diff options
| author | Arno Töll <arno@debian.org> | 2012-10-20 02:58:14 +0200 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Arno Töll <arno@debian.org> | 2012-10-20 02:58:14 +0200 |
| commit | 5c4fba3ffbe778bdffe10a93d04821579601a020 (patch) | |
| tree | 91be9a7f99d3988ba48b0a619479aa46a3234191 /docs/manual/rewrite/access.html.en | |
| parent | 8f9c15530d0bc387af114619b3ff3f930eb23d3c (diff) | |
| download | apache2-5c4fba3ffbe778bdffe10a93d04821579601a020.tar.gz | |
Imported Upstream version 2.4.3upstream/2.4.3
Diffstat (limited to 'docs/manual/rewrite/access.html.en')
| -rw-r--r-- | docs/manual/rewrite/access.html.en | 150 |
1 files changed, 91 insertions, 59 deletions
diff --git a/docs/manual/rewrite/access.html.en b/docs/manual/rewrite/access.html.en index 130bef33..a59cb739 100644 --- a/docs/manual/rewrite/access.html.en +++ b/docs/manual/rewrite/access.html.en @@ -8,10 +8,13 @@ <title>Using mod_rewrite to control access - Apache HTTP Server</title> <link href="../style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" /> <link href="../style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" /> -<link href="../style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" /> +<link href="../style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" /><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../style/css/prettify.css" /> +<script src="../style/scripts/prettify.js" type="text/javascript"> +</script> + <link href="../images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head> <body id="manual-page"><div id="page-header"> -<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p> +<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/FAQ">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p> <p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4</p> <img alt="" src="../images/feather.gif" /></div> <div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div> @@ -40,7 +43,7 @@ configuration.</div> <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#blocking-of-robots">Blocking of Robots</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#host-deny">Denying Hosts in a Blacklist</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#referer-deflector">Referer-based Deflector</a></li> -</ul><h3>See also</h3><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html">Module documentation</a></li><li><a href="intro.html">mod_rewrite introduction</a></li><li><a href="remapping.html">Redirection and remapping</a></li><li><a href="vhosts.html">Virtual hosts</a></li><li><a href="proxy.html">Proxying</a></li><li><a href="rewritemap.html">Using RewriteMap</a></li><li><a href="advanced.html">Advanced techniques</a></li><li><a href="avoid.html">When not to use mod_rewrite</a></li></ul></div> +</ul><h3>See also</h3><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html">Module documentation</a></li><li><a href="intro.html">mod_rewrite introduction</a></li><li><a href="remapping.html">Redirection and remapping</a></li><li><a href="vhosts.html">Virtual hosts</a></li><li><a href="proxy.html">Proxying</a></li><li><a href="rewritemap.html">Using RewriteMap</a></li><li><a href="advanced.html">Advanced techniques</a></li><li><a href="avoid.html">When not to use mod_rewrite</a></li></ul><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="#comments_section">Comments</a></li></ul></div> <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div> <div class="section"> <h2><a name="blocked-inline-images" id="blocked-inline-images">Forbidding Image "Hotlinking"</a></h2> @@ -76,29 +79,32 @@ configuration.</div> -<div class="example"><p><code> -RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} <strong>!^$</strong><br /> -RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !www.example.com [NC]<br /> -RewriteRule <strong>\.(gif|jpg|png)$</strong> - [F,NC] -</code></p></div> +<pre class="prettyprint lang-config"> +RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^$ +RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !www.example.com [NC] +RewriteRule \.(gif|jpg|png)$ - [F,NC] +</pre> + <p>In this second example, instead of failing the request, we display an alternate image instead.</p> -<div class="example"><p><code> -RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} <strong>!^$</strong><br /> -RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !www.example.com [NC]<br /> -RewriteRule <strong>\.(gif|jpg|png)$</strong> /images/go-away.png [R,NC] -</code></p></div> +<pre class="prettyprint lang-config"> +RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^$ +RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !www.example.com [NC] +RewriteRule \.(gif|jpg|png)$ /images/go-away.png [R,NC] +</pre> + <p>In the third example, we redirect the request to an image on some other site.</p> -<div class="example"><p><code> -RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} <strong>!^$</strong><br /> -RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !www.example.com [NC]<br /> -RewriteRule <strong>\.(gif|jpg|png)$</strong> http://other.example.com/image.gif [R,NC] -</code></p></div> +<pre class="prettyprint lang-config"> +RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^$ +RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !www.example.com [NC] +RewriteRule \.(gif|jpg|png)$ http://other.example.com/image.gif [R,NC] +</pre> + <p>Of these techniques, the last two tend to be the most effective in getting people to stop hotlinking your images, because they will @@ -113,14 +119,13 @@ RewriteRule <strong>\.(gif|jpg|png)$</strong> http://other.example.com/image.gif than redirecting that request elsewhere, this can be accomplished without the use of mod_rewrite:</p> - <div class="example"><p><code> - SetEnvIf Referer example\.com localreferer<br /> - <FilesMatch \.(jpg|png|gif)$><br /> - Order deny,allow<br /> - Deny from all<br /> - Allow from env=localreferer<br /> - </FilesMatch> - </code></p></div> + <pre class="prettyprint lang-config"> +SetEnvIf Referer example\.com localreferer +<FilesMatch \.(jpg|png|gif)$> + Require env localreferer +</FilesMatch> + </pre> + </dd> </dl> @@ -163,11 +168,12 @@ RewriteRule <strong>\.(gif|jpg|png)$</strong> http://other.example.com/image.gif range, if you are trying to block that user agent only from the particular source.</p> -<div class="example"><p><code> -RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^<strong>NameOfBadRobot</strong><br /> -RewriteCond %{REMOTE_ADDR} =<strong>123\.45\.67\.[8-9]</strong><br /> -RewriteRule ^<strong>/secret/files/</strong> - [<strong>F</strong>] -</code></p></div> +<pre class="prettyprint lang-config"> +RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^NameOfBadRobot +RewriteCond %{REMOTE_ADDR} =123\.45\.67\.[8-9] +RewriteRule ^/secret/files/ - [F] +</pre> + </dd> <dt>Discussion:</dt> @@ -177,14 +183,16 @@ RewriteRule ^<strong>/secret/files/</strong> - [<strong>F</strong>] Rather than using mod_rewrite for this, you can accomplish the same end using alternate means, as illustrated here: </p> - <div class="example"><p><code> - SetEnvIfNoCase User-Agent ^NameOfBadRobot goaway<br /> - <Location /secret/files><br /> - Order allow,deny<br /> - Allow from all<br /> - Deny from env=goaway<br /> - </Location> - </code></p></div> + <pre class="prettyprint lang-config"> +SetEnvIfNoCase User-Agent ^NameOfBadRobot goaway +<Location /secret/files> + <RequireAll> + Require all granted + Require not env goaway + </RequireAll> +</Location> + </pre> + <p> As noted above, this technique is trivial to circumvent, by simply modifying the <code>USER_AGENT</code> request header. If you @@ -214,13 +222,14 @@ RewriteRule ^<strong>/secret/files/</strong> - [<strong>F</strong>] <dt>Solution:</dt> <dd> -<div class="example"><p><code> -RewriteEngine on<br /> -RewriteMap hosts-deny txt:/path/to/hosts.deny<br /> -RewriteCond ${hosts-deny:%{REMOTE_ADDR}|NOT-FOUND} !=NOT-FOUND [OR]<br /> -RewriteCond ${hosts-deny:%{REMOTE_HOST}|NOT-FOUND} !=NOT-FOUND<br /> +<pre class="prettyprint lang-config"> +RewriteEngine on +RewriteMap hosts-deny txt:/path/to/hosts.deny +RewriteCond ${hosts-deny:%{REMOTE_ADDR}|NOT-FOUND} !=NOT-FOUND [OR] +RewriteCond ${hosts-deny:%{REMOTE_HOST}|NOT-FOUND} !=NOT-FOUND RewriteRule ^ - [F] -</code></p></div> +</pre> + <div class="example"><p><code> ##<br /> @@ -268,23 +277,24 @@ bsdti1.sdm.de -<br /> <p>The following ruleset uses a map file to associate each Referer with a redirection target.</p> -<div class="example"><p><code> -RewriteMap deflector txt:/path/to/deflector.map<br /> -<br /> -RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !=""<br /> -RewriteCond ${deflector:%{HTTP_REFERER}} =-<br /> -RewriteRule ^ %{HTTP_REFERER} [R,L]<br /> -<br /> -RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !=""<br /> -RewriteCond ${deflector:%{HTTP_REFERER}|NOT-FOUND} !=NOT-FOUND<br /> +<pre class="prettyprint lang-config"> +RewriteMap deflector txt:/path/to/deflector.map + +RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !="" +RewriteCond ${deflector:%{HTTP_REFERER}} =- +RewriteRule ^ %{HTTP_REFERER} [R,L] + +RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !="" +RewriteCond ${deflector:%{HTTP_REFERER}|NOT-FOUND} !=NOT-FOUND RewriteRule ^ ${deflector:%{HTTP_REFERER}} [R,L] -</code></p></div> +</pre> + <p>The map file lists redirection targets for each referer, or, if we just wish to redirect back to where they came from, a "-" is placed in the map:</p> -<div class="example"><p><code> +<pre class="prettyprint lang-config"> ##<br /> ## deflector.map<br /> ##<br /> @@ -292,7 +302,8 @@ RewriteRule ^ ${deflector:%{HTTP_REFERER}} [R,L] http://badguys.example.com/bad/index.html -<br /> http://badguys.example.com/bad/index2.html -<br /> http://badguys.example.com/bad/index3.html http://somewhere.example.com/ -</code></p></div> +</pre> + </dd> </dl> @@ -301,7 +312,28 @@ http://badguys.example.com/bad/index3.html http://somewhere.example.com/ <div class="bottomlang"> <p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/rewrite/access.html" title="English"> en </a> | <a href="../fr/rewrite/access.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a></p> -</div><div id="footer"> +</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img src="../images/up.gif" alt="top" /></a></div><div class="section"><h2><a id="comments_section" name="comments_section">Comments</a></h2><div class="warning"><strong>Notice:</strong><br />This is not a Q&A section. Comments placed here should be pointed towards suggestions on improving the documentation or server, and may be removed again by our moderators if they are either implemented or considered invalid/off-topic. Questions on how to manage the Apache HTTP Server should be directed at either our IRC channel, #httpd, on Freenode, or sent to our <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/lists.html">mailing lists</a>.</div> +<script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!-- +var comments_shortname = 'httpd'; +var comments_identifier = 'http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/rewrite/access.html'; +(function(w, d) { + if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "httpd.apache.org") { + d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><\/div>'); + var s = d.createElement('script'); + s.type = 'text/javascript'; + s.async = true; + s.src = 'https://comments.apache.org/show_comments.lua?site=' + comments_shortname + '&page=' + comments_identifier; + (d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(s); + } + else { + d.write('<div id="comments_thread">Comments are disabled for this page at the moment.<\/div>'); + } +})(window, document); +//--><!]]></script></div><div id="footer"> <p class="apache">Copyright 2012 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p> -<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div> +<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/FAQ">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!-- +if (typeof(prettyPrint) !== 'undefined') { + prettyPrint(); +} +//--><!]]></script> </body></html>
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