path: root/usr/src/man/man1/pmap.1

'\" te
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.TH PMAP 1 "April 9, 2016"
.SH NAME
pmap \- display information about the address space of a process
.SH SYNOPSIS
.LP
.nf
\fB/usr/bin/pmap\fR [\fB-rslF\fR] [\fB-A\fR \fIaddress_range\fR] [\fIpid\fR | \fIcore\fR]...
.fi

.LP
.nf
\fB/usr/bin/pmap\fR \fB-L\fR [\fB-rslF\fR] [\fB-A\fR \fIaddress_range\fR] [\fIpid\fR] ...
.fi

.LP
.nf
\fB/usr/bin/pmap\fR \fB-x\fR [\fB-aslF\fR] [\fB-A\fR \fIaddress_range\fR] [\fIpid\fR | \fIcore\fR]...
.fi

.LP
.nf
\fB/usr/bin/pmap\fR \fB-S\fR [\fB-alF\fR] [\fB-A\fR \fIaddress_range\fR] [\fIpid\fR | \fIcore\fR]...
.fi

.SH DESCRIPTION
.LP
The \fBpmap\fR utility prints information about the address space of a process.
.SH OPTIONS
.LP
The following options are supported:
.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB-a\fR\fR
.ad
.RS 20n
Prints anonymous and swap reservations for shared mappings.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB-A\fR \fIaddress_range\fR\fR
.ad
.RS 20n
Specifies the subrange of address space to display. \fIaddress_range\fR is
specified in one of the following forms:
.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fIstart_addr\fR\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
A single address limits the output to the segment (or the page if the \fB-L\fR
option is present) containing that address. If the specified address
corresponds to the starting address of a segment, the output always includes
the whole segment even when the \fB-L\fR option is specified.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fIstart_addr\fR\fB,\fR\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
An address followed by comma without the end address limits the output to all
segments (or pages if the \fB-L\fR option is present) starting from the one
containing the specified address.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fIstart_addr\fR\fB,\fR\fIend_addr\fR\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
An address range specified by the start address and end addresses limits the
output to all segments (or pages if the \fB-L\fR option is present) starting
from the segment or page containing the start address through the segment or
page containing the end address.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB,\fR\fIend_addr\fR\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
An address range started with comma without the start address limits the output
to all segments (or pages if the \fB-L\fR option is present) starting from the
first one present until the segment (or page if the \fB-L\fR option is present)
containing the specified address.
.RE

.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB-F\fR\fR
.ad
.RS 20n
Force. Grabs the target process even if another process has control.
.sp
See \fBUSAGE\fR.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB-l\fR\fR
.ad
.RS 20n
Shows unresolved dynamic linker map names.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB-L\fR\fR
.ad
.RS 20n
Prints lgroup containing physical memory that backs virtual memory.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB-r\fR\fR
.ad
.RS 20n
Prints the process's reserved addresses.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB-s\fR\fR
.ad
.RS 20n
Prints \fBHAT\fR page size information.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB-S\fR\fR
.ad
.RS 20n
Displays swap reservation information per mapping. See USAGE for more
information.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB-x\fR\fR
.ad
.RS 20n
Displays additional information per mapping. See USAGE for more information.
.RE

.SH USAGE
.LP
The \fBpmap\fR utility prints information about the address space of a process.
.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fBProcess Mappings\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
.sp
.in +2
.nf
/usr/bin/pmap [ -rslF ] [-A \fIaddress_range\fR] [ \fIpid\fR | \fIcore\fR ] ...
.fi
.in -2
.sp

By default, \fBpmap\fR displays all of the mappings in the virtual address
order they are mapped into the process. The mapping size, flags, and mapped
object name are shown.
.sp
The \fB-A\fR option can be used to limit the output to a specified address
range. The specified addresses are rounded up or down to a segment boundary and
the output includes the segments bounded by those addresses.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fBProcess Lgroup Mappings\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
.sp
.in +2
.nf
/usr/bin/pmap -L [ -rslF ] [-A \fIaddress_range\fR] \fIpid\fR ...
.fi
.in -2
.sp

The \fB-L\fR option can be used to determine the lgroup containing the physical
memory backing the specified virtual memory. When used with the \fB-A\fR
option, the specified addresses are rounded up or down to a page boundary and
the output is limited to the page or pages bounded by those addresses.
.sp
This can be used in conjunction with \fBplgrp\fR(1) to discover whether the
home lgroup of a thread of interest is the same as where the memory is located
and whether there should be memory locality for the thread. The
\fBlgrpinfo\fR(1) command can also be useful with this \fBpmap\fR option. It
displays the lgroup hierarchy, contents, and characteristics which gives more
information about the lgroups that the memory is distributed across and their
relationship to each other and any other lgroups of interest.
.sp
In addition, the thread and memory placement can be changed by using
\fBplgrp\fR(1), \fBpmadvise\fR(1), or \fBmadv.so.1\fR(1).
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fBProcess anon/locked mapping details\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
.sp
.in +2
.nf
/usr/bin/pmap -x [ -aslF ] [-A \fIaddress_range\fR] [ \fIpid\fR | \fIcore\fR ] ...
.fi
.in -2
.sp

The \fB-x\fR option displays additional information per mapping. The size of
each mapping, the amount of resident physical memory (RSS), the amount of
anonymous memory, and the amount of memory locked is shown with this option.
This does not include anonymous memory taken by kernel address space due to
this process.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fBSwap Reservations\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
.sp
.in +2
.nf
/usr/bin/pmap -S [ -alF ] [-A \fIaddress_range\fR] [ \fIpid\fR | \fIcore\fR ] ...
.fi
.in -2
.sp

The \fB-S\fR option displays swap reservation information per mapping.
.RE

.sp
.LP
Caution should be exercised when using the \fB-F\fR flag. Imposing two
controlling processes on one victim process can lead to chaos. Safety is
assured only if the primary controlling process, typically a debugger, has
stopped the victim process and the primary controlling process is doing nothing
at the moment of application of the \fBproc\fR tool in question.
.SH DISPLAY FORMATS
.LP
One line of output is printed for each mapping within the process, unless the
-\fB-s\fR or -\fB-L\fR option is specified. With \fB-s\fR option, one line is
printed for a contiguous mapping of each hardware translation page size. With
\fB-L\fR option one line is printed for a contiguous mapping belonging to the
same lgroup. With both \fB-L\fR and \fB-s\fR options, one line is printed for a
contiguous mapping of each hardware translation page size belonging to the same
lgroup. The column headings are shown in parentheses below.
.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fBVirtual Address (\fBAddress\fR)\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
The first column of output represents the starting virtual address of each
mapping. Virtual addresses are displayed in ascending order.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fBVirtual Mapping Size (\fBKbytes\fR)\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
The virtual size in kilobytes of each mapping.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fBResident Physical Memory (\fBRSS\fR)\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
The amount of physical memory in kilobytes that is resident for each mapping,
including that which is shared with other address spaces.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fBAnonymous Memory (\fBAnon\fR)\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
The number of pages, counted by using the system page size, of anonymous memory
associated with the specified mapping. Anonymous memory shared with other
address spaces is not included, unless the \fB-a\fR option is specified.
.sp
Anonymous memory is reported for the process heap, stack, for 'copy on write'
pages with mappings mapped with \fBMAP_PRIVATE\fR (see \fBmmap\fR(2)).
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fBLocked (\fBLocked\fR)\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
The number of pages locked within the mapping. Typical examples are memory
locked with \fBmlock()\fR and System V shared memory created with
\fBSHM_SHARE_MMU\fR.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fBPermissions/Flags (\fBMode\fR)\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
The virtual memory permissions are shown for each mapping. Valid permissions
are:
.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fBr:\fR\fR
.ad
.RS 6n
The mapping can be read by the process.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fBw:\fR\fR
.ad
.RS 6n
The mapping can be written by the process.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fBx:\fR\fR
.ad
.RS 6n
Instructions that reside within the mapping can be executed by the process.
.RE

Flags showing additional information for each mapping can be displayed:
.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fBs:\fR\fR
.ad
.RS 6n
The mapping is shared such that changes made in the observed address space are
committed to the mapped file, and are visible from all other processes sharing
the mapping.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fBR:\fR\fR
.ad
.RS 6n
Swap space is not reserved for this mapping. Mappings created with
\fBMAP_NORESERVE\fR and System V \fBISM\fR shared memory mappings do not
reserve swap space.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB*:\fR\fR
.ad
.RS 6n
The data for the mapping is not present in the core file (only applicable when
applied to a core file). See \fBcoreadm\fR(8) for information on configuring
core file content.
.RE

.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fBLgroup (\fBLgrp\fR)\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
The lgroup containing the physical memory that backs the specified mapping.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fBMapping Name (\fBMapped File\fR)\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
A descriptive name for each mapping. The following major types of names are
displayed for mappings:
.RS +4
.TP
.ie t \(bu
.el o
\fBA mapped file:\fR For mappings between a process and a file, the \fBpmap\fR
command attempts to resolve the file name for each mapping. If the file name
cannot be resolved, \fBpmap\fR displays the major and minor number of the
device containing the file, and the file system inode number of the file.
.RE
.RS +4
.TP
.ie t \(bu
.el o
\fBAnonymous memory:\fR Memory not relating to any named object or file within
the file system is reported as \fB[ anon ]\fR.
.sp
The \fBpmap\fR command displays common names for certain known anonymous memory
mappings:
.RS

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB[ heap ]\fR\fR
.ad
.RS 22n
The mapping is the process heap.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB[ stack ]\fR\fR
.ad
.RS 22n
The mapping is the main stack.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB[ stack tid=\fIn\fR ]\fR\fR
.ad
.RS 22n
The mapping is the stack for thread \fIn\fR.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB[ altstack tid=\fIn\fR ]\fR\fR
.ad
.RS 22n
The mapping is used as the alternate signal stack for thread \fIn\fR.
.RE

.RE

If the common name for the mapping is unknown, \fBpmap\fR displays \fB[ anon
]\fR as the mapping name.
.RE
.RS +4
.TP
.ie t \(bu
.el o
\fBSystem V Shared Memory:\fR Mappings created using System V shared memory
system calls are reported with the names shown below:
.RS

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fBshmid=n:\fR\fR
.ad
.RS 17n
The mapping is a System V shared memory mapping. The shared memory identifier
that the mapping was created with is reported.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fBism shmid=n:\fR\fR
.ad
.RS 17n
The mapping is an "Intimate Shared Memory" variant of System V shared memory.
\fBISM\fR mappings are created with the \fBSHM_SHARE_MMU\fR flag set, in
accordance with \fBshmat\fR(2) (see \fBshmop\fR(2)).
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fBdism shmid=n:\fR\fR
.ad
.RS 17n
The mapping is a pageable variant of \fBISM\fR. Pageable \fBISM\fR is created
with the \fBSHM_PAGEABLE\fR flag set in accordance with \fBshmat\fR(2) (see
\fBshmop\fR(2)).
.RE

.RE

.RE
.RS +4
.TP
.ie t \(bu
.el o
\fBOther:\fR Mappings of other objects, including devices such as frame
buffers. No mapping name is shown for other mapped objects.
.RE
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fBPage Size (\fBPgsz\fR)\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
The page size in kilobytes that is used for hardware address translation for
this mapping. See \fBmemcntl\fR(2) for further information.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fBSwap Space (\fBSwap\fR)\fR
.ad
.sp .6
.RS 4n
The amount of swap space in kilobytes that is reserved for this mapping. That
is, swap space that is deducted from the total available pool of reservable
swap space that is displayed with the command \fBswap\fR \fB-s\fR. See
\fBswap\fR(8).
.RE

.SH EXAMPLES
.LP
\fBExample 1 \fRDisplaying Process Mappings
.sp
.LP
By default, \fBpmap\fR prints one line for each mapping within the address
space of the target process. The following example displays the address space
of a typical bourne shell:

.sp
.in +2
.nf
example$ pmap 102905
102905:    sh
00010000    192K r-x--  /usr/bin/ksh
00040000      8K rwx--  /usr/bin/ksh
00042000     40K rwx--    [ heap ]
FF180000    664K r-x--  /usr/lib/libc.so.1
FF236000     24K rwx--  /usr/lib/libc.so.1
FF23C000      8K rwx--  /usr/lib/libc.so.1
FF250000      8K rwx--    [ anon ]
FF260000     16K r-x--  /usr/lib/en_US.ISO8859-1.so.2
FF272000     16K rwx--  /usr/lib/en_US.ISO8859-1.so.2
FF280000    560K r-x--  /usr/lib/libnsl.so.1
FF31C000     32K rwx--  /usr/lib/libnsl.so.1
FF324000     32K rwx--  /usr/lib/libnsl.so.1
FF340000     16K r-x--  /usr/lib/libc_psr.so.1
FF350000     16K r-x--  /usr/lib/libmp.so.2
FF364000      8K rwx--  /usr/lib/libmp.so.2
FF380000     40K r-x--  /usr/lib/libsocket.so.1
FF39A000      8K rwx--  /usr/lib/libsocket.so.1
FF3A0000      8K r-x--  /usr/lib/libdl.so.1
FF3B0000      8K rwx--    [ anon ]
FF3C0000    152K r-x--  /usr/lib/ld.so.1
FF3F6000      8K rwx--  /usr/lib/ld.so.1
FFBFC000     16K rw---    [ stack ]
 total     1880K
.fi
.in -2
.sp

.LP
\fBExample 2 \fRDisplaying Memory Allocation and Mapping Types
.sp
.LP
The \fB-x\fR option can be used to provide information about the memory
allocation and mapping types per mapping. The amount of resident, non-shared
anonymous, and locked memory is shown for each mapping:

.sp
.in +2
.nf
example$ pmap -x 102908
102908:   sh
Address   Kbytes     RSS    Anon  Locked Mode   Mapped File
00010000      88      88       -       - r-x--  sh
00036000       8       8       8       - rwx--  sh
00038000      16      16      16       - rwx--    [ heap ]
FF260000      16      16       -       - r-x--  en_US.ISO8859-1.so.2
FF272000      16      16       -       - rwx--  en_US.ISO8859-1.so.2
FF280000     664     624       -       - r-x--  libc.so.1
FF336000      32      32       8       - rwx--  libc.so.1
FF360000      16      16       -       - r-x--  libc_psr.so.1
FF380000      24      24       -       - r-x--  libgen.so.1
FF396000       8       8       -       - rwx--  libgen.so.1
FF3A0000       8       8       -       - r-x--  libdl.so.1
FF3B0000       8       8       8       - rwx--    [ anon ]
FF3C0000     152     152       -       - r-x--  ld.so.1
FF3F6000       8       8       8       - rwx--  ld.so.1
FFBFE000       8       8       8       - rw---    [ stack ]
--------   -----   -----   -----   ------
total Kb    1072    1032      56       -
.fi
.in -2
.sp

.sp
.LP
The amount of incremental memory used by each additional instance of a process
can be estimated by using the resident and anonymous memory counts of each
mapping.

.sp
.LP
In the above example, the bourne shell has a resident memory size of
1032Kbytes. However, a large amount of the physical memory used by the shell is
shared with other instances of shell. Another identical instance of the shell
shares physical memory with the other shell where possible, and allocate
anonymous memory for any non-shared portion. In the above example, each
additional bourne shell uses approximately 56Kbytes of additional physical
memory.

.sp
.LP
A more complex example shows the output format for a process containing
different mapping types. In this example, the mappings are as follows:

.sp
.in +2
.nf
0001000: Executable text, mapped from 'maps' program

0002000: Executable data, mapped from 'maps' program

0002200: Program heap


0300000: A mapped file, mapped MAP_SHARED
0400000: A mapped file, mapped MAP_PRIVATE

0500000: A mapped file, mapped MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_NORESERVE

0600000: Anonymous memory, created by mapping /dev/zero

0700000: Anonymous memory, created by mapping /dev/zero
         with MAP_NORESERVE

0800000: A DISM shared memory mapping, created with SHM_PAGEABLE
         with 8MB locked via mlock(3C)

0900000: A DISM shared memory mapping, created with SHM_PAGEABLE,
         with 4MB of its pages touched.

0A00000: A DISM shared memory mapping, created with SHM_PAGEABLE,
         with none of its pages touched.

0B00000: An ISM shared memory mapping, created with SHM_SHARE_MMU
.fi
.in -2
.sp

.sp
.in +2
.nf
example$ pmap -x 15492
15492:  ./maps
 Address  Kbytes     RSS    Anon  Locked Mode   Mapped File
00010000       8       8       -       - r-x--  maps
00020000       8       8       8       - rwx--  maps
00022000   20344   16248   16248       - rwx--    [ heap ]
03000000    1024    1024       -       - rw-s-  dev:0,2 ino:4628487
04000000    1024    1024     512       - rw---  dev:0,2 ino:4628487
05000000    1024    1024     512       - rw--R  dev:0,2 ino:4628487
06000000    1024    1024    1024       - rw---    [ anon ]
07000000     512     512     512       - rw--R    [ anon ]
08000000    8192    8192       -    8192 rwxs-    [ dism shmid=0x5]
09000000    8192    4096       -       - rwxs-    [ dism shmid=0x4]
0A000000    8192    8192       -    8192 rwxsR    [ ism shmid=0x2 ]
0B000000    8192    8192       -    8192 rwxsR    [ ism shmid=0x3 ]
FF280000     680     672       -       - r-x--  libc.so.1
FF33A000      32      32      32       - rwx--  libc.so.1
FF390000       8       8       -       - r-x--  libc_psr.so.1
FF3A0000       8       8       -       - r-x--  libdl.so.1
FF3B0000       8       8       8       - rwx--    [ anon ]
FF3C0000     152     152       -       - r-x--  ld.so.1
FF3F6000       8       8       8       - rwx--  ld.so.1
FFBFA000      24      24      24       - rwx--    [ stack ]
-------- ------- ------- ------- -------
total Kb   50464   42264   18888   16384
.fi
.in -2
.sp

.LP
\fBExample 3 \fRDisplaying Page Size Information
.sp
.LP
The \fB-s\fR option can be used to display the hardware translation page sizes
for each portion of the address space. (See \fBmemcntl\fR(2) for further
information on illumos multiple page size support).

.sp
.LP
In the example below, we can see that the majority of the mappings are using an
8K-Byte page size, while the heap is using a 4M-Byte page size.

.sp
.LP
Notice that non-contiguous regions of resident pages of the same page size are
reported as separate mappings. In the example below, the \fBlibc.so\fR library
is reported as separate mappings, since only some of the \fBlibc.so\fR text is
resident:

.sp
.in +2
.nf
example$ pmap -xs 15492
15492:  ./maps
 Address  Kbytes     RSS    Anon  Locked Pgsz Mode   Mapped File
00010000       8       8       -       -   8K r-x--  maps
00020000       8       8       8       -   8K rwx--  maps
00022000    3960    3960    3960       -   8K rwx--    [ heap ]
00400000    8192    8192    8192       -   4M rwx--    [ heap ]
00C00000    4096       -       -       -    - rwx--    [ heap ]
01000000    4096    4096    4096       -   4M rwx--    [ heap ]
03000000    1024    1024       -       -   8K rw-s-  dev:0,2 ino:4628487
04000000     512     512     512       -   8K rw---  dev:0,2 ino:4628487
04080000     512     512       -       -    - rw---  dev:0,2 ino:4628487
05000000     512     512     512       -   8K rw--R  dev:0,2 ino:4628487
05080000     512     512       -       -    - rw--R  dev:0,2 ino:4628487
06000000    1024    1024    1024       -   8K rw---    [ anon ]
07000000     512     512     512       -   8K rw--R    [ anon ]
08000000    8192    8192       -    8192    - rwxs-    [ dism shmid=0x5 ]
09000000    4096    4096       -       -   8K rwxs-    [ dism shmid=0x4 ]
0A000000    4096       -       -       -    - rwxs-    [ dism shmid=0x2 ]
0B000000    8192    8192       -    8192   4M rwxsR    [ ism shmid=0x3 ]
FF280000     136     136       -       -   8K r-x--  libc.so.1
FF2A2000     120     120       -       -    - r-x--  libc.so.1
FF2C0000     128     128       -       -   8K r-x--  libc.so.1
FF2E0000     200     200       -       -    - r-x--  libc.so.1
FF312000      48      48       -       -   8K r-x--  libc.so.1
FF31E000      48      40       -       -    - r-x--  libc.so.1
FF33A000      32      32      32       -   8K rwx--  libc.so.1
FF390000       8       8       -       -   8K r-x--  libc_psr.so.1
FF3A0000       8       8       -       -   8K r-x--  libdl.so.1
FF3B0000       8       8       8       -   8K rwx--    [ anon ]
FF3C0000     152     152       -       -   8K r-x--  ld.so.1
FF3F6000       8       8       8       -   8K rwx--  ld.so.1
FFBFA000      24      24      24       -   8K rwx--    [ stack ]
     -------- ------- ------- ------- -------
total Kb   50464   42264   18888   16384
.fi
.in -2
.sp

.LP
\fBExample 4 \fRDisplaying Swap Reservations
.sp
.LP
The \fB-S\fR option can be used to describe the swap reservations for a
process. The amount of swap space reserved is displayed for each mapping within
the process. Swap reservations are reported as zero for shared mappings, since
they are accounted for only once system wide.

.sp
.in +2
.nf
example$ pmap -S 15492
15492:  ./maps
 Address  Kbytes    Swap Mode   Mapped File
00010000       8       - r-x--  maps
00020000       8       8 rwx--  maps
00022000   20344   20344 rwx--    [ heap ]
03000000    1024       - rw-s-  dev:0,2 ino:4628487
04000000    1024    1024 rw---  dev:0,2 ino:4628487
05000000    1024     512 rw--R  dev:0,2 ino:4628487
06000000    1024    1024 rw---    [ anon ]
07000000     512     512 rw--R    [ anon ]
08000000    8192       - rwxs-    [ dism shmid=0x5]
09000000    8192       - rwxs-    [ dism shmid=0x4]
0A000000    8192       - rwxs-    [ dism shmid=0x2]
0B000000    8192       - rwxsR    [ ism shmid=0x3]
FF280000     680       - r-x--  libc.so.1
FF33A000      32      32 rwx--  libc.so.1
FF390000       8       - r-x--  libc_psr.so.1
FF3A0000       8       - r-x--  libdl.so.1
FF3B0000       8       8 rwx--    [ anon ]
FF3C0000     152       - r-x--  ld.so.1
FF3F6000       8       8 rwx--  ld.so.1
FFBFA000      24      24 rwx--    [ stack ]
-------- ------- -------
total Kb   50464   23496
.fi
.in -2
.sp

.sp
.LP
The swap reservation information can be used to estimate the amount of virtual
swap used by each additional process. Each process consumes virtual swap from a
global virtual swap pool. Global swap reservations are reported by
the '\fBavail\fR' field of the \fBswap\fR(8) command.

.LP
\fBExample 5 \fRLabeling Stacks in a Multi-threaded Process
.sp
.in +2
.nf
example$ pmap 121969
121969: ./stacks
00010000       8K r-x--  /tmp/stacks
00020000       8K rwx--  /tmp/stacks
FE8FA000       8K rwx-R    [ stack tid=11 ]
FE9FA000       8K rwx-R    [ stack tid=10 ]
FEAFA000       8K rwx-R    [ stack tid=9 ]
FEBFA000       8K rwx-R    [ stack tid=8 ]
FECFA000       8K rwx-R    [ stack tid=7 ]
FEDFA000       8K rwx-R    [ stack tid=6 ]
FEEFA000       8K rwx-R    [ stack tid=5 ]
FEFFA000       8K rwx-R    [ stack tid=4 ]
FF0FA000       8K rwx-R    [ stack tid=3 ]
FF1FA000       8K rwx-R    [ stack tid=2 ]
FF200000      64K rw---    [ altstack tid=8 ]
FF220000      64K rw---    [ altstack tid=4 ]
FF240000     112K rw---    [ anon ]
FF260000      16K rw---    [ anon ]
FF270000      16K r-x--  /usr/platform/sun4u/lib/libc_psr.so.1
FF280000     672K r-x--  /usr/lib/libc.so.1
FF338000      24K rwx--  /usr/lib/libc.so.1
FF33E000       8K rwx--  /usr/lib/libc.so.1
FF35A000       8K rwxs-    [ anon ]
FF360000     104K r-x--  /usr/lib/libthread.so.1
FF38A000       8K rwx--  /usr/lib/libthread.so.1
FF38C000       8K rwx--  /usr/lib/libthread.so.1
FF3A0000       8K r-x--  /usr/lib/libdl.so.1
FF3B0000       8K rwx--    [ anon ]
FF3C0000     152K r-x--  /usr/lib/ld.so.1
FF3F6000       8K rwx--  /usr/lib/ld.so.1
FFBFA000      24K rwx--    [ stack ]
 total      1400K
.fi
.in -2
.sp

.LP
\fBExample 6 \fRDisplaying lgroup Memory Allocation
.sp
.LP
The following example displays lgroup memory allocation by mapping:

.sp
.in +2
.nf
example$ pmap -L `pgrep nscd`
100095: /usr/sbin/nscd
00010000       8K r-x--   2 /usr/sbin/nscd
00012000      48K r-x--   1 /usr/sbin/nscd
0002E000       8K rwx--   2 /usr/sbin/nscd
00030000      16K rwx--   2   [ heap ]
00034000       8K rwx--   1   [ heap ]
         .
         .
         .
FD80A000      24K rwx--   2   [ anon ]
FD820000       8K r-x--   2 /lib/libmd5.so.1
FD840000      16K r-x--   1 /lib/libmp.so.2
FD860000       8K r-x--   2 /usr/lib/straddr.so.2
FD872000       8K rwx--   1 /usr/lib/straddr.so.2
FD97A000       8K rw--R   1   [ stack tid=24 ]
FD990000       8K r-x--   2 /lib/nss_nis.so.1
FD992000      16K r-x--   1 /lib/nss_nis.so.1
FD9A6000       8K rwx--   1 /lib/nss_nis.so.1
FD9C0000       8K rwx--   2   [ anon ]
FD9D0000       8K r-x--   2 /lib/nss_files.so.1
FD9D2000      16K r-x--   1 /lib/nss_files.so.1
FD9E6000       8K rwx--   2 /lib/nss_files.so.1
FDAFA000       8K rw--R   2   [ stack tid=23 ]
FDBFA000       8K rw--R   1   [ stack tid=22 ]
FDCFA000       8K rw--R   1   [ stack tid=21 ]
FDDFA000       8K rw--R   1   [ stack tid=20 ]
    .
    .
    .
FEFFA000       8K rw--R   1   [ stack tid=2 ]
FF000000       8K rwx--   2   [ anon ]
FF004000      16K rwx--   1   [ anon ]
FF00A000      16K rwx--   1   [ anon ]
    .
    .
    .
FF3EE000       8K rwx--   2 /lib/ld.so.1
FFBFE000       8K rw---   2   [ stack ]
 total      2968K
.fi
.in -2
.sp

.SH EXIT STATUS
.LP
The following exit values are returned:
.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB0\fR\fR
.ad
.RS 12n
Successful operation.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fBnon-zero\fR
.ad
.RS 12n
An error has occurred.
.RE

.SH FILES
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB/proc/*\fR\fR
.ad
.RS 19n
process files
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB/usr/proc/lib/*\fR\fR
.ad
.RS 19n
\fBproc\fR tools supporting files
.RE

.SH ATTRIBUTES
.LP
See \fBattributes\fR(7) for descriptions of the following attributes:
.sp

.sp
.TS
box;
c | c
l | l .
ATTRIBUTE TYPE	ATTRIBUTE VALUE
_
Interface Stability	See below.
.TE

.sp
.LP
The command syntax is Evolving. The \fB-L\fR option and the output formats are
Unstable.
.SH SEE ALSO
.LP
.BR ldd (1),
.BR lgrpinfo (1),
.BR madv.so.1 (1),
.BR mdb (1),
.BR plgrp (1),
.BR pmadvise (1),
.BR proc (1),
.BR ps (1),
.BR memcntl (2),
.BR meminfo (2),
.BR mmap (2),
.BR shmop (2),
.BR dlopen (3C),
.BR proc (5),
.BR attributes (7),
.BR coreadm (8),
.BR prstat (8),
.BR swap (8)