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<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Chapter 25. Advanced Network Management</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.73.1"><link rel="start" href="index.html" title="The Official Samba 3.2.x HOWTO and Reference Guide"><link rel="up" href="optional.html" title="Part III. Advanced Configuration"><link rel="prev" href="winbind.html" title="Chapter 24. Winbind: Use of Domain Accounts"><link rel="next" href="PolicyMgmt.html" title="Chapter 26. System and Account Policies"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapter 25. Advanced Network Management</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="winbind.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Part III. Advanced Configuration</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="PolicyMgmt.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="AdvancedNetworkManagement"></a>Chapter 25. Advanced Network Management</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><code class="email"><<a class="email" href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></code></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">June 15 2005</p></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="AdvancedNetworkManagement.html#id2679954">Features and Benefits</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="AdvancedNetworkManagement.html#id2679981">Remote Server Administration</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="AdvancedNetworkManagement.html#id2680124">Remote Desktop Management</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="AdvancedNetworkManagement.html#id2680153">Remote Management from NoMachine.Com</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="AdvancedNetworkManagement.html#id2680528">Remote Management with ThinLinc</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="AdvancedNetworkManagement.html#id2680713">Network Logon Script Magic</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="AdvancedNetworkManagement.html#id2680939">Adding Printers without User Intervention</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="AdvancedNetworkManagement.html#id2680982">Limiting Logon Connections</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2679943"></a>
This section documents peripheral issues that are of great importance to network
administrators who want to improve network resource access control, to automate the user
environment, and to make their lives a little easier.
</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2679954"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div></div><p>
Often the difference between a working network environment and a well-appreciated one can
best be measured by the <span class="emphasis"><em>little things</em></span> that make everything work more
harmoniously. A key part of every network environment solution is the ability to remotely
manage MS Windows workstations, remotely access the Samba server, provide customized
logon scripts, as well as other housekeeping activities that help to sustain more reliable
network operations.
</p><p>
This chapter presents information on each of these areas. They are placed here, and not in
other chapters, for ease of reference.
</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2679981"></a>Remote Server Administration</h2></div></div></div><p>“<span class="quote">How do I get User Manager and Server Manager?</span>”</p><p>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2679994"></a>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680001"></a>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680008"></a>
Since I do not need to buy an <span class="application">NT4 server</span>, how do I get the User Manager for Domains
and the Server Manager?
</p><p>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680026"></a>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680033"></a>
Microsoft distributes a version of these tools called <code class="filename">Nexus.exe</code> for installation
on <span class="application">Windows 9x/Me</span> systems. The tools set includes:
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Server Manager</p></li><li><p>User Manager for Domains</p></li><li><p>Event Viewer</p></li></ul></div><p>
Download the archived file at the Microsoft <a class="ulink" href="ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/Softlib/MSLFILES/NEXUS.EXE" target="_top">Nexus</a> link.
</p><p>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680087"></a>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680094"></a>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680101"></a>
The <span class="application">Windows NT 4.0</span> version of the User Manager for
Domains and Server Manager are available from Microsoft
<a class="ulink" href="ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/Softlib/MSLFILES/SRVTOOLS.EXE" target="_top">via ftp</a>.
</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2680124"></a>Remote Desktop Management</h2></div></div></div><p>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680132"></a>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680140"></a>
There are a number of possible remote desktop management solutions that range from free
through costly. Do not let that put you off. Sometimes the most costly solution is the
most cost effective. In any case, you will need to draw your own conclusions as to which
is the best tool in your network environment.
</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2680153"></a>Remote Management from NoMachine.Com</h3></div></div></div><p>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680161"></a>
The following information was posted to the Samba mailing list at Apr 3 23:33:50 GMT 2003.
It is presented in slightly edited form (with author details omitted for privacy reasons).
The entire answer is reproduced below with some comments removed.
</p><p>“<span class="quote">
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680177"></a>
I have a wonderful Linux/Samba server running as PDC for a network. Now I would like to add remote
desktop capabilities so users outside could login to the system and get their desktop up from home or
another country.
</span>”</p><p>“<span class="quote">
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680192"></a>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680199"></a>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680206"></a>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680212"></a>
Is there a way to accomplish this? Do I need a Windows Terminal server? Do I need to configure it so
it is a member of the domain or a BDC or PDC? Are there any hacks for MS Windows XP to enable remote login
even if the computer is in a domain?
</span>”</p><p>
Answer provided: Check out the new offer of “<span class="quote">NX</span>” software from
<a class="ulink" href="http://www.nomachine.com/" target="_top">NoMachine</a>.
</p><p>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680243"></a>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680250"></a>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680256"></a>
It implements an easy-to-use interface to the Remote X protocol as
well as incorporating VNC/RFB and rdesktop/RDP into it, but at a speed
performance much better than anything you may have ever seen.
</p><p>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680270"></a>
Remote X is not new at all, but what they did achieve successfully is
a new way of compression and caching technologies that makes the thing
fast enough to run even over slow modem/ISDN connections.
</p><p>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680284"></a>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680291"></a>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680297"></a>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680304"></a>
I test drove their (public) Red Hat machine in Italy, over a loaded
Internet connection, with enabled thumbnail previews in KDE konqueror,
which popped up immediately on “<span class="quote">mouse-over</span>”. From inside that (remote X)
session I started a rdesktop session on another, a Windows XP machine.
To test the performance, I played Pinball. I am proud to announce
that my score was 631,750 points at first try.
</p><p>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680323"></a>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680330"></a>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680336"></a>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680343"></a>
NX performs better on my local LAN than any of the other “<span class="quote">pure</span>”
connection methods I use from time to time: TightVNC, rdesktop or
Remote X. It is even faster than a direct crosslink connection between
two nodes.
</p><p>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680360"></a>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680367"></a>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680374"></a>
I even got sound playing from the Remote X app to my local boxes, and
had a working “<span class="quote">copy'n'paste</span>” from an NX window (running a KDE session
in Italy) to my Mozilla mailing agent. These guys are certainly doing
something right!
</p><p>
I recommend test driving NX to anybody with a only a passing interest in remote computing
the <a class="ulink" href="http://www.nomachine.com/testdrive.php" target="_top">NX</a> utility.
</p><p>
Just download the free-of-charge client software (available for Red Hat,
SuSE, Debian and Windows) and be up and running within 5 minutes (they
need to send you your account data, though, because you are assigned
a real UNIX account on their testdrive.nomachine.com box).
</p><p>
They plan to get to the point were you can have NX application servers
running as a cluster of nodes, and users simply start an NX session locally
and can select applications to run transparently (apps may even run on
another NX node, but pretend to be on the same as used for initial login,
because it displays in the same window. You also can run it
full-screen, and after a short time you forget that it is a remote session
at all).
</p><p>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680424"></a>
Now the best thing for last: All the core compression and caching
technologies are released under the GPL and available as source code
to anybody who wants to build on it! These technologies are working,
albeit started from the command line only (and very inconvenient to
use in order to get a fully running remote X session up and running).
</p><p>
To answer your questions:
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>
You do not need to install a terminal server; XP has RDP support built in.
</p></li><li><p>
NX is much cheaper than Citrix and comparable in performance, probably faster.
</p></li><li><p>
You do not need to hack XP it just works.
</p></li><li><p>
You log into the XP box from remote transparently (and I think there is no
need to change anything to get a connection, even if authentication is against a domain).
</p></li><li><p>
The NX core technologies are all Open Source and released under the GPL
you can now use a (very inconvenient) command line at no cost,
but you can buy a comfortable (proprietary) NX GUI front end for money.
</p></li><li><p>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680487"></a>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680494"></a>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680500"></a>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680507"></a>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680514"></a>
NoMachine is encouraging and offering help to OSS/Free Software implementations
for such a front-end too, even if it means competition to them (they have written
to this effect even to the LTSP, KDE, and GNOME developer mailing lists).
</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2680528"></a>Remote Management with ThinLinc</h3></div></div></div><p>
Another alternative for remote access is <span class="emphasis"><em>ThinLinc</em></span> from Cendio.
</p><p>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680544"></a>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680551"></a>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680558"></a>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680564"></a>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680571"></a>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680578"></a>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680585"></a>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680591"></a>
ThinLinc is a terminal server solution that is available for Linux and Solaris based on standard
protocols such as SSH, TightVNC, NFS and PulseAudio.
</p><p>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680604"></a>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680610"></a>
ThinLinc an be used both in the LAN environment to implement a Thin Client strategy for an organization, and as
secure remote access solution for people working from remote locations, even over smallband connections.
ThinLinc is free to use for a single concurrent user.
</p><p>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680625"></a>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680632"></a>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680639"></a>
The product can also be used as a frontend to access Windows Terminal Server or Citrix farms, or even Windows
XP machines, securing the connection via the ssh protocol. The client is available both for Linux (supporting
all Linux distributions as well as numerous thin terminals) and for Windows. A Java-based Web client is also
available.
</p><p>
ThinLinc may be evaluated by connecting to Cendio's demo system, see
<a class="ulink" href="http://www.cendio.com" target="_top">Cendio's</a> web site
<a class="ulink" href="http://www.cendio.com/testdrive" target="_top">testdrive</a> center.
</p><p>
Cendio is a major contributor to several open source projects including
<a class="ulink" href="http://www.tightvnc.com" target="_top">TightVNC</a>,
<a class="ulink" href="http://pulseaudio.org" target="_top">PulseAudio</a> , unfsd,
<a class="ulink" href="http://www.python.org" target="_top">Python</a> and
<a class="ulink" href="http://www.rdesktop.org" target="_top">rdesktop</a>.
</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2680713"></a>Network Logon Script Magic</h2></div></div></div><p>
There are several opportunities for creating a custom network startup configuration environment.
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>No Logon Script.</p></li><li><p>Simple universal Logon Script that applies to all users.</p></li><li><p>Use of a conditional Logon Script that applies per-user or per-group attributes.</p></li><li><p>Use of Samba's preexec and postexec functions on access to the NETLOGON share to create
a custom logon script and then execute it.</p></li><li><p>User of a tool such as KixStart.</p></li></ul></div><p>
The Samba source code tree includes two logon script generation/execution tools.
See <code class="filename">examples</code> directory <code class="filename">genlogon</code> and
<code class="filename">ntlogon</code> subdirectories.
</p><p>
The following listings are from the genlogon directory.
</p><p>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680784"></a>
This is the <code class="filename">genlogon.pl</code> file:
</p><pre class="programlisting">
#!/usr/bin/perl
#
# genlogon.pl
#
# Perl script to generate user logon scripts on the fly, when users
# connect from a Windows client. This script should be called from
# smb.conf with the %U, %G and %L parameters. I.e:
#
# root preexec = genlogon.pl %U %G %L
#
# The script generated will perform
# the following:
#
# 1. Log the user connection to /var/log/samba/netlogon.log
# 2. Set the PC's time to the Linux server time (which is maintained
# daily to the National Institute of Standards Atomic clock on the
# internet.
# 3. Connect the user's home drive to H: (H for Home).
# 4. Connect common drives that everyone uses.
# 5. Connect group-specific drives for certain user groups.
# 6. Connect user-specific drives for certain users.
# 7. Connect network printers.
# Log client connection
#($sec,$min,$hour,$mday,$mon,$year,$wday,$yday,$isdst) = localtime(time);
($sec,$min,$hour,$mday,$mon,$year,$wday,$yday,$isdst) = localtime(time);
open LOG, ">>/var/log/samba/netlogon.log";
print LOG "$mon/$mday/$year $hour:$min:$sec";
print LOG " - User $ARGV[0] logged into $ARGV[1]\n";
close LOG;
# Start generating logon script
open LOGON, ">/shared/netlogon/$ARGV[0].bat";
print LOGON "\@ECHO OFF\r\n";
# Connect shares just use by Software Development group
if ($ARGV[1] eq "SOFTDEV" || $ARGV[0] eq "softdev")
{
print LOGON "NET USE M: \\\\$ARGV[2]\\SOURCE\r\n";
}
# Connect shares just use by Technical Support staff
if ($ARGV[1] eq "SUPPORT" || $ARGV[0] eq "support")
{
print LOGON "NET USE S: \\\\$ARGV[2]\\SUPPORT\r\n";
}
# Connect shares just used by Administration staff
If ($ARGV[1] eq "ADMIN" || $ARGV[0] eq "admin")
{
print LOGON "NET USE L: \\\\$ARGV[2]\\ADMIN\r\n";
print LOGON "NET USE K: \\\\$ARGV[2]\\MKTING\r\n";
}
# Now connect Printers. We handle just two or three users a little
# differently, because they are the exceptions that have desktop
# printers on LPT1: - all other user's go to the LaserJet on the
# server.
if ($ARGV[0] eq 'jim'
|| $ARGV[0] eq 'yvonne')
{
print LOGON "NET USE LPT2: \\\\$ARGV[2]\\LJET3\r\n";
print LOGON "NET USE LPT3: \\\\$ARGV[2]\\FAXQ\r\n";
}
else
{
print LOGON "NET USE LPT1: \\\\$ARGV[2]\\LJET3\r\n";
print LOGON "NET USE LPT3: \\\\$ARGV[2]\\FAXQ\r\n";
}
# All done! Close the output file.
close LOGON;
</pre><p>
</p><p>
Those wishing to use a more elaborate or capable logon processing system should check out these sites:
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><a class="ulink" href="http://www.craigelachie.org/rhacer/ntlogon" target="_top">http://www.craigelachie.org/rhacer/ntlogon</a></p></li><li><p><a class="ulink" href="http://www.kixtart.org" target="_top">http://www.kixtart.org</a></p></li></ul></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2680939"></a>Adding Printers without User Intervention</h3></div></div></div><p>
<a class="indexterm" name="id2680947"></a>
Printers may be added automatically during logon script processing through the use of:
</p><pre class="screen">
<code class="prompt">C:\> </code><strong class="userinput"><code>rundll32 printui.dll,PrintUIEntry /?</code></strong>
</pre><p>
See the documentation in the <a class="ulink" href="http://support.microsoft.com/default.asp?scid=kb;en-us;189105" target="_top">Microsoft Knowledge Base article 189105</a>.
</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2680982"></a>Limiting Logon Connections</h3></div></div></div><p>
Sometimes it is necessary to limit the number of concurrent connections to a
Samba shared resource. For example, a site may wish to permit only one network
logon per user.
</p><p>
The Samba <em class="parameter"><code>preexec script</code></em> parameter can be used to permit only one
connection per user. Though this method is not foolproof and may have side effects,
the following contributed method may inspire someone to provide a better solution.
</p><p>
This is not a perfect solution because Windows clients can drop idle connections
with an auto-reconnect capability that could result in the appearance that a share
is no longer in use, while actually it is. Even so, it demonstrates the principle
of use of the <em class="parameter"><code>preexec script</code></em> parameter.
</p><p>
The following share configuration demonstrates use of the script shown in <a class="link" href="AdvancedNetworkManagement.html#Tpees" title="Example 25.1. Script to Enforce Single Resource Logon">“Script to Enforce Single Resource Logon”</a>.
</p><pre class="programlisting">
[myshare]
...
preexec script = /sbin/PermitSingleLogon.sh
preexec close = Yes
...
</pre><p>
</p><div class="example"><a name="Tpees"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 25.1. Script to Enforce Single Resource Logon</b></p><div class="example-contents"><pre class="screen">
#!/bin/bash
IFS="-"
RESULT=$(smbstatus -S -u $1 2> /dev/null | awk 'NF \
> 6 {print $1}' | sort | uniq -d)
if [ "X${RESULT}" == X ]; then
exit 0
else
exit 1
fi
</pre></div></div><br class="example-break"></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="winbind.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="optional.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="PolicyMgmt.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Chapter 24. Winbind: Use of Domain Accounts </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Chapter 26. System and Account Policies</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
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