diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'debian/local/man/ls.1')
| -rw-r--r-- | debian/local/man/ls.1 | 446 |
1 files changed, 446 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/debian/local/man/ls.1 b/debian/local/man/ls.1 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..04231ea --- /dev/null +++ b/debian/local/man/ls.1 @@ -0,0 +1,446 @@ +.\" $OpenBSD: ls.1,v 1.23 2000/03/24 21:41:08 aaron Exp $ +.\" $NetBSD: ls.1,v 1.14 1995/12/05 02:44:01 jtc Exp $ +.\" +.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1990, 1991, 1993, 1994 +.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. +.\" +.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by +.\" the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. +.\" +.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without +.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions +.\" are met: +.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright +.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. +.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright +.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the +.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. +.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors +.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software +.\" without specific prior written permission. +.\" +.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND +.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE +.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE +.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE +.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL +.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS +.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) +.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT +.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY +.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF +.\" SUCH DAMAGE. +.\" +.\" @(#)ls.1 8.7 (Berkeley) 7/29/94 +.\" +.Dd July 29, 1994 +.Dt LS 1 +.Os +.Sh NAME +.Nm ls +.Nd list directory contents +.Sh SYNOPSIS +.Nm ls +.Op Fl 1ACFLRSTWacdfgiklmnopqrstux +.Op Ar file ... +.Sh DESCRIPTION +For each operand that names a +.Ar file +of a type other than +directory, +.Nm +displays its name as well as any requested, +associated information. +For each operand that names a +.Ar file +of type directory, +.Nm +displays the names of files contained +within that directory, as well as any requested, associated +information. +.Pp +If no operands are given, the contents of the current +directory are displayed. +If more than one operand is given, +non-directory operands are displayed first; directory +and non-directory operands are sorted separately and in +lexicographical order. +.Pp +The options are as follows: +.Bl -tag -width indent +.It Fl A +List all entries except for +.Dq \&. +and +.Dq \&.. . +Always set for the super-user. +.It Fl C +Force multi-column output; this is the default when output is to a terminal. +.It Fl F +Display a slash +.Pq Sq / +immediately after each pathname that is a directory, +an asterisk +.Pq Sq \&* +after each that is executable, +an at sign +.Pq Sq @ +after each symbolic link, +a percent sign +.Pq Sq % +after each whiteout, +an equal sign +.Pq Sq = +after each socket, +and a vertical bar +.Pq Sq \&| +after each that is a FIFO. +.It Fl L +If argument is a symbolic link, list the file or directory the link references +rather than the link itself. +.It Fl R +Recursively list subdirectories encountered. +.It Fl S +Sort by size, largest file first. +.It Fl T +Display complete time information for the file, including +month, day, hour, minute, second, and year. +This option has no effect unless one of the long format +.Pq Fl l , Fl n +options is also specified. +.It Fl W +Display whiteouts when scanning directories. +.It Fl a +Include directory entries whose names begin with a +dot +.Pq Sq \&. . +.It Fl c +Use time file's status was last changed instead of last modification +time for sorting +.Pq Fl t +or printing +.Pq Fl l , Fl n . +.It Fl d +Directories are listed as plain files (not searched recursively) and +symbolic links in the argument list are not indirected through. +.It Fl f +Output is not sorted. +.It Fl g +Does nothing; kept for compatibility with older versions of +.Xr ls 1 . +.It Fl i +For each file, print its inode number. +.It Fl k +Modifies the +.Fl s +option, causing the sizes to be reported in kilobytes. +Overrides any value specified by the +.Ev BLOCKSIZE +environment variable. +.It Fl l +(The lowercase letter +.Dq ell. Ns ) +List in long format (see below). +If the output is to a terminal, a total sum of all file +sizes is output on a line before the long listing. +.It Fl m +Stream output format; list files across the page, separated by commas. +.It Fl n +List in long format as in +.Fl l , +but retain user and group IDs in a numeric format. +.It Fl o +Include the file flags in a long format +.Pq Fl l , Fl n +output. +.It Fl p +Display a slash +.Pq Sq \&/ +immediately after each pathname that is a directory. +.It Fl q +Force printing of non-graphic characters in file names as +the character +.Dq ? ; +this is the default when output is to a terminal. +.It Fl r +Reverse the order of the sort to get reverse +lexicographical order or the smallest or oldest entries first. +.It Fl s +Display the number of file system blocks actually used by each file, +where partial units are rounded up to the next integer value. +Blocks are 512 bytes unless overridden by the +.Fl k +flag or +.Ev BLOCKSIZE +environment variable. +.It Fl t +Sort by time modified (most recently modified +first) before sorting the operands in lexicographical +order. +.It Fl u +Use file's last access time +instead of last modification time +for sorting +.Pq Fl t +or printing +.Pq Fl l , Fl n . +.It Fl x +Multi-column output sorted across the page rather than down the page. +.It Fl \&1 +(The numeric digit +.Dq one. Ns ) +Force output to be one entry per line. +This is the default when +output is not to a terminal. +.El +.Pp +The +.Fl 1 , +.Fl C , +.Fl l , +and +.Fl n +options all override each other; the last one specified determines +the format used. +.Pp +The +.Fl c +and +.Fl u +options override each other; the last one specified determines +the file time used. +The +.Fl f +option overrides any occurrence of either. +.Pp +By default, +.Nm +lists one entry per line to standard +output; the exceptions are to terminals or when the +.Fl C +or +.Fl m +options are specified. +.Pp +File information is displayed with one or more +<blank>s separating the information associated with the +.Fl i , +.Fl s , +.Fl l , +and +.Fl n +options. +.Ss The Long Format +If the +.Fl l +or +.Fl n +options are given, the following information +is displayed for each file: +mode, +number of links, +owner, +group, +size in bytes, +time of last modification +.Pq Dq mmm dd HH:MM , +and the pathname. +In addition, for each directory whose contents are displayed, the first +line displayed is the total number of blocks used by the files in the +directory. +Blocks are 512 bytes unless overridden by the +.Fl k +option or +.Ev BLOCKSIZE +environment variable. +.Pp +If the owner or group name is not a known user or group name, respectively, +or the +.Fl n +option is given, the numeric ID is displayed. +.Pp +If the file is a character special or block special file, +the major and minor device numbers for the file are displayed +in the size field. +.Pp +If the +.Fl T +option is given, the time of last modification is displayed using the +format +.Dq mmm dd HH:MM:SS CCYY . +.Pp +If the file is a symbolic link, the pathname of the +linked-to file is preceded by +.Dq \-> . +.Pp +The file mode printed under the +.Fl l +or +.Fl n +options consists of the entry type, owner permissions, and group +permissions. +The entry type character describes the type of file, as follows: +.Pp +.Bl -tag -width 4n -offset indent -compact +.It Sy b +block special file +.It Sy c +character special file +.It Sy d +directory +.It Sy l +symbolic link +.It Sy s +socket link +.It Sy p +.Tn FIFO +.It Sy w +whiteout +.It Sy \- +regular file +.El +.Pp +The next three fields +are three characters each: +owner permissions, +group permissions, and +other permissions. +Each field has three character positions: +.Pp +.Bl -enum -offset indent -compact +.It +If +.Sy r , +the file is readable; if +.Sy \- , +it is not readable. +.It +If +.Sy w , +the file is writable; if +.Sy \- , +it is not writable. +.It +The first of the following that applies: +.Bl -tag -width 4n -offset indent +.It Sy S +If in the owner permissions, the file is not executable and +set-user-ID mode is set. +If in the group permissions, the file is not executable +and set-group-ID mode is set. +.It Sy s +If in the owner permissions, the file is executable +and set-user-ID mode is set. +If in the group permissions, the file is executable +and setgroup-ID mode is set. +.It Sy x +The file is executable or the directory is +searchable. +.It Sy \- +The file is neither readable, writable, executable, +nor set-user-ID, nor set-group-ID, nor sticky (see below). +.El +.Pp +These next two apply only to the third character in the last group +(other permissions): +.Bl -tag -width 4n -offset indent +.It Sy T +The sticky bit is set +(mode +.Li 1000 ) , +but neither executable nor searchable (see +.Xr chmod 1 +or +.Xr sticky 8 ) . +.It Sy t +The sticky bit is set (mode +.Li 1000 ) , +and is searchable or executable +(see +.Xr chmod 1 +or +.Xr sticky 8 ) . +.El +.El +.Pp +In addition, if the +.Fl o +option is specified, the file flags (see +.Xr chflags 1 ) +are displayed as comma-separated strings in front of the file size, +abbreviated as follows: +.Pp +.Bl -tag -width 8n -offset indent -compact +.It \&- +no flags +.It uappnd +user append-only +.It uchg +user immutable +.It nodump +do not dump +.It opaque +opaque file +.It sappnd +system append-only +.It arch +archived +.It schg +system immutable +.El +.Pp +The +.Nm +utility exits 0 on success or >0 if an error occurred. +.Sh ENVIRONMENT +The following environment variables affect the execution of +.Nm ls : +.Bl -tag -width BLOCKSIZE +.It Ev BLOCKSIZE +If the environment variable +.Ev BLOCKSIZE +is set, and the +.Fl k +option is not specified, the block counts +(see +.Fl s ) +will be displayed in units of that size block. +.It COLUMNS +If this variable contains a string representing a +decimal integer, it is used as the +column position width for displaying +multiple-text-column output. +The +.Nm +utility calculates how +many pathname text columns to display +based on the width provided +(see +.Fl C ) . +.It Ev TZ +The timezone to use when displaying dates. +See +.Xr environ 7 +for more information. +.El +.Sh COMPATIBILITY +The group field is now automatically included in the long listing for +files in order to be compatible with the +.St -p1003.2 +specification. +.Sh SEE ALSO +.Xr chflags 1 , +.Xr chmod 1 , +.Xr symlink 7 , +.Xr sticky 8 +.Sh HISTORY +An +.Nm +utility appeared in +.At v5 . +.Sh STANDARDS +The +.Nm +utility is expected to be a superset of the +.St -p1003.2 +specification. |