.89 F
.794(ernel stores the load a)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .794(rage in the k).15
F .793(ernel as an array of short inte)-.1 F(gers.)-.15 E(The actual v)
188.4 381.6 Q(alues are scaled by a f)-.25 E(actor FSCALE \(def)-.1 E
(ault 256\).)-.1 E(LA_FLO)102 397.8 Q 37.03 -1.11(AT T)-.35 H .088(he k)
1.11 F .088(ernel stores the load a)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .089
(rage in the k).15 F .089(ernel as an array of double precision)-.1 F
(\215oats.)188.4 409.8 Q(LA_MA)102 426 Q 35.97(CH Use)-.4 F(MA)2.5 E
(CH-style load a)-.4 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(rages.).15 E 39.45(LA_SUBR Call)102
442.2 R(the)2.5 E F2 -.1(ge)2.5 G(tloadavg).1 E F1
(routine to get the load a)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.2 G
(rage as an array of doubles.).15 E(LA_ZER)102 458.4 Q 42.36(OA)-.4 G
-.1(lwa)-42.36 G(ys return zero as the load a).1 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5
(rage. This).15 F(is the f)2.5 E(allback case.)-.1 E .494(If type)102
474.6 R/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(LA_INT)2.994 E F1(,)A F3(LA_SHOR)2.994 E
(T)-.54 E F1 2.994(,o)C(r)-2.994 E F3(LA_FLO)2.993 E -.999(AT)-.315 G F1
.493(is speci\214ed, you may also need to specify)3.992 F F3(_P)2.993 E
-.999(AT)-.828 G(H_UNIX).999 E F1 .948
(\(the path to your system binary\) and)102 486.6 R F3(LA_A)3.448 E
(VENR)-1.215 E(UN)-.36 E F1 .949(\(the name of the v)3.448 F .949
(ariable containing the load)-.25 F -2.25 -.2(av e)102 498.6 T
(rage in the k).2 E(ernel; usually \231_a)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.2 G
(nrun\232 or \231a).15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(nrun\232\).).15 E F0 2.5
(6.3. Con\214guration)87 522.6 R(in sr)2.5 E(c/conf)-.18 E(.c)-.15 E F1
(The follo)127 538.8 Q(wing changes can be made in conf.c.)-.25 E F0 2.5
(6.3.1. Built-in)102 562.8 R(Header Semantics)2.5 E F1 1.248
(Not all header semantics are de\214ned in the con\214guration \214le.)
142 579 R 1.247(Header lines that should)6.247 F .305(only be included by certain mailers \(as well as other more obscure semantics\) must be speci\214ed)
117 591 R .047(in the)117 603 R F2(HdrInfo)2.547 E F1 .047(table in)
2.547 F F2(conf)2.547 E(.c)-.15 E F1 5.047(.T)C .046
(his table contains the header name \(which should be in all lo)-5.047 F
(wer)-.25 E(case\) and a set of header control \215ags \(described belo)
117 615 Q(w\), The \215ags are:)-.25 E(H_A)117 631.2 Q 30.97
(CHECK Normally)-.4 F .007
(when the check is made to see if a header line is compatible with)2.507
F 2.941(am)203.4 643.2 S(ailer)-2.941 E(,)-.4 E F2(sendmail)2.941 E F1
.441(will not delete an e)2.941 F .441(xisting line.)-.15 F .44
(If this \215ag is set,)5.441 F F2(send-)2.94 E(mail)203.4 655.2 Q F1
.152(will delete e)2.652 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.652(ne).15 G .152
(xisting header lines.)-2.802 F .152
(That is, if this bit is set and the)5.152 F 1.425(mailer does not ha)
203.4 667.2 R 1.725 -.15(ve \215)-.2 H 1.425
(ag bits set that intersect with the required mailer).15 F 2.204
(\215ags in the header de\214nition in sendmail.cf, the header line is)
203.4 679.2 R F2(always)4.704 E F1(deleted.)203.4 691.2 Q 51.13
(H_EOH If)117 707.4 R .206(this header \214eld is set, treat it lik)
2.706 F 2.706(eab)-.1 G .206(lank line, i.e., it will signal the end)
-2.706 F(of the header and the be)203.4 719.4 Q
(ginning of the message te)-.15 E(xt.)-.15 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-66 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 39.45
(H_FORCE Add)117 96 R 2.038(this header entry e)4.538 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
4.538(ni).15 G 4.538(fo)-4.538 G 2.038(ne e)-4.538 F 2.039
(xisted in the message before.)-.15 F 2.039(If a)7.039 F 2.189
(header entry does not ha)203.4 108 R 2.488 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.188
(his bit set,).15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)4.688 E F1 2.188
(will not add another)4.688 F .62
(header line if a header line of this name already e)203.4 120 R 3.12
(xisted. This)-.15 F -.1(wo)3.12 G .62(uld nor).1 F(-)-.2 E
(mally be used to stamp the message by e)203.4 132 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ryone who handled it.).15 E(H_TRA)117 148.2 Q 39.3(CE If)-.4 F 1.044
(set, this is a timestamp \(trace\) \214eld.)3.544 F 1.043
(If the number of trace \214elds in a)6.043 F .705(message e)203.4 160.2
R .705(xceeds a preset amount the message is returned on the assump-)
-.15 F(tion that it has an aliasing loop.)203.4 172.2 Q 46.67(H_RCPT If)
117 188.4 R .332(set, this \214eld contains recipient addresses.)2.833 F
.332(This is used by the)5.332 F F0<ad74>2.832 E F1 .332(\215ag to)2.832
F 1.349(determine who to send to when it is collecting recipients from the mes-)
203.4 200.4 R(sage.)203.4 212.4 Q(H_FR)117 228.6 Q 43.74(OM This)-.4 F
1.673(\215ag indicates that this \214eld speci\214es a sender)4.174 F
6.673(.T)-.55 G 1.673(he order of these)-6.673 F .898(\214elds in the)
203.4 240.6 R F2(HdrInfo)3.398 E F1 .898(table speci\214es)3.398 F F2
(sendmail)3.398 E F1 1.998 -.55('s p)D .898(reference for which \214eld)
.55 F(to return error messages to.)203.4 252.6 Q(H_ERR)117 268.8 Q(ORST)
-.4 E 22.53(OA)-.18 G(ddresses in this header should recei)-22.53 E .3
-.15(ve e)-.25 H(rror messages.).15 E 52.79(H_CTE This)117 285 R
(header is a Content-T)2.5 E(ransfer)-.35 E(-Encoding header)-.2 E(.)
-.55 E 40.01(H_CTYPE This)117 301.2 R(header is a Content-T)2.5 E
(ype header)-.8 E(.)-.55 E(H_STRIPV)117 317.4 Q 25.25(AL Strip)-1.35 F
(the v)2.5 E(alue from the header \(for Bcc:\).)-.25 E(Let')117 333.6 Q
2.5(sl)-.55 G(ook at a sample)-2.5 E F2(HdrInfo)2.5 E F1
(speci\214cation:)2.5 E(struct hdrinfo)157 349.8 Q(HdrInfo[] =)84.6 E({)
157 361.8 Q(/* originator \214elds, most to least signi\214cant)189.5
373.8 Q(*/)5 E 52.29("resent-sender", H_FR)177 385.8 R(OM,)-.4 E 58.95
("resent-from", H_FR)177 397.8 R(OM,)-.4 E 79.5("sender", H_FR)177 409.8
R(OM,)-.4 E 86.16("from", H_FR)177 421.8 R(OM,)-.4 E 66.72
("full-name", H_A)177 433.8 R(CHECK,)-.4 E 71.17("errors-to", H_FR)177
445.8 R -1.667(OM | H_ERR)-.4 F(ORST)-.4 E(O,)-.18 E
(/* destination \214elds */)189.5 457.8 Q 97.82("to", H_RCPT)177 469.8 R
(,)-.74 E 70.61("resent-to", H_RCPT)177 481.8 R(,)-.74 E 96.72
("cc", H_RCPT)177 493.8 R(,)-.74 E 91.72("bcc", H_RCPT)177 505.8 R .833
(|H).833 G(_STRIPV)-.833 E(AL,)-1.35 E
(/* message identi\214cation and control */)189.5 517.8 Q 71.72
("message", H_EOH,)177 529.8 R("te)177 541.8 Q 90.75(xt", H_EOH,)-.15 F
(/* trace \214elds */)189.5 553.8 Q("recei)177 565.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
72.13(d", H_TRA).15 F -1.667(CE | H_FORCE,)-.4 F
(/* miscellaneous \214elds */)189.5 577.8 Q("content-transfer)177 589.8
Q 2.5(-encoding", H_CTE,)-.2 F 55.61("content-type", H_CTYPE,)177 601.8
R 87.1(NULL, 0,)177 625.8 R(};)157 637.8 Q 2.435
(This structure indicates that the \231T)117 654 R 2.435
(o:\232, \231Resent-T)-.8 F 2.435
(o:\232, and \231Cc:\232 \214elds all specify recipient)-.8 F 3.161
(addresses. An)117 666 R 3.161<7999>-.15 G .662(Full-Name:\232 \214eld will be deleted unless the required mailer \215ag \(indicated in)
-3.161 F .246(the con\214guration \214le\) is speci\214ed.)117 678 R
.245(The \231Message:\232 and \231T)5.246 F -.15(ex)-.7 G .245
(t:\232 \214elds will terminate the header;).15 F 1.936
(these are used by random dissenters around the netw)117 690 R 1.936
(ork w)-.1 F 4.436(orld. The)-.1 F(\231Recei)4.436 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
1.937(d:\232 \214eld will).15 F(al)117 702 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G
(ys be added, and can be used to trace messages.).1 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-67)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .446
(There are a number of important points here.)142 96 R .445
(First, header \214elds are not added automati-)5.446 F .656
(cally just because the)117 108 R 3.156(ya)-.15 G .656(re in the)-3.156
F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(HdrInfo)3.157 E F1 .657(structure; the)3.157 F
3.157(ym)-.15 G .657(ust be speci\214ed in the con\214guration)-3.157 F
.728(\214le in order to be added to the message.)117 120 R(An)5.727 E
3.227(yh)-.15 G .727
(eader \214elds mentioned in the con\214guration \214le)-3.227 F -.2(bu)
117 132 S 3.24(tn).2 G .74(ot mentioned in the)-3.24 F F2(HdrInfo)3.24 E
F1 .74(structure ha)3.24 F 1.04 -.15(ve d)-.2 H(ef).15 E .74
(ault processing performed; that is, the)-.1 F 3.24(ya)-.15 G(re)-3.24 E
1.375(added unless the)117 144 R 3.875(yw)-.15 G 1.375
(ere in the message already)-3.875 F 6.375(.S)-.65 G 1.374(econd, the)
-6.375 F F2(HdrInfo)3.874 E F1 1.374(structure only speci\214es)3.874 F
.324(cliched processing; certain headers are processed specially by ad hoc code re)
117 156 R -.05(ga)-.15 G .325(rdless of the sta-).05 F .481
(tus speci\214ed in)117 168 R F2(HdrInfo)2.981 E F1 5.481(.F)C .481
(or e)-5.631 F .481
(xample, the \231Sender:\232 and \231From:\232 \214elds are al)-.15 F
-.1(wa)-.1 G .48(ys scanned on).1 F(ARP)117 182 Q .751
(ANET mail to determine the sender)-.92 F/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(26)-4 I
F1 3.251(;t)4 K .75
(his is used to perform the \231return to sender\232 func-)-3.251 F
2.976(tion. The)117 194 R .476(\231From:\232 and \231Full-Name:\232 \214elds are used to determine the full name of the sender if)
2.976 F(possible; this is stored in the macro)117 206 Q F0($x)2.5 E F1
(and used in a number of w)2.5 E(ays.)-.1 E F0 2.5(6.3.2. Restricting)
102 230 R(Use of Email)2.5 E F1 .15
(If it is necessary to restrict mail through a relay)142 246.2 R 2.649
(,t)-.65 G(he)-2.649 E F2 -.15(ch)2.649 G(ec).15 E(kcompat)-.2 E F1 .149
(routine can be modi\214ed.)2.649 F .163(This routine is called for e)
117 258.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .163(ry recipient address.).15 F .163
(It returns an e)5.163 F .163(xit status indicating the status of)-.15 F
.895(the message.)117 270.2 R .895(The status)5.895 F/F4 9/Times-Roman@0
SF(EX_OK)3.395 E F1 .895(accepts the address,)3.395 F F4(EX_TEMPF)3.395
E(AIL)-.666 E F1 .895(queues the message for a)3.395 F .263(later try)
117 282.2 R 2.763(,a)-.65 G .263(nd other v)-2.763 F .264
(alues \(commonly)-.25 F F4(EX_UN)2.764 E -1.215(AVA)-.315 G(ILABLE)
1.215 E F1 2.764(\)r)C .264(eject the message.)-2.764 F .264
(It is up to)5.264 F F2 -.15(ch)2.764 G(ec).15 E(k-)-.2 E(compat)117
294.2 Q F1 .43(to print an error message \(using)2.93 F F2(usr)2.929 E
(err)-.37 E F1 2.929(\)i)C 2.929(ft)-2.929 G .429
(he message is rejected.)-2.929 F -.15(Fo)5.429 G 2.929(re).15 G
(xample,)-3.079 E F2 -.15(ch)2.929 G(ec).15 E(k-)-.2 E(compat)117 306.2
Q F1(could read:)2.5 E F4(int)157 321.2 Q(checkcompat\(to, e\))157 332 Q
(re)175 342.8 Q(gister ADDRESS *to;)-.135 E(re)175 353.6 Q
(gister ENVELOPE *e;)-.135 E({)157 364.4 Q(re)175 375.2 Q(gister ST)
-.135 E(AB *s;)-.837 E 2.25(s=s)175 396.8 S(tab\("pri)-2.25 E -.225(va)
-.225 G(te", ST_MAILER, ST_FIND\);).225 E
(if \(s != NULL && e\255>e_from.q_mailer != LocalMailer &&)175 407.6 Q
(to->q_mailer == s->s_mailer\))184 418.4 Q({)175 429.2 Q
(usrerr\("No pri)193 440 Q -.225(va)-.225 G(te net mail allo).225 E
(wed through this machine"\);)-.225 E(return \(EX_UN)193 450.8 Q -1.215
(AVA)-.315 G(ILABLE\);)1.215 E(})175 461.6 Q
(if \(MsgSize > 50000 && bitnset\(M_LOCALMAILER, to\255>q_mailer\)\))175
472.4 Q({)175 483.2 Q(usrerr\("Message too lar)193 494 Q
(ge for non-local deli)-.162 E -.135(ve)-.225 G(ry"\);).135 E
(e\255>e_\215ags |= EF_NORETURN;)193 504.8 Q(return \(EX_UN)193 515.6 Q
-1.215(AVA)-.315 G(ILABLE\);)1.215 E(})175 526.4 Q(return \(EX_OK\);)175
537.2 Q(})157 548 Q F1 .969(This w)117 564.2 R .969
(ould reject messages greater than 50000 bytes unless the)-.1 F 3.469
(yw)-.15 G .97(ere local.)-3.469 F(The)5.97 E F2(EF_NORE-)3.47 E(TURN)
117 576.2 Q F1 .652(\215ag can be set in)3.152 F F2(e)3.152 E/F5 10
/Symbol SF<ae>A F2(e_\215a)A(gs)-.1 E F1 .651
(to suppress the return of the actual body of the message in)3.152 F
.655(the error return.)117 588.2 R .655(The actual use of this routine is highly dependent on the implementation, and)
5.655 F(use should be limited.)117 600.2 Q F0 2.5(6.3.3. New)102 624.2 R
(Database Map Classes)2.5 E F1(Ne)142 640.4 Q 2.876(wk)-.25 G .676 -.15
(ey m)-2.976 H .375(aps can be added by creating a class initialization function and a lookup func-)
.15 F 2.5(tion. These)117 652.4 R(are then added to the routine)2.5 E F2
(setupmaps.)2.5 E .32 LW 76 669.2 72 669.2 DL 80 669.2 76 669.2 DL 84
669.2 80 669.2 DL 88 669.2 84 669.2 DL 92 669.2 88 669.2 DL 96 669.2 92
669.2 DL 100 669.2 96 669.2 DL 104 669.2 100 669.2 DL 108 669.2 104
669.2 DL 112 669.2 108 669.2 DL 116 669.2 112 669.2 DL 120 669.2 116
669.2 DL 124 669.2 120 669.2 DL 128 669.2 124 669.2 DL 132 669.2 128
669.2 DL 136 669.2 132 669.2 DL 140 669.2 136 669.2 DL 144 669.2 140
669.2 DL 148 669.2 144 669.2 DL 152 669.2 148 669.2 DL 156 669.2 152
669.2 DL 160 669.2 156 669.2 DL 164 669.2 160 669.2 DL 168 669.2 164
669.2 DL 172 669.2 168 669.2 DL 176 669.2 172 669.2 DL 180 669.2 176
669.2 DL 184 669.2 180 669.2 DL 188 669.2 184 669.2 DL 192 669.2 188
669.2 DL 196 669.2 192 669.2 DL 200 669.2 196 669.2 DL 204 669.2 200
669.2 DL 208 669.2 204 669.2 DL 212 669.2 208 669.2 DL 216 669.2 212
669.2 DL/F6 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(26)93.6 679.6 Q/F7 8/Times-Roman@0 SF
(Actually)3.2 I 2.631(,t)-.52 G .631
(his is no longer true in SMTP; this information is contained in the en)
-2.631 F -.12(ve)-.32 G 2.632(lope. The).12 F .632(older ARP)2.632 F
.632(ANET protocols did)-.736 F(not completely distinguish en)72 692.4 Q
-.12(ve)-.32 G(lope from header).12 E(.)-.44 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-68 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(The initialization function is called as)142 96 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0
SF(xxx)157 112.2 Q F1(_map_init\(MAP *map, char *ar)A(gs\))-.18 E(The)
117 128.4 Q F2(map)3.279 E F1 .779(is an internal data structure.)3.279
F(The)5.779 E F2(ar)3.279 E(gs)-.37 E F1 .78
(is a pointer to the portion of the con\214guration)3.279 F .397
(\214le line follo)117 140.4 R .396
(wing the map class name; \215ags and \214lenames can be e)-.25 F .396
(xtracted from this line.)-.15 F(The)5.396 E
(initialization function must return)117 152.4 Q/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF
(TR)2.5 E(UE)-.36 E F1(if it successfully opened the map,)2.5 E F3 -.666
(FA)2.5 G(LSE).666 E F1(otherwise.)2.5 E
(The lookup function is called as)142 168.6 Q F2(xxx)157 184.8 Q F1
(_map_lookup\(MAP *map, char b)A(uf[], char **a)-.2 E 1.3 -.65(v, i)-.2
H(nt *statp\)).65 E(The)117 201 Q F2(map)2.772 E F1 .272
(de\214nes the map internally)2.772 F 5.273(.T)-.65 G(he)-5.273 E F2 -.2
(bu)2.773 G(f).2 E F1 .273(has the input k)2.773 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 5.273
(.T)-.5 G .273(his may be \(and often is\) used)-5.273 F(destructi)117
213 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.152(.T)-.65 G(he)-5.152 E F2(av)2.652 E
F1 .151(is a list of ar)2.652 F .151(guments passed in from the re)-.18
F .151(write line.)-.25 F .151(The lookup function)5.151 F .322
(should return a pointer to the ne)117 225 R 2.822(wv)-.25 G 2.822
(alue. If)-3.072 F .322(the map lookup f)2.822 F(ails,)-.1 E F2(*statp)
2.822 E F1 .322(should be set to an e)2.822 F(xit)-.15 E .302
(status code; in particular)117 237 R 2.802(,i)-.4 G 2.802(ts)-2.802 G
.302(hould be set to)-2.802 F F3(EX_TEMPF)2.802 E(AIL)-.666 E F1 .302
(if reco)2.802 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .301(ry is to be attempted by the).15 F
(higher le)117 249 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(lc).15 G(ode.)-2.5 E F0 2.5
(6.3.4. Queueing)102 273 R(Function)2.5 E F1 .782(The routine)142 289.2
R F2(shouldqueue)3.282 E F1 .783
(is called to decide if a message should be queued or processed)3.283 F
(immediately)117 301.2 Q 6.619(.T)-.65 G 1.618
(ypically this compares the message priority to the current load a)
-7.419 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 4.118(rage. The).15 F(def)117 313.2 Q
(ault de\214nition is:)-.1 E(bool)157 329.4 Q(shouldqueue\(pri, ctime\))
157 341.4 Q(long pri;)175 353.4 Q(time_t ctime;)175 365.4 Q({)157 377.4
Q(if \(CurrentLA < QueueLA\))175 389.4 Q(return \(F)193 401.4 Q(ALSE\);)
-.74 E(return \(pri > \(QueueF)175 413.4 Q
(actor / \(CurrentLA \255 QueueLA + 1\)\)\);)-.15 E(})157 425.4 Q 2.062
(If the current load a)117 441.6 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.062(rage \(global v)
.15 F(ariable)-.25 E F2(Curr)4.562 E(entLA)-.37 E F1 4.562(,w)C 2.062
(hich is set before this function is)-4.562 F 1.058
(called\) is less than the lo)117 453.6 R 3.558(wt)-.25 G 1.058
(hreshold load a)-3.558 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.058(rage \(option).15 F F0(x)
3.557 E F1 3.557(,v)C(ariable)-3.807 E F2(QueueLA)3.557 E F1(\),)A F2
(shouldqueue)3.557 E F1(returns)117 465.6 Q F3 -.666(FA)2.586 G(LSE).666
E F1 .086(immediately \(that is, it should)2.586 F F2(not)2.586 E F1
2.586(queue\). If)2.586 F .086(the current load a)2.586 F -.15(ve)-.2 G
.087(rage e).15 F .087(xceeds the)-.15 F .588(high threshold load a)117
477.6 R -.15(ve)-.2 G .588(rage \(option).15 F F0(X)3.087 E F1 3.087(,v)
C(ariable)-3.337 E F2(RefuseLA)3.087 E F1(\),)A F2(shouldqueue)3.087 E
F1(returns)3.087 E F3(TR)3.087 E(UE)-.36 E F1(immedi-)3.087 E(ately)117
489.6 Q 7.125(.O)-.65 G 2.125
(therwise, it computes the function based on the message priority)-7.125
F 4.626(,t)-.65 G 2.126(he queue f)-4.626 F(actor)-.1 E(\(option)117
501.6 Q F0(q)2.5 E F1 2.5(,g)C(lobal v)-2.5 E(ariable)-.25 E F2(QueueF)
2.5 E(actor)-.75 E F1(\), and the current and threshold load a)A -.15
(ve)-.2 G(rages.).15 E 1.067(An implementation wishing to tak)142 517.8
R 3.567(et)-.1 G 1.066
(he actual age of the message into account can also)-3.567 F 1.41
(use the)117 529.8 R F2(ctime)3.91 E F1(parameter)3.91 E 3.91(,w)-.4 G
1.41(hich is the time that the message w)-3.91 F 1.41
(as \214rst submitted to)-.1 F F2(sendmail)3.91 E F1(.)A .929
(Note that the)117 541.8 R F2(pri)3.428 E F1 .928(parameter is already weighted by the number of times the message has been)
3.428 F .395(tried \(although this tends to lo)117 553.8 R .395
(wer the priority of the message with time\); the e)-.25 F .395
(xpectation is that)-.15 F(the)117 565.8 Q F2(ctime)2.674 E F1 -.1(wo)
2.674 G .174
(uld be used as an \231escape clause\232 to ensure that messages are e)
.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .174(ntually processed.).15 F F0 2.5
(6.3.5. Refusing)102 589.8 R(Incoming SMTP Connections)2.5 E F1 1.148
(The function)142 606 R F2 -.37(re)3.648 G(fuseconnections).37 E F1
(returns)3.648 E F3(TR)3.648 E(UE)-.36 E F1 1.148
(if incoming SMTP connections should be)3.648 F 3.564(refused. The)117
618 R 1.063(current implementation is based e)3.563 F(xclusi)-.15 E -.15
(ve)-.25 G 1.063(ly on the current load a).15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.063
(rage and the).15 F(refuse load a)117 630 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G
(rage option \(option).15 E F0(X)2.5 E F1 2.5(,g)C(lobal v)-2.5 E
(ariable)-.25 E F2(RefuseLA)2.5 E F1(\):)A(bool)157 646.2 Q
(refuseconnections\(\))157 658.2 Q({)157 670.2 Q
(return \(CurrentLA >= RefuseLA\);)175 682.2 Q(})157 694.2 Q 2.5(Am)117
710.4 S(ore cle)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G
(mplementation could look at more system resources.)-2.5 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-69)195.86 E 2.5(6.3.6. Load)102 96 R -.6 -1(Av e)2.5 H
(rage Computation)1 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .243(The routine)142 112.2
R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.1(ge)2.743 G(tla).1 E F1 .243
(returns the current load a)2.743 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .243
(rage \(as a rounded inte).15 F 2.743(ger\). The)-.15 F(distrib)2.744 E
(ution)-.2 E 1.157(includes se)117 124.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.157
(ral possible implementations.).15 F 1.157(If you are porting to a ne)
6.157 F 3.657(we)-.25 G -.4(nv)-3.657 G 1.157(ironment you may).4 F
(need to add some ne)117 138.2 Q 2.5(wt)-.25 G(weaks.)-2.5 E/F3 7
/Times-Roman@0 SF(27)-4 I F0 2.5(6.4. Con\214guration)87 162.2 R(in sr)
2.5 E(c/daemon.c)-.18 E F1 .4(The \214le)127 178.4 R F2(sr)2.9 E
(c/daemon.c)-.37 E F1 .4
(contains a number of routines that are dependent on the local netw)2.9
F(ork-)-.1 E(ing en)102 190.4 Q 2.5(vironment. The)-.4 F -.15(ve)2.5 G
(rsion supplied assumes you ha).15 E .3 -.15(ve B)-.2 H(SD style sock)
.15 E(ets.)-.1 E 2.16(In pre)127 206.6 R 2.16
(vious releases, we recommended that you modify the routine)-.25 F F2
(maphostname)4.66 E F1 2.16(if you)4.66 F -.1(wa)102 218.6 S 1.918
(nted to generalize).1 F F0($[)4.418 E F1(...)4.418 E F0($])4.418 E F1
4.418(lookups. W)4.418 F 4.418(en)-.8 G 2.418 -.25(ow r)-4.418 H 1.918
(ecommend that you create a ne).25 F 4.419(wk)-.25 G -.15(ey)-4.519 G
1.919(ed map).15 F(instead.)102 230.6 Q F0 2.5(7. A)72 254.6 R(CKNO)-.55
E(WLEDGEMENTS)-.5 E F1(I')112 270.8 Q 2.037 -.15(ve w)-.5 H(ork).05 E
1.737(ed on)-.1 F F2(sendmail)4.237 E F1 1.737(for man)4.237 F 4.237(yy)
-.15 G 1.737(ears, and man)-4.237 F 4.237(ye)-.15 G(mplo)-4.237 E 1.737
(yers ha)-.1 F 2.037 -.15(ve b)-.2 H 1.737(een remarkably patient).15 F
.403(about letting me w)87 282.8 R .403(ork on a lar)-.1 F .403
(ge project that w)-.18 F .404(as not part of my of)-.1 F .404
(\214cial job)-.25 F 5.404(.T)-.4 G .404(his includes time on the)-5.404
F .282(INGRES Project at the Uni)87 294.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .282
(rsity of California at Berk).15 F(ele)-.1 E 1.582 -.65(y, a)-.15 H
2.782(tB).65 G .282(ritton Lee, and ag)-2.782 F .281(ain on the Mammoth)
-.05 F(and T)87 306.8 Q(itan Projects at Berk)-.35 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)
-.15 G .789(Much of the second w)112 323 R -2.25 -.2(av e)-.1 H .789
(of impro)3.489 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .789(ments resulting in v).15 F .79
(ersion 8.1 should be credited to Bryan)-.15 F .545
(Costales of the International Computer Science Institute.)87 335 R .545
(As he passed me drafts of his book on)5.545 F F2(send-)3.045 E(mail)87
347 Q F1 2.5(Iw)2.5 G(as inspired to start w)-2.6 E(orking on things ag)
-.1 E 2.5(ain. Bryan)-.05 F -.1(wa)2.5 G 2.5(sa).1 G(lso a)-2.5 E -.25
(va)-.2 G(ilable to bounce ideas of).25 E 2.5(fo)-.25 G(f.)-2.5 E(Gre)
112 363.2 Q .667(gory Neil Shapiro of W)-.15 F .668
(orchester Polytechnic Institute has become instrumental in all phases)
-.8 F(of)87 375.2 Q F2(sendmail)3.1 E F1 .6(support and de)3.1 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G .6(lopment, and w).15 F .599(as lar)-.1 F .599
(gely responsible for getting v)-.18 F .599(ersions 8.8 and 8.9 out)-.15
F(the door)87 387.2 Q(.)-.55 E(Man)112 403.4 Q 2.856 -.65(y, m)-.15 H
(an).65 E 4.056(yp)-.15 G 1.556(eople contrib)-4.056 F 1.556
(uted chunks of code and ideas to)-.2 F F2(sendmail)4.056 E F1 6.556(.I)
C 4.056(th)-6.556 G 1.557(as pro)-4.056 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 4.057(nt).15 G
4.057(ob)-4.057 G 4.057(ea)-4.057 G .464(group netw)87 415.4 R .464
(ork ef)-.1 F 2.964(fort. V)-.25 F .464(ersion 8 in particular w)-1.11 F
.463(as a group project.)-.1 F .463(The follo)5.463 F .463
(wing people made notable)-.25 F(contrib)87 427.4 Q(utions:)-.2 E
(John Beck, He)127 443.6 Q(wlett-P)-.25 E(ackard & Sun Microsystems)-.15
E -.25(Ke)127 455.6 S(ith Bostic, CSRG, Uni).25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
(rsity of California, Berk).15 E(ele)-.1 E(y)-.15 E(Andre)127 467.6 Q
2.5(wC)-.25 G(heng, Sun Microsystems)-2.5 E(Michael J. Corrig)127 479.6
Q(an, Uni)-.05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsity of California, San Die).15 E(go)
-.15 E
(Bryan Costales, International Computer Science Institute & InfoBeat)127
491.6 Q -.15(Pa)127 503.6 S -.5(..)-4.402 -6 O 2.5(r\().552 6 O
(Pell\) Emanuelsson)-2.5 E(Craig Ev)127 515.6 Q(erhart, T)-.15 E
(ransarc Corporation)-.35 E(Per Hedeland, Ericsson)127 527.6 Q -.8(To)
127 539.6 S 2.5(mI).8 G -.25(va)-2.5 G 2.5(rH).25 G(elbekkmo, Norwe)-2.5
E(gian School of Economics)-.15 E
(Kari Hurtta, Finnish Meteorological Institute)127 551.6 Q
(Allan E. Johannesen, WPI)127 563.6 Q(Jonathan Kamens, OpenV)127 575.6 Q
(ision T)-.6 E(echnologies, Inc.)-.7 E -.8(Ta)127 587.6 S
(kahiro Kanbe, Fuji Xerox Information Systems Co., Ltd.).8 E
(Brian Kantor)127 599.6 Q 2.5(,U)-.4 G(ni)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
(rsity of California, San Die).15 E(go)-.15 E(John K)127 611.6 Q(ennedy)
-.25 E 2.5(,C)-.65 G(al State Uni)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsity).15 E 2.5
(,C)-.65 G(hico)-2.5 E(Murray S. K)127 623.6 Q(uchera)-.15 E(wy)-.15 E
2.5(,H)-.65 G(ookUp Communication Corp.)-2.5 E(Bruce Lilly)127 635.6 Q
2.5(,S)-.65 G(on)-2.5 E 2.5(yU)-.15 G(.S.)-2.5 E(Karl London)127 647.6 Q
(Motonori Nakamura, Ritsumeikan Uni)127 659.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(rsity & K).15 E(yoto Uni)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsity).15 E
(John Gardiner Myers, Carne)127 671.6 Q(gie Mellon Uni)-.15 E -.15(ve)
-.25 G(rsity).15 E .32 LW 76 681.2 72 681.2 DL 80 681.2 76 681.2 DL 84
681.2 80 681.2 DL 88 681.2 84 681.2 DL 92 681.2 88 681.2 DL 96 681.2 92
681.2 DL 100 681.2 96 681.2 DL 104 681.2 100 681.2 DL 108 681.2 104
681.2 DL 112 681.2 108 681.2 DL 116 681.2 112 681.2 DL 120 681.2 116
681.2 DL 124 681.2 120 681.2 DL 128 681.2 124 681.2 DL 132 681.2 128
681.2 DL 136 681.2 132 681.2 DL 140 681.2 136 681.2 DL 144 681.2 140
681.2 DL 148 681.2 144 681.2 DL 152 681.2 148 681.2 DL 156 681.2 152
681.2 DL 160 681.2 156 681.2 DL 164 681.2 160 681.2 DL 168 681.2 164
681.2 DL 172 681.2 168 681.2 DL 176 681.2 172 681.2 DL 180 681.2 176
681.2 DL 184 681.2 180 681.2 DL 188 681.2 184 681.2 DL 192 681.2 188
681.2 DL 196 681.2 192 681.2 DL 200 681.2 196 681.2 DL 204 681.2 200
681.2 DL 208 681.2 204 681.2 DL 212 681.2 208 681.2 DL 216 681.2 212
681.2 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(27)93.6 691.6 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF
(If you do, please send updates to sendmail@Sendmail.ORG.)3.2 I EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-70 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(Neil Rick)127 96 Q(ert, Northern Illinois Uni)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
(rsity).15 E(Gre)127 108 Q(gory Neil Shapiro, WPI)-.15 E
(Eric Schnoebelen, Con)127 120 Q .3 -.15(vex C)-.4 H(omputer Corp.).15 E
(Eric W)127 132 Q(assenaar)-.8 E 2.5(,N)-.4 G
(ational Institute for Nuclear and High Ener)-2.5 E(gy Ph)-.18 E
(ysics, Amsterdam)-.05 E(Randall W)127 144 Q(inchester)-.4 E 2.5(,U)-.4
G(ni)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsity of Maryland).15 E(Christophe W)127 156
Q(olfhugel, P)-.8 E(asteur Institute & Herv)-.15 E 2.5(eS)-.15 G
(chauer Consultants \(P)-2.5 E(aris\))-.15 E 3.219(Ia)87 172.2 S .719
(pologize for an)-3.219 F .719(yone I ha)-.15 F 1.019 -.15(ve o)-.2 H
.719(mitted, misspelled, misattrib).15 F .719
(uted, or otherwise missed.)-.2 F .72(At this point, I)5.72 F 1.093
(suspect that at least a hundred people ha)87 184.2 R 1.393 -.15(ve c)
-.2 H(ontrib).15 E 1.093(uted code, and man)-.2 F 3.592(ym)-.15 G 1.092
(ore ha)-3.592 F 1.392 -.15(ve c)-.2 H(ontrib).15 E 1.092(uted ideas,)
-.2 F 1.533(comments, and encouragement.)87 196.2 R(I')6.534 E 1.834
-.15(ve t)-.5 H 1.534(ried to list them in the RELEASE_NO).15 F 1.534
(TES in the distrib)-.4 F(ution)-.2 E(directory)87 208.2 Q 5(.I)-.65 G
(appreciate their contrib)-2.5 E(ution as well.)-.2 E .743
(Special thanks are reserv)112 224.4 R .743(ed for Michael Corrig)-.15 F
.742(an and Christophe W)-.05 F .742(olfhugel, who besides being)-.8 F
-.1(wo)87 236.4 S 2.1(nderful guinea pigs and contrib).1 F 2.1(utors ha)
-.2 F 2.4 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 2.1(lso consented to be added to the `).15 F
(`sendmail@Send-)-.74 E(mail.ORG')87 248.4 Q 3.611('l)-.74 G 1.111
(ist and, by answering the b)-3.611 F 1.111
(ulk of the questions sent to that list, ha)-.2 F 1.41 -.15(ve f)-.2 H
1.11(reed me up to do).15 F(other w)87 260.4 Q(ork.)-.1 E EP
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/F0 12/Times-Bold@0 SF 3(APPENDIX A)257.172 98.4 R(COMMAND LINE FLA)
224.832 141.6 Q(GS)-.66 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(Ar)97 201 Q
(guments must be presented with \215ags before addresses.)-.18 E
(The \215ags are:)5 E<ad62>72 217.2 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(x)A F1
(Set operation mode to)56.92 E F2(x)2.5 E F1 5(.O)C(peration modes are:)
-5 E 12.22(mD)184 233.4 S(eli)-12.22 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rm).15 G
(ail \(def)-2.5 E(ault\))-.1 E 16.11(sS)184 245.4 S
(peak SMTP on input side)-16.11 E 8.06(a\207 `)184 257.4 R -.8(`A)-.74 G
(rpanet').8 E 2.5('m)-.74 G(ode \(get en)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.4 G
(lope sender information from header\)).15 E 15(dR)184 269.4 S
(un as a daemon in background)-15 E 12.78(DR)184 281.4 S
(un as a daemon in fore)-12.78 E(ground)-.15 E 17.22(tR)184 293.4 S
(un in test mode)-17.22 E 15(vJ)184 305.4 S(ust v)-15 E
(erify addresses, don')-.15 E 2.5(tc)-.18 G(ollect or deli)-2.5 E -.15
(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E 17.22(iI)184 317.4 S(nitialize the alias database)
-17.22 E 15(pP)184 329.4 S(rint the mail queue)-15 E<ad42>72 349.8 Q F2
(type)A F1(Indicate body type.)43.03 E<ad43>72 366 Q F2(\214le)A F1 .946
(Use a dif)47.47 F .946(ferent con\214guration \214le.)-.25 F F2
(Sendmail)5.946 E F1 .946(runs as the in)3.446 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .946
(king user \(rather than root\)).2 F(when this \215ag is speci\214ed.)
144 378 Q<ad64>72 394.2 Q F2(le)A(vel)-.15 E F1(Set deb)42.63 E
(ugging le)-.2 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(l.).15 E<ad66>72 410.4 Q F2(addr)2.5 E
F1(The sender')41.64 E 2.5(sm)-.55 G(achine address is)-2.5 E F2(addr)
2.5 E F1(.)A<ad46>72 426.6 Q F2(name)2.5 E F1
(Sets the full name of this user to)36.64 E F2(name)2.5 E F1(.)A<ad68>72
442.8 Q F2(cnt)2.5 E F1 .726(Sets the \231hop count\232 to)46.64 F F2
(cnt)3.226 E F1 5.725(.T)C .725
(his represents the number of times this message has been)-5.725 F .02
(processed by)144 454.8 R F2(sendmail)2.52 E F1 .02(\(to the e)2.52 F
.02(xtent that it is supported by the underlying netw)-.15 F(orks\).)-.1
E F2(Cnt)5.02 E F1 1.521(is incremented during processing, and if it reaches MAXHOP \(currently 30\))
144 466.8 R F2(sendmail)4.02 E F1(thro)144 478.8 Q(ws a)-.25 E -.1(wa)
-.15 G 2.5(yt).1 G(he message with an error)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E 58.86
(\255n Don')72 495 R 2.5(td)-.18 G 2.5(oa)-2.5 G(liasing or forw)-2.5 E
(arding.)-.1 E<ad4e>72 511.2 Q F2(noti\214cations)2.5 E F1 -.8(Ta)7.19 G
3.127(ga).8 G .627(ll addresses being sent as w)-3.127 F .628
(anting the indicated)-.1 F F2(noti\214cations)3.128 E F1 3.128(,w)C
.628(hich consists of the)-3.128 F -.1(wo)144 523.2 S .474
(rd \231NEVER\232 or a comma-separated list of \231SUCCESS\232, \231F).1
F .474(AILURE\232, and \231DELA)-.74 F<599a>-1.05 E .86
(for successful deli)144 535.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E 3.36(,f)-.65 G
.86(ailure, and a message that is stuck in a queue some)-3.46 F 3.36
(where. The)-.25 F(def)144 547.2 Q(ault is \231F)-.1 E(AILURE,DELA)-.74
E(Y\232.)-1.05 E<ad72>72 563.4 Q F2(addr)2.5 E F1(An obsolete form of)
41.64 E/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad66>2.5 E F1(.)A<ad6f>72 579.6 Q F2 1.666
(xv)C(alue)-1.666 E F1(Set option)33.594 E F2(x)2.5 E F1
(to the speci\214ed)2.5 E F2(value)2.5 E F1 5(.T)C
(hese options are described in Section 5.6.)-5 E<ad4f>72 595.8 Q F2
(option)A F3(=)A F2(value)A F1(Set)6.22 E F2(option)5.174 E F1 2.674
(to the speci\214ed)5.174 F F2(value)5.174 E F1 2.674
(\(for long form option names\).)5.174 F 2.673(These options are)7.674 F
(described in Section 5.6.)144 607.8 Q<ad4d>72 624 Q F2 1.666(xv)C
27.204(alue Set)-1.666 F(macr)2.5 E 2.5(oxt)-.45 G 2.5(ot)-2.5 G
(he speci\214ed value)-2.5 E(.)-.15 E F1<ad70>72 640.2 Q F2(pr)A(otocol)
-.45 E F1 .4(Set the sending protocol.)27.92 F .401
(Programs are encouraged to set this.)5.4 F .401
(The protocol \214eld can be)5.401 F .115(in the form)144 652.2 R F2(pr)
2.615 E(otocol)-.45 E F3(:)A F2(host)A F1 .114
(to set both the sending protocol and sending host.)2.615 F -.15(Fo)
5.114 G 2.614(re).15 G(xample,)-2.764 E 2.147(\231\255pUUCP:uunet\232 sets the sending protocol to UUCP and the sending host to uunet.)
144 664.2 R .974(\(Some e)144 676.2 R .974
(xisting programs use \255oM to set the r and s macros; this is equi)
-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .973(lent to using).25 F .32 LW 76 685.8 72 685.8
DL 80 685.8 76 685.8 DL 84 685.8 80 685.8 DL 88 685.8 84 685.8 DL 92
685.8 88 685.8 DL 96 685.8 92 685.8 DL 100 685.8 96 685.8 DL 104 685.8
100 685.8 DL 108 685.8 104 685.8 DL 112 685.8 108 685.8 DL 116 685.8 112
685.8 DL 120 685.8 116 685.8 DL 124 685.8 120 685.8 DL 128 685.8 124
685.8 DL 132 685.8 128 685.8 DL 136 685.8 132 685.8 DL 140 685.8 136
685.8 DL 144 685.8 140 685.8 DL 148 685.8 144 685.8 DL 152 685.8 148
685.8 DL 156 685.8 152 685.8 DL 160 685.8 156 685.8 DL 164 685.8 160
685.8 DL 168 685.8 164 685.8 DL 172 685.8 168 685.8 DL 176 685.8 172
685.8 DL 180 685.8 176 685.8 DL 184 685.8 180 685.8 DL 188 685.8 184
685.8 DL 192 685.8 188 685.8 DL 196 685.8 192 685.8 DL 200 685.8 196
685.8 DL 204 685.8 200 685.8 DL 208 685.8 204 685.8 DL 212 685.8 208
685.8 DL 216 685.8 212 685.8 DL/F4 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(\207Deprecated.)
93.6 697.8 Q F3(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 756 Q
(SMM:08-71)195.86 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-72 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(\255p.\))
144 96 Q<ad71>72 112.2 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(time)A F1 -.35(Tr)44.14
G 3.167(yt).35 G 3.167(op)-3.167 G .667(rocess the queued up mail.)
-3.167 F .667(If the time is gi)5.667 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .667(n, a).15 F
F2(sendmail)3.167 E F1 .667(will run through the)3.167 F
(queue at the speci\214ed interv)144 124.2 Q(al to deli)-.25 E -.15(ve)
-.25 G 2.5(rq).15 G(ueued mail; otherwise, it only runs once.)-2.5 E
<ad71>72 140.4 Q F2(Xstring)A F1 .313
(Run the queue once, limiting the jobs to those matching)31.91 F F2
(Xstring)2.812 E F1 5.312(.T)C .312(he k)-5.312 F .612 -.15(ey l)-.1 H
(etter).15 E F2(X)2.812 E F1 .312(can be)2.812 F F0(I)144 152.4 Q F1 .67
(to limit based on queue identi\214er)3.17 F(,)-.4 E F0(R)3.17 E F1 .671
(to limit based on recipient, or)3.17 F F0(S)3.171 E F1 .671
(to limit based on)3.171 F(sender)144 164.4 Q 6.054(.A)-.55 G 1.054(particular queued job is accepted if one of the corresponding addresses con-)
-2.5 F .032(tains the indicated)144 176.4 R F2(string)2.533 E F1 5.033
(.M)C(ultiple)-5.033 E F2(\255qX)2.533 E F1 .033
(\215ags are permitted, with items with the same k)2.533 F -.15(ey)-.1 G
(letter \231or'ed\232 together)144 188.4 Q 2.5(,a)-.4 G
(nd items with dif)-2.5 E(ferent k)-.25 E .3 -.15(ey l)-.1 H
(etters \231and'ed\232 together).15 E(.)-.55 E(\255R ret)72 204.6 Q
1.687(What information you w)46.64 F 1.687
(ant returned if the message bounces;)-.1 F F2 -.37(re)4.187 G(t).37 E
F1 1.687(can be \231HDRS\232 for)4.187 F .877
(headers only or \231FULL\232 for headers plus body)144 216.6 R 5.877
(.T)-.65 G .878(his is a request only; the other end is)-5.877 F
(not required to honor the parameter)144 228.6 Q(.)-.55 E 61.08
(\255t Read)72 244.8 R .752(the header for \231T)3.252 F .752
(o:\232, \231Cc:\232, and \231Bcc:\232 lines, and send to e)-.8 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G .752(ryone listed in those).15 F 2.539(lists. The)144 256.8 R
.039(\231Bcc:\232 line will be deleted before sending.)2.539 F(An)5.039
E 2.539(ya)-.15 G .04(ddresses in the ar)-2.539 F .04(gument v)-.18 F
(ec-)-.15 E(tor will be deleted from the send list.)144 268.8 Q 56.64
(\255U Indicate)72 285 R 1.029
(that this is an initial User Agent submission.)3.529 F 1.028
(In future releases, sendmail may)6.028 F 1.12
(complain about syntactically in)144 297 R -.25(va)-.4 G 1.121
(lid messages rather than \214xing them when this \215ag is).25 F
(not set.)144 309 Q(\255V en)72 325.2 Q 32.32(vid The)-.4 F(indicated)
3.18 E F2(en)3.18 E(vid)-.4 E F1 .68(is passed with the en)3.18 F -.15
(ve)-.4 G .679(lope of the message and returned if the mes-).15 F
(sage bounces.)144 337.2 Q<ad58>72 353.4 Q F2(lo)2.5 E(g\214le)-.1 E F1
.724(Log all traf)31.74 F .724(\214c in and out of)-.25 F F2(sendmail)
3.225 E F1 .725(in the indicated)3.225 F F2(lo)3.225 E(g\214le)-.1 E F1
.725(for deb)3.225 F .725(ugging mailer prob-)-.2 F 2.5(lems. This)144
365.4 R(produces a lot of data v)2.5 E
(ery quickly and should be used sparingly)-.15 E(.)-.65 E .638
(There are a number of options that may be speci\214ed as primiti)97
381.6 R .937 -.15(ve \215)-.25 H 3.137(ags. These).15 F .637
(are the e, i, m, and v)3.137 F 2.5(options. Also,)72 393.6 R
(the f option may be speci\214ed as the)2.5 E F0<ad73>2.5 E F1(\215ag.)
2.5 E EP
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/F0 12/Times-Bold@0 SF 3(APPENDIX B)250.002 98.4 R -.12(QU)220.29 141.6
S(EUE FILE FORMA).12 E(TS)-1.14 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .291
(This appendix describes the format of the queue \214les.)97 201 R .292
(These \214les li)5.292 F .592 -.15(ve i)-.25 H 2.792(nt).15 G .292
(he directory de\214ned by the)-2.792 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Q)72 213 Q
F1(option in the)2.5 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1
(\214le, usually)2.5 E F3(/var/spool/mqueue)2.5 E F1(or)2.5 E F3
(/usr/spool/mqueue)2.5 E F1(.)A .23(All queue \214les ha)97 229.2 R .53
-.15(ve t)-.2 H .23(he name).15 F F3(x)2.73 E F2(f)1.666 E F3(AAA99999)A
F1(where)2.73 E F3(AAA99999)2.73 E F1 .23(is the)2.73 F F3(id)2.73 E F1
.229(for this message and the)2.73 F F3(x)2.729 E F1 .229(is a)2.729 F
3.601(type. The)72 241.2 R 1.101(\214rst letter of the id encodes the hour of the day that the message w)
3.601 F 1.101(as recei)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.601(db).15 G 3.601(yt)
-3.601 G 1.101(he system)-3.601 F .552
(\(with A being the hour between midnight and 1:00AM\).)72 253.2 R .552
(All \214les with the same id collecti)5.552 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .551
(ly de\214ne one).15 F(message.)72 265.2 Q(The types are:)97 281.4 Q 31
(dT)72 297.6 S(he data \214le.)-31 E(The message body \(e)5 E
(xcluding the header\) is k)-.15 E(ept in this \214le.)-.1 E 31(qT)72
313.8 S(he queue control \214le.)-31 E
(This \214le contains the information necessary to process the job)5 E
(.)-.4 E 33.22(tA)72 330 S .344(temporary \214le.)-30.376 F .344
(These are an image of the)5.344 F F2(qf)2.844 E F1 .344
(\214le when it is being reb)2.844 F 2.845(uilt. It)-.2 F .345
(should be renamed)2.845 F(to a)108 342 Q F2(qf)2.5 E F1(\214le v)2.5 E
(ery quickly)-.15 E(.)-.65 E 31(xA)72 358.2 S .567(transcript \214le, e)
-27.933 F .567(xisting during the life of a session sho)-.15 F .566
(wing e)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .566(rything that happens during that).15
F(session.)108 370.2 Q(The)97 386.4 Q F2(qf)3.333 E F1 .833
(\214le is structured as a series of lines each be)3.333 F .834
(ginning with a code letter)-.15 F 5.834(.T)-.55 G .834
(he lines are as fol-)-5.834 F(lo)72 398.4 Q(ws:)-.25 E 28.78(VT)72
414.6 S .82(he v)-28.78 F .82
(ersion number of the queue \214le format, used to allo)-.15 F 3.319(wn)
-.25 G -.25(ew)-3.319 G F3(sendmail)3.569 E F1 .819
(binaries to read queue)3.319 F .003(\214les created by older v)108
426.6 R 2.504(ersions. Def)-.15 F .004(aults to v)-.1 F .004
(ersion zero.)-.15 F .004
(Must be the \214rst line of the \214le if present.)5.004 F 28.78(HA)72
442.8 S .33(header de\214nition.)-25.95 F .33(There may be an)5.33 F
2.829(yn)-.15 G .329(umber of these lines.)-2.829 F .329
(The order is important: the)5.329 F 2.829(yr)-.15 G(epre-)-2.829 E .046
(sent the order in the \214nal message.)108 454.8 R .046
(These use the same syntax as header de\214nitions in the con\214gu-)
5.046 F(ration \214le.)108 466.8 Q 29.33(CT)72 483 S .575
(he controlling address.)-29.33 F .575
(The syntax is \231localuser:aliasname\232.)5.575 F .575
(Recipient addresses follo)5.575 F .575(wing this)-.25 F 2.814
(line will be \215agged so that deli)108 495 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.814
(ries will be run as the).15 F F3(localuser)5.314 E F1 2.814
(\(a user name from the)5.314 F .562(/etc/passwd \214le\);)108 507 R F3
(aliasname)3.062 E F1 .561(is the name of the alias that e)3.062 F .561
(xpanded to this address \(used for print-)-.15 F(ing messages\).)108
519 Q 28.78(QT)72 535.2 S .797(he `)-28.78 F .797(`original recipient')
-.74 F .798
(', speci\214ed by the ORCPT= \214eld in an ESMTP transaction.)-.74 F
.798(Used e)5.798 F(xclu-)-.15 E(si)108 547.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ly for Deli).15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry Status Noti\214cations.).15 E
(It applies only to the immediately follo)5 E(wing `R' line.)-.25 E
29.33(RA)72 563.4 S .705(recipient address.)-26.125 F .705
(This will normally be completely aliased, b)5.705 F .705
(ut is actually realiased when the)-.2 F .492(job is processed.)108
575.4 R .492(There will be one line for each recipient.)5.492 F -1.11
(Ve)5.492 G .493(rsion 1 qf \214les also include a lead-)1.11 F .689(ing colon-terminated list of \215ags, which can be `S' to return a message on successful \214nal deli)
108 587.4 R(v-)-.25 E(ery)108 599.4 Q 3.327(,`)-.65 G .828
(F' to return a message on f)-3.327 F .828
(ailure, `D' to return a message if the message is delayed, `B' to)-.1 F
.941(indicate that the body should be returned, `N' to suppress returning the body)
108 611.4 R 3.44(,a)-.65 G .94(nd `P' to declare)-3.44 F(this as a `)108
623.4 Q(`primary')-.74 E 2.5('\()-.74 G
(command line or SMTP-session\) address.)-2.5 E 30.44(ST)72 639.6 S
(he sender address.)-30.44 E(There may only be one of these lines.)5 E
29.89(TT)72 655.8 S(he job creation time.)-29.89 E
(This is used to compute when to time out the job)5 E(.)-.4 E 30.44(PT)
72 672 S .113(he current message priority)-30.44 F 5.113(.T)-.65 G .113
(his is used to order the queue.)-5.113 F .114(Higher numbers mean lo)
5.114 F .114(wer priori-)-.25 F 3.677(ties. The)108 684 R 1.176
(priority changes as the message sits in the queue.)3.677 F 1.176
(The initial priority depends on the)6.176 F
(message class and the size of the message.)108 696 Q 27.11(MA)72 712.2
S 2.703(message. This)-24.407 F .203(line is printed by the)2.703 F F3
(mailq)2.703 E F1 .204
(command, and is generally used to store status infor)2.704 F(-)-.2 E
2.5(mation. It)108 724.2 R(can contain an)2.5 E 2.5(yt)-.15 G -.15(ex)
-2.5 G(t.).15 E F2(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 756 Q
(SMM:08-73)195.86 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-74 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 30.44(FF)
72 96 S .044(lag bits, represented as one letter per \215ag.)-30.44 F
.043(De\214ned \215ag bits are)5.043 F F0(r)2.543 E F1 .043
(indicating that this is a response)2.543 F .142(message and)108 108 R
F0(w)2.642 E F1 .142(indicating that a w)2.642 F .143
(arning message has been sent announcing that the mail has been)-.1 F
(delayed.)108 120 Q 28.78(NT)72 136.2 S(he total number of deli)-28.78 E
-.15(ve)-.25 G(ry attempts.).15 E 28.78(KT)72 152.4 S
(he time \(as seconds since January 1, 1970\) of the last deli)-28.78 E
-.15(ve)-.25 G(ry attempt.).15 E 32.67(IT)72 168.6 S .725
(he i-number of the data \214le; this can be used to reco)-32.67 F -.15
(ve)-.15 G 3.224(ry).15 G .724(our mail queue after a disastrous disk)
-3.224 F(crash.)108 180.6 Q 31($A)72 196.8 S .829(macro de\214nition.)
-27.671 F .829(The v)5.829 F .829
(alues of certain macros \(as of this writing, only)-.25 F F0($r)3.33 E
F1(and)3.33 E F0($s)3.33 E F1 3.33(\)a)C .83(re passed)-3.33 F
(through to the queue run phase.)108 208.8 Q 29.33(BT)72 225 S .925
(he body type.)-29.33 F .925(The remainder of the line is a te)5.925 F
.925(xt string de\214ning the body type.)-.15 F .924(If this \214eld is)
5.924 F .009(missing, the body type is assumed to be \231unde\214ned\232 and no special processing is attempted.)
108 237 R(Le)5.009 E -.05(ga)-.15 G(l).05 E -.25(va)108 249 S
(lues are \2317BIT\232 and \2318BITMIME\232.).25 E 28.78(OT)72 265.2 S
(he original MTS v)-28.78 E(alue \(from the ESMTP transaction\).)-.25 E
-.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(rD).15 G(eli)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rS).15 G
(tatus Noti\214cations only)-2.5 E(.)-.65 E 29.89(ZT)72 281.4 S
(he original en)-29.89 E -.15(ve)-.4 G
(lope id \(from the ESMTP transaction\).).15 E -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(rD).15 G
(eli)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rS).15 G(tatus Noti\214cations only)-2.5
E(.)-.65 E 4.073(As an e)97 297.6 R 4.073(xample, the follo)-.15 F 4.072
(wing is a queue \214le sent to \231eric@mammoth.Berk)-.25 F(ele)-.1 E
-.65(y.)-.15 G 4.072(EDU\232 and).65 F(\231bostic@ok)72 311.6 Q(eef)-.1
E(fe.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU\232).65 E/F2 7
/Times-Roman@0 SF(1)-4 I F1(:)4 I(P835771)112 327.8 Q(T404261372)112
339.8 Q(Seric)112 351.8 Q(Ceric:sendmail@v)112 363.8 Q(angogh.CS.Berk)
-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E(Reric@mammoth.Berk)112 375.8 Q
(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E(Rbostic@ok)112 387.8 Q(eef)-.1 E
(fe.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E
(H?P?Return-path: <o)112 399.8 Q(wner)-.25 E(-sendmail@v)-.2 E
(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU>).65 E(HRecei)112
411.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(d: by v).15 E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E
-.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU \(5.108/2.7\) id AAA06703;).65 E
(Fri, 17 Jul 1992 00:28:55 -0700)132 423.8 Q(HRecei)112 435.8 Q -.15(ve)
-.25 G(d: from mail.CS.Berk).15 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU by v).65
E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU \(5.108/2.7\)).65 E
(id AAA06698; Fri, 17 Jul 1992 00:28:54 -0700)132 447.8 Q(HRecei)112
459.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(d: from [128.32.31.21] by mail.CS.Berk).15 E(ele)
-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU \(5.96/2.5\)).65 E
(id AA22777; Fri, 17 Jul 1992 03:29:14 -0400)132 471.8 Q(HRecei)112
483.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(d: by foo.bar).15 E(.baz.de \(5.57/Ultrix3.0-C\))
-.55 E(id AA22757; Fri, 17 Jul 1992 09:31:25 GMT)132 495.8 Q
(H?F?From: eric@foo.bar)112 507.8 Q(.baz.de \(Eric Allman\))-.55 E
(H?x?Full-name: Eric Allman)112 519.8 Q
(HMessage-id: <9207170931.AA22757@foo.bar)112 531.8 Q(.baz.de>)-.55 E
(HT)112 543.8 Q(o: sendmail@v)-.8 E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65
(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E(HSubject: this is an e)112 555.8 Q(xample message)
-.15 E .658(This sho)72 572 R .658(ws the person who sent the message, the submission time \(in seconds since January 1, 1970\), the)
-.25 F(message priority)72 584 Q 2.5(,t)-.65 G
(he message class, the recipients, and the headers for the message.)-2.5
E .32 LW 76 669.2 72 669.2 DL 80 669.2 76 669.2 DL 84 669.2 80 669.2 DL
88 669.2 84 669.2 DL 92 669.2 88 669.2 DL 96 669.2 92 669.2 DL 100 669.2
96 669.2 DL 104 669.2 100 669.2 DL 108 669.2 104 669.2 DL 112 669.2 108
669.2 DL 116 669.2 112 669.2 DL 120 669.2 116 669.2 DL 124 669.2 120
669.2 DL 128 669.2 124 669.2 DL 132 669.2 128 669.2 DL 136 669.2 132
669.2 DL 140 669.2 136 669.2 DL 144 669.2 140 669.2 DL 148 669.2 144
669.2 DL 152 669.2 148 669.2 DL 156 669.2 152 669.2 DL 160 669.2 156
669.2 DL 164 669.2 160 669.2 DL 168 669.2 164 669.2 DL 172 669.2 168
669.2 DL 176 669.2 172 669.2 DL 180 669.2 176 669.2 DL 184 669.2 180
669.2 DL 188 669.2 184 669.2 DL 192 669.2 188 669.2 DL 196 669.2 192
669.2 DL 200 669.2 196 669.2 DL 204 669.2 200 669.2 DL 208 669.2 204
669.2 DL 212 669.2 208 669.2 DL 216 669.2 212 669.2 DL/F3 5
/Times-Roman@0 SF(1)93.6 679.6 Q/F4 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .718(This e)3.2 J
.718(xample is contri)-.12 F -.12(ve)-.2 G 2.718(da).12 G .718
(nd probably inaccurate for your en)-2.718 F 2.719(vironment. Glance)
-.32 F -.12(ove)2.719 G 2.719(ri).12 G 2.719(tt)-2.719 G 2.719(og)-2.719
G .719(et an idea; nothing can replace)-2.719 F(looking at what your o)
72 692.4 Q(wn system generates.)-.2 E EP
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/F0 12/Times-Bold@0 SF 3(APPENDIX C)249.672 98.4 R(SUMMAR)198.282 141.6
Q 3(YO)-.42 G 3(FS)-3 G(UPPOR)-3 E 3(TF)-.48 G(ILES)-3 E/F1 10
/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.519(This is a summary of the support \214les that)97
201 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)4.019 E F1 1.52
(creates or generates.)4.019 F(Man)6.52 E 4.02(yo)-.15 G 4.02(ft)-4.02 G
1.52(hese can be)-4.02 F(changed by editing the sendmail.cf \214le; check there to \214nd the actual pathnames.)
72 213 Q(/usr/sbin/sendmail)72 229.2 Q(The binary of)144 241.2 Q F2
(sendmail)2.5 E F1(.)A(/usr/bin/ne)72 257.4 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E
3.735(Al)144 269.4 S 1.235
(ink to /usr/sbin/sendmail; causes the alias database to be reb)-3.735 F
3.734(uilt. Running)-.2 F 1.234(this pro-)3.734 F
(gram is completely equi)144 281.4 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to gi).25 E
(ving)-.25 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(the)2.5 E/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF
(\255bi)2.5 E F1(\215ag.)2.5 E 13.38(/usr/bin/mailq Prints)72 297.6 R
3.702(al)3.702 G 1.202(isting of the mail queue.)-3.702 F 1.203
(This program is equi)6.202 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.203(lent to using the).25
F F3(\255bp)3.703 E F1 1.203(\215ag to)3.703 F F2(sendmail)144 309.6 Q
F1(.)A 5.9(/etc/sendmail.cf The)72 325.8 R
(con\214guration \214le, in te)2.5 E(xtual form.)-.15 E
(/usr/lib/sendmail.hf)72 342 Q(The SMTP help \214le.)144 354 Q 7
(/etc/sendmail.st A)72 370.2 R(statistics \214le; need not be present.)
2.5 E .89(/etc/sendmail.pid Created)72 386.4 R .318
(in daemon mode; it contains the process id of the current SMTP daemon.)
2.818 F .318(If you)5.318 F 1.047(use this in scripts; use `)144 398.4 R
1.047(`head \2551')-.74 F 3.548('t)-.74 G 3.548(og)-3.548 G 1.048
(et just the \214rst line; the second line contains the)-3.548 F .68
(command line used to in)144 410.4 R -.2(vo)-.4 G .879 -.1(ke t).2 H
.679(he daemon, and later v).1 F .679(ersions of)-.15 F F2(sendmail)
3.179 E F1 .679(may add more)3.179 F(information to subsequent lines.)
144 422.4 Q 25.62(/etc/aliases The)72 438.6 R(te)2.5 E(xtual v)-.15 E
(ersion of the alias \214le.)-.15 E 13.12(/etc/aliases.db The)72 454.8 R
(alias \214le in)2.5 E F2(hash)2.5 E F1(\(3\) format.)1.666 E
(/etc/aliases.{pag,dir})72 471 Q(The alias \214le in)144 483 Q F2(ndbm)
2.5 E F1(\(3\) format.)1.666 E(/v)72 499.2 Q(ar/spool/mqueue)-.25 E
(The directory in which the mail queue and temporary \214les reside.)144
511.2 Q(/v)72 527.4 Q(ar/spool/mqueue/qf*)-.25 E
(Control \(queue\) \214les for messages.)144 539.4 Q(/v)72 555.6 Q
(ar/spool/mqueue/df*)-.25 E(Data \214les.)144 567.6 Q(/v)72 583.8 Q
(ar/spool/mqueue/tf*)-.25 E -.7(Te)144 595.8 S(mporary v).7 E
(ersions of the qf \214les, used during queue \214le reb)-.15 E(uild.)
-.2 E(/v)72 612 Q(ar/spool/mqueue/xf*)-.25 E 2.5(At)144 624 S
(ranscript of the current session.)-2.5 E F3
(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 756 Q(SMM:08-75)195.86 E
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-3)200.86 E/F1 12/Times-Roman@0 SF -1.116(TA)263.226 98.4 S
(BLE OF CONTENTS)1.116 E/F2 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 2.5(1. B)72 124.8 R
(ASIC INST)-.35 E(ALLA)-.93 E 1.18(TION ...............................................................................................................)
-1.11 F(7)31 E 2.5(1.1. Compiling)87 139.2 R .43(Sendmail ..............................................................................................................)
2.5 F(7)31 E 2.5(1.1.1. T)102 153.6 R(weaking the Build In)-.8 E -.2(vo)
-.4 G .19(cation .....................................................................................)
.2 F(7)31 E 2.5(1.1.2. Creating)102 168 R 2.5(aS)2.5 G
(ite Con\214guration File)-2.5 E 28.5(................................................................................ 7)
2.94 F 2.5(1.1.3. T)102 182.4 R(weaking the Mak)-.8 E 1.64(e\214le .................................................................................................)
-.1 F(8)31 E 2.5(1.1.4. Compilation)102 196.8 R(and installation)2.5 E
28.5(........................................................................................ 8)
4.6 F 2.5(1.2. Con\214guration)87 211.2 R .99(Files ................................................................................................................)
2.5 F(8)31 E 2.5(1.3. Details)87 225.6 R(of Installation Files)2.5 E
23.5(................................................................................................... 10)
4.89 F 2.5(1.3.1. /usr/sbin/sendmail)102 240 R 23.5(......................................................................................................... 10)
2.66 F 2.5(1.3.2. /etc/sendmail.cf)102 254.4 R 23.5(............................................................................................................ 10)
4.9 F 2.5(1.3.3. /usr/bin/ne)102 268.8 R -.1(wa)-.25 G 2.19(liases .......................................................................................................)
.1 F(10)26 E 2.5(1.3.4. /usr/bin/hoststat)102 283.2 R 23.5(............................................................................................................ 10)
4.6 F 2.5(1.3.5. /usr/bin/pur)102 297.6 R 1.18(gestat ..........................................................................................................)
-.18 F(10)26 E 2.5(1.3.6. /v)102 312 R 1.81(ar/spool/mqueue ........................................................................................................)
-.25 F(10)26 E 2.5(1.3.7. /v)102 326.4 R .97(ar/spool/mqueue/.hoststat ..........................................................................................)
-.25 F(11)26 E 2.5(1.3.8. /etc/aliases*)102 340.8 R 23.5(.................................................................................................................. 11)
4.62 F 2.5(1.3.9. /etc/rc)102 355.2 R(or /etc/init.d/sendmail)2.5 E 23.5
(........................................................................................ 11)
3.23 F 2.5(1.3.10. /usr/lib/sendmail.hf)102 369.6 R 23.5(..................................................................................................... 11)
2.94 F 2.5(1.3.11. /etc/sendmail.st)102 384 R 23.5(........................................................................................................... 11)
3.5 F 2.5(1.3.12. /usr/bin/mailq)102 398.4 R 23.5(............................................................................................................. 13)
4.88 F 2.5(2. NORMAL)72 412.8 R(OPERA)2.5 E 1.56(TIONS .............................................................................................................)
-1.11 F(13)26 E 2.5(2.1. The)87 427.2 R(System Log)2.5 E 23.5(.................................................................................................................... 13)
4.89 F 2.5(2.1.1. F)102 441.6 R 2.26(ormat ..........................................................................................................................)
-.15 F(13)26 E 2.5(2.1.2. Le)102 456 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.24(ls ...........................................................................................................................)
.15 F(14)26 E 2.5(2.2. Dumping)87 470.4 R .72(State .......................................................................................................................)
2.5 F(14)26 E 2.5(2.3. The)87 484.8 R(Mail Queue)2.5 E 23.5(..................................................................................................................... 14)
2.96 F 2.5(2.3.1. Printing)102 499.2 R(the queue)2.5 E 23.5(......................................................................................................... 14)
2.67 F 2.5(2.3.2. F)102 513.6 R(orcing the queue)-.15 E 23.5(......................................................................................................... 14)
3.94 F 2.5(2.4. Disk)87 528 R(Based Connection Information)2.5 E 23.5(..................................................................................... 15)
3.79 F 2.5(2.5. The)87 542.4 R(Service Switch)2.5 E 23.5(................................................................................................................ 16)
2.68 F 2.5(2.6. The)87 556.8 R(Alias Database)2.5 E 23.5(................................................................................................................ 16)
2.69 F 2.5(2.6.1. Reb)102 571.2 R(uilding the alias database)-.2 E 23.5
(....................................................................................... 17)
4.27 F 2.5(2.6.2. Potential)102 585.6 R .72(problems ........................................................................................................)
2.5 F(17)26 E 2.5(2.6.3. List)102 600 R -.25(ow)2.5 G 1.81(ners ...................................................................................................................)
.25 F(18)26 E 2.5(2.7. User)87 614.4 R(Information Database)2.5 E 23.5(.................................................................................................... 18)
2.7 F 2.5(2.8. Per)87 628.8 R(-User F)-.2 E(orw)-.15 E(arding \(.forw)
-.1 E(ard Files\))-.1 E 23.5(................................................................................... 18)
4.09 F 2.5(2.9. Special)87 643.2 R(Header Lines)2.5 E 23.5(............................................................................................................. 18)
2.97 F 2.5(2.9.1. Errors-T)102 657.6 R 2.09(o: .....................................................................................................................)
-.8 F(19)26 E 2.5(2.9.2. Apparently-T)102 672 R 2.09(o: .............................................................................................................)
-.8 F(19)26 E 2.5(2.9.3. Precedence)102 686.4 R 23.5(.................................................................................................................... 19)
2.97 F 2.5(2.10. IDENT)87 700.8 R(Protocol Support)2.5 E 23.5(..................................................................................................... 19)
2.95 F 2.5(3. ARGUMENTS)72 715.2 R 23.5(............................................................................................................................... 20)
3.78 F EP
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(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 2.5
(3.1. Queue)87 96 R(Interv)2.5 E 1.55(al .......................................................................................................................)
-.25 F(20)26 E 2.5(3.2. Daemon)87 110.4 R 1.29(Mode .......................................................................................................................)
2.5 F(20)26 E 2.5(3.3. F)87 124.8 R(orcing the Queue)-.15 E 23.5(................................................................................................................. 20)
4.22 F 2.5(3.4. Deb)87 139.2 R 1.76(ugging .............................................................................................................................)
-.2 F(20)26 E 2.5(3.5. Changing)87 153.6 R(the V)2.5 E(alues of Options)
-1.11 E 23.5(............................................................................................ 21)
3.23 F 2.5(3.6. T)87 168 R(rying a Dif)-.35 E
(ferent Con\214guration File)-.25 E 23.5(................................................................................... 21)
4.67 F 2.5(3.7. Logging)87 182.4 R -.35(Tr)2.5 G(af).35 E .5(\214c ......................................................................................................................)
-.25 F(21)26 E 2.5(3.8. T)87 196.8 R(esting Con\214guration Files)-.7 E
23.5(................................................................................................... 22)
4.19 F 2.5(3.9. Persistent)87 211.2 R(Host Status Information)2.5 E 23.5
(........................................................................................ 22)
3.5 F 2.5(4. TUNING)72 225.6 R 23.5(......................................................................................................................................... 22)
2.68 F 2.5(4.1. T)87 240 R 1.07(imeouts ................................................................................................................................)
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-.25 F(23)26 E 2.5(4.1.2. Read)102 268.8 R 1(timeouts ...............................................................................................................)
2.5 F(23)26 E 2.5(4.1.3. Message)102 283.2 R 1.56(timeouts .........................................................................................................)
2.5 F(24)26 E 2.5(4.2. F)87 297.6 R(orking During Queue Runs)-.15 E 23.5
(................................................................................................. 25)
4.49 F 2.5(4.3. Queue)87 312 R .73(Priorities .....................................................................................................................)
2.5 F(25)26 E 2.5(4.4. Load)87 326.4 R .44(Limiting ........................................................................................................................)
2.5 F(25)26 E 2.5(4.5. Deli)87 340.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry Mode).15 E 23.5
(....................................................................................................................... 26)
3.08 F 2.5(4.6. Log)87 355.2 R(Le)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.52(l.).15 G
23.5(.............................................................................................................................. 26)
-2.52 F 2.5(4.7. File)87 369.6 R .72(Modes .............................................................................................................................)
2.5 F(27)26 E 2.5(4.7.1. T)102 384 R 2.5(os)-.8 G(uid or not to suid?)
-2.5 E 23.5(................................................................................................. 27)
6.52 F 2.5(4.7.2. T)102 398.4 R(urning of)-.45 E 2.5(fs)-.25 G
(ecurity checks)-2.5 E 23.5(.......................................................................................... 27)
3.95 F 2.5(4.8. Connection)87 412.8 R 1.56(Caching ..............................................................................................................)
2.5 F(29)26 E 2.5(4.9. Name)87 427.2 R(Serv)2.5 E(er Access)-.15 E 23.5
(.............................................................................................................. 29)
2.85 F 2.5(4.10. Mo)87 441.6 R(ving the Per)-.15 E(-User F)-.2 E(orw)
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3.84 F 2.5(4.11. Free)87 456 R 1.85(Space ...........................................................................................................................)
2.5 F(31)26 E 2.5(4.12. Maximum)87 470.4 R(Message Size)2.5 E 23.5(..................................................................................................... 31)
4.62 F 2.5(4.13. Pri)87 484.8 R -.25(va)-.25 G .3 -.15(cy F).25 H 1.93(lags .......................................................................................................................)
.15 F(31)26 E 2.5(4.14. Send)87 499.2 R(to Me T)2.5 E 2.08(oo ...................................................................................................................)
-.8 F(31)26 E 2.5(5. THE)72 513.6 R(WHOLE SCOOP ON THE CONFIGURA)2.5 E
(TION FILE)-1.11 E 23.5
(........................................................ 31)4.64 F 2.5
(5.1. R)87 528 R(and S \212 Re)2.5 E(writing Rules)-.25 E 23.5(.................................................................................................. 31)
4.3 F 2.5(5.1.1. The)102 542.4 R(left hand side)2.5 E 23.5(......................................................................................................... 32)
4.07 F 2.5(5.1.2. The)102 556.8 R(right hand side)2.5 E 23.5(....................................................................................................... 32)
3.51 F 2.5(5.1.3. Semantics)102 571.2 R(of re)2.5 E(writing rule sets)
-.25 E 23.5(................................................................................... 34)
4.6 F 2.5(5.1.4. Ruleset)102 585.6 R 2.11(hooks ...............................................................................................................)
2.5 F(34)26 E 2.5(5.1.4.1. check_relay)117 600 R 23.5(.......................................................................................................... 35)
2.69 F 2.5(5.1.4.2. check_mail)117 614.4 R 23.5(.......................................................................................................... 35)
4.9 F 2.5(5.1.4.3. check_rcpt)117 628.8 R 23.5(........................................................................................................... 35)
4.63 F 2.5(5.1.4.4. check_compat)117 643.2 R 23.5(...................................................................................................... 35)
3.24 F 2.5(5.1.5. IPC)102 657.6 R 1(mailers ...................................................................................................................)
2.5 F(35)26 E 2.5(5.2. D)87 672 R 2.5<8a44>2.5 G(e\214ne Macro)-2.5 E
23.5(................................................................................................................ 35)
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3.79 F 2.5(5.5. H)87 715.2 R 2.5<8a44>2.5 G(e\214ne Header)-2.5 E 23.5(............................................................................................................... 43)
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4.23 F 2.5(6.3. Con\214guration)87 256.4 R(in src/conf.c)2.5 E 23.5(.................................................................................................... 65)
3.51 F 2.5(6.3.1. Built-in)102 270.8 R(Header Semantics)2.5 E 23.5(........................................................................................... 65)
4.9 F 2.5(6.3.2. Restricting)102 285.2 R(Use of Email)2.5 E 23.5(.............................................................................................. 67)
4.34 F 2.5(6.3.3. Ne)102 299.6 R 2.5(wD)-.25 G(atabase Map Classes)-2.5
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4.89 F 2.5(6.3.4. Queueing)102 314 R 1.56(Function .......................................................................................................)
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2.74 F 2.5(6.4. Con\214guration)87 357.2 R(in src/daemon.c)2.5 E 23.5(.............................................................................................. 69)
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(TS ............................................................................................)
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