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[[mapping-timestamp-field]]
=== `_timestamp`
The `_timestamp` field allows to automatically index the timestamp of a
document. It can be provided externally via the index request or in the
`_source`. If it is not provided externally it will be automatically set
to the date the document was processed by the indexing chain.
[float]
==== enabled
By default it is disabled, in order to enable it, the following mapping
should be defined:
[source,js]
--------------------------------------------------
{
"tweet" : {
"_timestamp" : { "enabled" : true }
}
}
--------------------------------------------------
[float]
==== store / index
By default the `_timestamp` field has `store` set to `false` and `index`
set to `not_analyzed`. It can be queried as a standard date field.
[float]
==== path
The `_timestamp` value can be provided as an external value when
indexing. But, it can also be automatically extracted from the document
to index based on a `path`. For example, having the following mapping:
[source,js]
--------------------------------------------------
{
"tweet" : {
"_timestamp" : {
"enabled" : true,
"path" : "post_date"
}
}
}
--------------------------------------------------
Will cause `2009-11-15T14:12:12` to be used as the timestamp value for:
[source,js]
--------------------------------------------------
{
"message" : "You know, for Search",
"post_date" : "2009-11-15T14:12:12"
}
--------------------------------------------------
Note, using `path` without explicit timestamp value provided require an
additional (though quite fast) parsing phase.
[float]
==== format
You can define the <<mapping-date-format,date
format>> used to parse the provided timestamp value. For example:
[source,js]
--------------------------------------------------
{
"tweet" : {
"_timestamp" : {
"enabled" : true,
"path" : "post_date",
"format" : "YYYY-MM-dd"
}
}
}
--------------------------------------------------
Note, the default format is `dateOptionalTime`. The timestamp value will
first be parsed as a number and if it fails the format will be tried.
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